WO2013160208A1 - Component made of plastic - Google Patents

Component made of plastic Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2013160208A1
WO2013160208A1 PCT/EP2013/058201 EP2013058201W WO2013160208A1 WO 2013160208 A1 WO2013160208 A1 WO 2013160208A1 EP 2013058201 W EP2013058201 W EP 2013058201W WO 2013160208 A1 WO2013160208 A1 WO 2013160208A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
section
component
plastic
fiber
base material
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2013/058201
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Johann Dudkowiak
David Keller
Original Assignee
Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft filed Critical Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft
Publication of WO2013160208A1 publication Critical patent/WO2013160208A1/en

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/56—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using mechanical means or mechanical connections, e.g. form-fits
    • B29C65/565—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using mechanical means or mechanical connections, e.g. form-fits involving interference fits, e.g. force-fits or press-fits
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/11—Joint cross-sections comprising a single joint-segment, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising a single joint-segment in the joint cross-section
    • B29C66/112—Single lapped joints
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/11—Joint cross-sections comprising a single joint-segment, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising a single joint-segment in the joint cross-section
    • B29C66/114—Single butt joints
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/13—Single flanged joints; Fin-type joints; Single hem joints; Edge joints; Interpenetrating fingered joints; Other specific particular designs of joint cross-sections not provided for in groups B29C66/11 - B29C66/12
    • B29C66/131—Single flanged joints, i.e. one of the parts to be joined being rigid and flanged in the joint area
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/40—General aspects of joining substantially flat articles, e.g. plates, sheets or web-like materials; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles; Joining single elements to substantially flat surfaces
    • B29C66/47—Joining single elements to sheets, plates or other substantially flat surfaces
    • B29C66/472—Joining single elements to sheets, plates or other substantially flat surfaces said single elements being substantially flat
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/40—General aspects of joining substantially flat articles, e.g. plates, sheets or web-like materials; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles; Joining single elements to substantially flat surfaces
    • B29C66/47—Joining single elements to sheets, plates or other substantially flat surfaces
    • B29C66/474—Joining single elements to sheets, plates or other substantially flat surfaces said single elements being substantially non-flat
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/72—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/721—Fibre-reinforced materials
    • B29C66/7214—Fibre-reinforced materials characterised by the length of the fibres
    • B29C66/72141—Fibres of continuous length
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/72—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/721—Fibre-reinforced materials
    • B29C66/7212—Fibre-reinforced materials characterised by the composition of the fibres
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/73—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/739—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/7392—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of at least one of the parts being a thermoplastic
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/73—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/739—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/7392—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of at least one of the parts being a thermoplastic
    • B29C66/73921—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of at least one of the parts being a thermoplastic characterised by the materials of both parts being thermoplastics
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/73—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/739—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/7394—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of at least one of the parts being a thermoset
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
    • B29L2031/00—Other particular articles
    • B29L2031/30—Vehicles, e.g. ships or aircraft, or body parts thereof
    • B29L2031/3055—Cars
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
    • B29L2031/00—Other particular articles
    • B29L2031/737—Articles provided with holes, e.g. grids, sieves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
    • F01L1/12—Transmitting gear between valve drive and valve
    • F01L1/18—Rocking arms or levers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L2301/00—Using particular materials

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a plastic component for a motor vehicle, according to the preamble of the first claim.
  • Inserts are already known which have inserts made of other materials, usually in order to connect further force-transmitting components to the plastic component.
  • the inserts serve to introduce forces into the plastic component over a large surface, so that it is not destroyed by local overstress. Inserts are therefore usually made of a material that can withstand local stresses better than the plastic used for the plastic component.
  • the material used for such inserts is often metal, in particular light metal.
  • Requirements for a plastic component come from the areas of strength, damping, acoustics (natural frequency), thermal management, weight and costs.
  • components made of aluminum are at a disadvantage in terms of weight, cost and inherent damping compared to components made of plastic, while the latter have less stiffness than aluminum.
  • German Patent PS 32 43 897 This describes a two-armed rocker arm made of a carbon fiber reinforced resin, with an embedded in the resin composition metal bushing as an insert, as a high-strength and lightweight Tilting, which is suitable for use in high-speed engines.
  • the prior art has exemplified carbon fiber strands, each of which comprises a bundle of 12,000 monofilaments (HTA-7-12,000 from Toho Beslon Co., Ltd.
  • a component for a motor vehicle comprising at least a first portion of a base material consisting at least of plastic and at least a second portion of a reinforcing material for the base material, characterized in that the second portion consists of fiber-reinforced plastic and / or or kraftschiüssig is connected to the first section and has a higher strength than this.
  • the second section here advantageously forms an insert of fiber-reinforced plastics, for example as a pultruded component, positively and / or non-positively connected to the first section of base material, whose fibers are arranged mainly in one direction.
  • the inserts should be oriented in the base material so that the pressure load can be advantageously carried out in the fiber direction.
  • they may advantageously be wrapped or braided around the core of longitudinal filaments with continuous filaments.
  • the so-called cross-flow of the inserts is also advantageously prevented by appropriate embedding of the inserts in the first section, in which the fibers are selected so that a radial stability of the inserts is achieved.
  • Diverse processing methods allow the designer to design optimal structures while reducing weight and costs.
  • the second section in a region of the Component is arranged are introduced into the at least during operation forces and / or is exposed at least during operation greater load than other areas of the component. It is advantageous if the second section is inserted in the first section, that the power flow is conducted from points of introduction of force to points of Kraftaustechnisch through the second section.
  • the first section consists of a thermoplastic or thermosetting plastic, with or without fiber reinforcement
  • the second section is a reinforcing insert of a fiber-reinforced plastic.
  • the fiber reinforcement is directed in the second section and extends in the direction of the main stress.
  • the base material consists of a thermoplastic material or comprises a thermoplastic material, which reduces costs and weight.
  • the insert also consists of, for example carbon fiber reinforced, plastic, the connection strength between insert and base material is reliably ensured in the long term. Also because there are no problems with corrosion and because the temperature behavior does not cause sticking problems. A not inconsiderable advantage is the simplification of recycling. Overall, this results in a plastic component that combines the technical properties of fiber-reinforced plastics with a cost-effective production.
  • FIG. 1 shows a partial section of a carrier according to the invention with a force connection point according to the invention
  • FIG. 2 shows a further partial section of a carrier according to the invention with a force connection point according to the invention
  • FIG. 3 shows a partial section of a carrier according to the invention with a force connection point according to the invention
  • Figure 4 a positive connection of an insert according to the invention in the base material as a partial section
  • Figure 5 a positive connection of another insert according to the invention in the base material as a partial section.
  • the carrier 1, 2 3 are partially shown. These consist to a large extent of base material 1 ', 2', 3 ', ie plastic, which may be different for each carrier 1, 2, 3.
  • the base material 1 'for the carrier 1 is a carbon fiber reinforced thermoset
  • the base material 2' for the carrier 2 is a non-reinforced thermoplastic
  • the base material 3 'for the carrier 3 is a glass fiber reinforced thermoplastic.
  • Locally in these carriers 1, 2, 3 each have an insert 7, 8, 9 embedded from reinforcing material, as shown for example in Figures 4 and 5 enlarged, as inserts 6, 16.
  • First sections of the carrier 1, 2, 3, or components 4, 5 thus consist of the base material 1 ', 2', 3 ', 4', 5 'and second portions of the carrier 1, 2, 3 or components 4, 5 are inserts 6, 7, 8, 9, 16 consisting of the reinforcing material.
  • This is made of fiber composite whose core 12 is made by means of a continuously advancing manufacturing process, pultrusion.
  • Pultrusion is a manufacturing process for long fiber reinforced plastic components. In this case, an impregnated, textile semifinished product is pulled through a matrix analogously to extrusion and thereby consolidated. It can be produced with this method very economical profiles consistent quality.
  • the profiles may have a straight extension direction or a constant curvature.
  • the fibers are oriented exclusively in the extension direction, that is insert longitudinal direction.
  • the pultruded inserts 6, 16 in Figures 4 and 5 are incorporated in plastic components 4, 5 of base material 4 ', 5', reinforced for example with directed fibers, indicated schematically by parallel drawn lines 17, 18, in the direction of the main stress of Construction- 4, 5.
  • the fiber is arranged mainly in one direction, the direction of the lines 17, 18 drawn in parallel.
  • the pultruded inserts 6, 16, on the other hand, are oriented such that the pressure load is in their fiber direction. By using the high strength and stiffness, as well as the low thermal expansion of the fiber in the longitudinal direction, negative setting behavior is prevented. In order to prevent the transverse flow of the insert 16, this is wrapped around the core 12 of longitudinally arranged fibers with endless fibers 13.
  • a transverse flow of the inserts 6, 16 is also prevented by their embedding in the base material 4 ', 5' by the fibers are chosen so that a radial stability of the inserts 6, 16 is achieved.
  • a positive connection of the inserts 6, 7, 8, 9, 16 in the base material 1 ', 2', 3 ', 4', 5 'in the circumferential direction can also be achieved by the shape of the inserts 6, 7, 8, 9, 16, for example, by an oval insert circumference or by a not drawn toothed insert circumferential profile which meshes with the base material V, 2 ', 3', 4 ', 5' in the manner of a shaft-hub connection according to the prior art is.
  • cavities 10 in the first section for example, due to changes in wall thickness to the insert 9 back, can also be filled with plastic.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Moulding By Coating Moulds (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)

Abstract

According to the invention, a component for a motor vehicle, comprising at least one first section, made of a base material consisting at least of plastic, and at least one second section, made of a reinforcement material for the base material, is characterised in that the second section consists of fibre-reinforced plastic and is connected in a form-fit or friction-fit manner to the first section.

Description

Bauteil aus Kunststoff  Plastic component
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Bauteil aus Kunststoff für ein Kraftfahrzeug, gemäß dem Oberbegriff des ersten Anspruchs. The invention relates to a plastic component for a motor vehicle, according to the preamble of the first claim.
Es sind bereits Bauteile aus Kunststoff bekannt, die Inserts aus anderen Werkstoffen besitzen, meist um darüber weitere kraftübertragende Bauteile an das Kunststoffbauteil anzubinden. Die Inserts dienen dazu, über eine große Oberfläche Kräfte in das Kunststoffbauteil einzuleiten, damit dieses nicht durch örtliche Überbeanspruchung zerstört wird. Deshalb sind Inserts meist aus einem Werkstoff, der örtlichen Belastungen besser standhalten kann als der verwendete Kunststoff für das Kunststoffbauteil. Als Werkstoff für solche Inserts wird oft Metall verwendet, insbesondere Leichtmetall. Plastic components are already known which have inserts made of other materials, usually in order to connect further force-transmitting components to the plastic component. The inserts serve to introduce forces into the plastic component over a large surface, so that it is not destroyed by local overstress. Inserts are therefore usually made of a material that can withstand local stresses better than the plastic used for the plastic component. The material used for such inserts is often metal, in particular light metal.
Anforderungen an einen Kunststoffbauteil kommen aus den Bereichen Festigkeit, Dämpfung, Akustik (Eigenfrequenz), Wärmemanagement, Gewicht und Kosten. Dabei sind Bauteile aus Aluminium bei Gewicht, Kosten und Eigendämpfung gegenüber Bauteilen aus Kunststoff im Nachteil, während letztere gegenüber Aluminium weniger Steifigkeit aufweisen. Requirements for a plastic component come from the areas of strength, damping, acoustics (natural frequency), thermal management, weight and costs. In this case, components made of aluminum are at a disadvantage in terms of weight, cost and inherent damping compared to components made of plastic, while the latter have less stiffness than aluminum.
Ein Kunststoffbauteil mit Metall-Inserts ist aus der Deutschen Patentschrift PS 32 43 897 bekannt. Diese beschreibt einen zweiarmigen Kipphebel aus einem mit Kohlefasem verstärkten Harz, mit einer in der Harzmasse eingebetteten metallischen Lagerbuchse als Insert, als hochfesten und leichtgewichtigen Kippbebel, welcher für den Einsatz in Hochgeschwindigkeitsmotoren geeignet ist. Nach dem Stand der Technik wurden als Beispiel Kohlefaser-Stränge, von denen jeder ein Bündel von 12 000 Einzelfäden (HTA-7-12 000 der Toho Beslon Co., Ltd. mit einem Durchmesser von 7 Mikrometer, einer Zugfestigkeit von 350 kg/crr>2 und einem Zugmodul von 24000 kg/mm2 umfasst, wurden in eine Länge von ungefähr 3 cm geschnitten. Die geschnittenen Stränge wurden in eine Kipphebelform eingegeben und zwar in Richtung der Z-Achse. Sie wurden auf solche Weise gepackt, dass sie willkürlich in X- Y- und X- Y'-Ebene ausgerichtet bzw. orientiert waren. Zur selben Zeit wurde ein Nockenkissen aus Gusseisen an der Nockenkontaktfläche angebracht, eine A plastic component with metal inserts is known from German Patent PS 32 43 897. This describes a two-armed rocker arm made of a carbon fiber reinforced resin, with an embedded in the resin composition metal bushing as an insert, as a high-strength and lightweight Tilting, which is suitable for use in high-speed engines. The prior art has exemplified carbon fiber strands, each of which comprises a bundle of 12,000 monofilaments (HTA-7-12,000 from Toho Beslon Co., Ltd. having a diameter of 7 microns, a tensile strength of 350 kg / cm.sup.2 > 2 and a tensile modulus of 24000 kg / mm 2, were cut into a length of about 3 cm, and the cut strands were put into a toggle shape in Direction of the Z-axis. They were packed in such a way that they were arbitrarily oriented in XY and XY 'planes. At the same time, a cast iron cam cushion was attached to the cam contact surface, a
runde Aluminiumstange (16 mm im Durchmesser) am Einstellschraubenbefestigungsbereich und ein Aluminium- rohr (Innendurchmesser von 16mm und Aussendurchmesser von 22 mm) im Umfang des Kippwellenloches angebracht. Das Aluminiumrohr wurde durch eine Rundstange (16 mm) am Ort gehalten und an beiden Enden der Form abgestützt. Die Kohlefasern wurden dann mit Q-1 01 Epoxyharz auf einen Harzgehalt von 42 Gew.-% imprägniert. Das Gemisch wurde gehärtet und dann gekühlt. Nach dem Entformen wurde ein Kipphebel mit drei metallischen Einsätzen erhalten. Das Produkt hatte einen Harzgehalt von 55 VoL- %. ein cos2a von 0,957 und ein cos2b von 0,970. Das Gewicht des erfindungsgemäßen Kipphebels betrug ungefähr die Hälfte des Gewichts des herkömmlichen Produktes und die Festigkeit des erfindungsgemäßen Produktes ist nahezu verdoppelt. round aluminum rod (16 mm in diameter) at the adjusting screw mounting area and an aluminum tube (inner diameter of 16 mm and outer diameter of 22 mm) in the circumference of the tilt shaft hole mounted. The aluminum tube was held in place by a round bar (16 mm) and supported at both ends of the mold. The carbon fibers were then impregnated with Q-1 01 epoxy resin to a resin content of 42% by weight. The mixture was hardened and then cooled. After demolding, a rocker arm with three metal inserts was obtained. The product had a resin content of 55% by volume. a cos2a of 0.957 and a cos2b of 0.970. The weight of the rocker arm according to the invention was about half the weight of the conventional product and the strength of the product according to the invention is almost doubled.
Deshalb ist es Aufgabe der Erfindung, Kunststoffbauteile mit Inserts bereitzustellen, bei denen das Verhältnis von Gewicht und Festigkeit noch günstiger ist und die kostengünstig gefertigt werden können. It is therefore an object of the invention to provide plastic components with inserts, in which the ratio of weight and strength is even cheaper and can be manufactured inexpensively.
Die Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß mit den kennzeichnenden Merkmalen des Anspruchs 1 gelöst. Weitere Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung ergeben sich aus den abhängigen Ansprüchen. The object is achieved with the characterizing features of claim 1. Further embodiments of the invention will become apparent from the dependent claims.
Nach der Erfindung ist ein Bauteil für ein Kraftfahrzeug, umfassend mindestens einen ersten Abschnitt aus einem wenigstens aus Kunststoff bestehenden Basismaterial und mindestens einen zweiten Abschnitt aus einem Verstärkungsmaterial für das Basismaterial, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der zweite Abschnitt aus faserverstärktem Kunststoff besteht und form- und/oder kraftschiüssig mit dem ersten Abschnitt verbunden ist und eine höhere Festigkeit besitzt als dieser. According to the invention, a component for a motor vehicle, comprising at least a first portion of a base material consisting at least of plastic and at least a second portion of a reinforcing material for the base material, characterized in that the second portion consists of fiber-reinforced plastic and / or or kraftschiüssig is connected to the first section and has a higher strength than this.
Die zweite Abschnitt bildet hier vorteilhafterweise ein Insert aus faserverstärkten Kunststoffen, zum Beispiel als pultrudierte Komponente, form- und/oder kraftschlüssig verbunden mit dem ersten Abschnitt aus Basismaterial, dessen Fasern hauptsächlich in einer Richtung angeordnet sind. Dies bedingt für das Insert höhere Festigkeit und höhere Tragfähigkeit in Belastungsrichtung gegenüber dem Trägermaterial des ersten Abschnitts. Die Inserts sollen im Basismaterial so ausgerichtet sein, dass die Druckbelastung vorteilhafterweise in der Faserrichtung erfolgen kann. Durch die Nutzung der hohen Festigkeiten und Steifigkeit, sowie der geringen Wärmeausdehnung der Faser in der Längsrichtung wird ein negatives Setzverhalten verhindert. Außerdem können, um das Fließen der Inserts in der Querrichtung zu verhindern, diese vorteilhafterweise um den Kern aus längsangeordneten Fasern mit Endlosfasern umwickelt oder umflochten sein. Es ist auch eine Kombination verschiedener Schichten möglich. Das so genannte Querfließen der Inserts wird auch vorteilhafterweise durch entsprechende Einbettung der Inserts im ersten Abschnitt verhindert, in dem die Fasern so gewählt werden, dass eine radiale Stabilität der Inserts erreicht wird. Vielfältige Verarbeitungsverfahren erlauben dem Konstrukteur so die Gestaltung optimaler Strukturen bei gleichzeitiger Gewichts- und Kostenreduzierung. Dadurch, dass das Insert, als zweiter Abschnitt, und der erste Abschnitt, beide aus Kunststoff bestehen, besitzen diese im Wesentlichen gleiche Wärmeausdehnungskoeffizienten, was die Empfindlichkeit des Bauteils bzgl. Temperaturwechselbeanspruchung erheblich verringert gegenüber Kunststoffbau- teiien mit Inserts, zum Beispiel aus Metall. Außerdem entsteht keine Kontaktkorrosion. The second section here advantageously forms an insert of fiber-reinforced plastics, for example as a pultruded component, positively and / or non-positively connected to the first section of base material, whose fibers are arranged mainly in one direction. This requires for the insert higher strength and higher load capacity in the loading direction relative to the carrier material of the first section. The inserts should be oriented in the base material so that the pressure load can be advantageously carried out in the fiber direction. By using the high strength and rigidity, as well as the low thermal expansion of the fiber in the longitudinal direction, a negative setting behavior is prevented. In addition, in order to prevent the transversal inserts from flowing, they may advantageously be wrapped or braided around the core of longitudinal filaments with continuous filaments. It is also a combination of different layers possible. The so-called cross-flow of the inserts is also advantageously prevented by appropriate embedding of the inserts in the first section, in which the fibers are selected so that a radial stability of the inserts is achieved. Diverse processing methods allow the designer to design optimal structures while reducing weight and costs. The fact that the insert, as the second section, and the first section, both made of plastic, they have substantially the same coefficient of thermal expansion, which significantly reduces the sensitivity of the component with respect to thermal cycling compared to plastic with inserts, for example made of metal. In addition, no contact corrosion.
Weitere vorteilhafte Ausführungsformen der Erfindung sehen bei ebenfalls vorstehenden Vorteilen vor, dass der zweite Abschnitt in einem Bereich des Bauteils angeordnet ist, in den wenigstens bei Betrieb Kräfte eingeleitet werden und/oder der wenigstens bei Betrieb größerer Belastung ausgesetzt ist als andere Bereiche des Bauteils. Dabei ist es vorteilhaft, wenn der zweite Abschnitt so im ersten Abschnitt eingelegt ist, dass der Kraftfluss von Stellen der Krafteinleitung zu Stellen der Kraftausleitung durch den zweiten Abschnitt geführt wird. Further advantageous embodiments of the invention, with likewise above-mentioned advantages, that the second section in a region of the Component is arranged, are introduced into the at least during operation forces and / or is exposed at least during operation greater load than other areas of the component. It is advantageous if the second section is inserted in the first section, that the power flow is conducted from points of introduction of force to points of Kraftausleitung through the second section.
Dabei ist es vorteilhaft, wenn der erste Abschnitt aus einem thermoplastischen oder duroplastischen Kunststoff, mit oder ohne Faserverstärkung, besteht und der zweite Abschnitt ein verstärkendes Insert aus einem faserverstärkten Kunststoff ist. Weiterhin ist es vorteilhaft, wenn die Faserverstärkung im zweiten Abschnitt gerichtet ist und sich in Richtung der Hauptbeanspruchung erstreckt. It is advantageous if the first section consists of a thermoplastic or thermosetting plastic, with or without fiber reinforcement, and the second section is a reinforcing insert of a fiber-reinforced plastic. Furthermore, it is advantageous if the fiber reinforcement is directed in the second section and extends in the direction of the main stress.
Insgesamt besteht dadurch die Möglichkeit, lediglich einzelne, beispielsweise besonders beanspruchte Bereiche aus einem unter Umständen teureren Verstärkungsmaterial zu fertigen, wohingegen die übrigen Bereiche aus einem kostengünstigen Basismaterial gefertigt werden können. Auf diese Weise können die Herstellungskosten eines Kunststoffbauteils trotz einer hohen Belastbarkeit niedrig gehalten werden. Es besteht die Möglichkeit, dass das Basismaterial dann aus einem thermoplastischen Kunststoff besteht oder einen thermoplastischen Kunststoff umfasst, was Kosten und Gewicht senkt. Da das insert ebenfalls aus, zum Beispiel carbonfaserverstärktem, Kunststoff besteht, ist die Verbindungsfestigkeit zwischen Insert und Basismaterial zuverlässig auf Dauer sichergestellt. Auch weil keine Probleme mit Korrosion auftreten können und weil das Temperaturverhalten keine Festsitzprobleme verursacht. Ein nicht unerheblicher Vorteil ist die Vereinfachung des Recyclings. Insgesamt ergibt sich somit ein Kunststoffbauteil, das die technischen Eigenschaften von faserverstärkten Kunststoffen mit einer kostengünstigen Herstellung kombiniert. Overall, this makes it possible to produce only individual, for example, particularly stressed areas of a possibly more expensive reinforcing material, whereas the remaining areas can be made of a low-cost base material. In this way, the manufacturing cost of a plastic component can be kept low despite a high load capacity. There is the possibility that the base material then consists of a thermoplastic material or comprises a thermoplastic material, which reduces costs and weight. Since the insert also consists of, for example carbon fiber reinforced, plastic, the connection strength between insert and base material is reliably ensured in the long term. Also because there are no problems with corrosion and because the temperature behavior does not cause sticking problems. A not inconsiderable advantage is the simplification of recycling. Overall, this results in a plastic component that combines the technical properties of fiber-reinforced plastics with a cost-effective production.
Nachfolgend wird der Aufbau dreier erfindungsgemäßer Bauteile, als Träger mit einer einzelnen Kraftanbindungsstelle ausgebildet, unter Bezugnahme auf die Zeichnung beschrieben. Des Weiteren sind in zwei Figuren Einzelheiten von eingebetteten Inserts dargestellt. Es zeigen: The construction of three components according to the invention, designed as carriers with a single force connection point, will be described below with reference to the drawing. Furthermore, details of embedded inserts are shown in two figures. Show it:
Figur 1 : einen Teilschnitt eines erfindungsgemäßen Trägers mit einer Kraftanbindungsstelle gemäß der Erfindung, 1 shows a partial section of a carrier according to the invention with a force connection point according to the invention,
Figur 2: einen weiteren Teilschnitt eines erfindungsgemäßen Trägers mit einer Kraftanbindungsstelle gemäß der Erfindung, FIG. 2 shows a further partial section of a carrier according to the invention with a force connection point according to the invention,
Figur 3: einen Teilschnitt eines erfindungsgemäßen Trägers mit einer Kraftanbindungsstelle gemäß der Erfindung, FIG. 3 shows a partial section of a carrier according to the invention with a force connection point according to the invention,
Figur 4: eine Formschlussverbindung eines erfindungsgemäßen Inserts im Basismaterial als Teilschnitt und Figure 4: a positive connection of an insert according to the invention in the base material as a partial section and
Figur 5: eine Formschlussverbindung eines weiteren erfindungsgemäßen Inserts im Basismaterial als Teilschnitt. Figure 5: a positive connection of another insert according to the invention in the base material as a partial section.
In den Figuren 1 bis 3 sind unterschiedliche erfindungsgemäße Bauteile, die Träger 1 ,2 3 teilweise dargestellt. Diese bestehen zu großen Teilen aus Basismaterial 1 ', 2', 3', also Kunststoff, der für jeden Träger 1 , 2, 3 verschieden sein kann. So ist das Basismaterial 1 ' für den Träger 1 ein kohlefaserverstärkter Duroplast, das Basismaterial 2' für den Träger 2 ein nicht verstärkter Thermoplast und das Basismaterial 3' für den Träger 3 ein glasfaserverstärkter Thermoplast. Lokal ist in diese Träger 1 , 2, 3 jeweils ein Insert 7, 8, 9 aus Verstärkungsmaterial eingebettet, wie zum Beispiel in den Figuren 4 und 5 vergrößert dargestellt, als Inserts 6, 16. Erste Abschnitte der Träger 1 , 2, 3, bzw. Bauteile 4, 5 bestehen also aus dem Basismaterial 1 ', 2', 3', 4', 5' und zweite Abschnitte der Träger 1 , 2, 3 bzw. Bauteile 4, 5 sind Inserts 6, 7, 8, 9, 16 bestehend aus dem Verstärkungsmaterial. Dieses besteht aus Faserverbundwerkstoff, dessen Kern 12 mittels eines kontinuierlich fortschreitenden Fertigungsverfahrens, der Pultrusion, hergestellt ist. Pultrusion (Faserziehen) ist ein Herstellverfahren für langfaserverstärkte Kunststoffbauteile. Dabei wird analog zum Strangpressen ein imprägniertes, textiles Halbzeug durch eine Matrix gezogen und dadurch konsolidiert. Es lassen sich mit diesem Verfahren sehr wirtschaftlich Profile gleichbleibender Qualität herstellen. Die Profile können eine gerade Auszugsrichtung oder eine konstante Krümmung aufweisen. Die Fasern sind dabei ausschließlich in Auszugsrichtung, das heißt Insertlängsrichtung, orientiert. Nachgeschaltet kommen in Figur 5 weitere Fertigungsverfahren, nämlich Pullwinding bzw. Pullbraiding bei der Herstellung des Inserts 6 zur Anwendung, bei denen der pultrudierte Kern 12 mit einem Fasergelege bzw. -gewebe 13 aus Langfasersträngen umwickelt wird, das so orientiert ist, dass sich eine Ausrichtung der Langfaserstränge in eine weitere Richtung ungleich der Insertlängsrichtung ergibt. Das Insert 16 ist so zweischichtig hergestellt, der erste innere Kern 12 durch Pultrusion und die zweite äußere Schicht aus Fasergelege bzw. -gewebe 13, durch Pullwinding bzw. Pullbraiding um den Kern 12 herum gewickelt. Ein solches gewichts- und festigkeitsoptimales Insert 16 aus anisotropem Faserverbund enthält vorteilhafterweise beträchtliche Anteile Faserverstärkung in Insertlängsrichtung. Die Querverstärkungen und Winkellagen der zweiten äußeren Schicht aus Fasergewebe 13 nehmen Querkräfte auf. In the figures 1 to 3 different components of the invention, the carrier 1, 2 3 are partially shown. These consist to a large extent of base material 1 ', 2', 3 ', ie plastic, which may be different for each carrier 1, 2, 3. Thus, the base material 1 'for the carrier 1 is a carbon fiber reinforced thermoset, the base material 2' for the carrier 2 is a non-reinforced thermoplastic and the base material 3 'for the carrier 3 is a glass fiber reinforced thermoplastic. Locally in these carriers 1, 2, 3 each have an insert 7, 8, 9 embedded from reinforcing material, as shown for example in Figures 4 and 5 enlarged, as inserts 6, 16. First sections of the carrier 1, 2, 3, or components 4, 5 thus consist of the base material 1 ', 2', 3 ', 4', 5 'and second portions of the carrier 1, 2, 3 or components 4, 5 are inserts 6, 7, 8, 9, 16 consisting of the reinforcing material. This is made of fiber composite whose core 12 is made by means of a continuously advancing manufacturing process, pultrusion. Pultrusion is a manufacturing process for long fiber reinforced plastic components. In this case, an impregnated, textile semifinished product is pulled through a matrix analogously to extrusion and thereby consolidated. It can be produced with this method very economical profiles consistent quality. The profiles may have a straight extension direction or a constant curvature. The fibers are oriented exclusively in the extension direction, that is insert longitudinal direction. Downstream come in Figure 5 further manufacturing processes, namely Pullwinding or Pullbraiding in the manufacture of the insert 6 are used, in which the pultruded core 12 is wrapped with a fiber fabric or fabric 13 of long fiber strands, which is oriented so that an orientation the long fiber strands in a further direction unequal to the Insertlängsrichtung results. The insert 16 is thus made in two layers, the first inner core 12 being wound by pultrusion and the second outer layer of fiber fabric 13 being pulled around the core 12 by pull-braiding. Such an optimal weight and strength insert 16 made of anisotropic fiber composite advantageously contains considerable amounts of fiber reinforcement in the insert longitudinal direction. The transverse reinforcements and angular positions of the second outer layer of fiber fabric 13 absorb lateral forces.
Die pultrudierten Inserts 6, 16 in den Figuren 4 und 5 sind eingebracht in Kunststoffbauteile 4, 5 aus Basismaterial 4', 5', verstärkt zum Beispiel mit gerichteten Fasern, schematisch angedeutet eingezeichnet durch parallel gezeichnete Linien 17, 18, in Richtung der Hauptbeanspruchung des Bau- teils 4, 5. Im Basismaterial 4', 5' ist die Faser hauptsächlich in einer Richtung angeordnet, der Richtung der parallel gezeichneten Linien 17, 18. Die pultrudierten Inserts 6, 16 sind dagegen so ausgerichtet, dass die Druckbelastung in deren Faserrichtung erfolgt. Durch die Nutzung der hohen Festigkeit- und Steifigkeiten, sowie der geringen Wärmeausdehnung der Faser in der Längsrichtung wird negatives Setzverhalten verhindert. Um das Fließen des Inserts 16 in Querrichtung zu verhindern, ist dieses um den Kern 12 aus längsangeordneten Fasern mit Endlosfasern 13 umwickelt. Ein Querfließen der Inserts 6, 16 wird auch durch deren Einbettung im Basismaterial 4', 5' verhindert, indem die Fasern so gewählt werden, dass eine radiale Stabilität der Inserts 6, 16 erreicht wird. Ein Formschluss der Inserts 6, 7, 8, 9, 16 im Basismaterial 1 ', 2', 3', 4', 5' in Umfangsrichtung kann ebenfalls durch die Formgebung der Inserts 6, 7, 8, 9, 16 erreicht werden, zum Beispiel durch einen ovalen Insert-Umfang oder durch ein nicht gezeichnetes gezahntes Insert-Umfangsprofil, das in der Art einer Wellen-Naben-Verbindung nach dem Stand der Technik mit dem Basismaterial V, 2', 3', 4', 5' verzahnt ist. The pultruded inserts 6, 16 in Figures 4 and 5 are incorporated in plastic components 4, 5 of base material 4 ', 5', reinforced for example with directed fibers, indicated schematically by parallel drawn lines 17, 18, in the direction of the main stress of Construction- 4, 5. In the base material 4 ', 5' the fiber is arranged mainly in one direction, the direction of the lines 17, 18 drawn in parallel. The pultruded inserts 6, 16, on the other hand, are oriented such that the pressure load is in their fiber direction. By using the high strength and stiffness, as well as the low thermal expansion of the fiber in the longitudinal direction, negative setting behavior is prevented. In order to prevent the transverse flow of the insert 16, this is wrapped around the core 12 of longitudinally arranged fibers with endless fibers 13. A transverse flow of the inserts 6, 16 is also prevented by their embedding in the base material 4 ', 5' by the fibers are chosen so that a radial stability of the inserts 6, 16 is achieved. A positive connection of the inserts 6, 7, 8, 9, 16 in the base material 1 ', 2', 3 ', 4', 5 'in the circumferential direction can also be achieved by the shape of the inserts 6, 7, 8, 9, 16, for example, by an oval insert circumference or by a not drawn toothed insert circumferential profile which meshes with the base material V, 2 ', 3', 4 ', 5' in the manner of a shaft-hub connection according to the prior art is.
Im Ausführungsbeispiel von Figur 3 ist noch aufgezeigt, dass Hohlräume 10 im ersten Abschnitt, zum Beispiel aufgrund von Wandstärkeänderungen zum Insert 9 hin, ebenfalls mit Kunststoff verfüllt sein können. In the embodiment of Figure 3 is still shown that cavities 10 in the first section, for example, due to changes in wall thickness to the insert 9 back, can also be filled with plastic.

Claims

Patentansprüche claims
1 . Bauteil (1 , 2, 3, 4, 5) für ein Kraftfahrzeug, umfassend mindestens einen ersten Abschnitt aus einem wenigstens aus Kunststoff bestehenden Basismaterial 2', 3', 4', 5') und mindestens einen zweiten Abschnitt aus einem Verstärkungsmaterial für das Basismaterial (1 ', 2', 3', 4', 5'), dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der zweite Abschnitt aus faserverstärktem Kunststoff besteht und form- und/oder kraftschlüssig mit dem ersten Abschnitt verbunden ist. 1 . Component (1, 2, 3, 4, 5) for a motor vehicle, comprising at least a first portion of a plastic material consisting of base material 2 ', 3', 4 ', 5') and at least a second portion of a reinforcing material for the Base material (1 ', 2', 3 ', 4', 5 '), characterized in that the second section consists of fiber-reinforced plastic and is positively and / or non-positively connected to the first section.
2. Bauteil (1 , 2, 3, 4, 5) nach Anspruch 1 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der zweite Abschnitt in einem Bereich des Bauteils (1 , 2, 3, 4, 5) angeordnet ist, in den wenigstens bei Betrieb Kräfte eingeleitet werden und/oder der wenigstens bei Betrieb größerer Belastung ausgesetzt ist als andere Bereiche des Bauteils(1 , 2, 3, 4, 5). Second component (1, 2, 3, 4, 5) according to claim 1, characterized in that the second portion in an area of the component (1, 2, 3, 4, 5) is arranged in the at least during operation forces be initiated and / or is exposed to at least during operation greater load than other areas of the component (1, 2, 3, 4, 5).
3. Bauteil (1 , 2, 3, 4, 5) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der zweite Abschnitt so im ersten Abschnitt eingelegt ist, dass der Kraftfluss von Stellen der Krafteinleitung zu Stellen der Kraftausleitung durch den zweiten Abschnitt geführt wird. 3. component (1, 2, 3, 4, 5) according to any one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the second portion is inserted in the first section, that the power flow from points of introduction of force to points of Kraftausleitung by the second Section is led.
4. Bauteil (1 , 2, 3, 4, 5) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch 4. component (1, 2, 3, 4, 5) according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized
gekennzeichnet, dass der erste Abschnitt aus einem thermoplastischen oder duroplastischen Kunststoff mit oder ohne Faserverstärkung besteht und dass der zweite Abschnitt ein verstärkendes Insert (6, 7, 8, 9, 16) aus einem faserverstärkten Kunststoff ist.  in that the first section consists of a thermoplastic or thermosetting plastic with or without fiber reinforcement, and in that the second section is a reinforcing insert (6, 7, 8, 9, 16) made of a fiber-reinforced plastic.
5. Bauteil (1 , 2, 3, 4, 5) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch 5. component (1, 2, 3, 4, 5) according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized
gekennzeichnet, dass die Faserverstärkung im zweiten Abschnitt gerichtet ist. characterized in that the fiber reinforcement is directed in the second section.
6. Bauteil (1 , 2, 3, 4, 5) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sich die Faserverstärkung im zweiten Abschnitt in Richtung des Kraftflusses der Hauptbeanspruchung erstreckt. 6. component (1, 2, 3, 4, 5) according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the fiber reinforcement extends in the second section in the direction of the force flow of the main stress.
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