WO2013159265A1 - Antimony-added high-tin bronze alloy rod for high-speed railway equipment and manufacturing method thereof - Google Patents

Antimony-added high-tin bronze alloy rod for high-speed railway equipment and manufacturing method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2013159265A1
WO2013159265A1 PCT/CN2012/001645 CN2012001645W WO2013159265A1 WO 2013159265 A1 WO2013159265 A1 WO 2013159265A1 CN 2012001645 W CN2012001645 W CN 2012001645W WO 2013159265 A1 WO2013159265 A1 WO 2013159265A1
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alloy
tin
alloy rod
speed railway
tin bronze
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PCT/CN2012/001645
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French (fr)
Chinese (zh)
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孙飞
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苏州金仓合金新材料有限公司
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
    • B22D11/001—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths of specific alloys
    • B22D11/004—Copper alloys
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
    • B22D11/04—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths into open-ended moulds
    • B22D11/045—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths into open-ended moulds for horizontal casting
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
    • C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C9/00—Alloys based on copper
    • C22C9/02—Alloys based on copper with tin as the next major constituent
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
    • C22F1/08—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of copper or alloys based thereon

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of alloy rods, and more particularly to a twisted high-tin bronze alloy for high-speed railway equipment, an alloy rod made of the alloy, and Production Method.
  • Tin bronze is the non-ferrous metal alloy with the smallest casting shrinkage. It is used to produce castings with complex shapes, clear outlines and low air tightness. Tin bronze is very resistant to corrosion in the atmosphere, sea water, fresh water and steam. Wear-resistant bushings, bushings, flanges and gears, especially for high-speed rail equipment. In order to improve the cutting performance of high-tin bronze alloy rods, lead elements are often added to the bars. The lead-added high-tin bronze alloy rods have high wear resistance and are easy to be machined, and are widely used. However, lead-containing high-tin bronze alloy rods will have an impact on the environment.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a tin bronze alloy rod for high-speed railway equipment which not only has environmental performance but also has a large improvement in hardness and wear resistance of the alloy.
  • the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: A high-speed railway equipment with a twisted high-tin bronze alloy, the alloy composition comprising bismuth, tin and copper, wherein the composition of each component of the alloy is by weight: ⁇ 1-3%, tin 8-10%, copper 87-91%. Further, the composition of each component of the alloy is by weight: ⁇ 1%, tin 8%, copper 91%.
  • composition of each component of the alloy is ⁇ 2%, tin 9%, and copper 89% by weight.
  • composition of each component of the alloy is by weight: ⁇ 3%, tin 10%, and copper 87%.
  • the invention relates to a method for manufacturing a high-speed railway equipment with a twisted high-tin bronze alloy rod, comprising the following steps: i. placing electrolytic copper, tin and antimony in a power frequency electric furnace according to a ratio, heating to 1200 ° C - 1250 ° C, completely melting After heat preservation to 1230 ° C; ii. Stir the above fully melted alloy liquid, and then cover the graphite powder thereon; iii. Reheat to 1350 ° C and vibrate, cast into a solid alloy bar by horizontal continuous casting; iv. Using a head machine to make one end of the alloy rod into a drawing section;
  • the head alloy rod is continuously drawn and cut with a drawing die, and then subjected to a low temperature annealing in a continuous annealing furnace;
  • the annealed alloy rod is cooled at room temperature and acid-washed in a sulfuric acid bath;
  • the graphite powder covered in the step ii. has a thickness of 15-25 mm.
  • step iii. includes a step of holding the alloy liquid for 25-30 minutes. Further, the annealing temperature in step v. is 400-450 °C.
  • step vi The concentration of sulfuric acid in the sulfuric acid pool is 15%.
  • the high-speed railway equipment provided by the invention uses a twisted high-tin bronze alloy and an alloy rod made of the alloy, and replaces the traditional lead element with a bismuth element, which not only improves the ring of the alloy and the alloy rod Guaranteed performance, and can greatly improve the alloy hardness of alloys and alloy rods, the alloy hardness from the original 70-80HBS to 110-120HBS, and can significantly improve its wear resistance.
  • DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more comprehensible, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the embodiments. It is understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
  • the invention provides a twisted high-tin bronze alloy for high-speed railway equipment, wherein the alloy component comprises bismuth, tin and copper, wherein the composition of each component of the alloy is respectively ⁇ 1-3%, tin 8-10 %, copper 87-91%.
  • a twisted high tin bronze alloy rod made of a twisted high tin bronze alloy for high speed railway equipment as described above, and a method of manufacturing the same, the method comprising the steps of:
  • Electrolytic copper, tin and antimony are placed in a power frequency electric furnace according to the ratio, heated to 1200 ° C to 1250 ° C, completely melted and then kept at 1230 ° C;
  • the head alloy rod is continuously drawn and cut with a drawing die, and then subjected to a low temperature annealing in a continuous annealing furnace;
  • the annealed alloy rod is cooled at room temperature and acid-washed in a sulfuric acid bath;
  • the thickness of the graphite powder covered in step ii. is 15-25 mm.
  • step iii. includes a step of holding the alloy liquid for 25-30 minutes.
  • the annealing temperature in step v. is 400-450 °C.
  • the concentration of sulfuric acid in the sulfuric acid pool in step vi. is 15%.
  • a high-speed railway equipment with a twisted high-tin bronze alloy and a twisted high-tin bronze alloy rod made of the alloy the composition of each component of the alloy is: ⁇ 1%, tin 8%, copper 91% .
  • the above method for manufacturing a high-speed railway equipment with a twisted high-tin bronze alloy rod includes the following steps:
  • the electrolytic copper, tin and antimony are placed in a power frequency electric furnace, heated to 1200 °C-1250 °C completely melted, and then kept to 1230 °C; Ii.
  • the fully melted alloy liquid is thoroughly stirred by a special graphite tool, and then covered with high-purity flaky graphite powder to prevent oxidation thereof.
  • the graphite powder has a thickness of about 15-25 mm ; iii.
  • the vibration frequency is 1 time/second, and casting into a solid alloy bar with an outer diameter of 45 mm and a length of 2000 mm by horizontal continuous casting method;
  • the head alloy rod is continuously stretched 2 times to 38 mm by a drawing die and cut into a head, and subjected to a low temperature annealing at 400-450 ° C in a continuous annealing furnace; Vi. The alloy rod of the annealed number is cooled at room temperature for 4-5 hours, and then pickled in a sulfuric acid pool having a concentration of 15%;
  • the above alloy rods are not only environmentally friendly, but their alloy hardness and wear resistance are greatly improved.
  • the alloy hardness of the conventional lead-added high-tin bronze alloy rod is 70-80HBS, and the friction coefficient ⁇ is 0.15-0.20.
  • the hardness of the alloy of the twisted high-tin bronze alloy rod of the present invention can be greatly increased to 115-120HBS. And with the increase of niobium content, the friction coefficient is continuously reduced to 0.10-0.13, which indicates that the wear resistance is also greatly improved.
  • the above method for manufacturing a high-speed railway equipment with a twisted high-tin bronze alloy rod includes the following steps:
  • tin 9%, copper 89% ratio, electrolytic copper, tin and antimony are placed in a power frequency electric furnace, heated to 1200 °C-1250 °C completely melted, and then kept to 1230 °C; Ii.
  • the fully melted alloy liquid is thoroughly stirred by a special graphite tool, and then covered with high-purity flaky graphite powder to prevent oxidation thereof, the graphite powder has a thickness of about 15-25 mm ;
  • the vibration frequency is 1 time/second.
  • the solid alloy with outer diameter of 45mm and length of 2000mm is cast by horizontal continuous casting method. Bar
  • the alloy rod of the annealed number is cooled at room temperature for 4-5 hours, and then pickled in a sulfuric acid bath having a concentration of 15%;
  • the above alloy rods are not only environmentally friendly, but their alloy hardness and wear resistance are greatly improved.
  • the alloy hardness of the conventional lead-added high-tin bronze alloy rod is 70-80HBS, and the friction coefficient ⁇ is 0.15-0.20.
  • the hardness of the alloy of the twisted high-tin bronze alloy rod of the present invention can be greatly increased to 115-120HBS. And with the increase of niobium content, the friction coefficient is continuously reduced to 0.10-0.13, which indicates that the wear resistance is also greatly improved.
  • a high-speed railway equipment with a twisted high-tin bronze alloy and a twisted high-tin bronze alloy rod made of the alloy the composition of each component of the alloy is ⁇ 3%, tin 10%, copper 87% .
  • the above method for manufacturing a high-speed railway equipment with a twisted high-tin bronze alloy rod includes the following steps:
  • tin 10%, copper 87% ratio, electrolytic copper, tin and antimony are placed in a power frequency electric furnace, heated to 1200 °C-1250 °C to completely melt, and then kept to 1230 °C ;
  • the fully melted alloy liquid is thoroughly stirred by a special graphite tool, and then covered with high-purity flaky graphite powder to prevent oxidation thereof, the graphite powder has a thickness of about 15-25 mm ;
  • the head alloy rod is continuously stretched 2 times to 38 mm by a drawing die and cut into a head, and subjected to a low-temperature annealing at 400-450 ° C in a continuous annealing furnace;
  • the alloy rod of the annealed number is cooled at room temperature for 4-5 hours, and then pickled in a sulfuric acid bath having a concentration of 15%;
  • the above alloy rods are not only environmentally friendly, but their alloy hardness and wear resistance are greatly improved.
  • the alloy hardness of the conventional lead-added high-tin bronze alloy rod is 70-80HBS, and the friction coefficient ⁇ is 0.15-0.20.
  • the hardness of the alloy of the twisted high-tin bronze alloy rod of the present invention can be greatly increased to 115-120HBS. And with the increase of niobium content, the friction coefficient is continuously reduced to 0.10-0.13, which indicates that the wear resistance is also greatly improved.
  • the above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention; the invention is modified or equivalently substituted without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Within the scope of protection.

Abstract

An antimony-added high-tin bronze alloy for high-speed railway equipment and an antimony-added high-tin bronze alloy rod made of the alloy. The alloy components comprise antimony, tin and copper. The components of the alloy are as follows by weight percentage: 1-3% of the antimony, 8-10% of the tin and 87-91% of the copper. According to the antimony-added high-tin bronze alloy for high-speed railway equipment and the alloy rod made of the alloy, the conventional lead element is replaced with the antimony element, so that the environmentally-friendly performance, the wear resistance and the hardness can be improved.

Description

高速铁路装备用加锑高锡青铜合金棒及其制作方法 技术领域 本发明涉及合金棒材领域， 尤其涉及一种高速铁路装备用加锑高锡青 铜合金、 由该合金制成的合金棒及其制作方法。  BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to the field of alloy rods, and more particularly to a twisted high-tin bronze alloy for high-speed railway equipment, an alloy rod made of the alloy, and Production Method.
说  Say
背景技术 Background technique
书  Book
锡青铜是铸造收缩率最小的有色金属合金， 用来生产形状复杂、 轮廓 清晰、 气密性要求不高的铸件， 锡青铜在大气、 海水、 淡水和蒸汽中十分 耐蚀， 广泛应用于各类耐磨轴瓦、 轴套、 法兰及齿轮等方面， 尤其用于高 速铁路装备。 为了提升高锡青铜合金棒的易切削性能， 往往在棒料中添加 铅元素， 加铅后的高锡青铜合金棒具有高的耐磨性并易切削加工， 被广泛 使用。 然而， 含铅高锡青铜合金棒会对环境造成影响， 随着人们环保意识 的不断提高， 含铅元素的青铜合金棒已不能满足国内外高端市场的要求， 尤其不能满足我国快速发展的高速铁路装备的要求。 另外， 随着工业的发 展， 锡青铜的合金硬度需进一步提高。 发明内容 本发明的目的是提供一种不仅具有环保性能， 而且合金硬度及耐磨性 都有较大提高的高速铁路装备用锡青铜合金棒。 为了达到上述目的， 本发明采用如下技术方案： 一种高速铁路装备用加锑高锡青铜合金， 该合金组分中包含锑、 锡和 铜， 其中合金各组分组成按重量百分比分别为： 锑 1-3%, 锡 8-10%, 铜 87-91%。 进一步地， 合金各组分组成按重量百分比分别为： 锑 1%， 锡 8%， 铜 91%。 Tin bronze is the non-ferrous metal alloy with the smallest casting shrinkage. It is used to produce castings with complex shapes, clear outlines and low air tightness. Tin bronze is very resistant to corrosion in the atmosphere, sea water, fresh water and steam. Wear-resistant bushings, bushings, flanges and gears, especially for high-speed rail equipment. In order to improve the cutting performance of high-tin bronze alloy rods, lead elements are often added to the bars. The lead-added high-tin bronze alloy rods have high wear resistance and are easy to be machined, and are widely used. However, lead-containing high-tin bronze alloy rods will have an impact on the environment. As people's environmental awareness continues to increase, the lead-containing bronze alloy rods can no longer meet the requirements of high-end markets at home and abroad, especially the rapid development of high-speed railways in China. Equipment requirements. In addition, with the development of industry, the hardness of tin bronze alloy needs to be further improved. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide a tin bronze alloy rod for high-speed railway equipment which not only has environmental performance but also has a large improvement in hardness and wear resistance of the alloy. In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: A high-speed railway equipment with a twisted high-tin bronze alloy, the alloy composition comprising bismuth, tin and copper, wherein the composition of each component of the alloy is by weight: 锑1-3%, tin 8-10%, copper 87-91%. Further, the composition of each component of the alloy is by weight: 锑1%, tin 8%, copper 91%.
进一步地， 合金各组分组成按重量百分比分别为： 锑 2%， 锡 9%， 铜 89%。  Further, the composition of each component of the alloy is 锑 2%, tin 9%, and copper 89% by weight.
进一步地， 合金各组分组成按重量百分比分别为： 锑 3%， 锡 10%, 铜 87%。  Further, the composition of each component of the alloy is by weight: 锑 3%, tin 10%, and copper 87%.
一种高速铁路装备用加锑高锡青铜合金棒， 由任一前述的合金制成。 一种高速铁路装备用加锑高锡青铜合金棒制作方法， 包括以下步骤： i. 按配比将电解铜、 锡、 锑置于工频电炉内， 加热至 1200°C-1250°C， 完全熔化后保温至 1230°C ; ii. 搅拌上述完全熔化的合金液体， 后在其上面覆盖石墨粉； iii. 重新加热至 1350°C并振动，采用水平连铸法铸造成实心合金棒材; iv. 用制头机将合金棒材的一端制成拉拔段；  A high-speed railway equipment with a twisted high-tin bronze alloy rod made of any of the foregoing alloys. The invention relates to a method for manufacturing a high-speed railway equipment with a twisted high-tin bronze alloy rod, comprising the following steps: i. placing electrolytic copper, tin and antimony in a power frequency electric furnace according to a ratio, heating to 1200 ° C - 1250 ° C, completely melting After heat preservation to 1230 ° C; ii. Stir the above fully melted alloy liquid, and then cover the graphite powder thereon; iii. Reheat to 1350 ° C and vibrate, cast into a solid alloy bar by horizontal continuous casting; iv. Using a head machine to make one end of the alloy rod into a drawing section;
v. 将经制头的合金棒用拉伸模连续拉伸并切头，后采用连续式退火炉 低温退火；  v. The head alloy rod is continuously drawn and cut with a drawing die, and then subjected to a low temperature annealing in a continuous annealing furnace;
vi. 将经退火的合金棒在常温下冷却， 放入硫酸池中酸洗；  Vi. The annealed alloy rod is cooled at room temperature and acid-washed in a sulfuric acid bath;
vii. 再次制头、 连续拉伸并切头， 用钨钢剥皮模将合金棒剥皮后再次 退火；  Vii. Re-heading, continuous stretching and cutting, and peeling the alloy rod with a tungsten steel stripping die and annealing again;
viii. 用成品模将合金棒拉伸至成品。  Viii. Extrude the alloy rod to the finished product with a finished mold.
进一步地， 步骤 ii. 中覆盖的石墨粉厚度为 15-25mm。  Further, the graphite powder covered in the step ii. has a thickness of 15-25 mm.
进一步地， 步骤 iii. 之前还包括对合金液体保温 25-30分钟的步骤。 进一步地， 步骤 v. 中退火温度为 400-450°C。  Further, step iii. includes a step of holding the alloy liquid for 25-30 minutes. Further, the annealing temperature in step v. is 400-450 °C.
进一步地， 步骤 vi. 中硫酸池中硫酸浓度为 15%。  Further, step vi. The concentration of sulfuric acid in the sulfuric acid pool is 15%.
本发明的优点及有益效果：  Advantages and advantages of the present invention:
本发明提供的高速铁路装备用加锑高锡青铜合金及由该合金制成的 合金棒， 将传统的铅元素替换为锑元素， 不仅提高了该合金及合金棒的环 保性能， 而且能够大大提高合金及合金棒的合金硬度， 将合金硬度由原来 的 70-80HBS提升至 110-120HBS, 并能明显改善其耐磨性。 具体实施方式 为了使本发明的目的、 技术方案及优点更加清楚明白， 下面结合实施 例， 对本发明进行进一步详细说明。 应当理解， 此处所描述的具体实施例 仅用以解释本发明， 并不用于限定本发明。 The high-speed railway equipment provided by the invention uses a twisted high-tin bronze alloy and an alloy rod made of the alloy, and replaces the traditional lead element with a bismuth element, which not only improves the ring of the alloy and the alloy rod Guaranteed performance, and can greatly improve the alloy hardness of alloys and alloy rods, the alloy hardness from the original 70-80HBS to 110-120HBS, and can significantly improve its wear resistance. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more comprehensible, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the embodiments. It is understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
本发明提供一种高速铁路装备用加锑高锡青铜合金， 该合金组分中包 含锑、 锡和铜， 其中合金各组分组成按重量百分比分别为： 锑 1-3%, 锡 8-10%, 铜 87-91%。 还提供一种由以上所述高速铁路装备用加锑高锡青铜合金制成的加 锑高锡青铜合金棒及其制作方法， 该方法包括以下步骤：  The invention provides a twisted high-tin bronze alloy for high-speed railway equipment, wherein the alloy component comprises bismuth, tin and copper, wherein the composition of each component of the alloy is respectively 重量1-3%, tin 8-10 %, copper 87-91%. There is also provided a twisted high tin bronze alloy rod made of a twisted high tin bronze alloy for high speed railway equipment as described above, and a method of manufacturing the same, the method comprising the steps of:
i. 按配比将电解铜、锡、锑置于工频电炉内， 加热至 1200°C-1250°C， 完全熔化后保温至 1230°C ;  i. Electrolytic copper, tin and antimony are placed in a power frequency electric furnace according to the ratio, heated to 1200 ° C to 1250 ° C, completely melted and then kept at 1230 ° C;
ii. 搅拌上述完全熔化的合金液体， 后在其上面覆盖石墨粉； iii. 重新加热至 1350°C并振动，采用水平连铸法铸造成实心合金棒材； iv. 用制头机将合金棒材的一端制成拉拔段；  Ii. stirring the above fully molten alloy liquid, and then covering the graphite powder thereon; iii. reheating to 1350 ° C and vibrating, casting into a solid alloy bar by horizontal continuous casting; iv. using a head machine to alloy the rod One end of the material is made into a drawing section;
v. 将经制头的合金棒用拉伸模连续拉伸并切头，后采用连续式退火炉 低温退火；  v. The head alloy rod is continuously drawn and cut with a drawing die, and then subjected to a low temperature annealing in a continuous annealing furnace;
vi. 将经退火的合金棒在常温下冷却， 放入硫酸池中酸洗；  Vi. The annealed alloy rod is cooled at room temperature and acid-washed in a sulfuric acid bath;
vii. 再次制头、 连续拉伸并切头， 用钨钢剥皮模将合金棒剥皮后再次 退火；  Vii. Re-heading, continuous stretching and cutting, and peeling the alloy rod with a tungsten steel stripping die and annealing again;
viii. 用成品模将合金棒拉伸至成品。  Viii. Extrude the alloy rod to the finished product with a finished mold.
其中， 步骤 ii. 中覆盖的石墨粉厚度为 15-25mm。  Wherein, the thickness of the graphite powder covered in step ii. is 15-25 mm.
其中， 步骤 iii. 之前还包括对合金液体保温 25-30分钟的步骤。  Wherein, step iii. includes a step of holding the alloy liquid for 25-30 minutes.
其中， 步骤 v. 中退火温度为 400-450 °C。 其中， 步骤 vi. 中硫酸池中硫酸浓度为 15%。 与传统加铅高锡青铜合金棒相比， 本发明中锑的含量与加锑高锡青铜 合金棒合金硬度及耐磨性改善关系的试验数据如下表所示： Wherein, the annealing temperature in step v. is 400-450 °C. Wherein, the concentration of sulfuric acid in the sulfuric acid pool in step vi. is 15%. Compared with the conventional lead-added high-tin bronze alloy rod, the test data of the relationship between the content of niobium in the present invention and the hardness and wear resistance of the twisted high-tin bronze alloy bar alloy are shown in the following table:
表 1  Table 1
Figure imgf000005_0001
Figure imgf000005_0001
实施例 1  Example 1
一种高速铁路装备用加锑高锡青铜合金及由该合金制成的加锑高锡 青铜合金棒， 该合金各组分组成按重量百分比分别为： 锑 1%， 锡 8%， 铜 91%。  A high-speed railway equipment with a twisted high-tin bronze alloy and a twisted high-tin bronze alloy rod made of the alloy, the composition of each component of the alloy is: 锑1%, tin 8%, copper 91% .
上述高速铁路装备用加锑高锡青铜合金棒的制作方法， 包括以下步 骤：  The above method for manufacturing a high-speed railway equipment with a twisted high-tin bronze alloy rod includes the following steps:
i. 按照锑 1%， 锡 8%， 铜 91%的配比将电解铜、 锡、锑置于工频电炉 内， 加热至 1200°C-1250°C完全熔化， 然后保温至 1230°C ; ii. 采用特制石墨工具将完全熔化的合金液体充分搅拌，后在其上面覆 盖高纯度鳞片状石墨粉以防止其氧化， 该石墨粉厚度约为 15-25mm; iii. 保温 25-30分钟后， 重新升温至 1350度， 并开启工频电炉的振动 装置， 振动频率为 1次 /秒， 采用水平连铸方法铸造成外径为 45mm， 长度 为 2000mm的实心合金棒材； i. According to 锑1%, tin 8%, copper 91% ratio, the electrolytic copper, tin and antimony are placed in a power frequency electric furnace, heated to 1200 °C-1250 °C completely melted, and then kept to 1230 °C; Ii. The fully melted alloy liquid is thoroughly stirred by a special graphite tool, and then covered with high-purity flaky graphite powder to prevent oxidation thereof. The graphite powder has a thickness of about 15-25 mm ; iii. After 25-30 minutes of incubation, Reheating to 1350 degrees, and turning on the vibration device of the power frequency electric furnace, the vibration frequency is 1 time/second, and casting into a solid alloy bar with an outer diameter of 45 mm and a length of 2000 mm by horizontal continuous casting method;
iv. 用制头机将合金棒的一端制成长度为 100mm, 直径为 25mm的拉 拔段；  Iv. Using the head machine to make one end of the alloy rod into a drawing section with a length of 100 mm and a diameter of 25 mm;
v. 将制头好的合金棒用拉伸模连续拉伸 2次至 38mm并切头，采用连 续式退火炉进行 400-450°C的低温退火； vi. 将退火号的合金棒在常温下冷却 4-5小时， 后放入浓度为 15%的 硫酸池中酸洗； v. The head alloy rod is continuously stretched 2 times to 38 mm by a drawing die and cut into a head, and subjected to a low temperature annealing at 400-450 ° C in a continuous annealing furnace; Vi. The alloy rod of the annealed number is cooled at room temperature for 4-5 hours, and then pickled in a sulfuric acid pool having a concentration of 15%;
vii. 再次制头并用拉伸模将合金棒连续两次拉伸至 32mm并切头， 用 高精度钨钢剥皮模将合金棒剥皮至 31mm后再次退火；  Vii. Re-heading and stretching the alloy rod twice to 32 mm with a drawing die and cutting the head, peeling the alloy rod to 31 mm with a high-precision tungsten steel stripping die and annealing again;
viii. 用成品模将合金棒最后拉伸至 30mm， 公差为 +/-0.05mm， 长度 定尺为 1000mm, 公差为 +/-10mm; ix. 包装并入库。  Viii. Finally stretch the alloy rod to 30mm with a finished die with a tolerance of +/-0.05mm, a length of 1000mm, and a tolerance of +/-10mm; ix. The package is incorporated into the library.
经过试验， 以上所述合金棒不仅环保， 其合金硬度及耐磨性均得到大 幅提高。如表 1所示，传统加铅高锡青铜合金棒的合金硬度为 70~80HBS， 摩擦系数 μ为 0.15~0.20， 本发明加锑高锡青铜合金棒的合金硬度可以大 幅提升至 115~120HBS， 且随着锑含量的增加， 其摩擦系数不断减小至 0.10-0.13 , 表明其耐磨性能也相应有较大提高。  After testing, the above alloy rods are not only environmentally friendly, but their alloy hardness and wear resistance are greatly improved. As shown in Table 1, the alloy hardness of the conventional lead-added high-tin bronze alloy rod is 70-80HBS, and the friction coefficient μ is 0.15-0.20. The hardness of the alloy of the twisted high-tin bronze alloy rod of the present invention can be greatly increased to 115-120HBS. And with the increase of niobium content, the friction coefficient is continuously reduced to 0.10-0.13, which indicates that the wear resistance is also greatly improved.
实施例 2  Example 2
一种高速铁路装备用加锑高锡青铜合金及由该合金制成的加锑高锡 青铜合金棒， 该合金各组分组成按重量百分比分别为： 锑 2%， 锡 9%， 铜 89%。  A high-speed railway equipment with a twisted high-tin bronze alloy and a twisted high-tin bronze alloy rod made of the alloy, the composition of each component of the alloy is 锑2%, tin 9%, copper 89% .
上述高速铁路装备用加锑高锡青铜合金棒的制作方法， 包括以下步 骤：  The above method for manufacturing a high-speed railway equipment with a twisted high-tin bronze alloy rod includes the following steps:
i. 按照锑 2%， 锡 9%， 铜 89%的配比将电解铜、 锡、锑置于工频电炉 内， 加热至 1200°C-1250°C完全熔化， 然后保温至 1230°C ; ii. 采用特制石墨工具将完全熔化的合金液体充分搅拌，后在其上面覆 盖高纯度鳞片状石墨粉以防止其氧化， 该石墨粉厚度约为 15-25mm; i. According to 锑2%, tin 9%, copper 89% ratio, electrolytic copper, tin and antimony are placed in a power frequency electric furnace, heated to 1200 °C-1250 °C completely melted, and then kept to 1230 °C; Ii. The fully melted alloy liquid is thoroughly stirred by a special graphite tool, and then covered with high-purity flaky graphite powder to prevent oxidation thereof, the graphite powder has a thickness of about 15-25 mm ;
iii. 保温 25-30分钟后， 重新升温至 1350度， 并开启工频电炉的振动 装置， 振动频率为 1次 /秒， 采用水平连铸方法铸造成外径为 45mm， 长度 为 2000mm的实心合金棒材；  Iii. After 25-30 minutes of heat preservation, reheat to 1350 degrees, and turn on the vibration device of the power frequency electric furnace. The vibration frequency is 1 time/second. The solid alloy with outer diameter of 45mm and length of 2000mm is cast by horizontal continuous casting method. Bar
iv. 用制头机将合金棒的一端制成长度为 100mm, 直径为 25mm的拉 拔段； v. 将制头好的合金棒用拉伸模连续拉伸 2次至 38mm并切头，采用连 续式退火炉进行 400-450°C的低温退火； Iv. Using the head machine to make one end of the alloy rod into a drawing section having a length of 100 mm and a diameter of 25 mm; v. The head alloy rod is continuously stretched 2 times to 38 mm by a drawing die and cut into a head, and subjected to a low temperature annealing at 400-450 ° C in a continuous annealing furnace;
vi. 将退火号的合金棒在常温下冷却 4-5小时， 后放入浓度为 15%的 硫酸池中酸洗；  Vi. The alloy rod of the annealed number is cooled at room temperature for 4-5 hours, and then pickled in a sulfuric acid bath having a concentration of 15%;
vii. 再次制头并用拉伸模将合金棒连续两次拉伸至 32mm并切头， 用 高精度钨钢剥皮模将合金棒剥皮至 31mm后再次退火；  Vii. Re-heading and stretching the alloy rod twice to 32 mm with a drawing die and cutting the head, peeling the alloy rod to 31 mm with a high-precision tungsten steel stripping die and annealing again;
viii. 用成品模将合金棒最后拉伸至 30mm， 公差为 +/-0.05mm， 长度 定尺为 1000mm, 公差为 +/-10mm; ix. 包装并入库。  Viii. Finally stretch the alloy rod to 30mm with a finished die with a tolerance of +/-0.05mm, a length of 1000mm, and a tolerance of +/-10mm; ix. The package is incorporated into the library.
经过试验， 以上所述合金棒不仅环保， 其合金硬度及耐磨性均得到大 幅提高。如表 1所示，传统加铅高锡青铜合金棒的合金硬度为 70~80HBS， 摩擦系数 μ为 0.15~0.20， 本发明加锑高锡青铜合金棒的合金硬度可以大 幅提升至 115~120HBS， 且随着锑含量的增加， 其摩擦系数不断减小至 0.10-0.13 , 表明其耐磨性能也相应有较大提高。  After testing, the above alloy rods are not only environmentally friendly, but their alloy hardness and wear resistance are greatly improved. As shown in Table 1, the alloy hardness of the conventional lead-added high-tin bronze alloy rod is 70-80HBS, and the friction coefficient μ is 0.15-0.20. The hardness of the alloy of the twisted high-tin bronze alloy rod of the present invention can be greatly increased to 115-120HBS. And with the increase of niobium content, the friction coefficient is continuously reduced to 0.10-0.13, which indicates that the wear resistance is also greatly improved.
实施例 3  Example 3
一种高速铁路装备用加锑高锡青铜合金及由该合金制成的加锑高锡 青铜合金棒， 该合金各组分组成按重量百分比分别为： 锑 3%， 锡 10%, 铜 87%。  A high-speed railway equipment with a twisted high-tin bronze alloy and a twisted high-tin bronze alloy rod made of the alloy, the composition of each component of the alloy is 锑3%, tin 10%, copper 87% .
上述高速铁路装备用加锑高锡青铜合金棒的制作方法， 包括以下步 骤：  The above method for manufacturing a high-speed railway equipment with a twisted high-tin bronze alloy rod includes the following steps:
i. 按照锑 3%， 锡 10%, 铜 87%的配比将电解铜、 锡、 锑置于工频电 炉内， 加热至 1200°C-1250°C完全熔化， 然后保温至 1230°C ; ii. 采用特制石墨工具将完全熔化的合金液体充分搅拌，后在其上面覆 盖高纯度鳞片状石墨粉以防止其氧化， 该石墨粉厚度约为 15-25mm; i. According to 锑3%, tin 10%, copper 87% ratio, electrolytic copper, tin and antimony are placed in a power frequency electric furnace, heated to 1200 °C-1250 °C to completely melt, and then kept to 1230 °C ; Ii. The fully melted alloy liquid is thoroughly stirred by a special graphite tool, and then covered with high-purity flaky graphite powder to prevent oxidation thereof, the graphite powder has a thickness of about 15-25 mm ;
iii. 保温 25-30分钟后， 重新升温至 1350度， 并开启工频电炉的振动 装置， 振动频率为 1次 /秒， 采用水平连铸方法铸造成外径为 45mm， 长度 为 2000mm的实心合金棒材； iv. 用制头机将合金棒的一端制成长度为 100mm, 直径为 25mm的拉 拔段； Iii. After 25-30 minutes of heat preservation, reheat to 1350 degrees, and turn on the vibration device of the power frequency electric furnace. The vibration frequency is 1 time/second. The solid alloy with outer diameter of 45mm and length of 2000mm is cast by horizontal continuous casting method. Bar Iv. Using the head machine to make one end of the alloy rod into a drawing section having a length of 100 mm and a diameter of 25 mm;
v. 将制头好的合金棒用拉伸模连续拉伸 2次至 38mm并切头，采用连 续式退火炉进行 400-450°C的低温退火；  v. The head alloy rod is continuously stretched 2 times to 38 mm by a drawing die and cut into a head, and subjected to a low-temperature annealing at 400-450 ° C in a continuous annealing furnace;
vi. 将退火号的合金棒在常温下冷却 4-5小时， 后放入浓度为 15%的 硫酸池中酸洗；  Vi. The alloy rod of the annealed number is cooled at room temperature for 4-5 hours, and then pickled in a sulfuric acid bath having a concentration of 15%;
vii. 再次制头并用拉伸模将合金棒连续两次拉伸至 32mm并切头， 用 高精度钨钢剥皮模将合金棒剥皮至 31mm后再次退火；  Vii. Re-heading and stretching the alloy rod twice to 32 mm with a drawing die and cutting the head, peeling the alloy rod to 31 mm with a high-precision tungsten steel stripping die and annealing again;
viii. 用成品模将合金棒最后拉伸至 30mm， 公差为 +/-0.05mm， 长度 定尺为 1000mm, 公差为 +/-10mm; ix. 包装并入库。  Viii. Finally stretch the alloy rod to 30mm with a finished die with a tolerance of +/-0.05mm, a length of 1000mm, and a tolerance of +/-10mm; ix. The package is incorporated into the library.
经过试验， 以上所述合金棒不仅环保， 其合金硬度及耐磨性均得到大 幅提高。如表 1所示，传统加铅高锡青铜合金棒的合金硬度为 70~80HBS， 摩擦系数 μ为 0.15~0.20， 本发明加锑高锡青铜合金棒的合金硬度可以大 幅提升至 115~120HBS， 且随着锑含量的增加， 其摩擦系数不断减小至 0.10-0.13 , 表明其耐磨性能也相应有较大提高。 以上所述仅为本发明的较 佳实施例， 并非用来限定本发明的实施范围； 如果不脱离本发明的精神和 范围， 对本发明进行修改或者等同替换， 均应涵盖在本发明权利要求的保 护范围当中。  After testing, the above alloy rods are not only environmentally friendly, but their alloy hardness and wear resistance are greatly improved. As shown in Table 1, the alloy hardness of the conventional lead-added high-tin bronze alloy rod is 70-80HBS, and the friction coefficient μ is 0.15-0.20. The hardness of the alloy of the twisted high-tin bronze alloy rod of the present invention can be greatly increased to 115-120HBS. And with the increase of niobium content, the friction coefficient is continuously reduced to 0.10-0.13, which indicates that the wear resistance is also greatly improved. The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention; the invention is modified or equivalently substituted without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Within the scope of protection.

Claims

权 利 要 求 书 12P99662-PCT Claim 12P99662-PCT
1. 一种高速铁路装备用加锑高锡青铜合金，其特征在于，该合金组分 中包含锑、 锡和铜， 其中合金各组分组成按重量百分比分别为： 锑 1-3%, % 8-10%, 铜 87-91%。 A high-speed railway equipment with a twisted high-tin bronze alloy, characterized in that the alloy component comprises bismuth, tin and copper, wherein the composition of each component of the alloy is by weight: 锑1-3%, % 8-10%, copper 87-91%.
2. 根据权利要求 1所述的高速铁路装备用加锑高锡青铜合金，其特征 在于， 合金各组分组成按重量百分比分别为： 锑 1%， 锡 8%， 铜 91%。 2. The twisted high tin bronze alloy for high speed railway equipment according to claim 1, wherein the composition of each component of the alloy is 锑 1%, tin 8%, and copper 91% by weight.
3. 根据权利要求 1所述的高速铁路装备用加锑高锡青铜合金，其特征 在于， 合金各组分组成按重量百分比分别为： 锑 2%， 锡 9%， 铜 89%。  The twisted high tin bronze alloy for high-speed railway equipment according to claim 1, wherein the composition of each component of the alloy is 锑 2%, tin 9%, and copper 89% by weight.
4. 根据权利要求 1所述的高速铁路装备用加锑高锡青铜合金，其特征 在于， 合金各组分组成按重量百分比分别为： 锑 3%， 锡 10%, 铜 87%。  The twisted high-tin bronze alloy for high-speed railway equipment according to claim 1, wherein the composition of each component of the alloy is 3% by weight, 3% by weight, and 87% by weight of copper.
5. —种高速铁路装备用加锑高锡青铜合金棒，其特征在于，其由任一 前述权利要求的合金构成。  5. A twisted high tin bronze alloy rod for high speed railway equipment, characterized in that it consists of the alloy of any of the preceding claims.
6. 一种权利要求 5 所述的高速铁路装备用加锑高锡青铜合金棒制作 方法， 其特征在于， 包括以下步骤：  6. A method of manufacturing a twisted high tin bronze alloy rod for high speed railway equipment according to claim 5, comprising the steps of:
i. 按配比将电解铜、 锡、 锑置于工频电炉内， 加热至 1200°C-1250°C， 完全熔化后保温至 1230°C ; ii. 搅拌上述完全熔化的合金液体， 后在其上面覆盖石墨粉；  i. Place electrolytic copper, tin and antimony in a power frequency electric furnace according to the ratio, heat to 1200 °C-1250 °C, completely melt and then keep warm to 1230 °C; ii. stir the above fully melted alloy liquid, then in it Covering graphite powder above;
iii. 重新加热至 1350°C并振动，采用水平连铸法铸造成实心合金棒材； iv. 用制头机将合金棒材的一端制成拉拔段；  Iii. Reheating to 1350 ° C and vibrating, casting into a solid alloy bar by horizontal continuous casting; iv. Using a head machine to make one end of the alloy bar into a drawing section;
v. 将经制头的合金棒用拉伸模连续拉伸并切头，后采用连续式退火炉 低温退火；  v. The head alloy rod is continuously drawn and cut with a drawing die, and then subjected to a low temperature annealing in a continuous annealing furnace;
vi. 将经退火的合金棒在常温下冷却， 放入硫酸池中酸洗；  Vi. The annealed alloy rod is cooled at room temperature and acid-washed in a sulfuric acid bath;
vii. 再次制头、 连续拉伸并切头， 用钨钢剥皮模将合金棒剥皮后再次 退火；  Vii. Re-heading, continuous stretching and cutting, and peeling the alloy rod with a tungsten steel stripping die and annealing again;
viii. 用成品模将合金棒拉伸至成品。 Viii. Extrude the alloy rod to the finished product with a finished mold.
7. 根据权利要求 6所述的合金棒制作方法， 其特征在于， 覆盖的石墨粉厚度为 15-25mm。 The method of manufacturing an alloy rod according to claim 6, wherein the covered graphite powder has a thickness of 15 to 25 mm.
8. 根据权利要求 6所述的合金棒制作方法， 其特征在于， 前还包括对合金液体保温 25-30分钟的步骤。  8. The method of manufacturing an alloy rod according to claim 6, further comprising the step of holding the alloy liquid for 25-30 minutes.
9. 根据权利要求 6所述的合金棒制作方法， 其特征在于， 退火温度为 400-450 °C。  The method of producing an alloy rod according to claim 6, wherein the annealing temperature is 400 to 450 °C.
10. 根据权利要求 6所述的合金棒制作方法，其特征在于， 硫酸池中硫酸浓度为 15%。  The method of producing an alloy rod according to claim 6, wherein the sulfuric acid pool has a sulfuric acid concentration of 15%.
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