WO2014043837A1 - Lead-free, environmentally-friendly, high-strength, wear-resistant, copper-based novel alloy bar and manufacturing method thereof - Google Patents
Lead-free, environmentally-friendly, high-strength, wear-resistant, copper-based novel alloy bar and manufacturing method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- WO2014043837A1 WO2014043837A1 PCT/CN2012/001648 CN2012001648W WO2014043837A1 WO 2014043837 A1 WO2014043837 A1 WO 2014043837A1 CN 2012001648 W CN2012001648 W CN 2012001648W WO 2014043837 A1 WO2014043837 A1 WO 2014043837A1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C9/00—Alloys based on copper
- C22C9/02—Alloys based on copper with tin as the next major constituent
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C9/00—Alloys based on copper
- C22C9/04—Alloys based on copper with zinc as the next major constituent
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C9/00—Alloys based on copper
- C22C9/05—Alloys based on copper with manganese as the next major constituent
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/08—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of copper or alloys based thereon
Abstract
A lead-free, environmentally-friendly, high-strength, wear-resistant, copper-based alloy bar, consisting of the following components by weight percent: 1%-3% of manganese, 2%-4% of tin, 0.01%-0.5% of phosphorus, 1.5%-4.5% of zinc and the balance being copper. The copper-based alloy bar has the abrasion resistance property of a conventional lead-bronze alloy, and can be used for hot machining, thus having better machinability than the conventional lead-bronze alloy.
Description
一种无铅环保高强度耐磨铜基新型合金棒及其制备方法 技术领域 本发明涉及合金棒生产领域，特别是涉及一种具有较高耐磨性和良好 的可加工性的无铅环保高强度耐磨铜基新型合金棒， 以及这种合金棒的制 备方法。 背景技术 含铅的锡青铜因其具有较高的耐摩性和良好的可加工性， 易于焊接和 纤焊， 在大气和淡水中具有良好耐磨性， 主要用于制造航空、 汽车及其他 工业部门中承受摩擦的零件并进行必要的焊接，如气缸活塞销衬套、 轴承 和衬套的内衬、 福连杆衬套、 圆盘和垫圈等。但是由于铅的特性， 在进行 热加工时， 极易产生热脆等状况， 因此只能在冷态下进行加工， 造成可加 工型较差， 且铅对环境具有很大的危害， 不符合目前人们对环保越来越高 的的要求。 TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to the field of production of alloy rods, and in particular to a lead-free environment with high wear resistance and good processability. A strong wear-resistant copper-based new alloy rod, and a method of preparing the same. BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Lead-containing tin bronze is easy to be welded and brazed because of its high abrasion resistance and good processability, and has good wear resistance in air and fresh water, and is mainly used in the manufacture of aviation, automobile and other industrial sectors. Wear the friction parts and perform the necessary welding, such as cylinder piston pin bushings, bearing and bushing linings, brace bushings, discs and washers. However, due to the characteristics of lead, it is highly prone to hot brittleness during hot working, so it can only be processed in a cold state, resulting in poor processability, and lead has a great hazard to the environment. People are increasingly demanding environmental protection.
因此， 寻求一种对环境无污染， 高耐磨性， 不局限于冷态下加工的加 工性好的合金， 来替代现有的含铅的锡青铜合金， 成为本行业发展的趋势 和需求。 发明内容 Therefore, it is a trend and demand in the industry to seek a kind of alloy that is environmentally friendly, highly wear-resistant, and not limited to cold-processed alloys to replace the existing lead-containing tin bronze alloy. Summary of the invention
未解决上述技术问题， 本发明的目的是提供一种不含铅， 且耐磨， 可 加工性强的合金棒， 以及这种合金棒的制备方法。 The above technical problems are not solved, and an object of the present invention is to provide an alloy rod which is lead-free, wear-resistant, and machinable, and a method for preparing the same.
为实现上述发明目的， 本发明所采用的技术方案如下： In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:
一种无铅环保高强度耐磨铜基新型合金棒， 由以下重量百分数的组分 组成： 锰 1%〜3%， 锡 2%〜4%， 磷 0.01%〜0.5%， 锌 1.5%〜4.5%， 余量 为铜。
进一步地， 各组分的重量百分数配比如下： 锰 2%， 锡 3%， 磷 0.3% , 锌 3%， 余量为铜。 A lead-free environmentally-friendly high-strength wear-resistant copper-based new alloy rod consisting of the following weight percentage components: manganese 1% to 3%, tin 2% to 4%, phosphorus 0.01% to 0.5%, zinc 1.5% to 4.5 %, the balance is copper. Further, the weight percentage of each component is as follows: manganese 2%, tin 3%, phosphorus 0.3%, zinc 3%, and the balance is copper.
进一步地， 无铅环保高强度耐磨铜基新型合金棒的制备方法， 包含以 下步骤： Further, the method for preparing a lead-free environmentally-friendly high-strength wear-resistant copper-based new alloy rod comprises the following steps:
步骤一 按照配比将铜、 锰、 磷、 锡、 锌置于工频电炉内， 加热至 1230°C〜1350°C完全熔化后， 降温至 1300°C ; 步骤二 将完全熔化的合金液体充分搅拌后， 在其上面覆盖高纯度鳞 片状石墨粉以防止其氧化； Step 1 According to the ratio, copper, manganese, phosphorus, tin and zinc are placed in a power frequency electric furnace, heated to 1230 ° C to 1350 ° C and completely melted, and then cooled to 1300 ° C. Step 2 will fully melt the alloy liquid fully After stirring, it is covered with high-purity flaky graphite powder to prevent oxidation thereof;
步骤三 1300°C保温 50〜60分钟后，用直读光谱仪对从炉内取出的样 品进行三次成分检验， 以确定其合金成分在规定范围之内； Step 3 After tempering at 1300 °C for 50~60 minutes, the sample taken out from the furnace is subjected to three component inspections by direct reading spectrometer to determine that the alloy composition is within the specified range;
步骤四 进一步保温 30〜35分钟后，升温至 1350°C，并开启工频电炉 的振动装置，采用水平连铸方法铸造成外径为 125mm,长度为 650mm的实 心毛坯合金棒材； Step 4 After further heat preservation for 30 to 35 minutes, the temperature is raised to 1350 ° C, and the vibration device of the power frequency electric furnace is turned on, and the solid blank alloy bar having an outer diameter of 125 mm and a length of 650 mm is cast by a horizontal continuous casting method;
步骤五 用光锭机对实心毛坯合金棒材进行表面加工， 加工为表面光 洁的合金棒； 采用 800吨单动挤压机挤压： 挤压后合金棒为直径 60mm， 长度 2500mm; 步骤六 用箱式退火炉对挤压后的合金棒进行退火处理； Step 5: The surface of the solid blank alloy bar is processed by an optical spindle machine, and processed into a smooth surface alloy rod; extruded by a 800-ton single-action extruder: after extrusion, the alloy rod has a diameter of 60 mm and a length of 2500 mm; Annealing the extruded alloy rods in a box annealing furnace;
步骤七 拉拔， 将挤制出的合金棒进行多次拉拔， 拉成外径为 34.95mm〜35. 05匪的合金棒， 并矫直。 进一步地， 所述铜为电解铜。 Step 7 Pull out, draw the extruded alloy rod multiple times, and pull it into an alloy rod with an outer diameter of 34.95mm~35. 05匪, and straighten it. Further, the copper is electrolytic copper.
进一步地， 步骤二中所述搅拌采用石墨工具。 Further, the stirring is carried out in the second step using a graphite tool.
进一步地， 步骤二中所述的高纯度鳞片状石墨粉的厚度为为 15〜 20cm。 进一步地， 步骤五中所述表面光洁的合金棒直径为 118mm， 长度为 650mm。 进一步地，步骤六中所述退火处理的温度为 300〜350度，时间为 2〜 2.5小时。
进一步地， 步骤五中所述挤压， 挤压温度为 500 度， 挤压速度为 20mm/s， 合金锭加热温度为 200〜250度。 Further, the high-purity flaky graphite powder described in the second step has a thickness of 15 to 20 cm. Further, the smooth surface of the alloy rod in the step 5 is 118 mm in diameter and 650 mm in length. Further, the annealing treatment in step 6 has a temperature of 300 to 350 degrees and a time of 2 to 2.5 hours. Further, the extrusion is carried out in the fifth step, the extrusion temperature is 500 degrees, the extrusion speed is 20 mm/s, and the alloy ingot heating temperature is 200 to 250 degrees.
进一步地， 还包括步骤八： 上述合金棒切割为长度 2000mm的成品， 并进行包装。 Further, step 8 is further included: the above alloy rod is cut into a finished product having a length of 2000 mm and packaged.
采用上述技术方案， 本发明的有益效果有： With the above technical solutions, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:
采用金属元素锰来取代铅， 将锰、 锌、 锡、 磷、 铜按照一定的成分配 比， 适当的温度， 用挤压机挤压， 拉拔机拉拔等方式， 生产出的合金棒不 仅具有传统铅青铜合金具有的耐磨性能， 同时可以进行热加工， 可加工性 优于传统的含铅青铜合金， 且本发明的合金棒中不含铅， 避免了由于铅的 使用所带来的环境污染， 有利于环境保护， 由此可见， 本发明所提供的无 铅环保高强度耐磨铜基新型合金棒可以完全替代传统的含铅青铜合金。 附图说明 图 1为本发明制备流程图。 具体实施方式 为了使本发明的目的、 技术方案及优点更加清楚明白， 下面结合附图 及实施例， 对本发明进行进一步详细说明。 应当理解， 此处所描述的具体 实施例仅用以解释本发明， 并不用于限定本发明。 The use of metal element manganese instead of lead, manganese, zinc, tin, phosphorus, copper according to a certain distribution ratio, appropriate temperature, extrusion with an extruder, drawing machine drawing, etc., the production of alloy rods not only It has the wear resistance of traditional lead bronze alloy, and can be processed at the same time. The processability is superior to the traditional lead-containing bronze alloy, and the alloy rod of the invention does not contain lead, thereby avoiding the use of lead. Environmental pollution is conducive to environmental protection. It can be seen that the lead-free environmentally-friendly high-strength wear-resistant copper-based new alloy rod provided by the invention can completely replace the traditional lead-containing bronze alloy. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Figure 1 is a flow chart of the preparation of the present invention DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more comprehensible, the present invention will be further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It is understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
实施例 1 Example 1
一种无铅环保高强度耐磨铜基新型合金棒， 由以下重量百分数的组分 组成： 锰 1%〜3%， 锡 2%〜4%， 磷 0.01%〜0.5%， 锌 1.5%〜4.5%， 余量 为铜。 其制备方法如图 1所示， 具体为： A lead-free environmentally-friendly high-strength wear-resistant copper-based new alloy rod consisting of the following weight percentage components: manganese 1% to 3%, tin 2% to 4%, phosphorus 0.01% to 0.5%, zinc 1.5% to 4.5 %, the balance is copper. The preparation method is shown in FIG. 1 and is specifically as follows:
步骤一 按照配比将电解铜、 锰、 磷、 锡、 锌置于工频电炉内， 加热 至 1230°C〜1350°C完全熔化， 降温至 1300°C。 步骤二 用特制的石墨工具将完全熔化的合金液体充分搅拌后， 在其 上面覆盖高纯度鳞片状石墨粉以防止其氧化， 厚度约为 15〜20cm。 Step 1 According to the ratio, electrolytic copper, manganese, phosphorus, tin and zinc are placed in a power frequency electric furnace, heated to 1230 ° C to 1350 ° C to completely melt, and cooled to 1300 ° C. Step 2 After thoroughly stirring the completely molten alloy liquid with a special graphite tool, it is covered with high-purity flaky graphite powder to prevent oxidation thereof, and the thickness is about 15 to 20 cm.
步骤三 保温时间 50〜60分钟后，用德国进口斯派克直读光谱仪对从
炉内取出的样品进行三次成分检验， 以确定其合金成分在规定范围之内， 若成分在规定范围内则进行下一步， 如果成分不在规定范围内， 进行相应 的调整， 直至合金成分达到规定的范围。 Step 3: After the holding time of 50~60 minutes, use the German imported Spike direct reading spectrometer to The sample taken out of the furnace is subjected to three component tests to determine that the alloy composition is within the specified range. If the composition is within the specified range, the next step is performed. If the composition is not within the specified range, the corresponding adjustment is made until the alloy composition reaches the specified level. range.
步骤四 进一步保温 30〜35分钟后，然后重新升温至 1350°C，并开启 工频电炉的振动装置， 采用水平连铸方法铸造成外径为 125mm左右， 长 度为 650mm的实心毛坯合金棒材。 步骤五 用光锭机对上述毛坯合金棒进行表面加工， 使其表面光洁， 成为直径约 118mm长度约 650mm的合金棒；采用 800吨单动挤压机挤压： 合金锭加热温度为 200〜250°C，挤压温度为 500°C，挤压速度 V=20mm/s; 挤压后合金棒为直径 60mm,长度 2500mm. Step 4 After further heat preservation for 30 to 35 minutes, the temperature is again raised to 1350 ° C, and the vibration device of the power frequency electric furnace is turned on, and a solid blank alloy bar having an outer diameter of about 125 mm and a length of 650 mm is cast by a horizontal continuous casting method. Step 5: The surface of the above-mentioned blank alloy rod is processed by an optical spindle machine to make the surface smooth and become an alloy rod with a diameter of about 118 mm and a length of about 650 mm; extrusion with an 800-ton single-action extruder: the heating temperature of the alloy ingot is 200-250 °C, extrusion temperature is 500 ° C, extrusion speed V = 20mm / s; after extrusion, the alloy rod is 60mm in diameter and 2500mm in length.
步骤六 退火， 用箱式退火炉对挤压后的合金棒进行退火处理： 退火 温度为 300〜350°C， 退火时间为 2〜2.5小时。 Step 6 Annealing, annealing the extruded alloy rod by a box annealing furnace: annealing temperature is 300~350 ° C, annealing time is 2~2.5 hours.
步骤七 拉拔，将挤制出的合金棒进行多次拉拔，拉成外径为 34.95mm 至 35.05mm的合金棒， 然后矫直并切割为长度 2000mm的成品进行包装。 Step 7 Pulling, the extruded alloy rod is drawn several times, and drawn into an alloy rod having an outer diameter of 34.95 mm to 35.05 mm, and then straightened and cut into a finished product having a length of 2000 mm for packaging.
实施例 2 Example 2
一种无铅环保高强度耐磨铜基新型合金棒， 由以下重量百分数的组分 组成： 锰 1%， 锡 2%， 磷 0.01% , 锌 1.5% , 余量为铜。 其制备方法如图 1 所示， 具体为： A lead-free environmentally-friendly high-strength wear-resistant copper-based new alloy rod consisting of the following weight percentage components: manganese 1%, tin 2%, phosphorus 0.01%, zinc 1.5%, and balance copper. The preparation method is shown in Figure 1, which is specifically as follows:
将各组分按配方称好， 并置于工频电炉内熔化后， （用特制的石墨棒 搅拌均匀） 在其上覆盖 15cm后的高纯度鳞片状石墨粉， 防止氧化， 保温 50分钟左右， 检测合金成分是否在规定范围内， 检测完成并合格后， 继续 保温 30分钟左右， 重新升温至 1350°C， 开启振动装置， 采用水平连铸方 法铸造成实心毛坯合金棒材， 对该毛坯棒材进行表面加工， 使表面光洁， 然后采用挤压机进行挤压， （挤压温度为 500°C， 速度为 20mm/s， 合金锭 加热温度为 200〜250°C )，使合金棒直径减小，然后进行退火，（温度 300〜 350°C， 时间 2〜2.5小时）， 拉把成需要的外径（35 ± 0. 05mm)适合的合金 棒， 进行矫直， 切割， 包装。
实施例 3 The components are weighed according to the formula and placed in a power frequency electric furnace to be melted (mixed with a special graphite rod). The high-purity flaky graphite powder covered with 15cm is prevented from oxidizing and kept for about 50 minutes. Check whether the alloy composition is within the specified range. After the test is completed and qualified, continue to hold for about 30 minutes, reheat to 1350 °C, turn on the vibration device, and cast into a solid blank alloy bar by horizontal continuous casting. The blank bar is cast. Surface processing to make the surface smooth, and then extruded by an extruder (extrusion temperature of 500 ° C, speed of 20 mm / s, alloy ingot heating temperature of 200 ~ 250 ° C), so that the diameter of the alloy rod is reduced Then, annealed (temperature 300~350 °C, time 2~2.5 hours), and pulled into a suitable alloy rod of the required outer diameter (35 ± 0.05 mm) for straightening, cutting, and packaging. Example 3
一种无铅环保高强度耐磨铜基新型合金棒， 由以下重量百分数的组分 组成： 锰 3%， 锡 4%， 磷 0.5% , 锌 4.5%, 余量为铜。 其制备方法如图 1 所示， 具体为： A lead-free environmentally-friendly high-strength wear-resistant copper-based new alloy rod consisting of the following weight percentage components: manganese 3%, tin 4%, phosphorus 0.5%, zinc 4.5%, and balance copper. The preparation method is shown in Figure 1, which is specifically as follows:
将各组分按配方称好， 并置于工频电炉内熔化后， （用特制的石墨棒 搅拌均匀） 在其上覆盖 20cm后的高纯度鳞片状石墨粉， 防止氧化， 保温 60分钟左右， 检测合金成分是否在规定范围内， 检测完成并合格后， 继续 保温 35分钟左右， 重新升温至 1350°C， 开启振动装置， 采用水平连铸方 法铸造成实心毛坯合金棒材， 对该毛坯棒材进行表面加工， 使表面光洁， 然后采用挤压机进行挤压，（挤压温度为 500°C左右，速度为 20mm/s左右， 合金锭加热温度为 200〜250°C )， 使合金棒直径减小， 然后进行退火， （温 度 300〜350°C， 时间 2〜2.5小时）， 拉把成需要的外径（35 ± 0. 05匪）适 合的合金棒， 进行矫直， 切割， 包装。 The components are weighed according to the formula and placed in a power frequency electric furnace to be melted (mixed with a special graphite rod). The high-purity flaky graphite powder covered with 20cm is prevented from oxidizing and kept for about 60 minutes. Check whether the alloy composition is within the specified range. After the test is completed and qualified, continue to hold for about 35 minutes, reheat to 1350 °C, turn on the vibration device, and cast into a solid blank alloy bar by horizontal continuous casting. The blank bar is cast. Surface processing to make the surface smooth, and then extruded by an extruder (extrusion temperature is about 500 ° C, speed is about 20 mm / s, alloy ingot heating temperature is 200 ~ 250 ° C), so that the diameter of the alloy rod Reduce, then anneal, (temperature 300 ~ 350 ° C, time 2 ~ 2.5 hours), pull the appropriate outer diameter (35 ± 0.05 匪) of the appropriate alloy rod, straightening, cutting, packaging.
实施例 4 Example 4
一种无铅环保高强度耐磨铜基新型合金棒， 由以下重量百分数的组分 组成： 锰 2%， 锡 3%， 磷 0.3%, 锌 3%， 余量为铜。 其制备方法如图 1所 示， 具体为： A lead-free environmentally-friendly high-strength wear-resistant copper-based new alloy rod consisting of the following weight percentage components: manganese 2%, tin 3%, phosphorus 0.3%, zinc 3%, and balance copper. The preparation method is shown in Figure 1, specifically:
将各组分按配方称好， 并置于工频电炉内熔化后， （用特制的石墨棒 搅拌均匀） 在其上覆盖 18cm后的高纯度鳞片状石墨粉， 防止氧化， 保温 55分钟左右， 检测合金成分是否在规定范围内， 检测完成并合格后， 继续 保温 32分钟左右， 重新升温至 1350°C， 开启振动装置， 采用水平连铸方 法铸造成实心毛坯合金棒材， 对该毛坯棒材进行表面加工， 使表面光洁， 然后采用挤压机进行挤压， （挤压温度为 500°C， 速度为 20mm/s， 合金锭 加热温度为 200〜250°C )，使合金棒直径减小，然后进行退火，（温度 300〜 350°C， 时间 2〜2.5小时）， 拉把成需要的外径（35 ± 0. 05匪）适合的合金 棒， 进行矫直， 切割， 包装。 The components are weighed according to the formula and placed in a power frequency electric furnace to be melted (mixed with a special graphite rod). The high-purity flaky graphite powder covered with 18cm is prevented from oxidizing and kept for about 55 minutes. Check whether the alloy composition is within the specified range. After the test is completed and qualified, continue to hold for about 32 minutes, reheat to 1350 °C, turn on the vibrating device, and cast into a solid blank alloy bar by horizontal continuous casting. The blank bar is cast. Surface processing to make the surface smooth, and then extruded by an extruder (extrusion temperature of 500 ° C, speed of 20 mm / s, alloy ingot heating temperature of 200 ~ 250 ° C), so that the diameter of the alloy rod is reduced Then, it is annealed (temperature 300~350 °C, time 2~2.5 hours), and pulled into a suitable alloy rod of the required outer diameter (35 ± 0.05 匪) for straightening, cutting, and packaging.
实施例 5 Example 5
一种无铅环保高强度耐磨铜基新型合金棒， 由以下重量百分数的组分
组成： 锰 2.5%, 3.5% , if 0.4%, 锌 4%， 余量为铜。 其制备方法如图 1所示， 具体为： A lead-free environmentally-friendly high-strength wear-resistant copper-based new alloy rod, composed of the following weight percentage components Composition: manganese 2.5%, 3.5%, if 0.4%, zinc 4%, balance copper. The preparation method is shown in FIG. 1 and is specifically as follows:
将各组分按配方称好， 并置于工频电炉内熔化后， （用特制的石墨棒 搅拌均匀） 在其上覆盖 18cm后的高纯度鳞片状石墨粉， 防止氧化， 保温 55分钟左右， 检测合金成分是否在规定范围内， 检测完成并合格后， 继续 保温 32分钟左右， 重新升温至 1350°C， 开启振动装置， 采用水平连铸方 法铸造成实心毛坯合金棒材， 对该毛坯棒材进行表面加工， 使表面光洁， 然后采用挤压机进行挤压， （挤压设备为 800吨单动挤压机， 挤压温度为 500°C， 速度为 20mm/s， 合金锭加热温度为 200〜250°C )， 使合金棒直径 减小， 然后进行退火， （温度 300〜350°C， 时间 2〜2.5小时）， 拉把成需 要的外径 （35 ± 0. 05匪） 适合的合金棒， 进行矫直， 切割， 包装。 本发明所提供的无铅环保高强度耐磨铜基新型合金棒的制备方法，可 以先制成外径为 125mm， 长度为 650mm的实心毛坯合金棒材， 然后进行 表面光洁处理， 然后挤压成直径为 60mm， 长度约 2500mm的合金棒材， 然后切割， 包装， 完成制备全过程。 The components are weighed according to the formula and placed in a power frequency electric furnace to be melted (mixed with a special graphite rod). The high-purity flaky graphite powder covered with 18cm is prevented from oxidizing and kept for about 55 minutes. Check whether the alloy composition is within the specified range. After the test is completed and qualified, continue to hold for about 32 minutes, reheat to 1350 °C, turn on the vibrating device, and cast into a solid blank alloy bar by horizontal continuous casting. The blank bar is cast. The surface is processed to make the surface smooth, and then extruded by an extruder. (The extrusion equipment is a 800-ton single-action extruder with an extrusion temperature of 500 ° C, a speed of 20 mm/s, and an alloy ingot heating temperature of 200. ~250 ° C), the diameter of the alloy rod is reduced, and then annealed (temperature 300 ~ 350 ° C, time 2 ~ 2.5 hours), pull the required outer diameter (35 ± 0. 05 匪) suitable alloy Stick, straightening, cutting, packaging. The preparation method of the lead-free environmentally-friendly high-strength wear-resistant copper-based new alloy rod provided by the invention can be first made into a solid blank alloy rod with an outer diameter of 125 mm and a length of 650 mm, and then the surface is smoothed and then extruded into An alloy bar with a diameter of 60 mm and a length of about 2500 mm is then cut, packaged, and finished.
以上所述实施例仅表达了本发明的实施方式， 其描述较为具体和详 细， 但并不能因此而理解为对本发明专利范围的限制。 应当指出的是， 对 于本领域的普通技术人员来说， 在不脱离本发明构思的前提下， 还可以做 出若干变形和改进， 这些都属于本发明的保护范围。 因此， 本发明专利的 保护范围应以所附权利要求为准。
The above-mentioned embodiments are merely illustrative of the embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that a number of variations and modifications may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Therefore, the scope of the invention should be determined by the appended claims.
Claims
1. 一种无铅环保高强度耐磨铜基新型合金棒，其特征在于由以下重量 百分数的组分组成：锰 1%〜3%，锡 2%〜4%，磷 0.01%〜0.5%，锌 1.5%〜 4.5%, 余量为铜。 1. A lead-free environmentally-friendly high-strength wear-resistant copper-based new alloy rod characterized by the following weight percentage components: manganese 1% to 3%, tin 2% to 4%, phosphorus 0.01% to 0.5%, Zinc is 1.5% to 4.5%, and the balance is copper.
2. 根据权利要求 1所述的无铅环保高强度耐磨铜基新型合金棒，其特 征在于各组分的重量百分数配比如下： 锰 2%， 锡 3%， 磷 0.3%, 锌 3%， 余量为铜。 2. The lead-free environmentally-friendly high-strength wear-resistant copper-based new alloy rod according to claim 1, wherein the weight percentage of each component is as follows: manganese 2%, tin 3%, phosphorus 0.3%, zinc 3% The balance is copper.
3. 根据权利要求 1 所述的无铅环保高强度耐磨铜基新型合金棒的制 备方法， 其特征在于包含以下步骤： 3. The method for preparing a lead-free environmentally-friendly high-strength wear-resistant copper-based new alloy rod according to claim 1, comprising the steps of:
步骤一 按照配比将铜、 锰、 磷、 锡、 锌置于工频电炉内， 加热至 1230°C〜1350°C完全熔化后， 降温至 1300°C ; 步骤二 将完全熔化的合金液体充分搅拌后， 在其上面覆盖高纯度鳞 片状石墨粉以防止其氧化； Step 1 According to the ratio, copper, manganese, phosphorus, tin and zinc are placed in a power frequency electric furnace, heated to 1230 ° C to 1350 ° C and completely melted, and then cooled to 1300 ° C. Step 2 will fully melt the alloy liquid fully After stirring, it is covered with high-purity flaky graphite powder to prevent oxidation thereof;
步骤三 1300°C保温 50〜60分钟后，用直读光谱仪对从炉内取出的样 品进行三次成分检验， 以确定其合金成分在规定范围之内； Step 3 After tempering at 1300 °C for 50~60 minutes, the sample taken out from the furnace is subjected to three component inspections by direct reading spectrometer to determine that the alloy composition is within the specified range;
步骤四 进一步保温 30〜35分钟后，升温至 1350°C，并开启工频电炉 的振动装置，采用水平连铸方法铸造成外径为 125mm,长度为 650mm的实 心毛坯合金棒材； Step 4 After further heat preservation for 30 to 35 minutes, the temperature is raised to 1350 ° C, and the vibration device of the power frequency electric furnace is turned on, and the solid blank alloy bar having an outer diameter of 125 mm and a length of 650 mm is cast by a horizontal continuous casting method;
步骤五 用光锭机对实心毛坯合金棒材进行表面加工， 加工为表面光 洁的合金棒； 采用 800吨单动挤压机挤压： 挤压后合金棒为直径 60mm， 长度 2500mm; 步骤六 用箱式退火炉对挤压后的合金棒进行退火处理； Step 5: The surface of the solid blank alloy bar is processed by an optical spindle machine, and processed into a smooth surface alloy rod; extruded by a 800-ton single-action extruder: after extrusion, the alloy rod has a diameter of 60 mm and a length of 2500 mm; Annealing the extruded alloy rods in a box annealing furnace;
步骤七 拉拔， 将挤制出的合金棒进行多次拉拔， 拉成外径为 34.95mm〜35. 05匪的合金棒， 并矫直。 Step 7 Pull out, draw the extruded alloy rod multiple times, and pull it into an alloy rod with an outer diameter of 34.95mm~35. 05匪, and straighten it.
4. 根据权利要求 3 所述的无铅环保高强度耐磨铜基新型合金棒的制 备方法， 其特征在于： 所述铜为电解铜。
4. The method according to claim 3, wherein the copper is electrolytic copper.
5. 根据权利要求 3 所述的无铅环保高强度耐磨铜基新型合金棒的制 备方法， 其特征在于： 步骤二中所述搅拌采用石墨工具。 5. The method according to claim 3, wherein the step of stirring is performed by using a graphite tool.
6. 根据权利要求 3所述的无铅环保高强度耐磨铜基新型合金棒的制 备方法，其特征在于：步骤二中所述的高纯度鳞片状石墨粉的厚度为 15〜 20cm。 The method for preparing a lead-free environmentally-friendly high-strength wear-resistant copper-based new alloy rod according to claim 3, wherein the high-purity flaky graphite powder in the second step has a thickness of 15 to 20 cm.
7. 根据权利要求 3所述的无铅环保高强度耐磨铜基新型合金棒的制 备方法， 其特征在于： 步骤五中所述表面光洁的合金棒直径为 118mm， 长 度为 650mm。 7. The method for preparing a lead-free environmentally-friendly high-strength wear-resistant copper-based new alloy rod according to claim 3, wherein: the smooth-surfaced alloy rod in step 5 has a diameter of 118 mm and a length of 650 mm.
8. 根据权利要求 3所述的无铅环保高强度耐磨铜基新型合金棒的制 备方法， 其特征在于： 步骤六中所述退火处理的温度为 300〜350°C， 时 间为 2〜2.5小时。 The method for preparing a lead-free environmentally-friendly high-strength wear-resistant copper-based new alloy rod according to claim 3, wherein: the temperature of the annealing treatment in step 6 is 300 to 350 ° C, and the time is 2 to 2.5. hour.
9. 根据权利要求 3 所述的无铅环保高强度耐磨铜基新型合金棒的制 备方法， 其特征在于： 步骤五中所述挤压， 挤压温度为 500°C， 挤压速度 为 20mm/s， 合金锭加热温度为 200〜250°C。 9. The method for preparing a lead-free environmentally-friendly high-strength wear-resistant copper-based new alloy rod according to claim 3, characterized in that: the extrusion in step 5, the extrusion temperature is 500 ° C, and the extrusion speed is 20 mm. /s, The alloy ingot is heated at a temperature of 200 to 250 °C.
10.根据权利要求 3所述的无铅环保高强度耐磨铜基新型合金棒的制 备方法， 其特征在于还包括步骤八： 上述合金棒切割为长度 2000mm的成 品， 并进行包装。
The method for preparing a lead-free environmentally-friendly high-strength wear-resistant copper-based new alloy rod according to claim 3, further comprising the step 8: cutting the alloy rod into a product having a length of 2000 mm and packaging the same.
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