WO2013150459A1 - Coussin amortisseur de choc haute performance, procédé de fabrication de celui-ci et utilisation de celui-ci - Google Patents

Coussin amortisseur de choc haute performance, procédé de fabrication de celui-ci et utilisation de celui-ci Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2013150459A1
WO2013150459A1 PCT/IB2013/052656 IB2013052656W WO2013150459A1 WO 2013150459 A1 WO2013150459 A1 WO 2013150459A1 IB 2013052656 W IB2013052656 W IB 2013052656W WO 2013150459 A1 WO2013150459 A1 WO 2013150459A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
high performance
shock pad
performance shock
rubber
pad according
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/IB2013/052656
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Pedro Miguel PEREIRA MARQUES
Original Assignee
Biosafe - Indústria De Reciclagens, S.A.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Biosafe - Indústria De Reciclagens, S.A. filed Critical Biosafe - Indústria De Reciclagens, S.A.
Priority to EP13723248.4A priority Critical patent/EP2834415A1/fr
Publication of WO2013150459A1 publication Critical patent/WO2013150459A1/fr

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F15/00—Flooring
    • E04F15/22—Resiliently-mounted floors, e.g. sprung floors
    • E04F15/225—Shock absorber members therefor
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
    • E01C13/00—Pavings or foundations specially adapted for playgrounds or sports grounds; Drainage, irrigation or heating of sports grounds
    • E01C13/02—Foundations, e.g. with drainage or heating arrangements
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
    • E01C13/00—Pavings or foundations specially adapted for playgrounds or sports grounds; Drainage, irrigation or heating of sports grounds
    • E01C13/04—Pavings made of prefabricated single units
    • E01C13/045—Pavings made of prefabricated single units the prefabricated single units consisting of or including bitumen, rubber or plastics
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
    • E01C2201/00—Paving elements
    • E01C2201/20—Drainage details
    • E01C2201/202—Horizontal drainage channels
    • E01C2201/207—Horizontal drainage channels channels on the bottom
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
    • E01C5/00—Pavings made of prefabricated single units
    • E01C5/005—Individual couplings or spacer elements for joining the prefabricated units

Definitions

  • This invention regards high performance shock pads with flexible densities that can be adjusted depending on the interests of the end user and the intended application. These adjustments may be made by varying the pressure that is applied and the amount of material used, namely rubber granules and binder.
  • These high performance shock pads can be used in many types of flooring, particularly sports flooring (synthetic turf pitch, wooden indoor floors, running tracks and tennis courts) , comfortable flooring (under layers of wooden floors, comfort mats, mats for spas and surrounding areas) and safety floors (playgrounds and / or similar) .
  • the aim of this invention is to describe a high performance shock pad which has between 80% and 97% of rubber and has between 20% and 3% of a binder, all in weight.
  • the high performance shock pad is produced using recycled rubber.
  • the high performance shock pad has perforations.
  • the high performance shock pad has circular perforations. In another preferred embodiment of this invention, the high performance shock pad has its periphery composed of semicircles with rounded shape edges.
  • the high performance shock pad has connectors (1) made of the same high performance shock pad's composition.
  • the high performance shock pad has connectors (1) made of vulcanized rubber mixture composed of equal parts of virgin SBR ( Styrene-butadiene rubber) and recycled rubber.
  • the high performance shock pad has connectors (1) made of a composition based on vulcanized rubber mixtures with a formula composed of 25% to 75% of virgin SBR and 75% to 25% of recycled rubber, all in weight.
  • the high performance shock pad is porous when applied upon of a drainage system.
  • the high performance shock pad has a network of small channels that connect all the perforations.
  • the high performance shock pad has a geotextile or other drainage mesh over it.
  • the high performance shock pad has a geotextile or other drainage mesh to be placed in a final phase of production, for example by gluing or hot gluing.
  • the high performance shock pad is applied under a wooden floor.
  • Another aim of this invention is to describe a method of producing the high performance shock pad with the connections comprising the following steps:
  • the method to obtain the high performance shock pad comprises the mixture of the rubber and the binder for 3 to 6 minutes .
  • the method to obtain the high performance shock pad comprises a curing process lasting 3 to 10 minutes at temperatures of between 80°C and 160°C. In one preferred embodimentof this invention, the method to get the high performance shock pad comprises the application of between 0.1 and 25 MPa of pressure.
  • the method to obtain the high performance shock pad uses a polyurethane resin as the binder.
  • shock pads for sports flooring were created to enhance the playability performance of synthetic turf pitches and reduce player's injuries. These surfaces can be made of different kind of materials and in various ways. Most shock pads are made of recycled rubber granules that can be installed "in-situ” or by installing pre-moulded pads. These pads have some problems of stability, logistics and guarantees that the surface is homogenous all over the flooring .
  • Safety surfaces particularly surfaces for children's playgrounds or equivalent, reduce the risk of injury from falling from heights and HIC or critical fall height, according to Standard EN 1117 is the most important parameter to measure.
  • the most common materials used for reducing the risk of injury are loose sand or recycled rubber granules bound together with a binder.
  • the recycled rubber granules and binder are mixed on site and applied like a traditional screed surface, implying great movements of equipment and resins that are sensitive to climatic conditions.
  • the underlying base is completely dry and do not have any contaminants and that the temperature is not under 10°C, thus limiting its use during periods of higher humidity or low temperatures.
  • the thickness of the surface is increased and can be as much as 15 cm thick. This solution would not be economically viable if the surface was made purely of virgin materials, particularly granules of ethylene propylene diene (EPDM) rubber. In an attempt to reduce costs, a shock pad is made with recycled black rubber granules and only a layer of around 1 cm on top is made with coloured granules.
  • EPDM ethylene propylene diene
  • HIC values depend on the skill of the applier and their professionalism meaning work' s owner cannot previously guarantee this value to the awarding authority. This guarantee is only given after the surface that was applied has been certified.
  • This kind of application consists of mounting the pads in a clean and dry surface. This has to be made with cement or asphalt to enable the pads to be firmly fixed to the under- surface .
  • these pads In order to make them stable, these pads have to be interconnected with plastic pins or glued to one another. They also need an expansion joint around the entire surface, which is often forgotten by the applier and when exists is a preferable place to the accumulation of residues .
  • the pad will drain a greater or lesser amount of water, though in real situations the most of the water drains away through the joints;
  • shock pads can be made from recycled rubber, polyurethane foam and polystyrene.
  • shock pads As there is no control of the heat expansion of the shock pads, they are strongly glued to the subsurface and to the upper layer. This makes the process slower and more expensive .
  • Some appliers using this method also install a reinforcing mesh .
  • This invention intends to overcome the problems found in the solutions presented above and presents some advantages that the existing products do not offer. These advantages are particularly clear in some kinds of applications such as sports, comfort and safety flooring.
  • This invention regards high performance shock pad with flexible densities that can be adjusted depending on the interests of the end user and the intended application. These adjustments may be made by varying the pressure that is applied and the amount of material used, namely rubber granules and binder.
  • This high performance shock pad has many advantages regarding the prior art, namely:
  • shock pads can be applied to countless kinds of paving sports flooring (synthetic turf pitches, wooden indoor floors, running tracks and tennis courts) , comfortable flooring (comfort mat, mats for spas and surrounding areas) and safety floors (playgrounds and / or similar) .
  • Figure 1 shows a production diagram to obtain the high performance shock pad.
  • Figure 2 shows how the high performance shock pad behaves under pressure.
  • Figure 3 shows how the high performance shock pad behaves depending on the size of the rubber granule.
  • Figure 4 shows a force diagram.
  • Figure 5 shows how the high performance shock pad behaves on impact .
  • Figure 6 shows a profile of the high performance shock pad showing the network of small channels.
  • Figure 7 shows a way of installing the high performance shock pads, where the number 1 represents the connecting link .
  • Figure 8 gives a detailed view of the high performance shock pad where the number 1 represents the connecting link .
  • Figure 9 shows the connecting link and a cross section.
  • Figure 10 shows a detail of the high performance shock pad, particularly one of its rounded edges.
  • Figure 11 shows a three dimensional image of the assembly of the high performance shock pad.
  • This invention regards high performance shock pad with flexible densities that can be adjusted depending on the interests of the end user and the intended application. These adjustments may be made by varying the pressure that is applied and the amount of material used, namely rubber If this kind of high performance shock pad is applied in sports surfaces such as synthetic turf pitches, there is a flexible density shock pad that can be adjusted to the interests of synthetic turf suppliers.
  • the certification of a system implies two fundamental tests, which are vertical deformation and impact absorption.
  • the kind of high performance shock pad composition here presented means that it is possible to get different vertical deformations and different impact absorptions just by altering the compaction and/or size of granule, i.e. just altering the density.
  • the high performance shock pad composition is between 80% and 97% of recycled rubber and 20% to 3% of a binder, all in weight. This kind of solution means that it is possible to alter the amount of material per square metre associated with the pressure and temperature applied during production.
  • the mixture is then placed in a mould at a temperature of between 80°C and 160°C and cured for between 3 and 10 minutes under a pressure of 0.10 to 25 MPa.
  • shock pads on the market cannot do this so easily because the reaction of the foam needs a specific pressure to develop according to a specific characteristic, i.e. the alteration of this parameter in the production is critical to get the intended result.
  • shock pads in continuous layered mats of recycled rubber. It cannot realistically be used to improve the performance of a specific system as it has to be relatively thin, no more than 12 mm, and its composition may alter along with its density which may not be enough once it is flat and massive . Heat expansion control
  • Synthetic turf pitches are normally used outdoors and are therefore subject to a range of temperatures throughout the day and the year. In some cases, the difference may be as much as 80°C.
  • the rubber When this kind of temperature range exists the rubber will expand by about 1.5%, which over a 100 metre football pitch means an expansion of about 1.5 metres. If the shock pad does not foresee this situation the surface can lift or uncontrolled cracks can appear in the shock pad.
  • a product's dimensional stability is the ability of the product to maintain its dimensions after suffering heat expansion.
  • Heat expansion is the change in size a product goes through when subjected to different temperatures .
  • This invention forecasts the control of heat expansion by its design and by the connectors between the shock pads.
  • the first fundamental aspect is the perforation of the surface, which can take place when it is made by using a mould with this format or be perforated later on site according to the customer' s demands and the kind of application.
  • the perforation can have any shape, but it should preferentially be circular. This perforation allows the surface to expand inwards in case of extreme expansion.
  • the second fundamental aspect is its external shape.
  • the periphery of the high performance shock pad was designed in form of semi-circles, i.e. half of the perforation configuration. This shape and the rounded shape edges will provide expansion joints between the high performance shock pads. The developer had calculated that this joint alone is not wide enough to absorb extreme expansion so to overcome this situation connectors were created as described below, and in cases of extreme expansion, the high performance shock pads will touch and as the edges are rounded and fairly flexible, they will fit into one another.
  • the third fundamental aspect of the design are the connectors. These connectors were designed and created to complement the success of this invention by controlling heat expansion. One possibility is to produce the shock pads with them already included, made of the same composition. Another possibility is to produce the connectors from a different material. The connectors could then be made from a composition based on vulcanized rubber mixtures with 25% to 75% of virgin SBR and 75% to 25% of recycled rubber, all in weight.
  • the proportion would be 50% of SBR to 50% of recycled rubber in weight.
  • This latter solution virgin SBR plus recycled rubber, has the advantage that the user can properly control the final dimensions and alter them as necessary .
  • the size of the connectors is of extreme importance, as they ensure that there is an expansion joint and they are easy to assemble. These dimensions may vary both in overall size as the distance between the centres of the holes and the holes' size.
  • the expansion joint may increase in size.
  • the high performance shock pad is 1000x500 mm against another of the same size where there is a 4 mm expansion joint. If all the expansion occurs on the 1000 mm dimension and only towards the joint, if there is 1.5% heat expansion, this means the joint has to absorb 30 mm. In extreme cases, the plates can fit into one another through half the circumference of the perforation, and so only with this process it is possible to absorb 24 mm of expansion, and so only 6 mm has to be absorbed by internal deformation. Since the internal deformation obtained needs to be between 20% and 40%, the internal deformation needed for a surface is 0.6%, which is an extremely small amount. It can be therefore concluded that the high performance shock pad presented in this invention manage to control the heat expansion they may be subject to without lifting off the subsurface.
  • this invention also provides an extremely effective rain and irrigation water drainage system.
  • the artificial turf pitches filling sand has small grains and is carried away by water that flows through the synthetic turf water drainage holes.
  • a geotextile or other drainage mesh can be placed over them. Ease of transport
  • the high performance shock pads are packed in pallets with the maximum weights allowed in land and sea transport. On site the surfaces can be moved on the same pallets or divided into smaller units as the customer decides. The surfaces are light-weight and small enough that an applier can carry them without any special transport at the work site .
  • shock pads with different weights and sizes on the market, but normally two persons are necessary to carry them.
  • This invention will simplify assembly in comparison with other pre-moulded shock pad solutions available on the market .
  • shock pads in rolls If they choose to use shock pads in rolls, the appliers have to pay attention to some important parameters. They have to check the alignment of the mat, ensure the expansion joint is uniform, which is humanly impossible without the aid of some kind of tool and in the case of any correction they have to manhandle dozens of square metres at a time.
  • this invention In comparison with shock pads in rolls, this invention is notable for its light weight and ergonomically designed dimensions that simplify assembly. It only requires one person and all she needs to concern is with fitting them together at the proper points as the expansion joints and alignment are guaranteed by the connectors. In comparison with the "in-situ" solutions, the main differences are the possibility of the shock pads being applied without any specialised labour and synthetic turf can be immediately applied after the shock pads' surface is ready .
  • the high performance shock pads are manufactured using recycled rubber granules that take more than 600 years to break down, bound together using a binder.
  • the binder may be a polymer resin such as single-component polyurethane, which has long been used in children' s playground surfaces and which has proven they are durable.
  • a geotextile or other drainage mesh can be incorporated on the upper face acting as a filter.
  • One of the concerns of this invention is to guarantee uniform performance across the high performance shock pads and between its connectors.
  • shock pads on the market try to include a drainage system by making some tears, others try to create a drainage net, creating different densities throughout the surface and consequently different behaviour, due to the size of the drainage channels. Because of these processes used in the prior art, the density of the joints is always different in each work.
  • the creation of a net of small, uniform channels and its outside geometric shape means for the high performance shock pads that the density is homogenous.
  • the small channels are essential for the performance of the surface, acting as a spring, i.e. it is as if the surface was sitting on countless small springs.
  • the high performance shock pads are made of rubber granules join together with rubber connections, which is why their elasticity and impact absorption is better than other techniques known in the prior art.
  • the indoor wooden and/or derivative floors are subject to controlled temperatures, but in many cases the pavilions do not have air conditioning and those that do have, only use it on days when there are official games meaning there are great temperature differences over the year.
  • the porous composition Due to the porous composition, the perforations and the small channels, surprisingly the high performance shock pads create an excellent circulation of air avoiding the appearance of moulds or fungus.
  • This invention creates an extremely effective air box so the circulation of the air eliminates this dampness.
  • composition of this invention means that this does not happen, or will only do so after many decades .
  • Shock pads for high performance flooring have to be able to be adapted to specific requirements.
  • the present invention allows the elimination of the base drainage net.
  • the high performance shock pad is completely perforated, it is substantially lighter than existing shock pads for the same effect, as the others are practically solid.
  • the resin curing process uses heat. It is well known that rubber is a terrible heat conductor, but if the heat can be transmitted directly into the inside of the piece, curing times would be significantly shorter, and that is only possible by adopting the shape of this invention.
  • Another way to achieve the durability of this invention would be to use higher percentages of resin which would be much more expensive.
  • the HIC is 0.8 metres, while for this invention the figures are never less than 1.2 metres, 33% more. This result is only possible because of the shape that was adopted for this invention.
  • the small channels help to support the impact acting as springs, and as the holes deform in all directions following the impact behave like shock absorbers, absorbing a significant amount of the impact forces.
  • the maintenance or replacement of the upper layer does not imply that the shock pad has to be changed.
  • the shock pad works independently of the upper layer. This is only partially glued by the run-off of the glue that is incorporated in the mixture for the upper layer. Therefore it is fairly easy to separate the upper layer from the shock pad.
  • the first step in the development of this invention involved defining the primary aspects and starting to make the idea come true. Here, the kind of composition was generically defined.
  • Point A in the two charts shown in Figures 2 and 3 gives us the best balance between Pressure and Granule size.
  • Various shock pads were tested with different grain sizes of recycled rubber granules and different pressures, which were assessed by their impact absorption and deformation capacity.
  • impact force ( Fi ) causes a deformation (a) in a piece with a thickness (e) and causes various forces of energy restitution and as we can see all point towards the centre of the body.
  • restitution forces (F n ) are vectors when there is an angle, energy is dissipated.
  • the dissipated force (F 2 ) increases or decreases, as illustrated in Figure 4.
  • the calculation is governed by the rules of trigonometry. I.e. the objective will be to find a way to make F 2 as big as possible .
  • the way to reach that objective is to have a shock pad that is completely perforated, with holes of any geometric configuration but equidistant and so the developer designed and produced a prototype.
  • Figure 4 represents extreme situations were only one or a few holes are mechanically strained. In reality this situations do not happen, because the size of the bodies that are going to be protected are big enough to always cover more than one hole and the diameter of the hole is small enough for this effect. Another reason is that this shock pad is used under another surface which will distribute the impact of the force over various holes as shown in Figure 5. With this design of the high performance shock pads, the shock absorber effect is managed by greater dissipation of energy than any other known prior art shock pads.
  • the high performance shock pad As the high performance shock pad is completely perforated it manages to have a volume that is substantially lower than other existing surfaces for the same effect, since the other known prior art shock pads are practically solid.
  • each square metre can weigh between 4 kg and 42 kg, with each high performance shock pads weighing no more than 21kg. b. Dimension factor
  • the dimensions depend on the interest of the final customer, however for ease of handling the maximum size is 1 square metre and in order that the floor can be laid by just one applier the developer opted for the dimensions of 1000x500 mm.
  • the preferential dimensions are:
  • the product will be packed on palettes with the maximum square metres and wrapped in plastic film.
  • the number of square metres per palette depends on the thickness of each plate .
  • the second step in the development of this invention was the water drainage study. Knowing that most of the floors that will be built on top of this shock pad will be outdoors, there is a need to build a water drainage system. Since the shock pad is completely perforated, it makes sense to create a net of small channels to connect all the holes.
  • the small channels can be various shapes but it is preferably to make them half-round since being curved they would not create any localised tension in the pieces.
  • the third step in the development of this invention was the expansion control study. While studying prior art shock pads the developer noted a difficulty in overcoming the heat expansion of the materials.
  • a junction of a few millimetres is made by the connectors and, in conjunction with the geometry of a "half" of the geometric figures of the inside of the high performance shock pad s and the rounded edges, allows that in the case of great expansions, they touch each other and as they are made of elastic rubber, they start to fit into one another.
  • the high performance shock pad is completely perforated, allowing for internal expansion caused by the compression of the internal holes.
  • the forth step in the development of this invention was the study of the connections between the high performance shock pads.
  • the connection of the high performance shock pad s has to be very easy to guarantee the distance of the expansion joint and at the same time be elastic enough to mould to heat expansion.
  • the fifth step in the development of this invention was the study and inclusion of a geotextile or other drainage mesh.
  • a geotextile or other drainage mesh can be incorporated on the upper surface to act as a filter. If these solid particles block up the free spaces its performance will be diminished significantly.
  • the geotextile or other drainage mesh will be attached at the final production phase, for example through gluing or hot gluing.
  • the sixth step in the development of this invention was the optimisation of the density by modifying the geometry of the zones in contact with the structural base.
  • the seventh step in the development of this invention is its characterisation. This step will include all the characterisation studies so they can be included in the specifications .

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Road Paving Structures (AREA)
  • Floor Finish (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention se rapporte à un coussin amortisseur de choc haute performance qui présente des densités flexibles qui peuvent être ajustées en fonction des intérêts de l'utilisateur final et de l'application envisagée. Ces ajustements peuvent être réalisés en faisant varier la pression qui est appliquée et la quantité de matériau utilisée, à savoir des granulés de caoutchouc et un liant. Ces coussins amortisseurs de choc haute performance offrent plusieurs avantages par rapport à l'état de la technique, notamment la régulation de la dilatation thermique, la suppression de la surface de drainage, la facilité de transport, la facilité d'application et le maintien des caractéristiques techniques au fil du temps. Ces coussins amortisseurs de choc haute performance peuvent être utilisés dans divers types de revêtement de sol, en particulier un revêtement de sol de salle de sports, un revêtement de sol confortable et des planchers de sécurité.
PCT/IB2013/052656 2012-04-03 2013-04-03 Coussin amortisseur de choc haute performance, procédé de fabrication de celui-ci et utilisation de celui-ci WO2013150459A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP13723248.4A EP2834415A1 (fr) 2012-04-03 2013-04-03 Coussin amortisseur de choc haute performance, procédé de fabrication de celui-ci et utilisation de celui-ci

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PT106238 2012-04-03
PT10623812 2012-04-03

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2013150459A1 true WO2013150459A1 (fr) 2013-10-10

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Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
ITUB20159748A1 (it) * 2015-12-30 2017-06-30 Promix S R L Con Socio Unico Sottofondo per campi sportivi in erba sintetica
IT201700112845A1 (it) * 2017-10-09 2019-04-09 Tema Tech And Materials Srl "membrana bugnata di sicurezza per discariche"
US10400398B2 (en) 2015-05-12 2019-09-03 Enplast Technology LLC Pads
WO2021030894A1 (fr) * 2019-08-18 2021-02-25 Oliveira Emerson Cordeiro Plaque modulaire avec amortissement de chocs pour sol vinylique et autres finitions
WO2021116659A1 (fr) * 2019-12-12 2021-06-17 Osborne Dax Gabarit et procédé d'installation d'un panneau de revêtement de sol
US20220118745A1 (en) * 2020-10-19 2022-04-21 Tetro Ltd. Hybrid structure having suspension quality

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WO2003035984A1 (fr) * 2001-10-26 2003-05-01 Greentech, Inc. Cavite souterraine pour fluides, procedes et systemes correspondants
US20050238433A1 (en) * 2003-12-02 2005-10-27 Daluise Daniel A Horizontally draining artificial turf system
WO2009137876A1 (fr) * 2008-05-16 2009-11-19 Alan Sian Ghee Lee Cellule de drainage flexible
EP2388375A1 (fr) * 2010-05-17 2011-11-23 Armacell Enterprise GmbH Système de drainage fournissant des propriétés d'amortissement

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6102613A (en) * 1997-02-12 2000-08-15 Medico, Jr.; John J. Environmental porous paving material and pavement construction, environmental porous pavement mixing machine for mixing environmental porous pavement and methods for manufacturing porous material and constructions
WO2003035984A1 (fr) * 2001-10-26 2003-05-01 Greentech, Inc. Cavite souterraine pour fluides, procedes et systemes correspondants
US20050238433A1 (en) * 2003-12-02 2005-10-27 Daluise Daniel A Horizontally draining artificial turf system
WO2009137876A1 (fr) * 2008-05-16 2009-11-19 Alan Sian Ghee Lee Cellule de drainage flexible
EP2388375A1 (fr) * 2010-05-17 2011-11-23 Armacell Enterprise GmbH Système de drainage fournissant des propriétés d'amortissement

Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US10400398B2 (en) 2015-05-12 2019-09-03 Enplast Technology LLC Pads
ITUB20159748A1 (it) * 2015-12-30 2017-06-30 Promix S R L Con Socio Unico Sottofondo per campi sportivi in erba sintetica
WO2017115176A1 (fr) * 2015-12-30 2017-07-06 Promix S.R.L. Con Socio Unico Substrat pour gazon synthétique
IT201700112845A1 (it) * 2017-10-09 2019-04-09 Tema Tech And Materials Srl "membrana bugnata di sicurezza per discariche"
EP3467208A1 (fr) * 2017-10-09 2019-04-10 Tema - Technologies And Materials SRL Membranes de securite avec papules pour décharges
WO2021030894A1 (fr) * 2019-08-18 2021-02-25 Oliveira Emerson Cordeiro Plaque modulaire avec amortissement de chocs pour sol vinylique et autres finitions
WO2021116659A1 (fr) * 2019-12-12 2021-06-17 Osborne Dax Gabarit et procédé d'installation d'un panneau de revêtement de sol
GB2605059A (en) * 2019-12-12 2022-09-21 Osborne Dax Template and method of installing a flooring panel
GB2605059B (en) * 2019-12-12 2023-10-18 Osborne Dax Method of installing a flooring panel
US20220118745A1 (en) * 2020-10-19 2022-04-21 Tetro Ltd. Hybrid structure having suspension quality
US11981109B2 (en) * 2020-10-19 2024-05-14 Tetro Ltd. Hybrid structure having suspension quality

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