WO2013143489A1 - 手持电动工具及其控制方法 - Google Patents

手持电动工具及其控制方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2013143489A1
WO2013143489A1 PCT/CN2013/073449 CN2013073449W WO2013143489A1 WO 2013143489 A1 WO2013143489 A1 WO 2013143489A1 CN 2013073449 W CN2013073449 W CN 2013073449W WO 2013143489 A1 WO2013143489 A1 WO 2013143489A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
motor
current
current threshold
controller
voltage
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2013/073449
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
田角峰
周昶
马虹峰
鲍瑞那图•强尼
Original Assignee
苏州宝时得电动工具有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from CN201210105436.8A external-priority patent/CN103368480B/zh
Priority claimed from CN201210105446.1A external-priority patent/CN103368483B/zh
Priority claimed from CN201210105619.XA external-priority patent/CN103358289B/zh
Application filed by 苏州宝时得电动工具有限公司 filed Critical 苏州宝时得电动工具有限公司
Publication of WO2013143489A1 publication Critical patent/WO2013143489A1/zh

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Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25BTOOLS OR BENCH DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, FOR FASTENING, CONNECTING, DISENGAGING OR HOLDING
    • B25B21/00Portable power-driven screw or nut setting or loosening tools; Attachments for drilling apparatus serving the same purpose
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25BTOOLS OR BENCH DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, FOR FASTENING, CONNECTING, DISENGAGING OR HOLDING
    • B25B23/00Details of, or accessories for, spanners, wrenches, screwdrivers
    • B25B23/14Arrangement of torque limiters or torque indicators in wrenches or screwdrivers
    • B25B23/147Arrangement of torque limiters or torque indicators in wrenches or screwdrivers specially adapted for electrically operated wrenches or screwdrivers
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25FCOMBINATION OR MULTI-PURPOSE TOOLS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DETAILS OR COMPONENTS OF PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS NOT PARTICULARLY RELATED TO THE OPERATIONS PERFORMED AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B25F5/00Details or components of portable power-driven tools not particularly related to the operations performed and not otherwise provided for

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a hand-held power tool and a control method thereof.
  • a typical electric drill or screwdriver has a mechanical overload clutch between the tool carrier and the motor to limit the output torque.
  • the mechanical overload clutch is bulky and the torque adjustment accuracy is low.
  • the present invention provides a control method for a hand-held power tool having high torque limit accuracy.
  • a control method of a hand-held power tool includes a motor and a controller, and the controller outputs a first driving signal to control the motor, and the method includes the following steps : setting a first current threshold; the controller controls the motor speed to be maintained at a first speed predetermined value; detecting a motor current, the controller controlling the motor to stop when the motor current reaches the first current threshold.
  • the controller controls the rotation speed of the motor to remain at The first rotational speed is a predetermined value.
  • the first current threshold is equal to a sum of the second current threshold and a predetermined constant. Further, the controller calculates a voltage required to maintain a predetermined value of the first rotational speed based on the detected motor current and a predetermined value of the first rotational speed, and adjusts the actual voltage of the motor to the calculated voltage.
  • the controller uses the calculated voltage as a reference voltage, and detects the actual voltage of the motor in real time, and adjusts the first driving signal output by the controller according to the difference between the actual voltage of the motor and the reference voltage.
  • the present invention also provides a hand-held power tool including a housing, a motor located in the housing, a transmission mechanism driven by the motor, and a control circuit for controlling the motor, the control circuit comprising: a first setting unit, configured to a first current threshold; a controller coupled to the first setting unit; a storage unit coupled to the controller for storing the first current threshold; an electronic switch coupled to the motor, The controller outputs a first driving signal to the electronic switch, and the controller controls the rotation speed of the motor to be maintained at a first rotation speed predetermined value after the motor is started; and the current detecting unit connected to the electronic switch and the controller, For detecting motor current; the controller compares the motor current with the first current threshold, and when the motor current reaches the first current threshold, stops outputting the first driving signal to the electronic switch to control the
  • control circuit further includes a second setting unit, configured to set a second current threshold lower than the first current threshold, and the controller compares the motor current with the second current threshold, when the motor current reaches The second current threshold, the controller controls the rotational speed of the motor to be maintained at a first rotational speed predetermined value.
  • the controller calculates a second current threshold lower than the first current threshold, and compares the motor current with the second current threshold. When the motor current reaches the second current threshold, the controller controls the The rotational speed of the motor is maintained at a predetermined value of the first rotational speed.
  • a predetermined constant is stored in the storage unit, and the first current threshold is equal to a sum of the second current threshold and a predetermined constant.
  • the controller calculates a voltage required to maintain a predetermined value of the first rotational speed based on the detected motor current and a predetermined value of the first rotational speed, and adjusts the actual voltage of the motor to the calculated voltage.
  • control circuit further includes a voltage detecting unit for detecting an actual voltage of the motor, wherein the controller uses the calculated voltage as a reference voltage, and adjusts according to the difference between the detected actual voltage and the reference voltage.
  • the first drive signal is a voltage detecting unit for detecting an actual voltage of the motor, wherein the controller uses the calculated voltage as a reference voltage, and adjusts according to the difference between the detected actual voltage and the reference voltage. The first drive signal.
  • the hand-held power tool and the control method thereof of the invention maintain the motor speed when the motor current reaches a lower current threshold by setting two different current thresholds, and control the motor to stop when the motor current reaches a higher current threshold, thereby improving the motor speed.
  • the accuracy of the torque adjustment is a measure of the torque adjustment.
  • the invention also provides a control method of a hand-held power tool, the hand-held power tool comprising a motor and a controller, the controller outputting a first driving signal to control the motor, the method comprising the steps of: setting a third current Setting a fourth current threshold, the fourth current threshold is lower than the third current threshold; starting a motor and detecting a motor current in real time, maintaining a motor current when the motor current reaches the fourth current threshold When the motor speed drops to a predetermined value of the second speed, the controller dimension Holding the speed of the motor; when the motor current reaches the third current threshold, the controller controls the motor to stop.
  • the third current threshold is equal to a sum of the fourth current threshold and a predetermined constant.
  • the handheld power tool further includes a comparator, the comparator compares the detected motor current with the fourth current threshold, and outputs an on signal when the motor current is less than the fourth current threshold, and the motor current is greater than or equal to
  • the fourth current threshold outputs a turn-off signal and the on/off signal is loaded into the first drive signal.
  • the controller calculates a voltage required to maintain the second predetermined value of the second speed based on the detected motor current and the second predetermined value of the rotational speed, and adjusts the actual voltage of the motor to the calculated voltage.
  • the controller uses the calculated voltage as a reference voltage, and detects the actual voltage of the motor in real time, and adjusts the first driving signal output by the controller according to the difference between the actual voltage of the motor and the reference voltage.
  • the present invention also provides a hand-held power tool comprising a housing, a motor located in the housing, a transmission mechanism driven by the motor, and a control circuit for controlling the motor, wherein the control circuit comprises: a first setting unit And a second setting unit, configured to set a fourth current threshold, where the fourth current threshold is lower than the third current threshold; and connected to the first setting unit a controller connected to the controller, configured to store the third current threshold and a fourth current threshold; an electronic switch connected to the motor, the controller outputting a first driving signal to the electronic a current detecting unit connected to the electronic switch and the controller for detecting a motor current; a current limiting unit connected to the current detecting unit and the controller, wherein the current limiting unit compares the motor current with the a four current threshold, when the motor current reaches the fourth current threshold, maintaining the motor current as a fourth current threshold; the controller determines whether the motor speed drops to a predetermined value of the second speed, if the motor speed decreases to a predetermined value of the second speed,
  • a predetermined constant is stored in the memory, and the third current threshold is equal to a sum of a fourth current threshold and a predetermined constant.
  • the comparator compares the detected motor current with the fourth current threshold, outputs a turn-on signal when the motor current is less than the fourth current threshold, and outputs a turn-off signal when the motor current is greater than or equal to the fourth current threshold.
  • the on/off signal is loaded into the first drive signal.
  • the controller calculates and maintains the first according to the detected motor current and the second rotation speed predetermined value.
  • the voltage required for the predetermined value of the rotational speed adjusts the actual voltage of the motor to the calculated voltage.
  • the control circuit further includes a voltage detecting unit for detecting a voltage of the motor, wherein the controller uses the calculated voltage as a reference voltage, and adjusts the control according to the difference between the detected actual voltage and the reference voltage.
  • the first drive signal output by the device is a voltage detecting unit for detecting a voltage of the motor, wherein the controller uses the calculated voltage as a reference voltage, and adjusts the control according to the difference between the detected actual voltage and the reference voltage.
  • the hand-held power tool and the control method thereof of the invention maintain the motor current when the motor current reaches a lower current threshold by setting two different current thresholds, and maintain the motor speed when the motor speed drops to a predetermined value of the second speed, when the motor Controlling the motor to stop when the current reaches a higher current threshold increases the accuracy of the torque adjustment.
  • the invention also provides a control method for a hand-held power tool, the hand-held power tool comprising a motor and a controller, the controller outputting a first driving signal to control the motor, the control method comprising a first working phase and a second Working phase: in the first working phase, the motor is operated at a predetermined value of the third rotating speed to detect a motor parameter when the motor is stopped, and the controller sets a fifth current threshold according to the motor parameter; The motor is restarted, and the motor current is detected in real time. When the motor current reaches the fifth current threshold, the control motor current is not greater than the fifth current threshold.
  • the hand-held power tool has a work phase switch, and the work phase switch is operated to control the hand-held power tool to enter the first work phase or the second work phase.
  • the controller calculates a voltage required to maintain a predetermined value of the third rotational speed according to the detected motor current and a predetermined value of the third rotational speed, and the actual value of the motor The voltage is adjusted to the calculated voltage.
  • the controller uses the calculated voltage as a reference voltage, and detects the actual voltage of the motor in real time, and adjusts the first driving signal output by the controller according to the difference between the actual voltage of the motor and the reference voltage.
  • the controller calculates a torque when the motor current is a current when the motor is stopped and the motor speed is a predetermined value of the third rotation speed, and then calculates a torque corresponding to the torque and the motor speed is 0.
  • the current value of the motor is maintained to be the fifth current threshold, thereby controlling the motor current to be no greater than the fifth current threshold.
  • the handheld power tool includes a comparator, and the comparator compares the detected motor current with the fifth current threshold, and outputs a conduction signal when the motor current is less than the fifth current threshold, and the motor current is greater than or equal to the fifth
  • the current threshold is outputted with a turn-off signal, and an on/off signal is applied to the first drive signal output by the controller to maintain the motor current value as the fifth current threshold.
  • the controller controls the motor to stop, thereby The control motor current is not greater than the fifth current threshold.
  • the present invention also provides a current threshold setting method for a hand-held power tool, the hand-held power tool comprising a motor and a controller, the current threshold setting method comprising the steps of: maintaining a motor speed as a third speed predetermined value; detecting The motor current when the motor is stopped; the controller calculates the torque when the motor current is the current when the motor is stopped and the motor speed is the third speed predetermined value; and then calculates the zero speed corresponding to the torque and the motor speed is 0 The motor current is set to the fifth current threshold.
  • the invention also provides a hand-held power tool comprising a housing, a motor located in the housing, a transmission mechanism driven by the motor, and a control circuit for controlling the motor, wherein the control circuit comprises: a motor switch, disconnected The motor is stopped when the motor is switched; a current detecting unit is configured to detect a motor current; a controller connected to the current detecting unit, and the controller is configured according to a motor current when the motor is stopped.
  • a fifth current threshold a storage unit connected to the controller, configured to store the fifth current threshold; an electronic switch connected to the motor, the controller outputting a first driving signal to the electronic switch;
  • the current detecting unit and the current limiting unit connected to the controller, the current limiting unit controls the motor current to be no greater than the fifth current threshold when the motor current reaches the fifth current threshold.
  • the hand-held power tool has a work phase switch connected to the controller, and the work phase switch is operated to control the hand-held power tool to enter the first work phase or the second work phase, in the first work phase,
  • the controller sets a fifth current threshold according to the motor current that is stopped. In the second working phase, when the motor current reaches the fifth current threshold, the current limiting unit controls the motor current not to be greater than the fifth current threshold.
  • control circuit further includes a voltage detecting unit for detecting a voltage of the motor.
  • the controller calculates the third rotating speed according to the detected motor current and the third rotating speed predetermined value.
  • the required voltage is used as a reference voltage, and the first driving signal is adjusted according to the difference between the detected actual voltage and the reference voltage.
  • the storage unit pre-stores a data relationship between the motor current, the torque, and the motor speed.
  • the controller calculates the motor current as the current at the stop and the motor speed is the third speed predetermined value.
  • the torque at the time, the zero-speed motor current corresponding to the torque and the motor speed is 0 is calculated, and the zero-speed motor current is determined as the fifth current threshold.
  • the current limiting unit has a comparator connected to the current detecting unit and the controller, In the second working phase, the comparator compares the detected motor current with the fifth current threshold, and outputs a conduction signal when the motor current is less than the fifth current threshold, and outputs the shutdown when the motor current is greater than or equal to the fifth current threshold. a signal, the comparator loading the turn-on/off signal into the first drive signal.
  • the hand-held power tool and the control method thereof of the invention have a first working phase and a second working phase.
  • the fifth current threshold is set according to a motor parameter at the time of stopping; in the second working phase, when the motor current reaches the fifth current threshold, the control motor current is not greater than the fifth current threshold, so that the workpiece is consistent
  • the depth allows for less experienced users to operate handheld power tools.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic illustration of a hand held power tool.
  • FIG. 2 is a circuit block diagram of a hand-held power tool.
  • Figure 3 is a graph showing the relationship between torque, motor current, and motor speed of a hand-held power tool.
  • Figure 4 is a graph showing the relationship between motor current, motor voltage, and motor speed of a hand-held power tool.
  • 5 is a circuit block diagram of a first preferred embodiment of a manual mode of a hand-held power tool.
  • 6 is a circuit block diagram of a second preferred embodiment of a manual mode of a hand-held power tool.
  • Figure 7 is a circuit block diagram of the automatic mode of the hand-held power tool.
  • Fig. 8 is a flow chart showing a first preferred embodiment of the manual mode of the control method of the hand-held power tool.
  • Fig. 9 is a graph showing the relationship between the motor current, the number of revolutions, and the time of the first preferred embodiment of the manual mode of the control method of the hand-held power tool.
  • Fig. 10 is a flow chart showing a second preferred embodiment of the manual mode of the control method of the hand-held power tool.
  • Fig. 11 is a graph showing the relationship between the motor current, the rotational speed and the time in the second preferred embodiment of the manual mode of the control method of the hand-held power tool.
  • Figure 12 is a flow chart of an automatic mode of the control method of the hand-held power tool.
  • Figure 13 is a graph showing motor current, speed and time for the first stage of operation in Figure 12.
  • Figure 14 is a graph showing the relationship between motor current, speed and time in the second stage of operation of Figure 12. Its towel,
  • transmission device 40, fixture; 50, power supply module; 60, control circuit; S l, electronic switch; S2, motor switch;
  • 61 a controller
  • 62 a switch detecting unit
  • 63 a storage unit
  • 64 a first setting unit
  • 65 a second setting unit
  • 66 a current limiting unit
  • a hand-held power tool 100 such as an electric drill or a screwdriver, has a housing 10, a motor 20 disposed in the housing 10, a transmission 30 coupled to the motor 20, and a fixture driven by the transmission 30. 40.
  • a power supply module 50 for supplying power to the motor 20, and a control circuit 60 for controlling the motor 20.
  • the control circuit 60 has a controller 61, an electronic switch S1, a motor switch S2, a mode selection switch S3, a working phase switch S4, a resistor R1, a switch detecting unit 62, a storage unit 63, and a first setting unit. 64.
  • the positive pole of the motor 20 is connected to the positive pole of the power supply module 50 through the motor switch S2, and the negative pole is connected to the first end of the electronic switch S1.
  • the second end of the electronic switch S 1 is connected to the first end of the controller 61, and the third end is connected to the negative pole of the power supply module 50 via a resistor R1.
  • the second end of the controller 61 is connected to the node between the motor switch S2 and the motor 20, the third end is connected to the positive pole of the motor 20 through the voltage detecting unit 68, and the fourth end is passed through the current limiting unit 66 and the electronic switch S1.
  • the second end is connected, the fifth end is connected to the third end of the electronic switch S1 through the current detecting unit 67, the sixth end is connected to the first setting unit 64, and the seventh end is connected to the second setting unit 65,
  • the eighth end is connected to the mode selection switch S3, the ninth end is connected to the working phase changeover switch S4, and the tenth end is connected to the storage unit 63.
  • the controller 61 is an MCU that outputs a first driving signal to the electronic switch S1.
  • the current limiting unit 66 is also coupled to the current detecting unit 67.
  • the first end of the switch detecting unit 62 is connected to the positive terminal of the power supply module 50, and the second end is connected to the second end of the controller 61.
  • the hand-held power tool 100 of the present invention can selectively operate in a manual mode or an automatic mode.
  • the manual mode the user can obtain high precision by performing torque adjustment by the first setting unit 64.
  • the automatic mode the handheld power tool 100 has a first working phase for automatically setting a current threshold, and according to the setting.
  • the second working phase of the current limit threshold for torque limitation facilitates the less experienced user to operate the hand-held power tool 100 and achieve a consistent screw-in depth for workpieces such as screws.
  • the user can operate the mode selection switch S3 as needed to switch to the manual mode or the automatic mode.
  • the work phase changeover switch S4 can be operated to switch to the first work phase or the second work phase of the automatic mode.
  • the manual mode includes a first preferred embodiment of constant speed control and a second preferred embodiment in which constant current control is performed first and then constant speed control is performed. It should be noted that the manual mode can only be set to one of them, that is, the hand-held power tool 100 has the functions of the automatic mode and the manual mode of the first embodiment, or the hand-held power tool 100 has the automatic mode and the manual mode. The function.
  • the mode selection switch S3, the work phase changeover switch S4, and the first setting unit 64 can be triggered by the same trigger member, and the trigger member is a toggle switch.
  • the toggle switch When the toggle switch is toggled to a different position, different operating modes, working phases or different current thresholds are triggered.
  • the relationship between the output torque T of the motor 20 of the hand-held power tool and the motor current and the motor speed N is as follows: When the motor current is constant, the higher the motor speed N, the smaller the torque T; When N is constant, the larger the motor current, the larger the torque T. When the torque T is constant, the motor current is higher, and the motor speed N is higher. Therefore, in the case where the motor speed N is determined, the torque T has a corresponding relationship with the motor current, and limiting the torque T of the motor 20 by limiting the motor current greatly improves the accuracy of the torque adjustment.
  • the control circuit 60 has a controller 61 , an electronic switch S l , a motor switch S2 , a resistor R1 , a voltage detecting unit 68 , The current detecting unit 67, the first setting unit 64, the second setting unit 65, and the storage unit 63.
  • the motor 20 is controlled by a controller 61 and an electronic switch S 1 .
  • the user operates the first setting unit 64 to manually set the first current threshold II.
  • the second setting unit 65 sets a second current threshold 12 that is lower than the first current threshold I I .
  • the storage unit 63 stores a plurality of predetermined constants, each predetermined constant corresponds to a different first current threshold, the second setting unit 65 is a separate subtractor, and the second setting unit 65 A current threshold X is subtracted from the predetermined constant to obtain a second current threshold 12.
  • the second current threshold 12 can also be calculated by software, that is, the controller 61 functions as the second setting unit 65, and the second current threshold 12 is calculated. In other embodiments, the user can also directly operate the second setting unit 65 to manually set the second current threshold 12.
  • the storage unit 63 holds the first current threshold I I and the second current threshold 12.
  • the motor switch S2 is a trigger, and the user presses the trigger of the hand-held power tool 100 to start the motor 20.
  • the current detecting unit 67 detects the motor current.
  • the controller 61 compares the detected motor current with a second current threshold 12, and when the motor current reaches the second current threshold 12, the controller 61 controls the rotational speed of the motor 20 to remain at the first rotational speed predetermined value N1.
  • the first rotational speed predetermined value N1 is lower than the motor rotational speed in the normal operating state, so that the motor can react quickly in subsequent control.
  • the motor speed N is related to the motor voltage and motor current I, and the motor current I increases correspondingly when the load increases, if the motor speed N needs to be maintained, the corresponding motor voltage needs to be increased. Therefore, the voltage value required to maintain the first rotation speed predetermined value N1 can be calculated according to the detected motor current I, and then the actual voltage of the motor 20 can be adjusted to the calculated voltage value to maintain the motor rotation speed N as the first rotation speed predetermined value N l . .
  • the first rotational speed predetermined value N 1 is stored in the storage unit 63
  • the current detecting unit 67 detects the motor current
  • the controller 61 calculates and maintains according to the first rotational speed predetermined value N 1 and the detected motor current.
  • the voltage value required for the first rotational speed predetermined value N 1 is used as the reference voltage.
  • the voltage detecting unit 68 detects the actual voltage of the motor 20 in real time, and the controller 61 adjusts the first driving signal outputted by the controller 61 according to the difference between the detected actual voltage and the reference voltage, thereby maintaining the motor speed.
  • the first driving signal is a pulse width modulation signal
  • the controller 61 reduces the duty ratio of the first driving signal; if the actual voltage of the motor 20 is less than the reference voltage
  • the controller 61 increases the duty ratio of the first drive signal.
  • the controller 61 While maintaining the motor speed, the controller 61 continues to detect the motor current through the current detecting unit 67, and compares the detected motor current with the first current threshold II. When the motor current reaches the first current threshold II, the controller 61 stops outputting the first drive signal to control the motor 20 to stop.
  • the control circuit 60 has a controller 61 , an electronic switch S l , a motor switch S2 , a resistor R1 , a voltage detecting unit 68 , The current detecting unit 67, the current limiting unit 66, the first setting unit 64, the second setting unit 65, and the storage unit 63.
  • the user operates the first setting unit 64 to manually set the third current threshold 13.
  • the second setting unit 65 sets a fourth current threshold 14 that is lower than the third current threshold 13 .
  • the storage unit 63 stores a plurality of predetermined constants, each predetermined constant corresponds to a different third current threshold, the second setting unit 65 is a separate subtractor, and the second setting unit 65
  • the third current threshold B is subtracted from the predetermined constant to obtain a fourth current threshold 14.
  • the third current threshold 13 can also be calculated by means of software, that is, the controller 61 has the function of the second setting unit 65, and the calculation is fourth. Current threshold 14.
  • the user can also directly operate the second setting unit 65 to manually set the fourth current threshold 14.
  • the storage unit 63 holds the third current threshold 13 and the fourth current threshold 14.
  • the motor switch S2 is a trigger, and the user presses the trigger of the hand-held power tool 100 to start the motor 20.
  • the current detecting unit 67 detects the motor current.
  • the current limiting unit 66 compares the detected motor current with the fourth current threshold 14. When the motor current reaches the fourth current threshold 14, the current limiting unit 66 controls the motor current to remain at the fourth current threshold 14, and the speed of the motor 20 It will fall.
  • the current limiting unit 66 has a comparator that outputs a turn-on signal when the detected motor current is less than the fourth current threshold 14, and outputs a turn-off signal when the detected motor current is greater than or equal to the fourth current threshold 14.
  • the on/off signal is fed back to the first drive signal output by the controller 61 to obtain a second drive signal to maintain the motor current value at the fourth current threshold 14.
  • the controller 61 determines the rotational speed of the motor 20 and when the motor rotational speed drops to the second rotational speed predetermined value N2, the controller 61 controls the rotational speed of the motor 20 to remain at the second rotational speed predetermined value N2.
  • the second rotational speed predetermined value N2 is lower than the motor rotational speed in the normal operating state, so that the motor can react quickly in subsequent control.
  • the controller 61 detects the actual voltage of the motor 20 through the voltage detecting unit 68, thereby determining the motor speed.
  • the second rotational speed predetermined value N2 is stored in the storage unit 63.
  • the controller 61 calculates the motor voltage when the motor speed is N2 and the motor current is 14.
  • the voltage detecting unit 68 detects the actual voltage of the motor 20, and the actual voltage of the motor 20 When falling to the motor voltage value calculated by the controller 61, the controller 61 controls the rotation speed of the motor 20 to be maintained at the second rotation speed predetermined value N2.
  • the controller 61 calculates a voltage value required to maintain the second rotational speed predetermined value N2 based on the second rotational speed predetermined value N 2 and the detected motor current, and the voltage value required to maintain the second rotational speed predetermined value N2 is the reference voltage.
  • the controller 61 detects the actual voltage of the motor 20 through the voltage detecting unit 68, and adjusts the first driving signal outputted by the controller 61 according to the difference between the detected actual voltage and the reference voltage, thereby maintaining the motor speed.
  • the controller 61 While maintaining the motor speed, the controller 61 continues to detect the motor current through the current detecting unit 67, and compares the detected motor current with the third current threshold 12, when the detected motor current reaches the third current threshold 13 The controller 61 stops outputting the first drive signal to control the motor 20 to stop.
  • the control circuit 60 has a controller 61, an electronic switch S l , a motor switch S2 , a resistor R1 , a working phase switch S4 , a voltage detecting unit 68 , a current detecting unit 67 , The storage unit 63, the current limiting unit 66, and the switch detecting unit 62.
  • Motor 20 It is controlled by the controller 61 and the electronic switch S 1 .
  • the operating stage switching switch S4 can switch the hand-held power tool 100 to the first working phase, at which time the hand-held power tool 100 is operated by an experienced user, and the controller 61 controls the speed of the motor 20 to remain at the third speed predetermined value N3.
  • the third rotational speed predetermined value N3 in this embodiment may be the first rotational speed predetermined value N 1 in the first embodiment of the manual mode of the hand-held power tool 100 or the second embodiment in the manual mode.
  • the second rotational speed predetermined value N2 is the same.
  • the third rotational speed predetermined value N3 is stored in the storage unit 63
  • the current detecting unit 67 detects the motor current
  • the controller 61 calculates the third rotational speed predetermined value N3 according to the third rotational speed predetermined value N3 and the detected motor current.
  • the required voltage value and the voltage value required to maintain the third rotational speed predetermined value N3 are the reference voltages.
  • the controller 61 detects the actual voltage of the motor 20 through the voltage detecting unit 68, and adjusts the first driving signal outputted by the controller 61 according to the difference between the detected actual voltage and the reference voltage, thereby maintaining the motor speed.
  • the switch detecting unit 62 detects the state of the motor switch S2 and transmits a corresponding signal to the controller 61.
  • the controller 61 When the switch detecting unit 62 detects that the motor switch S2 is off, the controller 61 records the motor current la at this time through the current detecting unit 67, and automatically sets the fifth current threshold lb according to the motor current la at the time of stopping, the fifth The current threshold lb corresponds to the corresponding target torque.
  • the controller 61 calculates the torque T 1 when the motor current is Ia and the motor speed is the third speed predetermined value N3 according to the data relationship between the motor current, the torque T, and the motor speed N in FIG. 2, and then The motor current when the torque is T l and the motor speed is 0 is calculated, and the motor current is determined as the fifth current threshold Ib.
  • the current detecting unit 67 detects the motor current.
  • the current limiting unit 66 compares the detected motor current with the fifth current threshold lb. When the detected motor current reaches the fifth current threshold lb, the current limiting unit 66 controls the motor current to remain at the fifth current threshold lb, thereby controlling the motor. The current is not greater than the fifth current threshold lb, at which time the motor speed drops.
  • the current limiting unit 66 has a comparator, and the comparator outputs a turn-on signal when the detected motor current is less than the fifth current threshold lb, and outputs a turn-off signal when the detected motor current is greater than or equal to the fifth current threshold lb. And feeding back the on/off signal to the first driving signal to obtain a second driving signal, thereby maintaining the motor current value as the fifth current threshold I b .
  • the controller 61 determines the rotational speed of the motor 20 and decreases in the motor speed. At a fixed value, the controller 61 controls the motor 20 to stop. Since the motor current is constant, the smaller the motor voltage, the lower the motor speed, so the motor speed can be judged by detecting the motor voltage.
  • the controller 61 detects the duty ratio of the second driving signal.
  • the duty ratio of the second driving signal is lower than a specific value, such as 0.1, indicating that the motor voltage is lower than a predetermined value, further indicating that the motor speed is low.
  • the controller 61 stops outputting the first drive signal at this time, thereby controlling the motor 20 to stop.
  • the handheld power tool 100 of the present invention may also have the function of the first embodiment of the manual mode alone without the function of the automatic mode, the function of the second embodiment having the manual mode alone, and the function of the automatic mode. , or a function that has an automatic mode alone and does not have a manual mode.
  • the present invention also provides two methods of controlling the hand-held power tool 100: a manual mode and an automatic mode.
  • the manual mode includes a first preferred embodiment of constant speed control and a second preferred embodiment in which constant current control is performed followed by constant speed control.
  • the first preferred embodiment of the manual mode includes the following steps:
  • Step S101 The first current threshold II is manually set, and the user can set a current threshold corresponding to the target torque by operating the first setting unit 64 on the hand-held power tool 100.
  • Step S102 Manually or automatically calculate the second current threshold 12, and the second current threshold 12 is lower than the first current threshold II, and the first current threshold II is equal to the sum of the second current threshold 12 and a predetermined constant.
  • the second current threshold 12 is calculated by the controller 61 in the hand-held power tool 100.
  • Step S103 The user presses the trigger of the hand-held power tool 100 to start the motor 20.
  • Step S104 Detect the motor current in real time.
  • Step S105 It is judged whether the motor current reaches the second current threshold 12, if yes, the process goes to step S106, otherwise the process returns to step S104.
  • Step S106 When the motor current reaches the second current threshold 12, the rotation speed of the control motor 20 is maintained at the first rotation speed predetermined value N1.
  • the first rotational speed predetermined value N1 is lower than the motor rotational speed in the normal operating state.
  • Step S107 It is judged whether the motor current reaches the first current threshold II, if yes, the process goes to step S108, otherwise the process returns to step S106.
  • Step S108 When the motor current reaches the first current threshold II, the control motor 20 is stopped.
  • the motor speed N is related to the motor voltage and motor current I, and the motor current I increases correspondingly when the load increases, if the motor speed N needs to be maintained, the corresponding motor voltage needs to be increased. Therefore, the voltage value required to maintain the first predetermined value N1 of the first speed can be calculated based on the detected motor current I, and the motor speed N can be maintained to maintain the motor speed N as the first speed predetermined value N1.
  • the storage unit 63 stores a first rotation speed predetermined value N1
  • the current detecting unit 67 detects the motor current
  • the controller 61 calculates the first rotation speed according to the first rotation speed predetermined value N1 and the detected motor current.
  • the voltage value required by the controller 61 to maintain the first rotational speed predetermined value N1 is the reference voltage.
  • the controller 61 detects the actual voltage of the motor 20 in real time through the voltage detecting unit 68, and adjusts the first driving signal outputted by the controller 61 according to the difference between the detected actual voltage and the reference voltage, thereby maintaining the motor speed.
  • the fourth current threshold 14 is used as a reference threshold, and the current threshold is maintained for a period of time, and then the motor speed is maintained to complete the fastening of the workpiece.
  • the second preferred embodiment of the manual mode includes the following steps:
  • Step S201 Manually setting the third current threshold 13 .
  • Step S202 Manually or automatically calculate a fourth current threshold 14, and the second current threshold 14 is lower than the third current threshold.
  • the third current threshold B is equal to the sum of the fourth current threshold 14 and a predetermined constant.
  • Step S203 The user presses the trigger of the hand-held power tool 100 to start the motor 20.
  • Step S204 Detecting the motor current in real time.
  • Step S205 It is judged whether the motor current reaches the fourth current threshold 14. If yes, the process goes to step S206, otherwise the process returns to step S204.
  • Step S206 When the motor current reaches the fourth current threshold 14, the motor current is maintained at the fourth current threshold 14.
  • Step S207 It is judged whether the motor rotation speed has decreased to the second rotation speed predetermined value N2, if yes, the process goes to step S208, otherwise the process returns to step S206.
  • the second rotational speed predetermined value N2 is lower than the motor rotational speed in the normal operating state.
  • Step S208 The rotation speed of the control motor 20 is maintained at the second rotation speed predetermined value N2.
  • Step S209 It is judged whether the motor current reaches the third current threshold B. If yes, the process goes to step S210, otherwise the process returns to step S208.
  • Step S210 When the motor current reaches the third current threshold D, the control motor 20 is stopped.
  • the control motor speed N is constant, and when the motor current reaches the third current threshold B, the control motor 20 is stopped, thereby limiting the motor current I, further limiting the output of the motor 20.
  • the torque T makes the accuracy of the torque adjustment much higher.
  • the automatic mode has a first working phase and a second working phase.
  • the handheld power tool 100 In the first working phase, the handheld power tool 100 automatically sets a parameter threshold, and in the second working phase, the handheld power tool 100 according to the set parameter threshold. Perform torque limits.
  • the automatic mode includes the following steps in the first working phase:
  • Step S301 Start the motor 20, and the hand-held power tool 100 is operated by an experienced user.
  • the user disconnects the motor switch S2 to control the motor 20 to stop according to working conditions, such as the workpiece reaching a desired depth, position, and the like.
  • the motor speed N is constant, the larger the motor current is, the larger the torque T is. Therefore, the motor speed is maintained in the first working phase, so that the parameter threshold set according to the motor current at the time of the stop is more accurate.
  • the motor rotation speed in the first working phase is maintained at the third rotation speed predetermined value N3.
  • the motor speed is maintained to be the third speed predetermined value N3 by adjusting the motor voltage.
  • the specific method is the same as step S6 in the first preferred embodiment of the manual mode, and will not be described again.
  • Step S302 Automatically detect at least one motor parameter when the machine is stopped.
  • the motor parameter is the motor current, and the motor current Ia at the time of shutdown is recorded.
  • Step S303 The parameter threshold is automatically set according to the recorded motor parameter, and the parameter threshold corresponds to the corresponding target torque.
  • the fifth current threshold value Ib is set in accordance with the motor current la.
  • the controller 61 calculates the torque T 1 when the motor current is Ia and the motor speed is the third speed predetermined value N3, and then calculates the torque.
  • the moment T l , the motor current when the motor speed is 0, and the motor current is determined as the fifth current threshold Ib.
  • the automatic mode includes the following steps in the second working phase:
  • Step S304 Restart the motor 20.
  • Step S305 The hand-held power tool 100 is operated by a less experienced user to detect the corresponding motor parameters of the motor 20 in real time.
  • the current of the motor 20 is detected in real time.
  • Step S306 Comparing the detected motor parameters with the parameter thresholds to determine whether the detected motor parameters reach the above parameter threshold. If yes, go to step S307, otherwise return to step S305.
  • Step S307 The control motor parameter is not greater than the parameter threshold. In this way, the torque is not greater than the target torque, so that the workpiece reaches a depth consistent with the first working phase, which facilitates the operation of less experienced users.
  • the current value of the motor 20 is maintained as the fifth current threshold lb, so that the control motor current is not greater than the fifth current threshold Ib.
  • the motor current increases rapidly and the motor current rises steadily.
  • the motor current continues to increase with the increase of the load; at time t2- In t3, after the motor current reaches the fifth current threshold lb, the control motor current is maintained at the fifth current threshold lb, and the motor speed decreases.
  • the motor 20 is stopped when the motor speed drops to a certain value (if the speed is zero).
  • the first current threshold I I is the fifth current threshold Ib automatically set in the first working phase.
  • the hand-held power tool 100 in this embodiment has a manual mode and an automatic mode.
  • manual mode two different current thresholds are manually set, the motor speed is maintained when the motor current reaches a lower current threshold, and the motor 20 is controlled to stop when the motor current reaches a higher current threshold, thereby improving torque regulation.
  • Accuracy In the first working phase of the automatic mode, the experienced user controls the motor 20 to stop according to the working condition, and sets the parameter threshold according to the motor parameter at the time of stopping. When the motor parameter reaches the parameter threshold, the control motor parameter is not greater than the parameter threshold. The workpiece is brought to a uniform depth, which facilitates the operation of the hand-held power tool 100 by less experienced users.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Control Of Electric Motors In General (AREA)

Abstract

一种手持电动工具的控制方法,设定第一电流阈值(I1)以及较低的第二电流阈值(I2),当电机电流达到第二电流阈值(I2)时,维持电机转速,当电机电流达到所述第一电流阈值(I1)时,控制电机停机,从而提高了扭矩调节的精确度。

Description

手持电动工具及其控制方法 技术领域
本发明涉及一种手持电动工具及其控制方法。
背景技术
对于手持电动工具, 如电钻或螺丝批, 通常需要对其输出的扭矩进行限制, 以防止损坏工件或烧毁电机。
一般的电钻或螺丝批在刀具携动件与电机之间设有机械式过载离合器, 以 限制输出扭矩。 然而, 机械式过载离合器的体积较大, 扭矩调节的精确度较低。
还有一些电钻或螺丝批釆用电子的方式限制输出扭矩, 由于永磁激励的直 流电机的扭矩大致与电机电流成比例, 通过限制电机电流基本上可以限制相应 的扭矩。 此种方式比起机械式过载离合器体积减小, 精确度有所提高。 然而直 流电机的扭矩并不只与电机电流有关, 仅通过限制电机电流来限制扭矩, 其精 确度仍然不高, 因此有必要对现有的手持电动工具进行改进。
发明内容
针对现有技术存在的不足, 本发明提供一种扭矩限制精确度高的手持电动 工具的控制方法。
本发明的技术方案是这样实现的: 一种手持电动工具的控制方法, 所述手 持电动工具包括电机及控制器, 所述控制器输出第一驱动信号控制所述电机, 所述方法包括以下步骤: 设定第一电流阈值; 所述控制器控制电机转速维持在 第一转速预定值; 侦测电机电流, 当电机电流达到所述第一电流阈值时, 所述 控制器控制所述电机停机。
进一步地, 在设定第一电流阈值后, 设定低于所述第一电流阈值的第二电 流阈值, 当电机电流达到所述第二电流阈值时, 所述控制器控制电机的转速保 持在第一转速预定值。
更进一步地, 所述第一电流阈值等于第二电流阈值与预定的常数之和。 进一步地, 所述控制器根据侦测的电机电流与第一转速预定值计算维持第 一转速预定值所需的电压, 将所述电机的实际电压调节到计算得到的电压。
更进一步地, 所述控制器以计算得到的电压为基准电压, 并实时侦测电机 的实际电压, 根据电机的实际电压与基准电压之差调节所述控制器输出的第一 驱动信号。 本发明还提供一种手持电动工具, 包括壳体、 位于壳体内的电机、 由电机 驱动的传动机构以及用于控制电机的控制电路, 所述控制电路包括: 第一设定 单元, 用于设定第一电流阈值; 与所述第一设定单元相连的控制器; 与所述控 制器相连的存储单元, 用于存储所述第一电流阈值; 与所述电机相连的电子开 关, 所述控制器输出第一驱动信号给所述电子开关, 所述控制器在电机启动后 控制所述电机的转速保持在第一转速预定值; 与所述电子开关及控制器相连的 电流侦测单元, 用于侦测电机电流; 所述控制器比较电机电流与所述第一电流 阈值, 当电机电流达到第一电流阈值时, 停止输出所述第一驱动信号给所述电 子开关, 以控制所述电机停机。
进一步地, 所述控制电路还包括第二设定单元, 用于设定低于所述第一电 流阈值的第二电流阈值, 所述控制器比较电机电流与第二电流阈值, 当电机电 流达到第二电流阈值时, 所述控制器控制所述电机的转速保持在第一转速预定 值。
进一步地, 所述控制器计算得到低于所述第一电流阈值的第二电流阈值, 并比较电机电流与第二电流阈值, 当电机电流达到第二电流阈值时, 所述控制 器控制所述电机的转速保持在第一转速预定值。
进一步地, 所述存储单元中还存储有预定的常数, 所述第一电流阈值等于 第二电流阈值与预定的常数之和。
进一步地, 所述控制器根据侦测的电机电流及第一转速预定值计算维持第 一转速预定值所需的电压, 将所述电机的实际电压调节到计算得到的电压。
更进一步地, 所述控制电路还包括用于侦测电机的实际电压的电压侦测单 元, 所述控制器以计算得到的电压为基准电压, 并根据侦测的实际电压与基准 电压之差调节所述第一驱动信号。
本发明手持电动工具及其控制方法通过设定两个不同的电流阈值, 当电机 电流达到较低的电流阈值时维持电机转速, 当电机电流达到较高的电流阈值时 控制电机停机, 从而提高了扭矩调节的精确度。
本发明还提供一种手持电动工具的控制方法, 所述手持电动工具包括电机 及控制器, 所述控制器输出第一驱动信号控制所述电机, 所述方法包括以下步 骤: 设定第三电流阈值; 设定第四电流阈值, 所述第四电流阈值低于所述第三 电流阈值; 启动电机并实时侦测电机电流, 当所述电机电流达到所述第四电流 阈值时, 维持电机电流; 当电机转速下降到第二转速预定值时, 所述控制器维 持电机的转速; 当电机电流达到所述第三电流阈值时, 所述控制器控制所述电 机停机。
进一步地, 所述第三电流阈值等于第四电流阈值与预定的常数之和。
进一步地, 所述手持电动工具还包括比较器, 所述比较器比较侦测的电机 电流与所述第四电流阈值, 在电机电流小于第四电流阈值时输出导通信号, 在 电机电流大于等于第四电流阈值时输出关断信号, 并将导通 /关断信号加载到第 一驱动信号中。
进一步地, 所述控制器根据侦测的电机电流与第二转速预定值计算维持第 二转速预定值所需的电压, 将所述电机的实际电压调节到计算得到的电压。
更进一步地, 所述控制器以计算得到的电压为基准电压, 并实时侦测电机 的实际电压, 根据电机的实际电压与基准电压之差调节所述控制器输出的第一 驱动信号。
本发明还提供一种手持电动工具, 包括壳体、 位于壳体内的电机、 由电机 驱动的传动机构以及用于控制电机的控制电路, 其特征在于, 所述控制电路包 括: 第一设定单元, 用于设定第三电流阈值; 第二设定单元, 用于设定第四电 流阈值, 所述第四电流阈值低于所述第三电流阈值; 与所述第一设定单元相连 的控制器; 与所述控制器相连的存储单元, 用于存储所述第三电流阈值及第四 电流阈值; 与所述电机相连的电子开关, 所述控制器输出第一驱动信号给所述 电子开关; 与所述电子开关及控制器相连的电流侦测单元, 用于侦测电机电流; 与所述电流侦测单元及控制器相连的限流单元, 所述限流单元比较电机电流与 第四电流阈值, 当电机电流达到第四电流阈值时, 维持电机电流为第四电流阈 值; 所述控制器判断电机转速是否下降到第二转速预定值, 若电机转速是否下 降到第二转速预定值, 则维持电机转速为第二转速预定值; 所述控制器在电机 电流达到第三电流阈值时, 停止输出所述第一驱动信号给所述电子开关, 以控 制所述电机停机。
进一步地, 所述存储器中还存储有预定的常数, 所述第三电流阈值等于第 四电流阈值与预定的常数之和。
进一步地, 所述比较器比较侦测的电机电流与所述第四电流阈值, 在电机 电流小于第四电流阈值时输出导通信号, 在电机电流大于等于第四电流阈值时 输出关断信号, 并将导通 /关断信号加载到第一驱动信号中。
进一步地, 所述控制器根据侦测的电机电流与第二转速预定值计算维持第 二转速预定值所需的电压, 将所述电机的实际电压调节到计算得到的电压。 更进一步地, 所述控制电路还包括用于侦测电机电压的电压侦测单元, 所 述控制器以计算得到的电压为基准电压, 根据侦测的实际电压与基准电压之差 调节所述控制器输出的第一驱动信号。
本发明手持电动工具及其控制方法通过设定不同的两个电流阈值, 当电机 电流达到较低的电流阈值时维持电机电流, 当电机转速下降到第二转速预定值 时维持电机转速, 当电机电流达到较高的电流阈值时控制电机停机, 提高了扭 矩调节的精确度。
本发明还提供一种手持电动工具的控制方法, 所述手持电动工具包括电机 及控制器, 所述控制器输出第一驱动信号控制所述电机, 所述控制方法包括第 一工作阶段及第二工作阶段: 第一工作阶段中, 以第三转速预定值运行电机, 侦测所述电机停机时的一个电机参数, 所述控制器根据所述电机参数设定第五 电流阈值; 第二工作阶段中, 重新启动电机, 并实时侦测电机电流, 当电机电 流达到所述第五电流阈值时, 控制电机电流不大于所述第五电流阈值。
进一步地, 所述手持电动工具具有工作阶段切换开关, 操作该工作阶段切 换开关, 以控制手持电动工具进入第一工作阶段或第二工作阶段。
进一步地, 在第一工作阶段中, 侦测电机电流, 所述控制器根据侦测的电 机电流与第三转速预定值计算维持第三转速预定值所需的电压, 并将所述电机 的实际电压调节到计算得到的电压。
更进一步地, 所述控制器以计算得到的电压为基准电压, 并实时侦测电机 的实际电压, 根据电机的实际电压与基准电压之差调节所述控制器输出的第一 驱动信号。
进一步地, 侦测所述电机停机时的电流, 所述控制器计算电机电流为电机 停机时的电流且电机转速为第三转速预定值时的扭矩, 再计算对应于该扭矩且 电机转速为 0时的零速电机电流,并将所述零速电机电流确定为第五电流阈值。
进一步地, 在第二工作阶段中, 维持所述电机的电流值为所述第五电流阈 值, 从而控制电机电流不大于所述第五电流阈值。
更进一步地, 所述手持电动工具包括比较器, 比较器比较侦测的电机电流 与所述第五电流阈值, 在电机电流小于第五电流阈值时输出导通信号, 在电机 电流大于等于第五电流阈值时输出关断信号, 并将导通 /关断信号加载到所述控 制器输出的第一驱动信号中, 从而维持电机电流值为所述第五电流阈值。 进一步地, 在第二工作阶段中, 维持所述电机转速为第三转速预定值, 侦 测电机电流, 当电机电流达到所述第五电流阈值时, 所述控制器控制所述电机 停机, 从而控制电机电流不大于所述第五电流阈值。
本发明还提供一种手持电动工具的电流阈值设定方法, 所述手持电动工具 包括电机及控制器, 所述电流阈值设定方法包括以下步骤: 维持电机转速为第 三转速预定值; 侦测所述电机停机时的电机电流; 所述控制器计算电机电流为 电机停机时的电流且电机转速为第三转速预定值时的扭矩; 再计算对应于该扭 矩且电机转速为 0时的零速电机电流, 并将所述零速电机电流设定为第五电流 阈值。
本发明还提供一种手持电动工具, 包括壳体、 位于壳体内的电机、 由电机 驱动的传动机构以及用于控制电机的控制电路, 其特征在于, 所述控制电路包 括: 电机开关, 断开所述电机开关时所述电机停机; 电流侦测单元, 用于侦测 电机电流; 与所述电流侦测单元相连的控制器, 所述控制器根据所述电机停机 时的电机电流设定第五电流阈值; 与所述控制器相连的存储单元, 用于存储所 述第五电流阈值; 与所述电机相连的电子开关, 所述控制器输出第一驱动信号 给所述电子开关; 与所述电流侦测单元及控制器相连的限流单元, 所述限流单 元在电机电流达到第五电流阈值时, 控制电机电流不大于所述第五电流阈值。
进一步地, 所述手持电动工具具有与所述控制器相连的工作阶段切换开 关, 操作该工作阶段切换开关以控制手持电动工具进入第一工作阶段或第二工 作阶段, 在第一工作阶段, 所述控制器根据停机的电机电流设定第五电流阈值, 在第二工作阶段, 在电机电流达到第五电流阈值时, 所述限流单元控制电机电 流不大于所述第五电流阈值。
更进一步地, 所述控制电路还包括用于侦测电机电压的电压侦测单元, 在 第一工作阶段, 所述控制器根据侦测的电机电流及第三转速预定值计算维持第 三转速预定值所需的电压, 以计算得到的电压为基准电压, 并根据侦测的实际 电压与基准电压之差调节所述第一驱动信号。
更进一步地, 所述存储单元预先存储电机电流、 扭矩及电机转速之间的数 据关系, 在第一工作阶段, 所述控制器计算电机电流为停机时的电流且电机转 速为第三转速预定值时的扭矩, 再计算对应于该扭矩且电机转速为 0时的零速 电机电流, 并将所述零速该电机电流确定为第五电流阈值。
更进一步地, 所述限流单元具有与电流侦测单元及控制器相连的比较器, 在第二工作阶段, 所述比较器比较侦测的电机电流与第五电流阈值, 并在电机 电流小于第五电流阈值时输出导通信号, 在电机电流大于等于第五电流阈值时 输出关断信号, 所述比较器将所述导通信号 /关断信号加载到所述第一驱动信号 中。
本发明手持电动工具及其控制方法具有第一工作阶段及第二工作阶段。 第 一工作阶段中, 根据停机时的一个电机参数设定第五电流阈值; 第二工作阶段 中, 当电机电流达到第五电流阈值时, 控制电机电流不大于第五电流阈值, 使 工件达到一致的深度, 方便了经验较少的使用者操作手持电动工具。
附图说明
下面结合附图和实施例对本发明作进一步说明:
图 1是手持电动工具的示意图。
图 2是手持电动工具的电路模块图。
图 3是手持电动工具的扭矩、 电机电流及电机转速的关系曲线图。
图 4是手持电动工具的电机电流、 电机电压及电机转速的关系曲线图。 图 5是手持电动工具的人工模式的第一较佳实施方式的电路模块图。 图 6是手持电动工具的人工模式的第二较佳实施方式的电路模块图。 图 7是手持电动工具的自动模式的电路模块图。
图 8是手持电动工具的控制方法的人工模式的第一较佳实施方式的流程 图。
图 9是手持电动工具的控制方法的人工模式的第一较佳实施方式的电机电 流、 转速与时间的关系曲线图。
图 10是手持电动工具的控制方法的人工模式的第二较佳实施方式的流程 图。
图 1 1是手持电动工具的控制方法的人工模式的第二较佳实施方式的电机 电流、 转速与时间的关系曲线图。
图 12是手持电动工具的控制方法的自动模式的流程图。
图 13是图 12中第一工作阶段的电机电流、 转速与时间的关系曲线图。 图 14是图 12中第二工作阶段的电机电流、 转速与时间的关系曲线图。 其巾,
100、 手持电动工具; 10、 壳体; 20、 电机;
30、 传动装置; 40、 夹具; 50、 供电模组; 60、 控制电路; S l、 电子开关; S2、 电机开关;
S3、 模式选择开关; S4、 工作阶段切换开关; Rl、 电阻;
61、 控制器; 62、 开关检测单元; 63、 存储单元;
64、 第一设定单元; 65、 第二设定单元; 66、 限流单元;
67、 电流侦测单元; 68、 电压侦测单元;
具体实施方式
参照图 1所示, 一种手持电动工具 100 , 如电钻或螺丝批, 具有壳体 10 , 设置于壳体 10 内的电机 20 , 与电机 20相连的传动装置 30 , 由传动装置 30带 动的夹具 40 , 用于给电机 20供电的供电模组 50 , 用于对电机 20进行控制的控 制电路 60。
请参考图 2 , 控制电路 60具有控制器 61、 电子开关 S l、 电机开关 S2、 模 式选择开关 S3、 工作阶段切换开关 S4、 电阻 Rl、 开关检测单元 62、 存储单元 63、 第一设定单元 64、 第二设定单元 65、 限流单元 66、 电流侦测单元 67及电 压侦测单元 68。
电机 20 的正极通过电机开关 S2与供电模组 50 的正极相连, 负极与电子 开关 S 1 的第一端相连。 电子开关 S 1 的第二端与控制器 61 的第一端相连, 第 三端通过电阻 R1与供电模组 50的负极相连。
控制器 61 的第二端连接于电机开关 S2与电机 20之间的节点, 第三端通 过电压侦测单元 68与电机 20的正极相连,第四端通过限流单元 66与电子开关 S 1 的第二端相连, 第五端通过电流侦测单元 67与电子开关 S 1 的第三端相连, 第六端与第一设定单元 64相连, 第七端与第二设定单元 65相连, 第八端与模 式选择开关 S3相连, 第九端与工作阶段切换开关 S4相连, 第十端与存储单元 63相连。 本实施方式中, 控制器 61为 MCU , 其输出第一驱动信号给电子开关 S l。
限流单元 66还与电流侦测单元 67相连。 开关检测单元 62 的第一端与供 电模组 50的正极相连, 第二端与控制器 61 的第二端相连。
本发明手持电动工具 100可以选择性地工作在人工模式或自动模式下。 在 人工模式下,使用者通过第一设定单元 64进行扭矩调节,能获得很高的精确度; 在自动模式下, 手持电动工具 100具有自动设定电流阈值的第一工作阶段, 及 根据设定的电流阈值进行扭矩限制的第二工作阶段, 方便经验较少的使用者操 作手持电动工具 100 , 并使得螺钉等工件达到一致的旋入深度。 用户可根据需要操作模式选择开关 S3 以切换到人工模式或自动模式。 在 自动模式中, 可操作工作阶段切换开关 S4 以切换到自动模式的第一工作阶段 或第二工作阶段。 其中, 人工模式包括恒速控制的第一较佳实施方式和先进行 恒流控制再进行恒速控制的第二较佳实施方式。 需要说明的是, 人工模式只能 设置为其中之一, 即手持电动工具 100兼具自动模式、 人工模式第一实施方式 的功能, 或者手持电动工具 100兼具自动模式、人工模式第二实施方式的功能。
本实施方式中, 模式选择开关 S3、 工作阶段切换开关 S4及第一设定单元 64可由同一触发件触发,该触发件为拨动开关。 当拨动开关拨动到不同位置时, 触发不同的工作模式、 工作阶段或不同的电流阈值。
下面结合附图分别对本发明手持电动工具 100的人工模式及自动模式进行 说明。
请参考图 3 ,手持电动工具的电机 20的输出扭矩 T与电机电流及电机转速 N之间的关系为: 当电机电流为定值时, 电机转速 N越高, 扭矩 T越小; 当电 机转速 N为定值时, 电机电流越大, 扭矩 T越大; 当扭矩 T为定值时, 电机电 流越大, 电机转速 N越高。 因此在电机转速 N确定的情况下, 扭矩 T与电机电 流存在对应关系, 通过限制电机电流来限制电机 20的扭矩 T , 将大大提高扭矩 调节的精确度。
请参考图 5 , 在本发明手持电动工具 100 的人工模式的第一较佳实施方式 中, 控制电路 60具有控制器 61、 电子开关 S l、 电机开关 S2、 电阻 Rl、 电压 侦测单元 68、 电流侦测单元 67、 第一设定单元 64、 第二设定单元 65及存储单 元 63。 电机 20由控制器 61及电子开关 S 1控制。
用户操作第一设定单元 64以人工设定第一电流阈值 II。
第二设定单元 65设定低于第一电流阈值 I I 的第二电流阈值 12。 本实施方 式中, 存储单元 63 中存储有若干预定的常数, 每一预定的常数与不同的第一电 流阈值对应, 第二设定单元 65为单独的减法器, 第二设定单元 65将第一电流 阈值 II 减去预定的常数, 得到第二电流阈值 12。 第二电流阈值 12也可通过软 件的方式计算得到, 即控制器 61兼具第二设定单元 65的功能, 计算得到第二 电流阈值 12。 其他实施方式中, 使用者也可直接操作第二设定单元 65 以手动 设定第二电流阈值 12。
存储单元 63保存第一电流阈值 I I及第二电流阈值 12。
电机开关 S2为扳机,使用者按下手持电动工具 100的扳机以启动电机 20。 电流侦测单元 67侦测电机电流。 控制器 61将侦测的电机电流与第二电流 阈值 12 比较, 当电机电流达到第二电流阈值 12时, 控制器 61控制电机 20的 转速保持在第一转速预定值 N l。 所述第一转速预定值 N1低于一般工作状态时 的电机转速, 如此在后续的控制中电机能够快速地做出反应。
请参考图 4 , 由于电机转速 N与电机电压及电机电流 I有关, 且在负载增 大时, 电机电流 I也相应的增大, 若需维持电机转速 N , 则需要增大对应的电 机电压。 因此可以根据侦测的电机电流 I计算维持第一转速预定值 N1 所需的 电压值, 再将电机 20 的实际电压调节到计算得到的电压值以维持电机转速 N 为第一转速预定值 N l。
本实施方式中, 第一转速预定值 N 1存储于所述存储单元 63 中, 电流侦测 单元 67侦测电机电流, 控制器 61根据第一转速预定值 N 1 及侦测的电机电流 计算维持第一转速预定值 N 1所需的电压值。 控制器 61 以计算得到的电压值为 基准电压。 电压侦测单元 68实时侦测电机 20的实际电压, 控制器 61根据侦测 的实际电压与基准电压之差调节控制器 61输出的第一驱动信号,从而维持电机 转速。
本实施方式中, 第一驱动信号为脉宽调制信号, 若电机 20 的实际电压超 过基准电压时, 控制器 61减小第一驱动信号的占空比; 若电机 20的实际电压 小于基准电压时, 控制器 61增大第一驱动信号的占空比。
在维持电机转速的同时, 控制器 61通过电流侦测单元 67继续侦测电机电 流, 并将侦测的电机电流与第一电流阈值 II 比较, 当电机电流达到第一电流阈 值 I I 时, 控制器 61停止输出第一驱动信号, 以控制电机 20停机。
请参考图 6 , 在本发明手持电动工具 100 的人工模式的第二较佳实施方式 中, 控制电路 60具有控制器 61、 电子开关 S l、 电机开关 S2、 电阻 Rl、 电压 侦测单元 68、 电流侦测单元 67、 限流单元 66、 第一设定单元 64、 第二设定单 元 65及存储单元 63。
用户操作第一设定单元 64以人工设定第三电流阈值 13。
第二设定单元 65设定低于第三电流阈值 13的第四电流阈值 14。 本实施方 式中, 存储单元 63 中存储有若干预定的常数, 每一预定的常数与不同的第三电 流阈值对应, 第二设定单元 65为单独的减法器, 第二设定单元 65将第三电流 阈值 B减去预定的常数, 得到第四电流阈值 14。 第三电流阈值 13也可通过软 件的方式计算得到, 即控制器 61兼具第二设定单元 65的功能, 计算得到第四 电流阈值 14。 其他实施方式中, 使用者也可直接操作第二设定单元 65 以手动 设定第四电流阈值 14。
存储单元 63保存第三电流阈值 13及第四电流阈值 14。
电机开关 S2为扳机,使用者按下手持电动工具 100的扳机以启动电机 20。 电流侦测单元 67侦测电机电流。 限流单元 66将侦测的电机电流与第四电 流阈值 14比较, 当电机电流达到第四电流阈值 14时, 限流单元 66控制电机电 流保持在第四电流阈值 14 , 此时电机 20的转速随之下降。
具体地, 限流单元 66 具有比较器, 比较器在侦测的电机电流小于第四电 流阈值 14 时输出导通信号, 在侦测的电机电流大于等于第四电流阈值 14 时输 出关断信号。 导通 /关断信号被反馈到控制器 61 输出的第一驱动信号中, 得到 第二驱动信号, 从而将电机电流值维持在第四电流阈值 14。
在维持电机电流的同时, 控制器 61判断电机 20的转速并在电机转速下降 到第二转速预定值 N2时, 控制器 61 控制电机 20 的转速保持在第二转速预定 值 N2。 所述第二转速预定值 N2低于一般工作状态时的电机转速, 如此在后续 的控制中电机能够快速地做出反应。
请再次参考图 4 , 当电机电流恒定时, 电机电压越小, 电机转速越低, 控 制器 61通过电压侦测单元 68侦测电机 20的实际电压, 从而判断电机转速。
第二转速预定值 N2存储于存储单元 63中,控制器 61计算电机转速为 N2、 电机电流为 14时的电机电压, 电压侦测单元 68侦测电机 20的实际电压, 当电 机 20 的实际电压下降到控制器 61 计算的电机电压值时, 控制器 61 控制电机 20的转速保持在第二转速预定值 N2。
控制器 61根据第二转速预定值 N 2及侦测的电机电流计算维持第二转速预 定值 N2所需的电压值,并以维持第二转速预定值 N2所需的电压值为基准电压。 控制器 61通过电压侦测单元 68侦测电机 20的实际电压,根据侦测的实际电压 与基准电压之差调节控制器 61输出的第一驱动信号, 从而维持电机转速。
在维持电机转速的同时, 控制器 61通过电流侦测单元 67继续侦测电机电 流, 并将侦测的电机电流与第三电流阈值 12比较, 当侦测的电机电流达到第三 电流阈值 13时, 控制器 61停止输出第一驱动信号, 以控制电机 20停机。
在本发明手持电动工具 100的自动模式中, 控制电路 60具有控制器 61、 电子开关 S l、 电机开关 S2、 电阻 Rl、 工作阶段切换开关 S4、 电压侦测单元 68、 电流侦测单元 67、 存储单元 63、 限流单元 66及开关检测单元 62。 电机 20 由控制器 61及电子开关 S 1控制。
操作工作阶段切换开关 S4可将手持电动工具 100切换到第一工作阶段, 此时由经验丰富的使用者操作手持电动工具 100 , 控制器 61控制电机 20的转 速保持在第三转速预定值 N3。 需要指出的是, 本实施例中的第三转速预定值 N3 可以与手持电动工具 100 的人工模式的第一实施方式中的第一转速预定值 N 1或人工模式的第二实施方式中的第二转速预定值 N2相同。
具体地, 第三转速预定值 N3存储于存储单元 63 中, 电流侦测单元 67侦 测电机电流, 控制器 61根据第三转速预定值 N3及侦测的电机电流计算维持第 三转速预定值 N3所需的电压值,并以维持第三转速预定值 N3所需的电压值为 基准电压。控制器 61通过电压侦测单元 68侦测电机 20的实际电压, 根据侦测 的实际电压与基准电压之差调节控制器 61输出的第一驱动信号,从而维持电机 转速。
在维持电机转速的同时, 使用者根据工况, 如工件达到期望的深度、 位置 等, 断开电机开关 S2 以控制电机 20停机。 开关检测单元 62检测该电机开关 S2的状态, 并发送相应的信号给控制器 61。
当开关检测单元 62检测到电机开关 S2 关闭时, 控制器 61 通过电流侦测 单元 67记录此时的电机电流 la, 并根据停机时的电机电流 la 自动设定第五电 流阈值 lb , 该第五电流阈值 lb对应相应的目标扭矩。
具体地, 所述控制器 61根据图 2中电机电流、 扭矩 T及电机转速 N之间 的数据关系, 计算当电机电流为 Ia、 电机转速为第三转速预定值 N3 时的扭矩 T 1 , 再计算当扭矩为 T l、 电机转速为 0时的电机电流, 并将该电机电流确定为 第五电流阈值 Ib。
在自动模式的第二工作阶段中, 电流侦测单元 67 侦测电机电流。 限流单 元 66将侦测的电机电流与第五电流阈值 lb比较, 当侦测的电机电流达到第五 电流阈值 lb时, 限流单元 66控制电机电流保持在第五电流阈值 lb , 从而控制 电机电流不大于所述第五电流阈值 lb , 此时电机转速下降。
具体地, 限流单元 66 具有比较器, 比较器在侦测的电机电流小于第五电 流阈值 lb 时输出导通信号, 在侦测的电机电流大于等于第五电流阈值 lb 时输 出关断信号, 并将导通 /关断信号反馈到第一驱动信号中, 得到第二驱动信号, 从而维持电机电流值为所述第五电流阈值 I b。
在维持电机电流的同时, 控制器 61判断电机 20的转速并在电机转速下降 到定值时, 控制器 61控制电机 20停机。 由于电机电流恒定时, 电机电压越小, 电机转速越低, 因此可通过侦测电机电压来判断电机转速。
本实施方式中, 控制器 61 侦测第二驱动信号的占空比, 当第二驱动信号 的占空比低于特定值时, 如 0.1, 表示电机电压低于预定值, 进一步表示电机 转速低于定值, 此时控制器 61停止输出第一驱动信号, 从而控制电机 20停机。
其他实施方式中, 本发明手持电动工具 100也可单独具有人工模式的第一 实施方式的功能而不具有自动模式的功能、 单独具有人工模式的第二实施方式 的功能而不具有自动模式的功能, 或者单独具有自动模式的功能而不具有人工 模式的功能。
本发明还提供了两种手持电动工具 100的控制方法:人工模式及自动模式。 其中人工模式包括恒速控制的第一较佳实施方式和先进行恒流控制再进行恒速 控制的第二较佳实施方式。
请参考图 8, 所述人工模式的第一较佳实施方式包括以下步骤:
步骤 S101: 人工设定第一电流阈值 II, 使用者可通过操作手持电动工具 100上的第一设定单元 64设定与目标扭矩对应的电流阈值。
步骤 S102: 人工设定或自动计算第二电流阈值 12, 且第二电流阈值 12低 于第一电流阈值 II,第一电流阈值 II等于第二电流阈值 12与预定的常数之和。 本实施方式中,第二电流阈值 12由手持电动工具 100中的控制器 61计算得到。
步骤 S103: 使用者按下手持电动工具 100的扳机以启动电机 20。
步骤 S 104: 实时侦测电机电流。
步骤 S105: 判断电机电流是否达到第二电流阈值 12, 是则进入步骤 S106, 否则返回步骤 S104。
步骤 S106: 当电机电流达到第二电流阈值 12时, 控制电机 20的转速保持 在第一转速预定值 Nl。 所述第一转速预定值 N1低于一般工作状态时的电机转 速。
步骤 S107: 判断电机电流是否达到第一电流阈值 II, 是则进入步骤 S108, 否则返回步骤 S106。
步骤 S108: 当电机电流达到第一电流阈值 II 时, 控制电机 20停机。
如图 9所示, 在时间 tl 内, 电机 20启动瞬间, 电机转速 N快速上升, 电 机电流 I稳定上升; 在时间 tl-t2 内, 随着负载的增大, 电机电流 I继续增大; 在时间 t2-t3 内 , 控制电机转速 N快速下降至第一转速预定值 N1; 在时间 t3-t4 内, 电机转速 N被维持在第一转速预定值 Nl, 同时电机电流 I继续上升; 在时 间 t4时, 电机电流 I达到第一电流阈值 II , 控制电机 20停机。 本实施方式中, 当电机电流 I达到第一电流阈值 II 时, 控制器 61停止输出第一驱动信号, 从 而控制电机 20停机。
请参考图 4, 由于电机转速 N与电机电压及电机电流 I有关, 且在负载增 大时, 电机电流 I也相应的增大, 若需维持电机转速 N, 则需要增大对应的电 机电压。 因此可以根据侦测的电机电流 I计算维持第一转速预定值 N1 所需的 电压值, 再通过调节电机电压以维持电机转速 N为第一转速预定值 Nl。
本实施方式中, 存储单元 63 中存储有第一转速预定值 N1, 电流侦测单元 67侦测电机电流,控制器 61根据第一转速预定值 N1及侦测的电机电流计算维 持第一转速预定值 N1所需的电压值。 控制器 61 以维持第一转速预定值 N1所 需的电压值为基准电压。控制器 61通过电压侦测单元 68实时侦测电机 20的实 际电压,并根据侦测的实际电压与基准电压之差调节控制器 61输出的第一驱动 信号, 从而维持电机转速。
请参考图 10, 在所述人工模式的第二较佳实施方式中, 先以第四电流阈值 14为参考阈值, 并维持该电流阈值一段时间, 然后维持电机转速, 以完成工件 的紧固。 如此在工件紧固前防止了电机电流的突变, 有效地保护了电机 20。 具 体地, 所述人工模式的第二较佳实施方式包括以下步骤:
步骤 S201: 人工设定第三电流阈值 13。
步骤 S202: 人工设定或自动计算第四电流阈值 14, 且第二电流阈值 14低 于第三电流阈值 13,第三电流阈值 B等于第四电流阈值 14与预定的常数之和。
步骤 S203: 使用者按下手持电动工具 100的扳机以启动电机 20。
步骤 S204: 实时侦测电机电流。
步骤 S205: 判断电机电流是否达到第四电流阈值 14, 是则进入步骤 S206, 否则返回步骤 S204。
步骤 S206: 当电机电流达到第四电流阈值 14 时, 维持电机电流为第四电 流阈值 14。
步骤 S207: 判断电机转速是否下降到第二转速预定值 N2, 是则进入步骤 S208, 否则返回步骤 S206。 所述第二转速预定值 N2低于一般工作状态时的电 机转速。
步骤 S208: 控制电机 20的转速保持在第二转速预定值 N2。 步骤 S209 : 判断电机电流是否达到第三电流阈值 B , 是则进入步骤 S210 , 否则返回步骤 S208。
步骤 S210: 当电机电流达到第三电流阈值 D时, 控制电机 20停机。
如图 1 1 所示, 在时间 tl 内, 电机 20启动瞬间, 电机转速 N快速上升, 电机电流 I稳定上升; 在时间 tl -t2 内, 随着负载的增大, 电机电流 I继续增大; 在时间 t2-t3 内, 电机电流达到第四电流阈值 14 , 控制电机维持电机电流为第 四电流阈值 14 , 同时电机转速下降; 在时间 t3-t4 内, 电机转速 N被维持在第 二转速预定值 N2 , 同时电机电流 I继续上升; 在时间 t4时, 电机电流 I达到第 三电流阈值 13 , 控制电机 20停机。
在人工模式下, 当电机电流达到第四电流阈值 14 时, 控制电机转速 N 恒 定, 当电机电流达到第三电流阈值 B 时, 控制电机 20停机, 从而限制电机电 流 I , 进一步限制电机 20的输出扭矩 T , 使得扭矩调节的精确度大大提高。
请参考图 12 , 所述自动模式具有第一工作阶段及第二工作阶段, 第一工作 阶段时手持电动工具 100自动设定参数阈值,第二工作阶段时手持电动工具 100 根据设定的参数阈值进行扭矩限制。
所述自动模式在第一工作阶段中包括以下步骤:
步骤 S301 : 启动电机 20 , 由经验丰富的使用者操作手持电动工具 100 , 使 用者根据工况, 如工件达到期望的深度、 位置等, 断开电机开关 S2 以控制电 机 20停机。
请再次参考图 3 , 由于电机转速 N为定值时, 电机电流越大, 扭矩 T越大, 因此在第一工作阶段中维持电机转速, 使得根据停机时的电机电流设定的参数 阈值更为精确。 如图 13所示, 为了方便设计, 本实施方式中, 第一工作阶段中 的电机转速维持在第三转速预定值 N3。通过调节电机电压维持电机转速为第三 转速预定值 N3 , 具体方法与人工模式的第一较佳实施方式中的步骤 S6相同, 再次不再赘述。
步骤 S302 : 自动侦测停机时的至少一个电机参数。 本实施方式中, 该电机 参数为电机电流, 记录停机时的电机电流 Ia。
步骤 S303 : 根据记录的电机参数自动设定参数阈值, 该参数阈值对应相应 的目标扭矩。 本实施方式中, 根据电机电流 la设定第五电流阈值 Ib。
根据图 3 中电机电流、 扭矩 T及电机转速 N之间的数据关系, 所述控制器 61计算电机电流为 Ia、 电机转速为第三转速预定值 N3时的扭矩 T 1 , 再计算扭 矩 T l、 电机转速为 0时的电机电流, 并将该电机电流确定为第五电流阈值 Ib。 所述自动模式在第二工作阶段中包括以下步骤:
步骤 S304: 重新启动电机 20。
步骤 S305 : 由经验较少的使用者操作手持电动工具 100 , 实时侦测电机 20 相应的电机参数。 本实施方式中, 实时侦测电机 20的电流。
步骤 S306: 将侦测的电机参数与上述参数阈值相比较, 判断侦测的电机参 数是否达到上述参数阈值。 是则进入步骤 S307 , 否则返回步骤 S305。
步骤 S307: 控制电机参数不大于该参数阈值。 如此使得扭矩不大于目标扭 矩, 使得工件达到与第一工作阶段时一致的深度, 方便了经验较少的使用者的 操作。
本实施方式中, 当电机电流达到第五电流阈值 lb时, 维持电机 20的电流 值为所述第五电流阈值 lb , 从而控制电机电流不大于所述第五电流阈值 Ib。 如 图 14所示, 在时间 tl 内, 电机 20启动瞬间, 电机转速快速上升, 电机电流稳 定上升; 在时间 tl -t2 内, 随着负载的增大, 电机电流继续增大; 在时间 t2-t3 内, 电机电流达到第五电流阈值 lb后, 控制电机电流维持在第五电流阈值 lb , 同时电机转速下降。 在时间 t3时, 电机转速下降到一定值 (如转速为零) 时控 制电机 20停机。
其他实施方式中, 第二工作阶段中也可釆用其他扭矩限制的方式, 如图 9 所示, 此时第一电流阈值 I I 即为第一工作阶段中自动设定的第五电流阈值 Ib。
本实施例中的手持电动工具 100的具有人工模式及自动模式。 在人工模式 下, 人工设定两个不同的电流阈值, 当电机电流达到较低的电流阈值时维持电 机转速, 当电机电流达到较高的电流阈值时控制电机 20停机, 从而提高了扭矩 调节的精确度。 在自动模式的第一工作阶段时, 经验丰富的使用者根据工况控 制电机 20停机, 根据停机时的电机参数设定参数阈值, 当电机参数达到参数阈 值时, 控制电机参数不大于该参数阈值, 使工件达到一致的深度, 方便了经验 较少的使用者操作手持电动工具 100。
本领域技术人员可以想到的是, 本发明中割草机及对接充电系统的具体结 构可以有很多的变化形式, 但其釆用技术方案的主要技术特征与本发明相同或 相似, 均应涵盖于本发明保护范围内。

Claims

权 利 要 求 书
1. 一种手持电动工具的控制方法, 所述手持电动工具包括电机及控制器, 所述 控制器输出第一驱动信号控制所述电机, 其特征在于, 所述方法包括以下步骤: 设定第一电流阈值 ( I I );
所述控制器控制电机转速维持在第一转速预定值 (N 1 );
侦测电机电流, 当电机电流达到所述第一电流阈值 ( I I ) 时, 所述控制器控制 所述电机停机。
2. 根据权利要求 1所述的控制方法, 其特征在于: 在设定第一电流阈值 ( II ) 后, 设定低于所述第一电流阈值 ( I I ) 的第二电流阈值 ( 12 ), 当电机电流达到 所述第二电流阈值 ( 12 ) 时, 所述控制器控制电机的转速保持在第一转速预定 值 ( N1 )。
3. 根据权利要求 2所述的控制方法, 其特征在于: 所述第一电流阈值 ( I I ) 等 于第二电流阈值 ( 12 ) 与预定的常数之和。
4. 根据权利要求 1所述的控制方法, 其特征在于: 所述控制器根据侦测的电机 电流与第一转速预定值 ( N 1 ) 计算维持第一转速预定值 ( N1 ) 所需的电压, 将 所述电机的实际电压调节到计算得到的电压。
5. 根据权利要求 4所述的控制方法, 其特征在于: 所述控制器以计算得到的电 压为基准电压, 并实时侦测电机的实际电压, 根据电机的实际电压与基准电压 之差调节所述控制器输出的第一驱动信号。
6. 一种手持电动工具, 包括壳体、 位于壳体内的电机、 由电机驱动的传动机构 以及用于控制电机的控制电路, 其特征在于, 所述控制电路包括:
第一设定单元, 用于设定第一电流阈值 ( II );
与所述第一设定单元相连的控制器;
与所述控制器相连的存储单元, 用于存储所述第一电流阈值 ( II );
与所述电机相连的电子开关, 所述控制器输出第一驱动信号给所述电子开关, 所述控制器在电机启动后控制所述电机的转速保持在第一转速预定值 ( N 1 ); 与所述电子开关及控制器相连的电流侦测单元, 用于侦测电机电流;
所述控制器比较电机电流与所述第一电流阈值( II ), 当电机电流达到第一电流 阈值 ( II ) 时, 停止输出所述第一驱动信号给所述电子开关, 以控制所述电机 停机。
7. 根据权利要求 6所述的手持电动工具, 其特征在于: 所述控制电路还包括第 二设定单元, 用于设定低于所述第一电流阈值 ( II ) 的第二电流阈值 ( 12), 所 述控制器比较电机电流与第二电流阈值 ( 12), 当电机电流达到第二电流阈值 ( 12) 时, 所述控制器控制所述电机的转速保持在第一转速预定值 (Nl )。
8. 根据权利要求 6所述的手持电动工具, 其特征在于: 所述控制器计算得到低 于所述第一电流阈值 ( II ) 的第二电流阈值 ( 12 ), 并比较电机电流与第二电流 阈值 ( 12), 当电机电流达到第二电流阈值 ( 12) 时, 所述控制器控制所述电机 的转速保持在第一转速预定值 (Nl )。
9. 根据权利要求 7或 8所述的手持电动工具, 其特征在于: 所述存储单元中还 存储有预定的常数, 所述第一电流阈值 ( II ) 等于第二电流阈值 ( 12) 与预定 的常数之和。
10. 根据权利要求 6所述的手持电动工具, 其特征在于: 所述控制器根据侦测 的电机电流及第一转速预定值 ( N1 ) 计算维持第一转速预定值( N1 ) 所需的电 压, 将所述电机的实际电压调节到计算得到的电压。
11. 根据权利要求 10所述的手持电动工具, 其特征在于: 所述控制电路还包括 用于侦测电机的实际电压的电压侦测单元, 所述控制器以计算得到的电压为基 准电压, 并根据侦测的实际电压与基准电压之差调节所述第一驱动信号。
PCT/CN2013/073449 2012-03-31 2013-03-29 手持电动工具及其控制方法 WO2013143489A1 (zh)

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SE545773C2 (en) * 2021-12-10 2024-01-09 Atlas Copco Ind Technique Ab Method of controlling an electric motor of a tightening tool

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