WO2013143445A1

WO2013143445A1 - Dual-polarization five-beam antenna for mobile communication base station

Info

Publication number: WO2013143445A1
Application number: PCT/CN2013/073207
Authority: WO
Inventors: 吴壁群
Original assignee: 广东博纬通信科技有限公司
Priority date: 2012-03-26
Filing date: 2013-03-26
Publication date: 2013-10-03

Abstract

The present invention relates to a dual-polarization five-beam antenna for a mobile communication base station, which comprises a metal floor board, at least 6 lines of linear antenna arrays parallel to each other, at least 6 first power dividers, at least 6 second power dividers, a first Butler-matrix feed network, and a second Butler-matrix feed network. Each line of linear antenna array is formed of at least 2 same antenna radiation units. The antenna structure of the present invention is capable of forming 5 dual-polarization beams with fixed orientations in the horizontal direction and forming a single dual-polarization beam with a fixed orientation in the vertical direction. The interferences among the 5 beams in the horizontal direction are low. The five-beam antenna fabricated according to the technical solution of the present invention has stable performance and large signal capacity, is easy to install, and can effectively lower the cost and well meet user requirements.

Description

Dual-polarized five-beam antenna for mobile communication base station

The present invention relates to the field of wireless communications, and in particular, to a dual-polarized five-beam antenna for a mobile communication base station. Background technique

With the rapid development of mobile communication technology and the rapid increase of mobile communication traffic, the coverage area of mobile communication networks is continuously expanding and improving. The base station antenna, which is one of the key components of mobile communication systems, correspondingly with the construction of mobile communication networks And it is getting more and more important.

Conventional base station antennas communicate by generating a fixed wide beam in the coverage area, which reduces communication capacity due to interference. Summary of the invention

In view of the above, it is necessary to provide a dual-polarized five-beam antenna for mobile communication base stations with good anti-interference effect in view of the above problems.

A dual-polarized five-beam antenna for a mobile communication base station, comprising: a metal floor, at least 6 parallel linear antenna arrays, at least 6 first power splitters, and at least 6 second power splitters The first Butler matrix feed network and the second Butler matrix feed network, the number of the first power splitter is equal to the number of columns of the linear antenna array, and the number of the second power splitter is equal to the number of columns of the linear antenna array The linear antenna array is disposed on the upper surface of the metal floor, and the first power splitter and the second power splitter are disposed on the lower surface of the metal floor;

Each column of linear antenna arrays is composed of at least two identical antenna radiating elements, each antenna radiating unit consisting of one +45 degree polarization antenna unit and one -45 degree polarization antenna unit, and +45 The polarization unit of the antenna and the antenna unit of the -45 degree polarization are vertically cross-combined;

Each input port of the first Butler matrix feed network is connected to a signal input cable, and each output port of the first Butler matrix feed network is electrically connected to a power synthesis port of each first power splitter; Each input port of the matrix feed network is connected to the signal input cable, and the second Butler matrix feed Each output port of the electrical network is electrically connected to the power synthesis port of each second power splitter; the number of power distribution ports of each first power splitter and the +45 degree polarization mode of each linear antenna array The number of antenna units is equal, and the number of power distribution ports of each second power splitter is equal to the number of antenna elements of the -45 degree polarization mode in each column of linear antenna arrays;

Each power distribution port of each first power splitter is electrically connected to an antenna unit of a +45 degree polarization mode in the same linear antenna array; each power distribution port of each second power splitter is respectively in the same column The antenna unit of the -45 degree polarization mode in the linear antenna array is electrically connected.

The first power splitter and the second power splitter have the same structure, and the power distribution amplitudes of the power split ports of each power splitter are the same, and the power allocated by each adjacent power distribution port of each power splitter has the same power. The phase difference is such that the antenna vertical pattern has the same tilt angle.

The inclination angle is an uptilt angle or a downtilt angle, and the uptilt angle ranges from 0 to 40 degrees, and the downtilt angle ranges from 0 to 40 degrees.

The distance between two adjacent linear antenna arrays is 0.3λ-1.5λ, and the distance between adjacent antenna radiating elements in each linear antenna array is 0.3λ-1.5λ.

The linear antenna arrays are parallel to each other, and both ends of all linear antenna arrays are aligned with each other.

The linear antenna arrays are parallel to each other, and the ends of all the odd columns are aligned with each other, and the ends of all the even columns are aligned with each other.

The structure of the first Butler matrix feed network and the second Butler matrix feed network are the same. When the number of rows of the linear antenna array is equal to 6, each Butler matrix feed network consists of one six-way Butler matrix. The input ports of the six-way Butler matrix are isolated from each other. The input ports of the six-way Butler matrix serve as the input ports of the Butler matrix feed network, and the output ports of the six-way Butler matrix serve as the output of the Butler matrix feed network. port.

The structure of the first Butler matrix feed network and the second Butler matrix feed network are the same. When the number of columns of the linear antenna array is greater than 6, each Butler matrix feed network consists of a six-way Butler matrix and 1 power divider network is composed, the input ports of the six-way Butler matrix are isolated from each other, the output ports of the six-way Butler matrix are connected to the input port of the power divider network, the number of output ports of the power splitter network and the linear antenna The number of columns of the array is equal. The input ports of the six-way Butler matrix serve as the input ports of the Butler matrix feed network, and the output ports of the power divider network serve as the input of the Butler matrix feed network. Out port.

The antenna structure of the present invention can form five fixed-pointed dual-polarized beams in the horizontal direction, and form a single fixed-pointed dual-polarized beam in the vertical direction, and the interference between the five beams in the horizontal direction is small. The five-beam antenna made according to the technical scheme of the present invention has stable performance, large signal capacity, easy installation, can effectively reduce cost, and satisfies user requirements well. DRAWINGS

Figure 1 is a side elevational view of the overall construction of the present invention.

Figure 2 is a plan view of the overall structure of the present invention.

Figure 3 is a schematic plan view of a linear array of linear antennas.

Figure 4 is a schematic illustration of an antenna radiating element.

Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the first power splitter.

Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the second power splitter.

Figures 7 and 8 are schematic diagrams of a Butler matrix feed network.

Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a six-way Butler matrix.

Figure 10 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a three-way Butler matrix. detailed description

Referring to FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, the dual-polarized five-beam antenna for mobile communication base station of the present invention includes at least six parallel linear antenna arrays 104 (illustrated by taking 10 columns as an example in FIG. 1), metal floor 103 At least six first power splitters 105 (illustrated by taking 10 as an example in FIG. 2) and at least six second power splitters 106 (illustrated by taking 10 as an example in FIG. 2), first bart The number of the first power dividers 105 is equal to the number of columns of the linear antenna array 104, and the number of the second power dividers 106 and the columns of the linear antenna array 104 are the number of the first power dividers 105 and the second butler matrix feed network 108. The numbers are equal, the linear antenna array 104 is disposed on the upper surface of the metal floor 103, and the first power divider 105 and the second power divider 106 are disposed on the lower surface of the metal floor 103.

Referring to FIG. 3, the distance between adjacent two columns of linear antenna arrays 104 is 0.3λ-1.5λ. Each column of the linear antenna array 104 is composed of at least two (described in FIG. 3 as an example) and the same antenna radiating unit 203. And the distance between adjacent antenna radiating elements 203 in each column is 0.3λ-1.5λ. Where λ represents the wavelength of the center frequency of the antenna operating frequency band in the air.

The arrangement of the linear antenna arrays 104 is as follows:

1. Each linear antenna array is parallel to each other, and both ends of all linear antenna arrays are aligned with each other.

2. The linear antenna arrays are parallel to each other, and the ends of all the odd columns are aligned with each other, and the ends of all the even columns are aligned with each other.

Referring to FIG. 4, each antenna radiating unit 203 is composed of an antenna unit 202 of a +45 degree polarization mode and an antenna unit 201 of a -45 degree polarization mode, and an antenna unit 202 of a +45 degree polarization mode. The antenna elements 201 of the -45 degree polarization mode are vertically cross-combined.

Referring to FIG. 5 and FIG. 6, each first power splitter 105 has one power synthesis port 402 and several power distribution ports 403, and the number of power distribution ports 403 of each first power divider 105 is linear with each column. The number of antenna elements in the +45 degree polarization mode in the antenna array 104 is equal (a six-power splitter is used in FIG. 5); each second power splitter 106 has one power synthesis port 404 and several The power distribution port 405, the number of power distribution ports 404 of each second power divider 106 is equal to the number of antenna elements of the -45 degree polarization mode in each column of linear antenna arrays 104 (Fig. 6 is used One minute and six power dividers). The distributed power amplitude and phase of each power distribution port 403 of each first power splitter 105 and each power distribution port 405 of the second power splitter 106 can be determined according to actual needs. In the present embodiment, the first power splitter 105 and the second power splitter 106 have the same structure. Specifically, the power distribution widths of the power distribution ports of each power splitter are the same, and the power allocated by each adjacent power distribution port of each power splitter has the same phase difference, so that the vertical pattern of the antenna has the same Inclination. The inclination angle is an updip angle or a downtilt angle; the uptilt angle ranges from 0 to 40 degrees, and the downtilt angle ranges from 0 to 40 degrees. In the present embodiment, the inclination angle is removed by 6 degrees.

The structure of the first Butler Matrix Feed Network 107 and the second Butler Matrix Feed Network 108 are the same. When the number of columns of the linear array is equal to 6, each Butler matrix feed network consists of a six-way Batple matrix 602, as shown in FIG. The input ports of the six-way Butler matrix 602 are isolated from each other. The input ports of the six-way Butler matrix 602 serve as the input ports of the Butler matrix feed network, and the output ports of the six-way Butler matrix 602 serve as the Butler matrix feed network. Output port.

When the number of columns of the linear antenna array is greater than 6, each Butler matrix feed network consists of one six-way Bart. The Le matrix 602 and a power divider network 601 are formed as shown in FIG. The input ports of the six-way Butler matrix 602 are isolated from each other. The output port of the six-way Butler matrix 602 is connected to the input port of the power splitter network 601. The number of output ports of the splitter network 601 is the same as the number of columns of the linear antenna array 104. .

FIG. 9 is a specific circuit structure of a six-way Butler matrix 602. In Fig. 9, 701 denotes a mixer, 702 denotes a phase shifter, and 703 denotes a three-way Butler matrix.

Fig. 10 is a specific circuit structure of a three-way Butler matrix 703. The three-way Butler matrix 703 is composed of a first mixer 801, a second mixer 802, a third mixer 803, a first phase shifter 804, a second phase shifter 805, and a third phase shifter 806. Each mixer includes a first input port, a second input port, a first output port, and a second output port, and each phase shifter includes an input port and an output port.

The two input ports of the first mixer 801 and the second input port of the second mixer 802 serve as input ports for the three-way Butler matrix, respectively.

The first output port of the first mixer 801 is coupled to the first input port of the third mixer 803 via the first phase shifter 804, the second output port of the first mixer 801 and the first input of the second mixer 802 a port connection, a first output port of the second mixer 802 is connected to a second input port of the third mixer 803;

The input port of the second phase shifter 805 is coupled to the first output port of the third mixer 803, and the input port of the third phase shifter 806 is coupled to the second output port of the second mixer 802.

The output port of the second phase shifter 805, the second output port of the third mixer 803, and the output port of the third phase shifter 806 serve as output ports of the three-way Butler matrix 602, respectively.

In summary, the overall electrical connection relationship of the present invention is as follows:

Each input port of the first Butler matrix feed network 107 and the second Butler matrix feed network 108 is connected to a signal input cable, and each output port of the first Butler matrix feed network 107 is respectively associated with each first splitter The power synthesis ports 402 of the second power divider 106 are electrically connected to the power synthesis ports 404 of the second power dividers 106. Each power distribution port 403 of each first power splitter 105 is electrically connected to the antenna unit 202 of the +45 degree polarization mode in the same linear array antenna 104; each power distribution of each second power divider 106 The port 405 is electrically connected to the antenna unit 201 of the -45 degree polarization mode in the linear array antenna 104 of the same column.

When the input ports of the Butler Matrix Feed Network are fed, the signal phase of the output port is different. Linear change. Therefore, when the input ports of the Butler Matrix feed network are fed, the radiation beam directions of the antenna in the horizontal direction are different, wherein the input port 1 generates a beam with a horizontal 0 degree pointing, and the input port 2 generates a beam with a horizontal +70 degree pointing, input Port 3 produces a horizontal +20 degree directed beam, input port 4 produces a horizontal -40 degree directed beam, input port 5 produces a horizontal -20 degree directed beam, and input port 6 produces a horizontal +40 degree directed beam. In this embodiment, the input port 2 is connected to a 50 ohm load, that is, a Butler matrix feed network can generate five beams pointing in different directions in the horizontal direction.

When the five ports of the first Butler matrix feed network 107 are simultaneously fed, the antenna produces five +45 degree polarizations that are horizontally oriented at 0 degrees, ±20 degrees, and ±40 degrees, and are tilted by 6 degrees in the vertical direction. Beam; When the five ports of the second Butler matrix feed network 108 are simultaneously fed, the antenna produces a horizontal pointing of 0 degrees, ±20 degrees, ±40 degrees, and 5 degrees -45 degrees of 6 degrees in the vertical direction. Polarized beam. Therefore, when the 10 ports of the two Butler matrix feed networks are simultaneously fed, the antenna can generate 5 horizontal patterns pointing to 0 degrees, ±20 degrees, ±40 degrees and the vertical pattern having 6 degrees down. 5 beams with ±45 degrees of dual polarization.

The antenna structure of the present invention can form five fixed-pointed dual-polarized beams in the horizontal direction, and form a single fixed-pointed dual-polarized beam in the vertical direction, and the interference between the five beams in the horizontal direction is small. The five-beam antenna made according to the technical scheme of the present invention has stable performance, large signal capacity, easy installation, can effectively reduce cost, and satisfies user requirements well.

The above description of the preferred embodiments of the present invention is not intended to limit the scope of the embodiments. All modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements and the like are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention. It should be particularly emphasized that the beam pointing and beam width of the present invention can be adjusted according to different requirements. By adjusting the number of columns of the linear antenna array, the distance between two adjacent linear antenna arrays, and the straight line of each column in the present scheme. The number of radiating elements of the antenna array, the distance between adjacent radiating elements, the distributed power amplitude and phase of the power splitter power distribution port, and thus the modification of the beam pointing and width are also within the scope of the present invention. In addition, modifications that change the number of horizontal beams by adjusting the number of feed ports are also within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

Claim

A dual-polarized five-beam antenna for a mobile communication base station, comprising: a metal floor, at least six parallel linear antenna arrays, at least six first power splitters, and at least six second powers a divider, a first Butler matrix feed network, a second Butler matrix feed network, the number of first splitters is equal to the number of columns of the linear antenna array, the number of second splitters and the column of the linear array The number is equal, the linear antenna array is disposed on the upper surface of the metal floor, and the first power splitter and the second power splitter are disposed on the lower surface of the metal floor;

Each input port of the first Butler matrix feed network is connected to a signal input cable, and each output port of the first Butler matrix feed network is electrically connected to a power synthesis port of each first power splitter; Each input port of the matrix feed network is connected to the signal input cable, and each output port of the second Butler matrix feed network is electrically connected to the power synthesis port of each second power splitter;

The number of power distribution ports of each first power splitter is equal to the number of antenna elements of the +45 degree polarization mode in each column of linear antenna arrays, and the number of power distribution ports of each second power splitter is The number of antenna elements in the -45 degree polarization mode in the linear antenna array is equal;

2. The dual-polarized five-beam antenna for a mobile communication base station according to claim 1, wherein: the first power splitter and the second power splitter have the same structure, and each power splitter has a power distribution. The allocated power amplitudes of the ports are the same, and the allocated power of each adjacent power distribution port of each power splitter has the same phase difference, so that the antenna vertical pattern has the same inclination angle.

3. The dual-polarized five-beam antenna for a mobile communication base station according to claim 1, wherein: the tilt angle is an uptilt angle or a downtilt angle, and the uptilt angle ranges from 0 degrees to 40 degrees. The angle of inclination ranges from 0 to 40 degrees.

4. The dual-polarized five-beam antenna for a mobile communication base station according to claim 1, wherein: a distance between adjacent two columns of linear antenna arrays is 0.3λ-1.5λ, adjacent to each of the linear antenna arrays. Antenna The distance of the firing unit is 0.3λ-1.5λ.

The dual-polarized five-beam antenna for a mobile communication base station according to claim 1, wherein each of the linear antenna arrays is parallel to each other, and both ends of all the linear antenna arrays are aligned with each other.

6. The dual-polarized five-beam antenna for a mobile communication base station according to claim 1, wherein: each of the linear antenna arrays is parallel to each other, and both ends of all odd columns are aligned with each other, and both ends of all even columns are mutually Align.

7. The dual-polarized five-beam antenna for a mobile communication base station according to claim 1, wherein: the structure of the first Butler matrix feed network and the second Butler matrix feed network are the same, when When the number of columns of the linear antenna array is equal to 6, each Butler matrix feed network is composed of a six-way Butler matrix, and the input ports of the six-way Butler matrix are isolated from each other. The input ports of the six-way Butler matrix are used as Bart. The input port of the Le matrix feed network, the output ports of the six-way Butler matrix serve as the output port of the Butler matrix feed network.

8. The dual-polarized five-beam antenna for a mobile communication base station according to claim 1, wherein: the structure of the first Butler matrix feed network and the second Butler matrix feed network are the same, when When the number of columns of the linear antenna array is greater than 6, each Butler matrix feed network consists of a six-way Butler matrix and a power divider network. The input ports of the six-way Butler matrix are isolated from each other. Each output port of the matrix is connected to an input port of the power divider network, and the number of output ports of the power divider network is equal to the number of columns of the linear antenna array, and each input port of the six-way Butler matrix is used as an input port of the Butler matrix feed network. Each output port of the power divider network serves as an output port of the Butler Matrix feed network.