WO2013135217A2

WO2013135217A2 - Circumfluential thrust water turbine

Info

Publication number: WO2013135217A2
Application number: PCT/CZ2013/000036
Authority: WO
Inventors: Jiri Frolik; Jiri NOZICKA; Renata HOUBOVA
Original assignee: Ceske Vysoke Uceni Technicke V Praze
Priority date: 2012-03-12
Filing date: 2013-03-11
Publication date: 2013-09-19
Also published as: WO2013135217A3; CZ23692U1; DE112013001389T5

Abstract

The invention relates to a circumfluential thrust water turbine consisting of a rotary part (1) of a turbine with orbiting blades (1.1) of the turbine that are turnably supported on a central shaft (1.2), which are carried by an eccentrically supported carrier ring (1.3) provided with radially oriented passages (1.4) in which the individual blades (1.1) of the turbine are slidably supported, and wherein the torque is transmitted by the connection of the carrier ring (1.3) with an output shaft (1.5), c h a r a c t e r i z e d i n t h a t the rotary part (1) of the turbine is vertically accommodated in an open casing (2) that is constituted by oppositely located plates (2.1, 2.2) that are mutually rigidly connected at the location of the rotary part (1) of the rotary machine by a partially curved wall (3) and, ahead of the rotary part (1) opposite to the direction (s) of flow of the water stream, by an entry wall (3.1) forming a continuation of the partially curved wall (3), wherein a connecting edge (3.2) of the entry wall (3.1 ) and the partially curved wall (3) is situated in a plane determined by the axis of the central shaft (1.2) and its intersection line (p) with the plates (2.1, 2.2) and that is parallel with the direction (s) of the water stream, and wherein the open casing is supported in a base block (4) that is stationarily placed in the water stream, or the open casing (2) is connected to a water craft. The invention can be utilized, above all, for the local generation of electric energy on watercourses with slight elevation gradient, rigidly mounted on a pillar or, as the case may be, connected to a water craft.

Description

Circumfluential Thrust Water Turbine

Field of the Technology

The invention relates to a circumfluential thrust water turbine that operates using the principle of the kinematics of a rotary machine with orbiting blades, and that is intended above all for simple installation into water streams without the need for building weirs, dams or other irrevesible structural interventions that adversely influence the ecology, topography of water streams and their natural environment.

Current State of the Technology

The predominant number of currently known water motors and turbines requires for their opration the raising of the water level that is needed for obtaining the gravity potential energy of the water, which such motors and turbines are then able to convert to mechanical energy. This requirement leads to the necessity of construction of extensive strucures in water streams, so that the latter then irresversibly change their natural appearance and function, have a negative impact on the fauna and flora, and possibly limit ship traffic. The largest waterworks, such as for instance the Aswan dam in Egypt, Itaipu in Brazil, or the Three Gorges in China, sufficiently demonstrate the negative impact of such structures on the environment, inclusive of the displacement of a huge number of residents and deformation of these streams, and their impacts on the water decrease and degeneration of the environment in their subsequent continuation. Such changes accompany each larger or smaller construction of a dam or weir and are, in most instances, irreversible.

For the above reasons, historically there has appeared a whole plethora of water machines, such as, for instance the well-known water wheels, predominantly undershot that require practically no elevation gradient from the water stream. However, their disadvantages reside in the fact that, for the expected output, they require a structure of relative large dimensions and a large built-up space with a limited mobility, and it is impossible to install them into the water stream in their entirety under the water surface. Furthermore, there also exist other water machines, but their structure practically, in an ovewhelming majority of cases, requires a greater or smaller elevation gradient of the water stream and, as a consequence, even peripheral installations for them, including the construction of artificial weirs, races or supply channels, which already significantly interferes with the natural character of the water streams and contributes to their disruption.

The purpose of the invention is to create such equipment that would render it possible to derive energy from water streams with minimum devastation of rivers and their environment, but nevertheless would be capable of utilizing the kinematic energy of the wtaer stream in river beds along the entire river course without any need for any artificial raising of the elevation gradient of the water, wherein the installation of such equipment would be possible almost at any location of the water stream and make possible their reinstallation in the event of regulation of riverbeds or other alteration of the water stream and its environment. As a suitable means for the achievement of this purpose, there is indicated the utilization of the kinematic part of the rotary machine with orbiting blades that is described in the Czech patent document No. 290702, the structure of which makes it possible to use it, in an adjusted form, even for the function of a water machine, in particular for the installation of small waterworks.

Essence of the Invention

The aforementioned disadvantages of the existing implementations of water machines are to a large extent eliminated, and the purpose of the invention is accomplished, by a circumfluential thrust water turbine consisting of a rotary part of a turbine with orbiting blades of the turbine that are turnably supported on a central shaft, which are carried by an eccentrically supported carrier ring provided with radially oriented passages in which the individual blades of the turbine are slidably supported, and wherein the torque is transmitted by the connection of the carrier ring with an output shaft, in accordance with the invention the essence of which resides in that the rotary part of the turbine is vertically accommodated in an open casing that is constituted by oppositely located plates that are mutually rigidly connected at the location of the rotary part of the rotary machine by a partially curved wall and, ahead of the rotary part opposite to the direction of flow of the water stream, by an entry wall forming a continuation of the partially curved wall, wherein a connecting edge of the entry wall and the partially curved wall is situated in a plane determined by the axis of the central shaft and its intersection line with the plates and that is parallel with the direction of the water stream, and wherein the open casing is supported in a base block that is stationarily placed in the water stream, or the open casing is connected to a water craft. Rotary parts of the turbine are situated in a mirror fashion in a pair transversely to the direction of the water flow.

An electric current generator is connected to the output shaft.

The advantages of the circumfluential thrust turbine in accordance with the invention reside, above all, in that the entire apparatus can be installed, in a relatively simple manner, either stationarily in the water stream, without any need for building any levees and other adjustments for increasing the differential in water surface levels and water flow gradient needed for accomplishing the function of the known equipment, and in this case the push of the water column in the normal water stream is sufficient. The apparatus can also be mounted on the lateral or fore part of a water craft which, after having been anchored in the water stream, or even while traveling itself, is able to perform its function of generating electric energy during the water circumfluence of the water craft body.

Overview of the Figures of the Drawing

The basic structural components of the circumfluential thrust water turbine are illustrated, for a better elucidation of the invention, in the accompanying drawing, wherein Fig. 1 represents, in a vertical section A-A, the rotary part of the turbine and its accommodation in an open casing, and Fig. 2 illustrates, in a cross-section B-B, the rotary part of the turbine and a partially curved wall of the open casing. Fig. 3 depicts, in a cross-section, the location of the rotary part of the turbine on a plate and together with the shape of the partially curved wall and with a transition to an entry wall, and Fig. 4 represents an identical location of the rotary part of the turbine with alternatively adjusted passages through a carrier ring for orbiting blades.

Fig. 5 represents a mirror-fashion arrangment of rotary parts of the turbine and the implementation of the entry walls that corresponds to such arrangement.

In Fig. 6, there is illustrated, in a lateral view, the circumfluential thrust water turbine and its connection to an electric current generator, and Fig. 7 represents the apparatus according to Fig. 6 in a top plan view. Example of the Implementation of the Invention

In Fig. 1, there is visible, in an angled section A- A evident from Fig. 2, a rotary part I of a turbine that is vertically accommodated in an open casing 2 between plates 2.1, 2.2, and wherein the entire apparatus is supported, at the axis of a central shaft 1.2, in a rigid base block 4 situated in a water stream. The rotary part \ is constituted by the central shaft L2 that is stationarily anchored, on which there are turnably supported orbiting blades IA of the turbine, which are connected, by means of a carrier ring 13, with an output shaft L5. The entire apparatus is submerged in the water stream.

Fig. 2 illustrates, in a cross-section B-B evident from Fig. 1, the rotary part 1 of the turbine, wherein there are visible the orbiting blades U. that are turnably supported on the central shaft L2 and are carried with the aid of a carrier ring L3, which the pass through at the locations of passages I A

In Fig. 3, there is visible, in a cross section and in a top plan view, the overall configuration of the rotary part i of the tubine with a partially curved wall 3, that, at the location of a connecting edge 32^ transitions into an entry wall 3J_, which directs the water flow in the direction s in such a manner as to head only toward one half of the rotary part 1 of the turbine, where the orbiting blades 1 A are pushed out to their maximum position to the outside and wherein this zone is delimited by a plane determined by the axis of the central shaft L2 and the intersection line g of this plane with the plate 2,2, wherein the intersection line g is parallel with the direction s of the current of the water stream.

Fig. 4 represents, in a cros-section and in a top plan view, the overall configuration of the rotary part \ of the turbine identical to Fig. 3, wherein, however, the passages L4 for the orbiting blades I A through the carrier ring L3_ are provided, in an alternative, with turnably supported bars L6, between which the orbiting blade U_. is slidably supported.

In Fig. 5, there is illustrated, in a cross-section and top plan view, a mirror-fashion implementation, wherein rotary parts 1 of the turbine are situated adjacent one another transversely with respect to the direction s of the current of the water stream, and the shapes of the partially curved wall 3 and of the entry wall 3J_. are adjusted to this configuration. Fig. 6 represents, in a lateral view and a partial section, the rotary part I of the turbine situated below the upper surface h of the water stream and its connection to an electric current generator 5 that is located above the upper level h of the water stream, and their mounting on pylons 6, 6.1 in the base block 4.

In Fig. 7, there is depicted, in a top plan view, the entire equipment, wherein there is visible the rotary part I connected to the generator 5 of electric current, where this illustration is based on the configuration shown in Fig. 6.

A basic characteristic of the function of the circumfluential turbine is the unilateral direct incidence of the pressure of the water on the extended blades 1J. of the turbine and, in this manner, there is generated the torque or the rotary part i of the turbine, which is further transmitted my means of the output shaft JL5 to the electric current generator 5 or, as the case may be, to a different machine requiring the input of torque.

Claims

CLAIMS FOR PROTECTION

1. Circumfluential thrust water turbine consisting of a rotary part (1) of a turbine with orbiting blades (1.1) of the turbine that are turnably supported on a central shaft (1.2), which are carried by an eccentrically supported carrier ring (1.3) provided with radially oriented passages (1.4) in which the individual blades (1.1) of the turbine are slidably supported, and wherein the torque is transmitted by the connection of the carrier ring (1.3) with an output shaft (1.5), characterized in that the rotary part (1) of the turbine is vertically accommodated in an open casing (2) that is constituted by oppositely located plates (2.1, 2.2) that are mutually rigidly connected at the location of the rotary part (1) of the rotary machine by a partially curved wall (3) and, ahead of the rotary part (1) opposite to the direction (s) of flow of the water stream, by an entry wall (3.1) forming a continuation of the partially curved wall (3), wherein a connecting edge (3.2) of the entry wall (3.1) and the partially curved wall (3) is situated in a plane determined by the axis of the central shaft (1.2) and its intersection line (p) with the plates (2.1, 2.2) and that is parallel with the direction (s) of the water stream, and wherein the open casing is supported in a base block (4) that is stationarily placed in the water stream, or the open casing (2) is connected to a water craft.

2. Circumfluential thrust water turbine according to claim 1, characterized in t h a t rotary parts (1) of the turbine are situated in a mirror fashion in a pair transversely to the direction (s) of the water flow.

3. Circumfluential thrust water turbine according to claims 1 and 2, character - ized in that an electric current generator (5) is connected to the output shaft (1.5).