WO2013129010A1 - Transmission circuit - Google Patents

Transmission circuit Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2013129010A1
WO2013129010A1 PCT/JP2013/051975 JP2013051975W WO2013129010A1 WO 2013129010 A1 WO2013129010 A1 WO 2013129010A1 JP 2013051975 W JP2013051975 W JP 2013051975W WO 2013129010 A1 WO2013129010 A1 WO 2013129010A1
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Prior art keywords
port
circuit
transmission circuit
input
transmission
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PCT/JP2013/051975
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French (fr)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
和田　貴也
敏弘 牧野
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株式会社村田製作所
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Publication of WO2013129010A1 publication Critical patent/WO2013129010A1/en

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B1/00—Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
    • H04B1/02—Transmitters
    • H04B1/04—Circuits
    • H04B1/0458—Arrangements for matching and coupling between power amplifier and antenna or between amplifying stages
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B1/00—Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
    • H04B1/38—Transceivers, i.e. devices in which transmitter and receiver form a structural unit and in which at least one part is used for functions of transmitting and receiving
    • H04B1/40—Circuits
    • H04B1/50—Circuits using different frequencies for the two directions of communication
    • H04B1/52—Hybrid arrangements, i.e. arrangements for transition from single-path two-direction transmission to single-direction transmission on each of two paths or vice versa
    • H04B1/525—Hybrid arrangements, i.e. arrangements for transition from single-path two-direction transmission to single-direction transmission on each of two paths or vice versa with means for reducing leakage of transmitter signal into the receiver

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a transmission circuit, and more particularly to a transmission circuit incorporated in a portable wireless communication terminal.
  • a transmission signal from a power amplifier is output to an antenna via a nonreciprocal circuit element (circulator or isolator) in a transmission circuit of a portable wireless communication terminal.
  • the nonreciprocal circuit element has a characteristic (irreversible) that transmits a signal only in a predetermined specific direction and does not transmit in a reverse direction.
  • the reflection characteristic from the antenna changes depending on the environmental condition, and a high frequency signal of about 25 to 50% in terms of voltage is reflected to the nonreciprocal circuit element (reverse direction input).
  • Patent Document 1 proposes a wireless communication apparatus in which a phase shift unit is provided between the circulator and the antenna so that the phase of the reflected signal from the antenna and the phase of the transmission signal leaking from the isolator is increased, thereby increasing the recoverable power. Has been.
  • the apparatus described in Patent Document 1 is not efficient when the recovered voltage is lower than the reference voltage because the recovered power is not used.
  • the utilization efficiency is improved in the apparatus described in Patent Document 2, since it is configured as a circulator having three input / output ports, as in the apparatus described in Patent Document 1, there are many components, There is a problem that the communication circuit is enlarged.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a transmission circuit that can use a reflected wave from an antenna as power using a small two-port isolator.
  • a transmission circuit is A two-port isolator that outputs a forward high-frequency signal input from an input port connected to the transmission side from an output port connected to the antenna side, and isolates a reverse high-frequency signal input from the output port
  • a rectifier circuit provided in a portion in which a high-frequency signal in the forward direction of the two-port isolator hardly flows and a high-frequency signal in the reverse direction flows; It is provided with.
  • the isolator provided in the transmission circuit is a small two-port type with a small number of parts, and outputs a high-frequency signal input from the input port to the antenna in the forward direction, and a reflected signal in the reverse direction is converted to direct current by the rectifier circuit. Rectify. Thereby, the isolation characteristic of the reflected signal in the reverse direction is ensured and the reflected signal is effectively used as power. For example, the rectified power is stored, boosted as necessary, and supplied to the main battery of the mobile phone. Alternatively, a cooling element of a heating element such as a power amplifier disposed in the vicinity of the transmission circuit is driven.
  • a reflected wave from an antenna can be used as electric power using a small two-port isolator.
  • FIG. 3 is an equivalent circuit diagram illustrating a transmission circuit according to the first embodiment.
  • FIG. 6 is an equivalent circuit diagram illustrating a transmission circuit according to a second embodiment. It is an equivalent circuit diagram which shows the transmission circuit which is 3rd Example. It is an equivalent circuit diagram which shows the transmission circuit which is 4th Example.
  • FIG. 10 is an equivalent circuit diagram illustrating a transmission circuit according to a fifth embodiment. It is an equivalent circuit diagram which shows the transmission circuit which is 6th Example.
  • the transmission circuit according to the first embodiment is configured as a transmission circuit of a mobile phone.
  • a high-frequency signal (transmission signal) output from a power amplifier PA is passed through an isolator 20A and a duplexer DPX. It transmits to the antenna ANT, and includes an impedance matching circuit 10 with the power amplifier PA.
  • the isolator 20A is provided with a rectifier circuit 30, which will be described in detail below.
  • the power amplifier PA amplifies a transmission signal of a baseband IC (not shown).
  • the impedance matching circuit 10 matches the output side impedance of the power amplifier PA with the input side impedance of the isolator 20A, and is formed as a matching circuit including an inductor L3 and a capacitor C3.
  • the inductor L3 is connected in series between the output terminal of the power amplifier PA and the input port P1 of the isolator 20A.
  • One end of the capacitor C3 is connected to the input port P1, and the other end is grounded.
  • the duplexer DPX transmits a transmission signal to the antenna ANT and transmits a reception signal received by the antenna ANT to the reception circuit 5.
  • the isolator 20A is a lumped constant type two-port type, and intersects the magnetic material for microwaves (hereinafter referred to as ferrite 21) to which a DC magnetic field is applied by a permanent magnet (not shown) and the ferrite 21 in an insulated state.
  • the first center electrode 22 (inductor L1) and the second center electrode 23 (inductor L2) are provided.
  • the first center electrode 22 has one end connected to the input port P1 and the other end connected to the output port P2.
  • the second center electrode 23 has one end connected to the output port P2 and the other end connected to the ground port P3.
  • a first matching capacitor C1 is connected between the input port P1 and the output port P2, and a second matching capacitor C2 is connected between the output port P2 and the ground port P3.
  • the rectifier circuit 30 is configured as a diode bridge circuit including four diodes, and is connected in parallel with the first center electrode 22 and the capacitor C1 between the input port P1 and the output port P2.
  • a smoothing circuit 35, a temporary storage circuit 36, and a booster circuit 37 are connected to the rectifier circuit 30, and the booster circuit 37 is connected to a main battery 40 of a mobile phone via a diode D1.
  • the circuit 35 is configured as a smoothing circuit including an inductor L5 and a capacitor C5.
  • the temporary power storage circuit 36 is a battery, and a capacitor or the like may be used.
  • the booster circuit 37 is configured as a DC-DC converter.
  • the ripple rectified by the smoothing circuit 35 is stored in the low-voltage temporary storage circuit 36 after being full-wave rectified by the rectifier circuit 30, and then boosted by the booster circuit 37 and supplied to the main battery 40.
  • the diode D1 is for preventing a backflow from the main battery 40 to the booster circuit 37 (DD converter) and the temporary storage circuit 36.
  • this transmission circuit is used by being incorporated in a cellular phone, when the impedance of the antenna ANT changes when a metal material comes close to the phone or touches or leaves the phone during use, the transmission signal is reflected from the antenna ANT. The degree to be increased. Such a reflected signal is isolated by the isolator 20A and is not transmitted to the power amplifier PA, but is also full-wave rectified by the rectifier circuit 30, and even a small reflected power is stored in the temporary power storage circuit 36 and efficiently. Used as energy.
  • the 2-port isolator 20A has a smaller number of parts than the circulator and is small in size, and the rectifier circuit 30 and the like are compactly integrated, so that the entire transmission device can be downsized.
  • the transmission circuit according to the second embodiment has a rectifier circuit constituted by a rectenna 50 and a battery 45 connected to the output section.
  • the other configurations are the same as those of the first embodiment. Yes, the operational effects are basically the same as in the first embodiment.
  • the rectenna 50 has a Schottky barrier diode D2 connected between an input filter 52 and an output filter 53 connected to the balun 51, and the diode D2 rectifies the input alternating current to direct current.
  • the balun 51 is a balanced-unbalanced converter, and its input is connected to the ports P1 and P2.
  • Input filter 52 blocks harmonics generated by diode D2.
  • the rectenna is a rectifier circuit that receives radio waves (microwaves) and converts them into DC power, and has an RF-DC conversion efficiency of 80% or higher.
  • the transmission circuit according to the third embodiment is constituted by a Cockcroft-Walton circuit 60 as a rectifier circuit, and a battery 45 is connected to the output section.
  • the other configurations are the same as those of the first embodiment.
  • the operational effects are basically the same as in the first embodiment.
  • the Cockcroft-Wilton circuit 60 has a capacitor and a diode connected in a ladder shape, and its input section is connected to ports P1 and P2, and a DC voltage is applied to the output side capacitor sequentially. Is accumulated and boosted without switching.
  • the transmission circuit according to the fourth embodiment uses a well-known RF-DC conversion circuit 65 as a rectifier circuit, its input section is connected to ports P1 and P2, and its output section is a power amplifier. It is connected to the power supply of the final stage transistor of PA.
  • RF-DC conversion circuit 65 As shown in FIG. 4, the transmission circuit according to the fourth embodiment uses a well-known RF-DC conversion circuit 65 as a rectifier circuit, its input section is connected to ports P1 and P2, and its output section is a power amplifier. It is connected to the power supply of the final stage transistor of PA.
  • Other configurations are the same as those of the first embodiment, and the operational effects are basically the same as those of the first embodiment.
  • the transmission circuit according to the fifth embodiment uses a well-known AC-DC conversion circuit 70 as a rectifier circuit, its input section is connected to ports P1 and P2, and its output section is a cooling element. 71 is connected.
  • AC-DC conversion circuit 70 as a rectifier circuit
  • its input section is connected to ports P1 and P2
  • its output section is a cooling element. 71 is connected.
  • Other configurations are the same as those of the first embodiment.
  • the cooling element 71 is disposed in the vicinity of the power amplifier PA, and the recovered power is supplied to the cooling element 71 to cool the power amplifier PA, the heating element can be cooled without requiring an extra power source.
  • a Peltier element is suitable, and a fan or the like may be used.
  • the cooling target may be another heating element such as a duplexer DPX.
  • the transmission circuit according to the sixth embodiment basically has the same configuration as that of the first embodiment except that an isolator 20B shown in FIG. 6 is used as a two-port isolator.
  • the first center electrode 22 has one end connected to the input port P1 and the other end connected to the output port P2.
  • the second center electrode 23 has one end connected to the input port P1 and the other end connected to the ground port P3. Further, impedance matching capacitors C6 and C7 are connected to the input port P1 side and the output port P2 side, respectively.
  • the isolator 20B by setting the inductance of the second center electrode 23 to be larger than the inductance of the first center electrode 22, when a high frequency signal is input from the input port P1 (forward input), the gyrator operation is performed. Both ends of the first center electrode 22 are at the same potential, so that almost no current flows through the first center electrode 22 and the rectifier circuit 30, and the input signal is output to the output port P2.
  • a high frequency signal reflected signal
  • the parallel resonance circuit and the rectifier circuit 30 formed by the first center electrode 22 and the capacitor C1. And converted into voltage by the rectifier circuit 30.
  • the operational effect of the rectifier circuit 30 is as described in the first embodiment.
  • the transmission circuit according to the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment, and can be variously modified within the scope of the gist thereof.
  • the rectifier circuit 30, the smoothing circuit 35, the temporary storage circuit 36, the booster circuit 37, and the like can have various configurations.
  • the present invention is useful for a transmission circuit incorporated in a portable wireless communication terminal or the like, and is particularly excellent in that a reflected wave from an antenna can be effectively used as power.

Abstract

A transmission circuit wherein the reflection wave from an antenna is used as power by using a small two-port isolator. A transmission circuit provided with: a two-port isolator (20A) which outputs, from an output port (P2) connected to the antenna (ANT) side, a forward high-frequency signal inputted from an input port (P1) connected to the transmission side, and which isolates a reverse high-frequency signal inputted from the output port (P2); and a rectifier circuit (30) to which the forward high-frequency signal of the two-port isolator (20A) hardly ever flows and which is disposed on a section to which the reverse high-frequency signal flows.

Description

送信回路Transmitter circuit
　本発明は、送信回路、特に、携帯無線通信端末に組み込まれる送信回路に関する。 The present invention relates to a transmission circuit, and more particularly to a transmission circuit incorporated in a portable wireless communication terminal.
　従来、携帯無線通信端末の送信回路にはパワーアンプからの送信信号を非可逆回路素子（サーキュレータやアイソレータ）を介してアンテナへ出力している。非可逆回路素子は、予め定められた特定方向にのみ信号を伝送し、逆方向には伝送しない特性（非可逆性）を有している。 Conventionally, a transmission signal from a power amplifier is output to an antenna via a nonreciprocal circuit element (circulator or isolator) in a transmission circuit of a portable wireless communication terminal. The nonreciprocal circuit element has a characteristic (irreversible) that transmits a signal only in a predetermined specific direction and does not transmit in a reverse direction.
　ところで、携帯無線通信端末においては、環境条件によってアンテナからの反射特性が変化し、電圧換算で２５～５０％程度の高周波信号が非可逆回路素子に反射してくる（逆方向入力）。 By the way, in the portable radio communication terminal, the reflection characteristic from the antenna changes depending on the environmental condition, and a high frequency signal of about 25 to 50% in terms of voltage is reflected to the nonreciprocal circuit element (reverse direction input).
　そこで、反射信号の有効利用を図るため、特許文献１では、アンテナからの反射信号をサーキュレータを介して回収部に供給して直流に変換し、該直流電圧が参照電圧よりも高い場合には、予め定めた回路部品に供給するようにした無線通信装置が提案されている。また、特許文献２では、サーキュレータとアンテナとの間に移相部を設け、アンテナからの反射信号とアイソレータから漏れる送信信号との位相を揃えることにより、回収できる電力を大きくした無線通信装置が提案されている。 Therefore, in order to make effective use of the reflected signal, in Patent Document 1, the reflected signal from the antenna is supplied to the recovery unit via the circulator and converted into direct current, and when the direct current voltage is higher than the reference voltage, There has been proposed a wireless communication apparatus that supplies a predetermined circuit component. Further, Patent Document 2 proposes a wireless communication apparatus in which a phase shift unit is provided between the circulator and the antenna so that the phase of the reflected signal from the antenna and the phase of the transmission signal leaking from the isolator is increased, thereby increasing the recoverable power. Has been.
　しかしながら、特許文献１に記載の装置では、回収電圧が参照電圧よりも低い場合、回収された電力は利用されることはないので、効率的ではない。特許文献２に記載の装置では、利用効率が改善されてはいるが、特許文献１に記載の装置と同様に、三つの入出力ポートを有するサーキュレータとして構成されているため、構成部品が多く、通信回路が大型化するという問題点を有している。 However, the apparatus described in Patent Document 1 is not efficient when the recovered voltage is lower than the reference voltage because the recovered power is not used. Although the utilization efficiency is improved in the apparatus described in Patent Document 2, since it is configured as a circulator having three input / output ports, as in the apparatus described in Patent Document 1, there are many components, There is a problem that the communication circuit is enlarged.
　一方、小型で挿入損失特性のよい２ポート型のアイソレータが、例えば、特許文献３に記載されている。この種の２ポート型アイソレータでは、アンテナからの反射波を終端抵抗で熱として消費することで、アイソレーション特性を確保している。しかし、反射波を熱として拡散してしまうことは無駄でもある。 On the other hand, a small two-port isolator with good insertion loss characteristics is described in Patent Document 3, for example. In this type of two-port isolator, the isolation characteristic is ensured by consuming the reflected wave from the antenna as heat by the terminating resistor. However, it is useless to diffuse the reflected wave as heat.
特開２００８－２７８０９６号公報JP 2008-278096 A 特開２００８－２７８０９７号公報JP 2008-278097 A 特開２００５－１０２１４３号公報JP 2005-102143 A
　本発明の目的は、小型の２ポート型アイソレータを用いてアンテナからの反射波を電力として利用することができる送信回路を提供することにある。 An object of the present invention is to provide a transmission circuit that can use a reflected wave from an antenna as power using a small two-port isolator.
　本発明の一形態である送信回路は、
　送信側に接続された入力ポートから入力された順方向の高周波信号をアンテナ側に接続された出力ポートから出力し、該出力ポートから入力された逆方向の高周波信号をアイソレーションする２ポート型アイソレータと、
　前記２ポート型アイソレータの順方向の高周波信号がほとんど流れることがなく、かつ、逆方向の高周波信号が流れ込む部分に設けられた整流回路と、
　を備えたことを特徴とする。 A transmission circuit according to one embodiment of the present invention is
A two-port isolator that outputs a forward high-frequency signal input from an input port connected to the transmission side from an output port connected to the antenna side, and isolates a reverse high-frequency signal input from the output port When,
A rectifier circuit provided in a portion in which a high-frequency signal in the forward direction of the two-port isolator hardly flows and a high-frequency signal in the reverse direction flows;
It is provided with.
　前記送信回路に設けたアイソレータは、部品点数の少ない小型の２ポート型であって、入力ポートから入力された高周波信号をアンテナに順方向に出力し、逆方向の反射信号を整流回路で直流に整流する。これにて、逆方向の反射信号のアイソレーション特性が確保されるとともに、反射信号が電力として有効利用される。例えば、整流された電力を蓄電して、必要に応じて昇圧して携帯電話機のメインバッテリに供給する。あるいは、送信回路の近傍に配置されたパワーアンプなどの発熱体の冷却素子を駆動する。 The isolator provided in the transmission circuit is a small two-port type with a small number of parts, and outputs a high-frequency signal input from the input port to the antenna in the forward direction, and a reflected signal in the reverse direction is converted to direct current by the rectifier circuit. Rectify. Thereby, the isolation characteristic of the reflected signal in the reverse direction is ensured and the reflected signal is effectively used as power. For example, the rectified power is stored, boosted as necessary, and supplied to the main battery of the mobile phone. Alternatively, a cooling element of a heating element such as a power amplifier disposed in the vicinity of the transmission circuit is driven.
　本発明によれば、小型の２ポート型アイソレータを用いてアンテナからの反射波を電力として利用することができる。 According to the present invention, a reflected wave from an antenna can be used as electric power using a small two-port isolator.
第１実施例である送信回路を示す等価回路図である。FIG. 3 is an equivalent circuit diagram illustrating a transmission circuit according to the first embodiment. 第２実施例である送信回路を示す等価回路図である。FIG. 6 is an equivalent circuit diagram illustrating a transmission circuit according to a second embodiment. 第３実施例である送信回路を示す等価回路図である。It is an equivalent circuit diagram which shows the transmission circuit which is 3rd Example. 第４実施例である送信回路を示す等価回路図である。It is an equivalent circuit diagram which shows the transmission circuit which is 4th Example. 第５実施例である送信回路を示す等価回路図である。FIG. 10 is an equivalent circuit diagram illustrating a transmission circuit according to a fifth embodiment. 第６実施例である送信回路を示す等価回路図である。It is an equivalent circuit diagram which shows the transmission circuit which is 6th Example.
　以下、本発明に係る送信回路の実施例について添付図面を参照して説明する。なお、各図において、同じ部材、部分については共通する符号を付し、重複する説明は省略する。 Hereinafter, embodiments of a transmission circuit according to the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. In addition, in each figure, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected about the same member and part, and the overlapping description is abbreviate | omitted.
　（第１実施例、図１参照）
　第１実施例である送信回路は、携帯電話機の送信回路として構成されており、図１に示すように、パワーアンプＰＡから出力された高周波信号（送信信号）をアイソレータ２０Ａ及びデュプレクサＤＰＸを介してアンテナＡＮＴに伝送するもので、パワーアンプＰＡとのインピーダンスマッチング回路１０を備えている。アイソレータ２０Ａには整流回路３０が設けられており、該整流回路３０については以下に詳述する。 (See the first embodiment, FIG. 1)
The transmission circuit according to the first embodiment is configured as a transmission circuit of a mobile phone. As shown in FIG. 1, a high-frequency signal (transmission signal) output from a power amplifier PA is passed through an isolator 20A and a duplexer DPX. It transmits to the antenna ANT, and includes an impedance matching circuit 10 with the power amplifier PA. The isolator 20A is provided with a rectifier circuit 30, which will be described in detail below.
　パワーアンプＰＡはベースバンドＩＣ（図示せず）の送信信号を増幅するものである。インピーダンスマッチング回路１０は、パワーアンプＰＡの出力側インピーダンスをアイソレータ２０Ａの入力側インピーダンスに整合させるものであり、インダクタＬ３とコンデンサＣ３とからなる整合回路として形成されている。インダクタＬ３はパワーアンプＰＡの出力端子とアイソレータ２０Ａの入力ポートＰ１との間に直列に接続されている。コンデンサＣ３は一端が入力ポートＰ１に接続され、他端がグランドに落とされている。また、デュプレクサＤＰＸは送信信号をアンテナＡＮＴに伝送するとともに、アンテナＡＮＴで受信した受信信号を受信回路５に伝送する。 The power amplifier PA amplifies a transmission signal of a baseband IC (not shown). The impedance matching circuit 10 matches the output side impedance of the power amplifier PA with the input side impedance of the isolator 20A, and is formed as a matching circuit including an inductor L3 and a capacitor C3. The inductor L3 is connected in series between the output terminal of the power amplifier PA and the input port P1 of the isolator 20A. One end of the capacitor C3 is connected to the input port P1, and the other end is grounded. The duplexer DPX transmits a transmission signal to the antenna ANT and transmits a reception signal received by the antenna ANT to the reception circuit 5.
　アイソレータ２０Ａは、集中定数型の２ポートタイプであり、図示しない永久磁石により直流磁界が印加されるマイクロ波用磁性体（以下、フェライト２１と称する）と、該フェライト２１に互いに絶縁状態で交差して配置された第１中心電極２２（インダクタＬ１）及び第２中心電極２３（インダクタＬ２）とを備えている。第１中心電極２２は、一端が入力ポートＰ１に接続され、他端が出力ポートＰ２に接続されている。第２中心電極２３は、一端が出力ポートＰ２に接続され、他端がグランドポートＰ３に接続されている。入力ポートＰ１と出力ポートＰ２との間に、第１整合用コンデンサＣ１が接続され、出力ポートＰ２とグランドポートＰ３との間に第２整合用コンデンサＣ２が接続されている。 The isolator 20A is a lumped constant type two-port type, and intersects the magnetic material for microwaves (hereinafter referred to as ferrite 21) to which a DC magnetic field is applied by a permanent magnet (not shown) and the ferrite 21 in an insulated state. The first center electrode 22 (inductor L1) and the second center electrode 23 (inductor L2) are provided. The first center electrode 22 has one end connected to the input port P1 and the other end connected to the output port P2. The second center electrode 23 has one end connected to the output port P2 and the other end connected to the ground port P3. A first matching capacitor C1 is connected between the input port P1 and the output port P2, and a second matching capacitor C2 is connected between the output port P2 and the ground port P3.
　整流回路３０は、４個のダイオードからなるダイオードブリッジ回路として構成されており、入力ポートＰ１と出力ポートＰ２との間に、第１中心電極２２及びコンデンサＣ１と並列に接続されている。この整流回路３０には平滑回路３５、一時蓄電回路３６、昇圧回路３７が接続され、かつ、昇圧回路３７は携帯電話機のメインバッテリ４０にダイオードＤ１を介して接続されている。 The rectifier circuit 30 is configured as a diode bridge circuit including four diodes, and is connected in parallel with the first center electrode 22 and the capacitor C1 between the input port P1 and the output port P2. A smoothing circuit 35, a temporary storage circuit 36, and a booster circuit 37 are connected to the rectifier circuit 30, and the booster circuit 37 is connected to a main battery 40 of a mobile phone via a diode D1.
　回路３５は、インダクタＬ５とコンデンサＣ５とからなる平滑回路として構成されている。一時蓄電回路３６はバッテリであり、コンデンサなどを用いてもよい。昇圧回路３７はＤＣ－ＤＣコンバータとして構成されている。 The circuit 35 is configured as a smoothing circuit including an inductor L5 and a capacitor C5. The temporary power storage circuit 36 is a battery, and a capacitor or the like may be used. The booster circuit 37 is configured as a DC-DC converter.
　このアイソレータ２０Ａにおいては、高周波信号（送信信号）が入力ポートＰ１から出力ポートＰ２へ流れる順方向動作時には、第２中心電極２３に大きな高周波電流が流れ、整流回路３０やコンデンサＣ１にはほとんど高周波電流が流れないため、小さな挿入損失で送信信号が伝送される。一方、出力ポートＰ２から高周波電流（アンテナＡＮＴからの反射信号）が入力されると、第１中心電極２２とコンデンサＣ１とで形成される並列共振回路及び整流回路３０によって減衰（アイソレーション）されるとともに、整流回路３０によって電圧に変換される。 In this isolator 20A, during a forward operation in which a high-frequency signal (transmission signal) flows from the input port P1 to the output port P2, a large high-frequency current flows through the second center electrode 23, and almost no high-frequency current flows through the rectifier circuit 30 and the capacitor C1. Does not flow, the transmission signal is transmitted with a small insertion loss. On the other hand, when a high-frequency current (a reflection signal from the antenna ANT) is input from the output port P2, it is attenuated (isolated) by the parallel resonant circuit and the rectifier circuit 30 formed by the first center electrode 22 and the capacitor C1. At the same time, the voltage is converted into a voltage by the rectifier circuit 30.
　整流回路３０によって全波整流された電圧は、平滑回路３５によってリップルが平滑化され、低圧用の一時蓄電回路３６に蓄えられ、その後、昇圧回路３７で昇圧されてメインバッテリ４０に供給される。ダイオードＤ１はメインバッテリ４０から昇圧回路３７（ＤＤコンバータ）や、一時蓄電回路３６への逆流を防ぐためのものである。 The ripple rectified by the smoothing circuit 35 is stored in the low-voltage temporary storage circuit 36 after being full-wave rectified by the rectifier circuit 30, and then boosted by the booster circuit 37 and supplied to the main battery 40. The diode D1 is for preventing a backflow from the main battery 40 to the booster circuit 37 (DD converter) and the temporary storage circuit 36.
　この送信回路は携帯電話機に組み込まれて使用されるため、使用時に電話機に金属材が近接したり、手が触れたり離れたりして、アンテナＡＮＴのインピーダンスが変化すると送信信号がアンテナＡＮＴから反射される度合いが大きくなる。このような反射信号はアイソレータ２０Ａによってアイソレーションされ、パワーアンプＰＡに伝送されないことは勿論、整流回路３０によって全波整流され、小さな反射電力であっても一時蓄電回路３６に蓄えられ、効率的にエネルギーとして利用される。また、２ポート型のアイソレータ２０Ａは、サーキュレータと比較して部品点数が少なく小型であり、整流回路３０などもコンパクトにまとめられているため、送信装置全体の小型化を図ることができる。 Since this transmission circuit is used by being incorporated in a cellular phone, when the impedance of the antenna ANT changes when a metal material comes close to the phone or touches or leaves the phone during use, the transmission signal is reflected from the antenna ANT. The degree to be increased. Such a reflected signal is isolated by the isolator 20A and is not transmitted to the power amplifier PA, but is also full-wave rectified by the rectifier circuit 30, and even a small reflected power is stored in the temporary power storage circuit 36 and efficiently. Used as energy. In addition, the 2-port isolator 20A has a smaller number of parts than the circulator and is small in size, and the rectifier circuit 30 and the like are compactly integrated, so that the entire transmission device can be downsized.
　（第２実施例、図２参照）
　第２実施例である送信回路は、図２に示すように、整流回路をレクテナ５０で構成し、出力部にバッテリ４５を接続したものであり、他の構成は前記第１実施例と同様であり、作用効果も基本的に第１実施例と同様である。 (See the second embodiment, FIG. 2)
As shown in FIG. 2, the transmission circuit according to the second embodiment has a rectifier circuit constituted by a rectenna 50 and a battery 45 connected to the output section. The other configurations are the same as those of the first embodiment. Yes, the operational effects are basically the same as in the first embodiment.
　レクテナ５０は、ここでは、バラン５１に接続した入力フィルタ５２と出力フィルタ５３との間にショットキーバリアダイオードＤ２を接続したものであり、ダイオードＤ２は入力された交流を直流に整流する。バラン５１は平衡－不平衡変換器であり、その入力部はポートＰ１，Ｐ２に接続されている。入力フィルタ５２はダイオードＤ２で発生した高調波を阻止する。レクテナは電波（マイクロ波）を受け取り、直流電力に変換する整流回路そのものであり、ＲＦ－ＤＣ変換効率が８０％以上の高率である。 Here, the rectenna 50 has a Schottky barrier diode D2 connected between an input filter 52 and an output filter 53 connected to the balun 51, and the diode D2 rectifies the input alternating current to direct current. The balun 51 is a balanced-unbalanced converter, and its input is connected to the ports P1 and P2. Input filter 52 blocks harmonics generated by diode D2. The rectenna is a rectifier circuit that receives radio waves (microwaves) and converts them into DC power, and has an RF-DC conversion efficiency of 80% or higher.
　（第３実施例、図３参照）
　第３実施例である送信回路は、図３に示すように、整流回路としてコッククロフト・ウォルトン回路６０で構成し、出力部にバッテリ４５を接続したものであり、他の構成は前記第１実施例と同様であり、作用効果も基本的に第１実施例と同様である。 (Refer to the third embodiment, FIG. 3)
As shown in FIG. 3, the transmission circuit according to the third embodiment is constituted by a Cockcroft-Walton circuit 60 as a rectifier circuit, and a battery 45 is connected to the output section. The other configurations are the same as those of the first embodiment. The operational effects are basically the same as in the first embodiment.
　コッククロフト・ウィルトン回路６０は、よく知られているように、コンデンサとダイオードを梯子状に接続したもので、入力部はポートＰ１，Ｐ２に接続されており、出力側のコンデンサに逐次的に直流電圧が蓄積されていき、スイッチングなしで昇圧していく。 As is well known, the Cockcroft-Wilton circuit 60 has a capacitor and a diode connected in a ladder shape, and its input section is connected to ports P1 and P2, and a DC voltage is applied to the output side capacitor sequentially. Is accumulated and boosted without switching.
　（第４実施例、図４参照）
　第４実施例である送信回路は、図４に示すように、整流回路として周知のＲＦ－ＤＣ変換回路６５を用い、その入力部はポートＰ１，Ｐ２に接続されており、出力部はパワーアンプＰＡの最終段トランジスタの電源に接続されている。他の構成は前記第１実施例と同様であり、作用効果も基本的に第１実施例と同様である。 (Refer to the fourth embodiment, FIG. 4)
As shown in FIG. 4, the transmission circuit according to the fourth embodiment uses a well-known RF-DC conversion circuit 65 as a rectifier circuit, its input section is connected to ports P1 and P2, and its output section is a power amplifier. It is connected to the power supply of the final stage transistor of PA. Other configurations are the same as those of the first embodiment, and the operational effects are basically the same as those of the first embodiment.
　（第５実施例、図５参照）
　第５実施例である送信回路は、図５に示すように、整流回路として周知のＡＣ－ＤＣ変換回路７０を用い、その入力部はポートＰ１，Ｐ２に接続されており、出力部は冷却素子７１に接続されている。他の構成は前記第１実施例と同様である。 (Refer to the fifth embodiment, FIG. 5)
As shown in FIG. 5, the transmission circuit according to the fifth embodiment uses a well-known AC-DC conversion circuit 70 as a rectifier circuit, its input section is connected to ports P1 and P2, and its output section is a cooling element. 71 is connected. Other configurations are the same as those of the first embodiment.
　ところで、パワーアンプＰＡの出力が大きいときは、回収される電力も多くなるが、パワーアンプＰＡ自身の発熱も大きくなる。それゆえ、パワーアンプＰＡの近傍に冷却素子７１を配置し、回収した電力を冷却素子７１に供給してパワーアンプＰＡを冷却すれば、余分な電源を要することなく発熱体を冷却することができる。冷却素子７１としては、ペルチェ素子が好適であり、ファンなどを用いてもよい。なお、冷却対象としては、デュプレクサＤＰＸなど他の発熱体であってもよい。 By the way, when the output of the power amplifier PA is large, more power is recovered, but the power amplifier PA itself generates more heat. Therefore, if the cooling element 71 is disposed in the vicinity of the power amplifier PA, and the recovered power is supplied to the cooling element 71 to cool the power amplifier PA, the heating element can be cooled without requiring an extra power source. . As the cooling element 71, a Peltier element is suitable, and a fan or the like may be used. The cooling target may be another heating element such as a duplexer DPX.
　（第６実施例、図６参照）
　第６実施例である送信回路は、基本的には前記第１実施例と同様の構成からなり、異なるのは、２ポート型アイソレータとして図６に示すアイソレータ２０Ｂを用いている点である。 (See the sixth embodiment, FIG. 6)
The transmission circuit according to the sixth embodiment basically has the same configuration as that of the first embodiment except that an isolator 20B shown in FIG. 6 is used as a two-port isolator.
　このアイソレータ２０Ｂにおいて、第１中心電極２２は、一端が入力ポートＰ１に接続され、他端が出力ポートＰ２に接続されている。第２中心電極２３は、一端が入力ポートＰ１に接続され、他端がグランドポートＰ３に接続されている。また、入力ポートＰ１側及び出力ポートＰ２側には、それぞれ、インピーダンス整合用のコンデンサＣ６，Ｃ７が接続されている。 In the isolator 20B, the first center electrode 22 has one end connected to the input port P1 and the other end connected to the output port P2. The second center electrode 23 has one end connected to the input port P1 and the other end connected to the ground port P3. Further, impedance matching capacitors C6 and C7 are connected to the input port P1 side and the output port P2 side, respectively.
　アイソレータ２０Ｂにあっては、第２中心電極２３のインダクタンスを第１中心電極２２のインダクタンスよりも大きく設定することにより、入力ポートＰ１から高周波信号が入力（順方向入力）されると、ジャイレータ動作により第１中心電極２２の両端が同電位となり、第１中心電極２２や整流回路３０にはほとんど電流が流れず、入力信号は出力ポートＰ２に出力される。一方、出力ポートＰ２から高周波信号（反射信号）が入力（逆方向入力）されると、第１中心電極２２とコンデンサＣ１とで形成される並列共振回路及び整流回路３０によって減衰（アイソレーション）されるとともに、整流回路３０によって電圧に変換される。整流回路３０の作用効果は前記第１実施例で説明したとおりである。 In the isolator 20B, by setting the inductance of the second center electrode 23 to be larger than the inductance of the first center electrode 22, when a high frequency signal is input from the input port P1 (forward input), the gyrator operation is performed. Both ends of the first center electrode 22 are at the same potential, so that almost no current flows through the first center electrode 22 and the rectifier circuit 30, and the input signal is output to the output port P2. On the other hand, when a high frequency signal (reflected signal) is input from the output port P2 (reverse direction input), it is attenuated (isolated) by the parallel resonance circuit and the rectifier circuit 30 formed by the first center electrode 22 and the capacitor C1. And converted into voltage by the rectifier circuit 30. The operational effect of the rectifier circuit 30 is as described in the first embodiment.
　また、アイソレータ２０Ｂを用いて、前記第２～第５実施例に示した構成の送信回路を構成することも可能である。 It is also possible to configure the transmission circuit having the configuration shown in the second to fifth embodiments using the isolator 20B.
　（他の実施例）
　なお、本発明に係る送信回路は前記実施例に限定するものではなく、その要旨の範囲内で種々に変更することができる。 (Other examples)
The transmission circuit according to the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment, and can be variously modified within the scope of the gist thereof.
　例えば、整流回路３０、平滑回路３５、一時蓄電回路３６、昇圧回路３７などは、種々の構成のものを採用することができる。 For example, the rectifier circuit 30, the smoothing circuit 35, the temporary storage circuit 36, the booster circuit 37, and the like can have various configurations.
　以上のように、本発明は、携帯無線通信端末などに組み込まれる送信回路に有用であり、特に、アンテナからの反射波を電力として有効に利用できる点で優れている。 As described above, the present invention is useful for a transmission circuit incorporated in a portable wireless communication terminal or the like, and is particularly excellent in that a reflected wave from an antenna can be effectively used as power.
　　２０Ａ，２０Ｂ…アイソレータ
　　２１…フェライト
　　２２…第１中心電極
　　２３…第２中心電極
　　３０…整流回路
　　３５…平滑回路
　　３６…一時蓄電回路
　　３７…昇圧回路
　　４０…メインバッテリ
　　４５…バッテリ
　　５０…レクテナ
　　６０…コッククロフト・ウィルトン回路
　　６５…ＲＦ－ＤＣ変換回路
　　７０…ＡＣ－ＤＣ変換回路
　　７１…冷却素子
　　Ｐ１…入力ポート
　　Ｐ２…出力ポート
　　ＡＮＴ…アンテナ 20A, 20B ... isolator 21 ... ferrite 22 ... first center electrode 23 ... second center electrode 30 ... rectifier circuit 35 ... smoothing circuit 36 ... temporary storage circuit 37 ... booster circuit 40 ... main battery 45 ... battery 50 ... rectenna 60 ... cock croft Wilton circuit 65 ... RF-DC conversion circuit 70 ... AC-DC conversion circuit 71 ... cooling element P1 ... input port P2 ... output port ANT ... antenna

Claims (12)

  1. 　送信側に接続された入力ポートから入力された順方向の高周波信号をアンテナ側に接続された出力ポートから出力し、該出力ポートから入力された逆方向の高周波信号をアイソレーションする２ポート型アイソレータと、
    　前記２ポート型アイソレータの順方向の高周波信号がほとんど流れることがなく、かつ、逆方向の高周波信号が流れ込む部分に設けられた整流回路と、
    　を備えたことを特徴とする送信回路。     A two-port isolator that outputs a forward high-frequency signal input from an input port connected to the transmission side from an output port connected to the antenna side, and isolates a reverse high-frequency signal input from the output port When,
    A rectifier circuit provided in a portion in which a high-frequency signal in the forward direction of the two-port isolator hardly flows and a high-frequency signal in the reverse direction flows;
    A transmission circuit comprising:
  2. 　前記整流回路はダイオードブリッジ回路として構成されていること、を特徴とする請求項１に記載の送信回路。 The transmission circuit according to claim 1, wherein the rectifier circuit is configured as a diode bridge circuit.
  3. 　前記整流回路に、さらに平滑回路、一時蓄電回路が接続されていること、を特徴とする請求項２に記載の送信回路。 The transmission circuit according to claim 2, wherein a smoothing circuit and a temporary storage circuit are further connected to the rectifier circuit.
  4. 　前記一時蓄電回路は、昇圧回路を介してメインバッテリに接続されていること、を特徴とする請求項３に記載の送信回路。 The transmission circuit according to claim 3, wherein the temporary storage circuit is connected to a main battery via a booster circuit.
  5. 　前記整流回路はレクテナとして構成されていること、を特徴とする請求項１に記載の送信回路。 The transmission circuit according to claim 1, wherein the rectifier circuit is configured as a rectenna.
  6. 　前記整流回路はコッククロフト・ウォルトン回路として構成されていること、を特徴とする請求項１に記載の送信回路。 The transmission circuit according to claim 1, wherein the rectifier circuit is configured as a Cockcroft-Walton circuit.
  7. 　前記整流回路はＲＦ－ＤＣ変換回路として構成されていること、を特徴とする請求項１に記載の送信回路。 The transmission circuit according to claim 1, wherein the rectifier circuit is configured as an RF-DC conversion circuit.
  8. 　前記整流回路はＡＣ－ＤＣ変換回路として構成されていること、を特徴とする請求項１に記載の送信回路。 The transmission circuit according to claim 1, wherein the rectifier circuit is configured as an AC-DC conversion circuit.
  9. 　送信回路の入力側又は出力側に接続された発熱体の近傍に該発熱体の冷却素子が配置され、前記整流回路にて整流された電力を該冷却素子に供給すること、を特徴とする請求項１ないし請求項８のいずれかに記載の送信回路。 The cooling element of the heating element is disposed in the vicinity of the heating element connected to the input side or the output side of the transmission circuit, and the electric power rectified by the rectifier circuit is supplied to the cooling element. The transmission circuit according to any one of claims 1 to 8.
  10. 　送信回路の入力側にはパワーアンプが接続され、前記整流回路にて整流された電力を該パワーアンプに供給すること、を特徴とする請求項１ないし請求項９のいずれかに記載の送信回路 10. The transmission circuit according to claim 1, wherein a power amplifier is connected to an input side of the transmission circuit, and the power rectified by the rectifier circuit is supplied to the power amplifier.
  11. 　前記２ポート型アイソレータは、
    　永久磁石により直流磁界が印加されるマイクロ波用磁性体と、
    　前記マイクロ波用磁性体に互いに絶縁状態で交差して配置された第１中心電極及び第２中心電極と、
    　を備え、
    　前記第１中心電極は、一端が前記入力ポートに接続され、他端が前記出力ポートに接続され、
    　前記第２中心電極は、一端が前記出力ポートに接続され、他端がグランドポートに接続され、
    　前記入力ポートと前記出力ポートとの間に第１整合容量が接続され、
    　前記出力ポートと前記グランドポートとの間に第２整合容量が電気的に接続され、
    　前記入力ポートと前記出力ポートとの間に前記整流回路が接続されていること、
    　を特徴とする請求項１ないし請求項１０のいずれかに記載の送信回路。     The two-port isolator is
    A microwave magnetic material to which a DC magnetic field is applied by a permanent magnet;
    A first center electrode and a second center electrode, which are arranged to intersect with each other in an insulated state from the microwave magnetic body;
    With
    The first center electrode has one end connected to the input port and the other end connected to the output port;
    The second center electrode has one end connected to the output port and the other end connected to a ground port,
    A first matching capacitor is connected between the input port and the output port;
    A second matching capacitor is electrically connected between the output port and the ground port;
    The rectifier circuit is connected between the input port and the output port;
    The transmission circuit according to claim 1, wherein:
  12. 　前記２ポート型アイソレータは、
    　永久磁石により直流磁界が印加されるマイクロ波用磁性体と、
    　前記マイクロ波用磁性体に互いに絶縁状態で交差して配置された第１及び第２中心電極と、
    　を備え、
    　前記第１中心電極は、一端が前記入力ポートに接続され、他端が前記出力ポートに接続され、
    　前記第２中心電極は、一端が前記入力ポートに接続され、他端がグランドポートに接続され、
    　前記入力ポートと前記出力ポートとの間に第１整合容量が接続され、
    　前記入力ポートと前記出力ポートとの間に前記整流回路が接続されていること、
    　を特徴とする請求項１ないし請求項１０のいずれかに記載の送信回路。     The two-port isolator is
    A microwave magnetic material to which a DC magnetic field is applied by a permanent magnet;
    A first central electrode and a second central electrode disposed in an insulated state and intersecting with the microwave magnetic body;
    With
    The first center electrode has one end connected to the input port and the other end connected to the output port;
    The second center electrode has one end connected to the input port and the other end connected to a ground port;
    A first matching capacitor is connected between the input port and the output port;
    The rectifier circuit is connected between the input port and the output port;
    The transmission circuit according to claim 1, wherein:
PCT/JP2013/051975 2012-02-29 2013-01-30 Transmission circuit WO2013129010A1 (en)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2012-043620 2012-02-29
JP2012043620 2012-02-29

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Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH05335811A (en) * 1992-03-30 1993-12-17 Toshiba Corp Rectenna
JP2004215477A (en) * 2002-03-19 2004-07-29 Takion Co Ltd Microwave transmitter, microwave receiver, and microwave transmitting method
JP2005102143A (en) * 2003-09-04 2005-04-14 Murata Mfg Co Ltd Two-port isolator, characteristic-adjusting method therefor, and communication apparatus
JP2008011635A (en) * 2006-06-29 2008-01-17 Sony Corp Voltage booster circuit and ic card
JP2008259419A (en) * 2001-05-22 2008-10-23 Shinko Electric Co Ltd Noncontact feeder system
JP2008278097A (en) * 2007-04-27 2008-11-13 Ntt Docomo Inc Radio communication device and power supplying method for the radio communication device

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH05335811A (en) * 1992-03-30 1993-12-17 Toshiba Corp Rectenna
JP2008259419A (en) * 2001-05-22 2008-10-23 Shinko Electric Co Ltd Noncontact feeder system
JP2004215477A (en) * 2002-03-19 2004-07-29 Takion Co Ltd Microwave transmitter, microwave receiver, and microwave transmitting method
JP2005102143A (en) * 2003-09-04 2005-04-14 Murata Mfg Co Ltd Two-port isolator, characteristic-adjusting method therefor, and communication apparatus
JP2008011635A (en) * 2006-06-29 2008-01-17 Sony Corp Voltage booster circuit and ic card
JP2008278097A (en) * 2007-04-27 2008-11-13 Ntt Docomo Inc Radio communication device and power supplying method for the radio communication device

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