WO2013123730A1 - 双向双冲罐体拉伸机 - Google Patents

双向双冲罐体拉伸机 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2013123730A1
WO2013123730A1 PCT/CN2012/075426 CN2012075426W WO2013123730A1 WO 2013123730 A1 WO2013123730 A1 WO 2013123730A1 CN 2012075426 W CN2012075426 W CN 2012075426W WO 2013123730 A1 WO2013123730 A1 WO 2013123730A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
crank
crankshaft
main link
link
slider
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2012/075426
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
安旭
王炳生
孔令光
周恩权
Original Assignee
苏州斯莱克精密设备股份有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Application filed by 苏州斯莱克精密设备股份有限公司 filed Critical 苏州斯莱克精密设备股份有限公司
Publication of WO2013123730A1 publication Critical patent/WO2013123730A1/zh

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Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21DWORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D22/00Shaping without cutting, by stamping, spinning, or deep-drawing
    • B21D22/20Deep-drawing
    • B21D22/28Deep-drawing of cylindrical articles using consecutive dies
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21DWORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D35/00Combined processes according to or processes combined with methods covered by groups B21D1/00 - B21D31/00
    • B21D35/002Processes combined with methods covered by groups B21D1/00 - B21D31/00
    • B21D35/003Simultaneous forming, e.g. making more than one part per stroke
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21DWORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D51/00Making hollow objects
    • B21D51/16Making hollow objects characterised by the use of the objects
    • B21D51/26Making hollow objects characterised by the use of the objects cans or tins; Closing same in a permanent manner
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B30PRESSES
    • B30BPRESSES IN GENERAL
    • B30B1/00Presses, using a press ram, characterised by the features of the drive therefor, pressure being transmitted directly, or through simple thrust or tension members only, to the press ram or platen
    • B30B1/10Presses, using a press ram, characterised by the features of the drive therefor, pressure being transmitted directly, or through simple thrust or tension members only, to the press ram or platen by toggle mechanism
    • B30B1/14Presses, using a press ram, characterised by the features of the drive therefor, pressure being transmitted directly, or through simple thrust or tension members only, to the press ram or platen by toggle mechanism operated by cams, eccentrics, or cranks

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a can body stretching apparatus for a can, and more particularly to a two-way double-flushing body stretching machine.
  • Cans are usually made of aluminum and iron, and the structure is composed of a can body and an easy-opening cover, wherein the can body is mostly formed by stretching of metal.
  • the existing can body stretching machine is usually composed of a combination of a stretching die, a cup feeding mechanism, a can discharging mechanism, a crimping mechanism, and a punch driving mechanism.
  • the drawing die is used for stretching the can body
  • the cup feeding mechanism is used for conveying the can body before stretching (pre-stretched cup-shaped piece)
  • the discharging mechanism is used for discharging and discharging the can body after stretching
  • the crimping mechanism is used to press the edge of the can blank during stretching
  • the punch driving mechanism is used to provide a stamping stroke when the can body is stretched.
  • US Patent No. 4,173,138 discloses a patent for the invention of a can body stretching machine for improving a ram drive mechanism, which relates to a can body stretching machine for a can, wherein the ram drive mechanism is as shown in FIG.
  • the crankshaft 14 In the working state, the crankshaft 14 is provided with radial support by a hydrostatic bearing (not shown).
  • the motor drives the crankshaft 14 to rotate, and the crank of the crankshaft 14 drives the main link 13 to move.
  • the main link 13 The swinging lever 12 is swung, and the swinging lever 12 slides the slider 10 along the static pressure rail 9 through the secondary link 11, so that the punch of the driving punch 15 generates a punching stroke.
  • the punch on the punch 15 of the crankshaft 14 generates a punching stroke with respect to the drawing die, and draws a can body, thereby continuously stretching the can body.
  • the present invention provides a two-way double-flushing body stretching machine, which aims to solve the problem that the conventional one-way single-flush body stretching structure has a large impact load due to the crankshaft supporting bearing, resulting in high dynamic and static bearing design requirements and processing. A series of unreasonable factors such as difficulty and short service life.
  • the first technical solution adopted by the present invention is:
  • crankshaft the crankshaft is rotatably supported by a bearing, and a first crank and a second crank are disposed on the crankshaft, and the first crank and the second crank are opposite in a radial direction of the crankshaft;
  • Two identical main links namely a first main link and a second main link
  • Two identical pendulums namely a first pendulum and a second pendulum;
  • Two identical secondary links namely a first link and a second link
  • Two identical rails namely a first rail and a second rail
  • Two identical sliders namely a first slider and a second slider
  • Two identical rams namely a first ram and a second ram;
  • the first crank is rotatably connected to one end of the first main link, and the other end of the first main link is rotatably connected to the swing arm of the first swing lever, and one end of the first swing lever is rotatably supported, and the first swing lever is The other end is rotatably connected to one end of the first connecting rod, and the other end of the first connecting rod is rotatably connected with the first sliding block, and the first sliding block is mounted on the first guiding rail and is slidably connected with respect to the first guiding rail, the first guiding rail Fixed to the base, the first slider is fixedly connected with the first punch;
  • the second crank is rotatably connected to one end of the second main link, and the other end of the second main link is rotatably connected to the swing arm of the second swing lever, and one end of the second swing lever is rotatably supported, and the second swing lever is The other end is rotatably connected to one end of the second connecting rod, the other end of the second connecting rod is rotatably connected with the second sliding block, and the second sliding block is mounted on the second guiding rail and is slidably connected with respect to the second guiding rail, the second guiding rail Fixed to the base, the second slider is fixedly connected with the second punch;
  • the first crank, the first main link, the first swing bar, the first link, the first rail, the first slider and the first punch are located on one side of the crankshaft and constitute a first punch drive
  • the second crank, the second main link, the second swing bar, the second link, the second rail, the second slider, and the second punch are located on the other side of the crankshaft, and constitute a second Punch drive mechanism.
  • a two-way double-flushing body stretching machine including a ram driving mechanism
  • the innovation is as follows:
  • the ram driving mechanism includes:
  • crankshaft the crankshaft is rotatably supported by a bearing, and a first crank, a second crank, and a third crank are disposed on the crankshaft, and the first crank, the second crank, and the third crank are sequentially arranged in the axial direction of the crankshaft , wherein the first-curved and the third curved turn have the same turning direction in the radial direction of the crankshaft, and are opposite to the turning direction of the second crank in the radial direction of the crankshaft;
  • Three main links namely a first main link, a second main link and a third main link, the first main link being the same as the third main link; two identical pendulums, ie the first pendulum And a second pendulum;
  • Two identical secondary links namely a first link and a second link
  • Two identical rails namely a first rail and a second rail
  • Two identical sliders namely a first slider and a second slider
  • Two identical rams namely a first ram and a second ram;
  • the first crank is rotatably coupled to one end of the first main link
  • the third crank is rotatably coupled to one end of the third main link
  • the other end of the first main link and the other end of the third main link are
  • the swing arm of the first swinging rod is coaxially rotatably connected, one end of the first swinging rod is rotatably supported, and the other end of the first swinging pole is rotatably connected with one end of the first connecting rod, and the other end of the first connecting rod is first and first
  • the first slider is mounted on the first rail and is slidably connected to the first rail, the first rail is fixed to the base, and the first slider is fixedly connected with the first punch;
  • the second crank is rotatably connected to one end of the second main link, and the other end of the second main link is rotatably connected to the swing arm of the second swing lever, and one end of the second swing lever is rotatably supported, and the second swing lever is The other end is rotatably connected to one end of the second connecting rod, the other end of the second connecting rod is rotatably connected with the second sliding block, and the second sliding block is mounted on the second guiding rail and is slidably connected with respect to the second guiding rail, the second guiding rail Fixed to the base, the second slider is fixedly connected with the second punch;
  • the first crank, the third crank, the first main link, the third main link, the first swing bar, the first link, the first rail, the first slider, and the first punch are located at the crankshaft One side, and constitutes a first punch driving mechanism; the second crank, the second main link, the second swing bar, the second link, the second rail, the second slider, and the second punch Located on the other side of the crankshaft and forming a second ram drive mechanism.
  • the design principle of the present invention is: In the structural design of the tank stretching machine, a two-layer double-punch tank stretching machine is formed by using two sets of the same punch driving mechanism to share a single crankshaft design. . The program will drive two sets of punches After the mechanism shares a crankshaft, it forms a double-punched tensile structure in two directions in a symmetrical layout.
  • the present invention has the following advantages and effects compared with the prior art:
  • the present invention uses two sets of identical ram drive mechanisms to share a crankshaft, and two sets of ram drive mechanisms are arranged in opposite directions.
  • the balance bar and the slider can be balanced.
  • the inertial force of the components such as the ram and the reaction force generated during the molding process of the can body thereby significantly reducing the load of the crankshaft support bearing.
  • the maximum impact load of the crankshaft support bearing when the traditional one-way tank stretching machine is working is about 76 kN, and the design of the invention is simulated under the same conditions.
  • the maximum impact load is only about 40 kN ( KN), about 40% less. This change not only reduces the design and machining requirements of the crankshaft bearing, but also extends the life of the bearing and reduces the cost of use and maintenance.
  • the invention adopts two sets of punch driving mechanisms, and is equipped with two sets of drawing die, two sets of crimping mechanisms, two sets of cup feeding mechanisms and two sets of canting mechanisms, which can be driven by one main motor. Achieve the production capacity of two traditional tank stretching machines.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a ram drive mechanism of a conventional can body stretching machine
  • Figure 2 is a perspective view showing the ram drive mechanism of the conventional can body stretching machine in a stretched state
  • Figure 3 is a perspective view showing the ram drive mechanism of the conventional can body stretching machine in a returning state
  • Figure 4 is a perspective view of the bidirectional double-flushing body stretching machine of the present invention.
  • Figure 5 is a schematic view of the ram drive mechanism of the first layout of the present invention.
  • Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of a hyperbolic crankshaft of the present invention.
  • Figure 7 is a perspective view of a double crank crankshaft of the present invention.
  • Figure 8 is a perspective view of the ram drive mechanism of the first layout and the hyperbolic crankshaft of the present invention.
  • Figure 9 is a schematic view of a punch drive mechanism of a second layout of the present invention.
  • Figure 10 is a schematic diagram of a three-turn crankshaft of the present invention.
  • Figure 11 is a perspective view of a three-turn crankshaft of the present invention
  • Figure 12 is a perspective view of the ram drive mechanism of the first layout and the three crank crank of the present invention
  • Figure 13 is a perspective view of a ram drive mechanism employing a second layout and a three-turn crankshaft of the present invention.
  • Embodiment 1 A two-way double-flushing body stretching machine
  • the can body stretching machine is composed of a casing 1, two sets of molds 16, two sets of crimping mechanisms 7, two sets of cup-feeding mechanisms, two sets of can-out mechanisms 4 and a punch driving mechanism.
  • the ram drive mechanism is composed of the following structures:
  • crankshaft 14 the crankshaft 14 is rotatably supported by a bearing, and the bearing is a hydrostatic bearing.
  • the crankshaft 14 is provided with a first crank and a second crank (see FIGS. 6 and 7), and the first and second cranks are opposite in the radial direction of the crankshaft 14; two identical main links 13 , that is, a first main link and a second main link;
  • Two identical pendulums 12 namely a first pendulum and a second pendulum;
  • Two identical secondary links 11, namely a first link and a second link;
  • Two identical sliders 10 namely a first slider and a second slider;
  • flywheel 22 (see Fig. 4), one end of the flywheel 22 is provided with a clutch brake;
  • a drive motor 21 (see Fig. 4) for driving the ram drive mechanism.
  • connection relationship of each component in the punch driving mechanism is as follows:
  • the drive motor 21 is coupled to the flywheel 22 via a belt (see Fig. 4), and the flywheel 22 is coupled to the crankshaft 14 via a clutch brake at one end.
  • the first crank on the crankshaft 14 is rotationally coupled to one end of the first main link, and the other end of the first main link is rotatably coupled to the swing arm of the first swing lever, one end of the first swing lever Rotating the support, the other end of the first swinging rod is rotatably connected to one end of the first connecting rod, and the other end of the first connecting rod is rotatably connected with the first sliding block, and the first sliding block is mounted on the first guiding rail and opposite to the first A guide rail is slidably connected, the first rail is fixed to the base, and the first slider is fixedly connected to the first punch.
  • the second crank on the crankshaft 14 is rotationally coupled to one end of the second main link, and the other end of the second main link is rotatably coupled to the swing arm of the second swing lever, and one end of the second swing lever Rotating the support, the other end of the second swinging rod is rotatably connected to one end of the second connecting rod, the other end of the second connecting rod is rotatably connected with the second sliding block, and the second sliding block is mounted on the second guiding rail and opposite to the first
  • the two rails are slidably connected, the second rail is fixed to the base, and the second slider is fixedly connected to the second punch.
  • the first crank, the first main link, the first swing bar, the first link, the first rail, the first slider, and the first punch are located on one side of the crankshaft 14 and constitute The first punch drive mechanism.
  • the second crank, the second main link, the second swing bar, the second link, the second rail, the second slider and the second punch are located on the other side of the crankshaft 14 and constitute a second punch drive mechanism.
  • the rotational support point of the first swing link and the rotational support point of the second swing link are symmetrically arranged with respect to a straight line passing through the center point of rotation of the crankshaft 14, that is, as shown in FIG.
  • the ram drive mechanism and the second ram drive mechanism are arranged symmetrically with respect to a straight line passing through the center point of rotation of the crankshaft 14, thereby forming the first layout shown in FIG. Since the first ram driving mechanism and the second ram driving mechanism share one crankshaft 14 and the two sets of ram driving mechanisms are arranged in opposite directions, when the two sets of ram driving mechanisms work simultaneously, the pendulum can be balanced, The inertial force of the components such as the slider and the punch during the movement and the reaction force generated during the molding of the can body significantly reduce the load on the bearing supported by the crankshaft 14.
  • the first punch driving mechanism and the second punch driving mechanism may be designed as the first layout as shown in FIG. Two layouts.
  • the second layout is characterized in that, in a plane transverse to the crankshaft 14, the rotational support point of the first swing link and the rotational support point of the second swing link are symmetrically arranged with reference to the center point of rotation of the crankshaft 14. It can be seen from the comparison between FIG. 9 and FIG. 5 that the second layout form and the first layout form are generated in the inertial force of the balance swing rod, the slider, the punch and the like during the movement and the tank forming process. The effect on the reaction is better. Because this arrangement not only balances the force of the bearing in the direction of the ram, but also balances the force perpendicular to the ground on the bearing, so that the overall vibration of the device is smaller and the operation is more stable.
  • the two-way double-flushing body stretching machine in addition to the above-mentioned punch driving mechanism, the two-way double-flushing body stretching machine must also be equipped with two sets of molds 16, two sets of crimping mechanisms 7, two sets of cup-forming mechanisms 2 and two sets. Out of the canister (see Figure 4).
  • two sets of molds 16 cooperate with two identical punches 15 to form a two-way double-flush body stretching structure.
  • the mold 16 is a can body drawing die, and is mainly composed of a punch at the end of the punch 15, a drawing die, and a can bottom forming mechanism 19. This part may be based on prior art, such as the one disclosed in U.S. Patent No. 3,735,629.
  • the ram static bearing 8 can be placed on the ram 15 (see Fig. 4).
  • the crimping mechanism 7 is used to compress the edge of the can when it is stretched, and the technical solution disclosed in U.S. Patent No. 3,704,619 can be employed.
  • the cup feeding mechanism 2 is for conveying the can body before stretching, and is driven by the cup driving motor 3.
  • the cup mechanism 2 can employ the technical solution disclosed in U.S. Patent No. 5,566,567.
  • the can discharge mechanism 4 is used for unloading and outputting the can body after stretching, and is composed of a demolding ring 17, an out-and-out chain 6, an out-of-can drive motor 5, and the like.
  • Demoulding ring 17 can be taken The technical solution disclosed in U.S. Patent 3,664,171 is used.
  • the can dispensing mechanism 4 and the can bottom forming mechanism 19 are supported by the support frame 18.
  • the two-way double-flushing body stretching machine is further provided with an auxiliary system such as a lubricating oil heat exchanger 23, a lubricating oil filtering system 24, a lubricating oil supply pump 25, and a hydrostatic bearing oil supply pump 26.
  • Example 2 A two-way double-flushing body stretching machine
  • the can body stretching machine is composed of a casing 1, two sets of molds 16, two sets of crimping mechanisms 7, two sets of cup feeding mechanisms, two sets of canting mechanisms 4 and a punch driving mechanism.
  • crankshaft 14 in the ram drive mechanism is composed of three cranks and has three main links 13.
  • the ram drive mechanism is composed of the following structures:
  • crankshaft 14 which is rotatably supported by a bearing.
  • the crankshaft 14 is provided with a first crank, a second crank and a third crank (see Figs. 10 and 11), a first crank, a second crank and The third crank is sequentially arranged in the axial direction of the crankshaft 14, wherein the first and third cranks are turned in the same direction in the radial direction of the crankshaft 14 and opposite to the turning direction of the second crankshaft in the radial direction of the crankshaft 14;
  • Two identical pendulums 12 namely a first pendulum and a second pendulum;
  • Two identical secondary links 11, namely a first link and a second link;
  • Two identical sliders 10 namely a first slider and a second slider;
  • flywheel 22 (see Fig. 4), one end of the flywheel 22 is provided with a clutch brake;
  • a drive motor 21 (see Fig. 4) for driving the ram drive mechanism.
  • connection relationship of each component in the punch driving mechanism is as follows:
  • the drive motor 21 is coupled to the flywheel 22 via a belt (see Fig. 4), and the flywheel 22 is coupled to the crankshaft 14 via a clutch brake at one end.
  • the first crank is rotatably coupled to one end of the first main link
  • the third crank is rotatably coupled to one end of the third main link, the other end of the first main link and the third main link
  • the other end of the first swinging rod is coaxially rotatably connected to the swing arm of the first swinging rod.
  • One end of the first swinging rod is rotatably supported, and the other end of the first swinging rod is rotatably connected with one end of the first connecting rod, and the first connecting rod is further connected.
  • One end is rotatably connected to the first sliding block
  • the first sliding block is mounted on the first guiding rail and is slidably connected with respect to the first guiding rail
  • the first guiding rail is fixed relative to the base
  • the first sliding block is fixedly connected with the first sliding rod.
  • the second crank is rotatably connected to one end of the second main link, and the other end of the second main link is rotatably connected to the swing arm of the second swing lever, and one end of the second swing lever is rotatably supported,
  • the other end of the second swinging rod is rotatably connected to one end of the second connecting rod, the other end of the second connecting rod is rotatably connected with the second sliding block, and the second sliding block is mounted on the second guiding rail and is slidably connected with respect to the second guiding rail
  • the second rail is fixed relative to the base, and the second slider is fixedly connected to the second punch.
  • the punch is located at one side of the crankshaft 14 and constitutes a first punch drive mechanism;
  • the second ram is located on the other side of the crankshaft 14 and constitutes a second ram drive mechanism.
  • the rotational support point of the first swing link and the rotational support point of the second swing link are symmetrically arranged with respect to a straight line passing through the center point of rotation of the crankshaft 14, that is, as shown in FIG.
  • the ram drive mechanism and the second ram drive mechanism are arranged bilaterally symmetrically with respect to a straight line passing through the center point of rotation of the crankshaft 14, thereby forming the first layout shown in FIG.
  • a second layout as shown in FIG. 9.
  • the specific structure is shown in FIG. 13, that is, in the plane of the cross-shaft 14,
  • the rotational support point of the first swing link and the rotational support point of the second swing link are symmetrically arranged with respect to the center point of rotation of the crankshaft 14.

Abstract

一种双向双冲罐体拉伸机,利用两套相同的冲杆驱动机构,通过共用一个曲轴(14)形成一种双向双冲结构的易拉罐罐体拉伸机。两套冲杆驱动机构共用一个曲轴后,以对称布局的方式进行布置,可以平衡摆杆(12)、滑块(10)、冲杆(15)等部件在运动中的惯性力以及罐体成型过程中产生的反作用力,从而减少了曲轴支承轴承的载荷,降低轴承设计和加工要求,延长使用寿命。另外,一台设备不仅可以实现两台传统罐体拉伸机的产能,而且与两台传统罐体拉伸机相比还节约了设备的制造成本,降低了能源消耗。

Description

双向双冲罐体拉伸机 技术领域
[0001] 本发明涉及一种易拉罐的罐体拉伸设备, 特别涉及一种双向双冲罐体拉伸机。
背景技术
[0002] 随着人们生活水平的提高, 罐装食品和饮料越来越多, 易拉罐的需求量也越来越 大。
[0003] 易拉罐通常有铝质和铁质两种, 其结构由罐体和易拉盖两部分组成, 其中, 罐体大 多由金属拉伸形成。 现有罐体拉伸机通常由拉伸模具、 进杯机构、 出罐机构、 压边机构和冲 杆驱动机构几部分组合构成。 其中, 拉伸模具用于拉伸易拉罐罐体, 进杯机构用于输送拉伸 前的罐坯 (预拉伸的杯形件), 出罐机构用于拉伸后的卸料及输出罐体, 压边机构用于拉伸 时压紧罐坯边缘, 冲杆驱动机构用于提供罐体拉伸时的冲压行程。
[0004] 美国专利 US4173138 公开了一种名称为 《改进冲杆驱动机构的罐体拉伸机》 的发明 专利, 该专利涉及易拉罐的罐体拉伸机, 其中, 冲杆驱动机构如图 1〜图 3 所示, 由曲轴 14、 主连杆 13、 摆杆 12、 次连杆 11、 静压导轨 9、 滑块 10和冲杆 15组成, 曲轴 14的曲拐 部分与主连杆 13的一端转动连接, 主连杆 13的另一端与摆杆 12的摆臂转动连接, 摆杆 12 的一端转动支承, 另一端与次连杆 11 的一端转动连接, 次连杆 11 的另一端与滑块 10转动 连接, 滑块 10安装在静压导轨 9上, 冲杆 15的一端与滑块 10固定连接, 冲杆 15的另一端 设有用于拉伸罐体的冲头。 在工作状态下, 曲轴 14 由动静压轴承 (图中未画出) 提供径向 支撑, 拉伸罐体时电机驱动曲轴 14转动, 曲轴 14的曲拐带动主连杆 13运动, 主连杆 13推 动摆杆 12摆动, 摆杆 12通过次连杆 11带动滑块 10沿静压导轨 9滑动, 从而驱动冲杆 15 的冲头产生冲压行程。 曲轴 14每转一圈冲杆 15上的冲头相对拉伸模具产生一次冲压行程, 拉伸出一个罐体, 以此循环往复不断拉伸出罐体。
[0005] 在上述美国专利罐体拉伸机的结构设计中, 由于只采用一套冲杆驱动机构进行单向 单冲罐体拉伸, 摆杆 12、 滑块 10、 冲杆 15等部件在运动中的惯性力以及罐体成型过程中产 生的反作用力经各传动副传递和放大后, 最终全部作用于支承曲轴 14 的轴承上。 尤其当曲 轴 14 以每分钟 400转左右的转速工作时, 这些作用力对轴承形成很大的冲击载荷。 因此从 受力分析可以看出, 在这种机械结构中支承曲轴 14 的轴承是受力平衡的关键和整个机构的 薄弱环节。 如果采用滚动轴承难以长时间承受较大的冲击载荷, 需要采用高压力供油系统的 动静压轴承。 [0006] 为了解决上述冲杆驱动机构中曲轴的支承问题, 另一件名称为 《罐体拉伸机的曲轴 机构》 的美国专利 US5546785 提供了一种解决方案, 即在曲轴的曲拐相反位置上连接一平 衡配重滑块, 利用该平衡配重滑块来平衡机构自身惯性力作用于轴承的载荷 (详见美国专利 US5546785中图 3 的平衡配重滑块 308 以及图 4的平衡配重滑块 230)。 但是这种解决方案 只能平衡空载时由摆杆 12、 滑块 10、 冲杆 15等运动部件产生的施加于轴承的惯性力载荷, 而罐体成型过程中产生的反作用力无法用平衡配重滑块来平衡。 此外, 在冲杆驱动机构中增 设平衡配重滑块无形中增加了驱动电机的负载, 直接导致能耗上升, 造成能源浪费。
发明内容
[0007] 本发明提供一种双向双冲罐体拉伸机, 旨在解决传统单向单冲罐体拉伸结构由于曲 轴支承轴承承受的冲击载荷较大, 导致动静压轴承设计要求高、 加工难度大、 使用寿命短等 一系列不合理因素所带来的问题。
[0008] 为达到上述目的, 本发明采用的第一种技术方案是: 一种双向双冲罐体拉伸机, 包 括冲杆驱动机构, 其创新在于: 所述冲杆驱动机构包括:
一个曲轴, 该曲轴由轴承转动支承, 曲轴上设有第一曲拐和第二曲拐, 第一曲拐与第二曲拐 在曲轴径向上的拐向相反;
两个相同的主连杆, 即第一主连杆和第二主连杆;
两个相同的摆杆, 即第一摆杆和第二摆杆;
两个相同的次连杆, 即第一次连杆和第二次连杆;
两个相同的导轨, 即第一导轨和第二导轨;
两个相同的滑块, 即第一滑块和第二滑块;
两个相同的冲杆, 即第一冲杆和第二冲杆;
其中:
所述第一曲拐与第一主连杆的一端转动连接, 第一主连杆的另一端与第一摆杆的摆臂转动连 接, 第一摆杆的一端转动支承, 第一摆杆的另一端与第一次连杆的一端转动连接, 第一次连 杆的另一端与第一滑块转动连接, 第一滑块安装在第一导轨上并相对第一导轨滑动连接, 第 一导轨相对机座固定, 第一滑块与第一冲杆固定连接;
所述第二曲拐与第二主连杆的一端转动连接, 第二主连杆的另一端与第二摆杆的摆臂转动连 接, 第二摆杆的一端转动支承, 第二摆杆的另一端与第二次连杆的一端转动连接, 第二次连 杆的另一端与第二滑块转动连接, 第二滑块安装在第二导轨上并相对第二导轨滑动连接, 第 二导轨相对机座固定, 第二滑块与第二冲杆固定连接; 所述第一曲拐、 第一主连杆、 第一摆杆、 第一次连杆、 第一导轨、 第一滑块以及第一冲杆位 于曲轴的一侧, 并构成第一冲杆驱动机构; 所述第二曲拐、 第二主连杆、 第二摆杆、 第二次 连杆、 第二导轨、 第二滑块以及第二冲杆位于曲轴的另一侧, 并构成第二冲杆驱动机构。
[0009] 为达到上述目的, 本发明采用的第二种技术方案是: 一种双向双冲罐体拉伸机, 包 括冲杆驱动机构, 其创新在于: 所述冲杆驱动机构包括:
一个曲轴, 该曲轴由轴承转动支承, 曲轴上设有第一曲拐、 第二曲拐和第三曲拐, 第一曲 拐、 第二曲拐和第三曲拐在曲轴轴向上依次布置, 其中, 第 -曲拐和第三曲拐在曲轴径向上 的拐向相同, 并与第二曲拐在曲轴径向上的拐向相反;
三个主连杆, 即第一主连杆、 第二主连杆和第三主连杆, 第一主连杆与第三主连杆相同; 两个相同的摆杆, 即第一摆杆和第二摆杆;
两个相同的次连杆, 即第一次连杆和第二次连杆;
两个相同的导轨, 即第一导轨和第二导轨;
两个相同的滑块, 即第一滑块和第二滑块;
两个相同的冲杆, 即第一冲杆和第二冲杆;
其中:
所述第一曲拐与第一主连杆的一端转动连接, 第三曲拐与第三主连杆的一端转动连接, 第一 主连杆的另一端和第三主连杆的另一端与第一摆杆的摆臂同轴转动连接, 第一摆杆的一端转 动支承, 第一摆杆的另一端与第一次连杆的一端转动连接, 第一次连杆的另一端与第一滑块 转动连接, 第一滑块安装在第一导轨上并相对第一导轨滑动连接, 第一导轨相对机座固定, 第一滑块与第一冲杆固定连接;
所述第二曲拐与第二主连杆的一端转动连接, 第二主连杆的另一端与第二摆杆的摆臂转动连 接, 第二摆杆的一端转动支承, 第二摆杆的另一端与第二次连杆的一端转动连接, 第二次连 杆的另一端与第二滑块转动连接, 第二滑块安装在第二导轨上并相对第二导轨滑动连接, 第 二导轨相对机座固定, 第二滑块与第二冲杆固定连接;
所述第一曲拐、 第三曲拐、 第一主连杆、 第三主连杆、 第一摆杆、 第一次连杆、 第一导轨、 第一滑块以及第一冲杆位于曲轴的一侧, 并构成第一冲杆驱动机构; 所述第二曲拐、 第二主 连杆、 第二摆杆、 第二次连杆、 第二导轨、 第二滑块以及第二冲杆位于曲轴的另一侧, 并构 成第二冲杆驱动机构。
[0010] 本发明设计原理是: 在罐体拉伸机的结构设计中, 利用两套相同的冲杆驱动机构, 通过共用一个曲轴的设计方案形成一种双向双冲结构的罐体拉伸机。 该方案将两套冲杆驱动 机构共用一个曲轴后, 以对称布局的方式构成两个方向上的双冲拉伸结构。
[0011] 由于上述技术方案运用, 本发明与现有技术相比具有下列优点和效果:
1.本发明采用两套相同的冲杆驱动机构共用一个曲轴, 并且将两套冲杆驱动机构布置在相反 方向上, 当这两套冲杆驱动机构同时工作时, 可以平衡摆杆、 滑块、 冲杆等部件在运动中的 惯性力以及罐体成型过程中产生的反作用力, 从而显著地减少了曲轴支承轴承的载荷。 经过 仿真软件分析, 传统单向罐体拉伸机工作时曲轴支承轴承的最大冲击载荷约为 76 千牛 (KN), 而本发明设计经同等条件下仿真分析最大冲击载荷只有约 40 千牛 (KN), 约减小 了 40%以上。 这种变化不仅降低了曲轴支承轴承的设计和加工要求, 而且可以延长轴承的使 用寿命, 降低了使用和维护费用。
[0012] 2.本发明采用两套冲杆驱动机构, 同时配备两套拉伸模具、 两套压边机构、 两套进杯 机构和两套出罐机构, 可以在一台主电机的驱动下实现两台传统罐体拉伸机的产能。
[0013] 3.由于平衡了摆杆、 滑块、 冲杆等部件在运动中的惯性力以及罐体成型过程中产生的 反作用力, 在相同产能的情况下, 本发明一台罐体拉伸机与两台传统罐体拉伸机相比大大降 低了能源消耗。
[0014] 4.由于本发明一台罐体拉伸机相当于两台传统罐体拉伸机, 使得机器的占地面积大大 小于两台设备的占地面积, 提高了厂房空间的使用率。
[0015] 5.由于本发明采用两套冲杆驱动机构共用一个曲轴、 飞轮和驱动电机, 与两台传统罐 体拉伸机相比, 减少了一套驱动装置, 大大节约了设备的制造成本。
附图说明
[0016] 附图 1为传统罐体拉伸机的冲杆驱动机构原理图;
附图 2为传统罐体拉伸机的冲杆驱动机构处于拉伸状态的立体图;
附图 3为传统罐体拉伸机的冲杆驱动机构处于回程状态的立体图;
附图 4为本发明双向双冲罐体拉伸机立体图;
附图 5为本发明第一种布局的冲杆驱动机构原理图;
附图 6为本发明双曲拐曲轴原理图;
附图 7为本发明双曲拐曲轴立体图;
附图 8为本发明采用第一种布局和双曲拐曲轴的冲杆驱动机构立体图;
附图 9为本发明第二种布局的冲杆驱动机构原理图;
附图 10为本发明三曲拐曲轴原理图;
附图 11为本发明三曲拐曲轴立体图; 附图 12为本发明采用第一种布局和三曲拐曲轴的冲杆驱动机构立体图;
附图 13为本发明采用第二种布局和三曲拐曲轴的冲杆驱动机构立体图。
[0017] 以上附图中: 1.箱体; 2.进杯机构; 3.进杯驱动电机; 4.出罐机构; 5.出罐驱动电机; 6.出罐链条; 7.压边机构; 8.冲杆静压轴承; 9.导轨; 10.滑块; 11.次连杆; 12.摆杆; 13.主连 杆; 14.曲轴; 15.冲杆; 16.模具; 17 脱模环; 18.支撑架; 19.罐底成型机构; 20.驱动机箱; 21.驱动电机; 22.飞轮; 23.润滑油热交换器; 24.润滑油过滤系统; 25.润滑油供油泵; 26.动 静压轴承供油泵。
具体实施方式
[0018] 下面结合附图及实施例对本发明作进一步描述:
实施例 1 : 一种双向双冲罐体拉伸机
如图 4所示, 该罐体拉伸机由箱体 1、 两套模具 16、 两套压边机构 7、 两套进杯机构 2、 两 套出罐机构 4和冲杆驱动机构组成。
[0019] 如图 5和图 8所示, 冲杆驱动机构由下列结构组成:
一个曲轴 14, 该曲轴 14 由轴承转动支承, 支承轴承采用动静压轴承。 曲轴 14上设有第一 曲拐和第二曲拐 (见图 6和图 7), 第一曲拐与第二曲拐在曲轴 14径向上的拐向相反; 两个相同的主连杆 13, 即第一主连杆和第二主连杆;
两个相同的摆杆 12, 即第一摆杆和第二摆杆;
两个相同的次连杆 11, 即第一次连杆和第二次连杆;
两个相同的导轨 9, 即第一导轨和第二导轨;
两个相同的滑块 10, 即第一滑块和第二滑块;
两个相同的冲杆 15, 即第一冲杆和第二冲杆;
一个飞轮 22 (见图 4), 该飞轮 22的一端设有离合制动器;
一个驱动电机 21 (见图 4), 该驱动电机 21用于驱动冲杆驱动机构。
[0020] 所述冲杆驱动机构中的各零部件的连接关系如下:
第一, 驱动电机 21通过皮带与飞轮 22传动连接 (见图 4), 飞轮 22经一端的离合制动器与 曲轴 14传动连接。
[0021] 第二, 曲轴 14 上的第一曲拐与第一主连杆的一端转动连接, 第一主连杆的另一端与 第一摆杆的摆臂转动连接, 第一摆杆的一端转动支承, 第一摆杆的另一端与第一次连杆的一 端转动连接, 第一次连杆的另一端与第一滑块转动连接, 第一滑块安装在第一导轨上并相对 第一导轨滑动连接, 第一导轨相对机座固定, 第一滑块与第一冲杆固定连接。 [0022] 第三, 曲轴 14 上的第二曲拐与第二主连杆的一端转动连接, 第二主连杆的另一端与 第二摆杆的摆臂转动连接, 第二摆杆的一端转动支承, 第二摆杆的另一端与第二次连杆的一 端转动连接, 第二次连杆的另一端与第二滑块转动连接, 第二滑块安装在第二导轨上并相对 第二导轨滑动连接, 第二导轨相对机座固定, 第二滑块与第二冲杆固定连接。
[0023] 第四, 第一曲拐、 第一主连杆、 第一摆杆、 第一次连杆、 第一导轨、 第一滑块以及 第一冲杆位于曲轴 14 的一侧, 并构成第一冲杆驱动机构。 第二曲拐、 第二主连杆、 第二摆 杆、 第二次连杆、 第二导轨、 第二滑块以及第二冲杆位于曲轴 14 的另一侧, 并构成第二冲 杆驱动机构。 在横截曲轴 14 的平面上, 将第一摆杆的转动支承点和第二摆杆的转动支承点 以过曲轴 14转动中心点的直线为基准对称布置, 即如图 5所示, 第一冲杆驱动机构与第二 冲杆驱动机构以过曲轴 14转动中心点的直线为基准左右对称布置, 以此形成图 5所示的第 一种布局。 由于第一冲杆驱动机构和第二冲杆驱动机构共用一个曲轴 14, 并且将两套冲杆 驱动机构布置在相反方向上, 当这两套冲杆驱动机构同时工作时, 可以平衡摆杆、 滑块、 冲 杆等部件在运动中的惯性力以及罐体成型过程中产生的反作用力, 从而显著地减少了曲轴 14支承轴承的载荷。
[0024] 在实施例 1 中, 第一冲杆驱动机构和第二冲杆驱动机构除了可以设计成如图 5 所示 的第一种布局之外, 也可以设计成如图 9所示的第二种布局。 第二种布局的特点是: 在横截 曲轴 14的平面上, 将第一摆杆的转动支承点和第二摆杆的转动支承点以曲轴 14转动中心点 为基准对称布置。 从图 9与图 5的比较中可以看出, 第二种布局形式与第一种布局形式在平 衡摆杆、 滑块、 冲杆等部件在运动中的惯性力以及罐体成型过程中产生的反作用力方面的效 果更好。 因为这种布置方式不但平衡了轴承在冲杆运动方向上的力, 而且也平衡掉了轴承上 垂直于地面的力, 从而使得设备的整体震动更小, 运行更为平稳。
[0025] 在实施例 1 中, 除了上述冲杆驱动机构而外, 双向双冲罐体拉伸机还必需配备两套 模具 16、 两套压边机构 7、 两套进杯机构 2 以及两套出罐机构 (见图 4)。 其中, 两套模具 16 与两个相同的冲杆 15 配合形成双向双冲罐体拉伸结构。 模具 16 为易拉罐罐体拉伸模 具, 主要由冲杆 15端部的冲头、 拉伸模以及罐底成型机构 19构成。 这部分可以采用现有技 术, 比如采用美国专利 US3735629公开的技术方案。 为了保证冲杆 15的稳定性可以在冲杆 15 上套装冲杆静压轴承 8 (见图 4)。 压边机构 7用于拉伸时压紧罐坯边缘, 可以采用美国 专利 US3704619 公开的技术方案。 进杯机构 2用于输送拉伸前的罐坯, 由进杯驱动电机 3 驱动。 进杯机构 2可以采用美国专利 US5566567公开的技术方案。 出罐机构 4用于拉伸后 的卸料及输出罐体, 由脱模环 17、 出罐链条 6、 出罐驱动电机 5等组成。 脱模环 17可以采 用美国专利 US3664171 公开的技术方案。 出罐机构 4和罐底成型机构 19 由支撑架 18 支 撑。 另外, 双向双冲罐体拉伸机还设有润滑油热交换器 23、 润滑油过滤系统 24、 润滑油供 油泵 25以及动静压轴承供油泵 26等辅助系统。
[0026] 实施例 2: —种双向双冲罐体拉伸机
参照图 4, 该罐体拉伸机由箱体 1、 两套模具 16、 两套压边机构 7、 两套进杯机构 2、 两套 出罐机构 4和冲杆驱动机构组成。
[0027] 与实施例 1 的不同之处在于: 冲杆驱动机构中的曲轴 14 由三个曲拐构成, 并且有三 个主连杆 13。
[0028] 如图 5和图 12所示, 冲杆驱动机构由下列结构组成:
一个曲轴 14, 该曲轴 14 由轴承转动支承, 曲轴 14上设有第一曲拐、 第二曲拐和第三曲拐 (见图 10和图 11 ), 第一曲拐、 第二曲拐和第三曲拐在曲轴 14轴向上依次布置, 其中, 第 一曲拐和第三曲拐在曲轴 14 径向上的拐向相同, 并与第二曲拐在曲轴 14 径向上的拐向相 反;
三个主连杆 13, 即第一主连杆、 第二主连杆和第三主连杆, 第一主连杆与第三主连杆相 同;
两个相同的摆杆 12, 即第一摆杆和第二摆杆;
两个相同的次连杆 11, 即第一次连杆和第二次连杆;
两个相同的导轨 9, 即第一导轨和第二导轨;
两个相同的滑块 10, 即第一滑块和第二滑块;
两个相同的冲杆 15, 即第一冲杆和第二冲杆;
一个飞轮 22 (见图 4), 该飞轮 22的一端设有离合制动器;
一个驱动电机 21 (见图 4), 该驱动电机 21用于驱动冲杆驱动机构。
[0029] 所述冲杆驱动机构中的各零部件的连接关系如下:
第一, 驱动电机 21通过皮带与飞轮 22传动连接 (见图 4), 飞轮 22经一端的离合制动器与 曲轴 14传动连接。
[0030] 第二, 第一曲拐与第一主连杆的一端转动连接, 第三曲拐与第三主连杆的一端转动 连接, 第一主连杆的另一端和第三主连杆的另一端与第一摆杆的摆臂同轴转动连接, 第一摆 杆的一端转动支承, 第一摆杆的另一端与第一次连杆的一端转动连接, 第一次连杆的另一端 与第一滑块转动连接, 第一滑块安装在第一导轨上并相对第一导轨滑动连接, 第一导轨相对 机座固定, 第一滑块与第一冲杆固定连接。 [0031] 第三, 第二曲拐与第二主连杆的一端转动连接, 第二主连杆的另一端与第二摆杆的 摆臂转动连接, 第二摆杆的一端转动支承, 第二摆杆的另一端与第二次连杆的一端转动连 接, 第二次连杆的另一端与第二滑块转动连接, 第二滑块安装在第二导轨上并相对第二导轨 滑动连接, 第二导轨相对机座固定, 第二滑块与第二冲杆固定连接。
[0032] 第四, 第一曲拐、 第三曲拐、 第一主连杆、 第三主连杆、 第一摆杆、 第一次连杆、 第一导轨、 第一滑块以及第一冲杆位于曲轴 14 的一侧, 并构成第一冲杆驱动机构; 所述第 二曲拐、 第二主连杆、 第二摆杆、 第二次连杆、 第二导轨、 第二滑块以及第二冲杆位于曲轴 14的另一侧, 并构成第二冲杆驱动机构。 在横截曲轴 14的平面上, 将第一摆杆的转动支承 点和第二摆杆的转动支承点以过曲轴 14 转动中心点的直线为基准对称布置, 即如图 5 所 示, 第一冲杆驱动机构与第二冲杆驱动机构以过曲轴 14 转动中心点的直线为基准左右对称 布置, 以此形成图 5所示的第一种布局。 除了可以设计成如图 5所示的第一种布局而外, 也 可以设计成如图 9所示的第二种布局, 具体结构见图 13所示, 即在横截曲轴 14的平面上, 将第一摆杆的转动支承点和第二摆杆的转动支承点以曲轴 14转动中心点为基准对称布置。
[0033] 其它结构与实施例 1相同, 这里不再重复描述。
[0034] 上述实施例只为说明本发明的技术构思及特点, 其目的在于让熟悉此项技术的人士 能够了解本发明的内容并据以实施, 并不能以此限制本发明的保护范围。 凡根据本发明精神 实质所作的等效变化或修饰, 都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims

权 利 要 求 书
1. 一种双向双冲罐体拉伸机, 包括冲杆驱动机构, 其特征在于: 所述冲杆驱动机构包括: 一个曲轴 (14), 该曲轴 (14) 由轴承转动支承, 曲轴 (14) 上设有第一曲拐和第二曲拐, 第一曲拐与第二曲拐在曲轴 (14) 径向上的拐向相反;
两个相同的主连杆 (13), 即第一主连杆和第二主连杆;
两个相同的摆杆 (12), 即第一摆杆和第二摆杆;
两个相同的次连杆 (11 ), 即第一次连杆和第二次连杆;
两个相同的导轨 (9), 即第一导轨和第二导轨;
两个相同的滑块 (10), 即第一滑块和第二滑块;
两个相同的冲杆 (15), 即第一冲杆和第二冲杆;
其中:
所述第一曲拐与第一主连杆的一端转动连接, 第一主连杆的另一端与第一摆杆的摆臂转动 连接, 第一摆杆的一端转动支承, 第一摆杆的另一端与第一次连杆的一端转动连接, 第一 次连杆的另一端与第一滑块转动连接, 第一滑块安装在第一导轨上并相对第一导轨滑动连 接, 第一导轨相对机座固定, 第一滑块与第一冲杆固定连接;
所述第二曲拐与第二主连杆的一端转动连接, 第二主连杆的另一端与第二摆杆的摆臂转动 连接, 第二摆杆的一端转动支承, 第二摆杆的另一端与第二次连杆的一端转动连接, 第二 次连杆的另一端与第二滑块转动连接, 第二滑块安装在第二导轨上并相对第二导轨滑动连 接, 第二导轨相对机座固定, 第二滑块与第二冲杆固定连接;
所述第一曲拐、 第一主连杆、 第一摆杆、 第一次连杆、 第一导轨、 第一滑块以及第一冲杆 位于曲轴 (14) 的一侧, 并构成第一冲杆驱动机构; 所述第二曲拐、 第二主连杆、 第二摆 杆、 第二次连杆、 第二导轨、 第二滑块以及第二冲杆位于曲轴 (14) 的另一侧, 并构成第 二冲杆驱动机构。
2. 一种双向双冲罐体拉伸机, 包括冲杆驱动机构, 其特征在于: 所述冲杆驱动机构包括: 一个曲轴 (14), 该曲轴 (14) 由轴承转动支承, 曲轴 (14) 上设有第一曲拐、 第二曲拐和 第三曲拐, 第一曲拐、 第二曲拐和第三曲拐在曲轴 (14) 轴向上依次布置, 其中, 第一曲 拐和第三曲拐在曲轴 (14) 径向上的拐向相同, 并与第二曲拐在曲轴 (14) 径向上的拐向 相反;
三个主连杆 (13), 即第一主连杆、 第二主连杆和第三主连杆, 第一主连杆与第三主连杆相 同; 两个相同的摆杆 (12), 即第一摆杆和第二摆杆;
两个相同的次连杆 (11 ), 即第一次连杆和第二次连杆;
两个相同的导轨 (9), 即第一导轨和第二导轨;
两个相同的滑块 (10), 即第一滑块和第二滑块;
两个相同的冲杆 (15), 即第一冲杆和第二冲杆;
其中:
所述第一曲拐与第一主连杆的一端转动连接, 第三曲拐与第三主连杆的一端转动连接, 第 一主连杆的另一端和第三主连杆的另一端与第一摆杆的摆臂同轴转动连接, 第一摆杆的一 端转动支承, 第一摆杆的另一端与第一次连杆的一端转动连接, 第一次连杆的另一端与第 一滑块转动连接, 第一滑块安装在第一导轨上并相对第一导轨滑动连接, 第一导轨相对机 座固定, 第一滑块与第一冲杆固定连接;
所述第二曲拐与第二主连杆的一端转动连接, 第二主连杆的另一端与第二摆杆的摆臂转动 连接, 第二摆杆的一端转动支承, 第二摆杆的另一端与第二次连杆的一端转动连接, 第二 次连杆的另一端与第二滑块转动连接, 第二滑块安装在第二导轨上并相对第二导轨滑动连 接, 第二导轨相对机座固定, 第二滑块与第二冲杆固定连接;
所述第一曲拐、 第三曲拐、 第一主连杆、 第三主连杆、 第一摆杆、 第一次连杆、 第一导轨、 第一滑块以及第一冲杆位于曲轴 (14) 的一侧, 并构成第一冲杆驱动机构; 所述第二曲拐、 第二主连杆、 第二摆杆、 第二次连杆、 第二导轨、 第二滑块以及第二冲杆位于曲轴 (14) 的另一侧, 并构成第二冲杆驱动机构。
3. 根据权利要求 1或 2所述的双向双冲罐体拉伸机, 其特征在于: 在横截曲轴 (14) 的平 面上, 将第一摆杆的转动支承点和第二摆杆的转动支承点以过曲轴 (14) 转动中心点的直 线为基准对称布置。
4. 根据权利要求 1或 2所述的双向双冲罐体拉伸机, 其特征在于: 在横截曲轴 (14) 的平 面上, 将第一摆杆的转动支承点和第二摆杆的转动支承点以曲轴 (14) 转动中心点为基准 对称布置。
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