WO2013113281A1 - 传输多媒体数据的方法、装置及系统 - Google Patents

传输多媒体数据的方法、装置及系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2013113281A1
WO2013113281A1 PCT/CN2013/071190 CN2013071190W WO2013113281A1 WO 2013113281 A1 WO2013113281 A1 WO 2013113281A1 CN 2013071190 W CN2013071190 W CN 2013071190W WO 2013113281 A1 WO2013113281 A1 WO 2013113281A1
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WO
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Prior art keywords
multimedia data
client
module
multimedia
control unit
Prior art date
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PCT/CN2013/071190
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
张轲
陈家君
Original Assignee
腾讯科技(深圳)有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Application filed by 腾讯科技(深圳)有限公司 filed Critical 腾讯科技(深圳)有限公司
Priority to AP2014007863A priority Critical patent/AP2014007863A0/xx
Priority to KR1020147024530A priority patent/KR20140128400A/ko
Publication of WO2013113281A1 publication Critical patent/WO2013113281A1/zh
Priority to US14/450,090 priority patent/US9578179B2/en

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Classifications

    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04MTELEPHONIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04M3/00Automatic or semi-automatic exchanges
    • H04M3/42Systems providing special services or facilities to subscribers
    • H04M3/56Arrangements for connecting several subscribers to a common circuit, i.e. affording conference facilities
    • H04M3/567Multimedia conference systems
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04NPICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N7/00Television systems
    • H04N7/14Systems for two-way working
    • H04N7/15Conference systems
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L65/00Network arrangements, protocols or services for supporting real-time applications in data packet communication
    • H04L65/40Support for services or applications
    • H04L65/403Arrangements for multi-party communication, e.g. for conferences
    • H04L65/4038Arrangements for multi-party communication, e.g. for conferences with floor control
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L65/00Network arrangements, protocols or services for supporting real-time applications in data packet communication
    • H04L65/40Support for services or applications
    • H04L65/403Arrangements for multi-party communication, e.g. for conferences
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L65/00Network arrangements, protocols or services for supporting real-time applications in data packet communication
    • H04L65/60Network streaming of media packets
    • H04L65/75Media network packet handling
    • H04L65/765Media network packet handling intermediate
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04NPICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N7/00Television systems
    • H04N7/14Systems for two-way working
    • H04N7/15Conference systems
    • H04N7/152Multipoint control units therefor
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L65/00Network arrangements, protocols or services for supporting real-time applications in data packet communication
    • H04L65/60Network streaming of media packets
    • H04L65/70Media network packetisation

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to Internet video technology, and in particular, to a method, device and system for transmitting multimedia data. Background of the invention
  • multimedia data transmission system users or groups of two or more different places transmit multimedia data such as voice, video and file data through transmission lines and multimedia devices to realize instant and interactive communication to realize the conference. purpose.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a conventional multimedia data transmission system.
  • the system includes: a multi-point control unit (MCU) and a user terminal (Client), wherein the MCU communicates with the user terminal by using a dedicated network (dedicated network), and the MCU includes a multi-point controller and A multipoint media processor, the multipoint controller can be a multimedia conference server.
  • the multimedia conference server can provide multiple virtual multimedia conference rooms for the user. The user can select or create a multimedia conference room through the user terminal. After accessing the multimedia conference room, the user can perform other users with the multimedia conference room. The interaction of multimedia data.
  • the multimedia data transmission system it mainly relates to signaling transmission, inter-server system signaling control, and multimedia data transmission.
  • Signaling transmission is applied to the interaction between the multi-point controller and the user terminal.
  • the inter-server system signaling control is applied to the interaction between the multi-point controller and the multimedia processor, and the multimedia data transmission is applied to the multi-point media processor and the user. Interaction between terminals.
  • the multi-point controller interacts with the multi-point media processor through the signaling control between the multi-point controller and the multi-point media processor through the signaling interaction between the client and the multi-point controller.
  • the user is connected
  • the multimedia conference room in the multimedia data transmission system is used to share multimedia data.
  • 2 is a schematic flow chart of a method for transmitting multimedia data based on FIG. 1 . Referring to Figure 2, the process includes the following steps.
  • Step 201 The client sends the multimedia call signaling to the multipoint controller to establish a call connection.
  • the client can access the multimedia data transmission system by means of login or registration. If the login mode is adopted, the multimedia call signaling includes the user number, the user password, and the multimedia conference room identifier. In the manner of applying for registration, the multimedia call signaling may not contain any information.
  • Multimedia conference rooms include: audio conference rooms, video conference rooms, and data conference rooms.
  • the client and the multipoint controller can perform call setup, call processing, call alerting, call connection, and call release through multimedia call signaling.
  • Step 202 The multipoint controller and the multipoint media processor establish an access channel between the user and the multimedia conference room by using inter-server system signaling control.
  • the multi-point controller authenticates the user. After the authentication is passed, the multi-point controller interacts with the multi-point media processor through the inter-server inter-system signaling control to allocate transmission bandwidth to the user. Configuring an input channel and an output channel, obtaining a multimedia conference room corresponding to the multimedia conference room identifier from the multi-point media processor, and establishing an access channel between the user and the multimedia conference room; if the application for registration is adopted, the multi-point controller Obtain a multimedia conference room from the multi-media processor, and display the obtained multimedia conference room to the client, so that the user selects the desired multimedia conference room or creates a new multimedia conference room and registers, after the user is successfully registered, the multi-point controller Allocate transmission bandwidth to users, configure input channels and output channels, and establish access channels between users and the multimedia conference room.
  • the multipoint controller When creating a new multimedia conference room, the multipoint controller creates a mixer for the user, for example, a multi-screen mixer, a mix mixer; adding input channels, adding output channels, and so on.
  • Step 203 The multipoint controller returns a multimedia call signaling response to the client.
  • Step 204 The client accesses the multimedia conference room, encodes the multimedia data, and sends the encoded multimedia data to the multi-media processor.
  • the user determines to share his own multimedia data with other members in the multimedia conference room.
  • the multimedia data may be video data
  • the user collects video image information through the client, and encodes and compresses the video image information.
  • the processed video image information is sent to the multi-point media processor.
  • a real-time transport protocol (RTP, Real-time Transport Protocol) and real-time transport control protocol (RTCP, Real-time) can be used between the multipoint media processor and the client.
  • RTP Real-time Transport Protocol
  • RTCP real-time transport control protocol
  • Step 205 The multipoint media processor receives the multimedia data sent by each client, decodes the multimedia data, and synthesizes each of the decoded multimedia data.
  • each member needs to know the video information of other members in real time, and the multi-media processor decodes the multimedia data sent by each client, and Each of the decoded multimedia data is synthesized to include multimedia data of each client in the synthesized multimedia data.
  • Step 206 The multi-media processor encodes the synthesized multimedia data and sends it to each client for display.
  • the encoded multimedia data is sent to each client in the multimedia conference room by using a broadcast method, and the client receives the encoded multimedia data. After the decompression and decoding operations, the multimedia data is displayed. In this way, the user can know the multimedia data of other users in real time, thereby realizing the sharing of multimedia data between multiple users.
  • the multi-media processor can adopt a packet loss retransmission policy to reduce network packet loss to ensure the reliability of multimedia data transmission. It can be seen from the above that in the existing multimedia data transmission system, the multi-point media processor needs to perform decompression, decoding, compression, encoding and the like on the multimedia data such as the received audio and video code stream. Due to the large number of clients accessed by the multi-media processor, the data processing performance requirements of the multi-media processor are very high, and the cost required for improving the data processing performance of the multi-media processor is increased, thereby increasing the multimedia. The cost of using a data transmission system. Summary of the invention
  • embodiments of the present invention provide a method, apparatus, and system for transmitting multimedia data, thereby reducing the use cost of the multimedia data transmission system.
  • An embodiment of the present invention provides a method for transmitting multimedia data, where the method includes: after accessing a multimedia conference room, the client encodes the multimedia data to be transmitted, and transmits the encoded multimedia data to the multipoint control unit;
  • An embodiment of the present invention provides an apparatus for transmitting multimedia data, where the apparatus includes: an access authentication module, configured to interact with a multipoint control unit, and connect the client to a multimedia conference room;
  • An encoding module configured to encode the multimedia data to be transmitted, and output the encoded multimedia data
  • a multimedia data sending module configured to send the encoded multimedia data
  • a multimedia data packet receiving module configured to receive a multimedia data packet sent by the multipoint control unit, where the multimedia data packet is used by the multipoint control unit Received at the same
  • the multimedia data sent by the client of the media conference room is encapsulated; and the multimedia data packet is output;
  • a decoding module configured to decode the received multimedia data packet, and output the decoded multimedia data
  • a synthesizing module configured to synthesize the decoded multimedia data and display the synthesized multimedia data.
  • An embodiment of the present invention provides an apparatus for transmitting multimedia data, where the apparatus includes: a multimedia data receiving module, configured to receive multimedia data sent by a client located in a same multimedia conference room, and output the multimedia data;
  • a multimedia data packet encapsulating module configured to encapsulate the multimedia data output by the multimedia data receiving module into a multimedia data packet, and output the multimedia data packet
  • a multimedia data packet sending module configured to encapsulate the multimedia data packet The module outputs a multimedia data packet to the client.
  • An embodiment of the present invention provides a system for transmitting multimedia data, where the system includes: a client and a multipoint control unit, where
  • the client is configured to, by interacting with the multi-point control unit, access a multimedia conference room, encode the multimedia data to be transmitted, and send the encoded multimedia data to the multi-point control unit; a multimedia data packet sent by the point control unit, decoding the multimedia data packet, synthesizing the decoded multimedia data, and displaying the synthesized multimedia data;
  • a multi-point control unit configured to interact with the client, and connect the client to the multimedia conference room, and package the received multimedia data sent by the client located in the multimedia conference room into a multimedia data packet. Sending the multimedia data packet to the client located in the multimedia conference room.
  • the method, the device and the system encode the multimedia data to be transmitted, and send the multimedia data to the multipoint control unit; receive the multimedia data packet sent by the multipoint control unit, and the multimedia data packet is sent by the multipoint control unit to each client.
  • the multimedia data is encapsulated; the multimedia data packet is decoded, and the decoded multimedia data is synthesized and displayed.
  • the multi-point control unit simply encapsulates the received multimedia data sent by each client into a multimedia data packet and forwards it, which does not require a large amount of computing, has low requirements on data processing performance, and low cost, thereby reducing multimedia.
  • the multimedia data transmission system only needs to perform encoding, compression, decompression, and decoding processing, and system data, from the process of transmitting multimedia data to receiving, synthesizing, and displaying multimedia data. Processing performance requirements save system resources.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a conventional multimedia data transmission system.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic flow chart of a method for implementing multimedia data transmission based on FIG. 1 .
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a system for transmitting multimedia data according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a client according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a multi-point media processor according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic flowchart diagram of a method for transmitting multimedia data according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic flowchart of a method for transmitting multimedia data according to an embodiment of the present invention. Mode for carrying out the invention
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a system for transmitting multimedia data according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the system includes: at least one client and a multipoint control unit, where The client is configured to join the multimedia data transmission system after being interacted with the multipoint control unit, and encode the multimedia data to the multipoint control unit; receive the multimedia data packet sent by the multipoint control unit, and decode the The decoded multimedia data is synthesized and the synthesized multimedia data is displayed.
  • the detailed process of accessing the multi-media data transmission system by the client through the mutual authentication with the multi-point control unit belongs to the prior art. For details, refer to related technical documents, and details are not described herein again. If the user determines that the multimedia data needs to be shared with the members in the multimedia conference room in the accessed multimedia data transmission system, for example, sharing the video, the video image information is collected by the client, and then encoded, compressed, etc. Send to the multipoint control unit. This process can also be found in the relevant technical literature.
  • the client receives the multimedia data packet sent by the multi-point control unit, decodes, acquires the multi-channel multimedia data sent by the client in the multimedia conference room, synthesizes the acquired multi-channel multimedia data, and displays the synthesized multimedia data to the user.
  • the multi-channel multimedia data received by the client may include multimedia data sent by all the clients in the multimedia conference room.
  • the client directly synthesizes the acquired multi-channel multimedia data, and The synthesized multimedia data is presented to the user.
  • the multimedia data received by the client may also include only the multimedia data sent by the client other than the client in the multimedia conference room, that is, the client does not receive the multimedia data sent by itself.
  • the client first acquires the multimedia data from the local, synthesizes the multimedia data acquired from the local and the received multimedia data, and displays the synthesized multimedia data to the user.
  • the multipoint control unit does not need to send the multimedia data corresponding to the client to the client, thereby avoiding waste of bandwidth and improving the efficiency of multimedia data transmission.
  • the client provided by the embodiment of the present invention avoids that the client only encodes the multimedia data sent by itself in the process of multimedia data transmission, thereby charging Divide the data processing capabilities of the client. Moreover, when the client sends its own multimedia data to the client to display multimedia data corresponding to multiple clients, only one codec process is performed, and the data processing capability of the multimedia data transmission system is also reduced.
  • a multi-point control unit configured to interact with each client, add each client to the multimedia data transmission system, and package the multimedia data sent by the client in the same multimedia conference room as a multimedia data packet to each client Send it.
  • the multipoint control unit can directly encapsulate the multimedia data sent by each client in the same multimedia conference room into one multimedia data packet, and send it to each client.
  • the multipoint control unit may further encapsulate the multimedia data sent by the client other than the destination client in the same multimedia conference room into one multimedia data according to the destination client of the multimedia data packet, and send the multimedia data to the destination client. End, thereby reducing the amount of multimedia data transmitted, avoiding waste of bandwidth, and improving the efficiency of multimedia data transmission.
  • the multipoint control unit after receiving the multimedia data, the multipoint control unit encapsulates the received multimedia data into a multimedia data packet, and does not need to perform decompression, decoding, encoding, and compression processing as compared with the existing multipoint control unit. Therefore, the data processing capability requirement for the multi-point control unit is greatly reduced, the multi-point control unit performance is improved without increasing the cost, and the use cost of the multimedia data transmission system is reduced.
  • the multipoint control unit when performing large-scale networking on the multimedia data transmission system, applying the embodiment of the present invention, the multipoint control unit only performs the transfer processing on the received multimedia data, and has lower performance requirements on the multipoint control unit.
  • the multipoint control unit can implement multiple client networking access.
  • the multi-point control unit cascading can usually achieve the networking access of multiple clients, but the input and output channels are limited by technical complexity. It is very difficult to achieve full channel cascading. It can be seen that, in the embodiment of the present invention, the purpose of connecting multiple clients to the network can be achieved without using the cascading manner, thereby effectively reducing the cost of the multimedia data transmission system networking and reducing the number of multimedia. According to the use cost of the transmission system.
  • the multipoint control unit includes a multipoint controller and a multipoint media processor.
  • the multi-point controller is used to interact with the client to connect the client to the multimedia data transmission system.
  • the structure, function, and interaction process with the client are the same as those in FIG. 1, and details are not described herein again.
  • the multi-media processor is configured to encapsulate the received multimedia data sent by each client into a multimedia data packet and send it to each client.
  • the multimedia data can be transmitted between the multi-point media processor and the client by using RTP or RTCP.
  • the existing multimedia data transmission systems are gradually shifting from high-end dedicated markets to low-end and mid-end markets, that is, from expert video conferencing to mass consumption.
  • the uplink bandwidth requirement is low, and the multimedia data sent by each client needs to be received, and the downlink bandwidth requirement is high.
  • This feature is related to the Internet network. The characteristics are adapted, and thus, the Internet can be used for multimedia data transmission.
  • the system structure system based on Internet transmission has low complexity and low application cost, which is advantageous for mass application.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a client according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the client includes: an access authentication module, an encoding module, a multimedia data sending module, a multimedia data packet receiving module, a decoding module, and a synthesizing module.
  • the access authentication module is configured to interact with the multipoint control unit to access the client to the multimedia data transmission system.
  • the encoding module is configured to encode the multimedia data to be sent by the user, and output the data to the multimedia data sending module.
  • the coding module adopts a layered video codec (SVC, Scaled Video Coding) coding technology, and the coded frame sequence is divided into an internal picture (Intra picture).
  • the multimedia data sending module is configured to send the encoded multimedia data.
  • the multimedia data packet receiving module is configured to receive the multimedia data packet sent by the multipoint control unit, and output the multimedia data packet to the decoding module.
  • the decoding module is configured to decode the received multimedia data packet and output it to the synthesis module.
  • the synthesis module is configured to synthesize the decoded multimedia data and display the synthesized multimedia data; or to synthesize the decoded multimedia data and the locally acquired multimedia data and display the synthesized multimedia data.
  • the existing multimedia data transmission system adopts a packet loss retransmission strategy to solve network packet loss, and indirectly increases the transmission delay of the multimedia data transmission system, thereby reducing the user's business experience. Especially in the scenario of high packet loss and high network burst in the Internet, the packet loss retransmission strategy cannot effectively guarantee the network video quality.
  • the client uses a flexible Forward Error Correction (FEC) policy to encapsulate the multimedia data to be transmitted, so as to solve the technical problem of video transmission loss.
  • FEC Forward Error Correction
  • the packet loss recovery (LPR, Lost Packet Recovery) mechanism in the data FEC method is used, and the client adds redundant data to the multimedia data sent, so that the receiver can detect and correct the error, so that the client does not need to be requested again.
  • the end retransmits the lost information, the ability to correct errors without waiting for the network to retransmit, making FEC ideal for real-time communication. Therefore, the client provided by the embodiment of the present invention further includes:
  • the forward error correction processing module is configured to add redundant data to the multimedia data encoded by the encoding module according to the packet loss recovery mechanism, and package the multimedia data added with the redundant data to the multimedia data sending module.
  • the forward error correction processing module may Different FEC control methods are used depending on the importance of the frame type. For example, an I frame is the most important of the three types of frames. For an I frame, a strong FEC control method can be used to ensure that the receiver can still recover the frame if the packet is lost 40%. The frame is the least important among the three types of frames. For the P frame, the FEC control method may not be used. If the receiving end determines that packet loss occurs, the frame may be directly discarded, so that the sequence of other frames is not affected. In this way, by adopting the differentiated FEC control method, balance can be obtained in packet loss rate, bandwidth, and algorithm complexity.
  • the client provided by the embodiment of the present invention further includes:
  • the multimedia data packet loss rate statistics module measures the packet loss rate of the multimedia data packet received by the multimedia data packet receiving module, and outputs the statistical packet loss rate information to the multipoint control unit.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a multi-point media processor according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the multi-point media processor includes: a multimedia data receiving module, a multimedia data packet encapsulating module, and a multimedia data packet sending module.
  • the multimedia data receiving module is configured to receive multimedia data sent by each client in the same multimedia conference room, and output the multimedia data to the multimedia data packet encapsulation module.
  • the multimedia data packet encapsulating module is configured to encapsulate the multimedia data sent by the received client into a multimedia data packet, and output the multimedia data packet to the multimedia data packet sending module.
  • the multimedia data packet transmitting module is configured to send the received multimedia data packet to each client.
  • the multimedia data packet encapsulating module can directly encapsulate the multimedia data sent by each client into a multimedia data packet, and correspondingly, the multimedia data packet sending module sends the same multimedia data packet to each client; or, the multimedia data packet
  • the encapsulation module can be based on the destination client of the multimedia data package, and the same multimedia conference room in addition to the destination client
  • the multimedia data sent by the client other than the terminal is encapsulated into a multimedia data packet and sent to the multimedia data packet sending module. Accordingly, the multimedia data packet sending module sends the multimedia data packet to the destination client.
  • the multi-point media processor can also employ a technique of dividing the multimedia data stream into a plurality of resolution, quality, and frame rate layers according to the individual needs of each user.
  • the multi-point media processor further includes: a client capability information storage module and a multimedia data filtering module.
  • the client capability information storage module is configured to store capability information of each client.
  • the capability information of the client includes: one of: frame rate information, transmission quality information, protocol adaptation information, and client identifier information for receiving multimedia data. Or any combination thereof.
  • the multimedia data filtering module is configured to process the multimedia data output by the multimedia data receiving module according to the capability information of each client stored by the client capability information storage module, and output the multimedia data to the multimedia data packet encapsulating module.
  • the multimedia data filtering module does not belong to the client identifier information according to the client identifier information set by the client.
  • the multimedia data sent by the client is filtered, and then the filtered multimedia data is sent to the multimedia data packet encapsulating module, and the client identifier corresponding to the client capability information is carried, so that the multimedia data packet encapsulating module is encapsulated and then carried according to the client.
  • the end identifier is sent to the corresponding client, so that the user's personalized needs can be met.
  • the multi-point media processor can also control the multimedia data transmission reliability.
  • the multi-point media processor further includes a transmission reliability processing module, configured to collect statistics sent by the client received by the multimedia data receiving module.
  • the multimedia data is used to calculate the packet loss rate information of each client, and determine the transmission parameter of the client according to the packet loss rate information of the client, and
  • the transmission reliability processing module controls the client that uploads the multimedia data to change the encoding parameter according to the calculated packet loss rate. For example, if the client's packet loss rate exceeds the pre-set packet loss rate threshold of the client, the client may be notified to adopt a smaller resolution and a smaller code rate.
  • the transmission reliability processing module may further receive a multimedia data packet loss rate reported by the client, and if the multimedia data packet loss rate exceeds a preset multimedia data packet loss rate threshold, the P frame in the VP8 SVC coding sequence is used. throw away.
  • the P frame can be discarded because the SVC technology is adopted, and the coding sequence is I, P, SP, P, SP, P, SP, and the P frame depends on the previous I frame or SP frame, importance. Relatively low; the SP frame only depends on the previous I frame, and can be dependent on the P frame, the importance is centered; the I frame is the most important. In this way, if the downlink packet loss rate is too high, the downlink bandwidth is reduced by discarding the P frame during the forwarding process, and dropping the P frame causes the frame rate to be halved, but does not cause a significant decrease in image quality, thereby reducing Packet loss rate of other frames.
  • the transmission reliability processing module can also make a comprehensive decision on the packet loss rate according to the calculated packet loss rate information of the client and the packet loss rate of the multimedia data packet reported by the client.
  • the multipoint control unit after receiving the encoded multimedia data sent by each client, the multipoint control unit simply encapsulates the received multimedia data sent by each client. For a multimedia packet.
  • Each client receives the multimedia data packet sent by the multipoint control unit, performs decoding, synthesizes the decoded multimedia data, and displays the decoded multimedia data.
  • the multipoint control unit performs the forwarding process, requires less data processing performance, does not require a large amount of computation, and is low in cost, thereby reducing the use cost of the multimedia data transmission system. Further, from the process of transmitting multimedia data to receiving, synthesizing and displaying multimedia data, only one encoding, compression, and only one time is required.
  • Decompression and decoding processing also reduce the requirements for system data processing performance and save system resources.
  • the client adopts the SVC coding technology combined with the FEC policy, and adopts a differentiated transmission strategy for transmitting the multimedia data, which not only ensures the transmission quality of the key frame, but also avoids the process of retransmitting the lost multimedia data, thereby effectively saving the bandwidth transmission resource.
  • the packet loss rate statistics are respectively performed by the client and the multi-point control unit, and the transmission strategy can be adjusted according to the network condition in real time, and the transmission robustness of the multimedia data such as video and audio data streams is increased, and the reliability of the transmission is improved.
  • the uplink bandwidth requirement is relatively low, and the uplink bandwidth is usually 80 kps to 300 kbps at 320 ⁇ 240 resolution, and on the downlink, multiple multimedia data needs to be received, for example.
  • the 10-way downlink needs to occupy a bandwidth of 800 kbps to 2000 kps.
  • This network bandwidth requirement feature can fully utilize the common ADSL access currently used in the home, and can run the conference service without applying for a dedicated line, thereby realizing the use of the network bandwidth more effectively.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic flowchart of a method for transmitting multimedia data according to an embodiment of the present invention. See picture
  • the process includes the following steps.
  • Step 601 After accessing the multimedia conference room, the client encodes the multimedia data to be transmitted and sends the multimedia data to the multipoint control unit.
  • the client uses SVC to encode, and the encoded sequence of encoded frames includes:
  • I frame P frame, and SP frame.
  • the method further includes: adding redundant data to the encoded multimedia data according to the packet loss recovery mechanism, and encapsulating the multimedia data to which the redundant data is added.
  • Step 602 Receive a multimedia data packet sent by the multipoint control unit.
  • the multipoint control unit obtains the multimedia data packet by encapsulating the received multimedia data transmitted by at least one client.
  • the multipoint control unit receives the multimedia data sent by at least one client.
  • the received multimedia data is further processed according to the pre-stored client capability information.
  • the client capability information includes: one of frame rate information, transmission quality information, protocol adaptation information, a maximum transmission unit (MTU Maximum Transmission Unit), an initial code rate, and client identification information for receiving multimedia data. Or any combination thereof.
  • the client capability information includes the client identification information of the multimedia data
  • the multimedia data sent by the client not corresponding to the client identification information is filtered according to the client identification information set by the client.
  • Step 603 The client decodes the multimedia data packet, synthesizes the decoded multimedia data, and displays the synthesized multimedia data.
  • the method further includes:
  • Step 604 Count the packet loss rate of the received multimedia data packet, and output the packet loss rate to the multipoint control unit, so that the multipoint control unit adjusts the transmission policy.
  • the multipoint control unit adjusts the transmission strategy according to the packet loss rate of the multimedia data packet reported by the client. For example, if the multimedia packet loss rate exceeds a preset multimedia packet loss rate threshold, the transmission policy is adjusted to discard the P frame in the VP8 SVC coding sequence.
  • the method may further include:
  • the transmission parameter adjustment information is the multimedia data sent by each client received by the multipoint control unit, and the packet loss rate information of each client is calculated separately, and is determined according to the packet loss rate information of the client.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic flowchart of a method for transmitting multimedia data according to an embodiment of the present invention. It mainly involves the client and the multi-media processor. The following describes the functions performed by the client and the multi-media processor in the following description.
  • the multimedia conference room is a room that supports video data.
  • the main functions of the client are summarized as follows:
  • client software there are various forms of the client, for example, PC multi-user video client software, mobile phone multi-user video client software, TV multi-user video client software, and the like.
  • the multi-media processor maintains that each guest media processor receives multiple clients to send.
  • the multimedia data is forwarded according to the destination room list forwarded by the multimedia data, and does not perform any processing on the multimedia data.
  • a large number of CPUs of the multi-media processor can be saved, thereby directly increasing the processing power of a single multi-media processor.
  • the method for transmitting multimedia data includes the following steps.
  • Step 701 The client logs in to the multi-point media processor through the multi-point controller.
  • Step 702 The multipoint media processor returns a login response to the client.
  • Step 703 The multi-media processor queries to obtain a room list.
  • Step 704 The multipoint media processor returns a room list response to the client.
  • Step 705 the client selects a room number to enter according to the room list
  • Step 706 The multipoint media processor returns a room response to the client.
  • Step 707 the multi-media processor query obtains a list of members in the room
  • Step 708 The multipoint media processor returns a member list response in the room to the client. Step 709, the client selects to view;
  • the client sends the viewing request signaling to the multi-point media processor, and the multi-media processor receives the viewing request signaling, and returns a viewing response.
  • Step 710 The client selects a viewing response.
  • Step 711 The client sends the encoded multimedia data to the multi-point media processor.
  • Step 712 The multi-media processor starts to encapsulate the multimedia data packet according to the viewing request and forwards the data packet.
  • Step 713 The client decodes the encapsulated multimedia data packet, acquires multi-channel multimedia data, and displays the synthesized data.
  • Step 714 The multi-media processor collects client packet loss rate information.
  • Step 715 The multi-media processor controls the encoding operation of the client, so that the client performs encoding according to the predetermined encoding information.
  • Step 716 The client feedbacks the packet loss rate information.
  • Step 717 The multipoint media processor selectively discards the P frame in the multimedia data frame.
  • Step 718 The client exits the room.
  • Step 719 the multi-media processor responds to exit the room response.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Two-Way Televisions, Distribution Of Moving Picture Or The Like (AREA)
  • Telephonic Communication Services (AREA)
  • Data Exchanges In Wide-Area Networks (AREA)

Abstract

本发明公开了一种多媒体数据传输的方法、多媒体数据传输装置及系统。该多媒体数据传输的方法包括:将待传输的多媒体数据进行编码,向多点控制单元传输编码后的多媒体数据;接收所述多点控制单元发送的多媒体数据包,所述多媒体数据包由所述多点控制单元将接收到的位于同一多媒体会议室的客户端发送的多媒体数据进行封装得到;解码所述多媒体数据包,将解码得到的多媒体数据进行合成并展示合成后的多媒体数据。

Description

传输多媒体数据的方法、 装置及系统 技术领域
本发明涉及因特网视频技术,特别涉及一种传输多媒体数据的方法、 装置及系统。 发明背景
在多媒体数据传输系统中,两个或两个以上不同地方的用户或群体, 通过传输线路及多媒体设备, 将声音、 影像及文件资料等多媒体数据互 传, 实现即时且互动的沟通, 以实现会议目的。
图 1为现有的多媒体数据传输系统结构示意图。 参见图 1 , 该系统 包括: 多点控制单元 (MCU, Multi-point control unit ) 以及用户终端 ( Client ), 其中, MCU与用户终端采用专用网络(专网)通信, MCU 包括多点控制器和多点媒体处理器, 多点控制器可以是多媒体会议服务 器。 多媒体会议服务器可以提供为用户提供多个虚拟的多媒体会议室, 用户可以通过用户终端选择或者创建一个多媒体会议室, 接入该多媒体 会议室后, 用户可以与接入该多媒体会议室的其他用户进行多媒体数据 的交互。
在多媒体数据传输系统中主要涉及信令传输、 服务器系统间信令控 制以及多媒体数据传输。 信令传输应用于多点控制器与用户终端之间的 交互, 服务器系统间信令控制应用于多点控制器与多媒体处理器之间的 交互, 多媒体数据传输应用于多点媒体处理器与用户终端之间的交互。 在用户需要加入多媒体数据传输系统时, 通过 Client与多点控制器的信 令交互, 多点控制器通过多点控制器与多点媒体处理器之间的信令控制 与多点媒体处理器交互, 根据与多点媒体处理器的交互结果, 将用户接 入多媒体数据传输系统中的多媒体会议室, 进行多媒体数据的共享。 图 2为现有基于图 1传输多媒体数据的方法流程示意图。 参见图 2, 该流程包括以下步骤。
步骤 201 , 客户端向多点控制器发送多媒体呼叫信令, 建立呼叫连 接。
本步骤中, 客户端可以通过登录的方式或申请注册的方式接入多媒 体数据传输系统, 如果采用了登录的方式, 多媒体呼叫信令中包含用户 号码、 用户密码以及多媒体会议室标识等信息, 如果采用了申请注册的 方式, 多媒体呼叫信令中可以不包含任何信息。
多媒体会议室包括: 音频会议室、 视频会议室以及数据会议室。 客户端与多点控制器通过多媒体呼叫信令, 可以进行呼叫建立、 呼 叫处理、 呼叫告警、 呼叫连接以及呼叫释放等流程。
步骤 202, 多点控制器与多点媒体处理器通过服务器系统间信令控 制, 建立用户与该多媒体会议室之间的接入通道;
本步骤中, 如果采用了登录的方式, 多点控制器对用户进行认证, 在认证通过后, 多点控制器通过服务器系统间信令控制与多点媒体处理 器交互, 为用户分配传输带宽, 配置输入通道、 输出通道, 从多点媒体 处理器获取多媒体会议室标识对应的多媒体会议室, 建立用户与该多媒 体会议室之间的接入通道; 如果采用了申请注册的方式, 多点控制器从 多点媒体处理器获取多媒体会议室, 向客户端展示获取的多媒体会议 室, 以便用户选择所需的多媒体会议室或创建新多媒体会议室并进行注 册, 在用户注册成功后, 多点控制器为用户分配传输带宽, 配置输入通 道、 输出通道, 建立用户与该多媒体会议室之间的接入通道。 在创建新 多媒体会议室时, 多点控制器为用户创建混合器, 例如, 多画面混合器、 混音混合器; 添加输入通道、 添加输出通道等。 步骤 203 , 多点控制器向客户端返回多媒体呼叫信令响应。 步骤 204, 客户端接入该多媒体会议室, 将多媒体数据进行编码, 并将编码后的多媒体数据发送给多点媒体处理器。
本步骤中, 用户确定将自己的多媒体数据与多媒体会议室内其他成 员进行分享, 例如, 该多媒体数据可以是视频数据, 则用户通过客户端 采集视频图像信息, 对视频图像信息进行编码、 压缩等处理后, 发送处 理后的视频图像信息至多点媒体处理器。
多点媒体处理器与客户端之间可以使用实时传送协议 ( RTP , Real-time Transport Protocol )和实时传输控制协议 ( RTCP, Real-time
Figure imgf000005_0001
步骤 205 , 多点媒体处理器接收每个客户端发送的多媒体数据, 对 该多媒体数据进行解码, 将解码的每个多媒体数据进行合成。
本步骤中, 在多媒体会议室中, 例如, 在视频会议室中, 每个成员 需要实时了解其他成员的视频信息, 则多点媒体处理器对每个客户端发 送的多媒体数据进行解码, 并将解码的每个多媒体数据进行合成, 以在 合成的多媒体数据中包含每个客户端的多媒体数据。
步骤 206, 多点媒体处理器对合成的多媒体数据进行编码后发送至 每个客户端进行展示。
本步骤中, 多点媒体处理器对合成的多媒体数据进行编码后, 采用 广播的方式, 将编码后的多媒体数据向多媒体会议室内的每个客户端发 送, 客户端接收编码后的多媒体数据, 进行解压缩、 解码操作后, 展示 该多媒体数据。 这样, 用户可以实时获知其他用户的多媒体数据, 从而 实现多用户之间的多媒体数据的共享。
进一步地, 多点媒体处理器可以采用丟包重传的策略来降低网络丟 包, 以保证多媒体数据传输的可靠性。 由上述可见, 在现有的多媒体数据传输系统中, 多点媒体处理器需 要对接收的音视频码流等多媒体数据进行解压、 解码、 压缩、 编码等处 理。 由于多点媒体处理器接入的客户端数量多, 因而, 对多点媒体处理 器的数据处理性能要求非常高, 而提高多点媒体处理器数据处理性能所 需的成本高, 从而增加了多媒体数据传输系统的使用成本。 发明内容
有鉴于此, 本发明实施例提出一种传输多媒体数据的方法, 装置和 系统, 从而降低多媒体数据传输系统的使用成本。
本发明实施例提供了一种传输多媒体数据的方法, 该方法包括: 客户端在接入多媒体会议室后, 将待传输的多媒体数据进行编码, 向多点控制单元传输编码后的多媒体数据;
接收所述多点控制单元发送的多媒体数据包, 所述多媒体数据包由 所述多点控制单元将接收到的位于所述多媒体会议室的客户端发送的 多媒体数据进行封装得到;
解码所述多媒体数据包, 将解码得到的多媒体数据进行合成并展示 合成后的多媒体数据。
本发明实施例提供了一种传输多媒体数据的装置, 该装置包括: 接入认证模块, 用于与多点控制单元进行交互, 将客户端接入多媒 体会议室;
编码模块, 用于将待传输的多媒体数据进行编码, 输出编码后的多 媒体数据;
多媒体数据发送模块, 用于发送所述编码后的多媒体数据; 多媒体数据包接收模块, 用于接收所述多点控制单元发送的多媒体 数据包, 所述多媒体数据包由所述多点控制单元将接收到的位于所述多 媒体会议室的客户端发送的多媒体数据进行封装得到; 输出所述多媒体 数据包;
解码模块, 用于将所述接收的多媒体数据包进行解码, 输出解码得 到的多媒体数据;
合成模块, 用于将所述解码得到的多媒体数据进行合成并展示合成 后的多媒体数据。
本发明实施例提供了一种传输多媒体数据的装置, 该装置包括: 多媒体数据接收模块, 用于接收位于同一多媒体会议室的客户端发 送的多媒体数据, 输出所述多媒体数据;
多媒体数据包封装模块, 用于将所述多媒体数据接收模块输出的所 述多媒体数据封装为一个多媒体数据包, 输出所述多媒体数据包; 多媒体数据包发送模块, 用于将所述多媒体数据包封装模块输出多 媒体数据包向所述客户端发送。
本发明实施例提供了一种传输多媒体数据的系统, 该系统包括: 客 户端以及多点控制单元, 其中,
所述客户端, 用于通过与所述多点控制单元交互, 接入多媒体会议 室, 将待传输的多媒体数据进行编码, 向所述多点控制单元发送编码后 的多媒体数据; 接收所述多点控制单元发送的多媒体数据包, 对所述多 媒体数据包进行解码, 将解码得到的多媒体数据进行合成并展示合成后 的多媒体数据;
多点控制单元, 用于与所述客户端交互, 将所述客户端接入所述多 媒体会议室, 将接收的位于所述多媒体会议室的客户端发送的多媒体数 据封装为一个多媒体数据包, 向位于所述多媒体会议室的所述客户端发 送所述多媒体数据包。
由上述的技术方案可见, 根据本发明实施例提供的传输多媒体数据 的方法、 装置及系统, 将待传输的多媒体数据进行编码, 向多点控制单 元发送; 接收多点控制单元发送的多媒体数据包, 所述多媒体数据包为 多点控制单元接收各客户端发送的多媒体数据进行封装而成; 解码多媒 体数据包, 将解码得到的多媒体数据进行合成并展示。 这样, 多点控制 单元只是筒单地将接收的各客户端发送的多媒体数据封装为一个多媒 体数据包并转发, 不需要大运算量, 对数据处理性能要求较低, 成本低 廉, 从而降低了多媒体数据传输系统的使用成本; 进一步地, 多媒体数 据传输系统从发送多媒体数据至接收、 合成并展示多媒体数据的整个流 程中, 只需进行一次编码、 压缩、 解压、 解码处理, 也降低了对系统数 据处理性能的要求, 节约了系统资源。 附图简要说明
图 1为现有的多媒体数据传输系统结构示意图。
图 2为现有基于图 1实现多媒体数据传输的方法流程示意图。
图 3为本发明实施例中传输多媒体数据的系统结构示意图。
图 4为本发明实施例的客户端结构示意图。
图 5为本发明实施例的多点媒体处理器结构示意图。
图 6为本发明实施例中传输多媒体数据的方法的流程示意图。
图 7为本发明实施例中传输多媒体数据的方法具体流程示意图。 实施本发明的方式
为使本发明的目的、 技术方案和优点更加清楚, 下面将结合附图及 具体实施例对本发明作进一步地详细描述。
图 3为本发明实施例中传输多媒体数据的系统结构示意图。 参见图 3 , 该系统包括: 至少一个客户端以及多点控制单元, 其中, 客户端, 用于在通过与多点控制单元的交互后, 加入多媒体数据传 输系统, 将多媒体数据进行编码后向多点控制单元发送; 接收多点控制 单元发送的多媒体数据包, 进行解码, 将解码的多媒体数据进行合成并 展示合成的多媒体数据。
本发明实施例中, 客户端通过与多点控制单元的交互认证, 接入多 媒体数据传输系统的详细流程属于现有技术, 具体可参见相关技术文 献, 在此不再赘述。 如果用户确定需要将自己的多媒体数据与接入的多 媒体数据传输系统中多媒体会议室内各成员进行分享, 例如, 将视频进 行分享, 则通过客户端采集视频图像信息, 进行编码、 压缩等处理后, 发送至多点控制单元, 这一流程具体也可参见相关技术文献。
客户端接收多点控制单元发送的多媒体数据包, 进行解码, 获取多 媒体会议室中客户端发送的多路多媒体数据, 将获取的多路多媒体数据 进行合成后, 向用户展示合成的多媒体数据。
在本发明实施例中, 该客户端接收的多路多媒体数据中可以包括该 多媒体会议室中所有客户端发送的多媒体数据, 此时, 该客户端直接将 获取的多路多媒体数据进行合成, 并向用户展示合成的多媒体数据。
另外, 该客户端接收的多路多媒体数据中也可以只包括该多媒体会 议室中除了该客户端之外其他客户端发送的多媒体数据, 即该客户端不 接收自身发送的多媒体数据。 此时, 该客户端首先从本地获取多媒体数 据, 将从本地获取的多媒体数据和接收的多媒体数据合成, 并向用户展 示合成的多媒体数据。 这样一来, 多点控制单元无需向该客户端发送该 客户端对应的多媒体数据, 从而避免了带宽的浪费, 提高了多媒体数据 传输的效率。
可见, 应用本发明实施例提供的上述客户端, 避免了在多媒体数据 传输过程中客户端只是对自身发送的多媒体数据进行编码处理, 从而充 分利用客户端的数据处理能力。 并且, 在客户端发送自身的多媒体数据 至该客户端展示与多个客户端对应的多媒体数据, 只需执行一次编解码 处理, 也降低了对多媒体数据传输系统的数据处理能力的要求。
多点控制单元, 用于与每个客户端交互, 将每个客户端加入多媒体 数据传输系统, 将接收的同一多媒体会议室中客户端发送的多媒体数据 封装为一个多媒体数据包, 向每个客户端发送。
在本发明实施例中, 多点控制单元可以直接将同一多媒体会议室中 每个客户端发送的多媒体数据封装为一个多媒体数据包, 向每个客户端 发送。 另外, 多点控制单元还可以根据多媒体数据包的目的客户端, 将 同一多媒体会议室中除了该目的客户端之外的其他客户端发送的多媒 体数据封装为一个多媒体数据, 并发送给该目的客户端, 从而减少传输 的多媒体数据的数量, 避免带宽的浪费, 提高多媒体数据传输的效率。
本发明实施例中, 多点控制单元在接收到多媒体数据后, 将接收的 多媒体数据封装为多媒体数据包, 与现有的多点控制单元相比, 无需执 行解压缩、 解码、 编码以及压缩处理, 从而大大降低了对多点控制单元 的数据处理能力要求, 无需增加成本提高多点控制单元性能, 降低了多 媒体数据传输系统的使用成本。
另外, 在对多媒体数据传输系统进行大规模组网时, 应用本发明实 施例, 多点控制单元仅对接收的多媒体数据进行中转处理, 对多点控制 单元的性能要求较低, 因而, 一台多点控制单元可以实现多个客户端组 网接入。 而现有技术中, 由于受限于单台多点控制单元性能限制, 通常 采用多点控制单元级联的方式才能实现多个客户端的组网接入, 但输 入、 输出通道受限于技术复杂, 做到全通道级联非常困难。 可见, 应用 本发明实施例, 无需采用级联的方式就可以达到将多个客户端组网接入 的目的, 有效降低了多媒体数据传输系统组网的成本, 减少了多媒体数 据传输系统的使用成本。
在本发明实施例中 , 多点控制单元包括多点控制器以及多点媒体处 理器。
其中, 多点控制器用于与客户端交互, 将客户端接入多媒体数据传 输系统。 本发明实施例中, 多点控制器的结构、 功能以及与客户端的交 互流程与图 1相同, 在此不再赘述。
多点媒体处理器用于将接收的各客户端发送的多媒体数据封装为一 个多媒体数据包, 向各客户端发送。 本发明实施例中, 多点媒体处理器 与客户端之间可以使用 RTP或 RTCP传输多媒体数据。
随着视频等多媒体数据会议技术的发展以及应用的推广, 现有的多 媒体数据传输系统, 正逐步从高端专用市场向中低端市场转移, 也就是 由专家视频会议向大众消费转移。 本发明实施例中, 由于客户端只需发 送自身的多媒体数据, 对上行带宽要求较低, 而需要接收各客户端发送 的多媒体数据, 对下行带宽要求较高, 这一特点, 与因特网的网络特性 相适应, 因而, 可以采用因特网进行多媒体数据传输, 这样, 基于因特 网传输的系统结构体系的复杂度低, 应用造价较小, 有利于大规模普及 应用。
图 4为本发明实施例的客户端结构示意图。 参见图 4, 该客户端包 括: 接入认证模块、 编码模块、 多媒体数据发送模块、 多媒体数据包接 收模块、 解码模块以及合成模块。
其中, 接入认证模块用于与多点控制单元进行交互, 将客户端接入 多媒体数据传输系统。
编码模块用于将用户待发送的多媒体数据进行编码后, 输出至多媒 体数据发送模块。本发明实施例中,编码模块采用分层视频编解码( SVC, Scaled Video Coding )编码技术,编码帧序列分为内部画面( Intra picture ) 帧, 即 I 帧、 差别帧, 即 P 帧以及切换预测帧 ( SP , Switching Predictive-frame )等111贞类型。
多媒体数据发送模块用于发送编码后的多媒体数据。
多媒体数据包接收模块用于接收多点控制单元发送的多媒体数据 包, 将该多媒体数据包输出至解码模块。
解码模块用于将接收的多媒体数据包进行解码, 输出至合成模块。 合成模块用于将解码的多媒体数据进行合成并展示合成的多媒体数 据; 或者用于将解码的多媒体数据和从本地获取的多媒体数据进行合成 并展示合成的多媒体数据。
现有的多媒体数据传输系统采用丟包重传的策略来解决网络丟包, 也间接增加了多媒体数据传输系统的传输延时, 降低了用户的业务体 验。 尤其在因特网 (Internet )这种高丟包、 高网络突发的场景下, 采用 丟包重传的策略无法有效保证网络视频质量。
本发明实施例中, 为保证视频流等多媒体数据传输效果, 在客户端 采用灵活的前向错误纠正(FEC, Forward Error Correction )策略封装待 传输的多媒体数据, 以解决视频传输丟包的技术问题。 具体来说, 采用 数据 FEC方法中的包丟失恢复( LPR, Lost Packet Recovery )机制, 由 客户端为发出的多媒体数据添加冗余数据, 使接收方可以侦测并纠正错 误, 从而无须再请求客户端重新传送丟失的信息, 这种无须等待网络重 新传送就能够进行纠错的能力, 使得 FEC非常适合于实时通信。 因此, 本发明实施例提供的客户端进一步包括:
前向错误纠正处理模块, 用于根据包丟失恢复机制, 为编码模块编 码的多媒体数据添加冗余数据, 将添加冗余数据的多媒体数据封装后输 出至多媒体数据发送模块。
本发明实施例中, 在实际传输过程中, 前向错误纠正处理模块可以 根据帧类型不同的重要性, 采用不同的 FEC控制方法。 举例来说, I帧 是三种类型帧中最重要的, 针对 I帧, 可以采用较强的 FEC控制方法, 以保证在丟包 40%的情况下, 接收端仍可以恢复出该帧; P帧在三种类 型帧中是最不重要的, 针对 P帧, 可以不采用 FEC控制方法, 如果接收 端确定发生丟包, 可直接丟弃该帧, 这样, 也不会影响其他帧的序列。 这样, 通过差异化的采用 FEC控制方法, 可以在丟包率、 带宽以及算法 复杂中获取平衡。
进一步地, 本发明实施例提供的客户端还进一步包括:
多媒体数据包丟包率统计模块, 统计多媒体数据包接收模块接收的 多媒体数据包的丟包率, 并将统计得到的丟包率信息输出至多点控制单 元。
图 5为本发明实施例的多点媒体处理器结构示意图。 参见图 5, 该 多点媒体处理器包括: 多媒体数据接收模块、 多媒体数据包封装模块以 及多媒体数据包发送模块。
其中, 多媒体数据接收模块用于接收同一多媒体会议室中每个客户 端发送的多媒体数据, 输出至多媒体数据包封装模块。
多媒体数据包封装模块用于将接收的客户端发送的多媒体数据封装 为一个多媒体数据包, 并将该多媒体数据包输出至多媒体数据包发送模 块。
多媒体数据包发送模块用于将接收的多媒体数据包向每个客户端发 送。
其中, 多媒体数据包封装模块可以直接将每个客户端发送的多媒体 数据封装为一个多媒体数据包, 相应地, 多媒体数据包发送模块向每个 客户端发送相同的多媒体数据包; 或者, 多媒体数据包封装模块可以根 据多媒体数据包的目的客户端, 将同一多媒体会议室中除了该目的客户 端之外的其他客户端发送的多媒体数据封装为一个多媒体数据包 , 并发 送给多媒体数据包发送模块, 相应地, 多媒体数据包发送模块将该多媒 体数据包发送给该目的客户端。
较佳地, 多点媒体处理器还可以根据各用户的个性化需求, 采用将 多媒体数据流分割为多个分辨率、 质量和帧速率层的技术。 此时, 多点 媒体处理器进一步包括: 客户端能力信息存储模块以及多媒体数据过滤 模块。
其中, 客户端能力信息存储模块用于存储每个客户端的能力信息。 本发明实施例中, 能力不同的客户端对传输的要求也有所不同, 客户端 的能力信息包括: 帧速率信息、 传输质量信息、 协议适配信息以及接收 多媒体数据的客户端标识信息等中的一种或其任意组合。
多媒体数据过滤模块用于按照客户端能力信息存储模块存储的每个 客户端的能力信息, 将多媒体数据接收模块输出的多媒体数据进行处理 后, 输出至多媒体数据包封装模块。
本发明实施例中, 举例来说, 如果客户端能力信息包括接收多媒体 数据的客户端标识信息, 则多媒体数据过滤模块根据该客户端设置的客 户端标识信息, 将不属于客户端标识信息对应的客户端发送的多媒体数 据进行过滤, 然后向多媒体数据包封装模块发送过滤后的多媒体数据, 并携带客户端能力信息对应的客户端标识, 以便于多媒体数据包封装模 块进行封装后, 按照携带的客户端标识向相应的客户端发送, 从而可以 满足用户的个性化需求。
较佳地,多点媒体处理器还可以对多媒体数据传输可靠性进行控制, 此时, 多点媒体处理器进一步包括传输可靠性处理模块, 用于统计多媒 体数据接收模块接收的各客户端发送的多媒体数据, 分别计算各客户端 的丟包率信息, 根据客户端的丟包率信息确定该客户端的传输参数, 并 本发明实施例中, 传输可靠性处理模块根据计算得到的丟包率, 控 制上传多媒体数据的该客户端改变编码参数。 例如, 如果该客户端的丟 包率超过预先设置的该客户端的丟包率阈值, 可通知该客户端采用更小 的分辨率以及更小的编码码率。
进一步地, 传输可靠性处理模块还可以接收客户端上报的多媒体数 据包丟包率, 如果多媒体数据包丟包率超过预先设置的多媒体数据包丟 包率阈值, 将 VP8 SVC编码序列中的 P帧丟弃。
本发明实施例中, 可以将 P帧丟弃, 是因为采用了 SVC技术, 编码 序列为 I、 P、 SP、 P、 SP、 P、 SP, P帧依赖之前的 I帧或 SP帧, 重要 性相对较低; SP帧只依赖前面的 I帧, 并可被 P帧依赖, 重要性居中; I 帧最重要。 这样, 如果下行丟包率太高, 则在转发过程中通过丟弃 P 帧来降低下行带宽, 而丟弃 P帧虽然会造成帧率减半, 但不会导致图像 质量的明显降低, 从而降低其他帧的丟包率。
实际应用中, 传输可靠性处理模块也可以根据计算得到的客户端的 丟包率信息以及客户端上报的多媒体数据包丟包率, 对丟包率进行综合 决策。
由上述可见, 本发明实施例的多媒体数据传输系统中, 多点控制单 元在接收到每个客户端发送的编码的多媒体数据后, 只是筒单地将接收 的每个客户端发送的多媒体数据封装为一个多媒体数据包。 每个客户端 接收多点控制单元发送的多媒体数据包, 进行解码, 将解码的多媒体数 据进行合成并展示解码后的多媒体数据。 这样, 多点控制单元执行转发 流程, 对数据处理性能要求较低, 不需要大运算量, 成本低廉, 从而降 低了多媒体数据传输系统的使用成本。 进一步地, 从发送多媒体数据至 接收、合成并展示多媒体数据的整个流程中, 只需进行一次编码、压缩、 解压、 解码处理, 也降低了对系统数据处理性能的要求, 节约了系统资 源。 而且, 客户端采用 SVC编码技术结合 FEC策略, 对待传输多媒体 数据采用差别化传输策略, 不仅保证了关键帧的传输质量, 也避免了重 新传送丟失的多媒体数据的流程, 有效节约了带宽传输资源。 同时, 通 过客户端和多点控制单元分别进行丟包率统计, 可以实时根据网络状况 调整传输策略, 增加了视频、 音频数据流等多媒体数据的传输健壮性, 提高了传输的可靠性。 此外, 对于客户端来说, 由于只传输自身的多媒 体数据, 上行带宽要求相对较低, 通常在 320x240分辨率下, 占用上行 带宽 80kps ~ 300kbps, 而在下行上, 需要接收多路多媒体数据, 例如, 10路下行需占用带宽 800kbps ~ 2000kps, 这种网络带宽需求特性, 能够 充分使用目前家庭用的普通 ADSL接入, 不用申请专线就可以运行会议 业务, 实现筒单, 能更有效利用网络带宽。
图 6为本发明实施例中传输多媒体数据的方法流程示意图。 参见图
6, 该流程包括以下步骤。
步骤 601 , 客户端在接入多媒体会议室后, 将待传输的多媒体数据 进行编码, 向多点控制单元发送。
本步骤中,客户端采用 SVC进行编码,编码得到的编码帧序列包括:
I帧、 P帧以及 SP帧。
较佳地, 在进行编码后, 向多点控制单元发送前, 进一步包括: 根据包丟失恢复机制, 在编码的多媒体数据中添加冗余数据, 将添 加了冗余数据的多媒体数据进行封装。
步骤 602, 接收多点控制单元发送的多媒体数据包。 多点控制单元 通过将接收的至少一个客户端发送的多媒体数据进行封装得到该多媒 体数据包。
本步骤中,多点控制单元接收至少一个客户端发送的多媒体数据后, 进行封装前, 进一步按照预先存储的各客户端能力信息, 将接收的多媒 体数据进行相应处理。
本步骤中, 客户端能力信息包括: 帧速率信息、 传输质量信息、 协 议适配信息、 最大传输单元 ( MTU Maximum Transmission Unit )、 初始 码率以及接收多媒体数据的客户端标识信息等中的一种或其任意组合。 举例来说, 如果客户端能力信息包括接收多媒体数据的客户端标识信 息, 则根据该客户端设置的客户端标识信息, 将不属于客户端标识信息 对应的客户端发送的多媒体数据进行过滤。
步骤 603 , 客户端解码该多媒体数据包, 将解码得到的多媒体数据 进行合成并展示合成的多媒体数据。
在本发明实施例中, 该方法进一步包括:
步骤 604, 统计接收的多媒体数据包的丟包率, 向多点控制单元输 出该丟包率, 以使多点控制单元调节传输策略。
本步骤中, 多点控制单元根据客户端上报的多媒体数据包丟包率调 整传输策略。 例如, 如果多媒体数据包丟包率超过预先设置的多媒体数 据包丟包率阈值, 调节传输策略为将 VP8 SVC编码序列中的 P帧丟弃。
较佳地, 该方法还可以进一步包括:
接收多点控制单元输出的传输参数调整信息, 调整传输多媒体数据 的传输参数。 该传输参数调整信息为多点控制单元统计接收的各客户端 发送的多媒体数据, 分别计算各客户端的丟包率信息, 根据客户端的丟 包率信息确定的。
图 7为本发明实施例中传输多媒体数据的方法具体流程示意图。 主 要涉及客户端以及多点媒体处理器, 下面结合前面的描述, 对客户端以 及多点媒体处理器执行的功能进行筒要概括描述。 在本实施例中, 多媒 体会议室为支持视频数据的房间。 本发明实施例中, 客户端主要功能概括如下:
1、 多媒体数据采集、 编码、 RTP打包发送, 接收 RTP包, 进行解 码显示等;
2、 接收多点媒体处理器下发的控制命令, 并进行反馈, 控制编码; 3、 进行多路多媒体数据的处理, 例如, 显示视频, 将多个画面合成 为一个画面。 客户端接收到的多媒体数据包(音视频码流)是多点媒体 处理器转发下来的, 并将下发的多媒体数据包进行快速组帧, 通过不同 呈现窗口显示, 从而达到合成多画面的效果。
客户端的形态可有多种, 例如, PC多用户视频客户端软件、 移动电 话多用户视频客户端软件、 电视多用户视频客户端软件等。
多点控制单元主要功能概括如下:
1、 客户端注册管理、 连接心跳管理;
2、 房间管理、 创建以及销毁, 客户端进入、 退出管理等;
3、接收来自客户端的多媒体数据,并向同一房间内其他客户端转发, 不执行任何音频视频数据的转换, 也就是说, 多点媒体处理器维护各客 媒体处理器接收到多个客户端发送的多媒体数据, 根据该多媒体数据转 发的目的房间列表,进行相应的转发,并不对多媒体数据进行任何处理。 因而, 可以节省多点媒体处理器的大量 CPU, 从而直接增加了单台多点 媒体处理器的处理能力。
4、 在转发过程中进行丟包率统计、 丟帧处理, 或通知相应客户端改 变编码速率、 分辨率、 帧率等。
参见图 7 , 传输多媒体数据的方法流程包括如下步骤。
步骤 701 , 客户端通过多点控制器登录多点媒体处理器;
步骤 702, 多点媒体处理器向客户端返回登录应答; 步骤 703 , 多点媒体处理器查询获得房间列表;
步骤 704, 多点媒体处理器向客户端返回房间列表应答;
步骤 705 , 客户端根据房间列表, 选择一房间号进入;
步骤 706, 多点媒体处理器向客户端返回进入房间应答;
步骤 707, 多点媒体处理器查询获取该房间内成员列表;
步骤 708, 多点媒体处理器向客户端返回房间内成员列表应答; 步骤 709, 客户端选择观看;
本步骤中, 客户端向多点媒体处理器发送观看请求信令, 多点媒体 处理器接收观看请求信令, 返回观看应答;
步骤 710, 客户端选择观看应答;
步骤 711 , 客户端向多点媒体处理器发送编码的多媒体数据; 步骤 712, 多点媒体处理器按照观看请求开始封装多媒体数据包并 转发;
步骤 713 , 客户端解码封装的多媒体数据包, 获取多路多媒体数据, 合成后进行展示;
步骤 714, 多点媒体处理器统计客户端丟包率信息;
步骤 715 , 多点媒体处理器控制客户端的编码操作, 使客户端根据 预定的编码信息进行编码;
步骤 716, 客户端反馈接收丟包率信息;
步骤 717, 多点媒体处理器选择性丟弃多媒体数据帧中的 P帧; 步骤 718, 客户端退出房间;
步骤 719, 多点媒体处理器响应退出房间应答。
以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已, 并非用于限定本发明的保 护范围。 凡在本发明的精神和原则之内, 所作的任何修改、 等同替换以 及改进等, 均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims

权利要求书
1、 一种传输多媒体数据的方法, 其特征在于, 该方法包括: 客户端在接入多媒体会议室后, 将待传输的多媒体数据进行编码, 向多点控制单元传输编码后的多媒体数据;
接收所述多点控制单元发送的多媒体数据包, 所述多媒体数据包由 所述多点控制单元将接收到的位于所述多媒体会议室的客户端发送的 多媒体数据进行封装得到;
解码所述多媒体数据包, 将解码得到的多媒体数据进行合成并展示 合成后的多媒体数据。
2、 如权利要求 1所述的方法, 其特征在于, 进一步包括: 接收所述多点控制单元输出的传输参数调整信息, 调整传输所述多 媒体数据的传输参数; 所述传输参数调整信息由所述多点控制单元统计 接收到的位于所述多媒体会议室的客户端发送的多媒体数据, 分别计算 各客户端的丟包率信息, 根据所述客户端的丟包率信息确定的。
3、 如权利要求 1或 2所述的方法, 其特征在于, 进一步包括: 所述多点控制单元按照预先存储的各客户端能力信息, 将接收到的 所述多媒体数据进行相应处理。
4、如权利要求 3所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所述客户端能力信息包 括: 帧速率信息、 传输质量信息、 协议适配信息、 最大传输单元、 初始 码率以及接收多媒体数据的客户端标识信息中的一种或其任意组合。
5、如权利要求 1所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所述在将待传输的多媒 体数据进行编码后, 向多点控制单元传输编码后的多媒体数据之前, 进 一步包括:
根据包丟失恢复机制, 为所述编码后的多媒体数据添加冗余数据, 将添加了冗余数据的编码后的多媒体数据进行封装; 所述向多点控制单元传输编码后的多媒体数据包括: 向多点控制单元传输所述封装后的多媒体数据。
6、 如权利要求 1所述的方法, 其特征在于, 进一步包括: 统计接收 的所述多媒体数据包的丟包率, 向所述多点控制单元输出所述丟包率, 以使所述多点控制单元调节传输策略。
7、 一种传输多媒体数据的装置, 其特征在于, 该装置包括: 接入认证模块, 用于与多点控制单元进行交互, 将客户端接入多媒 体会议室;
编码模块, 用于将待传输的多媒体数据进行编码, 输出编码后的多 媒体数据;
多媒体数据发送模块, 用于发送所述编码后的多媒体数据; 多媒体数据包接收模块, 用于接收所述多点控制单元发送的多媒体 数据包, 所述多媒体数据包由所述多点控制单元将接收到的位于所述多 媒体会议室的客户端发送的多媒体数据进行封装得到; 输出所述多媒体 数据包;
解码模块, 用于将所述接收的多媒体数据包进行解码, 输出解码得 到的多媒体数据;
合成模块, 用于将所述解码得到的多媒体数据进行合成并展示合成 后的多媒体数据。
8、 如权利要求 7所述的装置, 其特征在于, 进一步包括: 前向错误纠正处理模块, 用于根据包丟失恢复机制, 为编码模块输 出的编码后的多媒体数据添加冗余数据, 将添加了冗余数据的编码后的 多媒体数据封装, 将所述封装后的多媒体数据输出至所述多媒体数据发 送模块。
9、 如权利要求 7或 8所述的装置, 其特征在于, 进一步包括: 多媒体数据包丟包率统计模块, 用于统计多媒体数据包接收模块接 收的多媒体数据包的丟包率信息, 并将所述丟包率信息输出至所述多点 控制单元。
10、 一种传输多媒体数据的装置, 其特征在于, 该装置包括: 多媒体数据接收模块, 用于接收位于同一多媒体会议室的客户端发 送的多媒体数据, 输出所述多媒体数据;
多媒体数据包封装模块, 用于将所述多媒体数据接收模块输出的所 述多媒体数据封装为一个多媒体数据包, 输出所述多媒体数据包; 多媒体数据包发送模块, 用于将所述多媒体数据包封装模块输出多 媒体数据包向所述客户端发送。
11、 如权利要求 10所述的装置, 其特征在于, 进一步包括: 客户端能力信息存储模块, 用于存储所述客户端的能力信息; 多媒体数据过滤模块, 用于按照所述客户端能力信息存储模块存储 的所述客户端的能力信息, 处理所述多媒体数据接收模块输出的所述多 媒体数据, 将处理后的多媒体数据输出至所述多媒体数据包封装模块。
12、 如权利要求 10或 11所述的装置, 其特征在于, 进一步包括: 传输可靠性处理模块, 用于根据所述多媒体数据接收模块接收的所 述多媒体数据, 分别计算所述客户端的丟包率信息, 根据所述丟包率信 息确定所述客户端的传输参数, 并向所述客户端反馈所述传输参数。
13、如权利要求 12所述的装置, 其特征在于, 所述传输可靠性处理 模块进一步用于接收所述客户端上报的多媒体数据包的丟包率, 调节传 输策略。
14、 一种传输多媒体数据系统, 其特征在于, 该系统包括: 客户端 以及多点控制单元, 其中,
所述客户端, 用于通过与所述多点控制单元交互, 接入多媒体会议 室, 将待传输的多媒体数据进行编码, 向所述多点控制单元发送编码后 的多媒体数据; 接收所述多点控制单元发送的多媒体数据包, 对所述多 媒体数据包进行解码, 将解码得到的多媒体数据进行合成并展示合成后 的多媒体数据;
多点控制单元, 用于与所述客户端交互, 将所述客户端接入所述多 媒体会议室, 将接收的位于所述多媒体会议室的客户端发送的多媒体数 据封装为一个多媒体数据包, 向位于所述多媒体会议室的所述客户端发 送所述多媒体数据包。
15、如权利要求 14所述的系统, 其特征在于, 所述多点控制单元包 括: 多点控制器以及多点媒体处理器, 其中,
多点控制器, 用于与所述客户端交互, 将所述客户端接入所述多媒 体会议室;
多点媒体处理器, 用于将所述接收的位于所述多媒体会议室的客户 端发送的多媒体数据封装为一个多媒体数据包, 向位于所述多媒体会议 室的所述客户端发送所述多媒体数据包。
16、如权利要求 15所述的系统, 其特征在于, 所述多点媒体处理器 包括:
多媒体数据接收模块, 用于接收位于所述多媒体会议室的客户端发 送的多媒体数据, 输出所述多媒体数据;
多媒体数据包封装模块, 用于将所述多媒体数据接收模块输出的所 述多媒体数据封装为一个多媒体数据包, 输出所述多媒体数据包; 多媒体数据包发送模块, 用于将所述多媒体数据包封装模块输出的 多媒体数据包向所述客户端发送。
17、如权利要求 16所述的系统, 其特征在于, 所述多点媒体处理器 进一步包括: 客户端能力信息存储模块 , 用于存储所述客户端的能力信息; 多媒体数据过滤模块, 用于按照所述客户端能力信息存储模块存储 的所述客户端的能力信息, 处理所述多媒体数据接收模块输出的所述多 媒体数据, 将处理后的多媒体数据输出至所述多媒体数据包封装模块。
18、 如权利要求 16或 17所述的系统, 其特征在于, 所述多点媒体 处理器进一步包括:
传输可靠性处理模块, 用于根据所述多媒体数据接收模块接收的所 述多媒体数据, 分别计算所述客户端的丟包率信息, 根据所述客户端的 丟包率信息确定所述客户端的传输参数, 并向所述客户端反馈所述传输 参数。
19、 如权利要求 14所述的系统, 其特征在于, 所述客户端包括: 接入认证模块, 用于与所述多点控制单元进行交互, 将所述客户端 接入所述多媒体会议室;
编码模块, 用于将待传输的多媒体数据进行编码, 输出编码后的多 媒体数据;
多媒体数据发送模块, 用于发送所述编码后的多媒体数据; 多媒体数据包接收模块, 用于接收所述多点控制单元发送的多媒体 数据包, 输出所述多媒体数据包;
解码模块, 用于将所述接收的多媒体数据包进行解码, 输出解码得 到的多媒体数据;
合成模块, 用于将所述解码得到的多媒体数据进行合成并展示合成 后的多媒体数据。
20、如权利要求 19所述的系统, 其特征在于, 所述客户端进一步包 括:
前向错误纠正处理模块, 用于根据包丟失恢复机制, 为编码模块输 出的编码后的多媒体数据添加冗余数据, 将添加了冗余数据的编码后的 多媒体数据封装, 将所述封装后的多媒体数据输出至所述多媒体数据发 送模块。
21、 如权利要求 19或 20所述的系统, 其特征在于, 所述客户端进 一步包括:
多媒体数据包丟包率统计模块, 用于统计多媒体数据包接收模块接 收的多媒体数据包的丟包率信息, 并将所述丟包率信息输出至所述多点 控制单元。
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