WO2013112094A1 - Induction hardening device - Google Patents

Induction hardening device Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2013112094A1
WO2013112094A1 PCT/SE2013/000007 SE2013000007W WO2013112094A1 WO 2013112094 A1 WO2013112094 A1 WO 2013112094A1 SE 2013000007 W SE2013000007 W SE 2013000007W WO 2013112094 A1 WO2013112094 A1 WO 2013112094A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
induction hardening
insulator block
hardening device
different
presents
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/SE2013/000007
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Henrik Karlsson
Walter DATCHARY
Original Assignee
Aktiebolaget Skf (Publ)
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Aktiebolaget Skf (Publ) filed Critical Aktiebolaget Skf (Publ)
Publication of WO2013112094A1 publication Critical patent/WO2013112094A1/en

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
    • C21D1/06—Surface hardening
    • C21D1/09—Surface hardening by direct application of electrical or wave energy; by particle radiation
    • C21D1/10—Surface hardening by direct application of electrical or wave energy; by particle radiation by electric induction
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
    • C21D1/34—Methods of heating
    • C21D1/42—Induction heating
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
    • C21D9/40—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for rings; for bearing races
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
    • Y02P10/25—Process efficiency

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to heat treatment of metal components. More specifically, the invention relates to induction hardening of metallic workpieces.
  • Induction hardening is a heat treatment process in which an area of a steel component is heated in order to increase the hardness.
  • the area of the steel component is heated to the ferrite/austenite transformation temperature or higher by induction heating and then the component is quenched.
  • the quenched steel component undergoes martensitic transformation, increasing the hardness and brittleness of the induction hardened area.
  • Induction hardening may be used to selectively harden areas of a metal component without affecting the properties of the component as a whole.
  • the hardening is performed by an induction hardening machine comprising an induction hardening device.
  • the device comprises an inductor core, e.g. a coil, and an insulator block partly surrounding the core.
  • the insulator block ascertains that the generated magnetic flow from the core is mainly directed towards the component to be hardened and furthermore the block reduces magnetic flows in the other directions.
  • Induction hardening may be used for many different components with different shapes. Due to this, it is necessary to design very specific induction hardening devices for these different components. This may lead to the need to have many different induction hardening devices with different shapes and properties. In the field of bearings, there are numerous shapes and designs, such as different ball bearings with varying sizes and shapes, different roller bearings with varying sizes and shapes. When induction hardening a specific component of a specific bearing type, it is necessary to tailor an induction hardening device for that specific bearing component. When induction hardening several different components or when induction hardening similar components with different hardening specifications, it will lead to the need to design and tailor different induction hardening devices for each specific need.
  • an object of the present invention is to overcome at least one of the drawbacks of the prior art. More specifically, an object is to provide a more flexible induction hardening device. It has namely been found that when induction hardening several different components there was a need to design several different induction hardening devices, which is costly. Furthermore, it may be impractical since this will lead to the build up of a stock of different induction hardening devices.
  • the object is achieved by an induction hardening device for hardening a metallic workpiece, which device comprises at least one inductor core, an insulator block at least partly enclosing the first inductor core such that a magnetic flow generated from the at least one inductor core is directed in a specific direction towards the workpiece.
  • the insulator block is detachably connected to the at least one inductor core. Due to this configuration the induction hardening device will be more flexible, with the possibility to detach an insulator block and replace it with another one having other properties, such as other magnetic properties. In a manufacturing environment, where several different components/workpieces are to be induction hardened, the induction hardening process will be more cost effective. For instance, the time needed for resetting the induction hardening machine when switching to another workpiece will be reduced.
  • the insulator block of the induction hardening device presents at least two different sections with different insulating properties, which will lead to a specific magnetic flow from the inductor core when activated. There is thus a possibility to use a number of insulator blocks with different properties, which will lead to an increased flexibility.
  • the insulator block of the induction hardening device comprises at least two different materials. As previously described, this will lead to a specific magnetic flow from the inductor core when activated, which in turn will increase the flexibility of the device.
  • the two materials present different magnetic properties and/or insulating properties.
  • the insulator block of the induction hardening device has a non-symmetrical geometry around the at least one inductor core. This will result in a specific magnetic flow when the inductor core is activated. By replacing one insulator block with another one having another geometrical shape, the magnetic flow directed towards the workpiece and generated from the core will be different. This will thus increase the flexibility of the induction hardening device.
  • the insulator block of the induction hardening device presents at least two different sections with different heat transfer properties.
  • the insulator block of the induction hardening device presents at least two different sections with different electrical insulating properties.
  • the insulator block of the induction hardening device presents at least one outer peripheral surface, wherein the surface presents a connecting means meant to be to be able to connect to another insulator block of another induction hardening device.
  • This will result in an even more flexible induction hardening device, wherein there is a possibility to connect at least two induction hardening devices and thereby create a specific magnetic flow when activating the devices.
  • One induction hardening device could be regarded as a building block where combining different building blocks will lead to a specific induction hardening assembly being tailored for a specific need.
  • the workpiece to be hardened may be any type of metallic workpiece with any type of shape.
  • the workpiece may be a bearing, or more specifically a rolling bearing.
  • rolling bearings that can be induction hardened are deep groove ball bearings, spherical roller bearings, slewing bearings, cylindrical roller bearings, tapered roller bearings or any other type of bearing.
  • it is possible to tailor a specific induction hardening device for that specific bearing by using a specific insulator block. Then, when switching to another workpiece, the current insulator block may be switched to another one that suits the other workpiece.
  • the insulator block of the induction hardening device is detachably connected to the inductor core by a snap fit connection.
  • the insulator block will thus be rigidly connected to the core and when detaching the block there will be a need to use a certain pulling force. This is one example of a connection between the core and the block. A skilled person would of course recognize other possible connecting means.
  • the induction hardening device comprises at least two inductor cores, wherein the insulator block is detachably connected to the inductor cores.
  • the inductor cores may have several different shapes, such as an elongated straight shape, spiral shape, circular shape, or any other suitable shape.
  • Figure 1 shows an induction hardening device according to the invention.
  • Figure 2 shows an induction hardening device according to the invention, wherein the insulator block has been removed from the core.
  • Figure 3 shows another induction hardening device according to the invention, wherein the insulator block presents two sections.
  • Figure 4 shows another induction hardening device according to the invention, wherein the insulator block presents a non-symmetrical shape.
  • Figure 5 shows another another induction hardening device according to the invention, wherein the insulator block presents an external connecting means.
  • the drawings show diagrammatic exemplifying embodiments of the present invention and are thus not drawn to scale. It shall be understood that the embodiments shown and described are exemplifying and that the invention is not limited to these embodiments. It shall also be noted that some details in the drawings may be exaggerated in order to better describe and illustrate the invention.
  • FIG 1 a cross section of an induction hardening device 1 according to the invention is disclosed.
  • the device 1 is meant to induction harden a surface 21 of a workpiece 2.
  • the workpiece 2 shown is a ring of a rolling bearing.
  • the figure shows an axial cross section of the ring 2.
  • the cross section is a cross section of a plane, wherein the axial rotation axle of the bearing is in the plane.
  • the device 1 comprises an inductor core 3 and an insulator block 4.
  • the insulator block 4 is detachably connected to the inductor core 3. Thus, it is possible to replace the insulator block 4 and replace it with another one without destroying the device 1.
  • Figure 2 illustrates the detachability of the insulator block 4.
  • the insulator block 4 of the device 1 can be detached from the inductor core 3 and
  • FIG 3 another cross section of an induction hardening device 1 of the invention is disclosed.
  • the device 1 comprises an insulator core 3 and an insulator block 4 which is detachably connected to the core 3.
  • the insulator block 4 further presents two sections 6 and 7 with different insulating properties.
  • the sections 6 and 7 may be made of different materials.
  • the sections 6 and 7 are in this illustration more or less equal in size.
  • the sections 6 and 7 may of course be of different sizes and shapes in order to create a specific magnetic flow towards the workpiece to be hardened.
  • the sectoins 6 and 7 present different heat transfer and/or electrical insulating properties.
  • Figure 4 shows another cross section of an induction hardening device 1 according to the invention, wherein the insulator block 4 is detachably connected to the inductor core 3.
  • the insulator block 4 presents a nonsymmetrical shape around the inductor core. Due to this, a certain magnetic flow will be created towards the workpiece to be hardened when the inductor core is activated.
  • Figure 5 shows a cross section of another induction hardening device 1 according to the invention.
  • the device comprises an inductor core 3 and an insulator block 4, wherein the insulator block is detachably connected to the inductor core 3.
  • the insulator block 4 presents a connecting means 8 meant to be able to connect to another induction hardening device.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Induction Heating (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention regards an induction hardening device (1) for hardening a metallic workpiece (2), which device comprises at least one inductor core (3), an insulator block (4) at least partly enclosing the first inductor core (3) such that a magnetic flow (5) generated from the at least one inductor core (3) is directed in a specific direction towards the workpiece (2). Furthermore, the insulator block (4) is detachably connected to the at least one inductor core.

Description

INDUCTION HARDENING DEVICE
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to heat treatment of metal components. More specifically, the invention relates to induction hardening of metallic workpieces.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Induction hardening is a heat treatment process in which an area of a steel component is heated in order to increase the hardness. The area of the steel component is heated to the ferrite/austenite transformation temperature or higher by induction heating and then the component is quenched. The quenched steel component undergoes martensitic transformation, increasing the hardness and brittleness of the induction hardened area. Induction hardening may be used to selectively harden areas of a metal component without affecting the properties of the component as a whole.
The hardening is performed by an induction hardening machine comprising an induction hardening device. The device comprises an inductor core, e.g. a coil, and an insulator block partly surrounding the core. The insulator block ascertains that the generated magnetic flow from the core is mainly directed towards the component to be hardened and furthermore the block reduces magnetic flows in the other directions.
Induction hardening may be used for many different components with different shapes. Due to this, it is necessary to design very specific induction hardening devices for these different components. This may lead to the need to have many different induction hardening devices with different shapes and properties. In the field of bearings, there are numerous shapes and designs, such as different ball bearings with varying sizes and shapes, different roller bearings with varying sizes and shapes. When induction hardening a specific component of a specific bearing type, it is necessary to tailor an induction hardening device for that specific bearing component. When induction hardening several different components or when induction hardening similar components with different hardening specifications, it will lead to the need to design and tailor different induction hardening devices for each specific need.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
Thus, an object of the present invention is to overcome at least one of the drawbacks of the prior art. More specifically, an object is to provide a more flexible induction hardening device. It has namely been found that when induction hardening several different components there was a need to design several different induction hardening devices, which is costly. Furthermore, it may be impractical since this will lead to the build up of a stock of different induction hardening devices. The object is achieved by an induction hardening device for hardening a metallic workpiece, which device comprises at least one inductor core, an insulator block at least partly enclosing the first inductor core such that a magnetic flow generated from the at least one inductor core is directed in a specific direction towards the workpiece. Furthermore, the insulator block is detachably connected to the at least one inductor core. Due to this configuration the induction hardening device will be more flexible, with the possibility to detach an insulator block and replace it with another one having other properties, such as other magnetic properties. In a manufacturing environment, where several different components/workpieces are to be induction hardened, the induction hardening process will be more cost effective. For instance, the time needed for resetting the induction hardening machine when switching to another workpiece will be reduced.
In an embodiment of the invention, the insulator block of the induction hardening device presents at least two different sections with different insulating properties, which will lead to a specific magnetic flow from the inductor core when activated. There is thus a possibility to use a number of insulator blocks with different properties, which will lead to an increased flexibility. In a further embodiment of the invention, the insulator block of the induction hardening device comprises at least two different materials. As previously described, this will lead to a specific magnetic flow from the inductor core when activated, which in turn will increase the flexibility of the device. In an
embodiment, the two materials present different magnetic properties and/or insulating properties.
In an embodiment of the invention, the insulator block of the induction hardening device has a non-symmetrical geometry around the at least one inductor core. This will result in a specific magnetic flow when the inductor core is activated. By replacing one insulator block with another one having another geometrical shape, the magnetic flow directed towards the workpiece and generated from the core will be different. This will thus increase the flexibility of the induction hardening device.
In an embodiment of the invention, the insulator block of the induction hardening device presents at least two different sections with different heat transfer properties.
In an embodiment of the invention, the insulator block of the induction hardening device presents at least two different sections with different electrical insulating properties.
In an embodiment of the invention, the insulator block of the induction hardening device presents at least one outer peripheral surface, wherein the surface presents a connecting means meant to be to be able to connect to another insulator block of another induction hardening device. This will result in an even more flexible induction hardening device, wherein there is a possibility to connect at least two induction hardening devices and thereby create a specific magnetic flow when activating the devices. One induction hardening device could be regarded as a building block where combining different building blocks will lead to a specific induction hardening assembly being tailored for a specific need.
The workpiece to be hardened may be any type of metallic workpiece with any type of shape. For instance, the workpiece may be a bearing, or more specifically a rolling bearing. Examples of rolling bearings that can be induction hardened are deep groove ball bearings, spherical roller bearings, slewing bearings, cylindrical roller bearings, tapered roller bearings or any other type of bearing. Depending on which type and size of rolling bearing that is going to be induction hardened, it is possible to tailor a specific induction hardening device for that specific bearing, by using a specific insulator block. Then, when switching to another workpiece, the current insulator block may be switched to another one that suits the other workpiece.
In an embodiment of the invention, the insulator block of the induction hardening device is detachably connected to the inductor core by a snap fit connection.
Thereby, it will be easier to connect and replace the insulator block. The insulator block will thus be rigidly connected to the core and when detaching the block there will be a need to use a certain pulling force. This is one example of a connection between the core and the block. A skilled person would of course recognize other possible connecting means.
In an embodiment of the invention, the induction hardening device comprises at least two inductor cores, wherein the insulator block is detachably connected to the inductor cores. The inductor cores may have several different shapes, such as an elongated straight shape, spiral shape, circular shape, or any other suitable shape.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
Exemplifying embodiments of the present invention will now be described in more detail, with reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein:
Figure 1 shows an induction hardening device according to the invention.
Figure 2 shows an induction hardening device according to the invention, wherein the insulator block has been removed from the core.
Figure 3 shows another induction hardening device according to the invention, wherein the insulator block presents two sections. Figure 4 shows another induction hardening device according to the invention, wherein the insulator block presents a non-symmetrical shape.
Figure 5 shows another another induction hardening device according to the invention, wherein the insulator block presents an external connecting means. The drawings show diagrammatic exemplifying embodiments of the present invention and are thus not drawn to scale. It shall be understood that the embodiments shown and described are exemplifying and that the invention is not limited to these embodiments. It shall also be noted that some details in the drawings may be exaggerated in order to better describe and illustrate the invention.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
In figure 1 , a cross section of an induction hardening device 1 according to the invention is disclosed. The device 1 is meant to induction harden a surface 21 of a workpiece 2. In this figure, the workpiece 2 shown is a ring of a rolling bearing. The figure shows an axial cross section of the ring 2. The cross section is a cross section of a plane, wherein the axial rotation axle of the bearing is in the plane. The device 1 comprises an inductor core 3 and an insulator block 4. When the device 1 is activated, i.e. when an electrical current is applied to the core 3, a magnetic field 5 is created that will heat up the workpiece surface 21 and thereby harden the component. The insulator block 4 is detachably connected to the inductor core 3. Thus, it is possible to replace the insulator block 4 and replace it with another one without destroying the device 1.
Figure 2 illustrates the detachability of the insulator block 4. Thus, the insulator block 4 of the device 1 can be detached from the inductor core 3 and
subsequently attached to the inductor core 3, as illustrated by the two arrows in the figure. It is also possible, as previously described, to remove the current insulator block 4 and replace it with another one with other properties. In figure 3, another cross section of an induction hardening device 1 of the invention is disclosed. The device 1 comprises an insulator core 3 and an insulator block 4 which is detachably connected to the core 3. The insulator block 4 further presents two sections 6 and 7 with different insulating properties. For instance, the sections 6 and 7 may be made of different materials. The sections 6 and 7 are in this illustration more or less equal in size. However, the sections 6 and 7 may of course be of different sizes and shapes in order to create a specific magnetic flow towards the workpiece to be hardened. In another embodiment, the sectoins 6 and 7 present different heat transfer and/or electrical insulating properties.
Figure 4 shows another cross section of an induction hardening device 1 according to the invention, wherein the insulator block 4 is detachably connected to the inductor core 3. In this illustration, the insulator block 4 presents a nonsymmetrical shape around the inductor core. Due to this, a certain magnetic flow will be created towards the workpiece to be hardened when the inductor core is activated.
Figure 5 shows a cross section of another induction hardening device 1 according to the invention. The device comprises an inductor core 3 and an insulator block 4, wherein the insulator block is detachably connected to the inductor core 3. Furthermore, the insulator block 4 presents a connecting means 8 meant to be able to connect to another induction hardening device. Thereby, it will be possible to build an induction hardening assembly comprising at least two building blocks, i.e. at least two induction hardening devices 1. This will lead to an even more flexible solution.

Claims

1. Induction hardening device (1) for hardening a metallic workpiece (2), comprising,
- at least one inductor core (3),
- an insulator block (4) at least partly enclosing the first inductor core (3) such that a magnetic flow (5) generated from the at least one inductor core (3) is directed in a specific direction towards the workpiece (2),
characterized in that,
- the insulator block (4) is detachably connected to the at least one inductor core (3).
2. Induction hardening device (1) according claim 1 ,
- werein the insulator block (4) presents at least two different sections (6, 7) with different insulating properties.
3. Induction hardening device (1) according to any of the preceding claims,
- wherein the insulator block (4) comprises at least two different materials.
4. Induction hardening device (1) according to claim 3,
- wherein the two materials present different magnetic properties and/or insulating properties.
5. Induction hardening device (1) according any of the preceding claims,
- wherein the insulator block (4) presents a non-symmetrical geometry around the at least one insulator core (3).
6. Induction hardening device (1) according any of the preceding claims,
- werein the insulator block (4) presents at least two different sections (6, 7) with different heat transfer properties.
7. Induction hardening device according any of the preceding claims,
- werein the insulator block (4) presents at least two different sections (6, 7) with different electrical insulating properties.
8. Induction hardening device (1) according to any of the preceding claims, - wherein the insulator block (4) presents at least one outer peripheral surface, wherein the surface presents a connecting means (8) meant to be be able to connect to another insulator block of another induction hardening device.
9. Induction hardening device according to any of the preceding claims,
- wherein the insulator block (4) is detachably connected by a snap fit connection.
PCT/SE2013/000007 2012-01-26 2013-01-18 Induction hardening device WO2013112094A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SE1200055 2012-01-26
SE1200055-0 2012-01-26

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2013112094A1 true WO2013112094A1 (en) 2013-08-01

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Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS62124217A (en) * 1985-11-22 1987-06-05 Fuji Electric Co Ltd Induction heating coil
JPH04154908A (en) * 1990-10-15 1992-05-27 Denki Kogyo Co Ltd Coil automatic exchanging device for high-frequency quenching apparatus
JP2000096147A (en) * 1998-09-22 2000-04-04 Nsk Ltd Tempering correcting device for ring part
WO2002024965A1 (en) * 2000-09-19 2002-03-28 Bilz Werkzeugfabrik Gmbh & Co. Kg Device for inductively heating workpieces
JP2005307308A (en) * 2004-04-23 2005-11-04 Ntn Corp High frequency heat-treatment method for annular product and apparatus therefor
JP2010027216A (en) * 2008-07-15 2010-02-04 Denki Kogyo Co Ltd Mounting structure of high-frequency induction heating coil body
CN202063956U (en) * 2011-04-25 2011-12-07 大连联合风电轴承有限公司 Novel intermediate hardening inductor

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS62124217A (en) * 1985-11-22 1987-06-05 Fuji Electric Co Ltd Induction heating coil
JPH04154908A (en) * 1990-10-15 1992-05-27 Denki Kogyo Co Ltd Coil automatic exchanging device for high-frequency quenching apparatus
JP2000096147A (en) * 1998-09-22 2000-04-04 Nsk Ltd Tempering correcting device for ring part
WO2002024965A1 (en) * 2000-09-19 2002-03-28 Bilz Werkzeugfabrik Gmbh & Co. Kg Device for inductively heating workpieces
JP2005307308A (en) * 2004-04-23 2005-11-04 Ntn Corp High frequency heat-treatment method for annular product and apparatus therefor
JP2010027216A (en) * 2008-07-15 2010-02-04 Denki Kogyo Co Ltd Mounting structure of high-frequency induction heating coil body
CN202063956U (en) * 2011-04-25 2011-12-07 大连联合风电轴承有限公司 Novel intermediate hardening inductor

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