JP2000096147A - Tempering correcting device for ring part - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a tempering correcting device for ring parts with a simple structure capable of correcting the deformation of ring parts of a plurality of inside diameters in more concrete consideration of mass-production. SOLUTION: Four block members 5 are radiately expanded, and the inside diameters of ring parts 7 are restrained. The movement in the upper and lower directions of the working part 3 driven by a cylinder device 1 is transformed into the horizontal direction by a guide groove 3a, a slider 4 and a guide member 10, and the four block members 5 are radiately expanded and reduced with synchronism. The slider 4 and the block members 5 are fixed by bolt joining, and the block members 5 are freely attachable and detachable.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a tempering correction process for a ring component such as a bearing component for correcting a deformation caused by quenching to correct the roundness of the ring component. It concerns the device.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In manufacturing ring components such as inner and outer races of rolling bearings, cages and other rolling components, conventionally, deformation caused by quenching during heat treatment has been corrected by tempering.

[0003] In the conventional tempering straightening, usually, a deformation of a target ring component is subjected to a reverse tension deformation using an appropriate jig, and then the tempering furnace is heated to a predetermined temperature at a temperature of 60 to 1 mm.
Deformation is corrected by holding for about 20 minutes, or the parts are pre-pressed with a mold or the like before tempering, and then held in a tempering furnace at that temperature for about 60 to 120 minutes. To make corrections.

However, the conventional tempering correction method has various problems because the processing time for correcting the deformation of the ring component becomes very long. In view of this,
The present applicant has proposed a correction method described in International Publication No. WO 96/06194.

[0005] This is composed of a die for restraining the outer diameter of the ring component, a high-frequency induction coil arranged in close proximity, and a press-fitting jig for inserting the ring component into the die, and the ring component is pressed into the die. By heating in this state by high-frequency induction heating, the correction is performed in an extremely short time (in seconds), thereby solving the above problems.

In order to restrain the inner diameter of the ring component during the correction, for example, a collet mold is inserted into the inner surface of the ring component, and the collet is press-fitted coaxially inside the collet mold. There is a method of expanding and constraining.

[0007]

The above international publication number WO
The straightening method using the outer diameter restraint described in Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 96/06194, although the processing time can be extremely short as described above and has various usefulness, since the outer diameter of the ring component is restrained, In the case of correcting a large ring part whose outer diameter exceeds 150 mm, the apparatus is enlarged accordingly, or the mold is enlarged to fit the outer diameter of the ring part, and the production of the mold becomes difficult. There is a problem that it becomes difficult or the mold becomes very expensive.

Moreover, it is necessary to replace the mold itself in accordance with the outer diameter of the target ring component. Further, in the method of restraining the inner diameter of the ring component using the above collet type, the specific opening / closing mechanism of the collet type and the like are unclear, and even if the inner diameter of the ring component is expanded by heating, the constrained state is not obtained. It is also unclear whether this will be secured. Further, it is necessary to prepare a plurality of collet types and collets according to the inner diameter of the ring component.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of the above-described problems. More specifically, the present invention aims at correcting deformation of a ring component having a plurality of inner diameters with a simple structure in consideration of mass production. It is an object of the present invention to provide a device for tempering and correcting a ring component that can be used.

[0010]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention is an apparatus for performing tempering correction on a ring component such as a rolling component after heat treatment, wherein the inner diameter restricts the inner diameter of the ring component. A constraining device, and a high-frequency induction heating device for heating the ring component, wherein the inner diameter constraining device is arranged along the inner diameter surface on the inner diameter side of the ring component and three or more constraining the inner diameter of the ring component. A top member and an actuator whose operating portion moves back and forth in the axial direction of the ring component;
A conversion mechanism that is connected to the operating portion of the actuator, converts the axial movement of the operating portion into a radial movement of the ring component, and synchronously moves the plurality of top members in the radial direction. The present invention provides a tempering correction device for a ring component, wherein the conversion mechanism and the plurality of top members are detachably connected to each other.

Here, as the actuator, a hydraulic or pneumatic cylinder device is preferable. When a cylinder device is used, not only can a large load be generated, but also when the ring component is constrained, the top member is constantly urged in the radially expanding direction via the conversion mechanism by an urging force such as hydraulic pressure. Even if the ring component expands in diameter due to thermal expansion during the restraint, the top member also moves radially outward following the expansion to reliably restrain the ring component in a perfect circular state.

The conversion mechanism may be, for example, a slider mechanism or a link mechanism. According to the present invention, the processing time for deformation correction is shortened by heating with the high-frequency induction heating device, and the device becomes compact compared to the outer diameter constraint method by employing the inner diameter constraint method.

[0013] Further, the axial movement of the ring component of the operating part in the axial direction is converted into the radial movement of the ring component, and the inner diameter of the ring component is restrained and released by a plurality of top members, thereby achieving mass production. Excellent structure.

Further, since the inner diameter of the ring component is constrained by three or more divided top members, the cost of the top member is not so high even for a ring component having a large inner diameter.

In addition, by forming the portion abutting on the inner diameter of the ring component by a plurality of separated top members in a multi-divided state, the amount of diameter expansion of the top member can be set to be large, and a set of top members can be used. The range of inner diameter dimensions of the ring component is wide. In particular, the larger the number of top members arranged in the inner diameter direction of the ring component, the wider the range of the inner diameter dimensions of the ring component that can be handled.

Further, since the top member is detachably attached to the conversion mechanism, it is possible to cope with ring components having various inner diameters by replacing the top member. That is, since only the top member portion of the ring component restraining device needs to be replaced according to the inner diameter of the ring component,
This is advantageous in cost.

[0017]

Next, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of a tempering correction device for a ring component according to the present embodiment.

In FIG. 1, reference numeral 1 denotes a hydraulic cylinder device as an actuator, and its piston 1a is moved vertically (in the axial direction of a ring component to be corrected) by hydraulic pressure supplied to an upper chamber 1b and a lower chamber 1c. They are going to retreat. Reference numeral 2 represents an oil pipe, reference numeral 2a is an oil supply oil passage to the chambers 1b and 1c of the cylinder, and a groove is provided on the circumference. The oil pipe denoted by reference numeral 2 is fixed to secure an oil passage through which oil can be supplied even when the hydraulic cylinder device 1 rotates.

A piston rod 1d extends upward from the piston 1a, and a column-shaped operating portion 3 having a vertical axis is fixed to the tip of the piston rod 1d. As shown in the plan view of FIG.
Four T-shaped guide grooves 3a in plan view are formed at equal intervals along the circumferential direction. As shown in FIG. 3, each guide groove 3a is inclined in a direction approaching the central axis as it goes downward.

The inner ends of the slider 4 are engaged with the four guide grooves 3a. That is, each slider 4 has a T-shaped engaging portion 4a in plan view that engages with the guide groove 3a, and the engaging portion 4a has an inclination substantially equal to the inclination angle of the guide groove 3a. . As a result, the slider 4
By being guided by the guide groove 3a of the operating portion 3, relatively
Displaces horizontally as it moves up and down.

The lower portion of each slider 4 is restricted by a groove of a guide member 10 fixed to the upper portion of the cylinder device 1 and is movable only horizontally and radially (see FIG. 1). Each groove of the guide member 10 extends in the radial direction.

As a result, when the operating portion 3 moves up and down in the vertical direction, the plurality of sliders 4 move radially radially in synchronization with each other. In the present embodiment, when the operating section 3 moves downward, the sliders 4 are opened radially synchronously by an amount proportional to the amount of movement. However, when the direction of inclination of the guide groove 3a and the engaging portion 4a is inclined outward, the operating portion 3 moves upward, so that each slider 4 opens radially. Note that a conversion mechanism is constituted by the guide groove 3a, the slider 4, and the guide member 10 of the operating section 3.

On the upper surface of each slider 4, a top member 5 is detachably fixed by a bolt.
Each of the four top members 5 is an arc-shaped member in plan view having the same shape as a column divided into four, and as shown in FIG. As a whole, the contour is close to a perfect circle.

The outer periphery of the upper end of the top member 5 is cut off concentrically, and a heat insulating material 6 is installed in the notch 5a.
It can be abutted on the inner diameter.

Here, by adjusting the size of the top member 5 and the notch 5a, the ring component 7 can be placed on the notch 5a. Thereby, the top member 5 also has a role of a table on which the ring component 7 is placed during the correction process.

The cylinder device 1, the operating portion 3, the slider 4, the top member 5, and the guide member constitute an inner diameter restricting device. A high-frequency induction heating coil 8 is arranged radially outward of the ring component 7, and the high-frequency induction heating coil 8 performs induction heating on the ring component 7 by a current supplied from a power supply 13.

Here, the high-frequency induction heating coil 8 and the power supply 13 constitute a high-frequency induction heating device.
Preferably, each of the top members 5 is made of a non-magnetic material so that only the ring component 7 can be heated by high-frequency induction heating. As the material, for example, a ceramic material (such as Si ₃ N ₄ or Al ₂ O ₃ ) or an austenitic stainless steel (such as SUS304) can be used.

Further, the reason why the heat insulating material 6 is disposed between the ring component 7 and the inner diameter mold is to further reduce the loss due to heat conduction so that the ring component 7 can be efficiently heated. Further, the heat insulating material 6 also has a role of a cushioning material,
Stress concentration caused by the arc-shaped end of the top member 5 directly hitting the link component is reduced.

Next, the operation of the above device will be described. In the tempering correction device having the above-described configuration, the upper ends of the plurality of top members 5 are relatively loosely inserted into the inner diameter side of the target ring component 7 and the coil 8 is disposed on the outer periphery thereof. 2, a predetermined amount of hydraulic oil (oil pressure) is supplied to the upper chamber 1 b of the cylinder device 1.

Then, the piston 1a, that is, the operating portion 3
Moves downward, and the four sliders 4 move radially and concentrically radially outward in synchronization with the movement of the operating portion 3. Thereby, the outer peripheral portion of the upper end portion of each top member 5 is pressed against the inner diameter surface of the ring component 7 via the heat insulating material 6.

The outer surface of each of the four top members 5 has a perfect circular contour as a whole. Therefore, when the four top members 5 spread radially in synchronization with each other, the ring becomes elliptical due to heat treatment deformation. The part 7 is expanded and corrected to a state close to a perfect circle by elastic deformation. Since the ring component 7 is expanded within the elastic range, when the diameter of the top member 5 is reduced, the expanded ring component 7 returns to the original elliptical state.

Subsequently, by passing an electric current through the high-frequency induction heating coil 8 to induction heat the ring component 7, tempering correction is performed in a short time. That is, by setting the ring component 7 and performing induction heating, the ring component 7 is corrected to a shape close to a perfect circle in a short time.

At this time, the ring component 7 thermally expands due to heating, and the restraint by the top member 5 is loosened in the initial restraint position. In this apparatus, however, the top member 5 is always moved in the outer diameter direction by hydraulic pressure. Since the top member 5 is urged and can move in the outer diameter direction, when the ring component 7 expands, the top member 5 also expands in the outer diameter direction following the expansion.
The inner diameter of the ring component 7 can be restricted to a perfect circle or a shape close to a perfect circle with a substantially constant pressure until the end of the tempering correction.

Next, when the correction is completed, a hydraulic fluid (oil pressure) is supplied to the lower chamber 1c through the oil pipe 2 to
a, that is, the operating portion 3 is raised to reduce the diameter of the top member 5, and the ring component 7 is sent to the next step.

As described above, in the apparatus according to the present embodiment, the tempering processing time can be reduced by employing the high-frequency induction heating method. Moreover, since the inner diameter of the ring component 7 is constrained and the top member 5 supports the ring component 7 even when the top member 5 is not constraining the ring component 7, a separate support stand is not required. Become

In addition, restraining the ring component 7 from the inner diameter not only makes it possible to reduce the size of the restrained portion (the top member 5 of the present embodiment) than in the case of restraining the outer diameter. In the embodiment, since the top member 5 is constrained by a plurality of independent top members 5, the top member 5 can be easily formed, and can be easily applied to the large ring component 7.

Further, since the top member 5 is movable in the outer diameter direction and is urged in the outer diameter direction, even if the inner diameter of the ring component 7 is increased by heating, the top member 5 follows. The diameter of the ring member 5 is radially expanded, and the ring component 7 is reliably held in a perfect circular state.

Since the top member 5 is fixed to each slider 4 with bolts, the top member 5 may be replaced according to the dimensions of the ring component 7. In other words, even if the inner diameter of the target ring component 7 changes, it can be dealt with by replacing only the top member 5, so that the structure is advantageous in cost.

Further, the higher the frequency of the high-frequency induction heating, the more efficient the heating. However, if the frequency is too high, the heating is too rapid, and the unevenness of the heating near the surface and at the core increases, resulting in a large unevenness of the hardness. Will be. vice versa,
If the frequency is too low, the efficiency is poor. From this viewpoint, it is desirable to set the frequency in the range of 200 Hz to 10 kHz.

In the above embodiment, an example in which the slider 4 mechanism is used as the conversion mechanism has been described, but the mechanism for converting the vertical movement to the horizontal movement is not limited to this. For example, a link mechanism as shown in FIGS. 5 and 6 may be employed.

In the link mechanism shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, the operating portion 3 and each slider 4 are connected by an L-shaped link 11 (only one slider is shown in the drawings).
The center of the link 11 of the mold is used as a fulcrum A, and the position of the fulcrum A is rotatably supported up and down. FIG.
FIG. 6 shows an example in which the operating part 3 and the slider 4 are connected to the link 11 by pins, and FIG. 6 shows an example in which the operating part 3 and the slider 4 are connected to the link 11 by loose fitting.

When these link mechanisms are employed,
When the operating portion 3 moves upward, the slider 4 moves outward in the radial direction substantially horizontally by an amount proportional to the link ratio.
Further, in the above embodiment, the example in which the cylinder device 1 is employed as the actuator is described, but the invention is not limited to the cylinder device 1. A servo motor or the like may be used.
The point is that the operating part 3 only needs to move up and down by a predetermined amount (in the axial direction of the link component).

In order to correct the ring component 7 with the shaft up and down, the movement of the operating part 3 is set up and down. For example, when the ring component 7 is installed horizontally with the shaft. The movement of the operating section 3 is set in the horizontal direction.

In the above embodiment, the top member 5 is
Although the individual parts are used (by dividing the cylinder into four parts) so that the contour of the outer periphery becomes a perfect circle as a whole, the invention is not limited to this. The number of top members may be three, or may be five or more. In short, it is only necessary that the contour of the portion facing the inner diameter of the ring component in the outer peripheral surface formed by the plurality of top members as a whole be a perfect circle.

The number of sliders 4 is set equal to the number of top members. In addition, the outer peripheral shape of the portion of the top member 5 that does not contact the inner diameter surface of the ring component 7 does not need to be arc-shaped.

Next, mass production equipment to which the above-mentioned tempering straightening device is applied will be described. FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the mass production equipment. Reference numerals 20 and 21 denote belt conveyors disposed before and after the tempering straightening device, and include ring components 7.
This is a transfer device for supplying and unloading.

Reference numeral 22 denotes an arm of the robot, which grips the ring component 7 and transports it on the tempering correction device, or transfers the ring component 7 from the inner diameter restraining device to the conveyor 2.
1 for transport.

Reference numeral 23 denotes a hydraulic or pneumatic cylinder device for raising and lowering the inner diameter restraining device. The oil pipe 2 is provided inside a piston rod 23a. The induction heating coil 8 for heating is installed above the inner diameter restraining device.

In this facility, the robot arm 22 sequentially grips the ring components 7 carried by the conveyor 20, and moves the ring components 7 above the inner diameter restraining device (see FIG. 7A). Next, the cylinder device 23 is driven to raise the inner diameter restricting device, and the ring component 7 is placed and supported on the notch 5a on the outer periphery of the top member 5 (FIG. 7).
(B)).

Next, as described above, the top member 5 is radially expanded to restrain the ring component 7, and the cylinder
To move the inner diameter restraint device further upward, and lift it so that the ring component 7 comes into the coil 8 (FIG. 7).
(C)).

While the lifted inner diameter restraining device rotates, a high-frequency current flows through the coil 8 to start heating, so that the ring component 7 is uniformly heated. Here, the temperature is controlled by the radiation thermometer 23, and when the heating by the predetermined heating parameter is completed, the piston rod 23a is lowered, and then the constraint by the top member 5 is released, and the robot arm 22 is again turned into a ring component. 7 and is carried out to the downstream belt conveyor 7 (see FIG. 7D).

As described above, by using the apparatus of the present embodiment, it is possible to perform tempering correction of a ring component in a flow operation.

[0053]

EXAMPLES Using the tempering straightening device of the above embodiment, a straightening experiment was conducted by changing the heating parameter represented by the following equation (1).

Heating parameter = Maximum temperature reached (° C.) × {log (time (seconds)) + 15} (1) FIG. 8 shows the result of the relationship between the heating parameter obtained by the experiment and the correction rate. .

Here, the top member 5 was made of nonmagnetic material Si ₃ N ₄ . The ring component 7 used in the experiment was a quenching treatment with a ring component 7 (JIS standard SUJ2) made of bearing steel having an outer diameter of 90 mm and an inner diameter of 84 mm.

As can be seen from FIG. 8, a correction rate of about 50% is obtained when the heating parameter is 6500, and the correction rate increases as the heating parameter increases. And 7
It is understood that when a correction rate of 0% or more is required, it is necessary to set the heating parameter to 7500 or more.

Normally, the maximum deformation of the ring component 7 having the above structure is 0.3 mm and the grinding requires 0.15 mm or less. Therefore, the required minimum straightening rate is 50%. The heating parameter needs to be 6500 or more.

However, if the grinding is 0.1 mm or less, the grinding efficiency is further improved. Therefore, it is desirable to adjust the heating parameter to 7300 or more, which is a correction rate of 67%. However, if the heating parameter is too large, the straightening rate is saturated and the hardness of the ring component 7 is greatly reduced. Therefore, the heating parameter is desirably 8500 or less.

The above results show the same tendency as the conventional outer diameter constraint. Moreover, since various ring components can be handled simply by replacing the plurality of divided frame members with the inner diameter restraint, it can be seen that a significant cost reduction can be expected as compared with the outer diameter restraint.

[0060]

As described above, when the present invention is adopted, there is an effect that the apparatus can be made compact and can be applied to a large ring component despite the short tempering time.

Further, even if the inner diameter of the target ring component changes, it can be dealt with by replacing only the top component, so that the structure is advantageous in cost. Note that, as described above, even in the case of the inner diameter constrained method, the correction rate comparable to that of the outer diameter constrained can be achieved by appropriately selecting the heating parameter of the tempering temperature.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a tempering correction device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a plan view showing an operation unit and a slider.

FIG. 3 is a side view showing an operation unit and a slider.

FIG. 4 is a plan view showing a relationship between a top member and a ring component.

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram showing another configuration of the conversion mechanism.

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram showing another configuration of the conversion mechanism.

FIGS. 7A and 7B are explanatory diagrams applied to mass production equipment, where FIG. 7A shows the transfer of a ring component, FIG. 7B shows the restrained state, FIG. 7C shows the installation in a coil, and FIG. Unloading is represented respectively.

FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating a relationship between a heating parameter and a correction rate.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Cylinder device (actuator) 2 Oil piping 3 Working part 3a Guide groove 4 Slider 4a Engaging part 5 Top member 6 Heat insulating material 7 Ring part 8 High frequency induction heating coil 10 Guide member 13 Power supply

 ────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continued on the front page F term (reference) 4K034 AA10 AA15 AA17 BA06 BA10 DB02 GA18 4K042 AA22 AA23 BA10 BA13 DA01 DA02 DB01 EA01

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. An apparatus for performing tempering correction on a ring component such as a rolling component after heat treatment, comprising: an inner diameter restriction device for restricting the inner diameter of the ring component; and a high frequency induction heating device for heating the ring component. The above-mentioned inner diameter restraining device comprises: three or more top members arranged along the inner diameter surface on the inner diameter side of the ring component and restraining the inner diameter of the ring component; and an operating portion advances and retreats in the axial direction of the ring component. A conversion mechanism for connecting an actuator and an actuator of the actuator, converting an axial movement of the actuator into a radial movement of a ring component, and synchronously moving the plurality of top members in a radial direction; Wherein the conversion mechanism and the plurality of top members are detachably connected to each other.