WO2013109999A1 - Arme à feu compacte semi-automatique - Google Patents

Arme à feu compacte semi-automatique Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2013109999A1
WO2013109999A1 PCT/US2013/022314 US2013022314W WO2013109999A1 WO 2013109999 A1 WO2013109999 A1 WO 2013109999A1 US 2013022314 W US2013022314 W US 2013022314W WO 2013109999 A1 WO2013109999 A1 WO 2013109999A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
striker
recoil
trigger
semi
spring
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US2013/022314
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Douglas F. Donnelly
Original Assignee
Donnelly Douglas F
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Donnelly Douglas F filed Critical Donnelly Douglas F
Publication of WO2013109999A1 publication Critical patent/WO2013109999A1/fr

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41A—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
    • F41A15/00—Cartridge extractors, i.e. devices for pulling cartridges or cartridge cases at least partially out of the cartridge chamber; Cartridge ejectors, i.e. devices for throwing the extracted cartridges or cartridge cases free of the gun
    • F41A15/12—Cartridge extractors, i.e. devices for pulling cartridges or cartridge cases at least partially out of the cartridge chamber; Cartridge ejectors, i.e. devices for throwing the extracted cartridges or cartridge cases free of the gun for bolt-action guns
    • F41A15/16—Cartridge extractors, i.e. devices for pulling cartridges or cartridge cases at least partially out of the cartridge chamber; Cartridge ejectors, i.e. devices for throwing the extracted cartridges or cartridge cases free of the gun for bolt-action guns the ejector being mounted on the breech housing or frame
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41A—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
    • F41A17/00—Safety arrangements, e.g. safeties
    • F41A17/34—Magazine safeties
    • F41A17/38—Magazine mountings, e.g. for locking the magazine in the gun
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41A—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
    • F41A17/00—Safety arrangements, e.g. safeties
    • F41A17/42—Safeties for locking the breech-block or bolt in a safety position
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41A—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
    • F41A19/00—Firing or trigger mechanisms; Cocking mechanisms
    • F41A19/06—Mechanical firing mechanisms, e.g. counterrecoil firing, recoil actuated firing mechanisms
    • F41A19/12—Sears; Sear mountings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41A—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
    • F41A19/00—Firing or trigger mechanisms; Cocking mechanisms
    • F41A19/06—Mechanical firing mechanisms, e.g. counterrecoil firing, recoil actuated firing mechanisms
    • F41A19/25—Mechanical firing mechanisms, e.g. counterrecoil firing, recoil actuated firing mechanisms having only slidably-mounted striker elements, i.e. percussion or firing pins
    • F41A19/27—Mechanical firing mechanisms, e.g. counterrecoil firing, recoil actuated firing mechanisms having only slidably-mounted striker elements, i.e. percussion or firing pins the percussion or firing pin being movable relative to the breech-block
    • F41A19/29—Mechanical firing mechanisms, e.g. counterrecoil firing, recoil actuated firing mechanisms having only slidably-mounted striker elements, i.e. percussion or firing pins the percussion or firing pin being movable relative to the breech-block propelled by a spring under tension
    • F41A19/30—Mechanical firing mechanisms, e.g. counterrecoil firing, recoil actuated firing mechanisms having only slidably-mounted striker elements, i.e. percussion or firing pins the percussion or firing pin being movable relative to the breech-block propelled by a spring under tension in bolt-action guns
    • F41A19/31—Sear arrangements therefor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41A—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
    • F41A3/00—Breech mechanisms, e.g. locks
    • F41A3/64—Mounting of breech-blocks; Accessories for breech-blocks or breech-block mountings
    • F41A3/72—Operating handles or levers; Mounting thereof in breech-blocks or bolts
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41A—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
    • F41A5/00—Mechanisms or systems operated by propellant charge energy for automatically opening the lock
    • F41A5/02—Mechanisms or systems operated by propellant charge energy for automatically opening the lock recoil-operated
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41A—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
    • F41A9/00—Feeding or loading of ammunition; Magazines; Guiding means for the extracting of cartridges
    • F41A9/61—Magazines
    • F41A9/64—Magazines for unbelted ammunition
    • F41A9/73—Drum magazines

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of firearms, and more particularly semiautomatic or "small arms” and either semi-automatic long guns or carbines as well.
  • a modern breech loading semi-automatic uses a slide/barrel assembly that moves longitudinally along a frame and can overtravel across the top of the shooting/loading hand.
  • a spring located between the front of the slide and frame holds the slide/barrel assembly in a forward and locked position when in battery.
  • a cartridge chamber exists within this barrel assembly.
  • the rear end of the ban-el is covered by the breech face upon the slide.
  • a hole in the breech face provides access to the cartridge chamber for a firing element to pierce the primer of the pistol cartridge, thereby discharging the cartridge and expelling the bullet.
  • the firing pin can be driven forward by a hammer striking it, or in the case of a striker, it can be moved backward under spring pressure and released to drive the firing pin forward through the breech face to contact the bullet.
  • the hammer or the striker firing pin itself is connected through mechanical means to a trigger.
  • the modern striker fired systems are importantly dependent upon a tiny coil spring, located and attached in the mechanism's rearward portion in a plastic casement harbored inside the frame.
  • the tiny coil spring which embodiments of the present invention eliminate, is responsible for the active control of the trigger bar.
  • Smith and Wesson has used various methods to deaden errant vibration (to prevent falling off and/or breakage) with the use of some kind of dampening material, like a cotton swab or Q-Tip, to safeguard the operation of the spring.
  • Glock continues to enlarge the diameter of this spring material in a quest for increased reliability within their confined space.
  • this tiny coil spring (held by two open and opposite loops at its ends, thereby rendering it susceptible to falling off) maintains the trigger bar in a groove, to ensure a partially “cocked” or pre-tensioned position.
  • accidental discharge by dropping the weapon is remote, because the pre-tensioned position of the firing element is blocked by a "series 80" type drop safety which blocks any forward travel of the firing pin element through the breech face if caused to release by errant vibration or "dropping.”
  • Embodiments of the present invention are a highly developed improvement on this type of "modern action” design where no slide is present and there is no rearward travel, i.e. no piercing of the vertical plane past the hand. This "no over the hand travel” is highly advantageous to the user and allows for a compact form factor which will also allow deployment of the arm as an accessory/backup unit when attached on the underside of such platforms, such as the AR-15 or FN SCAR type.
  • a semi-automatic firearm may include: a recoil rod having a recoil spring associated with it, wherein the recoil rod faces in a first direction; a head segment disposed at a first end of the recoil rod, wherein the head segment is configured to be attenuated and propelled forward by the recoil spring; an internal recoil body located at a second end of the recoil rod; a striker guide rod located adjacent the recoil rod and having a striker spring associated with it, wherein the striker guide rod faces in the first direction; a striker attached to the striker rod and configured to be attenuated and propelled forward by the striker spring; and a floating bolt guide rod facing in a second direction opposite to the first direction and located adjacent the recoil rod.
  • the floating guide rod may be held in loose association at its end that faces in the second direction.
  • the floating guide rod may further include a safety ring coupled to an end of the floating guide rod.
  • the internal recoil body may be stopped from not traveling beyond the safety ring.
  • the striker spring may be configured to attenuate recoil forces. Both the recoil spring and the striker spring may be configured to extend immediately after a bullet is fired. Both the recoil spring and the striker spring may be configured to attenuate the recoil forces resulting from the bullet fired, wherein the recoil spring, the striker spring, the internal recoil body, and the striker may be configured to travel together as one mass.
  • the striker spring may be configured to cease movement upon the striker being captured by a sear, and wherein the masses of the striker spring and the striker separate from the masses of the recoil spring and the internal recoil body.
  • the recoil spring may be coiled around the recoil rod.
  • the striker spring may be coiled around the striker guide rod.
  • a method of attenuating recoil forces in a semi-automatic firearm may include: combining the masses of a recoil group and a striker group; capturing the striker group with a sear; stopping travel of the striker group upon capture by the sear; and continuing travel of the recoil group.
  • a semi-automatic firearm may include: a trigger; a barrel located above the trigger; and a trigger sear located immediately above the trigger and the barrel.
  • a safety mechanism of a semi-automatic firearm may include: a trigger; and a safety block located immediately above the trigger, wherein the safety block is configured to travel downwards as the trigger travels rearwards.
  • the safety mechanism may include reinforcement steps located underneath the safety block, wherein the safety block descends the reinforcement steps as the trigger travels rearwards.
  • the safety block may prohibit the firing of the firearm for a substantial distance of the rearward travel of the trigger.
  • a trigger assembly of a semi- automatic firearm may include: a trigger body; and a trigger sear, wherein rearward pressure exerted on the trigger body is converted to linear motion that controls the trigger sear.
  • a semi-automatic firearm may include: a barrel; a frame of the semi-automatic firearm; and a trigger body located within a hollow of the frame, and wherein the trigger body is pendant to the barrel.
  • the trigger body may be configured to travel rearward to control the firing of the firearm and the frame may be configured to stop the rearward travel of the trigger body.
  • a trigger body of a semiautomatic firearm may include triangular shapes that radiate out from the center of the trigger body.
  • a semi-automatic firearm may include: a left frame of the semi-automatic firearm; a right frame of the semi-automatic firearm, wherein the left frame and the right frame are coupled to form the body of the firearm; and
  • an ejector located between the left frame and the right frame.
  • a reset mechanism for a semi-automatic firearm may include: a trigger sear located beneath the striker and configured to restrain and release the striker; a reset bar located next to the trigger sear and configured to control the upward and downward movement of the trigger sear in order to restrain or release the striker; and
  • striker timing groove located on the striker, wherein the striker timing groove controls the inward and outward movement of the reset bar.
  • a magazine assembly of a semi-automatic firearm may include: a drum; a square bore channel in the center of the drum; and
  • the drum may include two surfaces and the drum may provide a new surface for operation of the magazine assembly by rotating the drum on its axis.
  • a magazine assembly of a semi-automatic firearm may include: a magazine retainer; and a plurality of offset ribs located longitudinally along the frame of the magazine retainer.
  • FIG. 1 is an external view showing a firearm according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2A is a view showing a firearm according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2B is a view showing a sear and a striker mechanism according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2C is a view showing a drop safety mechanism and its reinforcement steps according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2D is a view showing a drop safety and a sear mechanism according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a view showing a trigger apparatus according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIGS. 4 A through 4E are views showing an internal recoil group and a striker group at various phases of firearm action according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG 5 is a view showing a firearm according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a skewed view showing an interior of a firearm according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a view showing an interior of a firearm according to an alternative embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIGS. 8 A to 8D are views showing an ejector assembly according to exemplary embodiments of the present invention.
  • FIGS. 9 A to 9C are views showing a reset bar assembly according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIGS. 9D to 9F are views showing a firearm body according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIGS. 10 and 1 1 are views showing charging systems according to exemplary embodiments of the present invention.
  • FIG 12 is a view showing a frame of a charging station according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 13 is a view showing a charging handle according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 14 is a view showing a rail assembly according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIGS. 15 to 17 are views showing a charging handle according to exemplary embodiments of the present invention.
  • FIG. 18 is a view showing a pull charging system according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 19 is a view showing a charging system according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 20 is a view showing a charging system according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 21 is a view showing a firing pin assembly according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 22 is a view showing an internal breech bolt according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIGS. 23A to 23D are views showing a magazine retention system according to exemplary embodiments of the present invention.
  • FIG. 24 is a view showing a magazine holder according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 25 is a view showing a firearm and mounting top according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 26 is a view showing a firearm mounted on a rifle frame according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 27 is a view showing a top view of a firearm according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 1 shows an external view of a firearm according to one embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2A is a view showing a firearm according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
  • one feature of this design is the sliding linear bearing (10) of the trigger body. Rather than the typical long rotational trigger and complicated trigger bar winding its way around a magazine well (included in the common 191 1 trigger, and common in a range of modern firearms), this unique design simply guides all pressure in an efficient forward and back motion.
  • the trigger body has two appendages. One is the safety block (12) and the other is the trigger sear (14). These are arranged in what might be best described as a butterfly wing fashion. It might be helpful to think of it that way, because as you pull the trigger, both of these appendages move like butterfly wings, i.e. they move up and down as you move the trigger back and forth.
  • FIG. 2D shows the positions of the safety block (12) and the trigger sear (14) after the trigger has been fully pulled (i.e. after a bullet has been fired). As illustrated in FIG. 2D, both the safety block (12) and the trigger sear (14) have moved downward in response to the trigger pull. As comparison, FIG. 2 A shows the safety block (12) and the trigger sear (14) in an upward position while the trigger is unpulled and at a rest position.
  • the trigger sear (14) (located towards the rear of the trigger) is unique because of its location on top of the trigger. It is in a totally different location than any trigger sear that's been devised in modern firearms today.
  • the forward location of the sear in the gun is specifically on top of the trigger, and additionally on top of the barrel.
  • the long axis gives it very good stability and a more central location for its job, which is to both let go of the striker (16) (searing/firing phase), and after a certain point in time (during the recoil phase), recapture the striker (16).
  • FIG 2B illustrates the recapture of the striker (16) by the trigger sear (14) at point (18).
  • the safety block (12) is unique in this linear trigger because it follows the assembly as you pull the trigger; it continues blocking the path for the striker through about 80% of the trigger travel. In other words, whenever you engage the trigger, should you only pull it half way, and should there be a vibration or a knocking or a jarring to the action and should the striker overcome the sear and slip past it, the striker path will still be blocked by the safety block (12). If you choose not to pull the trigger and to allow the trigger to return to the home or stop position, the safety block will follow the cam (20) and will return to its home position in the fully up and blocked position as well. It should be noted that the safety block itself will continue to block the path of the striker channel for nearly all of the trigger travel.
  • the safety block (12) is important in these kinds of designs of striker fired guns because of the nature of the action.
  • the nature of a striker fired design is that at the end of the loading cycle, the firearm is in a pre-charged condition. Therefore, there is some pressure on the striker urging it to be moved forward to fire, illustrated at location (22). It is the trigger pressure or the pulling of the trigger which provides the additional loading (in addition to the pre-load) of the striker spring (24), which gives the mass of the striker enough inertia (hitting force) when released to fire the cartridge.
  • the safety block (12) is acted on when you pull the trigger (26).
  • the safety block is moved into and out of position by a camming surface (28), and it is the action of this surface on the cam that keeps the safety block in that progressive blocking position (and blocking the channel) (30) through about 80% of the trigger travel. This means that you have to intentionally want to pull the trigger to fire the gun.
  • the function of the safety block (12), when it is activated, is that should the striker (16) not be under the control of the sear and consequentially fly forward and try to occupy the striker channel (30), the striker (16) will be blocked in its path.
  • the striker (16) will put pressure on the safety block (12) causing the safety block (12) to rotate on its axis (32) on the pin, and the forward section of the safety block (34) will rotate down to a reinforcement step (36) that is molded into the frame, thereby providing the striker (16) with a hard stop.
  • FIG. 2C shows a close-up view of the reinforcement steps (36) underneath the forward section of the safety block (34).
  • the trigger (26) is unique in that the trigger body (38) itself moves, and is operated in a linear fashion.
  • the barrel (40) provides the long bearing surface.
  • the trigger does not operate in a rotational fashion for its actuation, so any pressure put on the trigger by the finger is converted into linear motion and not into rotational motion.
  • the mass of the trigger body itself is given location and a bearing surface via the barrel (40).
  • it doesn't have to be a barrel but could simply be a reinforcement bar. Due to compactness and streamlining of the design, a trigger body that actually hangs and is located off of the barrel, using that very long longitudinal access (10) as a way to give support and guidance for the entire trigger assembly, is preferred.
  • the shape of the interior part of the trigger i.e. where the finger goes, is also something that is predicated on an ergonomic design and function of the trigger body as a whole.
  • the rear surface of the trigger body itself when the trigger is fully deployed or when fully pulled, must have already gone through all of its steps, so there is not unlimited travel in the trigger.
  • the trigger has specific locations for certain activities within the stroke travel of the trigger. Its most rearward surface acts as a stop when in contact with the frame.
  • the trigger is unique because it is located in a hollow of the left and right frame and is pendant to the barrel.
  • the trigger is also unique because it is made out of plastic and is "linear”, but without the complicated and fragile "loop” which must wind its way around a typical 191 1 magazine.
  • the trigger of the present invention is different because the sear component, formerly located in the rear of a traditional gun of this type, is located on top of the barrel for closer proximity to the striker and related components.
  • the trigger could be pendant to a simple tubular or rod shape with such further refinement in the proximity of the barrel so as to allow interrelation of the various components.
  • the trigger has a unique shape to do all of its jobs with stability.
  • One feature is the projections of triangular shapes, which radiate out from the center pendant portion.
  • the design could have simply a round shape to follow the contour of the barrel, but the plastic walls would then be thinner.
  • the shape depicted was adopted to give the further benefit of both strength and guidance from the complimentary frame sides and the barrel.
  • FIG. 3 is a view showing the trigger body of an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
  • another feature on the trigger is the incorporated "sear limit stop” or sear rise stop (50).
  • the rear wall of the sear cavity actually provides this stop as measured by its pivot point (52) (the securing pin location of the sear).
  • the cross bolt safety cavity stop is the cross bolt safety cavity stop as well. It is this efficient design that is able to incorporate so many features and components.
  • Another stop surface (54) is built at the top front portion and related to the drop safety. This surface (54) helps to bottom out the drop safety (12).
  • the rear and front portions of the trigger serve as the maximum forward and rear limit areas which serve as the "proper stops".
  • the trigger does not rely on the small components to bottom out (which induces stresses), as the trigger body (38) is used as the proper motion stop.
  • There exist spring cavities interior to the trigger as well for both the sear and drop safety.
  • the interior finger portion of the trigger is also configured to specifically aid in the design and strength of the trigger body as a whole.
  • the flat interior rear is the trigger surface (26) for actuating the trigger.
  • the largeness of the space is to accommodate gloves or large hands/fingers.
  • the trigger's entire profile then assists in keeping it square (bottom, sides, and triangle wings) and directing forces where they are needed (proximate location, sear next to reset bar and striker, drop safety to cam and drop safety "staircase” in frame, and cross bolt safety, etc.) while incorporating many useful components and features usually found distributed one by one elsewhere in a normal firearm. They are concentrated here in embodiments of the present invention while being located forwardly and more ergonomically displaced (comfortably) forward in the design pendant to the barrel.
  • VMA variable mass action
  • the VMA action is a concept where the action portion of the mechanism is divided into three separately interacting groups of components.
  • the components involved in one exemplary embodiment are shown in FIGS. 4 A through 4E. However, during certain phases of the action two component groups (the recoil group and the striker group) combine their mass: W [0091] 1.
  • FIG. 4A shows an embodiment just at detonation, during the high peak pressure moment, where inertia is built. Both the recoil spring (104) and the striker spring (1 10) are extended to their maximum length.
  • FIG. 4B shows the combined mass of the recoil group and striker group, with the spring bodies (104 and 110) attenuating the recoil force.
  • FIG. 4B shows the springs 104 and 1 10 in a condensed state as the two springs work against the recoil force.
  • safety ring (116) ensures no further movement of the internal recoil body (100).
  • both the recoil spring (104) and the striker spring (1 10) are simultaneously in a more extended state than what is shown in FIG. 4C.
  • the striker group is caused to separate from the total mass due to the sear catching and restraining the striker group.
  • the internal recoil body (100) is urged forward to chamber the next cartridge (given some additional help in force by the striker group before it is separated from the recoil group by the sear).
  • the internal recoil body (100) Having begun to strip/load the next cartridge, the internal recoil body (100) then comes to full rest against the barrel face (specifically against the monoblock plate (1 18)) where the necessary head space is created by a relief cut in the internal recoil body (100) for the newly chambered cartridge to live.
  • the striker spring (1 10) has ceased to extend, as caused by the sear, while the recoil spring (104) continues to extend towards its default position.
  • the end opposite of the internal recoil body (100) of the recoil rod (102) includes an enlarged head segment. It is against this head segment that the recoil spring (104) is located. As described above, the recoil spring (104) functions to attenuate and propel this head segment during normal operation of the firearm according to embodiments of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 shows a side view of an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the first group is composed of an internal recoil body (100) which is tensioned by two recoil rods (102) (threadibly located by screws from the rear) and recoil/loading springs (104) and a unique orientation of a novel "floating bolt guide rod" (106).
  • the internal recoil body (100) performs all the functions of loading and extraction and acts as the breech face against which the recoil forces are to be placed.
  • the floating bolt guide rod (106) is unique because it faces rearward and is held in a backwards facing condition.
  • This backwards facing condition means that the head of the rod is secured by an insertable breech plate (1 18).
  • the head is located at the approximate center of the gun and the rod is held in a floating manner (i.e. loose association) with the breech plate for a very intentional reason.
  • the backward facing guide rod (106) is facing to the rear of the firearm so that as the gun is in its recoil phase, it develops so much tension that it is important for those forces that build up to be released or allowed to roll off the rod by having the rod end basically unsupported.
  • the guide rod (106) face in a rearward fashion, (i.e. not supported) this allows the recoil forces to "slip off the rod end" and not be “captured” by any rearward wall or abutment.
  • the backwards facing guide rod (106) gives guidance to the rear portion of the striker group, whereby it facilitates the firing pin to fire the cartridge and ensures proper alignment for the various functions.
  • the second group is composed of the striker (108), striker spring (1 10), striker guide rod (1 12) and striker guide rod block (1 14).
  • This component group is slidably engaged on top of the recoil group by virtue of the fact that it rests and is guided by two guide rods, one of which is the striker spring guide rod (1 12) (located on top), which includes the striker spring (1 10), and the other of which is the floating bolt guide rod, located and projecting from the rear (which also guides the internal recoil body).
  • the striker group is served by a coiled striker spring (1 10) which;
  • [00110] 3. is the spring which (when the masses join in recoil) is recruited (compressed) to help attenuate recoil (only the present invention has developed this ability in this mechanism).
  • Both groups of the action are kept in orientation by using the backward facing guide rod (106).
  • the backward facing guide rod also incorporates an over limit stop at its furthest end in the form of a simple ring (116).
  • Linear Trigger Sear and Drop Safety W 201 [00113] The function of this is covered in another section. It is this group which brings the striker group to the necessary sear compression to fire, and which captures and separates both the striker group and the internal recoil group at the critical moment of re-engagement or capture and eventual relaxing of the linear trigger components to a rest (reset) position.
  • FIG. 6 shows a different perspective of the embodiment of the invention.
  • the monoblock plate (1 18) serves the following specific functions:
  • the rear surface has a relief cut to accept the head of the barrel and functions to provide a known and repeatable location for the chamber end of the barrel and related components in a plastic shell or unibody firearm body.
  • the barrel is timed with a flat to further seat in a "keyway" for additional location and orientation and the distal end is held and brought to tension (headspace for recoil body) by the firm seating of a barrel nut.
  • a small wrench is provided with pin holes timed to those of the barrel nut.
  • the plate's forward surface serves as a barrier where the spring load may be concentrated, and allows the recoil rods to pass through, while compressing the springs, as the recoil body is propelled rearward.
  • the plate's forward face has a location for the capture of the backward facing guide rod. This location is closely thought to be located in the approximate center of the gun. This balance point helps to keep the action running smoothly in this confined space.
  • the job of frame reinforcement is handled simply by the nature of the material (steel), to give increased strength to a plastic body.
  • the frame reinforcement may be simply inserted at time of assembly, and there is no requirement for over molding.
  • over molding should not be needed as the gun hemispheres are arranged in halves and not as a fully integrated assembly like a lower unit, such as Glock et.al.
  • the concept of this plate also allows the shells (left and right) to be physically attached by a simple screw method to the base plate and helps to reinforce the frame.
  • FIG. 7 shows an embodiment of the present invention with an alternative design for variable mass recoil.
  • This alternative embodiment still uses the three springs, two recoil springs (150) and one striker spring (152), with the striker spring still performing the same functions as described above.
  • the location of the springs has been switched to the rear of the firearm and is more in line with the striker firing pin.
  • This arrangement while not practical in a pistol design (no over the hand travel), is beneficial for a rifle design.
  • Note that securing screws are turned backwards as well, but that all three rods now face backwards and that there is a simple block (154) to absorb the various tensions at different times, as this is still an embodiment of the variable mass action.
  • both the trigger (156) and striker (158) have been largely pushed away up ahead, yet are still able to function as desired. This has many advantages.
  • FIGS. 8A-8D show an exemplary embodiment of the present invention featuring an embodiment of the ejector component.
  • novel to this design is the clam shell placement of the ejector (200) between the two halves (202 and 204), as illustrated in FIGS. 8B and 8C, of the shell frame.
  • FIG. 8B a viable method of alternate installation of a simple slot (206) biased to be in one frame is possible, but due to the collapsing potential of the thin wall section neighboring that simple slot in FIG. 8B, the preferred embodiment is to incorporate the simple slot into an entire frame section, as shown in FIG. 8C.
  • the method of retention in the frame is accomplished by a simple transverse pin (208), as shown in FIG. 8A.
  • the transverse pin (208) is made to be rigid within the frame, with a secondary retention positioned forward and provided by a simple threaded screw (210), which provides location for the ejector and the necessary closing force to close up the left and right frame sections.
  • the barrel is blocked by the natural position of the ejector within the frame sections.
  • ejector (200) blocking the end (212) of the barrel in FIG. 8 A.
  • ejector (200) rotates in FIG. 8D and note how the barrel position changes.
  • a novel purpose for the use of the forwardly mounted screw (210) is that for barrel installation or removal, simple removal of the screw will allow the ejector (200) to rotate on its axis to a rearward facing attitude onto surface (214) such that the pathway is clear from the monoblock (216) for the insertion and/or removal of the barrel (212).
  • the sear (250) pivots at (252) and is limited in its pivot at (254) on the trigger body (256).
  • the sear (250) interacts with the reset bar (266), which is held in the frame.
  • the reset bar is a highly developed spring which acts as a cam for the driving of the sear, down and away from the striker (260).
  • the cam (262) which when the trigger body (256) is moved rearward, drives the sear end (264) into the cam channel (258) and guides the sear (250) down so that the striker can pass over it and fire the cartridge(s).
  • the reset bar also has a second job which allows the sear (250) to pop up (reset) at a certain point in time during the recoil phase (or during the charging phase) of the mechanism in order to recapture the striker and hold it in a pre- charged condition during normal operation.
  • This timing can be seen in FIG. 9A at locations 268, 270, 272, and 274.
  • the protrusion (276) follows a striker timing groove described by the bold line in FIG. 9A.
  • This striker timing groove moves with the striker body (it is novel to position this on the striker body, as the present invention has no slide) and drives the head or protrusion (276) of the reset bar.
  • the reset bar controls the sear to restrain the striker.
  • the reset bar drives the sear downwards to release the striker.
  • the reset bar controls the sear to maintain its downward position.
  • the reset bar drives the sear upwards to recapture the striker.
  • FIG. 9D and 9E show how the reset bar location is carefully designed for support at 278, 280, 282, and 284.
  • the embodiment illustrated uses the right hand frame, but flexibility of the design will allow attachment to the left side wall or to the top or bottom if desired (obviously the other components will adjust to this new position if wished).
  • Its location and surrounding support walls (278, 280, 282, and 284) support the reset bar through its entire motion and specific jobs.
  • the stem of the reset bar (286) is rigidly held at location (278) and bent at particular angle (288), which helps to locate the bar in the frame.
  • the elbow of the reset bar (290) allowed to sit on a specific plane, the plane is recessed in a groove at location (280) with a support head wall at (292, 294, and 296) and the groove is tapered inwardly at location (284) to provide a safe clearance to allow the entire head to flex past the plane described by 280. Notice the compound angle at (298).
  • the reset bar's protrusion (276) traces all along, and is in communication with at all times, the striker timing groove (the bold line in FIG. 9A).
  • the striker has a timed groove (268, 270, 272, and 274) in which the reset bar runs. In fact, it is the striker that allows the reset bar to open and close to do the job to reset it (the striker), and the sear is what stops the striker from moving past its particular return condition during the automatic operation of the mechanism.
  • Embodiments of the present invention are also different in the fact that the striker mechanism has the timing groove not in the slide component, as is so common in a variety of other striker fired systems, but integrated into the striker itself. Due to the fact that it is without a slide and due to the unique engineered nylon plastic shell and arrangement of parts, it is able to enclose the mechanism in this way with no "over the hand travel" in a small working space.
  • FIG. 10 The displayed version shown in FIG. 10 is Version 1.0 and the image shown in FIG. 1 1 is Version 2.0, but both share an ability to trade out the charging systems.
  • the right half of the frame holds the necessary components of the gun made at factory, while the left side of the frame can be removed from the right half and replaced with a left frame that contains a different feature.
  • the result is a gun that is versatile due to its ease of upgradability, and a gun that allows various third party companies to manufacture a left frame (i.e. the upgraded component) for the gun.
  • FIG. 12 shows the Version 2.0 left frame, without cover, rope, handle, or Pope hat, etc.
  • the slot in the frame is graduated to assist in camming the rope and the rearward portion has a defined rolled over edge to protect the rope in its most extreme position.
  • the raised platforms for inserts can also be seen in FIG. 12, as the raised portions, or islands, are for locating the cover and the provisions for screw nuts for clamping the cover to the left frame.
  • FIG. 13 shows yet another style of charging system possible with embodiments of the present invention.
  • FIG. 13 shows a non-reciprocal charging handle of a different design which also shows a blue hold back button.
  • the slide rails are interrupted to allow the button to be inserted, then, once on the rails, the guide rod can be inserted to keep the button from dislocating.
  • FIG. 14 Shown in FIG. 14 are the special interrupted rails where a protrusion or boss is inserted, which allow the button to get close to the rail section.
  • the rail section is interrupted and allows the button rails to engage, then, with small pressure forward, the button finally seats on the rails.
  • guide rods which run through the bosses on the buttons which then keep the buttons retained even if they should cross into open rail sections; the maximum compression distance of the action actually prevents this occurrence.
  • FIGS. 15, 16, and 17 show dual non-reciprocal charging handles. They are swappable for bolt hold back, left for right, etc.
  • FIG. 18 shows a basic system of a pull charging system where the handle is non- reciprocal in nature and stores into a slot in the frame.
  • FIG. 19 shows a final working concept with the handle now contained within a frame, and the face plate secured to the side by screws.
  • the charging system may include several components: Pope hat and spring, the charging handle with allowance for rope slot, and a method of lacing the rope thru the handle to secure it. (See provision in frame and corresponding slot in handle.)
  • embodiments of the present invention are able to utilize a labor saving ratio in charging using this fulcrum of the Pope hat on top of the recoil rod.
  • the extra spring tension to the Pope spring is able to enliven the handle and cause it to spring rotate home even during firing.
  • the gun is charged by a swift motion rearwards of the handle (450) to actuate the mechanism.
  • the striker of various embodiments of the present invention is very unique in design. When compared to a modern Glock type, the difference is noticeable, characterized by the inclusion of the timing groove which communicates with the reset bar (all others have this feature attached to the slide) that is actually part of the functioning of the striker.
  • the striker was fashioned with the addition of a timing reset groove.
  • the striker spring was relocated to the top of the striker but guided by a long rod, instead of a two part plastic guide collar.
  • embodiments of the present invention do away with the tiny coil reset trigger spring.
  • the striker design is heaviest toward the rear. It is weighted toward the rear in order to assist in carrying through the pressure of the strike.
  • the striker is part of the recoil system in that its mass and related spring tension join with the mass and recoil spring bodies to attenuate and distribute recoil at a certain time, and so the masses vary depending upon where the mechanism is in cycle.
  • the timing groove is seen in FIG. 21. Also, it is important to note, the change in the orientation of the firing pin to a decidedly left or 3 o'clock position. This is for two reasons, one for discharge of the rimfire casing, to actually hit more rim and more chance of proper detonation, and second to aid in ejection. As the firing pin is rotated in this attitude its surface protrudes and encourages the shell to leave with a slight beginning push horizontally to the right (i.e. toward the ejection window).
  • the present invention relates to a novel internal reciprocating "internal recoil body" where it reciprocates internally within a given space or volume.
  • This invention presents a novel and unique way of achieving the functions and maintaining the mass/volume and weight balance needed for basic operation, while allowing significant cost reduction and increase in high quality molded volume production.
  • An internal breech bolt design can also have a steel or stamped face plate which, through a special design, is mechanically interlocked with a normal or moderate "high gravity" nylon compound to effectively replace the machined stock of the bolt while maintaining ballast weight of the former steel.
  • the interlocked plates as shown in FIG. 22 can vary in size and one plate can wrap its arm around another to secure both as well. The plates allow the striker nose to fire the cartridge, with the plates being differently sized to accommodate the cartridge relief without having to machine it.
  • the interlock can be overmolded to securely bond the plastic matrix to the steel by designing a series of projections or arms which are positioned in such a way as to allow the plastic to flow and be captured from all torsional directions.
  • those same plates could have the arms removed and a series of close tolerance rivets simply driven or secured through by ultrasonic welding or over molding.
  • Embodiments of the present invention use a very highly designed plastic as the internal recoil body.
  • This design of firearm also has no extractor or ejector as is usually found in firearms.
  • the ejector is part of the magazine design and, as such, any inclusion of an ejector in the gun is redundant.
  • the nature of this gun is a true blow black mechanism, where the expelling gases and recoil forces do the work to extract any cartridge.
  • a normal extractor found in any gun of today is simply there to remove a live or dud round, which can, in embodiments of the invention, be accomplished by the use of one's own finger if it does not fall out by itself. There is much excess room due to the large size of the magazine cavity, along with ample room to work with a simple tool. Thus, embodiments of the invention may have no extractor.
  • the recoil body is kept under tension by the dual recoil springs. It is pretensioned by the securing screws of the recoil rods through either side of the bolt body.
  • the springs are tensioned because they mount up on the face of the barrel support on the monoblock.
  • the diamond shape head of the over molded recoil rods are simple shapes to fit the space and other designs could be chosen.
  • An alternative method of providing a breech face surface is to use steel as part of the design. This particular embodiment may use inserted pins to locate plates.
  • FIG. 23A shows the basic parts: existing magazine (350) retained by the spring (352) loaded drum (354) and a lever (356) pivoting on (358).
  • This embodiment is a highly compact solution which reorganizes and redesigns the parts while maintaining full-functioning and multiple wear surfaces.
  • this embodiment provides a novel thru square bore channel (360) in the center of the compact drum (354), and a lever/fulcrum combination (356) to fit in the compact space needed.
  • embodiments of the present invention provide a novel solution to provide a new surface by simply rotating the drum on its axis. After one surface has been sufficiently worn, a user can simply turn the drum to replace the old surface with a new one.
  • tension spring (352) is on the inside of the drum and protected or sealed by the drum, contrary to the existing Ruger design of a spring located around the drum with the lever then extended far to the rear of the action.
  • Embodiments of the present invention may include a mounted top secured by the way provisions made beneath the standard top.
  • the top is a standard pica tinny rail for mounting accessories to the gun.
  • the rail may be the Universal Special Rail (USR) to allow the ZIP to become an accessory on a larger platform.
  • USR Universal Special Rail
  • Legal to perform the attachment (as an SBR short barreled rifle) with filing of proper paperwork.
  • Embodiments of the present invention may have eight mounting positions (referring literally to the eight insert provisions) for the interchangeable tops for the securing of the various tops for accessories, or to become an accessory itself to a larger weapon system.
  • the standard top does not use these mounting points.
  • a top cover for the gun may be provided in various embodiments of the present invention that is able to perform one or more of eight jobs.
  • the barrel may be fitted with a barrel nut.
  • Embodiments of the invention may include a barrel having a chamber end, a metal bore liner, a special undercut for better cross-sectional purchase of the thread and then the metal liner fully exposed back to the normal diameter.
  • Embodiments of the invention may include an abutment of the chamber nut, metal liner, and the plastic over mold.
  • the plastic abutment enlarges the barrel diameter (from the economic barrel liner) so that the trigger may more securely trace back and forth using the plastic as a smooth bearing surface.
  • This embodiment includes a "pocket or relief taken from the liner and given to the plastic feature to embolden thread.
  • the beneficial thickness supports the thread and the relief wall (forward and rear) gives the thread its own bulkhead against stripping. It should also be understood that all along the periphery of the barrel liner may be varied knurled surfaces appropriate for the plastic surface to grab and hold the plastic from twisting, both on the uniform surface and in the relief notch.
  • FCI Fire Control Indicator
  • Various embodiments of the present invention may incorporate an ability for the mechanism to keep a constant status of the striker regarding whether it is charged or not.
  • the red indicator is the actual top of the striker in a certain (pre-charged) condition to allow users to be immediately apprised of control status.
  • the gun can be charged and not loaded. This FCI could be "glow in the dark” paint or use a tritium capsule normally used for sights.
  • FIG. 24 shows a good view of the magazine stability ribs or projections (400). These projections could be developed into a solid surface, but when working in plastic it is important to remain uniformly as thin as practical due to warping and shrink, and so this method of using distinct rails is akin to coring. However, it should be understood that the benefit from the offset ribs related to improved magazine function on the left frame could also be accomplished by enlarging the magazine itself (left wall), thereby gaining the rigidity accomplished by the frame ribs.
  • FIG. 25 shows a gun according to an embodiment of the present invention with the picatinny mounting rail located on top of the gun.
  • FIG. 26 shows a gun according to an embodiment of the present invention that is mounted onto a rifle platform.
  • Embodiments of the present invention are also able to maintain the cleanliness of certain parts of the firearm. Specifically, the trigger group remain clean due to its location being forward of the barrel chamber and sealed off from most or all of the firing gasses.
  • embodiments of the present invention allow for certain major components to be cleaned without full disassembly of the gun.
  • These components may include the barrel, the striker components, and the recoil components among other major parts of the gun.
  • the cross bolt safety acts as a functional gage to determine the headspace on the internal recoil body which can indicate to a user whether it is time to replace the internal recoil body.
  • the gun can be kept in factory new condition with the periodic replacement of a few components of the gun. These components may include the recoil and striker springs and the internal recoil body. In embodiments, it may only be necessary to replace these few components to ensure unlimited service life of the gun.
  • the gun includes a load rod for charging the striker and for loading the gun.
  • the gun may include a restrike rod for recharging the striker should a round fail to fire.
  • a user need simply depress the load rod or the restrike rod until a certain point to perform these functions. Both rods may also be utilized to de-cock the striker and to perform a chamber check to see how many rounds are left in the barrel or at the top of the magazine.
  • FIG. 27 shows the load rod (450) and the restrike rod (452).
  • the load rod and the restrike rod may have the capability to be switched so as to be ambidextrous.

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Abstract

Arme à feu semi-automatique configurée pour ne pas posséder de glissière sorte qu'il n'y ait pas de déplacement extérieur vers l'arrière de l'arme à feu. L'arme à feu semi-automatique comprend : une tige de recul possédant un ressort de recul associé à elle, la tige de recul étant orientée dans une première direction ; un segment tête disposé à une première extrémité de la tige de recul, le segment tête étant configurée pour être atténué et propulsé vers l'avant par le ressort de recul ; un corps de recul interne situé à une seconde extrémité de la tige de recul ; une tige de guidage de percuteur située adjacente à la tige de recul et possédant un ressort de percuteur associé à celui-ci, la tige de guidage de percuteur étant orientée dans la première direction ; un percuteur fixé à la tige de percuteur et conçu pour être atténué et propulsé vers l'avant par un ressort de percuteur ; et une tige de guidage à culasse flottante orientée dans une seconde direction opposée à la première direction et située adjacente à la tige de recul.
PCT/US2013/022314 2012-01-18 2013-01-18 Arme à feu compacte semi-automatique WO2013109999A1 (fr)

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US61/588,089 2012-01-18

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US10151546B2 (en) 2015-04-08 2018-12-11 Ra Brands, L.L.C. Shotgun with magazine loading system

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US2846925A (en) * 1955-09-26 1958-08-12 Smith And Wesson Inc Automatic firearm with breech block operated disconnector
US4522105A (en) * 1983-06-06 1985-06-11 Sw Daniel, Inc. Firing mechanism for semiautomatic firearms
US4856410A (en) * 1984-06-21 1989-08-15 Anderson John A Firearm
US5267406A (en) * 1992-11-06 1993-12-07 Ruger William B Automatic pistol ejector mounted in frame and interlocking with hammer pivot pin
US5736667A (en) * 1996-05-06 1998-04-07 Munostes; Luis Eduardo Hernandez Automatic firearm arranged for high safety and rapid dismantling
US6314859B1 (en) * 1997-05-30 2001-11-13 Heckler & Koch Gmbh Self-loading pistol conversion kit for a locked self-loading pistol and a weapon system composed of an optionally locked or unlocked self-loading pistol
US7421937B1 (en) * 2004-03-05 2008-09-09 John Gangl Modular insertion trigger method and apparatus
US7827720B1 (en) * 2008-07-28 2010-11-09 Saim Alper Erdem Autoloading handgun
US20110099870A1 (en) * 2007-11-23 2011-05-05 Vladimir Georgiev Peev Double Action Short Reset Trigger System

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2846925A (en) * 1955-09-26 1958-08-12 Smith And Wesson Inc Automatic firearm with breech block operated disconnector
US4522105A (en) * 1983-06-06 1985-06-11 Sw Daniel, Inc. Firing mechanism for semiautomatic firearms
US4856410A (en) * 1984-06-21 1989-08-15 Anderson John A Firearm
US5267406A (en) * 1992-11-06 1993-12-07 Ruger William B Automatic pistol ejector mounted in frame and interlocking with hammer pivot pin
US5736667A (en) * 1996-05-06 1998-04-07 Munostes; Luis Eduardo Hernandez Automatic firearm arranged for high safety and rapid dismantling
US6314859B1 (en) * 1997-05-30 2001-11-13 Heckler & Koch Gmbh Self-loading pistol conversion kit for a locked self-loading pistol and a weapon system composed of an optionally locked or unlocked self-loading pistol
US7421937B1 (en) * 2004-03-05 2008-09-09 John Gangl Modular insertion trigger method and apparatus
US20110099870A1 (en) * 2007-11-23 2011-05-05 Vladimir Georgiev Peev Double Action Short Reset Trigger System
US7827720B1 (en) * 2008-07-28 2010-11-09 Saim Alper Erdem Autoloading handgun

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US10151546B2 (en) 2015-04-08 2018-12-11 Ra Brands, L.L.C. Shotgun with magazine loading system
US10670357B2 (en) 2015-04-08 2020-06-02 R A Brands L.L.C. Shotgun with magazine loading system

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