WO2013107248A1 - Procédé de culture de micro-algues et de production d'huile biologique en parallèle - Google Patents
Procédé de culture de micro-algues et de production d'huile biologique en parallèle Download PDFInfo
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- WO2013107248A1 WO2013107248A1 PCT/CN2012/087308 CN2012087308W WO2013107248A1 WO 2013107248 A1 WO2013107248 A1 WO 2013107248A1 CN 2012087308 W CN2012087308 W CN 2012087308W WO 2013107248 A1 WO2013107248 A1 WO 2013107248A1
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- microalgae
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- hydrolysis
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- oil
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
- C12N1/00—Microorganisms, e.g. protozoa; Compositions thereof; Processes of propagating, maintaining or preserving microorganisms or compositions thereof; Processes of preparing or isolating a composition containing a microorganism; Culture media therefor
- C12N1/12—Unicellular algae; Culture media therefor
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12P—FERMENTATION OR ENZYME-USING PROCESSES TO SYNTHESISE A DESIRED CHEMICAL COMPOUND OR COMPOSITION OR TO SEPARATE OPTICAL ISOMERS FROM A RACEMIC MIXTURE
- C12P7/00—Preparation of oxygen-containing organic compounds
- C12P7/64—Fats; Fatty oils; Ester-type waxes; Higher fatty acids, i.e. having at least seven carbon atoms in an unbroken chain bound to a carboxyl group; Oxidised oils or fats
- C12P7/6436—Fatty acid esters
- C12P7/6445—Glycerides
- C12P7/6463—Glycerides obtained from glyceride producing microorganisms, e.g. single cell oil
Definitions
- the invention belongs to the field of microalgae cultivation, and in particular relates to a method for cultivating parallel production oils suitable for microalgae and other photosynthetic biological cells. Background technique
- Microalgae is a kind of biological resource with great application value.
- the microalgae nutrition methods mainly include light autotrophic, heterogeneous and mixed nutrition.
- the photoautotrophic mode uses sunlight as an energy source, absorbs carbon dioxide as an inorganic carbon source, and adds inorganic salts to the nutrient solution to culture.
- Organic matter such as glucose can also be used to grow microalgae heterotrophic.
- the mixed nutrients are added to the photobioreactor to culture the microalgae.
- the photoautotrophic culture of microalgae has low cost and good algal cell quality, but it needs to add inorganic salt and nitrogen source phosphorus source. In addition, it has the disadvantages of low cell density, low growth efficiency, vulnerability to pollution and weather.
- the heterotrophic culture of microalgae has high growth efficiency and high algal cell density.
- organic carbon sources need to be added.
- the heterotrophic cultured algae cells have low quality and cannot absorb carbon dioxide. Hybrid nutrition can both absorb sunlight by sunlight and maintain high growth efficiency.
- Chinese patent CN101838606A proposes a self-supporting-heterotrophic coupling photobioreactor for wastewater treatment of carbon-reduced and circulated microalgae, using a model of autotrophic and heterogeneous coupling. By adding a heterotrophic zone, the carbon fixation efficiency is high and micro The algae culture concentration is high, suitable for sewage treatment carbon emission reduction and high-efficiency cultivation of microalgae on a large scale and low cost.
- Chinese patent CN102154110A proposes a high-yield method for cultivating microalgae, which is subjected to heterotrophic cultivation, and then the algae cells obtained by heterotrophic culture are used as seeds for self-cultivation.
- Chinese Patent CN101285075A proposes a method and a methane fermentation coupling autotrophic microalgae cultivation of freshwater to the slurry as a microalgae culture medium, C0 2 as the carbon source required to culture fresh autotrophic microalgae biogas.
- Chinese patent CN101921811A uses the acid solution after the end of biogas fermentation as a medium to heterotrophic culture of the microalgae, and the resulting mixed gas is circulated into the photobioreactor for aeration and autotrophic culture.
- Chinese patent CN101914572A proposes a carbon dioxide zero The method for energy-saving utilization of waste organic waste, the biogas slurry after biogas fermentation is directly used as a whole nutrient medium of microalgae, and the biogas slurry and the inoculated algae liquid are mixed and then enter the photobioreactor, and the co-derived carbon dioxide storage tank is used.
- 2 is a carbon source, and the microalgae culture in which the co 2 method is fixed by photoautotrophic growth is carried out.
- Chinese patent CN101575567A proposes a method for cultivating microalgae by light and a reactor thereof, and the dry weight concentration of the microalgae cells is more than 3.5 g/L when cultured for 5 days under the condition of 1% to 40% carbon dioxide.
- Chinese patent CN101979498A proposes a method for high-yield heterotrophic culture of microalgae. Using a semi-continuous culture method, during the cultivation process, a part of the algae liquid is released, and the same volume of the same medium and sterile water are added to achieve high yield. Rate training.
- Chinese patent CN102021208A proposes a method for rapidly accumulating intracellular fats and oils of microalgae.
- the heterotrophic cultured microalgae algae solution is diluted and subjected to light-induced culture, so that the microalgae rapidly accumulates in the light-induced stage.
- Chinese patent CN102089434A proposes an integrated system for the production of biofuel raw materials, which uses organic carbon and nutrients for heterotrophic seed culture, and then the resulting microalgae species are subjected to large-scale autotrophic cultivation for cell biomass accumulation.
- Chinese patent CN102174409A proposes a method for rapid growth and large accumulation of bio-oil by cultivating chlorella in mixed nutrient culture. The first stage uses chlorella autotrophic culture to obtain higher biomass, and the second stage uses aerated heterotrophic culture with added organic matter. Mode, the rapid accumulation of oil on a large biomass basis.
- Chinese patent CN101280328A proposes a method for producing biodiesel from self-cultivation to heterotrophic cultivation of chlorella, and transferring the concentrated autotrophic algae into a fermenter for heterotrophic growth to synthesize neutral fat.
- the biomass can reach 108g/L, and the oil content can reach 52% of the dry weight of the cells.
- Chinese patent CN1446882A a method for preparing biodiesel by rapid pyrolysis of heterotrophic algae by amylase hydrolysis, using low-quality grain starch as raw material, enzymatically decomposing starch to make glucose, and obtaining heterotrophic chlorella, algal cells by heterotrophic transformation technology
- the preparation cost is reduced by 3-4 times; the fat content is 3-4 times higher than the autotrophic algae.
- Chinese patent CN101549932A proposes a production method of organic sewage waste residue treatment coupled with algae refining, which utilizes anaerobic biochemical technology to separately treat organic sewage and organic waste residue, and then aerobic biochemical treatment of sewage and biogas slurry, and then formulated into a culture solution.
- the oil-containing microalgae are cultured by the carbon dioxide exhaust gas generated after the combustion of the biogas.
- Chinese patent CN102161550A proposes a method for producing feed additives and purifying into medium water for livestock and poultry breeding.
- the biogas slurry after sewage treatment of livestock and poultry is filtered by ultrafiltration membrane and then enters photobioreactor for microalgae cultivation and separation.
- the microalgal slurry is fed into the fermentation/enzymatic tank (pool) for fermentation and enzymatic hydrolysis as a feed additive.
- Chinese patent CN200610089354.3 proposes a method for preparing olefins from vegetable oils or/and animal fats, and preparing ethylene and propylene by catalytic cracking using vegetable oils or/and animal fats and oils as raw materials. Alkene and butene.
- Chinese patent CN200710099839.5 proposes a catalytic conversion method of vegetable oil or/and animal fat, which is subjected to catalytic cracking reaction by contacting vegetable oil or/and animal fat raw material in a composite reactor with a catalyst containing modified zeolite beta.
- the target product is low-carbon olefins and gasoline, diesel, and heavy oil.
- biodiesel the main products of microalgae conversion are biodiesel, bio-oil, and fuel products such as gases.
- bio-alcohol bio-oil into low-carbon olefins such as ethylene, propylene and butene is a new research direction.
- the present invention provides a method of cultivating parallel production of oils and olefins suitable for microalgae and other photosynthetic organism cells.
- the method of the invention utilizes a photobioreactor to carry out circulating culture of microalgae, and hydrolyzes a certain amount of microalgae collected by each generation and culture under a certain temperature and pressure, and obtains an aqueous phase and an oil phase by separation, and the aqueous phase serves as a nutrient.
- the liquid is added to the next-generation culture system for the cultivation of microalgae, and the oil phase is used as a product.
- the method for circulating a microalgae of the present invention for parallel production of oil includes the following steps:
- step 2) The hydrolyzate obtained in step 1) is separated to obtain an aqueous phase and an oil phase, and the aqueous phase is added as a nutrient solution to the next generation microalgae culture system to provide nutrients for the propagation of microalgae, and the oil phase is produced.
- the microalgae may be marine microalgae or freshwater microalgae.
- the photobioreactor may be a tubular or plate-box reactor, and the circulation of the microalgae nutrient solution may be a pump cycle or an airlift cycle.
- the light source used in the photobioreactor can be a fluorescent lamp, a fluorescent lamp, sunlight or a mixture thereof, which can be used interchangeably.
- the collected microalgae can be processed into the form of dry microalgal flour or wet microalgae prior to hydrolysis.
- the hydrolysis method of the microalgae may be acid hydrolysis under normal pressure, neutral condition hydrolysis under high temperature and high pressure or acid hydrolysis under high temperature and high pressure.
- the separation of the aqueous phase and the oil phase may be by liquid separation, filtration or extraction.
- the acid used in the acid hydrolysis may be selected from one or more of hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, and phosphoric acid, and may have a concentration of from 0.1 mol/L to 2 mol/L.
- the high temperature and high pressure conditions may be a temperature of from 100 ° C to 250 ° C and a pressure of from 0.1 MPa to 4.0 MPa.
- the acid hydrolysis temperature under normal pressure may be 50 or more and 100 ° C or less, preferably 50 to 95 °C.
- Neutral conditional hydrolysis refers to hydrolysis in water or a dilute base (e.g., 5-10% by weight sodium hydroxide solution).
- the amino acid, glucose and glycerol contained in the aqueous phase obtained by separating the hydrolyzate can be used as a carbon source for the growth of the next generation microalgae; the amino acid can be used as a nitrogen source; the water-soluble phosphate can be used as a phosphorus source;
- the potassium salt, sodium salt, calcium salt, iron salt, zinc salt, manganese salt, magnesium salt, molybdenum salt, copper salt, cobalt salt or the like can be used as the inorganic salt component.
- the oil phase obtained by separating the hydrolyzate mainly contains a fatty acid which is recovered as a bio-oil product.
- the method of the present invention solves the problem of low photoautotrophic growth efficiency and external carbon-dependent external addition in heterotrophy, and is capable of producing oil.
- the method of the invention does not need to additionally add inorganic nutrient salts and organic carbon in the microalgae culture, has high growth efficiency and fast growth speed, and realizes the method of circulating culture.
- the initial concentration of 5x l0 6 cells per milliliter 10L microalgae culture medium was added to the standard f / 2 culture medium.
- Each liter contains 75 mg NaN0 3 , 5 mg NaH 2 P0 4 -H 2 0. 3.15 mg FeCl 3 -6H 2 0, 4.36 mg Na 2 EDTA, 0.0098 mg CuS0 4 -5H 2 0, 0.0063 mg Na 2 Mo0 4 -2H 2 0, 0.022 mg ZnS0 4 -7H 2 0, 0.01 mg CoCl 2 -6H 2 0, 0.18 mg MnCl 2 -4H 2 0. 0.001 mg Vitamin B 12 , 0.2 mg Vitamin Bl, 0.001 mg biotin.
- Light The bioreactor is made of hard silicon borosilicate glass.
- 18 g of the collected algae algae powder was added to 90 ml of a 5% by weight hydrochloric acid solution, and heated at a normal pressure and a temperature of 50 ° C for 2 hr, and filtered to obtain a filter cake of 6.3 g, and a hydrolysis rate of 65%.
- the filter cake was extracted with n-hexane to obtain an extract of 3.3 g, which was a slightly black bio-oil.
- the filtrate was neutralized with a 10% by weight aqueous solution of NaOH, and then added to a 10 L microalgae culture solution having an initial concentration of 5 ⁇ 10 6 cells per ml.
- the photobioreactor was a plate-box reactor made of hard borosilicate glass.
- the collected chlorella algae powder was 18 g, and 90 ml of a 5% by weight hydrochloric acid solution was added thereto, and the mixture was heated under reflux at normal temperature and a temperature of 100 ° C for 2 hr to obtain a filter cake of 7.3 g, and a hydrolysis rate of 59.4%.
- the filter cake was extracted with n-hexane and the hexane was rotary evaporated to give 1.82 g of product.
- the filtrate was neutralized with a 10% aqueous NaOH solution and added to a 10 L microalgae culture solution having an initial concentration of 5 ⁇ 10 6 cells per ml.
- the bioreactor is a pipeline reactor made of hard borosilicate glass, and the reactor is evenly distributed around the reactor.
- 18 g of the collected algae algae powder was added to 90 ml of a 5% sulfuric acid solution, and heated at a normal pressure and a temperature of 80 ° C for 2 hr, and filtered to obtain a filter cake of 7.7 g, and a hydrolysis rate of 57%.
- the filter cake was extracted with n-hexane to obtain 3.0 g of an extract as a slightly black bio-oil.
- the filtrate was neutralized and added to a 10 L microalgae culture solution with an initial concentration of 5 ⁇ 10 6 cells per ml.
- the photobioreactor was made of hard borosilicate glass, and 2-4 30W fluorescent tubes were evenly distributed around the reactor.
- the water bath was controlled at 25-30 ° C, and a 3 wt% CO 2 air mixture was introduced, and the gas flow rate was 200 ml/min.
- the microalgae grew rapidly. After 3 days of culture, the density was 3.4 ⁇ 10 7 cells per ml, and after 7 days, the density was 1.47 g/L. After collecting and drying, 14.7 g of algal flour was obtained.
- Example 4
- the water bath was controlled at 25-30 ° C, and a 3 wt% CO 2 air mixture was introduced, and the gas flow rate was 200 ml/min.
- the microalgae grew rapidly. After 3 days of culture, the density was 2 ⁇ 10 7 cells per ml, and after 7 days, the density was 0.89 g/L. After collecting and drying, 8.9 g of algal flour was obtained.
- Example 5
- the constant temperature water bath is controlled at 25-30 °C, and the air flow is 3wt% C0 2 air. It is 200 ml/min.
- the microalgae grew rapidly, and after 7 days of culture, the density was 1.77 g/L, and after collecting and drying, 17.7 g of algal flour was obtained.
- the collected chlorella algae powder was 18 g, added with 90 ml of water, placed in a 200 ml autoclave, and reacted at 100 ° C for 10 hr at 0.5 MPa, cooled and filtered to obtain a filter cake of 7.2 g, and a hydrolysis rate of 60.0%.
- the filter cake was extracted with n-hexane and the hexane was rotary evaporated to give 1.80 g of product.
- the filtrate was neutralized and added to a 10 L microalgae culture solution having an initial concentration of 5 ⁇ 10 6 cells per ml.
- the photobioreactor was a tubular reactor made of hard borosilicate glass, and 2-4 branches were uniformly distributed around the reactor.
- the photobioreactor was a tubular reactor made of hard borosilicate glass, and 2-4 branches were uniformly distributed around the reactor. 30W fluorescent tube, the constant temperature water bath is controlled at 25-30 °C, and a 3 wt% CO 2 air mixture is introduced, and the gas flow rate is 200 ml/min. The microalgae grew rapidly, and the density was 1.81 g/L after 7 days of culture. After collecting and drying, 18.1 g of algal flour was obtained.
- the collected algae powder was added to 90 ml of a 10% by weight sulfuric acid solution, placed in a 200 ml autoclave, and reacted at 150 ° C for 10 hr at 3 MPa, cooled, and filtered to obtain a filter cake of 6.5 g, and a hydrolysis rate of 63.9%.
- the filter cake was extracted with n-hexane and the hexane was rotary evaporated to give 3.4 g of product.
- the filtrate was neutralized and added to an initial concentration of 5 ⁇ 10 6 cells per ml of 10 L microalgae culture.
- the photobioreactor is a pipeline reactor made of hard borosilicate glass.
- the reactor is evenly distributed around 2-4 30W fluorescent tubes, the constant temperature water bath is controlled at 25-30 °C, and the inlet contains 3wt% C0 2 Air mixture, gas flow rate of 200ml / min.
- the microalgae grew rapidly, and the density was 1.64 g/L after 7 days of culture. After collecting and drying, 16.4 g of algal flour was obtained.
- Example 9
- Example 10 A 30W fluorescent tube is used, and the constant temperature water bath is controlled at 25-30 ° C, and a 3 wt% CO 2 air mixture is introduced, and the gas flow rate is 200 ml/min. The microalgae grew rapidly, and the density was 1.02 g/L after 7 days of culture. After collecting and drying, 10.2 g of algal flour was obtained.
- Example 10 A 30W fluorescent tube is used, and the constant temperature water bath is controlled at 25-30 ° C, and a 3 wt% CO 2 air mixture is introduced, and the gas flow rate is 200 ml/min. The microalgae grew rapidly, and the density was 1.02 g/L after 7 days of culture. After collecting and drying, 10.2 g of algal flour was obtained.
- Example 10 A 30W fluorescent tube is used, and the constant temperature water bath is controlled at 25-30 ° C, and a 3 wt% CO 2 air mixture is introduced, and the gas flow rate is 200 ml/min. The microalgae
- 18 g of the collected algae powder was added to 90 ml of water, placed in a 200 ml autoclave, and reacted at 100 ° C for 10 hr at 4 MPa, cooled, and filtered to obtain 16.7 g of a filter cake, and the hydrolysis rate was 7.2%.
- the filter cake was extracted with n-hexane and the hexane was rotary evaporated to give 0.9 g of product.
- the filtrate was neutralized and added to a 10 L microalgae culture solution having an initial concentration of 5 ⁇ 10 6 cells per ml.
- the photobioreactor was a tubular reactor made of hard borosilicate glass, and 2-4 branches were uniformly distributed around the reactor.
- the collected wet algae mud 54g wherein the water content is 67%, the amount of dry algae powder is 18g, 64ml of 7% by weight hydrochloric acid solution is added, and the mixture is heated and refluxed at a temperature of 100 ° C for 2 hr, and filtered to obtain a filter cake. 6.3 g, hydrolysis rate 65%.
- the filter cake was extracted with n-hexane to give an extract of 3.3 g as a slightly black bio-oil.
- the filtrate was neutralized with a 10% by weight aqueous NaOH solution and added to a 10 L microalgae culture solution having an initial concentration of 5 ⁇ 10 6 cells per ml.
- the photobioreactor was a plate-box reactor made of hard borosilicate glass. 2-4 30W fluorescent tubes were evenly distributed around the reactor. The constant temperature water bath was controlled at 25-30 ° C, and a 3 wt% CO 2 air mixture was introduced, and the gas flow rate was 200 ml/min. The microalgae grew rapidly. After 3 days of culture, the density was 4> ⁇ 10 7 cells per ml, and after 7 days, the density was 1.77 g/L. After collecting and drying, 17.7 g of algal flour was obtained.
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Abstract
La présente invention se rapporte à un procédé de culture cyclique de micro-algues et de production d'huile biologique en parallèle, qui comprend : hydrolyse des micro-algues collectées à partir de chaque génération de culture pour obtenir une phase aqueuse et une phase huileuse. La phase aqueuse est ajoutée dans un système de culture de micro-algues en tant que solution nutritive pour la culture cyclique des micro-algues afin de fournir une source de carbone, une source d'azote, une source de phosphore et des sels inorganiques, permettant ainsi de mettre en oeuvre la culture cyclique. Les acides gras contenus dans la phase huileuse sont des produits d'huile biologique. Ce procédé de culture de micro-algues est très efficace et met en oeuvre une culture cyclique des micro-algues et une production d'huile biologique en parallèle sans qu'il soit nécessaire d'utiliser de source d'azote, de source de phosphore ni de sels inorganiques en supplément, ce qui permet d'abaisser les coûts de production.
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CN104561153B (zh) * | 2015-01-22 | 2019-07-19 | 贵州华清科维环境能源有限责任公司 | 一种循环利用酒糟养分培养藻类进行生物质油生产的方法 |
CN106434778B (zh) * | 2016-12-05 | 2019-09-20 | 新奥科技发展有限公司 | 一种微藻生产油脂的方法 |
CN106754386B (zh) * | 2016-12-05 | 2019-12-03 | 新奥科技发展有限公司 | 一种微藻养殖方法 |
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