WO2013104612A1 - Fully variable hydraulic valve control unit for gas exchange valves of reciprocating piston internal combustion engines, in particular multi-cylinder engines - Google Patents

Fully variable hydraulic valve control unit for gas exchange valves of reciprocating piston internal combustion engines, in particular multi-cylinder engines Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2013104612A1
WO2013104612A1 PCT/EP2013/050201 EP2013050201W WO2013104612A1 WO 2013104612 A1 WO2013104612 A1 WO 2013104612A1 EP 2013050201 W EP2013050201 W EP 2013050201W WO 2013104612 A1 WO2013104612 A1 WO 2013104612A1
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Prior art keywords
control unit
internal combustion
valve control
pressure
gas exchange
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PCT/EP2013/050201
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German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Murat YAKAN
Alexandra OKOMONSKI
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Schaeffler Technologies AG & Co. KG
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Publication of WO2013104612A1 publication Critical patent/WO2013104612A1/en

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L13/00—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations
    • F01L13/0015—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations for optimising engine performances by modifying valve lift according to various working parameters, e.g. rotational speed, load, torque
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L9/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements actuated non-mechanically
    • F01L9/10—Valve-gear or valve arrangements actuated non-mechanically by fluid means, e.g. hydraulic
    • F01L9/11—Valve-gear or valve arrangements actuated non-mechanically by fluid means, e.g. hydraulic in which the action of a cam is being transmitted to a valve by a liquid column

Definitions

  • Fully variable hydraulic valve control unit for gas exchange valves of reciprocating piston internal combustion engines, in particular multi-cylinder engines, with at least one pressure generating unit driven by the internal combustion engine,
  • a housing unit which is connectable to a cylinder head of the reciprocating internal combustion engine and at least receives the Nehmerajien.
  • Such a fully variable hydraulic valve control unit for gas exchange valves is known from DE-10 2009 01 1 983 A1.
  • This valve control unit is completely integrated in a block which is screwed along the gas exchange valves with a cylinder head of the reciprocating internal combustion engine.
  • Each of the receiver unit is in operative connection with a gas exchange valve, the in turn, is spring-loaded in the closing direction and thereby the actuating direction of the receiving unit is counteracted.
  • the valve control unit is operatively connected to cams of a camshaft whose number corresponds to the number of gas exchange valves or groups of gas exchange valves to be actuated.
  • the cams individually act on pressure generating units, wherein each pressure generating unit assigned to a Nehmeriki and a hydraulic switching valve, which dominates an inner hydraulic line system, which is still assigned a respective pressure accumulator.
  • the known valve control unit is therefore only summarized spatially and has the cylinders of the reciprocating internal combustion engine corresponding individual control units, so that this system is always adapted only to a specific engine and designed accordingly. It must therefore, as previously in mechanical valve controls, a camshaft with the number of cylinders of the internal combustion engine corresponding number of cams are provided and it is a corresponding number of pressure generating units required.
  • the block preferably made of aluminum is therefore very expensive and requires a complex processing. In particular, various holes in the block are required, which must be re-clamped several times during processing.
  • the object of the invention is therefore to simplify the known fully variable hydraulic valve control unit significantly and represent cheaper in construction.
  • the proposed valve control unit should be constructed according to the modular principle and thereby be favorable in terms of repair / maintenance, construction and costs. Summary of the invention
  • valve control unit has three independent units, which can be modified and combined as required by the internal combustion engine.
  • the pressure generating unit formed as a structural unit is designed as at least one independently of the timing of the gas exchange valves controlled high-pressure pump, which is connected by means of a high pressure line to the high-pressure chamber.
  • the high-pressure pump can be designed as desired and only needs to be designed so that it provides a sufficient amount of hydraulic fluid in the required pressure level available. It may, for example, be a pump driven independently of the camshaft, eg. B. a radial pump, act, which can be grown at any point of the reciprocating internal combustion engine.
  • the high-pressure pump is designed as a single-piston pump whose ram is in operative connection with a plurality of cams of a cam disc of a camshaft. Since the pressure generating unit or the high-pressure pump is independent of the timing of the gas exchange valves, a plurality of cams can be arranged on a cam disc. Depending on the size of the reciprocating internal combustion engine, it is also possible to provide two separate high-pressure pumps, which are then connected together to the high-pressure chamber.
  • the high-pressure pump can either be connected directly to the oil pump of the reciprocating internal combustion engine or it can be tapped the oil-carrying lines of the cylinder head.
  • the plunger is preferably connected to the cams via a roller, so that the pump of the cam mechanism ometrie follow easily and the friction at the contact can be kept low.
  • the designed as a structural unit high-pressure chamber is designed as a high-pressure accumulator, with which all switching valves of the reciprocating internal combustion engine are connected together hydraulically.
  • the high-pressure accumulator arranged along the cylinder head is preferably designed as a so-called “common rail” accumulator, which is arranged along the cylinder head with respect to the gas exchange valves All the switching valves are individually attached to the high-pressure accumulator so that hydraulic pressure fluid is continuously available to the switching valves.
  • Hydraulic pressure lines are connected to the switching valves leading to a housing unit provided as a third unit, which incorporates hydraulic brakes with slave units, and the hydraulic branches coming from the selector valves, leading directly to the hydraulic brakes If one of the gas exchange valves is now to be opened, one of the switching valves is opened at a certain point in time, so that finally a pressure is applied to a specific receiver unit
  • two separate Hoch horrauche Trenten emanate from one switching valve, for example, to open two gas exchange valves, for example, two intake or two exhaust valves simultaneously.
  • the switching valves designed as two-way quick-acting valves therefore control the start of opening of at least one gas exchange valve and its lifting height. Thereafter, the switching valve is closed.
  • the end of the valve lift is determined by the electrically controlled hydraulic shut-off valve, which keeps the pressure chamber in front of the receiver unit (s) closed or connects to an outflow line. Furthermore, an accumulator capsule is attached to the high-pressure accumulator, which compensates for pressure fluctuations in the system. Also, a temperature sensor is provided which determines the temperature and thus the viscosity of the hydraulic fluid and as a control variable, the opening duration of the switching valves bez. of the Ab tenuventile influenced because the flowing through the valves amount of hydraulic pressure fluid is dependent on the viscosity.
  • the proposed fully variable hydraulic valve control unit is variable in construction, since the central high-pressure accumulator is always acted upon by hydraulic fluid regardless of timing with hydraulic fluid and the opening and closing of Nehmerikien done by switching valves and Ab tenuventile, which in turn are not bound to a block, but arranged arbitrarily and can be connected via pressure lines.
  • engine oil is preferably used for the valve control unit, in which, depending on the load situation of the internal combustion engine, a relatively large amount of air is contained, it is proposed according to the invention to provide corresponding ventilation devices.
  • a quick-release valve is fitted to the high-pressure accumulator.
  • the trained as a "common rail high-pressure accumulator is so, z. B. installed at an angle, that the quick-acting valve is located at the highest point, preferably at the highest end to ensure safe ventilation.
  • FIG. 1 shows a plan view of a fully variable hydraulic valve control unit
  • FIG. 1 a side view of a valve control unit according to Figure 1 and a section through the valve control unit according to the line III-III in Figure 1.
  • 1 generally designates a high-pressure pump which has a punch and a roller tappet 2 which is in operative connection with a plurality of cams of a cam disk 3 of a camshaft.
  • the high-pressure pump 1 is arranged by means of a flange 4 Brennkraftmaschinenfest, so that the connected to the flange 4 pump head 5 is fixed.
  • On the pump head 5 an inlet nozzle 6 and a high-pressure nozzle 7 is mounted, wherein the high-pressure nozzle 7 is connected by means of a high-pressure line 8 with a high-pressure accumulator 9 and supplies it by means of hydraulic pressure fluid.
  • the high-pressure accumulator 9 is designed as a cylindrical pressure tube and thus corresponds to a "common rail" in injection systems
  • a pressure accumulator capsule 10 which compensates for pressure fluctuations in the system is mounted on the high-pressure accumulator 9.
  • Electrically or electromagnetically actuated hydraulic switching valves 11 are attached to the high-pressure accumulator 9.
  • High pressure branches 12 are attached to the switching valves 11 and lead to a housing unit 13.
  • the housing unit is adapted to the position and number of a number of gas exchange valves of the reciprocating internal combustion engine, so that various housing units are available can be made, which are designed for different numbers of gas exchange valves of reciprocating internal combustion engine and also consider whether only one or more intake or exhaust valves are provided per cylinder of the reciprocating internal combustion engine.
  • the housing unit can also be arbitrarily divided and ultimately divided so that a small unit is provided at each gas exchange valve, since the system is fully variable.
  • a hydraulic brake 13a with slave unit 13b is installed in the housing unit 13 per gas exchange valve.
  • a slave unit 13b it is also conceivable for a slave unit 13b to be designed for a plurality of gas exchange valves and to be used e.g. this is operated via a bridge.
  • the housing unit 13 To the housing unit 13 are also electrically or electromagnetically controlled hydraulic shut-off valves 14, which are also designed as two-way quick-acting valves and the pressure chambers of the hydraulic brakes 13a and slave units 13b dominate in the sense that they either complete the pressure chambers or this connect with discharge lines.
  • the discharge lines lead into the free space on the cylinder head of the reciprocating internal combustion engine. Since over the high-pressure pump 1 always sufficient pressure in the high-pressure accumulator 9 is present, the opening of the or the respective gas exchange valves by opening the switching valves 1 1 takes place at the time scheduled for the reciprocating internal combustion engine, the opening time of the switching valves 1 1 determines the lifting height.
  • the or the Abersonventile 14 is controlled in adaptation to the respective closing time of the gas exchange valves or the 14 so that they open the pressure chamber of the hydraulic brakes 13a and slave units 13b and close by discharging the hydraulic fluid or the respective gas exchange valves.
  • the details of the hydraulic brakes 13a with slave units 13b will not be described in detail here, since they are already used in the prior art valve control unit. LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

Abstract

The invention relates to a fully variable valve control unit for gas exchange valves of reciprocating piston internal combustion engines, in particular multi-cylinder engines, comprising at least one pressure generation unit which is driven by the internal combustion engine, at least one hydraulic brake (13a) which has a slave unit (13b) for controlling the gas exchange valves, at least one hydraulic control valve (11) which is preferably electrically actuated, at least one high pressure chamber which is operationally connected to the pressure generation unit, and a housing unit (13) which can be connected to a cylinder head of the reciprocating piston internal combustion engine and accommodates the hydraulic brakes (13a) and slave units (13b), the valve control unit having three independent structural units that can be modified and combined depending on the demands of the internal combustion engine, the pressure generation unit, which is disposed as a structural unit, being disposed as at least one high pressure pump (1) that is actuated independently of the control times of the gas exchange valves and is connected to the high pressure chamber by means of a high pressure lead (8).

Description

Bezeichnung der Erfindung  Name of the invention
Vollvariable hydraulische Ventilsteuereinheit für Gaswechselventile von Hub- kolbenbrennkraftmaschinen, insbesondere mehrzylindrischen Maschinen Fully variable hydraulic valve control unit for gas exchange valves of reciprocating piston internal combustion engines, in particular multi-cylinder machines
Beschreibung description
Gebiet der Erfindung Field of the invention
Vollvariable hydraulische Ventilsteuereinheit für Gaswechselventile von Hub- kolbenbrennkraftmaschinen, insbesondere mehrzylindrischen Maschinen, mit zumindest einer von der Brennkraftmaschine angetriebenen Druckerzeugungseinheit, Fully variable hydraulic valve control unit for gas exchange valves of reciprocating piston internal combustion engines, in particular multi-cylinder engines, with at least one pressure generating unit driven by the internal combustion engine,
mit zumindest einer hydraulischen Nehmereinheit zum Steuern der Gaswechselventile, with at least one hydraulic slave unit for controlling the gas exchange valves,
mit zumindest einem, vorzugsweise elektrisch angesteuerten hydraulischen Schaltventil, with at least one, preferably electrically controlled, hydraulic switching valve,
mit zumindest einem Hochdruckraum, der mit der Druckerzeugungseinheit in Wirkverbindung steht, und with at least one high-pressure chamber, which is in operative connection with the pressure generating unit, and
mit einer Gehäuseeinheit, die mit einem Zylinderkopf der Hubkolbenbrennkraftmaschine verbindbar ist und zumindest die Nehmereinheiten aufnimmt. with a housing unit, which is connectable to a cylinder head of the reciprocating internal combustion engine and at least receives the Nehmereinheiten.
Hintergrund der Erfindung Background of the invention
Eine derartige vollvariable hydraulische Ventilsteuereinheit für Gaswechselven- tile ist aus der DE- 10 2009 01 1 983 A1 bekannt. Diese Ventilsteuereinheit ist vollständig in einen Block integriert, der entlang der Gaswechselventile mit einem Zylinderkopf der Hubkolbenbrennkraftmaschine verschraubt ist. Jede der Nehmereinheit steht mit einem Gaswechselventil in Wirkverbindung, das seinerseits in Schließrichtung federbelastet ist und dadurch der Betätigungsrichtung der Nehmereinheit gegengerichtet ist. Die Ventilsteuereinheit steht mit Nocken einer Nockenwelle in Wirkverbindung, deren Anzahl der Anzahl der zu betätigenden Gaswechselventile oder Gruppen von Gaswechselventilen ent- spricht. Die Nocken beaufschlagen einzeln Druckerzeugungseinheiten, wobei jeder Druckerzeugungseinheit eine Nehmereinheit und ein hydraulisches Schaltventil zugeordnet, das ein inneres hydraulisches Leitungssystem beherrscht, dem noch jeweils ein Druckspeicher zugeordnet ist. Die bekannte Ventilsteuereinheit ist also nur räumlich zusammengefasst und hat den Zylindern der Hubkolbenbrennkraftmaschine entsprechende einzelne Steuereinheiten, so dass dieses System immer nur an einen bestimmten Motor angepasst und entsprechend ausgelegt ist. Es muss daher, wie bisher bei mechanischen Ventilsteuerungen, eine Nockenwelle mit der Anzahl der Zylinder der Brennkraftmaschine entsprechenden Anzahl von Nocken zur Verfügung gestellt werden und es ist eine entsprechende Anzahl von Druckerzeugungseinheiten erforderlich. Der vorzugsweise aus Aluminium hergestellte Block ist daher sehr aufwendig und bedarf einer aufwendigen Bearbeitung. Insbesondere sind verschiedenartige Bohrungen im Block erforderlich, der während der Bearbeitung auch mehrfach umgespannt werden muss. Such a fully variable hydraulic valve control unit for gas exchange valves is known from DE-10 2009 01 1 983 A1. This valve control unit is completely integrated in a block which is screwed along the gas exchange valves with a cylinder head of the reciprocating internal combustion engine. Each of the receiver unit is in operative connection with a gas exchange valve, the in turn, is spring-loaded in the closing direction and thereby the actuating direction of the receiving unit is counteracted. The valve control unit is operatively connected to cams of a camshaft whose number corresponds to the number of gas exchange valves or groups of gas exchange valves to be actuated. The cams individually act on pressure generating units, wherein each pressure generating unit assigned to a Nehmereinheit and a hydraulic switching valve, which dominates an inner hydraulic line system, which is still assigned a respective pressure accumulator. The known valve control unit is therefore only summarized spatially and has the cylinders of the reciprocating internal combustion engine corresponding individual control units, so that this system is always adapted only to a specific engine and designed accordingly. It must therefore, as previously in mechanical valve controls, a camshaft with the number of cylinders of the internal combustion engine corresponding number of cams are provided and it is a corresponding number of pressure generating units required. The block, preferably made of aluminum is therefore very expensive and requires a complex processing. In particular, various holes in the block are required, which must be re-clamped several times during processing.
Aufgabe der Erfindung Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es daher, die bekannte vollvariable hydraulische Ventilsteuereinheit wesentlich zu vereinfachen und günstiger im Aufbau darzustellen. Die vorgeschlagene Ventilsteuereinheit soll nach dem Baukastenprinzip aufgebaut sein und dadurch bezüglich Reparatur/Wartung, Konstruktion und der Kosten günstig sein. Zusammenfassung der Erfindung Object of the invention The object of the invention is therefore to simplify the known fully variable hydraulic valve control unit significantly and represent cheaper in construction. The proposed valve control unit should be constructed according to the modular principle and thereby be favorable in terms of repair / maintenance, construction and costs. Summary of the invention
Die Aufgabe der Erfindung wird dadurch gelöst, dass die Ventilsteuereinheit drei unabhängige Baueinheiten aufweist, die je nach Anforderung an die Brennkraftmaschine modifizierbar und kombinierbar sind. The object of the invention is achieved in that the valve control unit has three independent units, which can be modified and combined as required by the internal combustion engine.
In vorteilhafter Weise ist die als eine Baueinheit ausgebildete Druckerzeugungseinheit als zumindest eine von den Steuerzeiten der Gaswechselventile unabhängig angesteuerte Hochdruckpumpe ausgebildet, die mittels einer Hochdruckleitung mit dem Hochdruckraum verbunden ist. Die Hochdruckpumpe kann beliebig ausgebildet sein und braucht nur so ausgelegt zu werden, dass sie eine hinreichende Menge Hydraulikflüssigkeit in dem erforderlichen Druckniveau zur Verfügung stellt. Es kann sich beispielsweise um eine unab- hängig von der Nockenwelle angetriebene Pumpe, z. B. eine Radialpumpe, handeln, die an einer beliebigen Stelle der Hubkolbenbrennkraftmaschine angebaut sein kann. Advantageously, the pressure generating unit formed as a structural unit is designed as at least one independently of the timing of the gas exchange valves controlled high-pressure pump, which is connected by means of a high pressure line to the high-pressure chamber. The high-pressure pump can be designed as desired and only needs to be designed so that it provides a sufficient amount of hydraulic fluid in the required pressure level available. It may, for example, be a pump driven independently of the camshaft, eg. B. a radial pump, act, which can be grown at any point of the reciprocating internal combustion engine.
Vorzugsweise ist die Hochdruckpumpe als Ein-Stempelpumpe ausgebildet, deren Stößel mit mehreren Nocken einer Nockenscheibe einer Nockenwelle in Wirkverbindung steht. Da die Druckerzeugungseinheit bzw. die Hochdruckpumpe von den Steuerzeiten der Gaswechselventile unabhängig ist, können mehrere Nocken auf einer Nockenscheibe angeordnet sein. Es können je nach Größe der Hubkolbenbrennkraftmaschine auch zwei getrennte Hochdruckpum- pen vorgesehen werden, die dann gemeinsam mit dem Hochdruckraum verbunden sind. Preferably, the high-pressure pump is designed as a single-piston pump whose ram is in operative connection with a plurality of cams of a cam disc of a camshaft. Since the pressure generating unit or the high-pressure pump is independent of the timing of the gas exchange valves, a plurality of cams can be arranged on a cam disc. Depending on the size of the reciprocating internal combustion engine, it is also possible to provide two separate high-pressure pumps, which are then connected together to the high-pressure chamber.
Die Hochdruckpumpe kann entweder direkt an die Ölpumpe der Hubkolbenbrennkraftmaschine angeschlossen werden oder es können die ölführenden Leitungen des Zylinderkopfes angezapft sein. Der Stempel ist vorzugsweise über eine Rolle mit den Nocken verbunden, so dass die Pumpe der Nockenge- ometrie leicht folgen und die Reibung am Kontakt gering gehalten werden kann. The high-pressure pump can either be connected directly to the oil pump of the reciprocating internal combustion engine or it can be tapped the oil-carrying lines of the cylinder head. The plunger is preferably connected to the cams via a roller, so that the pump of the cam mechanism ometrie follow easily and the friction at the contact can be kept low.
In weiterer Ausgestaltung der Erfindung wird vorgeschlagen, dass der als eine Baueinheit ausgebildete Hochdruckraum als Hochdruckspeicher ausgebildet ist, mit dem alle Schaltventile der Hubkolbenbrennkraftmaschine gemeinsam hydraulisch verbunden sind. Der entlang des Zylinderkopfs angeordnete Hochdruckspeicher ist vorzugsweise als sogenannter„common rail" Speicher ausgebildet, der entlang des Zylinderkopfes bez. der Gaswechselventile angeord- net ist. An den Hochdruckspeicher sind alle Schaltventile einzeln angebaut, so dass den Schaltventilen kontinuierlich hydraulische Druckflüssigkeit zur Verfügung steht. An die Schaltventile sind hydraulische Druckleitungen angeschlossen, die zu einer Gehäuseeinheit führen, die als dritte Baueinheit vorgesehen ist. In dieser Baueinheit sind hydraulische Bremsen mit Nehmereinheiten ein- gebaut. Die hydraulischen Abzweigungen, die von den Schaltventilen kommen, führen direkt zu den hydraulischen Bremsen mit Nehmereinheiten, die mit den Gasventilen in Wirkverbindung stehen. Soll nun eines der Gaswechselventile geöffnet werden, so wird an einem bestimmten Zeitpunkt eines der Schaltventile geöffnet, so dass letztlich eine Druckbeaufschlagung einer bestimmten Nehmereinheit erfolgt. Es können natürlich auch zwei getrennte Hochdruckabzweigungen von je einem Schaltventil ausgehen, um beispielsweise zwei Gaswechselventile, z.B. zwei Einlass- oder zwei Auslassventile, gleichzeitig zu öffnen. Die als Zwei-Wege-Schnellschaltventile ausgebildeten Schaltventile steuern also den Öffnungsbeginn zumindest eines Gaswechselventils und des- sen Hubhöhe. Danach wird das Schaltventil geschlossen. Das Ende des Ventilhubes wird durch das elektrisch angesteuerte hydraulische Absteuerventil bestimmt, das den Druckraum vor der/den Nehmereinheit(en) verschlossen hält oder mit einer Abströmleitung verbindet. Weiterhin ist an dem Hochdruckspeicher eine Druckspeicherkapsel angebaut, die Druckschwankungen im System ausgleicht. Auch ist ein Temperatursensor vorgesehen, der die Temperatur und damit die Viskosität der Hydraulikflüssigkeit ermittelt und als Steuergröße die Öffnungsdauer der Schaltventile bez. der Absteuerventile beeinflusst, da die durch die Ventile fließende Menge der hydraulischen Druckflüssigkeit von der Viskosität abhängig ist. In a further embodiment of the invention, it is proposed that the designed as a structural unit high-pressure chamber is designed as a high-pressure accumulator, with which all switching valves of the reciprocating internal combustion engine are connected together hydraulically. The high-pressure accumulator arranged along the cylinder head is preferably designed as a so-called "common rail" accumulator, which is arranged along the cylinder head with respect to the gas exchange valves All the switching valves are individually attached to the high-pressure accumulator so that hydraulic pressure fluid is continuously available to the switching valves. Hydraulic pressure lines are connected to the switching valves leading to a housing unit provided as a third unit, which incorporates hydraulic brakes with slave units, and the hydraulic branches coming from the selector valves, leading directly to the hydraulic brakes If one of the gas exchange valves is now to be opened, one of the switching valves is opened at a certain point in time, so that finally a pressure is applied to a specific receiver unit Of course, two separate Hochdruckabzweigungen emanate from one switching valve, for example, to open two gas exchange valves, for example, two intake or two exhaust valves simultaneously. The switching valves designed as two-way quick-acting valves therefore control the start of opening of at least one gas exchange valve and its lifting height. Thereafter, the switching valve is closed. The end of the valve lift is determined by the electrically controlled hydraulic shut-off valve, which keeps the pressure chamber in front of the receiver unit (s) closed or connects to an outflow line. Furthermore, an accumulator capsule is attached to the high-pressure accumulator, which compensates for pressure fluctuations in the system. Also, a temperature sensor is provided which determines the temperature and thus the viscosity of the hydraulic fluid and as a control variable, the opening duration of the switching valves bez. of the Absteuerventile influenced because the flowing through the valves amount of hydraulic pressure fluid is dependent on the viscosity.
Die vorgeschlagene vollvariable hydraulische Ventilsteuereinheit ist auch in der Bauausführung variabel, da der zentrale Hochdruckspeicher unabhängig von Steuerzeiten immer mit Druckflüssigkeit durch die Hydraulikpumpe beaufschlagt ist und das Öffnen und Schließen der Nehmereinheiten durch Schaltventile und Absteuerventile erfolgt, die wiederum nicht an einen Block gebunden sind, sondern beliebig angeordnet und über Druckleitungen verbunden werden können. The proposed fully variable hydraulic valve control unit is variable in construction, since the central high-pressure accumulator is always acted upon by hydraulic fluid regardless of timing with hydraulic fluid and the opening and closing of Nehmereinheiten done by switching valves and Absteuerventile, which in turn are not bound to a block, but arranged arbitrarily and can be connected via pressure lines.
Vom Druckspeicher aus können also beliebige Gaswechselventile oder alle Gaswechselventile einer Brennkraftmaschine gesteuert werden, da die Steuerung unabhängig von Nockenwellen oder sonstigen Einrichtungen der Brenn- kraftmaschine ist. From the pressure accumulator so any gas exchange valves or all gas exchange valves of an internal combustion engine can be controlled, since the control is independent of camshafts or other devices of the internal combustion engine.
Da vorzugsweise Motoröl für die Ventilsteuereinheit verwendet wird, in dem je nach Lastfall der Brennkraftmaschine verhältnismäßig viel Luft enthalten ist, wird erfindungsgemäß vorgeschlagen, entsprechende Entlüftungseinrichtungen vorzusehen. Since engine oil is preferably used for the valve control unit, in which, depending on the load situation of the internal combustion engine, a relatively large amount of air is contained, it is proposed according to the invention to provide corresponding ventilation devices.
Zu diesem Zweck ist beispielsweise am Hochdruckspeicher ein Schnellent- lüftungsventil angebaut. Der als „common rail ausgebildeter Hochdruckspeicher ist dabei so, z. B. schräg eingebaut, dass das Schnellschaltventil an höchster Stelle, vorzugsweise am höchsten Ende angeordnet ist, um eine sichere Entlüftung zu gewährleisten. For this purpose, for example, a quick-release valve is fitted to the high-pressure accumulator. The trained as a "common rail high-pressure accumulator is so, z. B. installed at an angle, that the quick-acting valve is located at the highest point, preferably at the highest end to ensure safe ventilation.
Weiterhin ist am Pumpenkopf der Hochdruckpumpe eine sehr kleine Bohrung angebracht, um frühzeitig das Öl zu entlüften. Furthermore, a very small bore is attached to the pump head of the high pressure pump to vent the oil early.
Kurze Beschreibung der Zeichnungen Zur weiteren Erläuterung der Erfindung wird auf die Zeichnungen verwiesen, in denen ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung vereinfacht dargestellt ist. Brief description of the drawings For further explanation of the invention reference is made to the drawings, in which an embodiment of the invention is shown in simplified form.
Es zeigen: eine Draufsicht auf eine vollvariable hydraulische Ventilsteuereinheit, 1 shows a plan view of a fully variable hydraulic valve control unit,
eine Seitenansicht einer Ventilsteuereinheit gemäß Figur 1 und einen Schnitt durch die Ventilsteuereinheit gemäß der Linie III-III in Figur 1 .  a side view of a valve control unit according to Figure 1 and a section through the valve control unit according to the line III-III in Figure 1.
Detaillierte Beschreibung der Zeichnungen Detailed description of the drawings
In den Figuren 1 bis 3 ist, soweit im Einzelnen dargestellt, mit 1 allgemein eine Hochdruckpumpe bezeichnet, die einen Stempel und einen Rollenstößel 2 aufweist, der mit mehreren Nocken einer Nockenscheibe 3 einer Nockenwelle in Wirkverbindung steht. Die Hochdruckpumpe 1 ist mittels eines Flansches 4 brenn kraftmaschinenfest angeordnet, so dass der mit dem Flansch 4 verbundene Pumpenkopf 5 feststehend ausgeführt ist. An dem Pumpenkopf 5 ist ein Zulaufstutzen 6 und ein Hochdruckstutzen 7 angebracht, wobei der Hochdruckstutzen 7 mittels einer Hochdruckleitung 8 mit einem Hochdruckspeicher 9 verbunden ist und diesen mittels hydraulischer Druckflüssigkeit versorgt. Der Hochdruckspeicher 9 ist als zylindrisches Druckrohr ausgebildet und entspricht damit einem„common rail" bei Einspritzanlagen. Am Hochdruckspeicher 9 ist eine Druckspeicherkapsel 10 angebaut, die Druckschwankungen im System ausgleicht. An den Hochdruckspeicher 9 sind elektrisch bzw. elektromagnetisch angesteuerte hydraulische Schaltventile 1 1 angebaut, die eine Sperrung oder einen Durchlass steuern. An den Schaltventile 1 1 sind Hochdruckabzweigungen 12 angebaut, die zu einer Gehäuseeinheit 13 führen. Die Gehäuseein- heit ist der Lage und Anzahl einer Reihe von Gaswechselventilen der Hubkol- benbrennkraftmaschine angepasst, so dass verschiedenartige Gehäuseeinheiten zur Verfügung gestellt werden können, die für verschiedenartige Anzahlen von Gaswechselventilen der Hubkolbenbrennkraftmaschine ausgebildet sind und auch berücksichtigen, ob nur ein oder mehrere Einlass- oder Auslassventile pro Zylinder der Hubkolbenbrennkraftmaschine vorgesehen sind. Die Gehäuseeinheit kann auch beliebig aufgeteilt und letztlich so aufgeteilt sein, dass an jedem Gaswechselventil eine kleine Einheit vorgesehen ist, da das System voll variabel ist. In FIGS. 1 to 3, as far as shown in detail, 1 generally designates a high-pressure pump which has a punch and a roller tappet 2 which is in operative connection with a plurality of cams of a cam disk 3 of a camshaft. The high-pressure pump 1 is arranged by means of a flange 4 Brennkraftmaschinenfest, so that the connected to the flange 4 pump head 5 is fixed. On the pump head 5 an inlet nozzle 6 and a high-pressure nozzle 7 is mounted, wherein the high-pressure nozzle 7 is connected by means of a high-pressure line 8 with a high-pressure accumulator 9 and supplies it by means of hydraulic pressure fluid. The high-pressure accumulator 9 is designed as a cylindrical pressure tube and thus corresponds to a "common rail" in injection systems A pressure accumulator capsule 10 which compensates for pressure fluctuations in the system is mounted on the high-pressure accumulator 9. Electrically or electromagnetically actuated hydraulic switching valves 11 are attached to the high-pressure accumulator 9. High pressure branches 12 are attached to the switching valves 11 and lead to a housing unit 13. The housing unit is adapted to the position and number of a number of gas exchange valves of the reciprocating internal combustion engine, so that various housing units are available can be made, which are designed for different numbers of gas exchange valves of reciprocating internal combustion engine and also consider whether only one or more intake or exhaust valves are provided per cylinder of the reciprocating internal combustion engine. The housing unit can also be arbitrarily divided and ultimately divided so that a small unit is provided at each gas exchange valve, since the system is fully variable.
Zweckmäßigerweise ist pro Gaswechselventil eine hydraulische Bremse 13a mit Nehmereinheit 13b in der Gehäuseeinheit 13 eingebaut. Es ist aber auch vorstellbar, dass eine Nehmereinheit 13b für mehrere Gaswechselventile aus- gebildet ist und z.B. über eine Brücke diese betätigt. Conveniently, a hydraulic brake 13a with slave unit 13b is installed in the housing unit 13 per gas exchange valve. However, it is also conceivable for a slave unit 13b to be designed for a plurality of gas exchange valves and to be used e.g. this is operated via a bridge.
An die Gehäuseeinheit 13 angebaut sind ebenfalls elektrisch oder elektromagnetisch angesteuerte hydraulische Absteuerventile 14, die ebenfalls als Zwei- Wege-Schnellschaltventile ausgebildet sind und die Druckräume der hydrauli- sehen Bremsen 13a und Nehmereinheiten 13b in dem Sinne beherrschen, dass sie entweder die Druckräume abschließen oder diese mit Abströmleitungen verbinden. Die Abströmleitungen führen in den Freiraum am Zylinderkopf der Hubkolbenbrennkraftmaschine. Da über die Hochdruckpumpe 1 immer hinreichender Druck im Hochdruckspeicher 9 vorhanden ist, erfolgt das Öffnen des oder der jeweiligen Gaswechselventile durch Öffnen der Schaltventile 1 1 an dem für die Hubkolbenbrennkraftmaschine vorgesehenen Zeitpunkt, wobei die Öffnungszeit der Schaltventile 1 1 die Hubhöhe bestimmt. Danach wird in Anpassung an die jeweilige Schließzeit des oder der Gaswechselventile das oder die Absteuerventile 14 angesteuert, so dass diese den Druckraum der hydraulischen Bremsen 13a und Nehmereinheiten 13b öffnen und durch Abströmen der Druckflüssigkeit das oder die jeweilige Gaswechselventile schließen. Die Einzelheiten der hydraulischen Bremsen 13a mit Nehmereinheiten 13b werden hier nicht im Einzelnen beschrieben, da sie in der zum Stand der Technik genannten Ventilsteuereinheit bereits benutzt werden. Bezugszeichenliste To the housing unit 13 are also electrically or electromagnetically controlled hydraulic shut-off valves 14, which are also designed as two-way quick-acting valves and the pressure chambers of the hydraulic brakes 13a and slave units 13b dominate in the sense that they either complete the pressure chambers or this connect with discharge lines. The discharge lines lead into the free space on the cylinder head of the reciprocating internal combustion engine. Since over the high-pressure pump 1 always sufficient pressure in the high-pressure accumulator 9 is present, the opening of the or the respective gas exchange valves by opening the switching valves 1 1 takes place at the time scheduled for the reciprocating internal combustion engine, the opening time of the switching valves 1 1 determines the lifting height. Thereafter, the or the Absteuerventile 14 is controlled in adaptation to the respective closing time of the gas exchange valves or the 14 so that they open the pressure chamber of the hydraulic brakes 13a and slave units 13b and close by discharging the hydraulic fluid or the respective gas exchange valves. The details of the hydraulic brakes 13a with slave units 13b will not be described in detail here, since they are already used in the prior art valve control unit. LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS
1 Hochdruckpumpe 1 high pressure pump
2 Rollenstößel  2 roller tappets
3 Nockenscheibe  3 cam disc
4 Flansch  4 flange
5 Pumpen köpf  5 pumps head
6 Zulaufstutzen  6 inlet nozzles
7 Hochdruckstutzen  7 high-pressure nozzles
8 Hochdruckleitung  8 high pressure line
9 Hochdruckspeicher  9 high-pressure accumulator
10 Druckspeicherkapsel  10 accumulator capsule
1 1 Schaltventile  1 1 switching valves
12 Hochdruckabzweigungen  12 high-pressure branches
13 Gehäuseeinheit  13 housing unit
13a hydraulische Bremse  13a hydraulic brake
13b Nehmereinheit  13b receiver unit
14 Absteuerventile  14 shut-off valves

Claims

Patentansprüche claims
1 . Vollvariable hydraulische Ventilsteuereinheit für Gaswechselventile von Hubkolbenbrennkraftmaschinen, insbesondere mehrzylindrischen Maschinen, mit zumindest einer von der Brennkraftmaschine angetriebenen Druckerzeugungseinheit, 1 . Fully variable hydraulic valve control unit for gas exchange valves of reciprocating internal combustion engines, in particular multi-cylinder engines, with at least one pressure generating unit driven by the internal combustion engine,
mit zumindest einer hydraulischen Bremse 13a mit Nehmereinheit 13b zum Steuern der Gaswechselventile, with at least one hydraulic brake 13a with slave unit 13b for controlling the gas exchange valves,
mit zumindest einem, vorzugsweise elektrisch angesteuerten hydraulischen Schaltventil (1 1 ), with at least one, preferably electrically controlled hydraulic switching valve (1 1),
mit zumindest einem Hochdruckraum, der mit der Druckerzeugungseinheit in Wirkverbindung steht, und with at least one high-pressure chamber, which is in operative connection with the pressure generating unit, and
mit einer Gehäuseeinheit (13), die mit einem Zylinderkopf der Hubkolben- brennkraftmaschine verbindbar ist und die hydraulischen Bremsen 13a und Nehmereinheiten 13b aufnimmt, a housing unit (13) which is connectable to a cylinder head of the reciprocating internal combustion engine and receives the hydraulic brakes 13a and slave units 13b,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Ventilsteuereinheit drei unabhängige Baueinheiten aufweist, die je nach Anforderungen der Hubkolbenbrenn- kraftmaschine modifizierbar und kombinierbar sind, und characterized in that the valve control unit has three independent units, which can be modified and combined depending on the requirements of Hubkolbenbrenn-, and
dass die als eine Baueinheit ausgebildete Druckerzeugungseinheit als zumin- dest eine von den Steuerzeiten der Gaswechselventile unabhängig angesteuerte Hochdruckpumpe (1 ) ausgebildet ist, die mittels einer Hochdruckleitung (8) mit dem Hochdruckraum verbunden ist. in that the pressure generating unit designed as a structural unit is designed as at least one high pressure pump (1) which is independently controlled by the control times of the gas exchange valves and which is connected to the high pressure chamber by means of a high pressure line (8).
2. Vollvariable hydraulische Ventilsteuereinheit nach Anspruch 1 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der als eine Baueinheit ausgebildete Hochdruckraum als Hochdruckspeicher (9) ausgebildet ist, mit dem alle Schaltventile (1 1 ) der Hubkolbenbrennkraftmaschine gemeinsam hydraulisch verbunden sind. 2. Fully variable hydraulic valve control unit according to claim 1, characterized in that formed as a structural unit high-pressure chamber is designed as a high-pressure accumulator (9), with which all switching valves (1 1) of the reciprocating internal combustion engine are jointly connected hydraulically.
3. Vollvariable hydraulische Ventilsteuereinheit nach Anspruch 1 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die als eine Baueinheit ausgebildete Gehäuseeinheit (13) hydraulische Bremsen (13a) und Nehmereinheiten (13b) sowie, vorzugsweise elektrisch angesteuerte hydraulische Absteuerventile (14) aufweist. 3. Fully variable hydraulic valve control unit according to claim 1, characterized in that formed as a structural unit housing unit (13) hydraulic brakes (13a) and Nehmereinheiten (13b) and, preferably electrically controlled hydraulic Absteuerventile (14).
4. Vollvariable hydraulische Ventilsteuereinheit nach Anspruch 1 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Hochdruckpumpe (1 ) einen Stempel aufweist, der kontinuierlich über einen Rollenstößel (2) mit mehreren Nocken einer Nocken- Scheibe (3) einer Nockenwelle in Wirkverbindung steht. 4. Fully variable hydraulic valve control unit according to claim 1, characterized in that the high pressure pump (1) has a punch which is continuously connected via a roller tappet (2) with a plurality of cams of a cam disc (3) of a camshaft in operative connection.
5. Vollvariable hydraulische Ventilsteuereinheit nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Schaltventile (1 1 ) als Zwei-Wege- Schnellschaltventile ausgebildet sind, die dem Hubbeginn und der Hubhöhe der Gaswechselventile der Hubkolbenbrennkraftmaschine zugeordnet sind und die hydraulischen Bremsen (13a) und Nehmereinheiten (13b) dabei direkt beaufschlagen. 5. Fully variable hydraulic valve control unit according to claim 2, characterized in that the switching valves (1 1) are designed as two-way quick-acting valves, which are associated with the stroke start and the lifting height of the gas exchange valves of the reciprocating internal combustion engine and the hydraulic brakes (13a) and Nehmereinheiten ( 13b) apply directly.
6. Vollvariable hydraulische Ventilsteuereinheit nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die als Zwei-Wege-Schnellschaltventile ausgebildeten6. Fully variable hydraulic valve control unit according to claim 3, characterized in that designed as two-way quick-acting valves
Absteuerventile (14) eine Verbindung des Druckraumes der hydraulischen Bremsen (13a) und Nehmereinheiten (13b) mit einer Abströmleitung beherrschen. Absteuerventile (14) control a connection of the pressure chamber of the hydraulic brakes (13a) and Nehmereinheiten (13b) with a discharge line.
7. Vollvariable hydraulische Ventilsteuereinheit nach einem der vorherigen Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass am Hochdruckspeicher (9) eine Druckspeicherkapsel (10) angebaut ist, die Druckschwankungen im System ausgleicht. 7. Fully variable hydraulic valve control unit according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the high-pressure accumulator (9) a pressure accumulator capsule (10) is mounted, which compensates for pressure fluctuations in the system.
8. Vollvariable hydraulische Ventilsteuereinheit nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass am Hochdruckspeicher (9) ein Temperatursensor angebaut ist, der temperatur-/viskositätsabhängig den Öffnungsbeginn und/oder die Öffnungsdauer der Schaltventile (1 1 ) und/oder Absteuerventile (14) beherrscht. 8. Fully variable hydraulic valve control unit according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the high-pressure accumulator (9) a temperature sensor is attached, the temperature / viscosity-dependent opening the opening and / or the opening duration of the switching valves (1 1) and / or Absteuerventile (14) controlled.
PCT/EP2013/050201 2012-01-12 2013-01-08 Fully variable hydraulic valve control unit for gas exchange valves of reciprocating piston internal combustion engines, in particular multi-cylinder engines WO2013104612A1 (en)

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JPH0726923A (en) * 1993-07-07 1995-01-27 Zexel Corp Valve control device for internal combustion engine
WO1997006355A1 (en) * 1995-08-08 1997-02-20 Diesel Engine Retarders, Inc. Internal combustion engines with combined cam and electro-hydraulic engine valve control
WO2001020150A1 (en) * 1999-09-17 2001-03-22 Diesel Engine Retarders, Inc. Captive volume accumulator for a lost motion system
DE102006008676A1 (en) * 2006-02-24 2007-08-30 Schaeffler Kg Cylinder head for internal combustion engine of vehicle, has filling device for initial filling of pressure discharge chamber and/or pressure chamber with hydraulic medium, where device is formed at housing
EP1832722A2 (en) * 2006-03-06 2007-09-12 Delphi Technologies, Inc. Valve lash adjuster having electro-hydraulic lost-motion capability
EP2226477A1 (en) * 2009-03-05 2010-09-08 Schaeffler Technologies AG & Co. KG Hydraulic unit for a cylinder head of a combustion engine with hydraulically variable gas exchange valve drive
DE102009011983A1 (en) 2009-03-05 2010-09-09 Schaeffler Technologies Gmbh & Co. Kg Hydraulic unit for a cylinder head of an internal combustion engine with hydraulically variable gas exchange valve drive
US20100326384A1 (en) * 2009-06-30 2010-12-30 Francesco Vattaneo Electronically controlled hydraulic system for variable actuation of the valves of an internal combustion engine, with fast filling of the high pressure side of the system
DE102009043649A1 (en) * 2009-09-29 2011-03-31 Schaeffler Technologies Gmbh & Co. Kg Hydraulic valve train for use in cylinder head for stroke variable actuation of charge-cycle-valve in internal combustion engine, has valve cap running within cylinder section and axially supported towards base section using fixation units
EP2381075A2 (en) * 2010-04-26 2011-10-26 Schaeffler Technologies AG & Co. KG Hydraulic unit for a cylinder head of a combustion engine with hydraulically variable gas exchange valve drive

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