WO2013104179A1 - 腹腔镜手术单切口密封装置 - Google Patents

腹腔镜手术单切口密封装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2013104179A1
WO2013104179A1 PCT/CN2012/078338 CN2012078338W WO2013104179A1 WO 2013104179 A1 WO2013104179 A1 WO 2013104179A1 CN 2012078338 W CN2012078338 W CN 2012078338W WO 2013104179 A1 WO2013104179 A1 WO 2013104179A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
hole
sleeve
sealing
wall
laparoscopic
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2012/078338
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
王小军
Original Assignee
Wang Xiaojun
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from CN2012200122113U external-priority patent/CN202458655U/zh
Priority claimed from CN201210163089.4A external-priority patent/CN102727262B/zh
Application filed by Wang Xiaojun filed Critical Wang Xiaojun
Priority to US14/370,363 priority Critical patent/US9393003B2/en
Publication of WO2013104179A1 publication Critical patent/WO2013104179A1/zh

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Classifications

    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/0057Implements for plugging an opening in the wall of a hollow or tubular organ, e.g. for sealing a vessel puncture or closing a cardiac septal defect
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/34Trocars; Puncturing needles
    • A61B17/3417Details of tips or shafts, e.g. grooves, expandable, bendable; Multiple coaxial sliding cannulas, e.g. for dilating
    • A61B17/3421Cannulas
    • A61B17/3423Access ports, e.g. toroid shape introducers for instruments or hands
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/0057Implements for plugging an opening in the wall of a hollow or tubular organ, e.g. for sealing a vessel puncture or closing a cardiac septal defect
    • A61B2017/00575Implements for plugging an opening in the wall of a hollow or tubular organ, e.g. for sealing a vessel puncture or closing a cardiac septal defect for closure at remote site, e.g. closing atrial septum defects
    • A61B2017/00592Elastic or resilient implements
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/0057Implements for plugging an opening in the wall of a hollow or tubular organ, e.g. for sealing a vessel puncture or closing a cardiac septal defect
    • A61B2017/00575Implements for plugging an opening in the wall of a hollow or tubular organ, e.g. for sealing a vessel puncture or closing a cardiac septal defect for closure at remote site, e.g. closing atrial septum defects
    • A61B2017/00606Implements H-shaped in cross-section, i.e. with occluders on both sides of the opening
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/0057Implements for plugging an opening in the wall of a hollow or tubular organ, e.g. for sealing a vessel puncture or closing a cardiac septal defect
    • A61B2017/00575Implements for plugging an opening in the wall of a hollow or tubular organ, e.g. for sealing a vessel puncture or closing a cardiac septal defect for closure at remote site, e.g. closing atrial septum defects
    • A61B2017/00632Occluding a cavity, i.e. closing a blind opening
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/34Trocars; Puncturing needles
    • A61B17/3462Trocars; Puncturing needles with means for changing the diameter or the orientation of the entrance port of the cannula, e.g. for use with different-sized instruments, reduction ports, adapter seals
    • A61B2017/3466Trocars; Puncturing needles with means for changing the diameter or the orientation of the entrance port of the cannula, e.g. for use with different-sized instruments, reduction ports, adapter seals for simultaneous sealing of multiple instruments

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a sealing device for laparoscopic surgery, and more particularly to a single-incision sealing device for laparoscopic surgery that is common to a variety of instruments.
  • Minimally invasive surgery represented by laparoscopic surgery, has undergone three stages in its development in the country: In the early 1990s, the resection and functional repair of benign lesions, mainly laparoscopic cholecystectomy, began in the late 1990s. The resection of malignant tumors of the gastrointestinal tract was carried out. At the beginning of the 21st century, the era of rapid development and popularization of minimally invasive surgery for digestive tract tumors began. Surgery has undergone a transition from traditional open surgery to laparoscopic surgery known as the "second revolution.” In recent years, it has undergone a transition from porous laparoscopic surgery to single-port laparoscopic surgery to natural lumens. The evolution of the surface-free scarless surgery under the microscope.
  • the umbilical surgical approach generally uses an incision such as an umbilical ring under the umbilicus, the umbilicus, or even the longitudinal.
  • an incision such as an umbilical ring under the umbilicus, the umbilicus, or even the longitudinal.
  • the disadvantage is that the incision is relatively large, there is interference between the surgical instruments, and the operation is inconvenient.
  • 2 Connect the Trocars of different sizes, or simply place the desired Tr 0 car in the same incision.
  • the shortcomings are extremely leaky and very disturbing. Conventional laparoscopic instruments can be used for clinical development, but the operation is inconvenient.
  • the closure of this structure is formed by a soft sleeve inflation extrusion forming a sealing structure around the slit and the liner ring, but the soft sleeve bulging seal is not reliable, and the other end of the soft sleeve is poorly sealed and easily leaks, which causes a soft sleeve.
  • the pressure inside can not be inflated, so that the pressing force around the soft sleeve and the incision becomes smaller, causing air leakage around the incision, which affects the operation.
  • the invention solves the defects of using the tubular stapler in the laparoscopic surgery in the prior art, which is easy to cause air leakage and inconvenient operation, and provides a single-incision sealing device for laparoscopic surgery which is convenient to use and can effectively seal and prevent leakage of the abdominal cavity. .
  • the invention also solves the defects in the prior art that the laparoscopic surgery has a large wound, which brings a large wound to the patient, and provides a hole for collecting various holes required for a plurality of surgical tools, and reduces the abdominal cavity of the wound.
  • Mirror surgery single incision sealing device
  • the invention also solves the defects that the plurality of laparoscopic instruments enter the abdominal cavity through a plurality of operation holes in the prior art, resulting in a large wound, providing a multi-channel and multi-channel and can be widely used in the abdominal cavity of various single-hole laparoscopic operations.
  • a single-incision sealing device for laparoscopic surgery comprising an operation panel with a plurality of sealed operation holes at the top, a suitable elasticity at the bottom and matching with the abdominal wall cutout of the human body
  • the sleeve and the soft connecting portion connecting the operation panel and the sleeve, the outer circumference of the upper end of the sleeve and the soft connecting portion is provided with a symmetrical ear seat, the through hole is provided with a through hole in the middle of the ear seat, and the outer circumference of the lower end of the sleeve is provided with a ring block
  • the ring, the upper surface of the retaining ring is provided with a convex clamping portion at a position corresponding to the ear seat.
  • the sleeve is inserted into the incision of the abdominal wall, the sleeve has suitable elasticity, and is inserted before being inserted into the incision.
  • the shape is reduced, and the seal is formed by pressing the periphery of the slit under the action of the restoring force; the sleeve is elastically deformable, and medical polyurethane is also used in medical use (medical silicone can also be used), when inserted, the sleeve and The retaining ring is squeezed and deformed, and is inserted from the incision.
  • the sleeve and the retaining ring return to the original shape, and the retaining ring adheres to the inner wall of the abdominal cavity to form a blocking structure to prevent the sleeve from coming out; the ear seat and the clamping portion
  • the main purpose is to facilitate the clamping of the sleeve by the pliers to deform the sleeve.
  • the clamping portion is convenient for clamping the end of the pliers.
  • the through hole is provided on the ear seat, mainly for positioning the pliers, and at the same time, the pressing force of the pliers is Acting on the sleeve, the sleeve is squeezed and deformed completely;
  • the operation panel is provided with a plurality of operation holes, which can be drilled into multiple instruments at the same time to form a multi-channel structure, reduce the incision in the abdominal wall portion, and reduce the wound.
  • the middle part of the soft joint is a spherical structure, and the ends of the soft joint are circular holes, the ball
  • the diameter of the circular hole is larger than the diameter of the circular hole at both ends of the soft connecting portion;
  • the middle portion of the soft connecting portion is expanded into a spherical shape, so that the intermediate soft joint portion of the natural state or the pneumoperitone state is slightly drummed outward, which can reduce the possibility of the instrument scratching the intermediate portion.
  • the operation panel will rotate clockwise or counterclockwise around the axis within a certain range.
  • the middle of the soft joint is swollen to facilitate the axial rotation of the operation panel, and the middle portion of the rotation can still retain a certain space;
  • the inner diameter of the barrel has sufficient operating space for the laparoscope and two other commonly used instruments to enter the abdominal cavity through the sleeve, and the laparoscopic freeness around the stomach is completed with the cooperation of other operating holes, and the laparoscope is further moved to other After operating the hole, the device can enter the tubular anastomosis with a diameter of 25mm to achieve the gastrointestinal end-to-side anastomosis.
  • the abdominal abdomen sealing device can also be temporarily withdrawn at an appropriate time.
  • the abdominal wall operation hole is guided by the laparoscopic illumination, and the laparoscopic operation is performed. Straight-cutting closures can save consumables by disconnecting specimens.
  • the portion of the sleeve that is connected to the soft connecting portion is provided with a tensioning device for fixing the sleeve or for removing the sleeve, and the tensioning device is a medical braided rope or a silicone elastic band.
  • the tensioning device acts as a tensioning and fixing action when the sleeve is inserted into the inside of the abdominal incision, preventing the sleeve from continuing to extend into the abdominal cavity, At the same time, when the sleeve is withdrawn as a force-applying component, especially when the thickness of the abdominal wall is greater than the height of the sleeve, only the tensioning device is exposed at this time, so that the sleeve can be withdrawn; the tensioning device can also be used with other medical devices.
  • the component that transmits force is used with other medical devices.
  • the middle portion of the sleeve is a cylindrical body matched with the wound of the abdominal wall, the plane of the retaining ring is perpendicular to the axis of the cylindrical body, the ear seat is parallel with the retaining ring, and the clamping portion on the ear seat and the retaining ring is in the sleeve The same axial direction of the barrel.
  • two pliers are used, one pliers corresponding to one clamping portion, one leg of the pliers is inserted from the through hole of the ear seat, and the other leg of the pliers passes from the outside of the ear seat and is clamped The holding part is clamped together.
  • the height of the sleeve is 35-45 ⁇
  • the inner diameter of the cylindrical body of the sleeve is divided into 32 mm, 25 mm and 20 mm according to the surgical specifications;
  • the width of the retaining ring in the radial direction is 8-12 mm;
  • the cylindrical body is perpendicular to the clamping portion
  • the thickness of the two side walls is smaller than the thickness of the side wall of the cylindrical body where the clamping portion is located.
  • the width of the retaining ring should be suitable for the insertion of the end of the sleeve into the slit, and the sleeve can be prevented from withdrawing after the restoration; in order to facilitate the insertion of the sleeve into the slit, the side wall of the cylindrical body has a thin portion, which is convenient for deformation. At the same time, it is convenient to use two pliers to force.
  • the clamping portion is H-shaped, the side cross-sectional shape of the clamping portion is wedge-shaped, the side with the large wedge-shaped height is at the outer wall of the sleeve, and the middle cross-section of the H-shaped portion of the clamping portion is corresponding to the line of the corresponding diameter. vertical.
  • the clamping portion has a wedge shape, which can strengthen the retaining ring and prevent the sleeve from withdrawing due to insufficient blocking force; the clamping portion can also have other shapes such as a groove shape or a cross shape.
  • a slope transition is formed between the two sides of the clamping portion and the upper surface of the retaining ring.
  • the bevel transition prevents a high degree of abrupt change, causing a leak in the inner wall of the abdominal cavity.
  • the clamping portion has a shape, and the clamping portion is perpendicular to the diameter of the retaining ring, and the two ends of the clamping portion are smoothly transitioned with the upper surface of the retaining ring.
  • a smooth transition can be a bevel transition or a curved transition.
  • the operation panel comprises an outer casing with an inner hole, a cylinder connected to the inner hole of the outer casing and a sealing member disposed inside the cylinder; the end surface of the outer casing is provided with a crimping edge extending toward the inner hole axis, and the sealing edge presses the sealing component.
  • the crimping on the end face of the outer casing presses the sealing member mainly against the periphery of the sealing member, thereby preventing air leakage around the sealing member.
  • the cylinder axis portion is provided with a recessed hole, and the sealing member is placed in the recessed hole in a multi-layered superposition structure;
  • the sealing member is a panel, a sealing cap and a obturator in order from the outer end of the operation panel,
  • the hole is arranged on the sealing member and communicates with the entire operation panel; an air inlet three-way switch is arranged on the operation panel according to the needs of the operation.
  • the sealing member has a multi-layer superimposed structure, which can function as a seal, especially for the periphery of the operation hole;
  • the obturator and the sealing cap are made of silica gel and have elasticity, and if it is squeezed, a seal is formed;
  • the panel is made of plastic with hardness, which is convenient for connection and fixation;
  • the air inlet three-way switch is connected to the air-belt tube, and the gas is injected into the abdominal cavity through the pneumoperitoneum.
  • the obturator is provided with an elastic sealing film at the operation hole, and a small hole is arranged in the middle of the sealing film, the diameter of the small hole is smaller than the diameter of the corresponding operating instrument, and the inner side of the sealing film is provided with the closed state in the closed state.
  • the flap When the instrument is inserted into the operation hole, the sealing film tightly wraps the instrument to prevent gas from leaking from the periphery of the instrument. When the instrument exits the operation hole, the valve is closed to prevent air leakage.
  • the bottom of the recessed hole of the cylinder is a support portion integral with the column body, and the support portion is provided with a corresponding operation hole, the closed hole device is disposed on the support portion, and the sealing film of the closed hole device is inserted into the operation hole of the support portion
  • a hard plastic plate is added between the obturator and the sealing cap.
  • the periphery of the operating hole on both surfaces of the hard plastic plate is provided with a convex ring, and the outer periphery of the hard plastic plate is provided with a convex edge, a convex ring, a sealing cap and a closed hole.
  • a sealing structure is formed between the flanges, and a sealing structure is formed between the flange and the sealing cap and the obturator.
  • the support portion is used to support the sealing member, and the support portion and the crimping edge of the outer casing cooperate to fix the sealing member;
  • the panel, the sealing cap and the obturator are both flexible, It is easy to deform, and the addition of the hard plastic plate can prevent the deformation amount from being excessive;
  • the convex ring and the convex edge of the hard plastic plate are for pressing and sealing the periphery of the operation hole and the periphery of the sealing member.
  • the single-incision sealing device for laparoscopic surgery wherein the panel, the sealing cap, the hard plastic plate and the obturator are respectively provided with connecting holes, and the supporting portion is provided with a jack corresponding to the connecting hole, and the plug is inserted
  • the inner wall of the hole is provided with a wedge-shaped retaining portion; the surface of the panel is covered with a cover plate, and the cover plate is provided with a corresponding operation hole, and the back surface of the cover plate is provided with a vertical insertion rod, and the end portion of the insertion rod is matched with the stop portion
  • the wedge-shaped head has a wedge-shaped head exiting gap between the plunger and the socket.
  • the plunger passes through the connecting hole, and the end of the plunger is inserted into the jack, and the wedge head cooperates with the stopping portion to form an inverted buckle to prevent the cover from being detached at random; the plunger cooperates with the socket, so that the cover can The gap around the operating hole is pressed tight to prevent air leakage; a wedge-shaped head exiting gap is left between the plunger and the socket, so that the wedge head can rotate in the socket, separating the root of the plunger from the cover plate, and inserting the rod By turning 180 °, the wedge head can be separated from the retaining portion, thereby withdrawing the plunger from the socket, so that the layers of the sealing member can be disassembled.
  • the outer casing has a triangular structure, and the three corners of the triangle are provided with vertical connecting columns, and the outer circumference of the cylinder is provided with a vertical groove corresponding to the thickness of the connecting column and the connecting column at the position corresponding to the connecting column
  • the height of the matching transverse groove, the transverse groove is curved with respect to the end surface of the outer casing, and the shorter end of the transverse end is connected with the bottom of the vertical groove, and the other end of the transverse groove is parallel with the end surface of the outer casing, parallel
  • a limit projection of the connecting post is provided at the transition from the segment to the curved portion.
  • the connecting post on the outer casing cooperates with the vertical groove and the horizontal groove to complete the locking, the connecting column of the outer casing is first inserted into the vertical groove, and then rotated by an angle, the connecting column is turned to the horizontal position of the horizontal groove, in the process, the outer casing The crimping gradually presses the seal and is finally connected to the cylinder.
  • one of the operating holes on the operation panel can be placed in the hose, and the hose is connected with a three-way switch, and the end of the hose is connected with a clamping portion of suitable strength.
  • the hose can pass the three-way switch It realizes the function of exhausting, blood sucking and flushing, so it can save the operation time without frequent replacement of the instrument.
  • the hose is placed near the operating area during operation, the smoke exhausting effect is better, the hose end clamping part has suitable strength, and the laparoscopic instrument clip When the hose end is held to the target position, the lumen will not be completely clamped, and the instrument can be completely clamped with a little force to avoid a sudden drop in the abdominal cavity pressure caused by continuous suction.
  • the operation panel comprises a panel body, the operation hole penetrates the entire panel body, the diameter of the operation hole is the same, the inner wall of the operation hole is provided with an internal thread, and the operation hole is screwed with a conversion fitting with a small diameter hole or no hole
  • the conversion fitting comprises a rigid circular outer casing, the outer wall of the outer casing is provided with an external thread matching the internal thread of the inner wall of the operation hole, the inner inner wall of the outer hole is fixed, and the soft inner wall extends toward the center and leaves a small diameter hole at the center;
  • the closure fitting includes a rigid circular outer casing that is closed at one end, and the outer wall of the outer casing is provided with external threads that match the internal threads of the inner wall of the operating hole.
  • the operation holes on the panel body have the same diameter, which simplifies the structure of the panel body, and simplifies the mold for manufacturing the panel body, thereby reducing the cost; the panel body is matched with different conversion fittings, and is converted into holes of different diameters to adapt to different sizes.
  • the sealing of the device is required; during operation, the device directly contacts the inner wall of the conversion fitting and does not contact the panel body, which reduces the possibility of damage to the panel body by the instrument, ensures the safety of the panel body, and only needs to be replaced.
  • operating holes can be used to accommodate the largest instrument aperture, or larger than the required maximum aperture, and converted from the conversion fitting to the largest required aperture; closed fittings used to close the operating hole, prevent The undesired operation hole is not sealed, causing leakage of the abdominal cavity. Especially after repeated use, the internal leakage prevention valve is damaged, and the channel will leak when it is open. When the instrument enters, there will be no air leakage, and the closed fitting will be closed and extended.
  • the outer casing is hard to improve the strength of the screw joint, generally adopting medical plastic
  • the inner wall is made of soft material to increase the deformation ability
  • the small diameter hole is adapted to the needs of different instruments, and the diameter of the small diameter hole of the general conversion accessory satisfies the device of 5-8 mm diameter.
  • the thickness of the soft inner wall gradually decreases from the outer circumference toward the center, and the diameter of the small diameter hole is set according to the use instrument and is smaller than the aperture required for the instrument to be used.
  • the soft inner wall is thin in the middle and thick on both sides, which is not easily damaged by the instrument, and at the same time, it can ensure the flexibility without being affected by the hard wall as the instrument changes direction.
  • the periphery of the small diameter hole in the soft inner wall is provided with a folded loop, and a small hole is left in the middle of the loop, and the aperture of the small hole is smaller than the diameter of the small diameter hole.
  • the folded loop forms a tapered structure, and the direction of the fold is away from the port portion of the operation hole.
  • the panel body has a truncated cone shape, and the small diameter end of the circular table is provided with a working channel of the instrument, and the operating hole is in communication with the working channel; the operating hole is provided with a sealing flap at an end position inside the panel body, and a sealing valve is left in the middle of the sealing valve Opening and closing.
  • the working channel is set to shorten the depth of the operating hole, thereby preventing interference with the inner wall of the operating hole during the rotation of the instrument; the operating hole is used as the largest instrument access channel, and the sealing valve is the only sealing component when no instrument enters the operating hole.
  • the conversion fitting is arranged in the hole, and the ring is provided as the first seal on the conversion fitting, and the sealing effect is obtained when the instrument enters the passage, and the sealing effect is good.
  • the end of the outer casing is provided with a rotary contact portion which is a plurality of cylinders projecting from the end faces of the outer casing or circular holes recessed into the end faces of the outer casing.
  • the rotating contact portion facilitates the rotation of the conversion fitting in the operation hole, and is mainly used for loading and unloading of the conversion fitting or the closing fitting; the rotating contact portion may be in other forms, such as a butterfly button, or extending the protruding end to increase the position of the knob.
  • both ends of the soft connecting portion are provided with clamping rings protruding toward the center line, and the clamping ring has an arc surface on one side of the soft connecting portion, and the opposite side of the two clamping rings is a vertical center line.
  • Straight edge; the outer periphery of the lower end of the operation panel and the upper end of the sleeve are provided with recessed clamping grooves, the shape of the clamping groove and the soft connection.
  • the clamping ring protrudes, the clamping groove is recessed, just fits each other, the soft connecting part has elasticity, and the sealing can be realized after the matching; the curved surface facilitates the clamping ring to be inserted into the tightening groove, and the straight edge just blocks the soft connecting part from exiting, preventing slippage The accident.
  • the beneficial effects of the invention are: the sleeve is inserted into the wound of the abdominal wall, the retaining ring is inside the abdominal cavity, the soft connecting part is outside the abdominal cavity, the retaining ring acts as a blocking function, prevents the sleeve from coming out of the wound, and the tensioning device fixes the sleeve
  • the elastic force generated by the sleeve presses against the wall of the wound to seal; the operation panel can make a small range of steering around the soft joint to facilitate the operation of the instrument, and the seal in the operation hole can prevent the abdominal cavity from leaking;
  • the superimposed structure has good sealing performance;
  • the operation panel has a plurality of operation holes, and the instrument can extend into the abdominal cavity through the operation hole, thereby reducing the wound of the abdominal cavity, and having a multi-channel structure, which is convenient for surgery and saves the operation cost;
  • Figure 1 is a schematic view showing the structure of the present invention
  • Figure 2 is a schematic exploded view of the present invention
  • Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view of the present invention.
  • Figure 4 is a schematic view showing the connection of a casing of the present invention.
  • Figure 5 is a schematic structural view of a closed obturator of the present invention.
  • Figure 6 is a schematic structural view of a hard plastic plate of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic view showing the connection of a plunger and a jack according to the present invention.
  • Figure 8 is a schematic structural view of another clamping portion of the present invention.
  • Figure 9 is a schematic structural view of another operation panel of the present invention.
  • Figure 10 is a cross-sectional view of Figure 9 of the present invention.
  • Figure 11 is a schematic structural view of a closure fitting of the present invention.
  • a single-incision sealing device for laparoscopic surgery (see Fig. 1), comprising an operation panel with a plurality of sealed operating holes 2 at the top, a sleeve at the bottom with suitable elasticity and cooperating with a human abdominal wall incision And a soft connecting portion 4 connecting the operation panel and the sleeve.
  • the operation panel includes a casing 1 having an inner hole, a cylinder 28 disposed at the inner hole of the casing, and a sealing member 3 disposed inside the cylinder.
  • the outer casing has a triangular structure, and the three corners of the triangle are provided with a vertical connecting column through the connecting arm (see FIG. 4), and the three connecting columns are symmetrically arranged at the outer casing, and the connecting post is opposite the connecting arm toward the center line of the outer casing. Protruding.
  • a crimping edge extending toward the inner bore axis is provided on the end surface of the outer casing.
  • a vertical groove 35 corresponding to the thickness of the connecting column and a horizontal groove 36 matching the height of the connecting column are disposed at a position corresponding to the connecting post on the outer circumference of the cylinder, and the end surface of the horizontal groove is opposite to the outer surface of the outer casing.
  • the shorter end of the end face is in communication with the bottom of the vertical groove, and the other end of the transverse groove is a parallel segment parallel to the end surface of the outer casing, and the limiting projection 40 of the connecting post is disposed at the transition from the parallel segment to the curved portion.
  • a recessed hole 22 is disposed in the axial portion of the cylinder, and the sealing member is placed in the recessed hole in a multi-layered structure.
  • the bottom of the recessed hole of the cylinder is a support portion 29 integral with the cylinder, and the support portion is provided with a corresponding operation hole 2.
  • the support portion is provided with four insertion holes 32 (Fig. 3) which are inner four and closed at the bottom, and the insertion holes are distributed around the operation holes.
  • the sealing member is in turn inwardly from the outer end of the operation panel, the cover plate 12, the panel 16, the sealing cap 17, the hard plastic plate 20 and the obturator 21, and the operation hole is provided on the sealing member and communicates with the entire operation panel (see Fig. 2). .
  • the obturator is provided with an elastic sealing film 37 (see FIG.
  • the obturator is disposed on the support portion, and the sealing film of the obturator is inserted into the operation hole of the support portion.
  • An elastic sealing film is disposed at the operation hole of the sealing cap, and the sealing film of the sealing cap is inserted into the operation hole of the hard plastic plate and protrudes into the operation hole of the obturator (see FIG. 3).
  • the periphery of the operation hole on both surfaces of the hard plastic plate is provided with a convex ring 18, and the outer periphery of the hard plastic plate is provided with a flange 19 which protrudes from the same position as the hard plastic plate (see Fig. 6).
  • a sealing structure is formed between the convex ring and the sealing cap and the obturator, and a sealing structure is formed between the convex edge and the sealing cap and the obturator.
  • the periphery of the operation hole on the panel is provided with a guide edge 15 which is inserted into the operation hole of the cover when the cover covers the panel.
  • a step 13 is disposed on the periphery of the cover plate, the sealing member is placed in the recessed hole of the cylinder, the outer casing is inserted into the upper end of the cylinder, the connecting post is inserted into the vertical groove, and then the outer casing is rotated to move the connecting column along the horizontal groove, and simultaneously The crimping of the outer casing presses against the step of the cover and presses the sealing member into the recess.
  • the bottom surface of the cover plate is provided with a corresponding insertion hole 14 of the socket, and the panel, the sealing cap, the hard plastic plate and the obturator are respectively provided with a connection hole 25 corresponding to the insertion hole, and the end of the insertion rod passes through the connection
  • the hole is inserted into the socket to be locked so that the cover can press the gap between the operation holes.
  • the inner wall of the jack is provided with a wedge-shaped retaining portion 33, and the center angle of the recessed portion is 145°, and the upper surface of the retaining portion is provided with an inclined guiding surface 38, and the end of the rod is matched with the stopping portion.
  • the wedge head 34 has a wedge-shaped head occupying a central angle of 180° of the plunger, and a gap between the plunger and the insertion hole is left.
  • the gap facilitates elastic deformation of the plunger, so that the wedge head is inserted into the socket to cooperate with the retaining portion to form a lock, the plunger is separated from the cover by the root, and the plunger is rotated by 180°, so that the wedge is separated from the retaining portion.
  • the plunger can be withdrawn from the socket, thus completing the splitting of the operation panel (see Fig. 7).
  • An air inlet hole 24 is arranged on the operation panel according to the needs of the operation, and a three-way switch is connected at the air inlet hole to facilitate inflation into the air belly to establish a pneumoperitoneum pressure.
  • the outer circumference of the lower end of the cylinder is provided with a clamping groove 31 (see FIG. 3 and FIG. 4), the upper side of the clamping groove is curved, and the lower side of the clamping groove is a straight side perpendicular to the axis of the cylinder. .
  • the upper end of the soft connecting portion is provided with a clamping ring 30 protruding toward the center.
  • the shape of the clamping ring is adapted to the shape of the clamping groove, and the clamping ring is snapped into the clamping groove to complete the sealing connection.
  • the outer circumference of the upper end of the sleeve is provided with a clamping groove 31.
  • the lower side of the clamping groove is curved, and the upper side of the clamping groove is a straight side perpendicular to the axis of the sleeve.
  • the lower end of the soft connecting portion is provided with a clamping ring protruding toward the center, and the clamping ring is snapped into the clamping groove of the sleeve to complete the sealing connection.
  • the upper end of the sleeve is provided with two symmetrical ear mounts 10 and two symmetrical lugs.
  • the lugs are perpendicular to the lugs, and the center of the lugs and the center of the lugs are provided with through holes 11.
  • a silicone elastic band 7 is attached to the through hole of the mounting ear.
  • the middle portion of the sleeve is a cylindrical body 6 that mates with the wound of the abdominal wall.
  • the lower end of the sleeve is provided with a retaining ring 5 of a vertical sleeve axis, and the upper surface of the retaining ring is provided with a convex clamping portion 8 at a position corresponding to the ear seat.
  • the ear seat is parallel to the retaining ring, and the clamping portion on the ear seat and the retaining ring is in the same axial direction of the sleeve.
  • the clamping portion is H-shaped, the side cross-sectional shape of the clamping portion is wedge-shaped, the side with the large wedge-shaped height is at the outer wall of the sleeve, and the intermediate crosspiece 9 of the clamping portion H is perpendicular to the line of the corresponding diameter.
  • Crosspiece and ear seat The through holes correspond.
  • a transition of the inclined surface 39 between the two sides of the clamping portion and the upper surface of the retaining ring ensures that a height abrupt change is not formed on the upper surface of the retaining ring.
  • the height of the sleeve is 40 mm, and the inner diameter of the cylindrical body of the sleeve is divided into 32 mm or 25 mm or 20 mm according to the surgical specifications.
  • the width of the retaining ring in the radial direction is 10 mm.
  • the two side walls of the cylinder perpendicular to the clamping portion are deformation portions 23, and the thickness of the deformation portion is smaller than the thickness of other portions of the cylinder.
  • the sleeve, the soft joint, the obturator, and the sealing cap are made of medical silicone, and the outer casing, the cylinder, the hard plastic plate, the panel and the cover are made of plastic. If the sleeve is made of medical polyurethane, the top of the sleeve is reinforced with a medical plastic for secondary forming.
  • Two pliers are used in operation.
  • the two pliers correspond to the two ear sockets of the sleeve.
  • One pliers of each pliers is inserted from the through hole of the lug.
  • the crosspiece of the clamping portion is merged in the clamping portion, and the other pliers also operate to clamp the crosspiece of the other clamping portion.
  • the two pliers force the force to be inserted from the incision of the abdomen, and the retaining ring is blocked by the abdominal wall.
  • the sleeve and the retaining ring return to their original shape, and the retaining ring adheres to the inner wall of the skin of the abdominal cavity to form a blocking structure.
  • the silicone elastic band is fixed to the outside of the abdominal wall to fix the sleeve. After fixation, the operation can be performed according to the progress of the operation.
  • Embodiment 2 A single-incision sealing device for laparoscopic surgery (see FIG. 8), the upper surface of the retaining ring at the lower end of the sleeve is fixed with a convex in-line clamping portion 8, the clamping portion and the upper end of the sleeve Corresponding to the ear seat, the clamping portion is perpendicular to the corresponding diameter on the retaining ring, and the two ends of the clamping portion are transitioned from the upper surface of the retaining ring to the inclined surface 39.
  • the rest of the structure is referred to in Embodiment 1.
  • Embodiment 3 A laparoscopic single-hole multi-channel device panel (see FIG. 9 and FIG. 10) includes a truncated-shaped panel body 41, and the panel body is provided with four operation holes 2 penetrating the panel body and one Air intake hole 45. One end of the small diameter of the panel body is provided with a working channel 46, and one end of the large diameter is set There is an operation panel, and the operation hole is disposed on the operation panel and communicates with the working channel.
  • the operating holes have the same diameter of 15 mm, and the operating hole is provided with a tapered flap 52 at the inner end of the panel body, and a slit is left in the middle of the flap.
  • the inner wall of the operation hole is provided with an internal thread, and a conversion fitting 43 with a small diameter hole is screwed into the operation hole.
  • the conversion fitting comprises a rigid circular outer casing 50.
  • the outer wall of the circular outer casing is provided with an external thread matching the internal thread of the inner wall of the operation hole, and the soft outer wall 47 is fixed in the circular outer casing, and the soft inner wall extends toward the center and leaves a small diameter at the center. Hole 44.
  • the thickness of the soft inner wall gradually decreases from the outer circumference to the center, and the diameter of the small diameter hole is set according to the use of the instrument and is smaller than the required aperture of the instrument used.
  • the periphery of the small diameter hole on the soft inner wall is provided with a folded loop 49, and a small hole 48 is left in the middle of the loop, and the aperture of the small hole is smaller than the diameter of the small diameter hole.
  • the end of the outer casing is provided with four cylinders 42 spaced apart by a 90° distribution projecting the end face of the outer casing.
  • the panel body is further provided with a closure fitting 51 (see Fig. 11).
  • the closure fitting comprises an outer casing with an outer thread, the end face of the outer casing being a closed structure, and the closed end face is provided with a protruding cylinder 42 at intervals of 90°.
  • the closure fitting is threaded into the operating bore.
  • the diameter of the small diameter hole is set to 3mm or 4mm or 5mm according to the operating specifications.
  • the specific size needs to be selected according to the size of the seal used in the operation of the instrument.
  • the number of operation holes on the operation panel can also be five, except for the operation holes that are required in actual operation, and the other unnecessary operation holes are sealed with a closing fitting.
  • the required operating holes are screwed into the corresponding conversion fittings, and small diameter holes of appropriate diameter are used.

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Abstract

一种腹腔镜手术单切口密封装置,包括处于顶部的带多个密封式操作孔(2)的操作面板、处于底部的具有合适弹性并与人体腹壁切口配合的套筒及连接操作面板和套筒的软连接部(4),套筒与软连接部(4)连接的上端的外周设置有对称的耳座(10),耳座(10)中间设置有通孔(11),套筒的下端外周设置有一圈挡圈(5),挡圈(5)上表面与耳座(10)对应的位置处设置有凸起的夹持部(8)。套筒插入到腹壁的创口处,挡圈(5)处于腹腔内部,软连接部(4)在腹腔外部,挡圈(5)起到阻挡作用,防止套筒从创口脱出,张紧装置固定住套筒,套筒产生的弹力挤压住创口壁起到密封作用;操作面板可以绕着软连接部(4)做小范围的转向,方便器械操作,操作孔(2)内带密封可以防止腹腔漏气。该腹腔镜手术单切口密封装置解决了腹腔镜手术使用管状吻合器,容易造成漏气,操作不便的问题。

Description

腹腔镜手术单切口密封装置 技术领域
本发明涉及一种腹腔镜手术中的密封装置, 尤其是一种一个切口满足多种 器械共用的腹腔镜手术单切口密封装置。
背景技术
以腹腔镜外科为代表的微创外科在国内发展经历了三个阶段: 20世纪 90 年代初开始了以腹腔镜胆囊切除为主的良性病变脏器的切除与功能修复, 20世 纪 90 年代中后期开展了胃肠道恶性肿瘤的切除, 21 世纪初开始进入了消化道 肿瘤微创外科快速发展与普及的时代。 外科手术经历了从传统的开腹手术到被 誉为 "第二次革命" 的腹腔镜手术的过渡, 近年来, 又正在经历从多孔腹腔镜 手术向单孔腹腔镜手术乃至经自然腔道内镜下的体表无瘢痕手术的演变。 经脐 手术径路一般可采用脐下、 脐上甚至纵行切开脐环等切口。 通道的建立目前常 见有 3种方法: ①使用整体 Port, 附有数个固定或不固定的 Trocar, 可置入器 械操作, 国外已有相关的成品生产, 如 Uni— X、 R— Port、 Gdport等。 其不足 之处为切口相对较大,手术器械之间有干扰,操作不便。②将大小不一的 Trocar 相连, 或者简单地在同一个切口中分别置入所需 Tr0car。 其不足之处为极易漏 气且干扰很大, 可使用常规腹腔镜器械, 可临床开展, 但操作不方便。 ③单一 的直径为 lO mmTrocar置入腹腔镜及进气维持气腹压力, 其余腹腔镜器械锐性 穿刺置入, 或采用可脱卸式 Trocar (专利号 ZL2009 2 0078343. 4), 在完成协助 腹腔镜器械进入腹腔后退出 Trocar, 在手术操作过程中仅保留 10 mm Trocar。 中国专利局于 2008年 2月 27日公开了一份 CN101129273A号文献, 名称 为腹腔镜手术用腹壁切口封闭器, 该封闭器包括弹性衬环和软套, 软套的一端 与所述弹性衬环连接, 其另一端为开口。 这种结构的封闭器是通过软套充气挤 压在切口周边与衬环形成密封结构, 但是软套鼓胀密封不太可靠, 而且软套的 另一端密封性差, 容易漏气, 这就造成软套内的压力降低不能鼓胀, 使得软套 与切口周边的挤压力变小, 造成切口周边漏气, 影响手术进行。
发明内容
本发明解决了现有技术中腹腔镜手术使用管状吻合器, 容易造成漏气, 操 作不便的缺点, 提供一种使用方便, 并能有效起到密封防止腹腔漏气的腹腔镜 手术单切口密封装置。
本发明还解决了现有技术中腹腔镜手术创口较大较多, 给患者带来较大创 伤的缺陷, 提供一种将多种手术工具需要的孔集合到一个面板上, 并减少创口 的腹腔镜手术单切口密封装置。
本发明还解决了现有技术中腹腔镜多个器械经多个操作孔进入腹腔, 造成 创伤较大的缺陷, 提供一种一孔多通道并可广泛用于各种单孔腹腔镜手术的腹 腔镜手术单切口密封装置。
本发明解决其技术问题所采用的技术方案是:一种腹腔镜手术单切口密封 装置, 包括处于顶部的带多个密封式操作孔的操作面板、 处于底部的具有合适 弹性并与人体腹壁切口配合的套筒及连接操作面板和套筒的软连接部, 套筒与 软连接部连接的上端的外周设置有对称的耳座, 耳座中间设置有通孔, 套筒的 下端外周设置有一圈挡圈, 挡圈上表面与耳座对应的位置处设置有凸起的夹持 部。 套筒插入到腹壁的切口处, 套筒具有合适的弹性, 插入到切口处前, 先变 形缩小, 插入后在回复力的作用下挤压切口的周边形成密封; 套筒具有弹性能 够变形, 在医用上一般采用医用聚胺脂 (也可使用医用硅胶), 插入的时候, 套 筒和挡圈挤压变形, 从切口处插入, 挡圈进入到腹腔内时, 套筒和挡圈回复原 状, 挡圈贴住腹腔的皮肤内壁形成阻挡结构, 防止套筒脱出; 耳座和夹持部配 合主要是方便钳子夹住套筒使套筒变形, 夹持部凸起便于钳子的端部夹持, 耳 座上设置通孔, 主要是对钳子进行定位, 同时使得钳子的挤压作用力都作用到 套筒上, 套筒挤压变形彻底; 操作面板上设置有多个操作孔, 可以同时深入多 个器械进行操作, 形成一孔多通道结构, 减少在腹壁部位的切口, 减少了创口, 减轻了创伤带来的应激反应, 利于病人早日康复; 软连接部的中间部位为球形 结构, 软连接部的两端为圆形孔, 球形的直径大于软连接部两端的圆形孔的直 径; 软连接部的中间部位膨胀成球形, 使得自然状态或气腹状态中间软连接部 向外略鼓, 可以减少器械划伤该中间部的可能, 另外手术需要时操作面板会绕 轴心顺时针或反时针在一定范围内旋转, 软连接部中间膨大利于操作面板轴向 旋转的空间, 以及旋转后中间部仍能保留一定的空间; 由于套筒内径有足够的 操作空间, 可供腹腔镜及另外两把常用器械经套筒内进入腹腔, 并在其他操作 孔的配合下完成腹腔镜下胃周围的游离, 并且进一步将腹腔镜移至其他操作孔 后通过该装置进入直径为 25mm的管状吻合器实现胃肠端侧吻合,也可于适当时 候临时退出该气腹封闭装置, 利用腹壁操作孔在腹腔镜照明引导下, 通过开腹 手术的直线切割闭合器离断标本可节约耗材费用。
作为优选,套筒与软连接部相连接的部位设置有用于固定套筒或者用于拆 取套筒的张紧装置, 张紧装置采用医用编织绳或者硅胶弹性带。 张紧装置在套 筒插入到腹部切口内部时起到张紧和固定作用, 防止套筒继续伸入到腹腔内, 同时在退出套筒的时候作为施力的部件,尤其是腹壁的厚度大于套筒的高度时, 此时只有张紧装置还露出在外, 便于套筒退出; 张紧装置也可以使用其他符合 医用的传递力的部件。
作为优选, 套筒的中间部位为与腹壁创口相配的柱形体, 挡圈所在的平面 与柱形体的轴线相垂直, 耳座与挡圈相平行, 耳座与挡圈上的夹持部处于套筒 的同一轴向方向。 套筒在插入到切口内时, 用两把钳子, 一把钳子对应一个夹 持部, 钳子的一脚从耳座的通孔处插入, 钳子的另一脚从耳座的外部经过并在 夹持部汇合夹紧。
作为优选, 套筒的高度为 35-45匪, 套筒的柱形体的内径按照手术规格分 为 32mm、 25mm和 20mm; 挡圈在径向上的宽度为 8_12mm; 柱形体上与夹持部相 垂直的两侧壁的厚度小于夹持部所在的柱形体侧壁的厚度。 挡圈的宽度要适合 套筒端部插入到切口内,复原后也能防止套筒退出;为便于套筒插入到切口内, 柱形体的侧壁上有较薄的部位, 该部位便于变形, 同时也方便两把钳子使力。
作为优选, 夹持部呈 H形, 夹持部的侧面截面形状为楔形, 楔形高度大的 一侧处于套筒的外壁处,夹持部 H形的中间横档与对应的直径所在的线相垂直。 夹持部为楔形, 可以对挡圈起到加强的作用, 防止阻挡力不足造成套筒退出; 夹持部还可以是其他形状, 比如槽形或者十字形。
作为优选, 夹持部的两侧与挡圈的上表面之间为斜面过渡。斜面过渡防止 出现高度突变, 造成腹腔内壁在此处形成漏缝。
夹持部的另一种方案: 夹持部呈一字形, 该夹持部与所在挡圈上的直径相 垂直, 该夹持部一字两端与挡圈上表面为平滑过渡。 平滑过渡可以是斜面过渡 或者弧面过渡。 作为优选, 操作面板包括带内孔的外壳、连接在外壳内孔处的柱体和设置 在柱体内的密封部件; 外壳的端面上设置有向内孔轴线延伸的压边, 压边压住 密封部件。 外壳端面上的压边压住密封部件主要是压住密封部件的周边, 从而 能防止密封部件周边漏气。
作为优选, 柱体轴线部位设置有凹孔, 密封部件为多层叠加结构放置于凹 孔内; 所述的密封部件从操作面板的外端向内依次为面板、 密封帽和闭孔器, 操作孔设置密封部件上并连通整个操作面板; 操作面板上根据手术的需要设置 有一个进气孔三通开关。 密封部件为多层叠加结构, 可以起到密封的作用, 尤 其对于操作孔周边能起到较好的密封作用; 闭孔器和密封帽由硅胶制成具有弹 性, 如果受到挤压就形成密封; 面板采用塑料具有硬度, 便于连接固定; 进气 孔三通开关连接气腹管, 通过气腹机往腹腔内注气。
作为优选, 闭孔器在操作孔处设置有弹性的密封膜, 密封膜的中间设置有 小孔, 小孔的直径小于对应的操作器械的直径, 密封膜的内侧设置有处于关闭 状态的对开的活瓣。 操作孔内设置有器械插入到操作孔内时, 密封膜紧紧包裹 住器械, 防止气体从器械的周边泄漏, 器械退出操作孔时, 活瓣处于关闭状态 防止漏气。
作为优选, 柱体的凹孔底部为与柱体一体的支撑部, 支撑部上设置有对应 的操作孔, 闭孔器设置在支撑部上, 闭孔器的密封膜插入到支撑部的操作孔内, 闭孔器与密封帽之间增设硬塑料板, 硬塑料板的两个表面上操作孔的周边设置 有凸环, 硬塑料板的外周设置有凸边, 凸环与密封帽及闭孔器之间形成密封结 构, 凸边与密封帽及闭孔器之间形成密封结构。 支撑部用于支撑密封部件, 同 时支撑部与外壳的压边配合固定密封部件; 面板、 密封帽和闭孔器均为柔性, 容易变形, 增加硬塑料板可以防止变形量过大; 硬塑料板的凸环和凸边均是为 了对操作孔的周边和密封部件的周边进行挤压密封。
12根据权利要求 11所述的腹腔镜手术单切口密封装置,其特征在于面板、 密封帽、 硬塑料板、 闭孔器均设置有连接孔, 支撑部对应连接孔的部位设置有 插孔, 插孔内壁设置有楔形的止退部; 面板的表面覆盖有盖板, 盖板上设置有 对应的操作孔, 盖板的背面设置有垂直的插杆, 插杆的端部为与止退部相配的 楔形头, 插杆与插孔之间留有楔形头退出的间隙。 插杆穿过连接孔, 插杆的端 部插入到插孔内, 楔形头与止退部相配合形成倒扣锁紧, 防止盖板随意拆卸; 插杆与插孔配合, 使得盖板能将操作孔周边的缝隙压紧, 防止漏气; 插杆与插 孔之间留有楔形头退出的间隙, 使得楔形头能在插孔内转动, 将插杆的根部与 盖板相分离, 插杆转动 180 ° , 就能使楔形头与止退部相分开, 从而将插杆从 插孔内退出, 这样可以将密封部件的各层拆开。
外壳呈三角形结构, 三角形的三个角所在的部位处设置有竖向的连接柱, 柱体的外周上对应连接柱的位置处设置有与连接柱的厚度相适配的竖槽及与连 接柱的高度相适配的横槽, 横槽相对外壳的端面为弧形结构, 距离端面较短的 一端与竖槽底部相连通, 横槽的另一端为与外壳的端面相平行的平行段, 平行 段到弧形部位的过渡处设置有连接柱的限位凸起。 外壳上的连接柱与竖槽及横 槽相配合完成锁紧, 外壳的连接柱先插入到竖槽内, 再转动一个角度, 连接柱 转到横槽水平的位置处, 这个过程中, 外壳的压边逐渐对密封部进行挤压并最 终与柱体相连接。
作为优选, 操作面板上的其中一个操作孔可置入软管, 软管上连接有三通 开关, 软管的端部连接有一个具有合适强度的夹持部。 软管通过三通开关可以 实现排气、 吸血、 冲水功能, 因此无需频繁更换器械可以节约手术时间, 手术 时软管置于操作区附近, 排烟效果较好, 软管端夹持部具有合适强度, 腹腔镜 器械夹持软管端至目标位置时, 管腔不会被完全夹闭, 器械稍用力又可以将管 腔完全夹闭, 从而避免了持续吸引造成腹腔气压急剧下降。
操作面板的另一种方案: 操作面板包括面板本体, 操作孔贯通整个面板本 体, 操作孔的直径相同, 操作孔内壁设置有内螺纹, 操作孔内螺接有带小径孔 的转换配件或者无孔的封闭配件; 转换配件包括硬质圆形外壳, 外壳的外壁设 置有与操作孔内壁的内螺纹相配的外螺纹, 外壳内固定有软内壁, 软内壁向中 心延伸并在中心留出小径孔; 封闭配件包括一端封闭的硬质圆形外壳, 外壳的 外壁设置有与操作孔内壁的内螺纹相配的外螺纹。 面板本体上的操作孔的直径 相同, 简化了面板本体的结构, 也简化了制作面板本体的模具, 降低了成本; 面板本体上选配不同的转换配件, 转换成不同直径的孔, 适应不同尺寸的器械 的密封需要; 操作过程中, 器械直接与转换配件的内壁相接触, 不与面板本体 相接触, 降低了面板本体被器械损坏的可能性, 确保面板本体的安全, 同时也 只需更换转换配件, 降低了操作成本; 操作孔可以使用适应最大器械的孔径, 也可以使用比需要的最大孔径还大的孔径, 并由转换配件转换到最大的需要孔 径; 封闭配件用来封闭操作孔, 防止不需要的操作孔没有密封造成腹腔漏气, 尤其是反复使用后内部防漏活瓣损坏后处于开放状态时通道会漏气, 而有器械 进入后则不会漏气, 用封闭配件封闭, 延长面板的使用寿命; 转换配件的外壳 与面板本体相螺接, 外壳为硬质提高螺接的强度, 一般采用医用塑料; 内壁为 软性材料制成, 增加变形能力; 小径孔适应不同器械的需要, 一般转换配件的 小径孔的直径满足 5-8mm的器械直径。 作为优选, 软内壁的厚度从外周向中心逐渐缩小, 小径孔的直径按照使用 器械设定并小于使用的器械需要的孔径。 软内壁中间薄, 两边厚, 不易被器械 损伤, 同时又可以随着器械改变方向确保灵活性不受硬壁的影响。
作为优选, 软内壁上的小径孔的周边设置有翻折的环圈, 环圈的中间留有 小孔, 小孔的孔径小于小径孔的孔径。 翻折的环圈形成锥形结构, 翻折的方向 远离操作孔的端口部, 器械从小孔穿入时可以增大与器械的接触面积, 增强防 漏气的可靠性; 同时器械在来回进出过程中, 环圈可以起到调整的作用, 减小 软内壁与器械之间的滑动摩擦, 减少了损坏几率。
作为优选, 面板本体为圆台形, 圆台的小径端设有器械工作通道, 操作孔 与工作通道相连通; 操作孔在面板本体内部的端部位置设置有密封活瓣, 密封 活瓣中间留有一道开合口。 设置工作通道, 缩短了操作孔的深度, 从而防止器 械转动过程中与操作孔内壁发生干涉; 操作孔作为最大器械进出通道使用, 无 器械进入操作孔时, 密封活瓣作为唯一的密封部件, 操作孔内配设转换配件, 转换配件上设置有环圈作为第一道密封, 当有器械进入通道时起密封作用, 密 封效果好。
作为优选, 外壳的端部设置有旋转接触部, 旋转接触部为突出外壳端面的 若干圆柱体或者凹陷入外壳端面内的圆孔。 旋转接触部方便转换配件在操作孔 内旋转, 主要用于转换配件或者封闭配件的装卸使用; 旋转接触部可以采用其 他形式, 比如蝴蝶钮, 或者延长伸出端, 增加捏手的部位。
作为优选, 软连接部的两端设置有向中心线突出的夹紧圈, 夹紧圈在软连 接部的两端部位一侧为弧形面, 两夹紧圈相对的一侧为垂直中心线的直边; 操 作面板下端的外周和套筒的上端均设置有凹陷的夹紧槽, 夹紧槽的形状与软连 接部的夹紧圈相配。 夹紧圈突出, 夹紧槽凹陷, 正好相互配合, 软连接部具有 弹性, 配合后能实现密封; 弧形面便于夹紧圈插入到加紧槽内, 直边正好阻挡 软连接部退出, 防止滑脱的意外。
本发明的有益效果是: 套筒插入到腹壁的创口处, 挡圈处于腹腔内部, 软 连接部在腹腔外部, 挡圈起到阻挡作用, 防止套筒从创口脱出, 张紧装置固定 住套筒, 套筒产生的弹力挤压住创口壁起到密封; 操作面板可以绕着软连接部 作小范围的转向, 方便器械操作, 操作孔内带密封可以防止腹腔漏气; 操作面 板内部的多层叠加结构, 密封性好; 操作面板上带有多个操作孔, 器械可以通 过操作孔伸入到腹腔内, 减少了腹腔的创口, 一孔多通道结构, 方便手术, 同 时也节省手术成本; 设有专供直径达 25mm的器械进入气腹的通道, 从而使管 状吻合器进入气腹完成胃肠端侧吻合便于实施。
附图说明
图 1是本发明一种结构示意图;
图 2是本发明一种分解结构示意图;
图 3是本发明一种剖视图;
图 4是本发明一种外壳的连接示意图;
图 5是本发明一种闭孔器的结构示意图;
图 6是本发明一种硬塑料板的结构示意图;
图 7是本发明一种插杆与插孔的连接示意图;
图 8是本发明另一种夹持部的结构示意图;
图 9是本发明另一种操作面板的结构示意图; 图 10是本发明图 9的一种剖视图;
图 11是本发明一种封闭配件结构示意图;
图中: 1、 外壳, 2、 操作孔, 3、 密封部件, 4、 软连接部, 5、 挡圈, 6、 柱形体, 7、 硅胶弹性带, 8、 夹持部, 9、 横档, 10、 耳座, 11、 通孔, 12、 盖 板, 13、 台阶, 14、 插杆, 15、 导边, 16、 面板, 17、 密封帽, 18、 凸环, 19、 凸边, 20、 硬塑料板, 21、 闭孔器, 22、 凹孔, 23、 变形部, 24、 进气孔, 25、 连接孔, 26、 压边, 27、 连接柱, 28、 柱体, 29、 支撑部, 30、 夹紧圈, 31、 夹紧槽, 32、 插孔, 33、 止退部, 34、 楔形头, 35、 竖槽, 36、 横槽, 37、 密 封膜, 38、 导向面, 39、 斜面, 40、 限位凸起, 41、 面板本体, 42、 圆柱体, 43、 转换配件, 44、 小径孔, 45、 进气孔, 46、 工作通道, 47、 软内壁, 48小 孔, 49、 环圈, 50、 圆形外壳, 51、 封闭配件, 52、 活瓣。
具体实鮮式
下面通过具体实施例, 并结合附图, 对本发明的技术方案作进一步具体的 说明。
实施例: 一种腹腔镜手术单切口密封装置(参见附图 1 ), 包括处于顶部的 带多个密封式操作孔 2的操作面板、 处于底部的具有合适弹性并与人体腹壁切 口配合的套筒及连接操作面板和套筒的软连接部 4。
操作面板包括带内孔的外壳 1、设置在外壳内孔处的柱体 28和设置在柱体 内的密封部件 3。 外壳呈三角形结构, 三角形的三个角所在的部位处通过连接 臂设置有竖向的连接柱(参见附图 4), 三个连接柱在外壳处对称设置, 连接柱 相对连接臂朝向外壳的中线凸出。外壳的端面上设置有向内孔轴线延伸的压边。 柱体的外周上对应连接柱的位置处设置有与连接柱的厚度相适配的竖槽 35 及 与连接柱的高度相适配的横槽 36, 横槽相对外壳的端面为弧形结构, 距离端面 较短的一端与竖槽底部相连通,横槽的另一端为与外壳的端面相平行的平行段, 平行段到弧形部位的过渡处设置有连接柱的限位凸起 40。柱体轴线部位设置有 凹孔 22, 密封部件为多层叠加结构放置于凹孔内。 柱体的凹孔底部为与柱体一 体的支撑部 29, 支撑部上设置有对应的操作孔 2。 支撑部上设置有内四且底部 封闭的四个插孔 32 (附图 3 ), 插孔分布在操作孔的周边。密封部件从操作面板 的外端向内依次为盖板 12、 面板 16、 密封帽 17、硬塑料板 20和闭孔器 21, 操 作孔设置密封部件上并连通整个操作面板(参见附图 2)。 闭孔器在操作孔处设 置有弹性的密封膜 37 (参见附图 5 ), 密封膜的中间设置有小孔, 小孔的直径小 于对应的操作器械的直径, 密封膜的内侧设置有处于关闭状态的对开的活瓣。 闭孔器设置在支撑部上, 闭孔器的密封膜插入到支撑部的操作孔内。 密封帽的 操作孔处设置有弹性的密封膜, 密封帽的密封膜插入到硬塑料板上的操作孔内 并伸入到闭孔器的操作孔内 (参见附图 3 )。硬塑料板的两个表面上操作孔的周 边设置有凸环 18,硬塑料板的外周设置有凸边 19, 凸环及凸边凸出硬塑料板等 高的位置(参见附图 6)。 凸环与密封帽及闭孔器之间形成密封结构, 凸边与密 封帽及闭孔器之间形成密封结构。 面板上的操作孔的周边设置有导边 15, 盖板 盖住面板时, 导边插入到盖板的操作孔内。 盖板的周边设置有台阶 13, 密封部 件放入到柱体的凹孔内, 外壳罩入到柱体上端, 连接柱插入到竖槽内, 接着转 动外壳使得连接柱沿着横槽移动, 同时外壳的压边压住盖板的台阶, 将密封部 件压紧到凹孔内。 盖板的下表面上设置有对应插孔的插杆 14, 面板、 密封帽、 硬塑料板和闭孔器上均设置有与插孔相对应的连接孔 25,插杆的端部穿过连接 孔并插入到插孔内锁紧, 使得盖板能压紧操作孔之间的缝隙。 插孔内壁设置有 楔形的止退部 33, 止退部占插孔的圆心角为 145 ° , 止退部的上表面设置有倾 斜的导向面 38,插杆的端部为与止退部相配的楔形头 34,楔形头占据插杆的圆 心角为 180° , 插杆与插孔之间留有楔形头退出的间隙。 该间隙便于插杆弹性 变形, 使得楔形头插入到插孔内与止退部配合形成锁紧, 将插杆从根部与盖板 分离, 180° 转动插杆, 使得楔形头与止退部相分离, 从而可以将插杆从插孔内 退出, 如此可完成操作面板的拆分(参见附图 7)。 操作面板上根据手术的需要 设置有一个进气孔 24, 进气孔处连接三通开关便于向气腹内充气, 建立气腹压 力。
柱体的下端的外周设置有夹紧槽 31 (参见附图 3附图 4),夹紧槽的上侧边 为弧形, 夹紧槽的下侧边为与柱体轴线相垂直的直边。 软连接部的上端设置有 向中心突出的夹紧圈 30, 夹紧圈的形状与夹紧槽的形状相适配, 夹紧圈卡入到 夹紧槽内完成密封连接。套筒的上端的外周设置有夹紧槽 31, 夹紧槽的下侧边 为弧形, 夹紧槽的上侧边为与套筒轴线相垂直的直边。 软连接部的下端设置有 向中心突出的夹紧圈, 夹紧圈卡入到套筒的夹紧槽内完成密封连接。
套筒的上端周边设置有两个对称的耳座 10和两个对称的挂耳,耳座和挂耳 相垂直, 耳座的中心和挂耳的中心均设置有通孔 11。 挂耳的通孔处连接固定有 硅胶弹性带 7。套筒的中间部位为与腹壁创口相配的柱形体 6。套筒的下端设置 有垂直套筒轴线的挡圈 5, 挡圈上表面与耳座对应的位置处设置有凸起的夹持 部 8。 耳座与挡圈相平行, 耳座与挡圈上的夹持部处于套筒的同一轴向方向。 夹持部呈 H形, 夹持部的侧面截面形状为楔形, 楔形高度大的一侧处于套筒的 外壁处, 夹持部 H形的中间横档 9与对应的直径所在的线相垂直。横档与耳座 的通孔相对应。夹持部的两侧与挡圈的上表面之间为斜面 39过渡,保证不会在 挡圈的上表面形成高度突变。 套筒的高度为 40mm, 套筒的柱形体的内径按照 手术规格分为 32mm或者 25mm或者 20mm。 挡圈在径向上的宽度为 10mm。 柱体上与夹持部相垂直的两侧壁为变形部 23,变形部的厚度小于柱体其他部位 的厚度。
套筒、 软连接部、 闭孔器、 密封帽为医用硅胶制成, 外壳、 柱体、 硬塑料 板、 面板和盖板为塑料制成。 如果套筒用医用聚胺脂制成, 套筒顶端采用二次 成形用医用塑料加强硬度。
操作时使用两把钳子, 两把钳子分别对应套筒的两个耳座, 每把钳子的一 个钳脚从耳座的通孔处插入, 该钳脚的端部与另一个钳脚的端部在夹持部汇合 并夹住夹持部的横档, 另一把钳子同样操作夹住另一个夹持部的横档, 两把钳 子使力从腹部的切口处插入, 挡圈受到腹壁的阻挡发生翘曲, 在变形部发生变 形, 挡圈进入到腹腔内时, 套筒和挡圈回复原状, 挡圈贴住腹腔的皮肤内壁形 成阻挡结构。 硅胶弹性带固定到腹壁的外部将套筒固定。 固定后可以按照手术 的进程进行手术。
实施例 2: —种腹腔镜手术单切口密封装置 (参见附图 8), 套筒的下端的 挡圈的上表面固定有凸起的一字形夹持部 8,夹持部与套筒上端的耳座相对应, 夹持部与所在挡圈上对应的直径相垂直, 该夹持部一字两端与挡圈上表面为斜 面 39过渡。 其余结构参照实施例 1。
实施例 3 : —种腹腔镜手术单孔多通道装置面板(参见附图 9附图 10), 包 括圆台形的面板本体 41,面板本体上设置有 4个穿透面板本体的操作孔 2和一 个进气孔 45。面板本体上小直径的一端设置有工作通道 46,大直径的一端设置 有操作面板, 操作孔设置于操作面板上并与工作通道相通。
操作孔的直径相同均为 15mm, 操作孔在面板本体内部的端部设置有锥形 的活瓣 52, 活瓣中间留有一道开合口。 操作孔内壁设置有内螺纹, 操作孔内螺 接有带小径孔的转换配件 43。转换配件包括硬质圆形外壳 50, 圆形外壳的外壁 设置有与操作孔内壁的内螺纹相配的外螺纹, 圆形外壳内固定有软内壁 47, 软 内壁向中心延伸并在中心留出小径孔 44。 软内壁的厚度从外周向中心逐渐缩 小, 小径孔的直径按照使用器械设定并小于使用的器械需要的孔径。 软内壁上 的小径孔的周边设置有翻折的环圈 49,环圈的中间留有小孔 48,小孔的孔径小 于小径孔的孔径。外壳的端部设置有突出外壳端面的四个间隔 90° 分布的圆柱 体 42。
面板本体上还配设有封闭配件 51 (参见附图 11 ), 封闭配件包括带有外螺 纹的外壳, 外壳的端面为封闭结构, 该封闭端面上间隔 90° 分布有突出的圆柱 体 42。 封闭配件螺接在操作孔内。
小径孔的直径根据操作规范设定有 3mm或者 4mm或者 5mm。具体尺寸根 据手术中使用器械的需要密封的尺寸需要进行选用。
操作面板上的操作孔的数量还可以是 5个, 除了实际操作中需要用到的操 作孔外, 其余不需要的操作孔用封闭配件密封。 需要的操作孔内螺接对应的转 换配件, 使用合适直径的小径孔。
以上所述的实施例只是本发明的几种较佳方案, 并非对本发明作任何形式 上的限制, 在不超出权利要求所记载的技术方案的前提下还有其它的变体及改 型。

Claims

权利要求
1、一种腹腔镜手术单切口密封装置,包括处于顶部的带多个密封式操作孔 的操作面板、 处于底部的具有合适弹性并与人体腹壁切口配合的套筒及连接操 作面板和套筒的软连接部, 其特征在于套筒与软连接部连接的上端的外周设置 有对称的耳座, 耳座中间设置有通孔, 套筒的下端外周设置有一圈挡圈, 挡圈 上表面与耳座对应的位置处设置有凸起的夹持部。
2根据权利要求 1所述的腹腔镜手术单切口密封装置, 其特征在于套筒与 软连接部相连接的部位设置有用于固定套筒或者用于拆取套筒的张紧装置, 张 紧装置采用医用编织绳或者硅胶弹性带。
3根据权利要求 1所述的腹腔镜手术单切口密封装置, 其特征在于套筒的 中间部位为与腹壁创口相配的柱形体,挡圈所在的平面与柱形体的轴线相垂直, 耳座与挡圈相平行, 耳座与挡圈上的夹持部处于套筒的同一轴向方向。
4根据权利要求 3所述的腹腔镜手术单切口密封装置, 其特征在于套筒的 高度为 35-45mm, 套筒的柱形体的内径按照手术规格分为 32mm、 25mm和 20mm; 挡圈在径向上的宽度为 8-12mm; 柱形体上与夹持部相垂直的两侧壁的 厚度小于夹持部所在的柱形体侧壁的厚度。
5根据权利要求 1或 2或 3或 4所述的腹腔镜手术单切口密封装置, 其特 征在于夹持部呈 H形, 夹持部的侧面截面形状为楔形, 楔形高度大的一侧处于 套筒的外壁处, 夹持部 H形的中间横档与对应的直径所在的线相垂直。
6根据权利要求 5所述的腹腔镜手术单切口密封装置, 其特征在于夹持部 的两侧与挡圈的上表面之间为斜面过渡。 7根据权利要求 1或 2或 3或 4所述的腹腔镜手术单切口密封装置, 其特 征在于夹持部呈一字形, 该夹持部与所在挡圈上的直径相垂直, 该夹持部一字 两端与挡圈上表面为平滑过渡。
8根据权利要求 1或 2或 3或 4所述的腹腔镜手术单切口密封装置, 其特 征在于操作面板包括带内孔的外壳、 连接在外壳内孔处的柱体和设置在柱体内 的密封部件;外壳的端面上设置有向内孔轴线延伸的压边,压边压住密封部件。
9根据权利要求 8所述的腹腔镜手术单切口密封装置, 其特征在于柱体轴 线部位设置有凹孔, 密封部件为多层叠加结构放置于凹孔内; 所述的密封部件 从操作面板的外端向内依次为面板、 密封帽和闭孔器, 操作孔设置于密封部件 上并连通整个操作面板。
10根据权利要求 9所述的腹腔镜手术单切口密封装置,其特征在于闭孔器 在操作孔处设置有弹性的密封膜, 密封膜的中间设置有小孔, 小孔的直径小于 对应的操作器械的直径, 密封膜的内侧设置有处于关闭状态的对开的活瓣。
11根据权利要求 10所述的腹腔镜手术单切口密封装置, 其特征在于柱体 的凹孔底部为与柱体一体的支撑部, 支撑部上设置有对应密封部上操作孔的操 作孔, 闭孔器放置在支撑部上, 闭孔器的密封膜插入到支撑部的操作孔内, 闭 孔器与密封帽之间增设硬塑料板, 硬塑料板的两个表面上操作孔的周边设置有 凸环,硬塑料板的外周设置有凸边, 凸环与密封帽及闭孔器之间形成密封结构, 凸边与密封帽及闭孔器之间形成密封结构。
12根据权利要求 11所述的腹腔镜手术单切口密封装置,其特征在于面板、 密封帽、 硬塑料板、 闭孔器均设置有连接孔, 支撑部对应连接孔的部位设置有 插孔, 插孔内壁设置有楔形的止退部; 面板的表面覆盖有盖板, 盖板上设置有 对应的操作孔, 盖板的背面设置有垂直的插杆, 插杆的端部为与止退部相配的 楔形头, 插杆与插孔之间留有楔形头退出的间隙。
13根据权利要求 8所述的腹腔镜手术单切口密封装置,其特征在于外壳呈 三角形结构, 三角形的三个角所在的部位处设置有竖向的连接柱, 柱体的外周 上对应连接柱的位置处设置有与连接柱的厚度相适配的竖槽及与连接柱的高度 相适配的横槽, 横槽相对外壳的端面为弧形结构, 距离端面较短的一端与竖槽 底部相连通, 横槽的另一端为与外壳的端面相平行的平行段, 平行段到弧形部 位的过渡处设置有连接柱的限位凸起。
14根据权利要求 1或 2或 3或 4所述的腹腔镜手术单切口密封装置,其特 征在于操作面板包括面板本体,操作孔贯通整个面板本体,操作孔的直径相同, 操作孔内壁设置有内螺纹, 操作孔内螺接有带小径孔的转换配件或者无孔的封 闭配件; 转换配件包括硬质圆形外壳, 圆形外壳的外壁设置有与操作孔内壁的 内螺纹相配的外螺纹, 圆形外壳内固定有软内壁, 软内壁向中心延伸并在中心 留出小径孔; 封闭配件包括一端封闭的硬质圆形外壳, 圆形外壳的外壁设置有 与操作孔内壁的内螺纹相配的外螺纹。
15根据权利要求 14所述的腹腔镜手术单切口密封装置, 其特征在于软内 壁的厚度从外周向中心逐渐缩小, 小径孔的直径按照使用器械设定并小于使用 的器械需要的孔径。
16根据权利要求 15所述的腹腔镜手术单切口密封装置, 其特征在于软内 壁上的小径孔的周边设置有翻折的环圈, 环圈的中间留有小孔, 小孔的孔径小 于小径孔的孔径。
17根据权利要求 14所述的腹腔镜手术单切口密封装置, 其特征在于面板 本体为圆台形, 圆台的小径端设有器械工作通道, 操作孔与工作通道相连通; 操作孔在面板本体内部的端部位置设置有密封活瓣, 密封活瓣中间留有一道开 合口。
18根据权利要求 14所述的腹腔镜手术单切口密封装置, 其特征在于外壳 的端部设置有旋转接触部, 旋转接触部为突出外壳端面的若干圆柱体或者凹陷 入外壳端面内的圆孔。
19根据权利要求 1或 2或 3或 4所述的腹腔镜手术单切口密封装置,其特 征在于软连接部的两端设置有向中心线突出的夹紧圈, 夹紧圈在软连接部的两 端部位一侧为弧形面, 两夹紧圈相对的一侧为垂直中心线的直边; 操作面板下 端的外周和套筒的上端均设置有凹陷的夹紧槽, 夹紧槽的形状与软连接部的夹 紧圈相配。
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