WO2013097198A1

WO2013097198A1 - Anti-impact device of damping and energy-absorbing type made from web-enhanced composite material

Info

Publication number: WO2013097198A1
Application number: PCT/CN2011/085082
Authority: WO
Inventors: 刘伟庆; 方海; 祝露; 陆伟东
Original assignee: 南京工业大学; 上海博泓低碳节能科技股份有限公司
Priority date: 2011-12-30
Filing date: 2011-12-30
Publication date: 2013-07-04
Also published as: US20140130725A1

Abstract

Disclosed is an anti-impact device of a damping and energy-absorbing type made from a web-enhanced composite material, comprising: an anti-impact unit (1) comprising a housing (2) and a filler material body (3) located inside the housing (2). The housing (2) is a solid housing comprised of a surface layer of composite material (4) or a sandwiched housing comprised of the surface layer of composite material (4) filled with a sandwiched material (5), and the sandwiched material (5). The filler material body (3) comprises a structural body of spatial grid (6) and an energy-consuming material (7), the structural body of spatial grid (6) being comprised of fibre webs (8) arranged in the housing (2) in a one-layer uni-directional, one-layer bi-directional, multi-layer uni-directional or multi-layer multi-directional way, and the energy-consuming material (7) is located between the fibre webs (8) and/or between the fibre webs (8) and the inner walls of the housing (2). The anti-impact device is low cost, has a high anti-impact performance, a long service life and is easy to assemble and replace.

Description

Description: A buffering energy absorption type web reinforced composite material anti-collision device

The invention relates to a bridge or dock anti-collision structure, in particular to a low-cost green anti-collision device manufactured by using composite materials, in particular to a pier, a pylon, a cap, a pier, and the like, which are suitable for various bridges. Water-absorbing buildings, marine buildings, and cushioning energy-absorbing web reinforced composite anti-collision devices for reducing impact damage such as ships, ice floes or vehicles. Background technique

As we all know, ship (vehicle) bridge accidents have been happening all over the world, and the frequency of ship collisions is much higher than we think. The casualties, property damage and environmental damage caused by the ship’s collision with the bridge were amazing. Many ships have lost tens of thousands of yuan in accidents, and heavy casualties and losses are in the form of millions, tens of millions or even billions of dollars. A large number of indirect losses are even more difficult to calculate. Therefore, it is especially necessary to take anti-collision measures for the bridge. The basic purpose is to prevent the bridge from being damaged due to the impact of the ship (vehicle) and to protect the ship (vehicle) as much as possible to minimize the loss.

After years of research and application, various anti-collision facilities for bridge pier collisions have appeared at home and abroad, but the basic principle is designed based on energy absorption and momentum buffering. Each type of anti-collision facilities has its characteristics and conditions of use. Specifically, anti-collision facilities can be divided into two categories: one is indirect, and its characteristics are: There is another anti-collision facility outside the pier, the pier is not directly stressed, so that the pier completely avoids the problem of ship impact. Such as: pile group method, thin shell sand reclamation method, artificial island method, etc., generally suitable for occasions with shallow water and good geological conditions. The indirect collision avoidance method, once and for all, affects the navigation channel and is often abandoned because the cost is too high or the conditions are not. The second is direct type, which is characterized by: The force acts directly on the pier after buffering, such as the string protection mode, the rope deformation mode, the buffer material installation mode, the buffer facility engineering mode and the fixed or floating box anti-collision facilities. Generally used in places where the channel is narrow and the water is deep, the construction cost is usually less, and the amount of civil works is not large. Such as: Zhujiang Bridge and Shanghai Yangtze River Bridge adopt steel box type anti-collision device. The energy dissipating facility uses plastic deformation of steel to break and dissipate energy. When the ship hits the steel box anti-collision device, the outer layer of the anti-collision structure is discontinuous (intermittent The structural steel plate undergoes large deformation, absorbs part of the collision energy, and prolongs the contact time, which reduces the peak impact force. At the same time, due to structural deformation and interaction, the direction of the bow is shifted, and the energy between the ship and the structure is reduced. Pay Change. However, the steel box usually bears a single impact, and it is difficult to repair after the damage. At the same time, the hull is vulnerable to damage during the collision. In addition, the steel is easy to rust in water all year round, and the maintenance cost is high. Therefore, it is extremely urgent to design and develop a new collision avoidance system with new materials. Summary of the invention

The object of the present invention is to provide a buffer capable of fully absorbing impact energy, low cost, wide application range and green environmental protection, which has the problems of poor anti-collision effect, high cost or high repair difficulty of the existing bridge anti-collision device. Energy-absorbing web reinforcement composite anti-collision device.

The object of the present invention is solved by the following technical solutions:

A buffer energy absorbing web reinforced composite material anti-collision device, comprising an anti-collision unit 1 comprising a casing 2 and a filling material body 3 located in the casing 2, the casing 2 being composite The solid shell formed by the material facing layer 4 or the sandwich shell composed of the composite facing layer 4 filled with the core material 5 and the sandwich material 5; the filling material body 3 comprises the spatial lattice body 6 and energy consumption Material 7, the spatial lattice body 6 is composed of a fiber web 8 in a single layer unidirectional, single layer bidirectional, multi-layer unidirectional or multi-layer multi-directional arrangement in the casing 2, and the energy consuming material 7 is located in the fiber web 8 The intermediate and/or fibrous web 8 is between the inner wall of the casing 2.

The two adjacent collision avoidance units 1 adjacent to each other are connected by a connecting member 9.

The connector 9 is a combination of one or more of a cable, a stainless steel chain, a cable, a strand, a bolt, a nylon rod or a pin.

The side of the collision avoidance unit 1 is provided with an anti-collision buffering device 10, which is disposed at an inner side of the collision avoidance unit 1 by fasteners 11, and the anti-collision buffering device 11 is rubber fender or The anti-collision bag with the filling material body 3 is formed.

The composite surface layer 4 is made of fiber and resin, and the fiber is at least one of carbon fiber, glass fiber, basalt fiber, aramid fiber and hybrid fiber; the resin is unsaturated polyester, At least one of an ortho-benzene resin, a vinyl resin, an epoxy resin, an inorganic resin, or a thermoplastic resin material.

The core material 5 is at least one of polyurethane foam, polyvinyl chloride foam, carbon foam, PEI foam and PMI foam, Balsa wood, paulownia wood, fir or strong core felt.

The energy consuming material 7 is polyurethane foam, polyvinyl chloride foam, carbon foam, PEI foam, PMI foam, Balsa wood, paulownia wood, fir, foam aluminum, foam sand, honeycomb, round tube, bamboo, rubber tire, rubber At least one of a pellet, a rubber block, a polyurethane elastomer, a sand, a mixture of foam particles and sand, a polyphenylene mortar, a hollow tube, and a hollow plastic ball.

The anti-collision unit 1 has a strip shape, a block shape, a circular shape, an elliptical shape, an arc shape, a "7" shape, a ring shape, and a box shape. The present invention has the following advantages over the prior art:

1. The individual anti-collision units of the present invention can be quickly connected to each other through the connecting member, and the single unit is damaged and replaced easily and quickly.

2. The filling material body of the invention adopts the energy-consuming material in the space lattice body to prevent energy consumption, and the cross-web fiber web has high shear strength and certain cushioning elastic deformation ability, and can protect the composite shell. The body does not undergo large shear deformation, and the energy-consuming material between the fiber webs can enhance the local instability resistance of the fiber web, thereby exerting a spatial grid-like energy-consuming structure formed by the fiber web and the energy-consuming material. The function is to reduce the damage caused by the collision of the ship or the vehicle. At the same time, the energy-consuming material used is a green recycled material with compressible buffer energy absorption, so the overall energy absorption effect is good and the cost is low.

3. The shell of the anti-collision unit of the invention adopts a resin-based fiber reinforced composite material, and has excellent corrosion resistance performance, and has a service life of more than 50 years, and can withstand corrosion of various harsh environments such as river water and sea water for a long time; The fiber used is a long fiber which can effectively disperse the impact load with a large contact area.

4. The anti-collision device of the invention has good elastic performance, and can be self-floating or fixed. It can be widely applied to bridge piers, pylons, caps, docks, water buildings and marine buildings of various bridges. And the ship is used to mitigate the impact of ships, ice floes or vehicles; when the ship, ice floes or vehicle impact occurs, the ship, ice floes or vehicle impact time is extended by buffering energy dissipation, and the ship impact force is reduced to protect The structure does not suffer from local damage and can effectively protect the safety of ships, vehicles and personnel.

5. The anti-collision device of the present invention has an unrestricted size and shape, is designed to be strong, has a moderate manufacturing cost, is reliable in collision avoidance, has a long service life, and is easy to maintain and repair. DRAWINGS

Figure 1 is a schematic view showing the structure of the present invention;

2 is a schematic view showing the internal structure of the collision avoidance unit of the present invention;

Figure 3 is a schematic view showing the combined form of the spatial lattice body of the present invention, wherein Figure 3 (a) is a schematic diagram of a unidirectional arrangement of a single layer of a lattice web, and Figure 3 (b) is a two-layer two-layer arrangement of a lattice web. Schematic diagram of the structure, Fig. 3 (c) is a schematic structural view of a two-layer unidirectional arrangement of lattice webs, and Fig. 3 (d) is a schematic structural view of a multi-directional arrangement of lattice webs in multiple layers; One of the structural schematics of the collision device disposed outside the bridge cap;

Figure 5 is a second structural schematic view of the anti-collision device of the present invention disposed outside the bridge cap;

Figure 6 is a third structural schematic view of the anti-collision device of the present invention disposed outside the bridge cap;

Figure 7 is a fourth structural schematic view of the anti-collision device of the present invention disposed outside the bridge cap; Figure 8 is a top plan view showing the structure of the collision avoidance unit of Figure 7;

Figure 9 is a schematic structural view of the anti-collision device of the present invention when it is disposed at a port terminal;

Figure 10 is a schematic structural view of the anti-collision device of the present invention disposed on a cross member of a city overpass;

Figure 11 is a schematic structural view of the anti-collision device of the present invention disposed on a pier;

Figure 12 is a plan view of Figure 10.

Wherein: 1 anti-collision unit; 2 housing; 3 filling material body; 4 composite surface layer; 5—sandwich material; 6 space lattice body; 7—energy consuming material; 8—fiber web; Connector; 10—anti-collision buffer facility; 11 a fastener. detailed description

The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the drawings and embodiments.

As shown in FIG. 1-3, a shock absorbing type web reinforced composite anti-collision device includes an anti-collision unit 1 including a casing 2 and a filling material body 3 located in the casing 2, The casing 2 is a solid casing composed of a composite facing layer 4 or a sandwich casing composed of a composite facing layer 4 filled with a core material 5 and a sandwich material 5, and the composite facing layer 4 is made of fiber and resin. The fiber is made of at least one of carbon fiber, glass fiber, basalt fiber, aramid fiber and hybrid fiber, and the resin is selected from unsaturated polyester, phthalic acid resin, vinyl resin, epoxy resin, inorganic resin or thermoplastic resin material. At least one of; the core material 5 is at least one of polyurethane foam, polyvinyl chloride foam, carbon foam, PEI foam and PMI foam, Balsa wood, paulownia wood, fir or strong core felt. The filling material body 3 comprises a spatial lattice body 6 and an energy consuming material 7, which is arranged in a single layer by a fiber web 8 in a single layer, a single layer bidirectional, a multilayer one-way or a multi-layer multi-directional arrangement in the casing 2 The inner portion, the angle at which the fiber webs 8 intersect, is optional, but is preferably arranged in an orthogonal manner; the energy consuming material 7 is located between the fiber webs 8 and/or between the fiber webs 8 and the inner wall of the casing 2, and consumes Energy material 7 is selected from polyurethane foam, polyvinyl chloride foam, carbon foam, PEI foam, PMI foam, Balsa wood, paulownia wood, fir, foam aluminum, foam sand, honeycomb, round tube, bamboo, rubber tire, rubber grain, rubber block At least one of a polyurethane elastomer, sand, a mixture of foam particles and sand, a polyphenylene mortar, a hollow tube, and a hollow plastic ball. The size, quantity, and position of the energy consuming material 7 can be flexibly adopted according to the actual force of the structure. The filling material body 3 may be formed by previously forming the space lattice body 6 with the fiber web 8 and then filling the energy consuming material 7, or a fiber web 8 and the energy consuming material 7 and the casing 2 may be simultaneously molded. In addition, in order to further enhance the performance of the collision avoidance unit 1, an anti-collision buffering device 10 may be disposed on the side of the collision avoidance unit 1, and the anti-collision buffering device 10 is disposed at the inner side of the collision avoidance unit 1 by the fasteners 11, and the collision avoidance The cushioning device 11 can be made of a rubber fender or an anti-collision bag in which the filling material body 3 is built. The collision avoidance unit 1 has a strip shape, a block shape, a circular shape, an elliptical shape, an arc shape, a "7" shape, a ring shape, a box shape or the like The shape of the body shape matches. The two adjacent collision avoidance units 1 adjacent to each other and connected to each other may be connected by a connecting member 9 which is one or more of a cable, a stainless steel chain, a cable, a steel strand, a bolt, a nylon rod or a pin. The combination of the collision avoidance unit 1 can be directly fixed to the surface of the collision avoidance object by using a fastening member such as a bolt. In addition, in order to ensure the stability of the collision avoidance unit 1, the collision avoidance unit 1 can also be fixed to the collision avoidance target body using the fastener 11.

Example 1

As shown in FIG. 4, a buffer energy absorbing web reinforced composite material anti-collision device has an annular floating rotatable structure matched with the shape of the bridge platform, and the annular structure is composed of a plurality of anti-collision structures. The unit 1 and the anti-collision buffering device 10 disposed inside thereof are composed of a bumpering device 10 made of rubber fenders, and are disposed at the inner side of the collision avoidance unit 1 by fasteners 11 made of bolts. The collision avoidance unit 1 is composed of a casing 2 and a filling material body 3 filled in the casing 2, and the casing 2 is a solid casing composed of a composite surface layer 4 of glass fiber and vinyl resin cured; The energy consuming material 7 is made of polyurethane foam, and the biaxial fiberglass cloth is wrapped on the outer side of the polyurethane foam, and the spatial lattice body 6 formed by the fiber web 8 is laid in multiple layers and multidirectionally, and then integrally formed by vacuum introduction. Hit unit 1. After the anti-collision unit 1 is prepared at the factory, the anti-collision buffering device 10 is installed on the inner side of the anti-collision unit 1 by using bolts as the fasteners 11 at the installation site, and the adjacent anti-collision unit 1 is fixedly connected by using the bolt as the connecting member 9 It forms a buffered energy absorbing web reinforced composite anti-collision device that matches the periphery of the pier.

Example 2

As shown in FIG. 5, a buffer energy absorbing web reinforced composite material anti-collision device has an annular fixing structure matched with the shape of the bridge platform, and the annular structure is composed of a plurality of collision avoidance units 1. The collision avoidance unit 1 is composed of a casing 2 and a filling material body 3 filled in the casing 2, and the casing 2 having an arc-shaped cross section is a composite material layer 4 formed by solidifying basalt fiber and epoxy resin, and is filled in The composite material layer 4 is composed of a sandwich material 5 made of paulownia wood; the energy consuming material 7 in the casing 2 is a round tube filled in a cavity formed by the space lattice body 6. After the anti-collision unit 1 is prepared at the factory, after the anti-collision unit 1 is connected by using the steel strand as the connecting member 9 at the installation site, the connected anti-collision unit 1 is fixed to the outside of the bridge cap by bolts, and the collision avoidance is performed. The number and arrangement of units 1 are designed according to functional needs.

Example 3

As shown in FIG. 6 , a buffered energy absorption type web reinforced composite material anti-collision device has an annular fixing structure matched with the shape of the bridge platform, and the annular structure is composed of a plurality of collision avoidance units 1 The collision avoidance unit 1 is composed of a casing 2 and a filling material body 3 filled in the casing 2, and the casing 2 having a "7" shape in cross section is composed of a composite surface layer 4 made of glass fiber and vinyl resin. The solid shell; the energy consuming material 7 in the shell 2 is made of polyurethane foam, and is wrapped on the outer side of the polyurethane foam by ±45° to the glass fiber cloth and then formed by multi-directional multi-directional laying of the fiber web 8 The space lattice body 6 is integrally formed with the collision avoidance unit 1 by a vacuum introduction process. After the anti-collision unit 1 is prepared at the factory, at the installation site, the anti-collision unit 1 is hung on the concrete bridge platform, and the anti-collision unit 1 is fixedly connected to the outer side of the bridge cap by bolts. The number and arrangement of the collision avoidance units 1 are designed according to functional needs.

Example 4

As shown in FIG. 7 and FIG. 8 , a buffer energy absorbing web reinforced composite material anti-collision device has a semi-annular fixed structure matched with the shape of the bridge cap, and the semi-annular structure is composed of several The collision avoidance unit 1 is composed of a casing 2 and a filling material body 3 filled in the casing 2, the casing 2 has a box shape and is chamfered, and the casing 2 is made of basalt fiber and The composite material layer 4 formed by curing the epoxy resin and the core material 5 filled with balsa wood filled in the composite material layer 4; the energy consuming material 7 in the casing 2 is selected from the laterally arranged bamboo, and is arranged horizontally. The bamboo is filled in a cavity formed by the space lattice 6. After the anti-collision unit 1 is prepared at the factory, at the installation site, the bolts are used as the connecting members. 9 The collision avoidance unit 1 can be fixed along the collision area of the bridge cap on the outside of the bridge cap. The number and arrangement of the collision avoidance units 1 are designed according to the functional requirements.

Example 5

As shown in FIG. 9, a buffer energy absorbing web reinforced composite material anti-collision device is disposed on a port wharf. The anti-collision device is composed of a plurality of anti-collision units 1 and the collision avoidance unit 1 is provided by a shell. The body 2 and the filling material body 3 filled in the casing 2 are formed, and the casing 2 having a cylindrical cross section is made of a composite material layer 4 formed by curing glass fibers and vinyl resin, and is filled in the composite material layer 4 It is composed of a sandwich material 5 made of paulownia wood, and a local filling hole is reserved; a space lattice body 6 is arranged in advance in the casing 2, and the composite material casing 2 is integrally formed by a vacuum introduction process and then moved to the casing 2 The foamed sand is internally filled as the energy consuming material 7, and the filling hole is sealed in the hand lay-up glass reinforced plastic to form the cylindrical collision avoidance unit 1. After the collision avoidance unit 1 is prepared at the factory, at the installation site, the collision avoidance unit 1 can be fixed to the outside of the port terminal by bolts along the collision area of the port terminal. The number and arrangement of the collision avoidance units 1 are designed according to functional needs.

Example 6

As shown in FIG. 10, a buffer energy absorbing web reinforced composite material anti-collision device is disposed on a cross member of an urban overpass bridge, thereby preventing vehicle damage caused by an urban super-high vehicle striking the main beam of the bridge. Casualties, bridges and even collapsed. The collision avoidance unit 1 is composed of a casing 2 and a filling material body 3 filled in the casing 2, the casing 2 has a block shape, and the casing 2 is a composite surface layer formed by curing glass fiber and vinyl resin. 4The solid shell is formed; the energy consuming material 7 in the casing 2 is made of polyurethane foam, and the collision avoidance unit 1 is integrally formed by a vacuum introduction process. After the anti-collision unit 1 is prepared at the factory, at the installation site, the anti-collision unit 1 can be arranged laterally along the cross member of the urban overpass at the installation site. The number and arrangement of the collision avoidance units 1 are designed according to functional needs.

Example 7 As shown in FIG. 11 and FIG. 12, a buffer energy absorbing type web reinforced composite material anti-collision device has an annular fixing structure matched with the shape of the pier, and the ring structure comprises a plurality of collision avoidance units 1 The anti-collision unit 1 is composed of a casing 2 and a filling material body 3 filled in the casing 2, and the casing 2 whose cross-section matches the shape of the pier is a composite surface formed by curing glass fiber and unsaturated polyester resin. The solid shell formed by the layer 4; the shell 2 is filled with the energy consuming material 7 composed of PEI foam and the space lattice body 6 composed of glass fiber cloth, and the collision avoidance unit 1 is integrally formed by a vacuum introduction process. After the collision avoidance unit 1 is prepared at the factory, at the installation site, the collision avoidance unit 1 is bolted to the outside of the pier to prevent the vehicle from colliding. The number and arrangement of the collision avoidance units 1 are designed according to functional needs.

The above are several examples of the composite material collision avoidance device of the present invention, but the protection of the present invention is not limited to these examples. The parts not covered by the present invention are the same as the prior art or can be implemented by the prior art.

Claims

The invention relates to a buffer energy absorbing web reinforced composite anti-collision device, which comprises an anti-collision unit (1), the anti-collision unit (1) comprises a casing (2) and a filling in the casing (2) a material body (3), characterized in that the casing (2) is a solid shell composed of a composite facing layer (4) or a composite facing layer (4) internally filled with a sandwich material (5) and a sandwich material composed of a sandwich material (5); the filling material body (3) comprises a space lattice body (6) and an energy consuming material (7), and the space lattice body (6) is composed of a fiber web (8) Single-layer unidirectional, single-layer bidirectional, multi-layer unidirectional or multi-layer multi-directional arrangement in the casing (2), energy-consuming material (7) located between the fiber webs (8) and/or fiber webs (8) Between the inner wall of the housing (2).

The shock absorbing type web reinforced composite anti-collision device according to claim 1, characterized in that the adjacent and interconnected two anti-collision units (1) pass through the connecting member (9) Connected.

The shock absorbing web reinforcement composite anti-collision device according to claim 2, wherein the connecting member (9) is a cable, a stainless steel chain, a cable, a steel strand, a bolt, a nylon rod or a pin. One or a combination of several.

The shock absorbing type web reinforced composite material anti-collision device according to claim 1, characterized in that the side of the collision avoidance unit (1) is provided with an anti-collision buffering device (10), and the anti-collision The buffering device (10) is disposed at an inner side of the collision avoidance unit (1) by fasteners (11), and the collision buffering device (11) is made of a rubber fender or an anti-collision bag with a filling material body (3). .

The shock absorbing type web reinforced composite material collision preventing device according to claim 1, wherein the composite material layer (4) is made of fiber and resin, and the fiber is carbon fiber or glass fiber. At least one of basalt fiber, aramid fiber, and hybrid fiber; the resin is at least one of an unsaturated polyester, an o-phenyl resin, a vinyl resin, an epoxy resin, an inorganic resin, or a thermoplastic resin material. Kind.

The buffered energy absorbing web reinforced composite anti-collision device according to claim 1, wherein the sandwich material (5) is a polyurethane foam, a polyvinyl chloride foam, a carbon foam, a PEI foam, and a PMI foam. At least one of Balsa wood, paulownia wood, fir or strong core felt.

The shock absorbing web reinforcement composite anti-collision device according to claim 1, wherein the energy consuming material (7) is polyurethane foam, polyvinyl chloride foam, carbon foam, PEI foam, PMI foam. , Balsa wood, paulownia wood, fir, foam aluminum, foam sand, honeycomb, round tube, bamboo, rubber tires, rubber particles, rubber blocks, polyurethane elastomer, sand, foam particles and sand mixture, polyphenylene mortar, hollow At least one of a tube and a hollow plastic ball. The shock absorbing type web reinforced composite material anti-collision device according to claim 1, wherein the anti-collision unit (1) has a strip shape, a block shape, a circular shape, an elliptical shape, and an arc shape. 7" glyph, ring, box shape.