Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
  • C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
  • C08K5/16—Nitrogen-containing compounds
  • C08K5/17—Amines; Quaternary ammonium compounds
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
  • B60C—VEHICLE TYRES; TYRE INFLATION; TYRE CHANGING; CONNECTING VALVES TO INFLATABLE ELASTIC BODIES IN GENERAL; DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS RELATED TO TYRES
  • B60C1/00—Tyres characterised by the chemical composition or the physical arrangement or mixture of the composition
  • B60C1/0016—Compositions of the tread
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
  • B60C—VEHICLE TYRES; TYRE INFLATION; TYRE CHANGING; CONNECTING VALVES TO INFLATABLE ELASTIC BODIES IN GENERAL; DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS RELATED TO TYRES
  • B60C1/00—Tyres characterised by the chemical composition or the physical arrangement or mixture of the composition
  • B60C2001/0066—Compositions of the belt layers

Definitions

• the invention relates to tires and more particularly to those whose composition comprises a hydroxylated diamine.
• this solution has many other advantages over the compositions of the prior art and in particular the use of a lower cost compound and improving the environmental footprint.
• hydroxyl diamines within the meaning of the invention are tertiary amines substituted with alkyl chains and one of whose alkyl chains carries a primary amine function and at least one of the alkyl chains carries at least one hydroxyl function. These hydroxyl diamines have never been used as proposed by the applicants to replace guanidine derivatives in diene elastomer mixtures comprising silica as a majority filler, with the advantages presented above.
• the invention therefore relates to a tire comprising a rubber composition based on at least one diene elastomer, a reinforcing filler comprising predominantly silica, a crosslinking system, said composition being essentially devoid of guanidine derivative and further comprising a hydroxylated diamine of formula (I
• R 1 represents a linear or branched alkylene group comprising from 1 to 18 carbon atoms
• R 2 and R 3 independently represent a linear or branched alkyl group comprising from 1 to 18 carbon atoms
• the hydroxylated diamine of formula ( I) carries one or more hydroxyl groups on at least one carbon chain selected from R-1, R 2 and R 3 .
• the invention relates to a tire as defined above, in which the composition comprising the hydroxylated diamine contains less than 0.45 phr of guanidine derivative, and preferably less than 0.4 phr.
• the invention relates to a tire as defined above, in which the hydroxylated diamine level is from 0.1 to 8 phr, preferably from more than 0.15 phr to 7 phr. More preferentially, the hydroxylated diamine level is from 0.2 to 5 phr, preferably from more than 0.25 phr to 4 phr.
• the invention relates to a tire as defined above, in which R 1, R 2 and R 3 comprise from 2 to 8 carbon atoms, more preferably from 2 to 6 carbon atoms and very preferably from 2 to 4 carbon atoms. carbon atoms. Preferentially also, R 1, R 2 and R 3 represent a linear carbon chain. Also preferably, the number of hydroxyl groups borne by the hydroxylated diamine of formula (I) is from 1 to 4, more preferably from 1, 2 or 3. This or these hydroxyl groups are preferably carried by R 2 and R 3 . Very preferably, R 2 bears a hydroxyl group, R 3 bears a hydroxyl group and R- 1 bears no hydroxyl group. Preferably, the invention relates to a tire as defined above, in which the silica content is from 30 to 150 phr.
• the invention relates to a tire such as defined above, wherein the reinforcing filler comprises carbon black, in a minority.
• the carbon black content is from 0.5 to 50 phr.
• the invention relates to a tire as defined above, in which the diene elastomer is chosen from the group consisting of polybutadienes, synthetic polyisoprenes, natural rubber, butadiene copolymers and copolymers. of isoprene (such as butadiene-styrene copolymers, isoprene-butadiene copolymers, isoprene-styrene copolymers or isoprene-butadiene-styrene copolymers) and mixtures of these elastomers.
• isoprene such as butadiene-styrene copolymers, isoprene-butadiene copolymers, isoprene-styrene copolymers or isoprene-butadiene-styrene copolymers
• the invention relates to a tire as defined above, in which the diene elastomer is predominantly composed of non-isoprene diene elastomer.
• the invention relates to a tire as defined above, in which the diene elastomer is composed of 100 phr of non-isoprene diene elastomer.
• the invention relates to a tire as defined above, in which the non-isoprene diene elastomer is chosen from the group consisting of polybutadienes, butadiene copolymers and isoprene copolymers (such as copolymers of butadiene-styrene, isoprene-butadiene copolymers, isoprene-styrene copolymers or isoprene-butadiene-styrene copolymers) and mixtures of these elastomers.
• the non-isoprene diene elastomer is chosen from the group consisting of polybutadienes, butadiene copolymers and isoprene copolymers (such as copolymers of butadiene-styrene, isoprene-butadiene copolymers, isoprene-styrene copolymers or isoprene-butadiene
• the invention relates to a tire as defined above, wherein the composition further comprises a plasticizer, preferably selected from plasticizing resins, extension oils and mixtures thereof.
• a plasticizer preferably selected from plasticizing resins, extension oils and mixtures thereof.
• the invention relates to a tire as defined above, in which the level of plasticizer is from 5 to 100 phr.
• the invention relates to a tire as defined above, wherein the composition is further free of zinc or contains less than 0.5 phr, preferably less than 0.3 phr. Also preferably, the invention relates to a tire as defined above, further comprising a coupling agent.
• the invention relates to a tire as defined above in which the coupling agent is a hydroxysilane polysulfide corresponding to the general formula (I II):
• radicals R which are identical or different, are hydrocarbon groups preferably comprising from 1 to 15 carbon atoms;
• radicals R ' which may be identical or different, are divalent linking groups preferably comprising from 1 to 18 carbon atoms;
• a and b identical or different, are 1 or 2;
• x is a number greater than or equal to 2.
• the invention relates to a tire as defined above in which the coupling agent is a monohydroxysilane in which a and b are equal to 1.
• the invention relates to a tire as defined above in which the R radicals are chosen from linear or branched C 1 -C 6 alkyls, C 5 -C 8 cycloalkyls or a phenyl radical; the radicals R 'are selected from alkylene Ci C 8 arylene or C 6 -C 2. More particularly, the radicals R are chosen from C 1 -C 6 alkyls and R 'radicals from C 1 -C 10 alkylenes.
• the invention relates to a tire as defined above in which the hydroxysilane is a polysulfide of monohydroxysilane of formula (IV):
• RR (IV) wherein the R radicals are C1-C3 alkyls, preferably methyl; the R 'radicals of the C1-C4 alkylenes, preferably methylene, ethylene or propylene; x is greater than or equal to 2. More particularly, the hydroxysilane is a polysulfide of bis- (propyldimethylsilanol) of particular formula (IVa):
• the invention relates to a tire as defined above, in which the composition comprising the hydroxylated diamine is the composition of a tire layer selected from the group consisting of all or part of the tread, of all or part of the tire belt and their combinations.
• the invention relates to a tire as defined above, in which the composition comprising the hydroxylated diamine is that of all or part of the tread.
• the tire according to the invention may comprise the composition described above in one or more of its different layers, such as, for example, the tread, the plies of the tire belt, the carcass ply or any other layer.
• the tire tread designates the rubber layer in contact with the ground, wholly (that is to say throughout its thickness) or a part of the latter (including the underlayer ), especially when it is composed of several layers.
• the invention relates to a tire as defined above in which the composition comprising the hydroxylated diamine is the composition of a tire layer selected from the group consisting of all or part of the tread, of all or part of the tire belt and their combinations
• the invention relates to a tire as defined above in which the composition specified is that of all or part of the tread.
• the tire according to the invention will be chosen from tires intended to equip a two-wheeled vehicle, a passenger vehicle, or a so-called “heavy vehicle” (that is to say, subway, bus, vehicles outside). -the- roads, road transport vehicles such as trucks, tractors, trailers), or aircraft, civil engineering, agrarian, or handling equipment.
• compositions according to the invention are based on the following constituents: at least one diene elastomer, a reinforcing filler, a crosslinking system, and a hydroxylated diamine.
• composition based on is meant a composition comprising the mixture and / or the reaction product in situ of the various basic constituents used, some of these constituents being able to react and / or being intended to react with one another, at least partially, during the various phases of manufacture of the composition, or during subsequent firing, modifying the composition as it was initially prepared.
• the compositions as implemented for the invention may be different in the uncrosslinked state and in the crosslinked state.
• any range of values designated by the expression "between a and b" represents the range of values from more than a to less than b (i.e. terminals a and b excluded) while any range of values designated by the term “from a to b” means the range from a to b (i.e., including the strict limits a and b).
• compositions may contain a single diene elastomer or a mixture of several diene elastomers.
• elastomer or "rubber”, the two terms being considered synonymous
• diene monomers monomers bearing two carbon-carbon double bonds, conjugated or otherwise.
• Diene elastomers can be classified into two categories “essentially unsaturated” or “essentially saturated”.
• the term “essentially unsaturated” is generally understood to mean a diene elastomer derived at least in part from conjugated diene monomers, having a level of units or units of diene origin (conjugated dienes) which is greater than 15% (mol%);
• diene elastomers such as butyl rubbers or copolymers of dienes and alpha-olefins of the EPDM type do not fall within the above definition and may in particular be described as "essentially saturated” diene elastomers ( low or very low diene origin, always less than 15%).
• the term “highly unsaturated” diene elastomer is particularly understood to mean a diene elastomer having a content of units of diene origin (conjugated dienes) which is greater than 50%.
• iene elastomer can be understood more particularly to be used in the compositions according to the invention:
• diene elastomer any type of diene elastomer
• the person skilled in the tire art will understand that the present invention is preferably implemented with essentially unsaturated diene elastomers, in particular of the type (a) or (b). ) above.
• conjugated dienes 1,3-butadiene, 2-methyl-1,3-butadiene, 2,3-di (C 1 -C 5 alkyl) -1,3-butadienes, such as for example 2, are particularly suitable.
• Suitable vinylaromatic compounds are, for example, styrene, ortho-, meta-, para-methylstyrene, the "vinyl-toluene" commercial mixture, para-tertiarybutylstyrene, methoxystyrenes, chlorostoises, vinylmesitylene, divinylbenzene, vinylnaphthalene.
• the copolymers may contain between 99% and 20% by weight of diene units and between 1% and 80% by weight of vinylaromatic units.
• the elastomers may have any microstructure which is a function of the polymerization conditions used, in particular the presence or absence of a modifying and / or randomizing agent and the amounts of modifying and / or randomizing agent used.
• the elastomers can be for example block, statistical, sequenced, microsequenced, and be prepared in dispersion or in solution; they may be coupled and / or starred or functionalized with a coupling agent and / or starring or functionalization.
• silanol or polysiloxane functional groups having a silanol end as described, for example, in FR 2,740,778, US 6,013,718 and WO 2008/141702
• alkoxysilane groups as described for example in FR 2,765,882 or US 5,977,238,
• carboxylic groups as described for example in WO 01/92402 or US 6,815,473, WO 2004/096865 or US 2006/0089445).
• elastomers such as SBR, BR, NR or IR of the epoxidized type.
• These functionalized elastomers may be used in a blend with each other or with unfunctionalized elastomers.
• a silanol or polysiloxane functionalized elastomer having a silanol end in admixture with a coupled and / or tin-starred elastomer (described in WO 11/042507), may be used, the latter representing a level of from 5 to 50%, for example 25 to 50%.
• Suitable polybutadienes and in particular those having a content (mol%) in units -1, 2 of between 4% and 80% or those having a content (mol%) in cis-1, 4 greater than 80%, polyisoprenes, butadiene-styrene copolymers and in especially those having a Tg (glass transition temperature (Tg, measured according to ASTM D3418) between 0 ° C and -70 ° C and more particularly between -10 ° C and -60 ° C, a styrene content of between 5% and 60% by weight and more particularly between 20% and 50%, a content (mol%) of -1,2 bonds of the butadiene part of between 4% and 75%, a content (mol%) of trans-1 bonds.
• Tg glass transition temperature
• butadiene-isoprene copolymers and in particular those having an isoprene content of between 5% and 90% by weight and a Tg of -40 ° C to -80 ° C.
• butadiene-styrene-isoprene copolymers those having a specific styrene content between 5% and 50% by weight and more particularly between 10% and 40%, an isoprene content included in 15% and 60% by weight and more particularly between 20% and 50%, a butadiene content of between 5% and 50% by weight and more particularly between 20% and 40%, a content (mol%) in units -1, 2 of the butadiene part of between 4% and 85%, a content (mol%) in trans units -1, 4 of the butadiene part of between 6% and 80%, a content (mol%) in units - 1, 2 plus -3.4 of the isoprene part of between 5% and 70% and a content (mol%) in trans-1,4 units of the isoprenic part of between 10% and 50%, and more generally any copolymer butadiene-styrene-isoprene having a Tg between -20 ° C and -70 ° C.
• the diene elastomer of the composition is preferably chosen from the group of highly unsaturated diene elastomers consisting of polybutadienes (abbreviated "BR"), synthetic polyisoprenes (IR), natural rubber (NR), copolymers butadiene, isoprene copolymers and mixtures of these elastomers.
• BR polybutadienes
• IR synthetic polyisoprenes
• NR natural rubber
• copolymers butadiene butadiene
• isoprene copolymers and mixtures of these elastomers.
• Such copolymers are more preferably selected from the group consisting of butadiene-styrene copolymers (SBR), isoprene-butadiene copolymers (BIR), isoprene-styrene copolymers (SIR), isoprene-copolymers of butadiene-styrene (SBIR), butadiene-acrylonitrile copolymers (NBR), butadiene-styrene-acrylonitrile copolymers (NSBR) or a mixture of two or more of these compounds.
• SBR butadiene-styrene copolymers
• BIR isoprene-butadiene copolymers
• SIR isoprene-styrene copolymers
• NBR butadiene-acrylonitrile copolymers
• NSBR butadiene-styrene-acrylonitrile copolymers
• the composition comprises from 50 to 100 phr of an SBR elastomer, whether it be an emulsion-prepared SBR ("ESBR") or a SBR prepared in solution ("SSBR ").
• the diene elastomer is a blend (mixture) SBR / BR.
• the diene elastomer is a SBR / NR (or SBR / IR), BR / NR (or BR / IR) or SBR / BR / NR (or SBR / BR / IR) blend. ).
• an SBR elastomer In the case of an SBR elastomer (ESBR or SSBR), an SBR having an average styrene content, for example between 20% and 35% by weight, or a high styrene content, for example 35 to 35% by weight, is used in particular. 45%, a vinyl content of the butadiene part of between 15% and 70%, a content (mol%) of trans-1,4 bonds of between 15% and 75% and a Tg of between -10 ° C. and -55 ° C; such an SBR can be advantageously used in admixture with a BR preferably having more than 90% (mol%) of cis-1,4 bonds.
• the diene elastomer is a predominantly isoprene elastomer (that is to say whose mass fraction of isoprene elastomer is the largest, compared to the mass fraction of other elastomers).
• isoprene elastomer is meant in known manner a homopolymer or copolymer of isoprene, in other words a diene elastomer selected from the group consisting of natural rubber (NR) which can be plasticized or peptized, the polyisoprenes of synthesis (IR), the various isoprene copolymers and the mixtures of these elastomers.
• isoprene copolymers examples include butyl rubber - NR), isoprene-styrene (SIR), isoprene-butadiene (BIR) or isoprene-butadiene-styrene (SBIR).
• This isoprene elastomer is preferably natural rubber or a synthetic cis-1,4 polyisoprene; of these synthetic polyisoprenes, polyisoprenes having a level (mol%) of cis-1,4 bonds greater than 90%, more preferably still greater than 98%, are preferably used.
• the rubber composition comprises predominantly (that is to say with the highest mass ratio), a non-isoprene diene elastomer.
• non-isoprene diene elastomer is meant within the meaning of the present application an elastomer derived at least in part (ie, a homopolymer or a copolymer) from monomers dienes (monomers bearing two carbon-carbon double bonds) other than isoprene.
• non-isoprenic diene elastomers within the meaning of this definition therefore also include copolymers comprising isoprene as a comonomer.
• Natural rubber and isoprenic homopolymers are excluded from the present definition. According to this preferred embodiment, all the elastomers mentioned above with the exception of natural rubber and polyisoprenes are suitable as non-isoprene diene elastomer.
• non-isoprenic diene elastomers preferably chosen from the group of highly unsaturated diene elastomers consisting of polybutadienes (abbreviated to "BR"), butadiene copolymers, isoprene copolymers and mixtures of these elastomers.
• Such copolymers are more preferably selected from the group consisting of butadiene-styrene copolymers (SBR), isoprene-butadiene copolymers (BIR), isoprene-styrene copolymers (SIR) and isoprene-copolymers.
• SBR butadiene-styrene copolymers
• BIR isoprene-butadiene copolymers
• SIR isoprene-styrene copolymers
• SBIR butadiene-styrene
• the level of non-isoprene diene elastomer is more than 50 phr, more preferably at least 60 phr, more preferably at least 70 phr, more preferably at least 80 phr. pce and very preferably at least 90 phr.
• the level of non-isoprene diene elastomer is very preferably 100 phr.
• the rubber composition comprises a blend of one (or more) diene elastomers referred to as "high Tg” having a Tg of between -70 ° C. and 0 ° C. and one (or more) diene elastomers known as "low Tg” between -1 10 ° C and -80 ° C, more preferably between -105 ° C and -90 ° C.
• the high Tg elastomer is preferably selected from the group consisting of S-SBR, E-SBR, natural rubber, synthetic polyisoprenes (having a molar ratio (% molar) of C 1 -C 4 preferably greater than 95%), BIRs, SIRs, SBIRs, and mixtures of these elastomers.
• the low Tg elastomer preferably comprises butadiene units at a level (mol%) of at least 70%; it consists preferably of a polybutadiene (BR) having a content (mol%) of cis-1,4 chains greater than 90%.
• the rubber composition comprises, for example, between 30 and 90 phr, in particular between 40 and 90 phr, of a high Tg elastomer in a blend with a low Tg elastomer.
• the diene elastomer of the composition according to the invention comprises a blend of a BR (as low elastomer Tg) having a rate (% molar) of cis-chains. 1, 4 greater than 90%, with one or more S-SBR or E-SBR (as elastomer (s) high Tg).
• BR low elastomer Tg
• S-SBR or E-SBR as elastomer (s) high Tg.
• the tire according to the invention comprises a composition which contains, predominantly, silica as a reinforcing filler.
• majority reinforcing filler is meant that which has the highest rate among the reinforcing fillers present in the composition.
• major reinforcing filler means any reinforcing filler which represents at least 50% by weight of the reinforcing fillers present, preferably more than 50% and more preferably more than 60%.
• the physical state under which the reinforcing filler is present is indifferent, whether in the form of powder, microbeads, granules, beads or any other suitable densified form.
• the volume fraction of reinforcing filler in the rubber composition is defined as the ratio of the volume of the reinforcing filler to the volume of all the constituents of the composition, it being understood that the volume of all the constituents is calculated in adding the volume of each of the constituents of the composition.
• the volume fraction of reinforcing filler in a composition is therefore defined as the ratio of the volume of the reinforcing filler to the sum of the volumes of each of the constituents of the composition, typically this volume fraction is between 10% and 30%, preferably between 15% and 25%.
• the total reinforcing filler content (carbon black and / or reinforcing inorganic filler such as silica) is 30 to 200 phr, more preferably 30 to 150 phr, and very preferably 50 to 100 phr. 135 pce.
• a load is used reinforcing agent comprising from 30 to 150 phr of silica, more preferably from 50 to 130 phr of silica, and optionally carbon black; the carbon black, when present, is used in combination with silica more preferably at a level of 0.5 to 50 phr, more preferably from 1 to 20 phr (especially between 1 and 10 phr).
• the composition may contain a type of silica or a blend of several silicas.
• the silica used may be any reinforcing silica known to those skilled in the art, in particular any precipitated or fumed silica having a BET surface and a CTAB specific surface both less than 450 m 2 / g, preferably from 30 to 400 m 2 / g.
• HDS highly dispersible precipitated silicas
• the silicas “Ultrasil 7000" and “Ultrasil 7005" from the company Degussa the silicas “Zeosil” 1 165MP, 1 135MP and 1 1 15MP of the Rhodia company, the "Hi-Sil EZ150G” silica of the PPG company, the “Zeopol” 8715, 8745 and 8755 silicas of the Huber Company, treated precipitated silicas, such as, for example, the "aluminum doped” silicas described in FIG. EP-A-0735088 or high surface area silicas as described in WO 03/16837.
• the silica preferably has a BET surface area of between 45 and 400 m 2 / g, more preferably between 60 and 300 m 2 / g.
• compositions may optionally also contain, in addition to the coupling agents, coupling activators, inorganic charge-covering agents or, more generally, processing aid agents that can be used in a known manner, thanks to an improvement in the dispersion of the filler in the rubber matrix and a lowering of the viscosity of the compositions, to improve their ability to implement in the green state, these agents being, for example, hydrolysable silanes such as alkylalkoxysilanes, polyols, fatty acids, polyethers, primary, secondary or tertiary amines, hydroxylated or hydrolysable polyorganosiloxanes.
• hydrolysable silanes such as alkylalkoxysilanes, polyols, fatty acids, polyethers, primary, secondary or tertiary amines, hydroxylated or hydrolysable polyorganosiloxanes.
• polysulfide silanes called “symmetrical” or “asymmetrical” silanes according to their particular structure, are used, as described for example in the applications WO03 / 002648 (or US 2005/016651) and WO03 / 002649 (or US 2005/016650).
• polysulphide silanes known as "symmetrical" silanes having the following general formula (II) are suitable, but not limited to, below: (II) Z - A - S x - A - Z, wherein:
• x is an integer of 2 to 8 (preferably 2 to 5);
• - A is a divalent hydrocarbon radical (preferably alkylene groups C1-C18 or arylene groups, C 6 -C 2, more particularly alkylene C1-C1 0, in particular C1-C4, particularly propylene);
• radicals R 1 substituted or unsubstituted, identical or different, represent an alkyl group C 1 -C 18 cycloalkyl, C 5 -C 8 aryl or C 6 -C 8 (preferably alkyl, CrC 6 , cyclohexyl or phenyl, especially C1-C4 alkyl groups, more particularly methyl and / or ethyl).
• radicals R 2 substituted or unsubstituted, identical or different, represent an alkoxy group C1-C18 cycloalkoxy or C 5 -C 8 (preferably a group selected from alkoxyls C 8 and C cycloalkoxyls 5 -C 8 , more preferably still a group selected from C 1 -C 4 alkoxyls, in particular methoxyl and ethoxyl).
• silane polysulfides are more particularly the bis (mono, trisulfide or tetrasulfide) of bis (alkoxyl (CiC 4) - alkyl (CiC 4) silyl-alkyl (CiC 4)) as, for example, polysulfides of bis (3-trimethoxysilylpropyl) or bis (3-triethoxysilylpropyl).
• TESPT bis (3-triethoxysilylpropyl) tetrasulfide
• TESPD bis (3-triethoxysilylpropyl) tetrasulfide
• TESPD bis (triethoxysilylpropyl) disulfide
• polysulfides in particular disulphides, trisulphides or tetrasulphides
• bis-monoethoxydimethylsilylpropyl tetrasulfide such as described in patent application WO 02/083782 (or US 2004/132880).
• the coupling agent may be a hydroxysilane polysulfide (as described in the documents cited above) corresponding to the general formula (III): (HO) a R (3-a Si-R'-S x -R'-Si R (3-b) (OH) b (III) in which:
• radicals R which are identical or different, are hydrocarbon groups preferably comprising from 1 to 15 carbon atoms;
• radicals R ' which are identical or different, are divalent linking groups preferably comprising from 1 to 18 carbon atoms;
• a and b identical or different, are equal to 1 or 2;
• radicals R which are identical or different, linear or branched, preferably comprising from 1 to 15 carbon atoms, are more preferentially chosen from alkyls, cycloalkyls or aryls, in particular from the C 1 -C 6 alkyls, C 5 -C 8 cycloalkyls and the phenyl radical.
• these radicals mention may be made, for example, of those selected from the group consisting of methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, sec-butyl, tert-butyl, n-pentyl and neopentyl.
• n-hexyl 2- ethylhexyl
• n-octyl isooctyl
• cyclopentyl cyclohexyl, 2-methylcyclohexyl, phenyl, toluyl, benzyl.
• radicals R which may be identical or different, are C1-C3 alkyls (namely methyl, ethyl, n-propyl or isopropyl), chosen in particular from methyl and ethyl.
• the radicals R ' are preferably hydrocarbon radicals, saturated or unsaturated, containing from 1 to 18 carbon atoms, these radicals R' being able to be interrupted within the hydrocarbon chain by at least one heteroatom such as O, S or N.
• Particularly suitable are C 1 -C 8 alkylene groups or C 6 -C 12 arylene groups, more particularly C 1 -C 10 alkylenes, especially C 1 -C 4 alkylenes, in particular those chosen from methylene, ethylene and propylene.
• the hydroxysilane is a monohydroxysilane, that is to say that a and b are equal to 1.
• the radicals R are chosen from linear or branched C 1 -C 6 alkyls, C 5 -C 8 cycloalkyls or a phenyl radical; the radicals R 'are selected from alkylene C1-C18 or arylene C 6 -C 2, more particularly, the radicals R are selected from alkyl and -C 6 the radicals R' from alkylene C1-C10 .
• the hydroxysilane is a polysulfide of mono- hydroxysilane of formula (IV):
• the hydroxysilane may be a polysulfide of bis (propyldimethylsilanol) of particular formula (IVa):
• This product of formula (IVa) corresponds to the product D in the aforementioned document WO 02/31041 (or US 2004/051210).
• the content of coupling agent is preferably between 2 and 15 phr, more preferably between 3 and 13 and even more preferably between 5 and 10 phr.
• any type of reinforcing filler known for its ability to reinforce a rubber composition that can be used for the manufacture of tires for example an organic filler such as carbon black, a reinforcing inorganic filler such as alumina, or a blend of these two types of filler.
• Carbon blacks are suitable for all carbon blacks, especially so-called pneumatic grade blacks.
• the reinforcing carbon blacks of the 100, 200 or 300 series for example blacks N 15, N 134, N 234, N 326, N330, N 339, N 347 or N375, or else, according to the targeted applications, the blacks of higher series (for example N660, N683, N772).
• the carbon blacks could for example already be incorporated into an isoprene elastomer in the form of a masterbatch (see for example WO 97/36724 or WO 99/16600).
• organic fillers other than carbon blacks
• functionalized polyvinyl organic fillers as described in applications WO-A-2006/069792, WO-A-2006/069793, WO-A-2008/003434 and WO-A-2008/003435.
• a reinforcing filler of another nature in particular an organic one, since this reinforcing filler would be covered.
• a silica layer or would comprise on its surface functional sites, including hydroxyl, requiring the use of a coupling agent to establish the connection between the filler and the elastomer.
• the crosslinking system may be a vulcanization system, it is preferably based on sulfur or sulfur donors and primary vulcanization accelerator (preferably 0.5 to 10.0 phr of primary accelerator).
• primary vulcanization accelerator preferably 0.5 to 10.0 phr of primary accelerator.
• various known secondary accelerators or vulcanization activators such as zinc oxide (preferentially for 0.5 to 10.0 phr) or stearic acid or others (preferentially for 0.5 to 5 phr). , 0 each).
• Sulfur is used at a preferential rate of between 0.5 and 10 phr, more preferably between 0.5 and 5.0 phr, for example between 0.5 and 3.0 phr, when the invention is applied to a strip. of tire rolling.
• accelerator any compound capable of acting as a vulcanization accelerator for diene elastomers in the presence of sulfur, especially thiazole type accelerators and their derivatives, thiuram type accelerators, zinc dithiocarbamates.
• accelerators are more preferably selected from the group consisting of 2-mercaptobenzothiazyl disulfide (abbreviated "MBTS”), N-cyclohexyl-2-benzothiazyl sulfenamide (abbreviated “CBS”), N, N-dicyclohexyl-2-benzothiazyl sulfenamide (abbreviated “DCBS”), N-tert-butyl-2-benzothiazylsulfenamide (abbreviated “TBBS”), N-tert-butyl-2-benzothiazylsulfenimide (abbreviated “TBSI”), zinc dibenzyldithiocarbamate (in abbreviated “ZBEC”) and mixtures of these compounds.
• MBTS 2-mercaptobenzothiazyl disulfide
• CBS N-cyclohexyl-2-benzothiazyl sulfenamide
• DCBS N-dicyclohex
• the composition comprising the hydroxylated diamine necessary for the needs of the invention is devoid of a guanidine derivative or contains less than 0.5 phr.
• the composition is either totally devoid of such compounds, or it contains less than 0.45 phr, preferably less than 0.4 phr, more preferably less than 0.3 phr, preferably less than 0, 2 phr and very preferably less than 0.1 phr.
• Guanidine derivative means organic compounds bearing as a function main guanidine function, such as those known in tire compositions such as vulcanization accelerators, for example diphenylguanidine (DPG) or diorthotolylguanidine (DOTG).
• DPG diphenylguanidine
• DAG diorthotolylguanidine
• the composition comprising the hydroxylated diamine necessary for the needs of the invention is also free from zinc or contains less than 0.5 phr, preferably less than 0.3 phr, more preferably preferably less than 0.2 phr and very preferably less than 0.1 phr.
• the tire according to the invention comprises a hydroxylated diamine of formula (I):
• R 1 represents a linear or branched alkylene group comprising from 1 to 18 carbon atoms
• R 2 and R 3 independently represent a linear or branched alkyl group comprising from 1 to 18 carbon atoms
• the hydroxylated diamine of formula ( I) carries one or more hydroxyl groups on at least one carbon chain selected from R-1, R 2 and R 3 .
• R 1, R 2 and R 3 comprise from 2 to 8 carbon atoms, more preferably from 2 to 6 carbon atoms and very preferably from 2 to 4 carbon atoms.
• R 1, R 2 and R 3 represent a linear carbon chain.
• the number of hydroxyl groups borne by the hydroxylated diamine of formula (I) is from 1 to 4, more preferably from 1, 2 or 3. This or these hydroxyl groups are preferably carried by R 2 and R 3 .
• R 2 bears a hydroxyl group
• R 3 bears a hydroxyl group
• R- 1 bears no hydroxyl group.
• the hydroxylated diamine level in the composition is within a range of from 0.1 to 8 phr, more preferably from 0.15 to 7 phr, preferably from more than 0.2 phr to 5 phr and more preferably from 0.25 to 4 phr.
• the hydroxylated diamine of formula (I) may be aminopropyldiethanolamine, commercially available in the form of a liquid, for example from Arkema:
• hydroxylated diamine as defined below is introduced in free base form, that is to say not forming a salt with a mineral or organic acid.
• the rubber compositions according to the invention optionally also include all or part of the usual additives usually used in elastomer compositions intended in particular for the production of treads, such as, for example, pigments, protective agents such as waxes, ozone, chemical antioxidants, anti-oxidants, plasticizers such as those proposed hereinafter, anti-fatigue agents, reinforcing resins, acceptors (for example phenolic novolak resin) or methylene donors (for example HMT or H3M).
• the composition according to the invention further comprises a plasticizer.
• this plasticizer is a solid hydrocarbon resin (or plasticizing resin), an extender oil (or plasticizing oil), or a mixture of both.
• the level of total plasticizer is preferably greater than or equal to 5 phr, more preferably 5 to 100 phr, in particular 10 to 80 phr, for example 15 to 70 phr.
• the plasticizer is a liquid extension oil at 20 ° C, said to "low Tg", that is to say that by definition has a Tg lower than -20 ° C, preferably below -40 ° C.
• any extender oil whether aromatic or non-aromatic in nature known for its plasticizing properties vis-à-vis diene elastomers, is usable. At ambient temperature (20 ° C), these oils, more or less viscous, are liquids (that is to say, as a reminder, substances having the ability to eventually take the shape of their container), as opposed in particular to hydrocarbon plasticizing resins which are inherently solid at room temperature.
• Particularly suitable extension oils selected from the group consisting of naphthenic oils (low or high viscosity, including hydrogenated or not), paraffinic oils, oils MES (Medium Extracted Solvates), oils TDAE (Treated Distillate Aromatic Extracts) ), mineral oils, vegetable oils, ethers plasticizers, ester plasticizers, phosphate plasticizers, sulphonate plasticizers and mixtures of these compounds.
• naphthenic oils low or high viscosity, including hydrogenated or not
• paraffinic oils oils MES (Medium Extracted Solvates)
• oils TDAE Teated Distillate Aromatic Extracts
• mineral oils mineral oils
• vegetable oils ethers plasticizers, ester plasticizers, phosphate plasticizers, sulphonate plasticizers and mixtures of these compounds.
• ethers plasticizers for example, there may be mentioned those containing between 12 and 30 carbon atoms, for example trioctyl phosphate.
• non-aqueous and non-water-soluble ester plasticizers By way of examples of non-aqueous and non-water-soluble ester plasticizers, mention may be made in particular of compounds selected from the group consisting of trimellitates, pyromellitates, phthalates, 1,2-cyclohexane dicarboxylates, adipates, azela- sebacates, glycerol triesters and mixtures of these compounds.
• triesters above there may be mentioned include glycerol triesters, preferably consisting predominantly (for more than 50%, more preferably more than 80% by weight) of an unsaturated fatty acid Ci 8 is that is to say selected from the group consisting of oleic acid, linoleic acid, linolenic acid and mixtures of these acids.
• the fatty acid used is more than 50% by weight, more preferably still more than 80% by weight. % by weight of oleic acid.
• oleic acid triesters are well known and have been described, for example, in application WO 02/088238, as plasticizers in tire treads.
• the extension oil content is between 2 and 50 phr, more preferably between 3 and 40 phr, more preferably between 5 and 35 phr.
• this plasticizer is a thermoplastic hydrocarbon resin whose Tg is greater than 0 ° C, preferably greater than 20 ° C.
• This resin is a solid at room temperature (23 ° C), as opposed to a liquid plasticizer such as an oil.
• thermoplastic hydrocarbon plasticizing resin has at least one of the following characteristics: a Tg greater than 20 ° C, more preferably greater than 30 ° C;
• Mn a number-average molecular weight (Mn) of between 400 and 2000 g / mol, more preferentially between 500 and 1500 g / mol;
• this thermoplastic hydrocarbon plasticizing resin has all of the above preferred characteristics.
• the macrostructure (Mw, Mn and Ip) of the hydrocarbon resin is determined by steric exclusion chromatography (SEC): solvent tetrahydrofuran; temperature 35 ° C; concentration 1 g / l; flow rate 1 ml / min; filtered solution on 0.45 ⁇ porosity filter before injection; Moore calibration with polystyrene standards; set of 3 "WATERS” columns in series (“STYRAGEL” HR4E, HR1 and HR0.5); differential refractometer detection ("WATERS 2410") and its associated operating software (“WATERS EMPOWER”).
• thermoplastic hydrocarbon resins may be aliphatic or aromatic or alternatively of the aliphatic / aromatic type, that is to say based on aliphatic and / or aromatic monomers. They may be natural or synthetic, whether based on petroleum or not (if so, also known as petroleum resins).
• Suitable aromatic monomers are, for example, styrene, alpha-methylstyrene, ortho-, meta-, para-methylstyrene, vinyl-toluene, para-tert-butylstyrene, methoxystyrenes, chlorostyrenes, vinylmesitylene, divinylbenzene, vinylnaphthalene, any vinylaromatic monomer derived from a C 9 (or more generally from a C 8 to C 1 0).
• the vinylaromatic monomer is styrene or a vinylaromatic monomer resulting from a C 9 (or more generally from a C 8 to C 1 0).
• the vinylaromatic monomer is the minor monomer, expressed as a mole fraction, in the copolymer under consideration.
• the plasticizing hydrocarbon resin is selected from the group consisting of homopolymer resins or copolymers of cyclopentadiene (abbreviated CPD) or dicyclopentadiene (abbreviated DCPD), terpene homopolymer or copolymer resins, terpene phenol homopolymer or copolymer resins, homopolymer or C5 cut copolymer resins, homopolymer or C9 cut copolymer resins, alpha-methyl-styrene homopolymer and copolymer resins and blends of these resins, used alone or in combination with a liquid plasticizer, for example a MES or TDAE oil.
• a liquid plasticizer for example a MES or TDAE oil.
• pene here combines in a known manner the alpha-pinene, beta-pinene and limonene monomers; preferably, a limonene monomer is used which is present in a known manner in the form of three possible isomers: L-limonene (laevorotatory enantiomer), D-limonene (dextrorotatory enantiomer), or the dipentene, racemic of the dextrorotatory and levorotatory enantiomers. .
• hydrocarbon plasticizing resins there may be mentioned resins of homo- or copolymers of alphapinene, betapinene, dipentene or polylimonene.
• the preferred resins above are well known to those skilled in the art and commercially available, for example sold with regard to:
• C 5 / vinylaromatic copolymer resins in particular C 5 / styrene or C 5 / C 9 cuts: by Neville Chemical Company under the names "Super Nevtac 78", “Super Nevtac 85” or “Super Nevtac 99", by Goodyear Chemicals under the name “Wingtack Extra”, by Kolon sous denominations "Hikorez T1095" and “Hikorez TU 00", by Exxon under the names "Escorez 2101" and "Escorez 1273”;
• phenol-modified alpha-methyl-styrene resins examples include phenol-modified alpha-methyl-styrene resins.
• hydroxyl number index measured according to ISO 4326 and expressed in mg KOH / g
• the level of plasticizing hydrocarbon resin is between 5 and 50 phr, preferably between 7 and 40 phr, more preferably between 10 and 35 phr.
• the content of plasticizing resin is between 5 and 20 phr, and more preferably between 5 and 15 phr.
• the compositions according to the invention can be used alone or in a blend (i.e., in a mixture) with any other rubber composition that can be used for the manufacture of tires.
• the invention relates to the rubber compositions described above both in the so-called “raw” or uncrosslinked state (ie, before firing) in the so-called “cooked” or crosslinked state, or vulcanized (ie, after crosslinking or vulcanization).
• compositions are manufactured in appropriate mixers, using two successive preparation phases well known to those skilled in the art: a first working phase or thermomechanical mixing (sometimes referred to as a "non-productive" phase) at a high temperature, up to a maximum temperature of between 110 ° C. and 190 ° C., preferably between 130 ° C. and 180 ° C. followed by a second phase of mechanical work (sometimes referred to as a "productive" phase) at a lower temperature, typically less than 110 ° C., for example between 60 ° C.
• a first working phase or thermomechanical mixing sometimes referred to as a "non-productive" phase
• a second phase of mechanical work sometimes referred to as a "productive” phase
• the first (non-productive) phase is preferably carried out in several thermomechanical steps.
• the elastomers and the reinforcing fillers are introduced into a suitable mixer such as a conventional internal mixer at a temperature of between 20.degree. ° C and 100 ° C and preferably between 25 ° C and 100 ° C.
• the other ingredients ie, those that remain if all were not put initially
• the total mixing time is preferably between 2 and 10 minutes at a temperature of less than or equal to 180 ° C, and preferably less than or equal to 170 ° C.
• the vulcanization system is then incorporated at low temperature (typically below 100 ° C.), generally in an external mixer such as a roller mixer; the whole is then mixed (productive phase) for a few minutes, for example between 5 and 15 min.
• low temperature typically below 100 ° C.
• an external mixer such as a roller mixer
• the final composition thus obtained is then calendered, for example in the form of a sheet or a plate, in particular for a characterization in the laboratory, or extruded, to form for example a rubber profile used for the manufacture of semi-finished products. finished in order to obtain products such as sidewalls, carcass ply, crown plies (or tire belt), tread, bead filler, tread underlayer or other layers of elastomers, preferentially the rolling. These products can then be used for the manufacture of tires, according to the techniques known to those skilled in the art.
• the vulcanization (or cooking) is conducted in a known manner at a temperature generally between 130 ° C and 200 ° C, under pressure, for a sufficient time which can vary for example between 5 and 90 min depending in particular on the cooking temperature , the vulcanization system adopted, the kinetics of vulcanization of the composition in question or the size of the tire.
• the rubber compositions are characterized before and / or after firing as indicated below.
• the dynamic properties G * and tan (5) max are measured on a viscoanalyzer (Metravib V A4000), according to the ASTM D 5992 - 96 standard.
• the response of a sample of vulcanized composition (4 mm cylindrical test specimen) is recorded. thickness and 400 mm 2 section), subjected to sinusoidal stress in alternating single shear, at the frequency of 10 Hz, under normal temperature conditions according to ASTM D 1349 - 99.
• a crest amplitude sweep is carried out at peak from 0.1 to 50% (forward cycle), then from 50% to 1% (return cycle).
• the result exploited is the loss factor, tan (5).
• the maximum value of tan (5) observed (tan ( ⁇ ) max) is indicated.
• compositions according to the invention that is to say comprising a diene elastomer, a reinforcing filler mainly comprising silica, crosslinking, lacking or containing less of 0.5 phr of guanidine derivative and comprising a hydroxylated diamine of formula (I) as defined above.
• compositions C-1 and C-2 have been prepared and tested.
• the formula of compositions C-1 and C-2 varies only by the replacement of DPG with aminopropyldiethanolamine (in an isomolar amount), as shown in Table 1.
• the composition C-2 according to the invention is compared with the control composition C-1.
• compositions are made with an introduction of all the components on an internal mixer, with the exception of the vulcanization system.
• the vulcanizing agents (sulfur and accelerator) are introduced on an external mixer at low temperature (the constituent rolls of the mixer being at about 30 ° C.).
• Table 2 below gives the properties measured before and after cooking. For a better understanding and comparison of the tests, the results are given in base 100, that is to say that the experimental value for the control is brought back to the value 100 then the values of the tests are given according to this base of 100 for the witness.
• composition C-2 shows a decrease in hysteresis on the Tan ( ⁇ ) max indicator, which is accompanied by otherwise similar properties.

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• 2011
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