WO2013076341A1 - Appliance for monitoring overhead power lines - Google Patents

Appliance for monitoring overhead power lines Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2013076341A1
WO2013076341A1 PCT/ES2012/070819 ES2012070819W WO2013076341A1 WO 2013076341 A1 WO2013076341 A1 WO 2013076341A1 ES 2012070819 W ES2012070819 W ES 2012070819W WO 2013076341 A1 WO2013076341 A1 WO 2013076341A1
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Prior art keywords
catenary
cable
angle
mechanical
aerial
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PCT/ES2012/070819
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Spanish (es)
French (fr)
Inventor
Vicente Diaz Fuente
Original Assignee
Golay Coding Modulation, S.L.
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Publication of WO2013076341A1 publication Critical patent/WO2013076341A1/en

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
    • G01C1/00—Measuring angles
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
    • G01C15/00—Surveying instruments or accessories not provided for in groups G01C1/00 - G01C13/00

Definitions

  • the invention referred to herein refers to an apparatus for monitoring aerial cables that, installed at one end of a cable, is able to obtain information on changes in its mechanical and dimensional parameters due to its use or aging.
  • the present invention has its development in very varied fields related to aerial cables. At a recitative but not limitative level we can talk about its use in the field of high voltage electric power transmission industries by airlines, as well as in the railway field for the supervision of the cables used to feed the electric locomotives or any vehicle or device that needs to be powered by a power line hung between at least two points.
  • transport systems such as the cable car and the like can also benefit from this device for mechanical monitoring.
  • Figure 1 shows schematically all the fundamental parameters of an aerial cable and its catenary which, by design, must meet certain requirements.
  • real-time (or continuous) monitoring or supervision is very important from the point of view of energy management supplied by the electricity grid, since the increase in consumption demanded by the needs of the population and the industry must be supplied by increasing the current flowing through these lines that, due to the losses produced by the Joule effect, are heated producing a dilation proportional to said temperature, which will produce a decrease in the distance of the catenary to the ground when there is an increase in the length of the aerial cable.
  • the measurement of the temperature of the cable is not a sufficient parameter to determine the condition of the cable because the cable may also be subject to traction due to the weight of objects attached to the cable, ice or snow as explained above.
  • Z being the height of the catenary at the longitudinal point x and a is the minimum height of the catenary.
  • T being the tension or mechanical stress to which the catenary is subjected
  • s (x) the length of the catenary arc at point x
  • p the weight per unit of length of the catenary
  • ⁇ is the angle with respect to the horizontal of the catenary at point x.
  • the minimum height of the catenary is proportional to the cosine of the angle measured at the chosen point of the catenary.
  • Stewart et al in its US patent 6,873,746 employs an imaging device to monitor changes in the position of the catenary placed at the ends of the catenary based on the capture of images and their differences in time so that it can give an alarm on Role of these changes.
  • This monitoring device can be used in any system that requires the use of a catenary for both energy transport applications and for transport in general, among others.
  • the invention referred to in this description consists of an apparatus for monitoring aerial cables that, installed at one end of a cable, is able to obtain information on changes in its mechanical and dimensional parameters due to its use or poisoning. age
  • - means for measuring angles (for example an inclinometer) fixed at least one point of the catenary.
  • calibration means that adapt the measurement of the previous angle meter.
  • electronic process means for calculating the mechanical parameters of the catenary from the angle measurement.
  • decision means that use predefined values to give an alarm based on the calculated parameters and decides to send the information of the measured and / or calculated parameters.
  • the angle measuring means makes a measure of the angle of the catenary with respect to the horizontal that is captured by the calibration means.
  • the previous result is processed by the processing means that perform the calculation of the parameters of the catenary.
  • the decision media use the processor information to warn of a situation of emergency or simply of sending the parameters to a maintenance or control center.
  • the information is sent by means of communications that can be a modem that uses any available means such as radio, cable, PLC (Power Line Communications), fiber optics, etc.
  • communications can be a modem that uses any available means such as radio, cable, PLC (Power Line Communications), fiber optics, etc.
  • FIGURE 1. Shows the schematic diagram of an overhead cable catenary and its fundamental mechanical and structural parameters used in mathematical calculations.
  • FIGURE 2. - presents the block diagram of the aerial cable monitoring device object of this patent.
  • FIGURE 3.- It presents a possible placement of the device object of this patent and detail of its fixation to the catenary.
  • Communications media such as a communications modem with wireless, cable or fiber optic technology.
  • Communications media such as a communications modem with wireless, cable or fiber optic technology.
  • fixing tower (2.1) fixing tower
  • the invention referred to herein refers to an apparatus for monitoring aerial cables that, installed at one end of a cable, is able to obtain information on changes in its mechanical and dimensional parameters due to its use or aging.
  • the device consists of five main blocks:
  • Calibration means (1.2), which obtains the calibrated value with respect to a reference of the angle of the catenary, measured.
  • Means of electronic data processing (1.3), where the result of the value of the angle of the obtained catenary is processed and that calculates the parameters of the catenary.
  • Means of decision (1.4) that uses the information received on the calculation of the parameters of the catenary to warn of an emergency situation or simply to send the parameters to a maintenance or control center.
  • the advantages of this device compared to other existing ones are, on the one hand, to be able to measure the variations of the catenaries in real time at a lower cost, which will result in the improvement of the management of the services related to the catenaries such as energy supply and transport. Therefore, the invention described constitutes a powerful aerial cable monitoring system that improves current techniques that employ both mechanical tension and visual image, increasing the possibilities of these systems in the future.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
  • Remote Sensing (AREA)
  • Locating Faults (AREA)
  • Electric Cable Installation (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention relates to an appliance for monitoring overhead power lines which, installed at one of the ends of a power line, is capable of obtaining information relating to changes in the mechanical and dimensional parameters thereof caused by use or ageing. The appliance comprises five main units: an angle-measurement means, a calibration means, a means for electronic data-processing, a decision means and a communication means.

Description

APARATO PARA LA MONITORIZACION DE CABLES AÉREOS  APPARATUS FOR MONITORING OF AIR CABLES
D E S C R I P C I O N OBJETO DE LA INVENCIÓN D E S C R I P C I O N OBJECT OF THE INVENTION
La invención a la que se refiere la presente memoria trata de un aparato para la monitorización de cables aéreos que, instalado en uno de los extremos de un cable es capaz de obtener información de los cambios en sus parámetros mecánicos y dimensionales debido a su uso o envejecimiento. The invention referred to herein refers to an apparatus for monitoring aerial cables that, installed at one end of a cable, is able to obtain information on changes in its mechanical and dimensional parameters due to its use or aging.
CAMPO DE LA INVENCIÓN FIELD OF THE INVENTION
La presente invención tiene su desarrollo en muy variados campos relacionados con cables aéreos . A nivel recitativo pero no limitativo podemos hablar de su utilización en el campo de las industrias de transmisión de energía eléctrica de alta tensión por líneas aéreas, así como en el ámbito ferroviario para la supervisión de los cables empleados para alimentar a las locomotoras eléctricas o cualquier vehículo o aparato que necesite ser alimentado mediante una línea eléctrica colgada entre, al menos dos puntos. The present invention has its development in very varied fields related to aerial cables. At a recitative but not limitative level we can talk about its use in the field of high voltage electric power transmission industries by airlines, as well as in the railway field for the supervision of the cables used to feed the electric locomotives or any vehicle or device that needs to be powered by a power line hung between at least two points.
Evidentemente, los sistemas de transporte como el teleférico y similares también pueden beneficiarse de este aparato para su supervisión mecánica. Obviously, transport systems such as the cable car and the like can also benefit from this device for mechanical monitoring.
ANTECEDENTES DE LA INVENCIÓN BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
En los sistemas de distribución de energía mediante líneas de alta tensión aéreas los cables empleados transportan una enorme cantidad de energía con voltajes muy elevados que son peligrosos para los seres humanos, animales e instalaciones que se encuentran en sus proximidades . Para evitar daños en las proximidades de las líneas de alta tensión las distintas normativas eléctricas en el mundo regulan las distancias mínimas a las que dichas líneas pueden estar del suelo o de los elementos arriba mencionados . Es especialmente delicado el caso de catenarias que cruzan vías de comunicaciones y edificios o poblaciones. In power distribution systems using overhead power lines, the cables used carry a huge amount of energy With very high voltages that are dangerous for humans, animals and facilities that are in its vicinity. In order to avoid damage in the vicinity of the high voltage lines, the different electrical regulations in the world regulate the minimum distances at which said lines can be from the ground or from the elements mentioned above. Especially delicate is the case of catenaries that cross communications roads and buildings or towns.
Los cables aéreos, y otros sistemas de transporte basados en cables aéreos, sufren cambios estructurales y mecánicos debidos a distintos factores. Entre ellos destacan la temperatura (dilatación longitudinal) , el peso de la gravedad o de los elementos colgados de la catenaria, y determinados factores ambientales como la nieve y el hielo que puede acumularse en el cable. Aerial cables, and other transport systems based on aerial cables, undergo structural and mechanical changes due to different factors. Among them are the temperature (longitudinal expansion), the weight of gravity or the elements hanging from the catenary, and certain environmental factors such as snow and ice that can accumulate in the cable.
Todos los factores mencionados arriba hacen que la distancia del punto de mínima altura del cable cambie y, por tanto, sea necesario diseñar la instalación teniendo en cuenta los rangos de funcionamiento máximos para evitar que en el caso peor dicha distancia sea inferior a los límites de seguridad. En la figura 1 aparecen esquemáticamente todos los parámetros fundamentales de un cable aéreo y su catenaria que, por diseño, debe cumplir determinados requisitos. All the factors mentioned above cause the distance of the minimum height point of the cable to change and, therefore, it is necessary to design the installation taking into account the maximum operating ranges to avoid that in the worst case said distance is less than the limits of security. Figure 1 shows schematically all the fundamental parameters of an aerial cable and its catenary which, by design, must meet certain requirements.
Por otra parte la monitorización o supervisión en tiempo real (o continua) es muy importante desde el punto de vista de la gestión de la energía suministrada por la red eléctrica, ya que el aumento de consumo demandado por necesidades de la población y la industria debe ser suministrado aumentando la corriente que circula por dichas líneas que, debido a las pérdidas producidas por efecto Joule, se calientan produciendo una dilatación proporcional a dicha temperatura, lo que producirá un decremento en la distancia de la catenaria al suelo al producirse un incremento en la longitud del cable aéreo. On the other hand, real-time (or continuous) monitoring or supervision is very important from the point of view of energy management supplied by the electricity grid, since the increase in consumption demanded by the needs of the population and the industry must be supplied by increasing the current flowing through these lines that, due to the losses produced by the Joule effect, are heated producing a dilation proportional to said temperature, which will produce a decrease in the distance of the catenary to the ground when there is an increase in the length of the aerial cable.
Sin embargo, la medida de la temperatura del cable no es un parámetros suficiente para determinar el estado del cable por cuanto el cable puede estar sufriendo además tracciones debidas al peso de objetos sujetos al cable, hielo o nieve tal como se explicó arriba. However, the measurement of the temperature of the cable is not a sufficient parameter to determine the condition of the cable because the cable may also be subject to traction due to the weight of objects attached to the cable, ice or snow as explained above.
Es bien sabido que la catenaria que forma el cable aéreo cumple la siguiente ecuación, extraída de, Antonio Angulo Álvarez "Cálculo mecánico de los conductores de líneas eléctricas Aéreas" Revista Obras Públicas, Marzo 1965, pags . 213-222: ea + e It is well known that the catenary that forms the aerial cable meets the following equation, extracted from, Antonio Angulo Álvarez "Mechanical calculation of the drivers of overhead power lines" Public Works Magazine, March 1965, pags. 213-222: e a + e
Siendo Z la altura de la catenaria en el punto longitudinal x y a es la altura mínima de la catenaria . Z being the height of the catenary at the longitudinal point x and a is the minimum height of the catenary.
Además, se cumple que, In addition, it is fulfilled that,
T sen(p = s(x)p  T sin (p = s (x) p
Siendo T la tensión o esfuerzo mecánico al que está sometida la catenaria, s (x) la longitud del arco de la catenaria en el punto x, p el peso por unidad de longitud de la catenaria y φ es el ángulo respecto a la horizontal de la catenaria en el punto x. T being the tension or mechanical stress to which the catenary is subjected, s (x) the length of the catenary arc at point x, p the weight per unit of length of the catenary and φ is the angle with respect to the horizontal of the catenary at point x.
Por otra parte, desarrollando la fórmula de la catenaria, se demuestra que:
Figure imgf000006_0001
On the other hand, developing the formula of the catenary, it is shown that:
Figure imgf000006_0001
Y operando,  And operating,
COSfí) =—  COSfí) = -
Z  Z
Y despejando,  And clearing,
a = Z cos #>  a = Z cos #>
Siendo Z la altura del punto de la catenaria donde se mide el ángulo φ . Por tanto, la altura mínima de la catenaria es proporcional al coseno del ángulo medido en el punto elegido de la catenaria. Z being the height of the point of the catenary where the angle φ is measured. Therefore, the minimum height of the catenary is proportional to the cosine of the angle measured at the chosen point of the catenary.
Así, partiendo de los parámetros de la catenaria, una de las aproximaciones a la misma solución planteada en esta patente es la propuesta por la empresa Nexans en su producto CAT-1 que emplea la medida de la tensión mecánica (T) a la que está sometido el cable de la catenaria mediante células de carga conectadas en los extremos de la misma. Está demostrado que con el dato de la tensión se pueden extraer también los parámetros de la catenaria. Thus, based on the parameters of the catenary, one of the approaches to the same solution proposed in this patent is the one proposed by the company Nexans in its CAT-1 product that uses the measurement of the mechanical tension (T) at which it is submitted the catenary cable by means of load cells connected at the ends thereof. It has been shown that with the voltage data the parameters of the catenary can also be extracted.
Stewart et al en su patente US 6,873,746 emplea un dispositivo de imágenes para monitorizar los cambios en la posición de la catenaria colocado en los extremos de la catenaria basado en la captura de imágenes y sus diferencias en el tiempo de modo que permite dar una alarma en función de dichos cambios. El mayor inconveniente de todas las implementaciones anteriores es que su complejidad de instalación y mantenimiento así como el coste, que es elevado y, por tanto, en la actualidad inviable para su instalación en todos las cables aéreos existentes, lo que limita su utilización para la gestión de la demanda de energía en las redes eléctricas por ejemplo, ya que cualquier catenaria que forme parte de la línea de distribución puede estar en una situación peligrosa para la propia instalación o su entorno más próximo puesto que todas están sometidas a la misma corriente (efecto Joule) pero a distintas condiciones ambientales o de tracción, por lo que es necesario conocer la situación de todos los cables aéreos y de todas las catenarias que forman una línea de transmisión y no solo de algunas de ellas. Por otra parte, especialmente el sistema de CAT-Stewart et al in its US patent 6,873,746 employs an imaging device to monitor changes in the position of the catenary placed at the ends of the catenary based on the capture of images and their differences in time so that it can give an alarm on Role of these changes. The major drawback of all previous implementations is that its complexity of installation and maintenance as well as the cost, which is high and, therefore, currently unfeasible for installation on all existing aerial cables, which limits its use for energy demand management in electrical networks for example, since any catenary that is part of the distribution line can be in a dangerous situation for the installation itself or its closest environment since all are subject to the same current ( Joule effect) but at different environmental or traction conditions, so it is necessary to know the situation of all the aerial cables and of all the catenaries that form a transmission line and not just some of them. On the other hand, especially the CAT system
1 de Nexans, para medir la tensión del cable debe ser insertado entre dos puntos de conexión de la catenaria por lo que el coste de instalación es muy elevado además de requerir la desconexión de la línea y el empleo de personal y herramientas muy especializados . 1 of Nexans, to measure the tension of the cable must be inserted between two connection points of the catenary so the installation cost is very high in addition to requiring the disconnection of the line and the use of very specialized personnel and tools.
Para finalizar, el tamaño y consumo de las soluciones anteriores son elevados y deben estar en lugares donde el acceso es complicado y sujeto a inclemencias del tiempo. Por tanto, es necesario un sistema sencillo de fijar, robusto y de bajo consumo para evitar la necesidad de grandes fuentes de alimentación y necesidad de refrigeración o calefacción para mantener su funcionamiento correcto. De todo lo anterior se deduce la necesidad de una dispositivo que permita, por una parte simplificar su instalación y por la otra reducir su coste para que sea posible su instalación en toda la red eléctrica permitiendo una verdadera monitorización de la red. Finally, the size and consumption of the above solutions are high and should be in places where access is complicated and subject to inclement weather. Therefore, a simple system of fixing, robust and low consumption is necessary to avoid the need for large power supplies and the need for cooling or heating to maintain proper operation. From all of the above, the need for a device that allows, on the one hand, to simplify its installation and on the other to reduce its cost so that it is possible to be installed throughout the electrical network is allowed, allowing true network monitoring.
Este dispositivo de monitorización puede ser empleado en cualquier sistema que requiera la utilización de una catenaria tanto para aplicaciones de transporte de energía como para el transporte en general, entre otros. This monitoring device can be used in any system that requires the use of a catenary for both energy transport applications and for transport in general, among others.
No se conoce la existencia de antecedentes, patentes o modelos de utilidad, cuyas características sean iguales o similares a las preconizadas en la presente invención. There is no known existence of background, patents or utility models, the characteristics of which are the same or similar to those recommended in the present invention.
DESCRIPCIÓN DE LA INVENCIÓN DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
La invención a la que se refiere esta descripción consiste en un aparato para la monitorización de cables aéreos que, instalado en uno de los extremos de un cable es capaz de obtener información de los cambios en sus parámetros mecánicos y dimensionales debido a su uso o envej ecimiento . The invention referred to in this description consists of an apparatus for monitoring aerial cables that, installed at one end of a cable, is able to obtain information on changes in its mechanical and dimensional parameters due to its use or poisoning. age
En esencia se trata de implementar un aparato que mida ángulos absolutos o relativos, como un inclinómetro, conectado en algún punto de la catenaria del cable aéreo y fijado de una manera solidaria con ella. Para la correcta implementación del resultado sistema consta de diversos elementos: In essence, it is about implementing an apparatus that measures absolute or relative angles, such as an inclinometer, connected at some point in the overhead cable catenary and fixed in a way that is integral with it. For the correct implementation of the result system consists of several elements:
- medios para medir ángulos (por ejemplo un inclinómetro) fijado en, al menos, un punto de la catenaria. medios de calibración que adaptan la medida del medidor de ángulos anterior. medios de proceso electrónico para calcular los parámetros mecánicos de la catenaria a partir de la medida del ángulo. - medios de decisión que utiliza valores predefinidos para dar una alarma en función de los parámetros calculados y decide enviar la información de los parámetros medidos y/o calculados . - means for measuring angles (for example an inclinometer) fixed at least one point of the catenary. calibration means that adapt the measurement of the previous angle meter. electronic process means for calculating the mechanical parameters of the catenary from the angle measurement. - decision means that use predefined values to give an alarm based on the calculated parameters and decides to send the information of the measured and / or calculated parameters.
- medios de comunicaciones que transmite la información para su procesado. - communications media that transmits the information for processing.
Y el método es el siguiente: And the method is as follows:
El medio medidor de ángulos, realiza una medida del ángulo de la catenaria respecto a la horizontal que es capturado por el medio de calibración. El resultado anterior es procesado por los medios de procesado que realizan el cálculo de los parámetros de la catenaria. The angle measuring means, makes a measure of the angle of the catenary with respect to the horizontal that is captured by the calibration means. The previous result is processed by the processing means that perform the calculation of the parameters of the catenary.
Los medios de decisión utilizan la información del procesador para advertir de una situación de emergencia o simplemente del envío de los parámetros a un centro de mantenimiento o de control . The decision media use the processor information to warn of a situation of emergency or simply of sending the parameters to a maintenance or control center.
El envío de la información se realiza mediante medios de comunicaciones que puede ser un módem que emplea cualquier medio disponible como, radio, cable, PLC (Power Line Communications), fibra óptica, etc. The information is sent by means of communications that can be a modem that uses any available means such as radio, cable, PLC (Power Line Communications), fiber optics, etc.
Por parte del inventor no se conoce ninguna anterioridad que incorpore las disposiciones que presenta la actual invención, ni las ventajas que conlleva dicha disposición. On the part of the inventor no priority is known that incorporates the provisions presented by the present invention, nor the advantages that such provision entails.
BREVE DESCRIPCIÓN DE LOS DIBUJOS BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
En primer lugar relacionamos los elementos que componen los dibujos teniendo en cuenta que idénticas referencias se refieren a idénticos elementos First of all we relate the elements that make up the drawings taking into account that identical references refer to identical elements
FIGURA 1.- Muestra el di jrama esquematizado de una catenaria de un cable aéreo y sus parámetros mecánicos y estructurales fundamentales empleados en los cálculos matemáticos. FIGURA 2. - Presenta el diagrama de bloques del dispositivo de monitorización de cables aéreos objeto de esta patente. FIGURE 1.- Shows the schematic diagram of an overhead cable catenary and its fundamental mechanical and structural parameters used in mathematical calculations. FIGURE 2. - Presents the block diagram of the aerial cable monitoring device object of this patent.
FIGURA 3.- Presenta una posible colocación del dispositivo objeto de esta patente y detalle de su fijación a la catenaria. FIGURE 3.- It presents a possible placement of the device object of this patent and detail of its fixation to the catenary.
Y en todas ellas con la misma numeración se definen iguales elementos entre los que se distinguen (1.1) Medios para medir ángulos, And in all of them with the same numbering, the same elements are defined between which they are distinguished (1.1) Means for measuring angles,
(1.2) Medios de calibración y adaptación, (1.2) Calibration and adaptation means,
(1.3) Medios para el cálculo de parámetros,(1.3) Means for calculating parameters,
(1.4) Medios para la toma de decisión de envío de datos y (1.4) Means for the decision to send data and
(1.5) Medios de comunicaciones, como un módem de comunicaciones con tecnología inalámbrica, cable o fibra óptica. - (2.1) torre de fijación,  (1.5) Communications media, such as a communications modem with wireless, cable or fiber optic technology. - (2.1) fixing tower,
- (2.2) aislador con fijación al cable, - (2.2) insulator with cable fixing,
- (2.3) equipo de procesado conectado al sistema - (2.3) processing equipment connected to the system
de medida,  of measure,
- (2.4) conexión al equipo de medida,  - (2.4) connection to the measuring equipment,
- (2.5) equipo de medida,  - (2.5) measuring equipment,
- (2.6) cable de la catenaria monitorizada .  - (2.6) cable of the monitored catenary.
. el detalle: . the detail:
(2.7) fijación solidaria del medidor de ángulos a la catenaria,  (2.7) solidarity fixation of the angle meter to the catenary,
(2.8) medidor de ángulos.  (2.8) angle meter.
REALIZACIÓN PREFERENTE DE LA INVENCIÓN PREFERRED EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION
La invención a la que se refiere la presente memoria trata de un aparato para la monitorización de cables aéreos que, instalado en uno de los extremos de un cable es capaz de obtener información de los cambios en sus parámetros mecánicos y dimensionales debido a su uso o envejecimiento. El aparato consta de cinco bloques principales : The invention referred to herein refers to an apparatus for monitoring aerial cables that, installed at one end of a cable, is able to obtain information on changes in its mechanical and dimensional parameters due to its use or aging. The device consists of five main blocks:
Medios de medición de ángulos (1.1) , Medios de calibración (1.2) , Means for measuring angles (1.1), Calibration means (1.2),
- Medios de proceso electrónico de datos (1.3) , - Means of electronic data processing (1.3),
Medios de decisión (1.4) , Means of decision (1.4),
Medios de comunicaciones (1.5)  Media (1.5)
Medios de medición de ángulos (1.1), que puede estar basado, por ejemplo, en un inclinómetro . Means for measuring angles (1.1), which may be based, for example, on an inclinometer.
Realiza una medida del ángulo de la catenaria respecto a la horizontal en un punto de la misma seleccionado de modo que el ángulo medido no se vea influenciado por las fijaciones del cable aéreo a la torre de fijación correspondiente y donde podemos distinguir Make a measure of the angle of the catenary with respect to the horizontal at a point of the same selected so that the measured angle is not influenced by the fixations of the aerial cable to the corresponding fixing tower and where we can distinguish
Del cable aéreo se forma la catenaria (2.6) From the aerial cable the catenary is formed (2.6)
- (2.2) aislador con fijación al cable, - (2.2) insulator with cable fixing,
- (2.3) procesador conectado a los medios  - (2.3) processor connected to the media
del sistema de medida,  of the measurement system,
- (2.1) torre de fijación, entre dos de las  - (2.1) fixing tower, between two of the
cuales  which
- (2.4) conexión al equipo de medida,  - (2.4) connection to the measuring equipment,
- (2.5) equipo de medida,  - (2.5) measuring equipment,
- (2.6) cable de la catenaria monitorizada .  - (2.6) cable of the monitored catenary.
En el detalle:  In the detail:
- (2.7) fijación solidaria del medidor de  - (2.7) solidarity fixing of the meter
ángulos a la catenaria,  angles to the catenary,
- (2.8) medidor de ángulos.  - (2.8) angle meter.
Medios de calibración (1.2), que obtiene el valor calibrado respecto a una referencia del ángulo de la catenaria, medido. Medios de proceso electrónico de datos (1.3), en donde el resultado del valor del ángulo de la catenaria obtenido es procesado y que realiza el cálculo de los parámetros de la catenaria. Calibration means (1.2), which obtains the calibrated value with respect to a reference of the angle of the catenary, measured. Means of electronic data processing (1.3), where the result of the value of the angle of the obtained catenary is processed and that calculates the parameters of the catenary.
Medios de decisión (1.4) que utiliza la información recibida sobre el cálculo de los parámetros de la catenaria para advertir de una situación de emergencia o simplemente para el envío de los parámetros a un centro de mantenimiento o de control . Means of decision (1.4) that uses the information received on the calculation of the parameters of the catenary to warn of an emergency situation or simply to send the parameters to a maintenance or control center.
Medios de comunicación (1.5), que garantiza el envío de la información recibida y evaluada sobre la situación del cable aéreo y de la catenaria que puede ser un módem que emplea cualquier medio disponible como, radio, cable, PLC (Power Line Communications) , fibra óptica, etc. Actualmente existen inclinómetros de bajo coste y elevada precisión. Además, son de reducido tamaño, mecánicamente robustos, de fácil instalación y soportan temperaturas industriales entre -50 °C y 80 °C por lo que se adaptan perfectamente al entorno de trabajo de esta aplicación. Media (1.5), which guarantees the sending of the information received and evaluated on the situation of the aerial cable and the catenary that can be a modem that uses any available means such as radio, cable, PLC (Power Line Communications), fiber optic, etc. There are currently low cost and high precision inclinometers. In addition, they are small in size, mechanically robust, easy to install and withstand industrial temperatures between -50 ° C and 80 ° C, so they adapt perfectly to the working environment of this application.
Como conclusión puede afirmarse que las ventajas de este aparato frente a otros existentes, son por una parte poder medir las variaciones de las catenarias en tiempo real a un menor coste, lo que redundará en la mejora de la gestión de los servicios relacionados con las catenarias como el suministro de energía y los transportes . Por tanto, la invención que se describe constituye un potente sistema de monitorización de cables aéreos que mejora las actuales técnicas que emplean tanto la tensión mecánica como la imagen visual incrementando las posibilidades de estos sistemas en el futuro. In conclusion, it can be affirmed that the advantages of this device compared to other existing ones are, on the one hand, to be able to measure the variations of the catenaries in real time at a lower cost, which will result in the improvement of the management of the services related to the catenaries such as energy supply and transport. Therefore, the invention described constitutes a powerful aerial cable monitoring system that improves current techniques that employ both mechanical tension and visual image, increasing the possibilities of these systems in the future.
Descrita suficientemente la naturaleza de la invención, así como la manera de llevarse a la práctica, debe hacerse constar que las disposiciones anteriormente indicadas y representadas en los dibujos adjuntos son susceptibles de modificaciones de detalle en cuanto no alteren sus principios fundamentales, establecidos en los párrafos anteriores y resumidos en las siguientes reivindicaciones Describing sufficiently the nature of the invention, as well as the way of putting it into practice, it should be noted that the provisions indicated above and represented in the attached drawings are subject to modifications in detail as long as they do not alter its fundamental principles, established in the paragraphs. above and summarized in the following claims

Claims

R E I V I N D I C A C I O N E S R E I V I N D I C A C I O N E S
Ia.- APARATO DE MONITORIZACION DE CABLES AÉREOS O CATENARIAS de los que instalados en uno de los extremos de un cable es capaz de obtener información de los cambios en sus parámetros mecánicos y dimensionales debido a su uso o envejecimiento y caracterizado por estar constituido por: Medios de medición de ángulos (1.1), que realiza una medida del ángulo de la catenaria respecto a la horizontal en un punto de la misma seleccionado de modo que el ángulo medido no se vea influenciado por las fijaciones del cable aéreo a la torre de fijación (2.1) correspondiente y donde se aprecia el cable aéreo que forma la catenaria (2.6) con el correspondiente aislador (2.2) con fijación al cable, fijación solidaria (2.7) del medidor de ángulos a la catenaria, y el propio medidor de ángulos (2.8) . I a .- MONITORING DEVICE FOR AIR OR CATENARY CABLES from which installed at one end of a cable is able to obtain information on changes in its mechanical and dimensional parameters due to its use or aging and characterized by being constituted by : Angle measuring means (1.1), which makes a measure of the angle of the catenary with respect to the horizontal at a point of the same selected so that the measured angle is not influenced by the fixations of the aerial cable to the tower of corresponding fixation (2.1) and where the aerial cable that forms the catenary (2.6) can be seen with the corresponding insulator (2.2) with fixation to the cable, solidarity fixation (2.7) of the angle meter to the catenary, and the angle meter itself (2.8).
Medios de calibración (1.2), que obtiene el valor calibrado respecto a una referencia del ángulo medido . Medios de proceso electrónico de datos (1.3), en donde el resultado del valor calibrado es procesado y que realiza el cálculo de los parámetros de la catenaria . Medios de decisión (1.4) que utiliza la información recibida sobre el cálculo de los parámetros de la catenaria para advertir de una situación de emergencia. Medios de comunicación (1.5) , que garantiza el envío de la información recibida y evaluada sobre la situación del cable aéreo y de la catenaria. 2 a.- APARATO DE MONITORIZACION DE CABLES AÉREOSCalibration means (1.2), which obtains the calibrated value with respect to a reference of the measured angle. Means of electronic data processing (1.3), where the result of the calibrated value is processed and that calculates the parameters of the catenary. Means of decision (1.4) that uses the information received on the calculation of the parameters of the catenary to warn of an emergency situation. Media (1.5), which guarantees the sending of the information received and evaluated on the situation of the aerial cable and the catenary. 2 .- monitoring apparatus OVERHEAD
O CATENARIAS, de los que instalados en uno de los extremos de un cable es capaz de obtener información de los cambios en sus parámetros mecánicos y dimensionales debido a su uso o envejecimiento de acuerdo con la primera reivindicación y caracterizado porque los medios de medición de ángulos (1.1), pueden estar constituidos por un inclinómetro, que realiza una medida del ángulo de la catenaria respecto a la horizontal en un punto de la misma seleccionado de modo que el ángulo medido no se vea influenciado por las fijaciones del cable aéreo a la torre de fijación correspondiente. OR CATENARIES, of which installed at one end of a cable is able to obtain information of changes in its mechanical and dimensional parameters due to its use or aging according to the first claim and characterized in that the angle measuring means (1.1), may be constituted by an inclinometer, which measures the angle of the catenary with respect to the horizontal at a point of the same selected so that the measured angle is not influenced by the fixations of the aerial cable to the tower corresponding fixation.
3a.- APARATO DE MONITORIZACION DE CABLES AÉREOS O CATENARIAS, de los que instalados en uno de los extremos de un cable es capaz de obtener información de los cambios en sus parámetros mecánicos y dimensionales debido a su uso o envejecimiento de acuerdo con la primera reivindicación y caracterizado porque los medios de comunicación (1.5) pueden estar constituidos por un módem que emplea cualquier medio disponible como, radio, cable, PLC (Power Line Communications) , o fibra óptica. 3 .- monitoring apparatus OVERHEAD O catenary, of which installed on one end of a cable is able to obtain information about changes in its mechanical and dimensional parameters due to use or aging according to the first claim and characterized in that the communication means (1.5) can be constituted by a modem that uses any available means such as radio, cable, PLC (Power Line Communications), or optical fiber.
PCT/ES2012/070819 2011-11-24 2012-11-23 Appliance for monitoring overhead power lines WO2013076341A1 (en)

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ESP201131898 2011-11-24
ES201131898A ES2415580B1 (en) 2011-12-21 2011-12-21 APPARATUS FOR MONITORING OF AIR CABLES

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Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4728887A (en) * 1984-06-22 1988-03-01 Davis Murray W System for rating electric power transmission lines and equipment
US6205867B1 (en) * 1998-10-07 2001-03-27 American Electric Power, Inc. Power line sag monitor
WO2006014691A1 (en) * 2004-07-21 2006-02-09 Underground Systems, Inc. Dynamic line rating system with real-time tracking of conductor creep to establish the maximum allowable conductor loading as limited by clearance
WO2010127145A1 (en) * 2009-04-30 2010-11-04 Underground Systems, Inc. Overhead power line monitor

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4728887A (en) * 1984-06-22 1988-03-01 Davis Murray W System for rating electric power transmission lines and equipment
US6205867B1 (en) * 1998-10-07 2001-03-27 American Electric Power, Inc. Power line sag monitor
WO2006014691A1 (en) * 2004-07-21 2006-02-09 Underground Systems, Inc. Dynamic line rating system with real-time tracking of conductor creep to establish the maximum allowable conductor loading as limited by clearance
WO2010127145A1 (en) * 2009-04-30 2010-11-04 Underground Systems, Inc. Overhead power line monitor

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ES2415580B1 (en) 2014-05-21

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