WO2013073765A1 - Irregularly formed waterproof panel having hollow protrusion for waterproofing, and waterproofing construction using same - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to an irregularly formed waterproof panel having a hollow protrusion for waterproofing, and to a waterproofing construction using same. The objective of the present invention is to provide: an irregularly formed waterproof panel in which a complex waterproofing layer is formed using the irregularly formed waterproof panel having a hollow protrusion to prevent a waterproofing foundation from being cracked or to prevent a waterproofing layer from being damaged due to the behavior of a joint, and to provide permeability to air; and a waterproofing construction using same. The exposed or non-exposed waterproofing construction with respect to the concrete structure includes: a step of forming a complex waterproof layer in which irregularly formed waterproof panels are integrated with the surface of the concrete structure, wherein the complex waterproof layer is installed by connecting the irregularly formed waterproof panels to each other; and a step of applying a waterproof material to fill the inside of the protrusion of each of the irregularly formed waterproof panels to form an upper waterproof layer, wherein each of the irregularly formed waterproof panels includes a flat plate part having a sheet or plate shape and a plurality of hollow protrusions having a conic or semicircular shape and which protrude downward from the flat plate part.

Description

Waterproof concave-convex waterproof panel with hollow inside and waterproof method using the same

The present invention relates to a waterproof concave-convex waterproof panel having a hollow inside and a waterproofing method using the same, and to connecting a concave-shaped waterproof panel having a conical or semi-circular protrusion having a hollow inside and having a hole in the bottom of a concrete structure. The present invention relates to a concave-convex waterproof panel and a waterproof method using the same.

In general, concrete structures have cracks during concrete drying or hardening after concrete pouring, or when the structure is large, concrete joints are formed by separating and placing concrete, or separated concrete. In the case of subsequent installation of the structure, expansion joints are installed in order to solve the impact caused by the expansion of the structure, and these parts are moved up and down by the excessive load or temperature change after drying the structure. , Or stretch behavior.

On the other hand, among the concrete structures, the waterproofing layer is generally installed on the roof or outer wall of the underground structure used in the ground or the roof of the ground structure to prevent leakage, and the durability of the waterproofing layer is due to the cracks generated in the above-mentioned concrete. In the case of a method of attaching a waterproofing material to a waterproofing base (generally, a front-adhesive waterproofing method) by directly using an adhesive or a primer, it is directly affected by the behavior of a joint or a joint joint or expansion joint. As shown, defects in which the waterproof layer is broken frequently due to a sudden decrease in the cross-section of the waterproof layer or a decrease in stress due to local deformation (or no-stress stress) occurring at the above-described sites are frequently encountered. Many methods have been devised and used.

Alternatively, as shown in FIG. 2, the cracks or the upper waterproof layer of the joint portion is partially removed by using a tape 210 or the like to partially prevent the breakage defect of the waterproof layer by using a partial insulation waterproof method. Although this method partially exerts its effects at the visually visible cracks and joints, it is hardly effective in concrete structures in which a large amount of cracks are not visible to the naked eye.

Alternatively, in view of the above problems, the waterproof base including the cracks and joints visible to the naked eye can be partially glued to an adhesive base such as an adhesive or an anchor on a sheet or a plate of a waterproof base material of a sheet of a synthetic polymer, a metal, or an asphalt series. After using the adhesive, the coating layer-based waterproofing material is successively applied to complete the waterproofing layer, that is, as shown in FIG. 3, the partial adhesion waterproofing method that floats with the waterproofing base depending on the waterproofing base material 220. It is devised and used to solve the occurrence of breakage defects of the waterproof layer, this waterproof method is much more effective than the partial insulation waterproof method, the heterogeneous waterproof base material 220 and the coating film waterproof material 230 In the case of use, the adhesion interface between the waterproof base material and the waterproofing material of the coating film is dropped, or wrinkles or damage may occur due to the difference in physical properties. Defects, or the overall (waterproof base + composite film waterproofing) thickness of the waterproof layer is about 2 to 3mm thin, and mainly by using a soft rubber-based waterproofing material, the load of the concrete protective pressing layer or ground layer on top of the waterproofing layer As a result, the cross-sectional thickness of the waterproofing layer is significantly reduced, or the waterproofing layer is pressed against the load, and the waterproofing durability is significantly reduced, such as the waterproofing layer is pierced by projections in the waterproofing base.

Alternatively, after applying the perforated sheet to the waterproofing base, a dot-coating waterproofing method is applied to the waterproofing base by applying a coating waterproofing material or the like thereon, but this also causes problems such as the partial adhesive waterproofing method. do.

In sum, the various waterproofing methods are selected and used to extend the durability life of the waterproofing layer in response to the cracking or joints occurring in the concrete structure, but the part of the construction structure using the waterproofing methods. Is generally covered with soil with a thickness of 1 m or more, or under the construction of a slab of heavy concrete or asphalt for the construction of sidewalks or roadways, or under the slab of an underground structure, where excessive load is continuously applied due to frequent human walking or driving of a car. The roof layer slab of the ground structure to install the protection press with concrete, etc., or the outer wall part of the underground structure where the heavy rock or soil is continuously pressed (side pressure), so that the waterproof layer according to the above methods, that is, the thickness of about 2 ~ 3mm thin and soft high Waterproofing layers using amorphous sheet or coating waterproofing materials can commonly point out a problem that mechanical durability life, such as a decrease in the thickness of the waterproofing layer and a perforation, is significantly reduced due to the excessive load or impact.

In order to solve this problem, after installing the waterproofing layer in the same manner as above, cement mortar or rubber having a thickness of about 10 to 20 mm for the purpose of preventing damage of the waterproofing layer due to local compression or by rocks such as protrusions and gravel. In addition, a method of installing a protective pressing layer after installing a cushioning material such as plastic or the like may be devised and used.

(Prior art document)

(Patent Document 1) Published Patent Publication No. 2002-0087244 (2002.11.22)

(Patent Document 2) Registered Patent Publication No. 10-0878226 (2009.01.12)

(Patent Document 3) Registered Patent Publication No. 10-0878342 (2009.01.06)

(Patent Document 4) Registered Patent Publication No. 10-1059736 (2011.08.22)

An object of the present invention is to form a composite waterproof layer using a concave-shaped waterproof panel having a conical or semi-circular projection with a hollow inside, thereby preventing damage to the waterproof layer due to cracking or joint behavior of the waterproof surface of the concrete structure, and breathable To provide a concave-convex waterproof panel and a waterproof method using the same.

An object of the present invention is to form a composite waterproof layer in which a concave-shaped waterproof panel having a conical or semi-circular projection with an empty hollow and a waterproofing material is integrated, and an uneven waterproof panel capable of forming an exposed and unexposed waterproof layer for a concrete structure and the same It is to provide a waterproof method.

An object of the present invention is to form a composite waterproof layer, which can eliminate the unevenness of the exposed and unexposed waterproof layer due to the reduction of the cross-section of the waterproof layer by the protective pressing layer or the ground load, or by local compression or impact of the protrusion rock. It is to provide a waterproof panel and a waterproof method using the same.

An object of the present invention is to prevent the damage of the waterproof layer due to the thickness deformation (cross-sectional reduction), horizontal expansion (in-plane) behavior, vibration and shear (out-of-plane) behavior of the waterproof layer due to the upper load of the waterproof layer, the interface adhesion of the composite waterproof layer It is to provide a waterproof and waterproof method using the uneven molded waterproof panel with increased breathability.

The present invention in the exposure or non-exposure waterproofing method for the concrete structure, the composite waterproof layer is formed on the surface of the concrete structure integrally formed with the concave-convex molding waterproof panel, the composite waterproof layer is installed by connecting the concave-convex waterproofing panel, the concave-convex molding The waterproof panel is formed of a composite waterproof layer coated with a polymer-incorporated cement mortar-based waterproofing material or an elastic coating waterproofing material to fill the protrusions of the waterproof panel. The uneven-shaped waterproof panel includes a flat plate or sheet, and protrudes downward from the flat plate. In addition, it is intended to include a plurality of conical or semicircular projections which are hollow inside.

In this way, the present invention is to install a plastic or metal sheet-like or plate-shaped concave-shaped waterproof panel having a conical or semi-circular projection having a hollow inside and having a hole in the lower portion thereof. Work can be performed immediately without waiting for the concrete structure to dry up to about 12% water content, which can contribute to shortening the construction period, and also eliminates background cleaning and ground cleaning work. It can also contribute to shortening construction period and reducing construction costs.

The present invention is a hole in the bottom of the projection of the concave-convex molded waterproof panel, the composite waterproof layer consisting of the concave-convex waterproof panel and the polymer mixed cement mortar-based waterproof material or elastic coating waterproofing material is point-bonded to the waterproofing base surface, the concrete structure to be waterproof Mechanical behaviors of various kinds or sizes that occur randomly throughout, i.e. flexural deformation and flexural stress due to sagging of concrete structures, cracks or expansion joints, or expansion joints or PCs Even if there is expansion or contraction of the sheet gap, expansion stress, shear stress and shear deformation, or deformation and stress behavior repeated over a long period of time, the watertight waterproof layer can be maintained for a long time without being transferred to the entire waterproof layer. have.

According to the present invention, the uneven-shaped waterproof panel is provided with protrusions having a predetermined height, and when forming an exposed waterproof layer such as a rooftop, even if the moisture contained in the ground concrete evaporates and expands through the protrusions, the problem that the waterproof layer swells is a problem. It can be solved to form a breathable exposure waterproof layer, and when forming a non-exposed waterproof layer, the composite waterproof layer can withstand even the upper load of the weight, such as pressed concrete or ground, can not be pressed to improve the waterproof durability.

According to the present invention, two adjacent concave-convex waterproof panels can be continuously installed by fitting projections, and thus, the waterproofing layer can be simply integrated into a continuous layer, thereby increasing watertightness and improving workability.

The present invention is to fill and apply the empty space and the upper portion of the protrusions of the uneven molded waterproof panel with a polymer mixed cement mortar waterproof material or an elastic coating waterproofing material having excellent compressive strength, it is possible to further increase the pressure resistance corresponding to local compression, The reinforcing effect on the upper load of the composite waterproof layer can be increased.

According to the present invention, air can flow in and out through the perforated hole in the lower part of the protrusion, and thus, when the polymer mixing cement mortar-based waterproofing material or the elastic coating waterproofing material is applied to fill the empty protrusion inner space, the entire inner space can be more easily filled. .

The present invention is a concave-convex waterproof panel is provided with a projection of a predetermined height, the adhesion area with the polymer-incorporated cement mortar-based waterproof material or elastic coating waterproofing material to be filled in the empty space inside the projection to the maximum, heterogeneity due to thermal behavior The interface drop between the waterproof layers does not occur and can be integrated to further improve watertight durability.

The present invention can be fixed to the waterproof base by partially using the projections, such as bumps, nails, anchors, such as the irregularities-shaped waterproof panel on the waterproofing base, and the fastener is more easily to the waterproofing base using compressed air such as airless It can be fixed so that it can be attached without deformation even in structures with very large deformation behavior.

The present invention can be applied to the waterproof base by applying an adhesive adhesive to the waterproofing base can be attached to the waterproofing base to obtain a better adhesive force can be attached without deformation even in a structure having a very large deformation behavior.

According to the present invention, by using a urethane, rubber asphalt mastic having a viscous behavior, or a water-absorbing swelling reactive coating waterproofing material, the concave-convex waterproofing panel can be adhered to the waterproofing base with adhesiveness, thereby obtaining better adhesion. In addition, even if the upper waterproof layer and the concave-convex molding waterproof panel is damaged, even if the water flows into the lower portion of the waterproof layer, the water may be blocked or absorb the water, thereby forming a waterproof layer to reinforce the waterproof effect.

The present invention is not only very economical compared to the conventional technique of installing a unit sheet, applying a coating film waterproofing material, or using a combination of them over the entire surface of the concrete, but also exhibiting excellent pressure resistance, resulting from the thin thickness of the conventional waterproof layer. There is an effect that can solve most problems, such as the reduction of the cross-section of the waterproof layer due to the upper load or the puncture phenomenon of the waterproof layer.

The present invention is to provide the optimum waterproof layer performance within the economic range through the limitation of the thickness, the projection height and projection interval, or the coating thickness of the waterproofing material of the uneven molded waterproof panel.

The present invention is to form a composite waterproof layer consisting of a double structure of the upper waterproof layer consisting of a polymer-incorporated cement mortar-based waterproofing material or an elastic coating waterproofing material that can be waterproof seamlessly with a concave-shaped waterproofing panel having excellent waterproofing ability, exposure to concrete structures and When applied to non-exposed waterproofing, there are many effects such as having excellent waterproofing ability.

1 is an exemplary view showing a conventional waterproof method (front adhesive waterproof method)

2 is an exemplary view showing a conventional partial insulation waterproofing method

Figure 3 is an exemplary view showing a conventional insulation waterproofing method (waterproof base material)

Figure 4 is an exemplary view showing the configuration of the concave-convex molding waterproof panel according to the present invention

5 is an exemplary view showing the fixing (fixture) of the present invention uneven molding panel

Figure 6 is an exemplary view showing the fixing (adhesive coating film waterproofing material) of the uneven molded waterproof panel of the present invention

Figure 7 is an exemplary view showing an installation state (overlapping) of the uneven molded waterproof panel of the present invention

8 is an exemplary view showing a point of adhesion state of the composite waterproof layer according to the present invention

9 is an exemplary view showing the configuration of a non-exposed waterproof layer according to the present invention;

10 is an exemplary view showing the configuration of the ventilation exposure waterproofing layer according to the present invention;

11 is an exemplary view showing a test configuration according to Example 2 of the present invention.

(Explanation of the sign)

(10): uneven molding waterproof panel (11): flat plate

(12): protrusions 13: inside

14: hole 20: upper waterproof layer

(30): protective pressing layer (40): fixture

50: adhesive or coating waterproofing material 60: waterproof layer

(70): waterproof reinforcement layer (80): surface protective layer

100: concrete structure

(110): vertical wall

Figure 4 is an exemplary view showing the configuration of the concave-convex waterproofing panel according to the present invention, Figure 5 is an illustration showing the fixing (fixture) of the concave-convex waterproofing panel according to the present invention, Figure 6 is a fixed view of the concave-convex waterproofing panel of the present invention 7 is an exemplary view showing an adhesive coating waterproofing material, FIG. 7 is an exemplary view showing an installation state (overlapping) of the concave-convex waterproofing panel of the present invention, and FIG. 8 is an exemplary view showing an adhesive state of a composite waterproof layer according to the present invention. As shown,

The concave-convex waterproof panel 10 according to the present invention includes a flat plate portion 11 made of a sheet or plate, and a plurality of conical or semi-circular protrusions 12 protruding downward from the flat plate portion 11. ,

The projection 12 has a hollow inside 13 and has a hole 14 having a diameter of 0.1 mm to 3.0 mm at its lower end, and has a height h of 3.0 mm to 20.0 mm and an inner diameter d of 5.0 mm to 15.0. Mm.

The conical or semi-circular projections 12 are continuously formed with a distance L between 1.0 mm and 10.0 mm adjacent thereto.

The concave-convex waterproof panel 10 configured as described above may include an ethyl group such as polyethylene, a propyl group such as polypropylene, an ester group such as polyester, or a urethane such as polyurethane. It is made of thermoplastic hard or soft plastic material with urethane) or epoxy group such as epoxy, or made of metal and has a thickness (t) of 0.1mm∼2.0mm.

In addition, the protrusions 12 are filled with a waterproof material into the interior 13 forming an empty space, and the hole 14 prevents the formation of an air layer inside the protrusions when the waterproof material is filled, and at the same time, As shown in FIG. 8, it has a function to make point adhesive with the surface of the concrete structure.

That is, the hole 14 according to the present invention has a diameter of 0.1 mm to 3.0 mm, and the diameter of such a hole is for facilitating the filling of the waterproofing material filled into the projections or preventing a large amount of detachment. If the diameter of less than 0.1mm, the waterproof material is difficult to fill the inside of the projection without the air layer, if the diameter is more than 3.0mm, a large amount of the waterproof material through the hole is cracking occurs in the waterproof layer. The waterproof material is a polymer mixed cement mortar-based waterproof material or an elastic coating waterproof material.

In addition, the size limitation for the protrusions 12 of the present invention as described above is to improve the waterproof layer performance, such as pressure resistance, crack resistance, fatigue resistance, if out of the scope according to the present invention, uneven shaped waterproof panel, and The phenomenon that the performance of the composite waterproof layer made of a waterproof material to be applied and filled occurs.

The non-exposure waterproofing method and the rooftop ventilation exposure waterproofing method using the uneven-shaped waterproof panel of the present invention configured as described above are as follows. The ventilation exposure and non-exposure waterproofing methods described below are for explaining the waterproofing method using the uneven molded waterproof panel in the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to the exposed waterproofing method and the non-exposed waterproofing method.

-Non-exposure waterproof method

Figure 9 shows an exemplary view showing the configuration of the non-exposed waterproof layer according to the present invention, the present invention is a roof or outer wall of the underground structure buried in the basement is constructed of concrete or PC (Pre-casting Concrete) plate, or the like, or A non-exposed waterproof layer in a roof of a ground structure which is protected by concrete or the like;

It includes a composite waterproof layer 60, the uneven molding waterproof panel is integrated, and a protective pressing layer 30 formed by pouring on the composite waterproof layer,

The composite waterproof layer 60 is installed by connecting the uneven molded waterproof panel 10 to each other, and the upper waterproof layer 20 is formed by applying a waterproof material to fill the protrusions 13 of the uneven molded waterproof panel.

That is, the present invention provides a method for constructing a non-exposed waterproof layer for a crack of a concrete structure or a concrete structure or a joint of a concrete structure;

Arrangement step of disposing the concave-shaped waterproof panel 10 having a conical or semi-circular projection (12) having an interior 13 is empty and a hole 14 is drilled in the bottom of the concrete structure;

A connection step of interconnecting the concave-convex waterproofing panel 10 in the length or width direction by using the protrusions 12 of the concave-convex waterproofing panel 10;

An upper waterproof layer forming step of forming an upper waterproof layer 20 by applying a waterproof material to have a predetermined height while filling the protrusions 13 of the unevenly shaped waterproof panel 10;

Curing the upper waterproof layer 20 to form a composite waterproof layer 60 integrated with the uneven-shaped waterproof panel 10;

Through the protective pressing layer forming step of forming a protective pressing layer 30 on the waterproofing layer 60, it is to form a non-exposure waterproof layer which is mechanically strengthened in strength and has excellent durability and economy.

The disposing step arranges the plurality of uneven-shaped waterproof panel 10 on the waterproof base 100 of the concrete structure. At this time, the uneven shape waterproof panel is preferably made of a plastic material.

The connecting step is a step of overlapping and connecting one side uneven waterproofing panel 10a and another uneven waterproofing panel 10b as shown in FIG. 7, overlapping the length or left and right width directions of the uneven waterproofing panel. The width W is about 30.0 mm to 100.0 mm, and the projections of one uneven molded waterproof panel are fitted into the projections of adjacent uneven molded waterproof panels, or are glued and glued together to form a waterproof base (concrete structure surface). Install the concave-convex waterproof panel on the front side.

At this time, the overlap width (W) is about 30.0mm ~ 100.0mm, and fit the projections of the concave-convex waterproofing panel on one side, and fit the projections of the adjacent concave-convex waterproofing panel, or by applying adhesive to glue the waterproofing base ( Concrete structure surface) It is preferable to install so that the concave-convex waterproofing panel is continuous in front.

In addition, as shown in Figure 5, the waterproof base (concrete) using a metal fixture 40, such as pins, nails, anchors, etc., using the holes 14 formed at the bottom of the projection 12 of the uneven waterproof panel. It is partially fixed on the surface of the structure, or as shown in Figure 6, further comprises a fixing step of applying a predetermined amount of adhesive or coating waterproofing material 50 on the waterproof base (concrete structure).

The coating film waterproofing material 50 is a rubber asphalt coating film waterproofing material having sticky adhesiveness and viscous behavior, or a resin coating film waterproofing material having water absorption swelling reactivity such as acrylic, polyvinyl, etc., preferably water absorption swelling reactive resin coating film Use waterproofing material.

In the forming of the upper waterproof layer, the waterproofing material is applied to the concave-convex waterproof panel 10 installed on the waterproof base to have a predetermined thickness, thereby forming the upper waterproof layer 20 having a predetermined thickness. The waterproofing material may be a polymer mixed cement mortar-based waterproofing material or an elastic coating waterproofing material.

The polymer-blended cement mortar-based waterproofing material is a polymer-blended cement-mortar-based waterproofing material made by mixing a waterproof liquid or powdery polymer or epoxy, cement, silica sand, or sand in a predetermined ratio, and the liquid, powdery polymer is acrylic. , EVA, SBS, SBR, epoxy is one selected.

That is, the polymer-incorporated cement mortar-based waterproofing material is a liquid, powdery polymer such as acrylic, EVA, SBS, SBR, epoxy, etc., and cement, silica sand, or sand having a predetermined ratio, that is, P (polymer) / C (cement). Cement mixed with 0.5 to 10% by weight ratio: Polymer mixed cement mortar-based waterproof material made by mixing silica sand or sand ratio 1: 0.5 to 3 Spread or spray spray to apply a waterproof layer of a predetermined thickness.

The polymer-mixed cement mortar-based waterproofing material formed as described above has good adhesion with the uneven shaped waterproof panel, so that it is easy to form an integrated waterproof layer, does not easily cause cracks, and can give a predetermined elasticity. It can be traced to a degree, and also has the feature of improving the resistance to local compression after filling the protrusions, and it is economical because the price is low. In particular, when the water-tight surface is coated with a waterproofing material on the top to reinforce the waterproofing, pinholes are not generated in the waterproofing layer without separate grounding.

The elastic coating film waterproofing material is synthetic rubber-based coating waterproofing materials, such as urethane, chloroprene of 120 N / mm ~ 600 N / mm of an extended length; Synthetic resin coating waterproofing materials such as urea, epoxy and polyester; Asphalt series waterproofing material; It can be used by selecting any one of water-resistant polymers such as urethane, epoxy, acrylic, EVA, etc., and coating film waterproofing material mixed with cement or inorganic powder such as sand or calcium carbonate. Inadequate response to dynamic behaviour, or rising construction costs are uneconomical.

In addition, the elastic coating waterproofing material may be used in the same series, or if the elastic range of the specified range by varying the degree of elasticity. For example, the inside of the projection of the uneven molded waterproof panel is filled with a coating waterproof material having a better elongation than the stress, and the upper waterproof layer is filled with a coating waterproof material having a higher stress than the elongation, whereas the inside of the protrusion is filled with a coating waterproof material having a higher stress than the elongation. The waterproof layer may form an upper waterproof layer 20 by applying a coating waterproof material having an excellent elongation rate than stress.

That is, the upper waterproof layer 20 is formed by an elastic coating waterproof material filled into the projections of the uneven waterproof panel and another elastic coating waterproof material applied to have a predetermined thickness over the flat portion 11 of the uneven waterproof panel. Be,

The elastic film waterproofing material filled into the projections is more stressed than another elastic coating waterproofing material applied onto the flat plate portion, and the other elastic coating waterproofing material applied over the flat plate portion has better elongation than the elastic coating waterproofing material filled into the projection part. do or,

The elastic film waterproofing material filled into the projections has a higher elongation than another elastic coating waterproofing material applied onto the flat plate portion, and the other elastic coating waterproofing material applied over the flat plate portion has better stress than the elastic film waterproofing material filled into the projections. The upper waterproof layer 20 itself may be formed to have a dual structure.

The polymer-incorporated cement mortar-based waterproofing material or elastic coating waterproofing material is filled into the inner void space of the unevenly shaped waterproofing panel projection and coated and cured to have a predetermined thickness from the unevenly shaped waterproofing panel flat part.

In addition, the polymer-incorporated cement mortar-based waterproofing material or elastic coating waterproofing material is formed by a hole having a diameter of 0.1 mm to 3.0 mm formed at the lower end of the projection of the uneven molded waterproof panel, without forming an air layer into the void inside the projection and without excessive spillage. Will be filled.

In the curing step, the upper waterproof layer 20 is cured or cured, and integrated with the uneven molding panel 10, thereby forming a composite waterproof layer 60 made of one. That is, in the composite waterproof layer 60 according to the present invention, the uneven shaped waterproof panel 10 and the upper waterproof layer 20 are integrally formed.

In addition, the present invention may further add a waterproof reinforcing step of forming a waterproof reinforcing layer 70 by applying a liquid coating waterproofing material such as urethane or the like, or spreading a sheet-like waterproofing material such as rubber asphalt on the curing step.

In addition, the present invention may further add a step of laying a heat insulating material, such as urethane foam or expanded polystyrene for thermal insulation reinforcement after the curing step.

The protective pressing layer forming step is to cast a concrete of a predetermined thickness on the waterproof layer 60, or to form a protective pressing layer 30 by placing a pre-casting concrete (P.C) plate or block.

The present invention made as described above has a protective pressing layer such as slab top or outer wall, or concrete of the underground concrete structure due to the behavior occurring in the cracks or joints, which are essential for the construction of construction structures, and which is constantly subjected to excessive loads. In completing a more durable and economical non-exposure waterproofing method in a place such as a slab upper part of a ground concrete structure, it is resistant to a common problem of the conventional waterproofing methods, in particular to an excessive load on the waterproofing layer, Economical construction cost can be reduced.

-Rooftop ventilation exposure waterproof layer construction method

Figure 10 shows an exemplary view showing the configuration of the ventilation exposure waterproofing layer according to the present invention, the present invention is a ventilation exposure waterproofing layer and waterproofing method on the roof of the structure;

Arrangement step of disposing the concave-shaped waterproof panel 10 having a conical or semi-circular projection (12) having an interior 13 is empty and a hole 14 is drilled in the bottom of the concrete structure;

A connection step of interconnecting the concave-convex waterproofing panel 10 in the length or width direction by using the protrusions 12 of the concave-convex waterproofing panel 10;

An upper waterproof layer forming step of forming an upper waterproof layer 20 by applying a waterproof material to have a predetermined height while filling the protrusions 13 of the unevenly shaped waterproof panel 10;

Curing the upper waterproof layer 20 to form a composite waterproof layer 60 integrated with the uneven-shaped waterproof panel 10;

Waterproof reinforcing step of applying a liquid film waterproofing material on the composite waterproofing layer 60, or spreading the sheet-like waterproofing material to form a waterproof reinforcing layer 70;

Including a surface protective layer forming step of forming a surface protective layer 80 by applying a surface protective material on the waterproof reinforcing layer 70,

In the connecting step, the overlap width (W) is approximately 10.0 mm to 100.0 mm in the length or left and right width directions of the concave-convex waterproof panel 10, and the projection of the concave-convex waterproof panel is adjacent to the projection of the concave-convex waterproof panel. To fit in,

Into the projections of the concave-convex waterproof panel installed so as to face each other, the projections of another concave-convex waterproof panel having a predetermined width are inserted and interconnected.

In order to relieve the vaporized expansion pressure of the moisture contained in the waterproof base surface from the vertical wall surface 110, the concave-convex waterproof panel is bent to a predetermined radius of curvature to fix the upper end to the vertical wall surface 110.

That is, the present invention in the ventilation exposure waterproofing layer and waterproofing method on the roof of the structure; First, the sheet-like or plate-shaped concave-shaped waterproof panel made of soft or hard resin having a conical or semi-circular protrusion, or a metal plate having a hollow inside, overlapping, spreading, fin or iron, etc. Using a fixture or glue of glue on the waterproof base,

Insert the projections of the other concave-convex waterproofing panel into the projections of the concave-convex waterproofing panel, and interconnect the sheet-shaped or plate-shaped concave-convex waterproofing panels of the opposite sides,

The uneven molded waterproof panel close to the vertical wall surface is bent to a predetermined radius of curvature to fix the upper end portion to the vertical wall surface with a fixing pin or a fixture such as a metal, thereby eliminating the vaporized expansion pressure of water contained in the waterproof base surface from the vertical wall surface.

 Filled or coated with a polymer-incorporated cement mortar-based waterproofing material or elastic coating waterproofing material to fill the inside of the projection of the uneven molded waterproof panel installed continuously over the roof base surface and the vertical wall surface, or to have a predetermined thickness to the sheet surface. next,

On it, an elastic liquid coating film waterproofing material such as urethane and the like is applied, and finally, by applying a known surface protective material capable of blocking heat or ultraviolet rays, the exposed waterproof layer of a concrete structure having breathability can be formed.

Further, the polymer-blended cement mortar-based waterproofing material and the elastic coating waterproofing material are the polymer-blended cement-mortar-based waterproofing material and the elastic coating waterproofing material described in the above-mentioned non-exposed waterproofing layer.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail by way of examples.

Example 1

In order to check the effect of the thickness and protrusion height of the projections and unevenly formed waterproof panels (thermoplastic plastics) and the filling degree of the water-soluble polymer mixed waterproofing material on the pressure resistance,

Representative test specimens having an inner diameter of the projection space surface of 5 mm were used as the representative test specimens. Cut 6 sets (1 set of 4 pieces) so that it becomes ㎝ x 30 cm, and then apply the acrylic water-soluble polymer mixed waterproofing material to the remaining 3 sheets except one of them. The test body was coated and cured so that the thickness (t) was 2.0 mm and 5.0 mm from the panel, respectively. The pressure gauge was pressurized at the rate of / min and the pressure gauge was 0.1Tonｆ, 0.5Tonｆ, 1.0Tonｆ, 5.0Tonｆ, 10.0Tonｆ, 50.0Tonｆ, 75.0Tonｆ, 100.0Tonｆｆ. Deformation of the waterproof uneven molding panel with protrusions (Protrusion height deformed deformation amount, ㎜) was measured and then pressurized again, the test was carried out, and the test was carried out for each specimen having a projection space interval of 1.0mm, 5.0mm, 10.0mm, respectively, the results are shown in the following [Table 1] to [Table 3].

[Table 1]-Test by 1.0mm gap between protrusion space

[Table 2]-Test by 5.0mm gap between protrusion space

[Table 3]-Test by 10.0㎜ interval between protrusion space

As shown in the test results of [Table 1] to [Table 3], as the filling degree of the acrylic water-soluble polymer mixed waterproofing material increases, it is found that deformation or deformation does not occur in the unevenly formed waterproofing material under a higher pressure load. Can be. In addition, when the acrylic water-soluble polymer mixed waterproofing material is compared with the plain which is not filled, it can be seen that the amount of deformation is significantly reduced according to the filling degree. That is, it can be seen that the pressure resistance increases as the filling degree of the water-soluble polymer mixed waterproofing material increases.

Example 2

In order to check the effect of the filling degree of the polymer-incorporated cement mortar-based waterproofing material on the crack resistance, the thickness, the projection height, and the inside of the projections,

First, two molds (forms) manufactured to have a thickness of about 10 cm and a width of 100 cm and a length of 50 cm, and a frame 1 produced to have a thickness of about 10 cm, a width of 100 cm and a length of 100 cm. The dogs are made, and the three molds are made of concrete by pouring concrete (lemicon), which is the most common compounding currently used in the construction of concrete structures for construction, that is, the composite design designed to have a compressive strength of 210 kg / ㎠ for 28 days. Two, 10 cm thick, 100 cm wide, and 50 cm long concrete panels were placed on each other in the longitudinal direction on a test device made for the tensile test and the tensile fatigue test specified in KS F 4934. (Test piece 100cm in total length),

As in Example 1, the test body having the inner diameter of the protruding space surface was 5 mm as the representative test body, and the spacing between the protruding spaces was 1.0 mm (spacing between the conical protrusion ends 6.0 mm) and 5.0 mm (spacing between the conical protrusion ends). 10.0 mm), 10.0 mm (15.0 mm spacing between the ends of the conical projections), and the thickness and width of each unevenly shaped waterproof panel with projection heights of 5.0 mm and 10.0 mm, respectively, for each standard. Cut 6 sets (1 set of 4 pieces) so that each becomes 100cm × 100cm, and then fill the remaining spaces with the acrylic water-soluble polymer mixed waterproofing material on the remaining 3 sheets except one piece (plain), or fill the entire space. As a test body, it was put on the uneven molded waterproof panel to have a thickness T of 2.0 mm and 5.0 mm, respectively.

As shown in (a) of FIG. 11, a test body on which concrete (weight of about 240 kgf / m 2) made to have a thickness of about 10 cm, a width of 100 cm, and a length of 100 cm was placed thereon. The instantaneous tensile strain test was performed by electromotive operation of the test apparatus so that the width of the butt gap of the test specimen concrete assuming the concrete slab was 0.5 mm, 1.0 mm, 2.0 mm, 5.0 mm and 10.0 mm, respectively. The gap between the top of the bottom concrete in the longitudinal direction of the molded waterproofing material and the gap between the nearest conical projection end, i.e. from the distance C1 between the first projection end as shown in FIG. The test to measure the change amount (C2) was performed and the results are shown in the following [Table 4] to [Table 6].

[Table 4]-Test based on 6.0mm gap between adjacent projections (1.0mm gap between projection spaces)

[Table 5]-Test based on 10.0mm gap between adjacent protrusions (5.0mm gap between protrusion spaces)

[Table 6]-Test by 15.0mm of spacing between adjacent protrusions (10.0mm of spacing between protrusions)

As in the test results of Tables 4 to 6, the narrower the gap between the end portions of the projections (the gap between the projection spaces), or the thicker the thickness t of the uneven molded waterproof panel, or the higher the projection height, The lower the value, or the acrylic water-soluble polymer mixed waterproofing material fills the entire inner space of the protrusion, and the thicker the thickness (T) from the uneven molded waterproof panel, the better the crack resistance. Particularly, the crack width is larger than 10.0 mm. Even if the deformation of the uneven molded plastic-based waterproof material is within about 4.0㎜, it can be seen that the base concrete surface and the end of the projection are joined by a point.

Example 3

In order to examine the effect of the filling degree of water-soluble polymer mixed waterproofing material on the fatigue resistance due to the stretching behavior caused by cracking, for the thickness, protrusion height, and inside of the protrusions

After completion of the test according to Example 2, the width of the butt gap of the lower concrete was 0.0 mm to 0.5 mm, 0.0 mm to 1.0 mm, 0.0 mm to 2.0 mm, 0.0 mm to 5.0 mm and 0.0 mm to 5 minutes apart, respectively. When the test device was electrically operated to reciprocate between 10.0mm width and 2,000 times repeated tensile strain (fatigue) test was performed, and defects such as breaking of molded waterproof material with irregularities occurred, the test was stopped and repeated The results are shown in [Table 7] to [Table 9].

[Table 7]-Test based on 6.0mm gap between adjacent protrusions (1.0mm gap between protrusion spaces)

[Table 8]-Test by 10.0 ㎜ spacing between adjacent protrusions (5.0 ㎜ spacing between protrusion spaces)

[Table 9]-Test by 15.0 ㎜ spacing between adjacent protrusions (10.0 ㎜ spacing between protrusion spaces)

As shown in the test results of [Table 7] to [Table 9] above, no defects occurred in the entire test body, so that gaps generated in the concrete ground such as shrinkage cracks, expansion joints or expansion joints, etc. It can be seen that it is possible to flexibly cope with the deformation or the stretching stress due to the repeating behavior, which is the base concrete surface and the end of the protrusion is bonded to the point as in Example 2, so that the deformation or stress It can be seen that this is because it all relaxes.

Example 4

Overlap watertightness

In order to check the continuity and the water resistance according to the joint when the waterproof layer is made by joining the projections and protrusions with waterproof protrusions,

Protrusions of the uneven molded waterproof panel having an inner diameter of 5 mm for the projection space surface, a gap of 1.0 mm between the adjacent projection spaces, and a thickness of 0.1 mm, 0.5 mm, 1.0 mm for the uneven molded waterproof panel, and 5.0 mm for the raised height, respectively One (overlap width 3.5mm), two (overlap width 9.5mm), three (overlap width 10.5mm), four (overlap width 21.5mm), five (overlap width 27.5mm) and ten (overlap width 57.5㎜), the overlapping part of the overlapped length and width of 30cm × 30cm, respectively, was filled with the acrylic water-soluble polymer mixed waterproofing material to fill only the inner space. Put it in a test tank made of steel as much as possible, seal it around the edge with a sealing material, cover the lid, and apply pressure of 1 bar (about 1.02㎏f / ㎠) and 5bar (about 5.1㎏f / ㎠) for 24 hours. While leaking, the test was stopped and the time of pressurization was recorded. And it is equal to [Table 10] [Table 11].

[Table 10] Test by 1 bar, 6.0 mm gap between adjacent protrusions (1.0 mm gap between protrusion spaces)

Table 11 Test with 5 bar and 6.0 mm gap between adjacent projections (1.0 mm gap between projection spaces)

As shown in the above [Table 10], the leakage occurred at the thickness of the specimen more than 0.5mm, the gap between adjacent projections 6.0mm, but no leakage occurred in other specimens, and also in [Table 11] Regardless of the thickness, up to 4 overlapping protrusions leaked through the overlapping gap, but no leakage occurred until the end of the test from 5 or more (overlap width 27.5㎜).

That is, in actual application, at least 5 bar in the area where the water pressure is expected to be more than 5 bar (approximately 5.1kgf / ㎠) (typically about 50M or more underground) and at least about 30.0mm in the overlap width is designed. It can be seen that it is preferable.

Example 5

In order to confirm the effect of the hole in the lower part of the projection, the projection end of the uneven molded plastic-based waterproof material having a thickness of 0.1 mm, an inner diameter of the projection space 5 mm, an interval between adjacent projection spaces of 1.0 mm and a projection height of 6.0 mm A water-soluble acrylic polymer mixed waterproofing material or a commercially available coating waterproofing material (liquid urethane-based coating film) is formed inside the protrusions of the uneven molded waterproof panel with holes 0.1 mm, 0.5 mm, 1.0 mm, 1.5 mm, 2.0 mm, and 3.0 mm in diameter. A test was performed to fill the space by pouring the waterproofing material. Also, the waterproofing material was poured in the same manner by using a concave-convex molded waterproof panel that is not perforated for comparison, and the results are shown in [Table 12].

Table 12

As shown in [Table 12], when the diameter of the hole becomes 3.0 mm or more, in the case of the water-soluble acrylic polymer mixed waterproofing material, some of the water-soluble acrylic polymer exits the hole during the curing process, and the diameter of the hole becomes 3.0 mm or more. A large amount of water-soluble acrylic polymer is broken out into the hole to cause a crack in the hardened mortar waterproofing material, and even in the case of a liquid urethane-based waterproofing film with a long curing time, about 50% of the waterproofing material escapes, resulting in a defect that cannot fill the space.

In addition, in the case of a hole having a diameter of 1.0 mm, the water-soluble acrylic polymer mixed waterproofing material could not fill the entire space, but the state of the cured waterproofing layer was relatively good, whereas the liquid urethane coating waterproofing material could fill the entire space. In the case of a hole diameter of 0.0 mm, an air layer was formed between the bottom of the projection space and the waterproof layer, so that the water-soluble acrylic polymer mixed waterproofing material and the liquid urethane-based waterproof film could not fill the space.

Example 6

In order to check the pressure resistance of the composite waterproof layer formed by the projections and recesses waterproof panel and the elastic coating waterproofing material, the projections have waterproof surface inside diameter of 5 mm, thickness 0.5 mm, protrusion height 5.0 mm, and gap between projection spaces 2.5 mm. 13 sheets were cut out using panels as representative test specimens to be 30cm × 30cm, and the first class of urethane rubber-based waterproofing materials defined by KS F 3211 (for exposure, tensile strength of 2.3 N / mm2 or more, elongation at break of 450%) Above, 280 N / mm or more), two kinds of urethane rubber-based waterproofing materials (for exposure, tensile strength of 1.9 N / mm2 or more, elongation at break of 300% or more, extension of 120 N / mm or more), acrylic rubber film waterproofing material (Tensile strength of 1.3 N / mm2 or more, elongation at break of 300% or more, tensile strength of 120 N / mm or more), and polyurea resin coating waterproofing material specified in KS F 4922 (tensile strength of 16.0 N / mm2 or more, elongation at break 350 % Or more, tensile strength 900 N / mm Or above) to fill only the inner space of the projections (indication 0), or to fill the space, and to cure it so that the thickness is 2.0 mm (indication 2.0) and 5.0 mm (indication 5.0) from the uneven molded panel, respectively. The sheet was made plain and each test piece was pressed. The pressure gauge was 5.0 Ton · ｆ by pressing the test piece at a speed of 10 mm / min using a 500 ton compressive strength tester equipped with a steel pressure plate (30cm × 30cm). , 10.0 Ton · ｆ, 50.0 Ton · ｆ, 75.0 Ton · ｆ, 100.0 Ton · ｆ, 125.0 Ton · ｆ, 150.0 Ton · ｆ, 175.0 Ton · ,, 200.0 Ton · ｆ Deformation amount (protrusion height deformation amount, mm) of the uneven molded waterproof panel was measured, and the test was carried out by pressing again, and the results are shown in [Table 13].

Comparative Example 1

For comparison with the pressure resistance of the composite waterproof layer between the uneven molded waterproof panel with the projection and the elastic coating waterproofing material, the same type of urethane rubber-based waterproofing material used in Example 1 was manufactured and cured to a thickness of 3 mm, which is a general waterproofing material. Using the resultant (display 3.0) as a test body, the test was carried out in the same manner as in the test method in Example 6, and the results are shown in comparison with Table 13.

[Table 13] Result of pressure resistance test, deformation

In the test results shown in [Table 13], plain was broken while exhibiting a deformation of 4.5 mm at a load of about 4.3 Ton · ,, whereas most of the test specimens were not damaged in the case of the test specimen filled with the elastic coating waterproofing material. The elastic coating film waterproofing material of the comparative example was also large in deformation of about 2.3 mm (residual thickness of about 0.7 mm), but was not damaged even under a load of 200 Ton · ｆ.

In the test results of the type of elastic coating waterproofing material filled with protrusions, the deformation amount greatly increased up to the pressure-bearing load of about 50 Ton · ｆ, and the deformation amount decreased thereafter. After deformation, it is presumed to have been transferred to deformation of the filled elastic coating waterproofing material, and in the amount of deformation, the larger the tensile strength test specimen (polyurea resin type> urethane rubber type 1> urethane rubber type 2 type> acrylic rubber type), the smaller the deformation amount (withstand pressure) In the case of composite use with the uneven-shaped waterproof panel having hollow protrusions used in the present invention, it can be seen that the greater the tensile strength of the coating film, the more advantageous in terms of pressure resistance.

Example 7

In order to check the resistance (fatigue resistance) to the horizontal stretching behavior (in-plane dynamic behavior) of the crack of the composite waterproof layer between the protrusions and the uneven molded waterproof panel with the elastic coating waterproofing material, the thickness is about 10 mm, the width is 100 mm, the length Two concrete forming plates manufactured to have a thickness of 50 mm are placed on top of each other on a test apparatus that is capable of horizontally repeatable operation (total length of 100 cm), and the surface inner diameter of the protrusion used in Example 6 above. A concrete molded plate cut out of 13 pieces with a thickness of 0.5 cm, a height of 5.0 mm, and a height of 2.5 mm between protrusion spaces as a representative test body, and having 13 pieces cut to length and width of 100 cm x 100 cm, respectively. On top of the above, the four kinds of coating film waterproofing materials (urethane rubber type 1, type 2, acrylic rubber and polyurea resin) defined in KS F 3211 used in Example 6 were filled only with the inner space of the protrusion ( 0) or all the spaces are filled and the thickness t is applied from the uneven molded panel so that the thickness t is 2.0 mm (2.0) and 5.0 mm (5.0), respectively. , The thickness of the concrete fabricated to be about 10 mm thick, 100 mm wide, and 100 mm long (approximately 240 kgf / m 2) was placed, and the widths of the butt gaps of the specimen concrete assuming the concrete slab were 0.0 to 0, respectively. The test equipment was electrically operated to reciprocate between 10.0 mm, 0.0-15.0 mm, 0.0-20.0 mm, 0.0-30.0 mm, and 0.0-40.0 mm width, and 2,000 repeated tensile strains at a speed of 2 minutes each. Fatigue) Tests were performed and defects such as breakage of the test body or dropping of the lower point adhesive parts (five protruding parts on each side centered on butt joints) occurred, and the number of repeated tests was recorded. It is shown in [Table 14].

Comparative Example 2

For comparison according to Example 7, a first class of urethane rubber-based waterproofing material of the same type as used in Example 7 was used, with the same size (100 cm x 100 cm) on the butt concrete molding plate according to Example 7, The test was carried out in the same manner as in the test method of Example 7 using the product prepared by coating in mm and cured (indication 3.0), and the results are shown in [Table 14] in comparison.

Table 14 Fatigue Resistance Test Results

According to the test results of [Table 14], in the case of Plain, there was no abnormality in the previous test, which occurs in the butt joint (joint) of the base concrete because the projection end is insulated with the base concrete that is not bonded to the base concrete. This is a natural result because the stretch load is not transferred to the plain (waterproof panel) layer.In the case of the test specimen filled with the elastic coating waterproofing material, most of the test specimens are separated from the end portions of the protrusions and the base concrete without damaging the waterproof layer. In order to prevent fatigue destruction of the waterproofing layer, it was found that insulating the waterproofing base and the waterproofing layer is advantageous in terms of durability.

In addition, most of the test results for each type of elastic coating waterproofing material filled with protrusions withstand the behavior of 0.0-15.0 mm. However, when the crack behavior width becomes larger, the elongation ratio is greater than the tension, that is, the urethane rubber type 2> urethane rubber type 1 > Polyurea resin type> Acryl rubber type in order to show good fatigue resistance, and when used in combination with the unevenly formed waterproof panel having hollow protrusions used in the present invention, a coating film having a higher elongation (strain) than tensile stress We believe the waterproofing material will be more advantageous. However, when comparing acrylic rubber and polyurea resin having the same elongation (over 300%), polyurea resin having excellent tensile stress is more advantageous in terms of fatigue resistance, which is an elastic coating film having the same elongation (strain). The greater the tensile strength of the ash, the more suitable it is for the present invention.

Example 8

Surface of the projection used in Example 6 to check the resistance against the vertical vibration load caused by driving of the vehicle or the walking of a large number of people of the composite waterproof layer consisting of the projections and protrusions waterproof panel and the elastic coating waterproofing material Twelve pieces were cut out to have a size of 30cm × 30cm, with a concave-shaped waterproof panel having an inner diameter of 5 mm, a thickness of 0.5 mm, a protrusion height of 5.0 mm, and a gap of 2.5 mm between protrusion spaces, and restrained at the bottom of the test apparatus. Put on urethane rubber type 1 and 2, acrylic rubber type and polyurea resin coating film waterproofing material used in Example 6 and put it on the concrete molding plate of 30cm × 30cm size. And filled so that the thickness is 2.0 mm (indicated 2.0) and 5.0 mm (indicated 5.0) from the uneven molded waterproof panel, respectively. The steel pressure plate (30 cm x 30 cm) of the test apparatus used was bonded with epoxy adhesive, and the pressure plate was 100.0 Ton · ｆ at a speed of 100 mm / min with a compressive strength tester of 500 tons of maximum load. 1 mm, 2 mm, and 3 mm above the initial height of the specimen (5 mm of protrusion height of the panel + 0-5 mm of thickness of the upper waterproof layer) in the opposite (upper) direction at a rate of 100 mm / min. 50 mm, 4 mm and 5 mm heights were stretched 50 times for each tensile height, and the results were shown in [Table 15].

[Table 15] Resistance test results for vertical vibration

In the test results of [Table 15], it can be seen that in the case of the test specimen filled with the elastic coating film waterproofing material, most of the test specimens had no drop of the point adhesive surface up to a tensile height of 2.0 mm.

In addition, most of the test results for the type of elastic coating waterproofing material filled with protrusions showed no abnormality due to the elastic force of each material up to a tensile height of 2.0 mm. However, at 3.0 mm or more, urethane rubber type 1> urethane rubber type 2> poly Urea resin type> acrylic rubber type, or tensile strength (N / mm, T _p = T _B x (L-20), T _p : tensile strength (N / mm), T _B : tensile strength (N / mm 2), L: It is understood that the response to vertical vibration is good at 280 or more> 280 or more> 900 or more> 120 or more, based on the distance between marks in breaking).

Example 9

In order to check the resistance against shear load caused by the driving of a car or the walking of a large number of people of the composite waterproof layer made of the bumpy and unevenly shaped waterproof panel and the elastic coating waterproofing material,

The test body was sized as a representative test body, as in Example 3, that is, the concave-convex molding panel having a surface inner diameter of 5 mm, a thickness of 0.5 mm, a protrusion height of 5.0 mm, and a gap of 2.5 mm between protrusion spaces was used as a representative test body. 12 pieces are cut out to be 30 cm × 30 cm, and placed on a concrete molding plate having a size of 30 cm × 30 cm, and the urethane rubber type 1 and 2, acrylic rubber type and polyurea resin coating film waterproofing material is formed only in the inner space. Fill (mark 0) or fill all the space and apply curing so that the thickness is 2.0 mm (mark 2.0) and 5.0 mm (mark 5.0), respectively, from the uneven molded panel, and the test used in Example 6 above. The steel pressure plate of the device (30 cm × 30 cm) is bonded with an epoxy adhesive, and the pressure plate is fixed vertically to a tensile tester with a maximum load of 10 tons until it is dropped from the concrete base at a speed of 10 mm / min.Chapter were tested to measure the deformation amount of time, the results are shown in Table 16].

Table 16. Resistance test results for shear load

According to the test results of [Table 16], in the case of the test body filled with the elastic coating waterproofing material, it was found that most of the test specimens had a drop (destructive) deformation of the point adhesive interface of only about 3.0 to 5.0 mm. It was found that it can be applied in the environment where the occurrence is expected.

In addition, as for the test results for each type of elastic coating waterproofing material filled with projections, as shown in Example 9, the greater the tensile strength, the greater the tensile strength, whereas the greater the elongation (strain) for shear deformation, the more favorable the same type. Even if the elastic coating waterproof of the thicker the thickness of the upper waterproof layer of the panel shows a more favorable result. That is, it is understood that the responsiveness to shear load is good in the order of urethane rubber type 1> urethane rubber type 2> polyurea resin type> acrylic rubber type, or 280 or more> 280 or more> 900 or more> 120 or more.

The test results of Examples 6 to 9 are collectively shown in [Table 17].

Table 17

As shown in [Table 17], in the pressure resistance, the coating waterproof material having excellent tensile strength is advantageous, but the horizontal behavior, the vertical vibration behavior and the shear behavior are the properties of both stress and deformation rather than biasing to unilateral properties such as stress or deformation. It can be seen that it depends on the physical quantity, that is, based on the physical quantity that can handle the tensile strength and deformation together, namely the tensile strength (N / mm) as a value that satisfies the above performance 120 N / mm or more, Although it can be in the range of 900 N / mm or less, if the test results of the urethane rubber-based first and second class is a universal value that satisfies most performance, the material cost of the urea resin coating waterproofing material of more than 900N / mm Considering that it is about 2 times or more than the urethane rubber type 1, about 3 times or more than the urethane rubber type 2, and about 1.5 times or more that the acrylic rubber type, Therefore, it can be seen that it is more preferable to use a coating film waterproofing material of 120 N / mm to 600 N / mm in terms of physical properties and economical efficiency.

The present invention is not limited to the above-described specific preferred embodiments, and various modifications can be made by any person having ordinary skill in the art without departing from the gist of the present invention claimed in the claims. Of course, such changes will fall within the scope of the claims.

Claims (13)

1. A flat plate made of sheet or plate,

   It includes a plurality of conical or semi-circular protrusions formed to protrude downward from the plate portion,

   The projection is hollow inside, waterproof waterproof convex-shaped waterproof panel having a hollow projection, characterized in that the hole formed in the lower end.
2. The method according to claim 1;

   The projections are hollow inside, and have holes (D) of 0.1 mm to 3.0 mm at the lower ends, height (h) of 3.0 mm to 20.0 mm, inner diameter (d) of 5.0 mm to 15.0 mm, and gaps between the projections ( L) Waterproof concave-convex waterproof panel with hollow projections, characterized in that the projections are continuously formed while maintaining 1.0 mm to 10.0 mm.
3. The method according to claim 1 or 2;

   The uneven waterproof panel is made of a thermoplastic or a metal material having one selected from an ethyl group, a propyl group, an ester group, a urethane group, and an epoxy group. Waterproofing concave-convex waterproof panel with hollow projections, characterized in that the thickness (t) 0.1mm ~ 2.0㎜.
4. Arrangement step of disposing the uneven molding waterproof panel on the waterproof base of the concrete structure;

   A connection step of interconnecting the uneven molded waterproof panel in the length or width direction by using the protrusion of the uneven molded waterproof panel;

   An upper waterproof layer forming step of forming an upper waterproof layer by coating a waterproof material to have a predetermined height while filling the protrusions of the unevenly shaped waterproof panel;

   Curing step of curing the upper waterproof layer to form a composite waterproof layer integrated with the uneven molding panel;

   The uneven waterproof panel includes a flat plate made of a sheet or a plate, and a plurality of conical or semi-circular protrusions protruding downward from the flat plate and being empty, and having holes formed at lower ends thereof. Waterproofing method using uneven molding waterproof panel.
5. The method according to claim 4;

   Using the concave-convex waterproof panel on the waterproof surface of the concrete structure, adding urethane or rubber asphalt mastic having a viscous behavior and a water-absorbing swelling reactive coating waterproofing material before the concave-convex waterproof panel is disposed. Waterproof method.
6. The method according to claim 4;

   The upper waterproof layer is a weight ratio of cement and silica sand or sand mixed with a liquid polymer selected from one of acrylic, EVA, SBS, SBR, and epoxy with a polymer / cement ratio of 0.5 to 10% by weight. Waterproofing method using a concave-convex waterproof panel, characterized in that the polymer mixed cement mortar-based waterproof material made by mixing.
7. The method according to claim 4;

   The upper waterproof layer is an elastic coating waterproofing material selected from a synthetic rubber coating waterproofing material having an extended length of 120N / mm to 600N / mm, a coating waterproofing material of synthetic resin, a coating waterproofing material of asphalt series, and a coating waterproofing material mixed with water-soluble polymer and inorganic powder. Waterproofing method using the uneven molded waterproof panel, characterized in that.
8. The method according to claim 4;

   The upper waterproof layer is formed by an elastic coating waterproof material filled into the projections of the concave-convex waterproof panel, and another elastic coating waterproofing material applied over the flat portion of the concave-convex waterproof panel,

   The elastic coating waterproofing material filled into the projections has a higher stress than another elastic coating waterproofing material applied to the flat plate portion, and the other elastic coating waterproofing material applied to the flat plate portion has a higher elongation than the elastic coating waterproofing material filled into the protrusions. Waterproof material,

   The elastic coating waterproofing material filled into the projections has a higher elongation than another elastic coating waterproofing material applied to the flat plate portion, and the other elastic coating waterproofing material applied to the flat plate portion has a higher stress than the elastic coating waterproofing material filled into the protrusions. Waterproofing method using the uneven molded waterproof panel, characterized in that the waterproof material.
9. The method according to claim 4;

   In the connecting step, the overlap width (W) is about 30.0 mm to 100.0 mm in the length or the left and right width directions of the uneven molded waterproof panel, and fits into the protrusions of the uneven molded waterproof panel to fit into the projections of the adjacent uneven molded waterproof panel. A waterproofing method using an uneven molded waterproof panel, wherein the uneven molded waterproof panel is connected to each other by inserting, inserting, and then blowing and blowing hot air, or by applying adhesive to each other before fitting the protrusions of adjacent uneven molded waterproof panels.
10. The method according to claim 4;

    The composite waterproof layer is provided with a degassing apparatus capable of degassing to solve the vaporized expansion pressure of the moisture contained in the waterproof base surface, or to bend the uneven shaped waterproof panel to a predetermined radius of curvature to eliminate from the vertical wall surface, Waterproof method using the uneven-shaped waterproof panel, characterized in that the fixing the upper end
11. The method according to claim 4;

    Waterproofing method using a concave-convex waterproof panel characterized in that it further comprises the step of installing a heat insulating material on the composite waterproof layer.
12. The method according to claim 4;

    Waterproofing method using the concave-convex waterproof panel, characterized in that it further comprises the step of installing a protective pressed concrete on the composite waterproof layer.
13. The method according to claim 4;

    Waterproofing method using the concave-convex waterproof panel, characterized in that it further comprises the step of applying the elastic coating waterproofing material or sheet waterproofing material on the composite waterproof layer.

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