WO2013072124A1 - Fil d'acier destiné à l'absorption de champs magnétiques - Google Patents

Fil d'acier destiné à l'absorption de champs magnétiques Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2013072124A1
WO2013072124A1 PCT/EP2012/069432 EP2012069432W WO2013072124A1 WO 2013072124 A1 WO2013072124 A1 WO 2013072124A1 EP 2012069432 W EP2012069432 W EP 2012069432W WO 2013072124 A1 WO2013072124 A1 WO 2013072124A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
weight
wire
steel wire
maximum
content
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2012/069432
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Anneke Segers
Flip Verhoeven
Petra Backx
Original Assignee
Nv Bekaert Sa
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Nv Bekaert Sa filed Critical Nv Bekaert Sa
Publication of WO2013072124A1 publication Critical patent/WO2013072124A1/fr

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
    • C21D8/06—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of rods or wires
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
    • C21D8/06—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of rods or wires
    • C21D8/065—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of rods or wires of ferrous alloys
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
    • C21D8/12—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of articles with special electromagnetic properties
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
    • C21D8/12—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of articles with special electromagnetic properties
    • C21D8/1277—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of articles with special electromagnetic properties involving a particular surface treatment
    • C21D8/1283—Application of a separating or insulating coating
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F1/00—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties
    • H01F1/01—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials
    • H01F1/03—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity
    • H01F1/12—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of soft-magnetic materials
    • H01F1/14—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of soft-magnetic materials metals or alloys
    • H01F1/143—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of soft-magnetic materials metals or alloys in the form of wires
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02G—INSTALLATION OF ELECTRIC CABLES OR LINES, OR OF COMBINED OPTICAL AND ELECTRIC CABLES OR LINES
    • H02G9/00—Installations of electric cables or lines in or on the ground or water
    • H02G9/06—Installations of electric cables or lines in or on the ground or water in underground tubes or conduits; Tubes or conduits therefor
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02G—INSTALLATION OF ELECTRIC CABLES OR LINES, OR OF COMBINED OPTICAL AND ELECTRIC CABLES OR LINES
    • H02G3/00—Installations of electric cables or lines or protective tubing therefor in or on buildings, equivalent structures or vehicles
    • H02G3/02—Details
    • H02G3/04—Protective tubing or conduits, e.g. cable ladders or cable troughs
    • H02G3/0462—Tubings, i.e. having a closed section
    • H02G3/0481—Tubings, i.e. having a closed section with a circular cross-section

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the use of a steel wire for protection against
  • magnetic fields by absorbing magnetic fields originating from power cables, such as underground power cables, electrical appliances, or transformer housings, or for shielding information carriers from external, interfering magnetic fields.
  • power cables such as underground power cables, electrical appliances, or transformer housings
  • Electromagnetic fields are present wherever there is electricity.
  • the amount of electric power transmitted in an underground cable at any given time is determined by its voltage and current. While electric fields are determined by the voltage, magnetic fields are determined by the current. High current cables induce high magnetic fields. The fields are strongest close to the cables and rapidly reduce further away from them.
  • an electrical power transmission line comprising a plurality of shielding elements made of ferromagnetic material arranged side by side as a base, comprising bottom and side walls, and a cover wherein the cabling is provided.
  • US 7,365,269 describes a similar base and covering.
  • EP-A2-2 246 948 describes a shielding element for a cable in the form of a hollow cylinder.
  • EP-A2-2 280 462 describes an arrangement with conductors surrounded by a shielding casing designed in a tube or box- shape and divided into individual elements in a longitudinal direction.
  • Shielding foils made from high-permeable material are arranged between the cable wires and the casing, and have gaps, such that the cable wires are surrounded by the casing only in a surface area of 70 to 95
  • a layer of electrically conductive material is attached to the shielding foils.
  • electromagnetic radiation especially to strong low-frequency ( ⁇ 3kHz) radiation.
  • a steel wire for magnetic shielding of for example a power cable such as an underground power cable, of welding equipment, of an electrical appliance or a transformer housing.
  • the steel wire comprises the following steel composition:
  • a carbon content ranging from 0.0 weight % up to 0.10 weight %, e.g. from 0.0 weight % to 0.08 weight %, e.g. from 0.005 weight to 0.06 weight
  • a silicon content ranging from 0.0 weight % up to 8.0 weight %, e.g. from 0.0 weight % up to 5.0 weight %; e.g. 1.5 weight % to 6.0 weight %, e.g. 2.0 weight % to 3.5 weight %;
  • the silicon content refers to the average bulk silicon content. Techniques are available to increase the silicon content close to the wire surface. The percentage mentioned here, however, refers to the average.
  • possibly a high silicon content has the advantage of providing the required strength, an enhanced degree of flexibility in design and low magnetic loss.
  • the steel wire is used to shield a power cable, e.g. an underground power cable, a power cable for welding equipment or a power cable for an induction heater.
  • the steel wire is wound around at least part of the power cable.
  • the steel wire is round and has a diameter ranging between 0.10 mm and 6.0 mm, e.g. between 1.0 mm and 6.0 mm, e.g. between 1.0 mm and 3.0 mm.
  • the steel wire may be flattened, rectangular or square with a thickness varying between 0.10 mm and 6.0 mm and a width being equal or greater than the thickness.
  • the wire may be wound around the power cable to provide a compact winding, i.e. where one winding is in contact with an adjacent wire winding. This may be done by winding a single wire with a winding pitch which is substantially equal to the wire diameter. This is offering the highest level of shielding for three reasons. First of all the magnetic flux path formed by the thus wound wire is closed offering little space for magnetic flux lines to escape. Secondly, due to the small pitch the steel windings are more or less lying in the plane of the magnetic flux lines. Thirdly, this compact winding is offering a maximum of material mass per unit of length.
  • the steel wire may be wound in one or more layers.
  • More than one wire may be wound around the cable.
  • one or more steel wires is or are braided in a flexible tape or tube around the cable.
  • This flexible tape can be folded or wound around cables that carry large currents.
  • a preferred steel wire according to the invention is an iron-silicon (FeSi) wire.
  • the silicon content ranges from 1.5 weight % to 6.0 weight %, e.g. from 1.5 weight % to 5.0 weight %, e.g. from 2.0 weight % to 4.0 weight %.
  • the steel wire of the present invention combines low magnetic losses with a high strength and better (design) flexibility.
  • the wire may have similar or better magnetic properties than electrical sheet.
  • the steel wire may be subjected to a shearing treatment, such as disclosed in WO-A-201 1/1 10450. This shearing treatment further reduces the magnetic losses.
  • An invention steel wire wound around a power cable has a shielding factor higher than 10, preferably higher than 15, more preferably higher than 20, still more preferably higher than 30.
  • the shielding factor SF is defined as the ratio of the strength of the magnetic field without shielding over the strength of the magnetic field with shielding.
  • the steel wire has a relative magnetic permeability ⁇ ⁇ which is 3 to 30
  • an underground power cable is buried at less than 2 m, e.g. less than 1.5 m, e.g. less than 1 m under the ground level.
  • a power cable may also be used on ground level.
  • the power cable may be a high power cable of more than 100 A.
  • the power cable may be a low frequency cable operating with a base
  • the steel wire may be used particularly for shielding tri-phase cables, but its use for mono-phase cables is not excluded.
  • the wire of the invention may have an insulating coating such as an iron oxide or a ceramic coating.
  • the wire of the present invention is provided with a corrosion protection such as a polymer coating or a zinc or zinc alloy coating.
  • a polymer coating can be provided by means of an extrusion technique.
  • a zinc or zinc alloy coating can be provided by means of electroplating or by means of a hot dip bath or by a combination of both.
  • the wire is preferably coated with a zinc aluminum coating since this provides a high resistance against corrosion.
  • the zinc aluminum coating has an aluminum content ranging from 2 % by weight to 12 % by weight, e.g. ranging from 3 % by weight to 1 1 % by weight, with a preferable composition around the eutectoid position: Al about 5 per cent.
  • the zinc alloy coating further may have a wetting agent such as lanthanum or cerium in an amount less than 0.1 % of the zinc alloy. The remainder of the coating is zinc and unavoidable impurities. Coating compositions with about 10% aluminum are also common.
  • the cable may be wrapped beforehand, so that no extra casings are
  • Figure 1 is a cross-section of an underground cable with a magnetic
  • Figure 2 is a graph representation of the magnetic field induced by an underground cable at ground level
  • Figure 3 shows an underground power cable wound with a steel wire
  • Figure 4 shows three embodiments of a wound power cable having
  • Figure 5 represents a graph of the shielding factor in relation to a varying winding density.
  • Figure 1 is a cross-section of a tri-phase cable 10.
  • conductors 12 of copper or aluminium are each surrounded by an electrical polyethylene based insulation 14.
  • Low-ohmic conductors, e.g. of copper or aluminium, 16 are wound or wrapped around the cable. These conductors 16 form the electrical shielding and are designed for conducting the compensation currents.
  • the cross-section is relatively small in comparison with the cross-section of the electrical conductors 12.
  • the cross-section of the electrical shielding 16 is about equal to the cross- section of the electrical conductors 12.
  • An organic layer 18 is provided around the electrical shielding 16. This organic layer 18 may be
  • FIG. 1 is a graph 20 of the magnetic field B expressed in micro-Tesla ( ⁇ ) induced by an underground cable.
  • the abscissa is the distance d in meter.
  • the magnetic induction B is inversely proportional to the square of the distance to the centre of the underground cable. This is typical for the magnetic field induced by a tri-phase cable.
  • Figure 3 illustrates a set-up 30 for test purposes of an underground power cable 32 provided with a steel wire 33 according to the invention.
  • the distance between the level of the underground power cable 32 and the ground level 34 is one meter.
  • the relative magnetic permeability ⁇ ⁇ of the FeSi wire 33 is 1500 for
  • the cable 32 has a typical diameter of 51 mm and a three phase current of
  • this diameter may range from 30 mm to 160 mm.
  • the three phase conductors are wound with an FeSi shielding wire 33.
  • the thickness of the shielding has been varied from 1 mm up to 6 mm.
  • a maximum density winding whereby each winding perfectly connects to the next winding, was applied.
  • Table 1 represents the simulated shielding factor (SF) for a specific wire thickness.
  • the shielding factor is the ratio of magnetic induction with and without shielding.
  • Table 2 represents a comparison with classical types of shielding such as steel (different from iron-silicon) and aluminium (for a wire thickness of 2 mm as example).
  • the FeSi wire is wound most favourably in highest density whereby all adjacent windings contact perfectly each other and without air gap in-between the windings.
  • Figure 5 represents the results 50 of the shielding factor SF (ordinate) in relation to the varying winding density (abscissa).
  • the shielding factor is 1 at a winding density of 0. This corresponds to the absence of any shielding.
  • the shielding factor then increases more or less linearly with an increased winding density. At 200 to 250 windings per meter, a shielding factor of about 15 to 20 is feasible.
  • a winding density of 250 corresponds to an optimal shielding where no air gaps are left in between the windings.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • Insulated Conductors (AREA)
  • Soft Magnetic Materials (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un fil (19) d'acier utilisé pour la protection contre des champs magnétiques par absorption des champs magnétiques provenant de câbles (10) électriques, d'équipement de soudage, d'appareils électriques, d'émetteurs d'informations ou de boîtiers de transformateurs ou pour la protection de supports d'informations de champs magnétiques externes d'interférence. Le fil (19) d'acier comprend la composition d'acier suivante : - une teneur maximale en carbone de 0,10 % en poids, par exemple 0,08 % en poids, par exemple 0,06 % en poids ; - une teneur en silicium dans la plage de 0,0 % en poids jusqu'à 8,0 % en poids, par exemple de 0,0 % en poids jusqu'à 5,0 % en poids, par exemple de 1,5 % en poids à 6,0 % en poids ; - une teneur maximale en manganèse de 3,0 % en poids, par exemple 2,5 % en poids, par exemple 1,5 % en poids ; - une teneur maximale en aluminium de 2,0 % en poids, par exemple 0,5 % en poids ; - une teneur maximale en cuivre de 2,0 % en poids, par exemple 0,5 % en poids ; - une teneur maximale en chrome de 5,0 % en poids, par exemple 1,0 % en poids ; - une teneur maximale en nickel de 5,0 % en poids, par exemple 1,0 % en poids ; - une teneur maximale en niobium de 0,2 % en poids, par exemple 0,1 % en poids ; des teneurs maximales en soufre, phosphore, oxygène et azote de 0,0230 % en poids, par exemple 0,010 % en poids (maximum individuel, non cumulé) ; - le reste étant du fer. Le fil d'acier combine les avantages de pertes faibles, de haute solidité et de haut degré de souplesse de conception.
PCT/EP2012/069432 2011-11-14 2012-10-02 Fil d'acier destiné à l'absorption de champs magnétiques WO2013072124A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP11189000 2011-11-14
EP11189000.0 2011-11-14

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2013072124A1 true WO2013072124A1 (fr) 2013-05-23

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2016192227A1 (fr) * 2015-06-02 2016-12-08 苏州晓锋知识产权运营管理有限公司 Câble de protection contre les ondes électromagnétiques et procédé de préparation d'un alliage de cuivre et de fer de câble
EP3115997A4 (fr) * 2014-03-06 2017-10-18 Sumitomo Electric Industries, Ltd. Ligne de câble supraconducteur et pipeline calorifugé
CN107332163A (zh) * 2017-07-12 2017-11-07 国网山东省电力公司临沂供电公司 一种输电线路紧线辅助工具

Citations (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0431167A1 (fr) * 1989-06-17 1991-06-12 Nkk Corporation Methode pour produire un materiau doux en acier magnetique
JP2000045051A (ja) * 1998-05-25 2000-02-15 Kawasaki Steel Corp 鉄損特性および加工性に優れる電磁鋼線
US20010048983A1 (en) * 1996-08-26 2001-12-06 Shigeyoshi Yoshida Composite magnetic tube and method of producing the same, and electromagnetic interference suppressing tube
EP1191546A1 (fr) * 2000-09-25 2002-03-27 NKT Power Cables A/S Câble d' énergie à haute tension
US20020129873A1 (en) * 2000-07-12 2002-09-19 Ugine-Savoie Imphy Ferritic stainless steel which can be used for ferromagnetic parts
US20050036276A1 (en) * 2003-07-02 2005-02-17 Michael Lindner Protective device for oblong bodies
EP1783786A2 (fr) * 2005-11-04 2007-05-09 nkt cables GmbH Système de câble avec un écran magnétique
US7365269B2 (en) 2002-10-09 2008-04-29 Prysmian Cavi E Sistemi Energia S.R.L. Method of screening the magnetic field generated by an electrical power transmission line and electrical power transmission line so screened
US7622669B2 (en) 2003-07-30 2009-11-24 Prysmian Cavi E Sistemi Energia S.R.L. Method for shielding the magnetic field generated by an electrical power transmission line and electrical power transmission line so shielded
EP2246948A2 (fr) 2009-05-02 2010-11-03 nkt cables GmbH Agencement de compensation de champ magnétique dans des câbles à courant fort
EP2280462A2 (fr) 2009-07-28 2011-02-02 nkt cables GmbH Ecran composite ferromagnétique hautement efficace et à faible usure
WO2011110450A1 (fr) 2010-03-08 2011-09-15 Nv Bekaert Sa Fil d'acier cisaillé conçu pour un trajet de flux magnétique

Patent Citations (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0431167A1 (fr) * 1989-06-17 1991-06-12 Nkk Corporation Methode pour produire un materiau doux en acier magnetique
US20010048983A1 (en) * 1996-08-26 2001-12-06 Shigeyoshi Yoshida Composite magnetic tube and method of producing the same, and electromagnetic interference suppressing tube
JP2000045051A (ja) * 1998-05-25 2000-02-15 Kawasaki Steel Corp 鉄損特性および加工性に優れる電磁鋼線
US20020129873A1 (en) * 2000-07-12 2002-09-19 Ugine-Savoie Imphy Ferritic stainless steel which can be used for ferromagnetic parts
EP1191546A1 (fr) * 2000-09-25 2002-03-27 NKT Power Cables A/S Câble d' énergie à haute tension
US7365269B2 (en) 2002-10-09 2008-04-29 Prysmian Cavi E Sistemi Energia S.R.L. Method of screening the magnetic field generated by an electrical power transmission line and electrical power transmission line so screened
US20050036276A1 (en) * 2003-07-02 2005-02-17 Michael Lindner Protective device for oblong bodies
US7622669B2 (en) 2003-07-30 2009-11-24 Prysmian Cavi E Sistemi Energia S.R.L. Method for shielding the magnetic field generated by an electrical power transmission line and electrical power transmission line so shielded
EP1783786A2 (fr) * 2005-11-04 2007-05-09 nkt cables GmbH Système de câble avec un écran magnétique
EP2246948A2 (fr) 2009-05-02 2010-11-03 nkt cables GmbH Agencement de compensation de champ magnétique dans des câbles à courant fort
EP2280462A2 (fr) 2009-07-28 2011-02-02 nkt cables GmbH Ecran composite ferromagnétique hautement efficace et à faible usure
WO2011110450A1 (fr) 2010-03-08 2011-09-15 Nv Bekaert Sa Fil d'acier cisaillé conçu pour un trajet de flux magnétique

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP3115997A4 (fr) * 2014-03-06 2017-10-18 Sumitomo Electric Industries, Ltd. Ligne de câble supraconducteur et pipeline calorifugé
WO2016192227A1 (fr) * 2015-06-02 2016-12-08 苏州晓锋知识产权运营管理有限公司 Câble de protection contre les ondes électromagnétiques et procédé de préparation d'un alliage de cuivre et de fer de câble
CN107332163A (zh) * 2017-07-12 2017-11-07 国网山东省电力公司临沂供电公司 一种输电线路紧线辅助工具

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