WO2013069314A1 - 攪拌装置付き連続鋳造用鋳型装置 - Google Patents
攪拌装置付き連続鋳造用鋳型装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2013069314A1 WO2013069314A1 PCT/JP2012/052412 JP2012052412W WO2013069314A1 WO 2013069314 A1 WO2013069314 A1 WO 2013069314A1 JP 2012052412 W JP2012052412 W JP 2012052412W WO 2013069314 A1 WO2013069314 A1 WO 2013069314A1
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- molten metal
- field generator
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
- B22D11/10—Supplying or treating molten metal
- B22D11/11—Treating the molten metal
- B22D11/114—Treating the molten metal by using agitating or vibrating means
- B22D11/115—Treating the molten metal by using agitating or vibrating means by using magnetic fields
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
- B22D11/001—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths of specific alloys
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
- B22D11/001—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths of specific alloys
- B22D11/003—Aluminium alloys
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
- B22D11/001—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths of specific alloys
- B22D11/004—Copper alloys
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
- B22D11/04—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths into open-ended moulds
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
- B22D11/04—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths into open-ended moulds
- B22D11/041—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths into open-ended moulds for vertical casting
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
- B22D11/04—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths into open-ended moulds
- B22D11/055—Cooling the moulds
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
- B22D11/10—Supplying or treating molten metal
- B22D11/11—Treating the molten metal
- B22D11/112—Treating the molten metal by accelerated cooling
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D27/00—Treating the metal in the mould while it is molten or ductile ; Pressure or vacuum casting
- B22D27/02—Use of electric or magnetic effects
Definitions
- the present invention provides continuous casting for producing billets or slabs of non-ferrous metals or other metals of conductors (conductors) such as Al, Cu, Zn or at least two of these alloys, or Mg alloys.
- the present invention relates to a mold apparatus for continuous casting with a stirring device in equipment.
- a molten metal stirring method as described below has been adopted. That is, in order to improve the quality of slabs or billets, that is, when the melt passes through the mold, a moving magnetic field is applied to the melt inside the mold by an electromagnetic coil from the outside of the mold. In addition, the molten metal immediately before solidification is agitated. The main purpose of this stirring is to degas and homogenize the structure.
- the electromagnetic coil is disposed close to the high-temperature molten metal, not only the cooling of the electromagnetic coil and complicated maintenance are necessary, but of course, large power consumption is required. It is inevitable that the coils themselves generate heat, and these heats must also be cooled, resulting in various problems such that the device itself must be expensive.
- the present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and its object is to provide a continuous casting mold apparatus with a stirrer that suppresses the amount of heat generation, is easy to maintain, is inexpensive and practically usable. There is.
- a casting apparatus for continuous casting with a stirrer that receives a supply of a molten metal in a liquid phase state of a conductive material and is capable of taking out a cast product in a solid phase by cooling the molten metal,
- a casting space having an inlet and an outlet on the center side of the substantially cylindrical side wall; and a magnetic field generator housing chamber formed inside the side wall and positioned outside the casting space.
- An agitation device provided corresponding to the mold, wherein at least an electrode portion having a first electrode and a second electrode capable of flowing a current in the molten metal in a liquid phase state in the casting space;
- a magnetic field generator having a permanent magnet for applying a magnetic field to the molten metal in a phase state, and the magnetic field generator is housed in the magnetic field generator housing chamber of the mold and is laterally directed toward the center direction.
- a stirrer configured to generate magnetic field lines, pass the magnetic field lines through a part of the side wall of the mold to reach the casting space, and provide the molten metal with lateral magnetic field lines intersecting the current; , It is comprised as comprising.
- a non-ferrous metal melt M is poured out from a molten metal receiving box called a tundish into a lower mold after a fixed amount of hot water. Cooling water for cooling the mold is circulated in the mold. Thereby, the hot molten metal starts to solidify from the outer peripheral side (mold side) from the moment of contact with the mold. Since the molten metal located at the center of the mold is separated from the mold wall being cooled, solidification is naturally delayed from the molten metal at the outer peripheral portion. Therefore, in the mold, the molten metal exists simultaneously in a state where the liquid (liquid phase) molten metal and the solid (solid phase) cast are in contact via the interface.
- the present invention intends to provide a casting apparatus for continuous casting with a permanent magnet stirring device that does not use the electromagnetic stirring device powered by electricity.
- the embodiment of the present invention is as follows.
- FIG. 1A shows an overall configuration diagram of an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 (a) is an explanatory plan view taken along line II (a) -II (a) in FIG. 1 (a), mainly showing a part of the mold 2 and the stirring device 3, and
- FIG. a) shows a plan view of the magnetic field generator 31 in the stirring device 3.
- the apparatus is roughly divided into conductors (conductors) such as Al, Cu, Zn, at least two alloys thereof, or Mg alloys. It has a molten metal supply device 1 that supplies a molten metal M of non-ferrous metal or other metal, a mold 2 that receives the molten metal from the molten metal supply device 1, and a stirring device 3 that agitates the molten metal M in the mold 2.
- the center side of the mold 2 is a so-called casting space 2A (1) provided with an inlet 2A (1) 1 and an outlet 2A (1) 2.
- the molten metal supply device 1 includes a tundish (a molten metal receiving box) 1A that receives the molten metal M from a ladle (not shown) or the like.
- the molten metal M is stored in the tundish (molten metal receiving box) 1A, the inclusions are removed, and the molten metal M is supplied from the lower opening 1B to the mold 2 at a constant supply speed.
- FIG. 1 only the tundish (melt receiving box) 1A is shown.
- the mold 2 is configured to take out a cylindrical product P (billet).
- template 2 is comprised roughly as a cylindrical structure (a cross section is ring shape) of a double structure.
- the inner mold 21 made of non-conductive material (non-conductive refractory material) such as inner graphite (carbon) and the outer conductive material (conductive refractory material) such as aluminum or copper.
- the external mold 22 is provided in a fitted state.
- a magnetic field generator 31 is incorporated in the housed state inside the side wall of the external mold 22.
- the technical idea is the same even when a prismatic product (slab) is taken out, and the technical idea of the embodiment described below can be applied as it is. Simply, the shape of the part corresponding to the square slab that is the product is changed.
- the mold 2 includes a water jacket 23 on the outside of the external mold 22.
- the water jacket 23 is for cooling the molten metal M flowing into the internal mold 21. That is, cooling water is introduced into the water jacket 23 from an inflow port (not shown), the cooling water is circulated in the water jacket 23, the outside of the external mold 22 is cooled by this cooling water, and is cooled from an outflow port (not shown). Drain the water. Due to the water jacket 23, the molten metal M is rapidly cooled.
- the water jacket 23 those having various known structures can be adopted, and therefore detailed description thereof is omitted here.
- the mold 2 configured in this manner is provided with a plurality of electrode insertion holes 2a, 2a,... Through which electrodes 32A described later are inserted and removed at predetermined intervals on the circumference.
- the electrode insertion hole 2 a is configured to have a downward slope toward the center side of the mold 2. For this reason, even if the molten metal M is contained in the mold 2, there is no possibility that the molten metal M leaks to the outside if the surface of the molten metal M is lower than the upper end opening of the electrode insertion hole 2a.
- the stirring device 3 is provided in a built-in state with respect to the side wall of the mold 2.
- the stirring device 3 includes a permanent magnet type magnetic field generator 31 and a pair of upper electrodes (positive electrodes) 32A and lower electrodes (negative electrodes) 32B.
- the magnetic field generator 31 is configured in a ring shape (frame shape), as can be seen particularly from FIG. It is also possible to magnetize the entire circumference on the inner circumference side to the N pole and magnetize the entire circumference on the outer circumference side to the S pole. Further, the inner peripheral side and the outer peripheral side can be partially magnetized, for example, as shown in FIG.
- the magnetic field generator 31 does not necessarily have a ring shape, but is divided, for example, as shown in FIG. It can also comprise a magnet piece (FIG. 4). As described briefly above, this magnetic field generator 31 is incorporated in the external mold 22 as can be seen particularly from FIG.
- the external mold 22 is provided with a magnetic field generator housing chamber 22a having a ring-shaped cross section on the side wall and having a release port on the lower side.
- This magnetic field generator storage chamber 22a can also be seen from FIG. FIG. 2B shows the external mold 22 as viewed from below.
- the lower cross section is released to the ring-shaped magnetic field generator housing chamber 22a, and the same cross-section ring-shaped magnetic field generator 31 is moved from the lower position to the upper and lower positions. It is stored in an adjustable manner. That is, the magnetic field generator 31 is provided such that the height can be adjusted in the magnetic field generator storage chamber 22a by a desired means (not shown).
- the opening below the magnetic field generator housing chamber 22a is closed by a ring-shaped lid 22B.
- the lid 22B can be configured to have a water discharge channel 22B (1) for draining the cooling water to the outside, as a lid 22B in FIG. 8A described later.
- the four portions of the magnetic field generator 31 are magnetized to form magnetic pole pairs 31a, 31a,... As shown in FIG. That is, regarding each of the magnetic pole pairs 31a and 31a, the inner magnetic pole of the ring is magnetized to the N pole and the outer magnetic pole is magnetized to the S pole.
- the molten metal M is passed horizontally. This and the magnetization may be reversed. That is, all the inside may be magnetized to a certain pole and all the outside may be magnetized to a different pole.
- One of the further features of the present invention is that a plurality of magnetic poles are arranged at a plurality of positions surrounding the molten metal M before solidifying, as can be seen from FIG.
- the molten metal M can be uniformly stirred by the electromagnetic force of Fleming's law caused by the lines of magnetic force and current, and the quality of the product P can be improved. Therefore, although the number of magnetic poles is four in FIG. 3A, this number is not particular and any number may be used.
- the magnetic field generator 31 does not have to be configured as a single ring-shaped unit, and can be formed into an arbitrary number of a plurality of magnet bodies (magnet pieces) as shown in FIG. It may be divided.
- an electric current flows between the pair of electrodes 32A and 32B through a molten metal M and a cast product (product) P.
- the number of electrodes 32A may be one, but may be plural, and in this embodiment, two.
- the electrode 32A has a probe shape. Each electrode 32A is inserted into the probe insertion hole 2a described above. That is, the electrode 32A penetrates the mold 2 (inner mold 21 and outer mold 22) from the water jacket 23, and the inner end is exposed in the inner mold 21 so as to be in contact with the molten metal M inside. The outer end is exposed to the outside of the water jacket 23. The outer end is connected to a power supply device 34 that can flow a variable DC current.
- the power supply device 34 may have an AC power supply function, and may have a frequency conversion function.
- the electrode 32A supports the upper end of the mold 2 above the upper opening of the mold 2 so that the inner end thereof is inserted into the melt M from the surface of the melt M flowing into the mold 2 without penetrating the side wall of the mold 2. You can also.
- the electrode 32A can also be electrically connected to an internal mold 21 such as graphite.
- the electrode 32A may be used in any number, and an arbitrary number of electrodes 32A may be inserted into any of the electrode insertion holes 2a, 2a,.
- the lower electrode 32B is provided in a fixed position.
- the electrode 32B is configured as a roller type. That is, a rotatable roller 32Ba is provided at the tip.
- the roller 32Ba is in pressure contact with the outer surface of a cylindrical product P as a cast product (billet or slab) extruded in a solid phase, and is rotated as the product P extends downward. That is, when the product P is pushed downward, the product P extends downward in FIG. 1 while rotating the roller 32Ba while maintaining contact with the roller 32Ba.
- the power supply device 34 is configured to be able to control the amount of current flowing between the pair of electrodes 32A and 32B. Thereby, the electric current which can stir the liquid phase state molten metal M most efficiently by the relationship with the said magnetic force line ML can be selected.
- the molten metal M that has been metered out from the tundish (molten receiving box) 1A enters the upper part of the mold 2.
- the mold 2 is cooled by the circulation of water in the water jacket 23, and the molten metal M in the mold 2 is rapidly cooled and solidified.
- the molten metal M in the mold 2 has a two-phase structure in which the upper part is a liquid (liquid phase) and the lower part is a solid (solid phase) and is in contact with the interface IT0.
- the molten metal M is molded into a shape (cylindrical in this embodiment) that matches the shape of the mold simultaneously with the passage of the mold 2, and is continuously made into a product P as a slab or billet.
- a permanent magnet type magnetic field generator 31 is accommodated inside the side wall of the mold 2, and the magnetic field (lines of magnetic force ML) is laterally directed in the mold 2.
- the molten metal M has been reached.
- the current flows from the molten metal (liquid phase) M such as aluminum to the product (solid phase) from the upper electrode 32A to the lower electrode 32B. It flows through P.
- the current crosses the magnetic field lines ML from the permanent magnet type magnetic field generator 31 at a substantially right angle, and the molten metal M in the liquid phase is rotated according to Fleming's left-hand rule. In this way, the molten metal M is agitated, impurities, gas, etc. contained in the molten metal M rise, so-called degassing is actively performed, and the quality of the product (slab, billet) P can be improved.
- the solidification rate of the molten metal M changes, and the interface IT0 between the molten metal (liquid phase) M and the product (solid phase) P rises and falls accordingly. That is, when the cooling capacity is increased, the interface IT0 rises like the interface IT1 as shown in FIG. When the cooling capacity is weakened, the interface IT0 is lowered like the interface IT2 as shown in FIG.
- the molten metal M can be reliably and efficiently stirred to obtain the product P as a high quality product. Therefore, according to the height of these interfaces IT1 and IT2, the height of the magnetic field generator 31 can be adjusted up and down as shown in FIGS. It is said. Thereby, as mentioned above, the molten metal M can be stirred efficiently.
- the double structure of the mold 2 may be made of a conductive material on the inside and a non-conductive material on the outside.
- at least the electrode 32A may be in electrical contact with the inner conductive material.
- the magnetic field generator housing chamber 22a may be provided on the outer member.
- the template 2 can be a single structure without a double structure.
- the mold 2 may be manufactured using only a conductive material, and the electrode 32A may be electrically connected to the mold 2.
- the structure of the other electrode 32B may be the same as described above.
- the mold 2 can be made of only a non-conductive material.
- the electrode 32A needs to be electrically connected to the molten metal M in the mold 2 by passing the electrode 32A through the mold 2 or the like.
- the magnetic field generator housing chamber 22a may be provided in a single structure member.
- the magnetic field generator 31A of FIG. 3B instead of the magnetic field generator 31 of FIG. 3A, the magnetic field generator 31A of FIG.
- the magnetic field generator 31A shown in FIG. 3B has a magnetization direction opposite to that of the magnetic field generator 31 shown in FIG. Both are functionally equivalent.
- the magnetic field generators 31-2 and 31A-2 shown in FIGS. 4 (a) and 4 (b) may be used in place of the magnetic field generators 31 and 31A shown in FIGS. 3 (a) and 3 (b). it can.
- the magnetic field generators 31-2 and 31A-2 shown in FIGS. 4 (a) and 4 (b) are configured by fixing a plurality of rod-shaped permanent magnets PM inside a ring-shaped support body (yoke) SP. Is done. These are functionally equivalent.
- the lower electrode 32B has the roller 32Ba at the tip, but the roller 32Ba is not necessarily provided. Even if the product P is continuously extruded, it is sufficient that the product P and the electrode 32B are kept in an electrically conductive state, and various structures can be employed. For example, an elastic material having a predetermined length is used as the electrode 32B. In FIG. 1, for example, the electrode 32B is bent so as to be convex upward or convex downward, and the tip is made to the casting P by a restoring force. The casting P may be allowed to extend downward in this state.
- the molten metal M immediately before solidification is agitated, and the molten metal M is moved and subjected to vibration or the like to achieve a degassing effect, a uniform structure, and miniaturization.
- the magnetic field generator 31 can be adjusted up and down, the molten metal M can be reliably agitated to obtain a high-quality product P.
- the magnetic field generator 31 is arranged with a plurality of magnetic poles at positions surrounding the molten metal M or a ring-shaped magnet surrounding the molten metal M.
- the molten metal M can be evenly stirred with high efficiency by electromagnetic force in accordance with Fleming's law by electric current, and the product P can be obtained as a high quality product. That is, in the embodiment of the present invention, the molten metal M can be efficiently stirred by making the best use of the electromagnetic force according to the Fleming's law.
- the axis of rotation of the molten metal M accompanying the stirring is an axis along the central axis of the product P in FIG. Thereby, the rotational drive of the molten metal M can be ensured, and a high quality product P can be obtained.
- the molten metal M is agitated by electromagnetic force in accordance with Fleming's law. Therefore, by cooperation between a small current flowing in the molten metal M and a magnetic field output from the magnetic field generator 31. Unlike the melting and stirring, which is performed by passing a large current intermittently according to the arc welding principle, etc., it is possible to expect stable and reliable stirring, low noise, and high durability. Can be obtained.
- a direct current is allowed to flow between the electrodes 32A and 32B, but an alternating current having a low period of about 1 to 5 Hz can also be supplied from the power supply device 34.
- the molten metal M repeats vibration according to its cycle, not rotation. This vibration also removes impurities from the molten metal M.
- This modification can also be applied to all embodiments described below. In this case, it is natural to employ a power supply device 34 having a frequency conversion function.
- a permanent magnet is used as the magnetic field generator. For this reason, compared with the electromagnetic stirring apparatus which flows a large current, it can be made very compact. This makes it possible to realize a mold apparatus for mass production equipment.
- a device that does not generate heat and has effects such as power saving, energy saving, and low maintenance can be obtained as a magnetic field generator.
- FIG. 5 shows a further different embodiment.
- the mold 2A of this embodiment has a substantially cylindrical mold body 2A1.
- the mold body 2A1 is formed as having a circumferential groove 2A1 (a) on its inner peripheral surface.
- An insulating film 2A2 is formed on the inner surface (peripheral side surface and bottom surface) of the groove, and an embedded layer 2A3 is configured by embedding a conductive material equivalent to the mold body 2A1 on the insulating film 2A2.
- the insulating film 2A2 and the buried layer 2A3 constitute an insulating layer portion.
- the insulating layer portion is formed on a part of the inner surface of the mold, and functions as a portion that does not allow the current flow from the mold.
- This insulating layer portion is provided at a slightly lower portion of the inner surface of the mold body 2A1. Thereby, the current from the insulating layer portion in the mold body 2A1, that is, the portion in contact with the cast product P, to the cast product P is not allowed as much as possible.
- a terminal 2A4 is provided on the outer peripheral side of the mold body 2A1. Power can be supplied from the power supply 34 to the mold 2A via the terminal 2A4.
- FIG. 6 shows still another embodiment.
- This embodiment is a modification of the embodiment of FIG.
- FIG. 1A is different from the embodiment of FIG. 1A in the arrangement of the upper electrode 32A in FIG. 1A.
- one or a plurality of electrodes 32A0, 32A0,... are arranged in an annular shape in the case of a plurality, and these electrodes 32A0 are arbitrary other than the mold 2A and the like (the mold 2A and the water jacket 23).
- the lower end portion of each electrode 32A0 is inserted into the molten metal M. Thereby, the adjustment of the amount of insertion of the lower end portion of the electrode 32A0 into the molten metal M can be performed with a high degree of freedom regardless of the mold 2A or the like.
- FIG. 7 shows still another embodiment.
- This embodiment can be regarded as a modification of the embodiment of FIG.
- FIG. 7 assumes an apparatus that can be operated when the molten metal M is poured into the lower mold 2A from the upper tundish (molten metal receiving box) 1A as a continuous molten metal without being interrupted. . That is, it is assumed that the molten metal M in the tundish (molten receiving box) 1A and the molten metal M in the mold 2A are integrally connected.
- the electrode 32A0 is inserted into the molten metal M in the mold 2.
- the electrode 32A1 is arbitrarily inserted into the molten metal M in the tundish (molten receiving box) 1A on the assumption of the above case. It is supported by the means. By doing so, the same advantages as in the above-described embodiment of FIG. 7 can be obtained.
- the distance between the tundish (molten receiving box) 1A and the mold 2A can be set and adjusted regardless of the electrode 32A1.
- FIG. 8 (a)-(d), FIG. 9 (a)-(c), and FIG. 10 show still different embodiments of the present invention.
- the water circulation chamber 22 a serving as both a cooling chamber and a magnetic field generator storage chamber.
- a magnetic field generator 31 as a permanent magnet is accommodated in the water circulation chamber 22a (2) so that the position thereof can be adjusted up and down.
- the magnetic field generator storage space (magnetic field generator storage chamber) 22a (2) shown in FIG. 8C stores a plurality of permanent magnet pieces 31A having a predetermined interval shown in FIG. Accordingly, a plurality of partial magnetic field generator storage chambers that are divided from each other, for example, having a circular cross section may be used.
- the outer mold 22 includes a water circulation chamber 22a (2) having a ring-shaped cross section opened downward, and the water circulation chamber 22a (2) is covered with a lid 22B (1).
- FIG. 8B is a view of the inner mold 21 and the outer mold 22 viewed from below along the line VIII (b) -VIII (b) with the lid 22B (1) removed.
- the lid 22B (1) constitutes a part of the mold 2.
- a plurality of permanent magnet pieces 31A, 31A,... Having a circular arc cross section are provided in a ring-shaped water circulation chamber 22a (2) as a magnetic field generator storage space (storage chamber).
- a magnetic field generator 31 composed of (FIG. 8C) is housed so as to be adjustable up and down. That is, the water circulation chamber (cooling chamber) 22a (2) has a function as a cooling water circulation chamber and a magnetic field generator storage chamber.
- a plan view of these permanent magnet pieces 31A is shown in FIG.
- Each permanent magnet piece 31A has, for example, an N pole on the inside and an S pole on the outside. Conversely, it may be magnetized.
- the magnetic field generator 31 is provided so that the height can be adjusted in the water circulation chamber 22a (2) by any means (not shown). Accordingly, as described above, the height is adjusted so as to correspond to the molten metal M in the liquid phase state, so that the molten metal M can be stirred more efficiently.
- the lower opening of the water circulation chamber 22a (2) is closed by the above-described ring-shaped lid 22B.
- a plan view of the lid 22B is shown in FIG.
- a plurality of cooling water discharge channels 22B (1) are formed in the lid 22B (1).
- the plurality of water discharge channels 22B (1) have a plurality of inlets 22B (1) a1 opened on the upper surface of the lid 22B, and the peripheral side surface of the lid 22B. Has an outlet 22B (1) a2.
- the cooling water in the water circulation chamber 22a (2) enters from the plurality of inlets 22B (1) a1, flows out of the outlet 22B (1) a2, and is injected onto the outer periphery of the product P to cool it. Become. That is, the cooling water enters the water circulation chamber 22a (2) from an inlet (not shown), circulates here while cooling, and is discharged to the outside from the water discharge passage 22B (1).
- the magnetic field generator 31 is composed of a plurality of permanent magnet pieces 31A.
- FIG. it can be a figure.
- the water circulation chamber 22a (2) as the magnetic field generator storage space is configured as a circumferential shape as can be seen from FIG. 8B, it is not necessarily limited to this shape, and is divided in the circumferential direction.
- a plurality of cross sections may be configured as an arc-shaped cell chamber. It suffices if cooling water can be circulated in each cell chamber and the permanent magnet piece 31A can be stored so as to be movable up and down.
- the magnetic field generator 31 is not provided outside the mold 2 but a cavity (water circulation chamber 22a (2)) is provided in the mold 2 (external mold 22). Since the magnetic field generator 31 is housed in the cavity, the following characteristics can be obtained.
- a small and small-capacity permanent magnet can be used as the magnetic field generator 31. That is, when the magnetic field generator 31 is externally attached to the mold, it is inevitable that the distance between the magnetic field generator 31 and the molten metal M is slightly increased. However, in this embodiment, since it was built in the mold 2, when the distance between the magnetic field generator 31 and the molten metal M is reduced and the same stirring ability is provided, a smaller and smaller capacity permanent magnet is used. be able to.
- the magnetic field generator 31 is a built-in type, the entire device can be provided in a small size.
- the product P When the product P is manufactured with this apparatus, for example, five or six workers gather around the apparatus, and the work is dense in a short time (monitoring and preventing molten metal leakage, monitoring the molten metal ejection, preventing work, etc. ) Is essential.
- the workability of the built-in device according to the present embodiment is better than the case where the magnetic field generator 31 protrudes externally. That is, the external appearance of the apparatus can be of the same dimension as that of the conventional apparatus that does not have the magnetic field generator 31, and the apparatus of the present embodiment is very convenient in the field.
- the magnetic field generator 31 In order to make the magnetic field act on the molten metal M reliably, the magnetic field generator 31 should be as close as possible to the molten metal M, and this is realized in the built-in type.
- the magnetic field generator 31 When the magnetic field generator 31 is externally attached, it is necessary to consider the influence of the magnetic field on various measuring instruments such as a temperature sensor, but the built-in type has less influence and is advantageous for measurement. That is, when manufacturing a product P such as a slab or billet, temperature measurement and management at a plurality of locations of the product P are extremely important issues in order to maintain the quality of the product. Such a temperature measurement is extremely advantageous in the present embodiment.
- each component of the present apparatus is a consumable item and needs to be replaced as needed every certain period of operation time.
- the magnetic field generator 31 and the like can be made small and light, replacement work and the like can be performed very easily.
- the work in the apparatus of this embodiment is a work at a high temperature of about 700 ° C., it is extremely dangerous work for the worker.
- a small magnetic field generator 31 that may have a slightly low magnetic field strength.
- the tools for adjusting and maintaining the apparatus are generally made of iron ferromagnetic material, and safety shoes are also made of iron, but the magnetic field of the magnetic field generator 31 radiated to the outside is a little. However, if it becomes weaker, the safety of security personnel, workers, measurers, etc. will be maintained.
- FIGS. 8A to 8E are applied to the apparatus shown in FIG. 1 and the like, as well as to the apparatus for manufacturing the slabs shown in FIGS. 9A to 9C and FIG. 10 described below. It is natural to say that.
- FIGS. 9B and 9C are cross-sectional views taken along line IX (b) -IX (b) in FIG. 9A
- FIG. 9C is a plan view of the magnetic field generator 31.
- the magnetic field generator 31 uses four permanent magnet pieces 31A as two sets facing each other, any one set may be used.
- FIG. 10 is a modification of FIG.
- the pair of electrodes 32A and 32B are used in a state of being inserted into the molten metal M.
- the present inventor confirmed through experiments that the molten metal M is stirred even when the electrodes 32A and 32B are used. That is, even if a pair of electrodes 32A and 32B are used as shown in FIG. 10, the magnetic field lines from the magnetic field generator 31 and the current flowing between the pair of electrodes 32A and 32B flow through the molten metal M through various paths.
- the electromagnetic force is generated by Fleming's law.
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Abstract
Description
導電性材料の液相状態にある溶湯の供給を受け、前記溶湯を冷却することにより固相状態の鋳造品を取り出し得るようにした攪拌装置付連続鋳造用鋳型装置であって、
鋳型であって、ほぼ円筒状の側壁の中心側における、入口と出口を有する鋳造空間と、前記側壁の内部に形成され、前記鋳造空間の外側に位置する磁場発生装置収納室と、を有し、前記入口から液相状態の前記溶湯の供給を前記鋳造空間に受け、前記鋳造空間での冷却により固相状態の前記鋳造品を前記出口から排出する、鋳型と、
前記鋳型に対応して設けられた攪拌装置であって、少なくとも前記鋳造空間内の液相状態にある前記溶湯中に電流を流すことのできる第1電極及び第2電極を有する電極部と、液相状態にある前記溶湯に磁場をかけるための永久磁石を有する磁場発生装置と、を備え、前記磁場発生装置は前記鋳型における前記磁場発生装置収納室に収納されて、中心方向に向かって横向きに磁力線を発生させ、前記磁力線を前記鋳型の側壁の一部を貫通させて前記鋳造空間に至らせ、前記溶湯に前記電流と交差する横向きの磁力線を与え得るものとして構成されている、攪拌装置と、
を備えるものとして構成される。
鋳型中央部に位置する溶湯は、冷却中の鋳型壁から離れているため、凝固は外周部の溶湯よりも当然遅れる。そのため鋳型内では溶湯は、液体(液相)状態の溶湯と固体(固相)状態の鋳造物の2つが界面を介して接した状態で同時に存在することになる。而して、一般に溶湯をあまり急速に凝固させると、固体に変わった鋳造物(製品)内にガスが残り、製品の品質を低下させてしまう。このため、凝固前の溶湯を攪拌して、脱ガスを促進させている。この攪拌のために従来は電気を動力とする電磁攪拌装置が使われてきたのである。
この外部鋳型22の側壁の内部には、追って詳しく説明するように、磁場発生装置31が収納状態に組み込まれている。なお、角柱状の製品(スラブ)を取り出す場合にあっても技術的な考え方は同じであり、以下に説明する実施形態の技術的思想をそのまま適用可能である。簡単には、製品である角形のスラブに対応する部品の形状が変わるだけである。
このウォータジャケット23は、内部鋳型21内に流れ込む溶湯Mを冷却するためのものである。つまり、図示せぬ流入口からウォータジャケット23内に冷却水を流入させ、ウォータジャケット23内で冷却水を循環させ、この冷却水によって外部鋳型22の外側を冷却して、図示しない流出口から冷却水を排出する。このウォータジャケット23により、溶湯Mは急激に冷却されることになる。ウォータジャケット23としては公知の各種の構造のものを採用することができ、よってここでは詳しい説明は省略する。
これと磁化が逆でも良い。つまり、内側を全てある極に磁化し、外側を全て異なる極に磁化すればよい。本発明のさらなる特徴の1つは、複数の磁極を図3(a)から分かるように、固化する前の溶湯Mをぐるりと取り囲む複数の位置に配置することにある。これにより、後述するように、磁力線と電流とによるフレミングの法則の電磁力により、溶湯Mをまんべんなく攪拌して、製品Pの品質を向上させることができる。よって、磁極の数は図3(a)では4つとしているが、この数にこだわるものではなく、任意の数でよい。また、上述したように、磁場発生装置31は、リング状の1つの一体のものとして構成する必要はなく、図8(d)に示すような、任意数の複数の磁石体(磁石片)に分割したものでも良い。
各電極32Aは先に述べたプローブ差込孔2aに差し込まれる。つまり、前記電極32Aは、前記ウォータジャケット23から前記鋳型2(内部鋳型21、外部鋳型22)を貫通して、内端が前記内部鋳型21内に露呈して、内部の溶湯Mに接触導通し、外端がウォータジャケット23の外部に露呈する。前記外端は可変直流電流を流し得る電源装置34に繋がれている。この電源装置34は後述するように交流電源機能を併せ持っていても良く、且つ、周波数変換機能を有したものとすることもできる。前記電極32Aは、鋳型2の側壁を貫通させることなく、鋳型2の上部開口の上方に、その内端が、鋳型2に流れ込む溶湯Mの表面から溶湯M中に差し込まれた状態に、支持することもできる。電極32Aはグラファイト等の内部鋳型21に電気的に接続することも出来る。
これにより、鋳型本体2A1における絶縁層部分、つまり、鋳造品Pと接する部分から鋳造品Pへの電流は可及的に許容されないことになる。
つまり、磁場発生装置31を鋳型に外付けすると、磁場発生装置31と溶湯Mとの距離がやや遠くなるのが避けられない。しかるに、本実施形態では、鋳型2に内蔵するようにしたので、磁場発生装置31と溶湯Mとの距離が縮まり、同じ攪拌能力を持たせる場合には、より小型で小能力の永久磁石を用いることができる。
つまり、この装置の運転時には、製品Pの確認の製品チェックを行うため、各種の測定、非破壊検査等を実施すべく複数の検査員がこの装置の回りに位置取りして、そのような測定等を行わなければならない。しかるに、外付けの磁場発生装置の場合には大型で嵩張るものとなるのが避けられず、且つ強力な磁場を発生するため、そのような測定作業がやりにくいのは否定出来ない。しかるに、この実施形態では磁場発生装置31を鋳型2の中に設けるようにしたので、嵩張らないだけでなく且つ外部に放射する磁場の強さも弱まり、各種測定等がやりやすくなる。
つまり、上記のような測定等に必要な時間が短縮できるため、結果的に短時間当たりの製品Pの製造速度を高めることが出来る。
つまり、磁場発生装置31が内蔵型となっているため、その分全体としての装置を小型なものとして提供可能である。
つまり、上記と同様であるが、同じ製品Pを製造する装置として見た場合、磁場発生装置31が内蔵型となっているため、全体としての大きさが小さくなり、狭い場所にも設置でき、装置の有用性に融通性が得られる。
Claims (20)
- 導電性材料の液相状態にある溶湯の供給を受け、前記溶湯を冷却することにより固相状態の鋳造品を取り出し得るようにした攪拌装置付連続鋳造用鋳型装置であって、
鋳型であって、ほぼ円筒状の側壁の中心側における、入口と出口を有する鋳造空間と、前記側壁の内部に形成され、前記鋳造空間の外側に位置する磁場発生装置収納室と、を有し、前記入口から液相状態の前記溶湯の供給を前記鋳造空間に受け、前記鋳造空間での冷却により固相状態の前記鋳造品を前記出口から排出する、鋳型と、
前記鋳型に対応して設けられた攪拌装置であって、少なくとも前記鋳造空間内の液相状態にある前記溶湯中に電流を流すことのできる第1電極及び第2電極を有する電極部と、液相状態にある前記溶湯に磁場をかけるための永久磁石を有する磁場発生装置と、を備え、前記磁場発生装置は前記鋳型における前記磁場発生装置収納室に収納されて、中心方向に向かって横向きに磁力線を発生させ、前記磁力線を前記鋳型の側壁の一部を貫通させて前記鋳造空間に至らせ、前記溶湯に前記電流と交差する横向きの磁力線を与え得るものとして構成されている、攪拌装置と、
を備えることを特徴とする攪拌装置付連続鋳造用鋳型装置。 - 磁場発生装置収納室は、前記鋳型の側壁の内部に、且つ、前記鋳造空間の外周位置に、形成されていることを特徴とする請求項1記載の攪拌装置付連続鋳造用鋳型装置。
- 磁場発生装置収納室は、前記鋳型の側壁の内部に下方に解放した開口を有するものとして形成されていることを特徴とする請求項1又は2記載の攪拌装置付連続鋳造用鋳型装置。
- 前記鋳型の外側に冷却手段が設けられていることを特徴とする請求項1乃至3の1つに記載の攪拌装置付連続鋳造用鋳型装置。
- 前記磁場発生装置収納室の前記開口が蓋によって閉鎖されて、前記磁場発生装置収納室は冷却水の流通を許容する冷却室としての機能を兼用するものとして構成されていることを特徴とする請求項1乃至3の1つに記載の攪拌装置付連続鋳造用金型装置。
- 前記磁場発生装置は、前記磁場発生装置収納室内に、前記鋳造空間内の液相状態の溶湯と固相状態の製品との界面の位置に応じて、位置を上下に調節可能に、設けられていることを特徴とする請求項1乃至5の1つに記載の攪拌装置付連続鋳造用鋳型装置。
- 前記磁場発生装置収納室内を流れる冷却水を前記製品に向けて噴射させる放水路が前記鋳型に形成されていることを特徴とする請求項1乃至6の1つに記載の攪拌装置付連続鋳造用鋳型装置。
- 前記磁場発生装置収納室は、前記鋳造空間の全周を囲むように横断面が枠状に形成されていることを特徴とする請求項1乃至7の1つに記載の攪拌装置付連続鋳造用鋳型装置。
- 前記磁場発生装置収納室はそれぞれ区画された独立の複数の部分磁場発生装置収納室を備えたものとして構成され、前記各部分磁場発生装置収納室は、前記鋳造空間の全周の一部を囲むものとして形成されていることを特徴とする請求項1乃至7の1つに記載の攪拌装置付連続鋳造用鋳型装置。
- 前記磁場発生装置は、横断面が枠状のものとして構成され、内周側が第1の極に磁化され、外周側が第2の極に磁化されていることを特徴とする請求項8記載の攪拌装置付連続鋳造用鋳型装置。
- 前記磁場発生装置は、横断面が枠状の支持体と、前記支持体の内面に複数の永久磁石片を所定の間隔で取り付け、前記各永久磁石体は内面側と外面側がそれぞれ磁化されていることを特徴とする請求項8記載の攪拌装置付連続鋳造用鋳型装置。
- 前記磁場発生装置は複数の永久磁石片を備え、前記複数の永久磁石片を所定間隔で前記磁場発生装置収納室に収納したことを特徴とする請求項8記載の溶解炉システム。
- 前記磁場発生装置は複数の永久磁石片を備え、前記複数の永久磁石片をそれぞれ前記部分磁場発生装置収納室に収納したことを特徴とする請求項9記載の溶解炉システム。
- 前記第1電極は、前記鋳型中における液相状態の溶湯とあるいはこの溶湯と電気的に導通する溶湯あるいはその他の部品と電気的に導通可能に設けられ、前記第2電極は、前記鋳型から取り出される固相状態の製品とあるいは前記製品と電気的に導通可能に設けられている、ことを特徴とする請求項1乃至13の1つに記載の攪拌装置付連続鋳造用鋳型装置。
- 前記第1電極及び前記第2電極は、共に、前記鋳型中の液相状態の溶湯に電気的に導通可能に設けられている、ことを特徴とする請求項1乃至13の1つに記載の攪拌装置付連続鋳造用鋳型装置。
- 前記第1電極及び前記第2電極にはこれらの間に直流電流を流し得る電源装置が接続されていることを特徴とする請求項1乃至15の1つに記載の攪拌装置付連続鋳造用鋳型装置。
- 前記第1電極及び前記第2電極にはこれらの間に交流電流を流し得る電源装置が接続されていることを特徴とする請求項1乃至15の1つに記載の攪拌装置付連続鋳造用鋳型装置。
- 前記電源装置は周波数変換機能を備えていることを特徴とする請求項17記載の攪拌装置付連続鋳造用鋳型装置。
- 前記鋳型は、非導電性材料による1重構造、導電性材料による1重構造、あるいは、非導電性材料と導電性材料による2重構造のものとして構成されていることを特徴とする請求項1乃至18の1つに記載の攪拌装置付連続鋳造用鋳型装置。
- 前記第2電極は先端にローラを備え、前記ローラは取り出される前記鋳造品の外面との接触により回転可能なものとして構成されていることを特徴とする請求項1乃至19の1つに記載の攪拌装置付連続鋳造用鋳型装置。
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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CN103459064A (zh) | 2013-12-18 |
AU2012337223A1 (en) | 2013-07-18 |
EP2650063A4 (en) | 2015-04-22 |
AU2012337223B2 (en) | 2016-03-17 |
US20140069602A1 (en) | 2014-03-13 |
JP5431438B2 (ja) | 2014-03-05 |
CA2829183A1 (en) | 2013-05-16 |
CN103459064B (zh) | 2016-01-13 |
KR101562876B1 (ko) | 2015-10-26 |
JP2013103229A (ja) | 2013-05-30 |
AU2016201435B2 (en) | 2017-11-23 |
EP2650063B1 (en) | 2018-06-27 |
CA2829183C (en) | 2016-06-07 |
NZ612696A (en) | 2016-10-28 |
AU2016201435A1 (en) | 2016-03-24 |
KR20130100210A (ko) | 2013-09-09 |
US20150343523A1 (en) | 2015-12-03 |
US20180345359A1 (en) | 2018-12-06 |
EP2650063A1 (en) | 2013-10-16 |
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