WO2013068778A1

WO2013068778A1 - Method of production work from thermal exchanging

Info

Publication number: WO2013068778A1
Application number: PCT/IB2011/002675
Authority: WO
Inventors: Denys MOSKAL
Original assignee: Moskal Denys
Priority date: 2011-11-09
Filing date: 2011-11-09
Publication date: 2013-05-16

Abstract

Method of production work from thermal exchanging in counter- current streams is realised by recuperation of overflow internal energy from working mass. Inside countercurrent exchanger the overflow internal energy from the heated in a previous cycle working mass, will be transferred into the cool working mass for next cycle. An example of the heat engine, built on this method, includes two cylinders which are connected through countercurrent exchanger E. Under piston PC1 in cylinder C1 there is working mass in liquid phase. In the right cylinder C2 there is working mass in gas phase under piston PC2. The work W1xpended in C1 when the force acts on piston PC1 and liquid phase is moving from C1 into C2 through E, but gas phase is moving towards from C2 into C1. Overflow internal energy AU from gas phase transferred into internal energy of liquid phase. As result piston PC2 is moving up and producing positive work W2=DeltaU>W1.

Description

DESCRIPTION

METHOD OF PRODUCTION WORK FROM THERMAL

EXCHANGING

TECHNICAL FIELD

[1] The invention relates to energetics, especially to building high effectively heat engine and can be used for electric power production, mechanical work and heat.

BACKGROUND ART

[2] Thermal exchange in counter-current streams is using in the cryogenic plants [International Publication WO 2011/115790 A2 by Longsworth R. C.]. Additionally there are methods with thermal countercurrent exchange for recuperation electricity energy [International Publication WO 2011/045282 A2 by Mercangoez M. and others] and for production helpful work from internal energy of environment [International Publication M WO 2011/119074 A2 by Stekolschikov M. V. and M WO 2011/107651 Al by Majalahti T.].

[3] For knowing methods of constructing high effectively heat engine with countercurrent exchange it is necessary to use many additional things: evaporators, refrigerators (in transformation regime) and great thermal reservoirs (oceans, rivers, ponds and so on). Additionally there is necessary to increase efficiency of thermal engines as high as it is possible.

DISCLOSURE OF INVENTION PROBLEM

[4] The physical problem of this invention is simplification of the processes of production helpful work and generally increasing efficiency of the thermal engines with using internal energy of working mass as basic source of thermal energy.

RESOLVING

[5] This problem is resolved by using a thermal countercurrent exchanger, which installed between hot volume and cool volume. In this way, internal energy of working mass coming out from the hot volume after previous thermodynamic cycle, will be transferred in thermal energy of working mass which is coming out from the cool volume for next cycle. As result all of the next cycles are using thermal energy recuperated from previous cycles. Volume of hot working mass is bigger than volume of cool working mass and the helpful work will be bigger than work expended in cool volume.

An EXAMPLE

[6] Content of described method easy to see with an example of heat engine built on this principle (Fig. 1). This device is looking as hydraulic press: there are two cylinders CI and C2 connected by countercurrent exchanger E. There is working mass in liquid stage (for example liquid air, ethylene or butane) under piston PCI in the left cylinder CI, in a volume VI with low temperature Tl and low steams pressure pi. In the right cylinder C2, in volume V2 there is working mass in gas phase with high temperature T2 and high pressure p2.

[7] At the moment when a force Fl is acting on piston PCI pressure in cylinder CI instantly will increase up (liquids have little compressibility) to ρ2+Δρ =F1'S1 (SI - area of piston). Liquid phase is moving from CI into C2 through E and gas phase is moving towards from C2 into CI. In the cool volume CI work Wl is spent and overflow internal energy AU from gas phase is transferred into internal energy of liquid phase. As result gas phase from C2 becomes liquid with low temperature Tl and pressure pi, but liquid phase absorbs Δϋ and becomes gas with high temperature and pressure p2+Ap. Pressure ρ2+Δρ will action under piston PC2 and over this piston pressure will be decrease down to pi. In the next stage piston PCI is fixed, but piston PC2 is moving up with production of helpful work W2=AU>W1.

In the end of the cycle pistons PCI and PC2 will be moving back with production the same positive work W2 and back transforming the energy AU in the countercurrent exchanger (Fig. 2). Thermodynamic cycle is completed with double effect (Fig. 3, black arrows shows directions of processes).

EFFICIENCY

[9] Calculations are showing that efficiency in this cycle will reached up to several units. In case additional energy conversion with environment (with using no adiabatic, but isothermal processes) effectively will increase up to hundreds (Fig. 4.).

[10] It is necessary to note that described method allow construct not only reciprocating engines, but as well as rotary engines or turbines. In any way - basic principles will be production helpful work from recuperation overflow internal energy after previous cycle.

MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION

[11] More real engine will be used polytropic processes with waste thermal energy. Therefore necessary to use thermal pump for stable difference between temperatures in the hot and cool volumes. Additionally, will be more effectively in case stable streams with permanent directions in countercurrent exchanger. For resolving this technical problem offers to use hydro pump (for liquid phase in cool volume) and turbine (in hot volume) (Fig. 5). It is no need to use any warming up devices for hot volume, but it is possible to use thermal conversion for the turbine with environment (for example with air) if critical temperature of working mass is near the temperature of air around. Waste thermal energy from thermal pump can be used for more efficiency by heating of the turbine. As result output work W2 from hot turbine (for example from electrical generator) will be bigger than input work Wl spent in the cool pump. Furthermore it is possible to use opened cycle (Fig. 6), if working mass it is air (in air environment) and temperature in the cool volume is very low (down to liquid air).

INDUSTRIAL APLICABILITY

[12] Using proposed method gives decreased costs for organic fuel, allows walking out nuclear power and simplifies construction engines on renewable energy.

Claims

[Claim 1] Method of work production from thermal exchanging in counter- current streams is realized by recuperation of overflow internal energy from working mass. By this method overflow internal energy from heated in a previous cycle working mass, will be transferred in countercurrent exchanger into colder working mass for next cycle. In this way any next thermodynamic cycle will produce positive work from internal energy recuperated from previous cycle. Beneficial effect is appearing, because volume and pressure in cool working mass greatly less then in hot working mass. As result, expended work in cool volume greatly less then helpful work and effectively becomes giant value.

[Claim 2] Method according to claim 1 is distinct from the already known methods, because allows to build simple heat engines only on three base parts - cold volume, countercurrent exchanger and hot volume. These engines have posibility to product helpful work by closed or unclosed cycles.

[Claim 3] Method according to claim 1 is distinct from the already known methods, because for constructing heat engines not need to use great thermal reservoirs (oceans, rivers, ponds and so on). Additional energy conversion with environment increases efficiency in several times for heat engines, built on this method.

[Claim 4] Method according to claim 1 is distinct from the already known methods, because energy conversion efficiency of heat engines, built on this method with two phases of working mass, will be greatly increased - up to hundreds units.