WO2013067919A1 - 一种无线信道接入方法及系统 - Google Patents

一种无线信道接入方法及系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2013067919A1
WO2013067919A1 PCT/CN2012/084165 CN2012084165W WO2013067919A1 WO 2013067919 A1 WO2013067919 A1 WO 2013067919A1 CN 2012084165 W CN2012084165 W CN 2012084165W WO 2013067919 A1 WO2013067919 A1 WO 2013067919A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
group
station
uplink transmission
site
access
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2012/084165
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
李楠
吕开颖
姜静
田开波
孙波
Original Assignee
中兴通讯股份有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Publication date
Application filed by 中兴通讯股份有限公司 filed Critical 中兴通讯股份有限公司
Priority to US14/360,405 priority Critical patent/US20140376433A1/en
Publication of WO2013067919A1 publication Critical patent/WO2013067919A1/zh

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W52/00—Power management, e.g. TPC [Transmission Power Control], power saving or power classes
    • H04W52/02—Power saving arrangements
    • H04W52/0209—Power saving arrangements in terminal devices
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W74/00—Wireless channel access
    • H04W74/08—Non-scheduled access, e.g. ALOHA
    • H04W74/0808—Non-scheduled access, e.g. ALOHA using carrier sensing, e.g. carrier sense multiple access [CSMA]
    • H04W74/0816—Non-scheduled access, e.g. ALOHA using carrier sensing, e.g. carrier sense multiple access [CSMA] with collision avoidance
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W52/00—Power management, e.g. TPC [Transmission Power Control], power saving or power classes
    • H04W52/02—Power saving arrangements
    • H04W52/0209—Power saving arrangements in terminal devices
    • H04W52/0225—Power saving arrangements in terminal devices using monitoring of external events, e.g. the presence of a signal
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02D—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
    • Y02D30/00—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks
    • Y02D30/70—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks in wireless communication networks

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of wireless communications, and in particular, to a wireless channel access method and system. Background technique
  • WLAN Wireless Local Area Network
  • the IEEE 802.il working group of the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers has defined a series of WLAN technology standards such as 802.11a, 802.11b, and 802.11g.
  • 802.11a, 802.11b, and 802.11g are standards that are being made to develop specifications that involve improvements to existing 802.11 technologies.
  • the 802.11 ah task group focuses on resources in the unlicensed band below the 1 GHz band to support new network applications such as smart grids, sensor networks, and cellular load sharing.
  • a station is divided into an access point (AP) and a non-AP station (non-AP station).
  • An AP and a plurality of non-AP STAs associated with the AP form a basic service set (BSS).
  • BSS basic service set
  • 802.11 defines two basic access mechanisms: Distributed Coordination Function (DCF) and Point Coordination Function (PCF), which also define improvements based on these two modes: Enhanced Distributed Coordination Access Function (Enhanced Distributed Channel Access, EDCA) and hybrid coordination function control channel access , HCCA).
  • DCF is the most basic access mechanism, which uses multiple carrier backoff (Backoff) and Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Avoidance (CSMA/CA) mechanism to enable multiple sites to share wireless. channel.
  • EDCA and HCCA support channel access for QoS sites, where EDCA utilizes random backoff and CSMA/CA mechanisms to enable multiple Share the wireless channel with the priority queue and reserve a Transmission Opportunity (TXOP).
  • HCCA means that in the Controlled Access Phase (CAP), the AP obtains control by waiting for a shorter time than the non-AP site, and polls the radio frame (CF-Poll) for polling. After the non-AP STA is polled, the non-AP STA is granted a TXOP.
  • CAP Controlled Access Phase
  • CF-Poll radio frame
  • the existing WLAN system supports stations to perform power-saving mode operations, that is, alternate operation in the awake state and the doze state caravan such as the Power Save Multi-Poll (PSMP) mechanism.
  • PSMP Power Save Multi-Poll
  • the AP broadcasts a PSMP frame, and defines its downlink transmission time (AP to non-AP STA transmission) and uplink transmission time (non-AP STA to AP) for each non-AP STA.
  • the non-AP STA is for itself.
  • the defined downlink transmission time is received and sent in the uplink transmission time.
  • the non-AP STA can enter the sleep state.
  • the non-AP STA is simply referred to as a station.
  • the traditional power-saving mechanism adopts the above-mentioned PSMP mechanism to schedule the downlink transmission time and the uplink transmission time for each station by transmitting PSMP frames, so that the stations alternately work in the awake state and the sleep state to achieve the purpose of power saving.
  • 802.11ah such as smart meter reading system, environmental monitoring site, smart home system, etc.
  • This method is for 802.11ah systems where the number of sites is several times that of traditional APs.
  • the signaling overhead will be very large.
  • more than 6000 sites may be associated with one AP at the same time. The simultaneous access of such sites to the channel causes a large number of collisions, resulting in an increase in access delay.
  • the main object of the present invention is to provide a wireless channel access method and system, which can reduce system overhead while ensuring low power consumption of the station.
  • a wireless channel access method comprising:
  • the access station transmits a radio frame containing access parameters of at least one group of stations
  • Receiving, by the station, the radio frame, and the station is included in the at least one group of stations, when there is data to be sent, the uplink transmission time of the station in the access parameter according to the access parameter of the group of stations
  • the guilt uses the competition method to send data.
  • the method further includes:
  • Receiving, by the station, the radio frame, and the station is included in the at least one group of stations, when there is no data to be sent, the downlink transmission time of the local station or the group of stations in the access parameter Going into sleep state;
  • the method further includes: the station determining, according to the group identification information and/or the site identification information of the site in the access parameter, whether the self is included in the At least one group of sites.
  • the access parameters of a group of sites include: group identity information of the site and/or site identifier information, and a downlink transmission start time and a downlink transmission duration; or
  • the access parameters of a group of sites include: group identity information and/or site identity information of the site, and uplink transmission start time and uplink transmission duration; or
  • the access parameters of a group of sites include: group identity information and/or site identity information of the site, and downlink transmission start time and downlink transmission duration, and uplink transmission start time and uplink transmission duration; or
  • the access parameters of a group of sites include: group identification information and/or site identification information of the site.
  • the data transmission according to the access parameters of the group of stations in the uplink transmission time of the access parameter is performed by using a contention method:
  • the station that competes for the channel performs data transmission, and the time that the station occupies the channel does not exceed the uplink transmission duration of the access parameter.
  • the method further includes:
  • the station in the group that has data to be transmitted continues to compete for the channel and performs data transmission until the uplink transmission time of the group ends.
  • a wireless channel access system includes: an access station and a plurality of stations; wherein the access station is configured to send a radio frame that includes access parameters of at least one group of sites; For receiving the radio frame, and being included in the at least one group of sites, when there is data to be sent, according to the access parameters of the group of stations, in the uplink transmission time in the access parameter
  • the contention method is to send data.
  • the station is further configured to receive the radio frame, and is included in the at least one group of sites.
  • the site or the group site in the access parameter Entering a dormant state outside the downlink transmission time; and further configured to: when receiving the radio frame, and not included in the at least one group of sites, in a downlink transmission time and an uplink transmission time in the access parameter , enters the sleep state.
  • the station is further configured to determine, according to the group identification information and/or the site identification information of the site in the access parameter, whether it is included in the at least one group of sites.
  • the access parameters of a group of sites include: group identity information of the site and/or site identifier information, and a downlink transmission start time and a downlink transmission duration; or
  • the access parameters of a group of sites include: group identity information and/or site identity information of the site, and an uplink transmission start time and an uplink transmission duration; or
  • the access parameters of a group of sites include: group identity information and/or site identity information of the site, and downlink transmission start time and downlink transmission duration, and uplink transmission start time and uplink transmission duration; or
  • the access parameters of a group of sites include: group identification information and/or site identification information of the site.
  • the station is specifically configured to use a random backoff and a CSMA/CA mechanism to compete for a channel when the uplink transmission start time of the access parameter arrives when there is data to be sent; when the channel is struck, The time when the data is transmitted and the channel is occupied does not exceed the uplink transmission duration of the access parameter, and after the data is transmitted, the sleep state is entered.
  • the station is further configured to: when there is data to be sent, and the channel is not successfully contending, after the station data of the station that is competing to the channel is sent, the uplink transmission time of the group of stations is not yet At the end, continue to compete for the channel and send data until the uplink transmission time of the group is over.
  • the access station sends a radio frame including at least one set of site access parameters, so that the station accesses the channel through the contention mode during the uplink transmission time scheduled for its own, and performs data transmission, thereby ensuring low power consumption of the station.
  • the system overhead of sending uplink transmission time parameters for each station is reduced, thereby achieving the purpose of saving power and extending battery life.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic flowchart of an implementation process of a wireless channel access method according to the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of parameters included in a radio frame according to Embodiment 1 of the method for accessing a radio channel according to the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a sequence of a frame according to Embodiment 1 of a method for accessing a radio channel according to the present invention
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of parameters included in a radio frame according to Embodiment 2 of the method for accessing a radio channel according to the present invention
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a sequence of a frame in Embodiment 2 of a method for accessing a radio channel according to the present invention
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of parameters included in a radio frame according to Embodiment 3 of the method for accessing a radio channel according to the present invention
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a sequence of a frame according to Embodiment 3 of a method for accessing a radio channel according to the present invention
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of parameters included in a radio frame according to Embodiment 4 of a method for accessing a radio channel according to the present invention
  • 9 is a schematic diagram of a frame sequence of a fourth embodiment of a wireless channel access method according to the present invention
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of a frame sequence of a fifth embodiment of a method for accessing a wireless channel according to the present invention
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of a wireless channel access system according to the present invention. detailed description
  • an access station transmits a radio frame including at least one set of site access parameters; a station receives the radio frame, and the station is included in the at least one group of sites, when there is a to-be-sent In the case of data, the station uses the contention method for data transmission in the uplink transmission time in the access parameter according to the access parameters of the group.
  • FIG. 1 shows an implementation flow of a method for accessing a wireless channel according to the present invention. As shown in FIG. 1, the method includes the following steps:
  • Step 101 The access station sends a radio frame that includes access parameters of at least one group of stations.
  • the access station sends a radio frame, where the radio frame includes access parameters of one or more groups of stations;
  • the one or more groups of stations refer to groups according to the service application, the operator, the access network sequence, or the station identification number of the station; preferably, the access station may send the radio frame in a broadcast manner.
  • the access parameters of a group of sites contain the following conditions:
  • the access parameters of a group of sites include: group identity information and/or site identity information of the site and downlink transmission start time and downlink transmission duration;
  • the access parameters of a group of sites include: group identity information and/or site identity information of the site, and uplink transmission start time and uplink transmission duration;
  • the access parameters of a group of sites include: group identification information and/or site identification information of the site and The line transmission start time and the downlink transmission duration and the uplink transmission start time and the uplink transmission duration.
  • the downlink transmission start time and the downlink transmission duration may be collectively referred to as a downlink transmission time; the uplink transmission start time and the uplink transmission duration may be collectively referred to as an uplink transmission time.
  • Step 102 The station receives the radio frame, and the station is included in the at least one group of sites. When there is data to be sent, the station is in the access parameter according to the access parameter of the group site. Data transmission is performed in a competitive manner during the uplink transmission time;
  • the method further includes: determining, by the station, whether the group includes the group identity information and/or the site identifier information of the site in the access parameter carried by the radio frame.
  • the group identification information to which the site belongs and/or the site identification information of the site is the same as the group identity information and/or the site identity information of the site in the access parameter And the site is included in the at least one group of sites, otherwise the site is not included in the at least one group of sites.
  • the method further includes: the station receives the radio frame, and the station is included in the at least one group of sites, when there is no data to be sent, the site or the group in the access parameter Going to sleep state outside the downlink transmission time of the station;
  • the station When the station receives the radio frame and the station is not included in the at least one group of stations, entering a sleep state in a downlink transmission time and an uplink transmission time in the access parameter.
  • the station included in the at least one group of stations has data to be sent
  • the random backoff and the CSMA/CA mechanism are used to compete for the channel;
  • the channel is contending, the data is sent, and the time that the station occupies the channel does not exceed the uplink transmission duration of the access parameter.
  • the sleep state may be entered; and if the uplink transmission time of the group of sites is not over yet, the other ones included in the group of sites are included.
  • the station that has data to be transmitted can continue to compete for the channel and perform data transmission until the uplink transmission time of the group site ends.
  • the radio channel access method provided by the present invention is described in detail below by using a specific embodiment.
  • the access site may be an AP, and the site is specifically a non-AP STA.
  • the radio frame sent by the AP is a radio frame including access parameters of a group of stations.
  • Step 11 The AP sends a radio frame in a broadcast manner, and allocates a downlink transmission time and an uplink transmission time to a group of stations.
  • the access parameters carried by the radio frame include at least one of the following: group identity information and/or site identifier information of the site, a downlink transmission start time, a downlink transmission duration, an uplink transmission start time, and an uplink transmission duration.
  • the radio frame specifically includes: a message type identifier, a group identifier information, a downlink start offset, a downlink transmission duration, an uplink start offset, and an uplink transmission duration.
  • the role of the message type identifier is to enable the receiving end to identify the frame format of the received radio frame;
  • the downlink start offset that is, the downlink transmission start time, may be in units of time or in units of beacon frame intervals in the system. Start value;
  • the downlink transmission duration is also the length of time in units of time or in the beacon frame interval in the system. If the AP does not allocate uplink or downlink transmission time for the group, the corresponding parameter is set to zero.
  • the group of sites may be a grouping of service applications, operators, access network sequences, or site identification numbers of the stations.
  • Each packet is pre-assigned a group identity that will be included in the radio frame.
  • a group of stations may also be indicated in a radio frame by carrying a number of stations and a site identifier list, or a site bitmap, where each bit in the bitmap corresponds to a site under the AP. Whether the downlink transmission time or the uplink transmission time is allocated to each station can be indicated by the bit value being 0 or 1.
  • Step 12 After receiving the radio frame, the station determines that there is a downlink transmission time and an uplink transmission time allocated to the group to which it belongs, and then receives the downlink transmission time according to the corresponding parameter; when it has data to be sent, it receives in the downlink. After entering, it does not go to sleep. When the uplink transmission time arrives, it competes for the channel; when there is no pending data, it goes to sleep.
  • the transmission may be performed until the uplink transmission duration ends. If there is no competition to the transmission opportunity, the sleep is entered until the uplink transmission time ends, waiting for a fixed interframe interval, and then receiving One of the above broadcast radio frames, where there will be an indication that the next broadcast radio frame will also be included in the current radio frame.
  • the station may enter the sleep, and wait until the allocated uplink transmission time ends, waiting for a fixed After the interframe interval, the next broadcast radio frame is received.
  • the frame sequence diagram of the foregoing operation process may refer to FIG. 3.
  • the stations in the one group share one downlink transmission time and uplink transmission time.
  • the channel is contending during the shared uplink transmission time, and a transmission opportunity is obtained.
  • the radio frame sent by the AP is a radio frame that includes the access parameters of a group of sites, and the second embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that the parameters of the downlink transmission time are in the second embodiment.
  • a radio frame is a radio frame that is assigned a respective downlink transmission time for one or more of a group of stations.
  • Step 21 The AP sends a radio frame in a broadcast manner, and allocates a downlink transmission time and an uplink transmission time to a group of stations.
  • the downlink transmission time is to allocate respective downlink transmission times for one or more stations in a group of stations.
  • the access parameters carried by the radio frame include at least one of the following: Identification information and/or site identification information, downlink transmission start time, downlink transmission duration, uplink transmission start time, and uplink transmission duration.
  • the radio frame specifically includes: a message type identifier, a group identifier information, a station bitmap, a downlink start offset of the station 1, a downlink duration of the station 1, and a downlink start of the station n. Offset, station n downlink duration, uplink start offset, and uplink duration.
  • the function of the message type identifier is to enable the receiving end to identify the frame format of the received radio frame; the downlink start offset of the station 1 is the start time of the downlink transmission of the station 1, and the beacon frame of the system may be integrated in time or by the system.
  • the interval is the start value of the cell; the downlink duration of Site 1 is also the length of time in units of time or in the beacon frame interval in the system. If the AP does not allocate uplink or downlink transmission time for a certain station in the group, the corresponding parameter is set to zero.
  • the group of sites may be a group of service applications, operators, access network sequences, or site identification numbers of the stations, and the group identifiers pre-assigned by each group may be included in the radio frame.
  • one or more stations in the group are allocated downlink transmission time, so the radio frame should also include a list of stations and a list of site identifiers, or a site bitmap, in FIG.
  • the radio frame is illustrated by including a station bitmap.
  • Each bit of the station bitmap corresponds to a station, and the value of the bit is 0 or 1 to indicate whether each station allocates a downlink transmission time. .
  • the downlink transmission start time and the downlink transmission duration allocated to itself are read.
  • Step 22 After receiving the radio frame, the station determines that the radio frame has a downlink transmission time and an uplink transmission time allocated to itself, and then receives the downlink transmission time according to the corresponding parameter; when there is data to be sent, the downlink reception is performed. After entering, it does not go to sleep. When the uplink transmission time arrives, it starts to compete for the channel; when there is no pending data, it goes to sleep.
  • the uplink transmission time When the uplink transmission time is competitive to the transmission opportunity, it can be transmitted until the uplink transmission Long end, if there is no competition to send the opportunity, then go to sleep until the end of the uplink transmission time, waiting for a fixed interframe space, receive the next broadcast radio frame.
  • the station may enter the sleep state, and wait until a fixed inter-frame interval after the end of the allocated uplink transmission time. After that, the next broadcast radio frame is received.
  • the frame sequence diagram of the foregoing operation process may refer to FIG. 5.
  • the stations in the one group are each assigned a downlink transmission time, sharing an uplink transmission time, and when a site in a group needs to be sent.
  • the channel is contending during the shared uplink transmission time, and a transmission opportunity is obtained.
  • the radio frame sent by the AP is a radio frame including access parameters of multiple groups of stations.
  • Step 31 The AP sends a radio frame in a broadcast manner, and allocates a downlink transmission time and an uplink transmission time to the multiple groups of stations.
  • the parameter carried by the radio frame includes at least one of the following: group identity information and/or site identifier information of the site, a downlink transmission start time, a downlink transmission duration, an uplink transmission start time, and an uplink transmission duration.
  • the radio frame specifically includes: a message type identifier, a group number, a group identifier information list, a group 1 downlink start offset, a group 1 downlink duration, a group n downlink start Offset, group n downlink duration, group 1 uplink start offset, group 1 uplink duration... group n uplink start offset, group n uplink duration.
  • the role of the message type identifier is to enable the receiving end to identify the frame format of the received radio frame; the number of groups indicates how many groups are allocated the downlink transmission time and the uplink transmission time; each group has a downlink start offset and a downlink transmission. Duration (downstream duration), uplink start offset, and uplink transmission duration (uplink duration). If the AP does not allocate uplink or downlink transmission time for a group, the corresponding parameters Set to zero.
  • the group of sites may be a grouping according to a service application, an operator, an access network sequence, or a site identification number of the site.
  • Each packet is pre-assigned a group identity, which can be included in the radio frame.
  • Step 32 After receiving the foregoing radio frame, the station determines that the downlink transmission time and the uplink transmission time allocated to the group to which the radio frame belongs are received in the downlink transmission time according to the corresponding parameter; when there is data to be sent, After the downlink reception is completed, it does not enter the sleep state, and the competition channel starts when the uplink transmission time of the group in which it is located arrives; when there is no data to be sent, it enters the sleep state.
  • the transmission may be performed until the uplink transmission duration ends. If there is no competition to the transmission opportunity, the sleep is entered until the uplink transmission time ends, waiting for a fixed interframe interval, and then receiving One of the above broadcast radio frames, where an indication of whether there is a next broadcast radio frame is also included in the current radio frame.
  • the station may enter the sleep, and wait until the allocated uplink transmission time ends, waiting for a fixed After the interframe interval, the next broadcast radio frame is received.
  • the radio frame includes multiple sets of access parameters at a time, and the stations in each group share one downlink transmission time and uplink. Transmission time, when a station in a group needs to send data, it competes for the channel in the uplink transmission time of its own group, and obtains the transmission opportunity.
  • the radio frame sent by the AP is a radio frame that includes access parameters of multiple groups of stations, and the fourth embodiment is different from the third embodiment in that the parameter of the downlink transmission time is wireless in the fourth embodiment.
  • a radio frame with a respective downlink transmission time is allocated for one or more stations in each group of stations.
  • the downlink transmission time is to allocate respective downlink transmission times for one or more stations in each group of stations.
  • the parameters carried by the radio frame include at least one of the following: group identification information and/or station identification information of the station, downlink transmission start time, downlink transmission duration, uplink transmission start time, and uplink transmission duration.
  • the radio frame specifically includes: a message type identifier, a group number, a group identifier information list, a group 1 station bitmap, a group 1 station 1 downlink start offset, and a group 1 Station 1 downlink duration... group n station bitmap, group n station 1 downlink start offset, group n station 1 downlink duration... group 1 uplink start offset, group 1 uplink duration... group n uplink start offset, group n Upstream duration.
  • the role of the message type identifier is to enable the receiving end to identify the frame format of the received radio frame; the number of groups indicates how many groups are allocated the downlink transmission time and the uplink transmission time.
  • one or more stations in each group are allocated downlink transmission time, so the radio frame should also include a list of stations and a site identifier list, or a site bitmap, in FIG.
  • the radio frame is illustrated by including a station bitmap.
  • Each bit of the station bitmap corresponds to a station, and the value of the bit is 0 or 1 to indicate whether each station allocates a downlink transmission time. .
  • the downlink transmission start time and the downlink transmission duration allocated to itself are read.
  • an uplink transmission time is allocated for each group.
  • Step 42 After receiving the radio frame, the station determines that the radio frame has a downlink transmission time and an uplink transmission time allocated to itself, and then receives the downlink transmission time according to the corresponding parameter; when there is data to be sent, After the downlink reception is completed, it does not enter sleep, and the active channel starts to arrive when the uplink transmission time arrives; when there is no pending data, it goes to sleep.
  • the uplink transmission time When the uplink transmission time is competitive to the transmission opportunity, it can be transmitted until the uplink transmission Long end, if there is no competition to send the opportunity, then go to sleep until the end of the uplink transmission time, waiting for a fixed interframe space, receive the next broadcast radio frame.
  • the station may enter the sleep state, and wait until a fixed inter-frame interval after the end of the allocated uplink transmission time. After that, the next broadcast radio frame is received.
  • the frame sequence diagram of the foregoing operation process may refer to FIG. 9.
  • the radio frame includes multiple sets of access parameters at a time, and each of the stations in each group is assigned a downlink transmission time. Sharing an uplink transmission time; When a station in a group needs to send data, it competes for the channel in the uplink transmission time of its own group, and obtains a transmission opportunity.
  • the AP transmits a radio frame including access parameters of one or more groups of stations in a broadcast manner.
  • the access parameters of the N group sites are included in the radio frame.
  • the downlink transmission time and the uplink transmission time may be allocated to all the N groups of sites, and the access parameters of the N groups of stations included in the radio frame are: group 1 identification information and/or group identification information in group 1 and group 1 downlink transmission start Time and downlink transmission duration and uplink transmission start time and uplink transmission duration; Group 2 identification information and/or group 2 intra-site identification information and group 2 downlink transmission start time and downlink transmission duration and group 2 uplink transmission start time and uplink transmission duration ...group N identification information and/or group identification information within group N and group N downlink transmission start time and downlink transmission duration and group N uplink transmission start time and uplink transmission duration.
  • only one downlink transmission start time and downlink transmission duration may be allocated to any one or more of the N groups of stations, or only the uplink transmission start time and the uplink transmission duration may be allocated.
  • group 1 and group 2 only allocate downlink transmission time (downlink transmission start time and downlink transmission duration), and the remaining group sites are allocated downlink transmission time and uplink transmission time; or, group N station group 1 And group 2 only allocates the uplink transmission time (the uplink transmission start time and the uplink transmission duration), and the remaining group sites are allocated the downlink transmission time and the uplink transmission time.
  • group 1 only allocates downlink transmission time (downlink transmission start time and downlink transmission duration)
  • group 2 only allocates uplink transmission time (uplink transmission start time and uplink transmission duration)
  • the remaining group sites are The downlink transmission time and the uplink transmission time are allocated.
  • the downlink transmission time and the uplink transmission time may not be allocated for any one or more of the N groups of stations.
  • the corresponding access parameters include only the group identification information and/or the station identification information of the station.
  • the station After receiving the radio frame, the station determines that the radio frame has a downlink transmission time and an uplink transmission time allocated to itself, and then receives the downlink transmission time according to the corresponding parameter; when there is data to be sent, the uplink transmission time When it arrived, it began to compete for the channel.
  • the station After receiving the above radio frame, the station determines that the downlink transmission time and the uplink transmission time are not allocated to itself, and may enter sleep until the end of the allocated uplink transmission time, waiting for a fixed interframe interval, and receiving the next one.
  • the above broadcast radio frame After receiving the above radio frame, the station determines that the downlink transmission time and the uplink transmission time are not allocated to itself, and may enter sleep until the end of the allocated uplink transmission time, waiting for a fixed interframe interval, and receiving the next one.
  • the above broadcast radio frame After receiving the above radio frame, the station determines that the downlink transmission time and the uplink transmission time are not allocated to itself, and may enter sleep until the end of the allocated uplink transmission time, waiting for a fixed interframe interval, and receiving the next one.
  • the AP sends a beacon frame (Beacon) or a short message frame, which carries a group of group identification information, a group bitmap in the group, and an uplink transmission start time and an uplink transmission duration of the group. Then, the stations in the group according to their own order in the bitmap, and a fixed, or pre-negotiated time slot length, to start uplink transmission in the EDCA mode when the time slot arrives, and transmit the PS-Poll. Frame or trigger frame trigger frame. The transmission duration of all stations in the group does not exceed the uplink transmission duration of the group.
  • Beacon Beacon
  • a short message frame which carries a group of group identification information, a group bitmap in the group, and an uplink transmission start time and an uplink transmission duration of the group.
  • the AP sends a radio frame carrying the group identification information, the station identification information (bit map), the downlink transmission start time, and the downlink transmission duration of the station that has previously received its PS-Poll frame. Then, according to the sequence of the bitmap, and the fixed or pre-negotiated time slot length, the station ensures that the swell state is received when its own time slot arrives, and receives the downlink data sent by the AP.
  • the AP sends a radio frame, where the access parameters of one or more groups of stations are carried: the group identification information and/or the station identification information of the station, and the uplink start time and the uplink transmission duration, after the station receives the radio frame, When the corresponding uplink transmission time starts, the EDCA method is used. Line transfer.
  • the access mechanism used by the station is DCF or EDCA in the allocated downlink transmission time and/or uplink transmission time.
  • FIG. 1 a schematic diagram of a sequence of frames.
  • the present invention also provides a system for implementing the above method for accessing a wireless channel.
  • the structure of the system is shown in FIG. 10, including: an access site and a plurality of sites;
  • the access station is configured to send a radio frame that includes at least one set of site access parameters, where the site is configured to receive the radio frame, and is included in the at least one group of sites, when When transmitting data, according to the access parameters of the group site, the contention method is used for data transmission in the uplink transmission time in the access parameter.
  • the station is further configured to receive the radio frame, and is included in the at least one group of sites.
  • the site or the group site in the access parameter Entering a dormant state outside the downlink transmission time; and further configured to: when receiving the radio frame, and not included in the at least one group of sites, in a downlink transmission time and an uplink transmission time in the access parameter , enters the sleep state.
  • the station is further configured to determine, according to the group identification information and/or the site identification information of the site in the access parameter, whether it is included in the at least one group of sites.
  • the access parameters of the group of stations include: group identification information of the station and/or site identification information, and a downlink transmission start time and a downlink transmission duration; or
  • the access parameters of a group of sites include: group identity information and/or site identity information of the site, and uplink transmission start time and uplink transmission duration; or
  • the access parameters of a group of sites include: group identity information and/or site identity information of the site, and downlink transmission start time and downlink transmission duration, and uplink transmission start time and uplink transmission duration; or
  • the access parameters of a group of sites include: group identification information and/or site identification information of the site.
  • the station is specifically configured to use a random backoff and a CSMA/CA mechanism to compete for a channel when the uplink transmission start time of the access parameter arrives when there is data to be transmitted; when the channel is contending, The time for transmitting data and occupying the channel does not exceed the uplink transmission duration of the access parameter, and after the data is transmitted, the sleep state is entered.
  • the station is further configured to: when there is data to be sent, and the channel is not successfully contending, after the station data of the station that is competing to the channel is sent, the uplink transmission time of the group of stations is not yet At the end, continue to compete for the channel and send data until the uplink transmission time of the group is over.

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Abstract

本发明公开了一种无线信道接入方法和系统，包括：接入站点发送包含有至少一组站点的接入参数的无线帧；站点接收到无线帧、且站点包含在至少一组站点中，当存在待发送数据时，站点根据本组站点的接入参数，在接入参数中的上行传输时间内采用竞争方式进行数据发送。通过本发明，够在保证站点低功耗的同时，降低系统开销。

Description

种无线信道接入方法及系统 技术领域
本发明涉及无线通信领域， 尤其涉及一种无线信道接入方法及系统。 背景技术
当前， 在无线网络领域， 无线局域网 （WLAN , Wireless Local Area
Networks )快速发展， 全球的 WLAN覆盖需求日益增长。 电气和电子工程 师协会工业规范 IEEE802. i l工作组先后定义了 802.11a, 802.11b, 802.11g 等一系列 WLAN技术标准， 随后陆续出现了其他任务组， 致力于发展涉及 现有 802.11技术改进的规范， 例如， 802.11 ah任务组主要针对 1 GHz频段 以下免许可频段的资源进行利用， 用于支持智能电网， 传感器网络， 蜂窝 网负载分担等新的网络应用。
802.11 中， 站点 （Station, STA )分为接入站点 （Access Point, AP ) 和非接入站点 （ non-AP Station, non-AP STA )。 一个 AP以及与 AP关联的 多个 non-AP STA组成了一个基本服务集（ Basic Service Set, BSS )。 802.11 定义了两种基本接入机制： 分布式协调功能 （ Distributed Coordination Function, DCF )和点协调功能 （ Point Coordination Function, PCF ), 还定 义了基于这两种模式的改进： 增强型分布式协调访问功能 （Enhanced Distributed Channel Access , EDCA ) 和混合协调功能控制信道访问功能
Figure imgf000003_0001
, HCCA )。 其中， DCF是最基本的接入机制， 利用随机回退（Backoff )和带有冲突避免的载 波侦听多路访问 ( Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Avoidance, CSMA/CA )机制使多个站点共享无线信道。 EDCA和 HCCA支持 QoS站 点的信道接入， 其中， EDCA利用随机回退和 CSMA/CA机制， 使多个不 同优先级队列共享无线信道， 并预约一个传输机会 （ Transmission Opportunity, TXOP )。 HCCA是指，在受控接入阶段（ Controlled Access Phase, CAP ), AP通过等待比非 AP站点更短的时间获得控制权， 并用轮询无线帧 ( CF-Poll )进行轮询，当某个 non-AP STA被轮询到后，即授予该 non-AP STA 一个 TXOP。
现有的 WLAN系统支持站点进行省电模式操作， 即交替工作在清醒状 态 （awake state ) 和休 Θ民状态 (doze state)„ 如省电多点轮询 ( Power Save Multi-Poll, PSMP )机制是通过 AP广播一个 PSMP帧， 为每个 non-AP STA 定义其下行传输时间 （AP向 non-AP STA发送）和上行传输时间 （non-AP STA向 AP发送）， non-AP STA在为自己定义的下行传输时间接收， 在上行 传输时间发送。 在不接收或者不发送的时候， non-AP STA可以进入休眠状 态。 后文中， 为了表述方便， 将 non-AP STA简称为站点。
目前， 多数传感器都釆用电池供电或者无人监守的方式工作， 这需要 802.11ah 的站点能够支持省电性能， 最好能够维持几个月、 甚至数年的使 用时间。传统省电机制的做法即是釆用上述的 PSMP机制，通过发送 PSMP 帧分别为每个站点调度下行传输时间和上行传输时间， 使得站点交替工作 在清醒状态和休眠状态， 来达到省电的目的。 但是 802.11ah的应用场景， 如智能抄表系统， 环境监测站点， 智能家居系统等等的一大特点就是海量 站点， 该方法对于站点数量是传统 AP下站点数量几十倍的 802.11ah系统 来说，信令开销将会非常庞大。 而且，一个 AP下可能同时关联着超过 6000 个站点， 这么多站点同时接入信道会引起大量碰撞， 导致接入时延增长。 发明内容
有鉴于此， 本发明的主要目的在于提供一种无线信道接入方法及系统， 能够在保证站点低功耗的同时， 降低系统开销。
为达到上述目的， 本发明的技术方案是这样实现的： 一种无线信道接入方法， 所述方法包括：
接入站点发送包含有至少一组站点的接入参数的无线帧；
站点接收到所述无线帧、 且所述站点包含在所述至少一组站点中， 当 存在待发送数据时， 所述站点根据本组站点的接入参数， 在接入参数中的 上行传输时间内釆用竟争方式进行数据发送。
进一步地， 所述方法还包括：
站点接收到所述无线帧， 且所述站点包含在所述至少一组站点中， 当 不存在待发送数据时， 在所述接入参数中的本站点或本组站点的下行传输 时间之外进入休眠状态；
站点接收到所述无线帧、 且所述站点不包含在所述至少一组站点中时， 在所述接入参数中的下行传输时间和上行传输时间内， 进入休眠状态。
进一步地， 所述站点接收到所述无线帧之后， 所述方法还包括： 所述站点根据所述接入参数中的站点的组标识信息和 /或站点标识信 息， 判断自身是否包含在所述至少一组站点中。
其中， 一组站点的接入参数包括： 站点的组标识信息和 /或站点标识 信息和下行传输开始时刻和下行传输时长； 或者，
一组站点的接入参数包括： 站点的组标识信息和 /或站点标识信息和 上行传输开始时刻和上行传输时长； 或者，
一组站点的接入参数包括： 站点的组标识信息和 /或站点标识信息和 下行传输开始时刻和下行传输时长和上行传输开始时刻和上行传输时 长； 或者，
一组站点的接入参数包括： 站点的组标识信息和 /或站点标识信息。 其中， 所述根据本组站点的接入参数， 在接入参数的上行传输时间内 釆用竟争方式进行数据发送为：
所述存在待发送数据的站点在接入参数的上行传输开始时刻到达时， 釆用随机回退和带有冲突避免的载波侦听多路访问 CSMA/CA机制竟争信 道；
竟争到信道的站点进行数据的发送， 且所述站点占用信道的时间不超 过所述接入参数的上行传输时长。
进一步地， 所述方法还包括：
当所述竟争到信道的站点数据发送完毕后， 进入休眠状态；
当所述本组站点的上行传输时间还未结束时， 本组站点中存在待发送 数据的站点继续竟争信道， 进行数据发送， 直到本组站点的上行传输时间 结束。
一种无线信道接入系统， 所述系统包括： 接入站点和多个站点； 其中， 所述接入站点， 用于发送包含有至少一组站点的接入参数的无线帧； 所述站点， 用于接收到所述无线帧、 且自身包含在所述至少一组站点 中， 当存在待发送数据时， 根据本组站点的接入参数， 在接入参数中的上 行传输时间内釆用竟争方式进行数据发送。
进一步地， 所述站点， 还用于接收到所述无线帧、 且自身包含在所述 至少一组站点中， 当不存在待发送数据时， 在接入参数中的本站点或本组 站点的下行传输时间之外进入休眠状态； 还用于接收到所述无线帧、 且自 身不包含在所述至少一组站点中时， 在所述接入参数中的下行传输时间和 上行传输时间内， 进入休眠状态。
进一步地， 所述站点， 还用于根据所述接入参数中的站点的组标识信 息和 /或站点标识信息， 判断自身是否包含在所述至少一组站点中。
其中， 一组站点的接入参数包括： 站点的组标识信息和 /或站点标识 信息和下行传输开始时刻和下行传输时长； 或者，
一组站点的接入参数包括： 站点的组标识信息和 /或站点标识信息和 上行传输开始时刻和上行传输时长； 或者， 一组站点的接入参数包括： 站点的组标识信息和 /或站点标识信息和 下行传输开始时刻和下行传输时长和上行传输开始时刻和上行传输时 长； 或者，
一组站点的接入参数包括： 站点的组标识信息和 /或站点标识信息。 其中， 所述站点， 具体用于当存在待发送数据时， 在接入参数的上行 传输开始时刻到达时， 釆用随机回退和 CSMA/CA机制竟争信道； 当竟争 到信道时， 进行数据发送、 且占用信道的时间不超过所述接入参数的上行 传输时长， 数据发送完毕后， 进入休眠状态。
进一步地， 所述站点， 还用于当存在待发送数据、 且未竟争到信道时， 在所述竟争到信道的站点数据发送完毕后， 且所述本组站点的上行传输时 间还未结束时， 继续竟争信道， 进行数据发送， 直到本组站点的上行传输 时间结束。
本发明中接入站点发送包含有至少一组站点接入参数的无线帧， 使得 站点在调度给自身的上行传输时间内通过竟争方式接入信道， 进行数据发 送， 能够在保证站点低功耗的同时， 降低为各个站点发送上行传输时间参 数的系统开销， 达到省电、 延长电池使用时间的目的。 附图说明
图 1为本发明无线信道接入方法的实现流程示意图；
图 2为本发明无线信道接入方法实施例一的无线帧包含的参数示意图； 图 3为本发明无线信道接入方法实施例一的帧序列示意图；
图 4为本发明无线信道接入方法实施例二的无线帧包含的参数示意图； 图 5为本发明无线信道接入方法实施例二的帧序列示意图；
图 6为本发明无线信道接入方法实施例三的无线帧包含的参数示意图； 图 7为本发明无线信道接入方法实施例三的帧序列示意图；
图 8为本发明无线信道接入方法实施例四的无线帧包含的参数示意图； 图 9为本发明无线信道接入方法实施例四的帧序列示意图； 图 10为本发明无线信道接入方法实施例五的帧序列示意图；
图 11为本发明无线信道接入系统的结构示意图。 具体实施方式
本发明的基本思想为： 接入站点发送包含有至少一组站点接入参数的 无线帧； 站点接收到所述无线帧、 且所述站点包含在所述至少一组站点中， 当存在待发送数据时， 所述站点根据本组站点的接入参数， 在接入参数中 的上行传输时间内釆用竟争方式进行数据发送。
为使本发明的目的、 技术方案和优点更加清楚明白， 以下举实施例并 参照附图， 对本发明进一步详细说明。
图 1示出了本发明无线信道接入方法的实现流程， 如图 1所示， 所述 方法包括下述步骤：
步骤 101 , 接入站点发送包含有至少一组站点的接入参数的无线帧； 这里， 接入站点发送一个无线帧， 所述无线帧包含有一组或多组站点 的接入参数； 其中， 所述一组或多组站点是指， 根据站点的业务应用、 运 营商、 接入网顺序、 或者站点标识编号进行的分组； 优选地， 所述接入站 点可以以广播方式发送所述无线帧。
其中， 一组站点的接入参数所包含的内容有以下几种情况：
一组站点的接入参数包括： 站点的组标识信息和 /或站点标识信息和下 行传输开始时刻和下行传输时长；
或者，
一组站点的接入参数包括： 站点的组标识信息和 /或站点标识信息和上 行传输开始时刻和上行传输时长；
或者，
一组站点的接入参数包括： 站点的组标识信息和 /或站点标识信息和下 行传输开始时刻和下行传输时长和上行传输开始时刻和上行传输时长。 其中， 下行传输开始时刻和下行传输时长可以统称为下行传输时间； 上行传输开始时刻和上行传输时长可以统称为上行传输时间。
步骤 102, 站点接收到所述无线帧、且所述站点包含在所述至少一组站 点中， 当存在待发送数据时， 所述站点根据本组站点的接入参数， 在接入 参数中的上行传输时间内釆用竟争方式进行数据发送；
本步骤中， 在所述站点接收到所述无线帧之后， 还包括： 所述站点根 据所述无线帧携带的接入参数中的站点的组标识信息和 /或站点标识信息， 判断自身是否包含在所述至少一组站点中； 具体为， 当所述站点所属的组 标识信息和 /或自身的站点标识信息与所述接入参数中的站点的组标识信息 和 /或站点标识信息相同时， 则所述站点包含在所述至少一组站点中， 否则， 所述站点不包含在所述至少一组站点中。
另外， 所述方法还包括： 站点接收到所述无线帧， 且所述站点包含在 所述至少一组站点中， 当不存在待发送数据时， 在接入参数中的本站点或 本组站点的下行传输时间之外进入休眠状态；
当站点接收到所述无线帧、 且所述站点不包含在所述至少一组站点中 时， 在所述接入参数中的下行传输时间和上行传输时间内， 进入休眠状态。
具体地， 包含在所述至少一组站点中的站点存在待发送数据时， 在所 述接入参数的上行传输开始时刻到达时， 釆用随机回退和 CSMA/CA机制 竟争信道； 当竟争到信道时， 进行数据的发送， 且所述站点占用信道的时 间不超过所述接入参数的上行传输时长。
进一步地， 当所述竟争到信道的站点数据发送完毕后， 可以进入休眠 状态； 且此时若所述本组站点的上行传输时间还未结束时， 包含在所述本 组站点中的其他存在待发送数据的站点可以继续竟争信道， 进行数据发送， 直到本组站点的上行传输时间结束。 下面通过具体实施例对本发明提供的无线信道接入方法进行详细说 明， 本发明具体实施例中， 接入站点具体可以为 AP, 所述站点特指 non-AP STA。
实施例一
所述实施例一中， AP发送的无线帧为包括一组站点的接入参数的无线 帧。
步骤 11 , AP釆用广播方式发送一个无线帧， 为一组站点分配下行传输 时间和上行传输时间；
其中， 该无线帧携带的接入参数包括以下至少之一： 站点的组标识信 息和 /或站点标识信息、 下行传输开始时刻、 下行传输时长、 上行传输开始 时刻、 上行传输时长。
具体地， 上述无线帧包含的参数可以参照图 2, 所述无线帧具体包括： 消息类型标识、 组标识信息、 下行开始偏移、 下行传输时长、 上行开始偏 移以及上行传输时长。 其中， 消息类型标识的作用是使接收端能够识别接 收到的无线帧的帧格式； 下行开始偏移即下行传输开始时刻， 可以是以时 间为单位或以系统中的信标帧间隔为单位的起点值； 下行传输时长也是以 时间为单位或者以系统中的信标帧间隔为单位的时间长度。如果 AP没有为 该组分配上行或者下行传输时间， 则相应的参数设置为零。
这里， 所述一组站点可以是 居站点的业务应用、 运营商、 接入网顺 序、 或者站点标识编号进行的分组。 每个分组预先分配一个组标识， 该组 标识将包含在无线帧中。
本实施例中， 还可以在无线帧中通过携带站点数量和站点标识列表， 或者一个站点比特图来指示一组站点， 其中， 比特图中的每个比特与该 AP 下的一个站点相对应， 可以通过比特取值为 0或 1来表示每个站点是否分 配了下行传输时间或上行传输时间。 步骤 12, 站点收到上述无线帧后， 判断其中有分配给自己所属的组的 下行传输时间和上行传输时间， 则按照相应参数， 在下行传输时间进行接 收； 当自身有待发数据， 在下行接收完毕后不进入休眠， 在上行传输时刻 到来时竟争信道； 当没有待发数据则进入休眠。
在上行传输时刻竟争到发送机会， 则可以进行发送， 直到上行传输时 长结束， 如果没有竟争到发送机会， 则进入休眠， 直到上行传输时刻结束， 等待一个固定的帧间间隔后， 接收下一个上述广播无线帧， 这里， 是否会 有下一个广播无线帧的指示也会包含在当前无线帧中。
本步骤中还包括站点收到上述无线帧后， 判断没有分配给自己所属的 组的下行传输时间和上行传输时间， 则可以进入休眠， 直到本次分配的上 行传输时间结束后， 等待一个固定的帧间间隔后， 接收下一个上述广播无 线帧。
具体地， 上述操作过程的帧序列示意图可参考图 3 , 由图 3可以看出， 所述一个组中的站点共享一个下行传输时间和上行传输时间， 当一个组内 的站点需要发送数据时， 在所述共享的上行传输时间内竟争信道， 获得发 送机会。
实施例二
所述实施例二中， AP发送的无线帧为包括一组站点的接入参数的无线 帧， 实施例二与实施例一的不同之处在于， 关于下行传输时间的参数， 实 施例二中的无线帧是为一组站点中的一个或多个站点分别分配了各自的下 行传输时间的无线帧。
步骤 21 , AP釆用广播方式发送一个无线帧， 为一组站点分配下行传输 时间和上行传输时间；
其中， 下行传输时间是为一组站点中的一个或多个站点分别分配各自 下行传输时间。 该无线帧携带的接入参数包括以下至少之一： 站点的组标 识信息和 /或站点标识信息、 下行传输开始时刻、 下行传输时长、 上行传输 开始时刻、 上行传输时长。
具体地， 上述无线帧包含的参数可以参照图 4, 所述无线帧具体包括： 消息类型标识、 组标识信息、 站点比特图、 站点 1 下行开始偏移、 站点 1 下行持续时间…站点 n下行开始偏移、 站点 n下行持续时间、上行开始偏移 以及上行持续时间。 其中， 消息类型标识的作用是使接收端能够识别接收 到的无线帧的帧格式； 站点 1下行开始偏移即站点 1下行传输开始时刻， 可以是以时间为单位或系统综合那个的信标帧间隔为单元的起点值；站点 1 下行持续时间也是以时间为单位或者以系统中的信标帧间隔为单位的时间 长度。如果 AP没有为该组的某一站点分配上行或者下行传输时间， 则相应 的参数设置为零。
这里， 所述一组站点可以是 居站点的业务应用、 运营商、 接入网顺 序、 或者站点标识编号进行的分组， 每个分组预先分配的组标识可以包含 在无线帧中。
其中， 所述实施例二中为该组中的一个或多个站点分配了下行传输时 间， 因此所述无线帧中还应当包含有站点数量和站点标识列表， 或者是站 点比特图， 图 4 中的无线帧是以包含有站点比特图进行的示意， 所述站点 比特图的每个比特与一个站点相对应， 可以通过比特的取值为 0或 1来表 示每个站点是否分配了下行传输时间。 对于分配了下行传输时间的站点， 读取分配给自身的下行传输开始时刻和下行传输时长。
步骤 22, 站点收到上述无线帧后， 判断所述无线帧中有分配给自己的 下行传输时间和上行传输时间， 则按照相应参数， 在下行传输时间进行接 收； 当有待发数据， 在下行接收完毕后不进入休眠， 在上行传输时刻到来 时开始竟争信道； 当没有待发数据则进入休眠。
在上行传输时刻竟争到发送机会， 则可以进行发送， 直到上行传输时 长结束， 如果没有竟争到发送机会， 则进入休眠， 直到上行传输时刻结束， 等待一个固定的帧间间隔后， 接收下一个上述广播无线帧。
本步骤中还包括站点收到上述无线帧后， 判断没有分配给自己的下行 传输时间和上行传输时间， 则可以进入休眠， 直到本次分配的上行传输时 间结束后， 等待一个固定的帧间间隔后， 接收下一个上述广播无线帧。
具体地， 上述操作过程的帧序列示意图可参考图 5 , 由图 5可以看出， 所述一个组中的站点各自分配有下行传输时间， 共享一个上行传输时间， 当一个组内的站点需要发送数据时， 在所述共享的上行传输时间内竟争信 道， 获得发送机会。
实施例三
所述实施例三中， AP发送的无线帧为包括多组站点的接入参数的无线 帧。
步骤 31 , AP釆用广播方式发送一个无线帧， 为多组站点分配下行传输 时间和上行传输时间；
其中， 该无线帧携带的参数包括以下至少之一： 站点的组标识信息和 / 或站点标识信息、 下行传输开始时刻、 下行传输时长、 上行传输开始时刻、 上行传输时长。
具体地， 上述无线帧包含的参数可以参照图 6, 所述无线帧具体包括： 消息类型标识、 组数量、 组标识信息列表、 组 1下行开始偏移、 组 1下行 持续时间…组 n下行开始偏移、 组 n下行持续时间、 组 1上行开始偏移、 组 1上行持续时间…组 n上行开始偏移、 组 n上行持续时间。 其中， 消息类型 标识的作用是使接收端能够识别接收到的无线帧的帧格式； 组数量表示为 多少个组分配了下行传输时间和上行传输时间； 每组都有下行开始偏移、 下行传输时长（下行持续时间）、 上行开始偏移、 上行传输时长（上行持续 时间）。 如果 AP没有为某一组分配上行或者下行传输时间， 则相应的参数 设置为零。
其中， 所述一组站点可以是根据站点的业务应用、 运营商、 接入网顺 序、 或者站点标识编号进行的分组。 每个分组预先分配一个组标识， 所述 组标识可以包含在无线帧中。
步骤 32, 站点收到上述无线帧后， 判断所述无线帧中有分配给自己所 属的组的下行传输时间和上行传输时间， 则按照相应参数， 在下行传输时 间进行接收； 当有待发数据， 在下行接收完毕后不进入休眠， 在自身所在 的组的上行传输时刻到来时开始竟争信道； 当没有待发数据则进入休眠。
在上行传输时刻竟争到发送机会， 则可以进行发送， 直到上行传输时 长结束， 如果没有竟争到发送机会， 则进入休眠， 直到上行传输时刻结束， 等待一个固定的帧间间隔后， 接收下一个上述广播无线帧， 这里， 是否有 下一个广播无线帧的指示也会包含在当前无线帧中。
本步骤中还包括站点收到上述无线帧后， 判断没有分配给自己所属的 组的下行传输时间和上行传输时间， 则可以进入休眠， 直到本次分配的上 行传输时间结束后， 等待一个固定的帧间间隔后， 接收下一个上述广播无 线帧。
具体地， 上述操作过程的帧序列示意可参考图 7, 由图 7可以看出， 无 线帧一次包含有多个组的接入参数， 所述每个组中的站点共享一个下行传 输时间和上行传输时间， 当某一组内的站点需要发送数据时， 在自身所在 组的上行传输时间内竟争信道， 获得发送机会。
实施例四
所述实施例四中， AP发送的无线帧为包括多组站点的接入参数的无线 帧， 实施例四与实施例三的不同之处在于， 关于下行传输时间的参数， 实 施例四中无线帧中是为每组站点中的一个或多个站点分别分配了各自的下 行传输时间的无线帧。 步骤 41 , AP釆用广播方式发送一个无线帧， 为多组站点分配下行传输 时间和上行传输时间；
其中， 下行传输时间是为每组站点中的一个或多个站点分别分配各自 下行传输时间。 该无线帧携带的参数包括以下至少之一： 站点的组标识信 息和 /或站点标识信息、 下行传输开始时刻、 下行传输时长、 上行传输开始 时刻、 上行传输时长。
具体地， 上述无线帧包含的参数可以参照图 8, 所述无线帧具体包括： 消息类型标识、 组数量、 组标识信息列表、 组 1站点比特图、 组 1站 点 1下行开始偏移、组 1站点 1下行持续时间…组 n站点比特图、组 n站点 1下行开始偏移、 组 n站点 1下行持续时间…组 1上行开始偏移、 组 1上行 持续时间…组 n上行开始偏移、 组 n上行持续时间。 其中， 消息类型标识的 作用是使接收端能够识别接收到的无线帧的帧格式； 组数量表示为多少个 组分配了下行传输时间和上行传输时间。
其中， 所述实施例四中为每组中的一个或多个站点分配了下行传输时 间， 因此所述无线帧中还应当包含有站点数量和站点标识列表， 或者是站 点比特图， 图 8 中的无线帧是以包含有站点比特图进行的示意， 所述站点 比特图的每个比特与一个站点相对应， 可以通过比特的取值为 0或 1来表 示每个站点是否分配了下行传输时间。 对于分配了下行传输时间的站点， 读取分配给自身的下行传输开始时刻和下行传输时长。 另外， 为每组分配 了上行传输时间。
步骤 42, 站点收到上述无线帧后， 判断所述无线帧中有分配给自己的 下行传输时间和上行传输时间， 则按照相应参数， 在自身的下行传输时间 进行接收； 当有待发数据， 在下行接收完毕后不进入休眠， 在上行传输时 刻到来时开始竟争信道； 当没有待发数据则进入休眠。
在上行传输时刻竟争到发送机会， 则可以进行发送， 直到上行传输时 长结束， 如果没有竟争到发送机会， 则进入休眠， 直到上行传输时刻结束， 等待一个固定的帧间间隔后， 接收下一个上述广播无线帧。
本步骤中还包括站点收到上述无线帧后， 判断没有分配给自己的下行 传输时间和上行传输时间， 则可以进入休眠， 直到本次分配的上行传输时 间结束后， 等待一个固定的帧间间隔后， 接收下一个上述广播无线帧。
具体地， 上述操作过程的帧序列示意图可参考图 9, 由图 9可以看出， 无线帧一次包含有多个组的接入参数， 所述每个组中的站点各自分配有下 行传输时间， 共享一个上行传输时间； 当某一组内的站点需要发送数据时， 在自身所在组的上行传输时间内竟争信道， 获得发送机会。
实施例五
实施例五中， AP釆用广播方式发送包括一组或多组站点的接入参数的 无线帧。 该在实施例中， 假设无线帧中包含了 N个组站点的接入参数。
可以为这 N组站点全部分配下行传输时间和上行传输时间， 则该无线 帧包含的 N组站点的接入参数为： 组 1标识信息和 /或组 1内站点标识信息 和组 1 下行传输开始时刻和下行传输时长和上行传输开始时刻和上行传输 时长； 组 2标识信息和 /或组 2内站点标识信息和组 2下行传输开始时刻和 下行传输时长和组 2上行传输开始时刻和上行传输时长…组 N标识信息和 / 或组 N内站点标识信息和组 N下行传输开始时刻和下行传输时长和组 N上 行传输开始时刻和上行传输时长。
本发明实施例中， 还可以对 N组站点中的任意一组或多组仅分配下行 传输开始时刻和下行传输时长， 或者仅分配上行传输开始时刻和上行传输 时长。 例如， N组站点中组 1和组 2仅分配了下行传输时间 （下行传输开 始时刻和下行传输时长）， 剩余组站点均分配了下行传输时间和上行传输时 间； 或者， N组站点中组 1和组 2仅分配了上行传输时间 （上行传输开始 时刻和上行传输时长）， 剩余组站点均分配了下行传输时间和上行传输时 间； 或者， N组站点中组 1仅分配了下行传输时间 （下行传输开始时刻和 下行传输时长）、 组 2仅分配了上行传输时间 （上行传输开始时刻和上行传 输时长 ), 剩余组站点均分配了下行传输时间和上行传输时间。
特别地， 还可以针对 N组站点中的任意一组或多组不分配下行传输时 间和上行传输时间， 此时， 对应的接入参数仅包括站点的组标识信息和 /或 站点标识信息。
站点收到上述无线帧后， 确定所述无线帧中有分配给自己的下行传输 时间和上行传输时间， 则按照相应参数， 在自身的下行传输时间进行接收； 当有待发数据， 在上行传输时刻到来时开始竟争信道。
站点收到上述无线帧后， 确定没有分配给自己的下行传输时间和上行 传输时间， 则可以进入休眠， 直到本次分配的上行传输时间结束后， 等待 一个固定的帧间间隔后， 接收下一个上述广播无线帧。
例如， AP发送信标帧 （Beacon )或者短信标帧， 其中携带某组的组标 识信息， 组内站点比特图， 该组的上行传输开始时刻和上行传输时长。 则 该组内的站点根据自己在比特图中的顺序， 以及一个固定的、 或者预先协 商的时隙长度， 以此在自己的时隙到达时开始釆用 EDCA方式进行上行传 输， 传输 PS-Poll帧或者触发帧 trigger frame。 而该组所有站点的传输时长 不超过该组上行传输时长。
AP发送无线帧， 其中携带之前收到了其 PS-Poll帧的站点的组标识信 息、 站点标识信息（比特图）， 下行传输开始时刻和下行传输时长。 则站点 根据比特图顺序， 以及固定的、 或者预先协商的时隙长度， 确保在自己的 时隙到达时为清醒状态， 接收 AP发送的下行数据。
AP发送无线帧， 其中携带一组或多组站点的接入参数： 站点的组标识 信息和 /或站点标识信息以及上行开始时刻和上行传输时长， 则上述站点收 到该无线帧后， 在自己对应的上行传输时刻开始时釆用 EDCA方式进行上 行传输。
本发明实施例中， 在分配的下行传输时间和 /或上行传输时间内， 站点 所釆用的接入机制为 DCF或者 EDCA。
具体地， 帧序列示意图可参考图 10。
本发明还提供了一种实现上述无线信道接入方法的系统， 所述系统的 结构参见图 10, 包括： 接入站点和多个站点； 其中，
所述接入站点， 用于发送包含有至少一组站点接入参数的无线帧； 所述站点， 用于接收到所述无线帧、 且自身包含在所述至少一组站点 中， 当存在待发送数据时， 根据本组站点的接入参数， 在接入参数中的上 行传输时间内釆用竟争方式进行数据发送。
进一步地， 所述站点， 还用于接收到所述无线帧、 且自身包含在所述 至少一组站点中， 当不存在待发送数据时， 在接入参数中的本站点或本组 站点的下行传输时间之外进入休眠状态； 还用于接收到所述无线帧、 且自 身不包含在所述至少一组站点中时， 在所述接入参数中的下行传输时间和 上行传输时间内， 进入休眠状态。
进一步地， 所述站点， 还用于根据所述接入参数中的站点的组标识信 息和 /或站点标识信息， 判断自身是否包含在所述至少一组站点中。
进一步地， 一组站点的接入参数包括： 站点的组标识信息和 /或站点 标识信息和下行传输开始时刻和下行传输时长； 或者，
一组站点的接入参数包括： 站点的组标识信息和 /或站点标识信息和 上行传输开始时刻和上行传输时长； 或者，
一组站点的接入参数包括： 站点的组标识信息和 /或站点标识信息和 下行传输开始时刻和下行传输时长和上行传输开始时刻和上行传输时 长； 或者，
一组站点的接入参数包括： 站点的组标识信息和 /或站点标识信息。 进一步地， 所述站点， 具体用于当存在待发送数据时， 在接入参数的 上行传输开始时刻到达时， 釆用随机回退和 CSMA/CA机制竟争信道； 当 竟争到信道时， 进行数据发送、 且占用信道的时间不超过所述接入参数的 上行传输时长， 数据发送完毕后， 进入休眠状态。
进一步地， 所述站点， 还用于当存在待发送数据、 且未竟争到信道时， 在所述竟争到信道的站点数据发送完毕后， 且所述本组站点的上行传输时 间还未结束时， 继续竟争信道， 进行数据发送， 直到本组站点的上行传输 时间结束。
以上所述， 仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已， 并非用于限定本发明的保 护范围。

Claims

权利要求书
1、 一种无线信道接入方法， 其特征在于， 所述方法包括： 接入站点发送包含有至少一组站点的接入参数的无线帧；
站点接收到所述无线帧、 且所述站点包含在所述至少一组站点中， 当存在待发送数据时， 所述站点根据本组站点的接入参数， 在接入参数 中的上行传输时间内釆用竟争方式进行数据发送。
2、 根据权利要求 1所述的方法， 其特征在于， 所述方法还包括： 站点接收到所述无线帧， 且所述站点包含在所述至少一组站点中， 当不存在待发送数据时， 在所述接入参数中的本站点或本组站点的下行 传输时间之外进入休眠状态；
站点接收到所述无线帧、 且所述站点不包含在所述至少一组站点中 时， 在所述接入参数中的下行传输时间和上行传输时间内， 进入休眠状 态。
3、 根据权利要求 1或 2所述的方法， 其特征在于， 所述站点接收到 所述无线帧之后， 所述方法还包括：
所述站点根据所述接入参数中的站点的组标识信息和 /或站点标识信 息， 判断自身是否包含在所述至少一组站点中。
4、 根据权利要求 1所述的方法， 其特征在于，
一组站点的接入参数包括： 站点的组标识信息和 /或站点标识信息和 下行传输开始时刻和下行传输时长； 或者，
一组站点的接入参数包括： 站点的组标识信息和 /或站点标识信息和 上行传输开始时刻和上行传输时长； 或者，
一组站点的接入参数包括： 站点的组标识信息和 /或站点标识信息和 下行传输开始时刻和下行传输时长和上行传输开始时刻和上行传输时 长 或者, 一组站点的接入参数包括： 站点的组标识信息和 /或站点标识信息。
5、 根据权利要求 1所述的方法， 其特征在于， 所述根据本组站点的 接入参数， 在接入参数的上行传输时间内釆用竟争方式进行数据发送为： 所述存在待发送数据的站点在接入参数的上行传输开始时刻到达 时， 釆用随机回退和带有冲突避免的载波侦听多路访问 CSMA/CA机制 竟争信道；
竟争到信道的站点进行数据的发送， 且所述站点占用信道的时间不 超过所述接入参数的上行传输时长。
6、 根据权利要求 5所述的方法， 其特征在于， 所述方法还包括： 当所述竟争到信道的站点数据发送完毕后， 进入休眠状态； 当所述本组站点的上行传输时间还未结束时， 本组站点中存在待发 送数据的站点继续竟争信道， 进行数据发送， 直到本组站点的上行传输 时间结束。
7、 一种无线信道接入系统， 其特征在于， 所述系统包括： 接入站点 和多个站点； 其中，
所述接入站点， 用于发送包含有至少一组站点的接入参数的无线帧； 所述站点， 用于接收到所述无线帧、 且自身包含在所述至少一组站 点中， 当存在待发送数据时， 根据本组站点的接入参数， 在接入参数中 的上行传输时间内釆用竟争方式进行数据发送。
8、 根据权利要求 7所述的系统， 其特征在于， 所述站点， 还用于接 收到所述无线帧、 且自身包含在所述至少一组站点中， 当不存在待发送 数据时， 在接入参数中的本站点或本组站点的下行传输时间之外进入休 眠状态； 还用于接收到所述无线帧、 且自身不包含在所述至少一组站点 中时， 在所述接入参数中的下行传输时间和上行传输时间内， 进入休眠 状态。
9、 根据权利要求 7或 8所述的系统， 其特征在于， 所述站点， 还用 于根据所述接入参数中的站点的组标识信息和 /或站点标识信息， 判断自 身是否包含在所述至少一组站点中。
10、 根据权利要求 7 所述的系统， 其特征在于， 一组站点的接入参 数包括： 站点的组标识信息和 /或站点标识信息和下行传输开始时刻和下 行传输时长； 或者，
一组站点的接入参数包括： 站点的组标识信息和 /或站点标识信息和 上行传输开始时刻和上行传输时长； 或者，
一组站点的接入参数包括： 站点的组标识信息和 /或站点标识信息和 下行传输开始时刻和下行传输时长和上行传输开始时刻和上行传输时 长； 或者，
一组站点的接入参数包括： 站点的组标识信息和 /或站点标识信息。
11、 根据权利要求 7所述的系统， 其特征在于， 所述站点， 具体用于 当存在待发送数据时， 在接入参数的上行传输开始时刻到达时， 釆用随 机回退和 CSMA/CA机制竟争信道； 当竟争到信道时， 进行数据发送、 且占用信道的时间不超过所述接入参数的上行传输时长， 数据发送完毕 后， 进入休眠状态。
12、 根据权利要求 11所述的系统， 其特征在于， 所述站点， 还用于 当存在待发送数据、 且未竟争到信道时， 在所述竟争到信道的站点数据 发送完毕后， 且所述本组站点的上行传输时间还未结束时， 继续竟争信 道， 进行数据发送， 直到本组站点的上行传输时间结束。
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