WO2013067669A1 - Procédé de préparation de la zidovudine et d'un intermédiaire de celle-ci - Google Patents

Procédé de préparation de la zidovudine et d'un intermédiaire de celle-ci Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2013067669A1
WO2013067669A1 PCT/CN2011/081866 CN2011081866W WO2013067669A1 WO 2013067669 A1 WO2013067669 A1 WO 2013067669A1 CN 2011081866 W CN2011081866 W CN 2011081866W WO 2013067669 A1 WO2013067669 A1 WO 2013067669A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
reaction
formula
trityl
compound
group
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2011/081866
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English (en)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
李金亮
赵楠
刘澍
程风华
熊玉友
周春峰
Original Assignee
上海迪赛诺药业有限公司
上海迪赛诺化学制药有限公司
江苏普信药物发展有限公司
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Publication date
Application filed by 上海迪赛诺药业有限公司, 上海迪赛诺化学制药有限公司, 江苏普信药物发展有限公司 filed Critical 上海迪赛诺药业有限公司
Priority to PCT/CN2011/081866 priority Critical patent/WO2013067669A1/fr
Priority to CN201180002516.4A priority patent/CN103201278B/zh
Publication of WO2013067669A1 publication Critical patent/WO2013067669A1/fr

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07H—SUGARS; DERIVATIVES THEREOF; NUCLEOSIDES; NUCLEOTIDES; NUCLEIC ACIDS
    • C07H19/00—Compounds containing a hetero ring sharing one ring hetero atom with a saccharide radical; Nucleosides; Mononucleotides; Anhydro-derivatives thereof
    • C07H19/02—Compounds containing a hetero ring sharing one ring hetero atom with a saccharide radical; Nucleosides; Mononucleotides; Anhydro-derivatives thereof sharing nitrogen
    • C07H19/04—Heterocyclic radicals containing only nitrogen atoms as ring hetero atom
    • C07H19/06—Pyrimidine radicals
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D405/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing both one or more hetero rings having oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, and one or more rings having nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom
    • C07D405/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing both one or more hetero rings having oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, and one or more rings having nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom containing two hetero rings
    • C07D405/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing both one or more hetero rings having oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, and one or more rings having nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom containing two hetero rings directly linked by a ring-member-to-ring-member bond
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
    • Y02P20/50—Improvements relating to the production of bulk chemicals
    • Y02P20/55—Design of synthesis routes, e.g. reducing the use of auxiliary or protecting groups

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the technical field of medicinal chemistry, and in particular relates to a method for preparing zidovudine and an intermediate for preparing zidovudine. Background technique
  • Zidovudine is the world's first anti-AIDS drug approved by the US FDA. Because of its exact efficacy, it is the most basic combination of "cocktail" therapy. To date, zidovudine remains one of the first choices for the treatment of AIDS in many developing countries. Its structural formula is as follows: The current method for producing zidovudine is mainly the route disclosed by US Pat. No. 5,214,442:
  • This by-product makes the purification of zidovudine products difficult and the total yield is difficult to improve.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide an intermediate for the preparation of zidovudine.
  • a novel method of preparing zidovudine is provided, the method comprising the steps of:
  • X is a halogen, preferably chlorine or bromine
  • Is a hydroxy protecting group preferably a fluorenyl group or a C 3 -6 fluorenylcarbonyl group, more preferably a trityl group, a pivaloyl group or a trimethylpropionyl group;
  • P 2 is a decylsulfonyl group, a fluorinated d 4 fluorenylsulfonyl group, an arylsulfonyl group or a -CS-R, wherein R is a d 4 fluorenyl group; preferably a methylsulfonyl group, a trifluoromethanesulfonyl group, a p-toluene group Sulfonyl or -CS-R, wherein R is methyl.
  • the compound of the formula (VI) can be directly subjected to the next reaction without separation to achieve a two-pot one-pot frying process.
  • the compound of the formula (I) and the compound of the formula (VI) can be directly subjected to the next reaction without isolation, thereby realizing a three-and-one-pot frying process.
  • 5'-trityl- 2'-haloththymidine is methanesulfonylated at the 3'-position to give 5'-trityl-3'-methanesulfonyl-2'-halothymidine;
  • the reaction temperature of the step 1) is 20-80 ° C, preferably 40-70 ° C; and the reaction solvent is a basic organic solvent, preferably pyridine.
  • the reaction reagent of the step 2) is methanesulfonyl chloride; the reaction temperature is 0-5 ° C, and the reaction solvent is a halogenated hydrocarbon solvent, preferably dichloromethane.
  • the alkaline condition described in the step 3) is selected from the group consisting of an alkali metal/DMSO, an alcohol solution of sodium alkoxide or potassium alkoxide, an alcohol solution of sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide, sodium carbonate, potassium carbonate or lithium carbonate.
  • the reaction solvent is an alcohol solvent, preferably methanol or ethanol
  • the reaction temperature is 20-80 ° C, preferably 50-70
  • the hydrogenation dehydrogenation reagent of the step 4) is Raney nickel/triethylamine and hydrogen, and the reaction temperature is 20-60 ° C, preferably 30-50 ° C; the reaction solvent is an alcohol solvent, preferably methanol. .
  • the reaction reagent of the step 5) is an azide, preferably lithium azide, or sodium azide, or sodium azide/anhydrous lithium chloride/ammonium chloride, and the reaction solvent is DMF;
  • the temperature is 60-120 ° C, preferably 80-110 ° C.
  • the acidic condition described in the step 6) is selected from the group consisting of aqueous hydrochloric acid, aqueous sulfuric acid or acetic acid, p-toluenesulfonic acid, preferably aqueous hydrochloric acid or p-toluenesulfonic acid;
  • the reaction solvent is an alcohol solvent, preferably methanol; It is 10-50 ° C, preferably 25-40 ° C.
  • the reaction temperature of the step 1) is 20-80 ° C;
  • the reaction solvent is a basic organic solvent;
  • the reaction reagent of the step 2) is methanesulfonyl chloride; 0-5 ° C, the reaction solvent is a halogenated hydrocarbon solvent;
  • the basic conditions described in step 3) are selected from the group consisting of alkali metal / DMSO, sodium alcohol or potassium alcohol solution, sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide alcohol solution , aqueous solution of sodium carbonate, potassium carbonate or lithium carbonate, aqueous sodium methanesulfonate solution, aqueous sodium p-toluenesulfonate solution, triethylamine or DBU;
  • reaction solvent is an alcohol solvent;
  • reaction temperature is 20-80 ° C;
  • the hydrogenation dehydrogenation reagent is Raney nickel/triethylamine and hydrogen, the reaction temperature is 20-60 ° C ;
  • the reaction solvent is an alcohol solvent;
  • the reaction temperature is 60-120 ° C; and the acidic condition described in the step 6) is selected from the aqueous solution of hydrochloric acid, aqueous sulfuric acid or acetic acid or p-toluenesulfonic acid; the reaction solvent is an alcohol solvent; the reaction temperature is 10-50 ° C .
  • the reaction temperature of the step 1) is 40-70. C;
  • the reaction solvent is pyridine;
  • the reaction reagent of the step 2) is methanesulfonyl chloride;
  • the reaction temperature is 0-5 ° C, the reaction solvent is methylene chloride;
  • the basic condition described in the step 3) is selected from the group consisting of sodium carbonate An aqueous solution of potassium carbonate or lithium carbonate;
  • the reaction solvent is methanol or ethanol;
  • the reaction temperature is 50-70 ° C ;
  • the hydrogenation dehydrogenation reagent of step 4) is Raney nickel / triethylamine and hydrogen,
  • the reaction temperature is 30-50 ° C ;
  • the reaction solvent is methanol;
  • the reaction reagent of step 5) is lithium azide, or sodium azide / anhydrous lithium chloride / ammonium chloride, and the molar between the three
  • the ratio is 2-3: 0.8-1.2: 1, the reaction solvent is DMF; the
  • X is a halogen, preferably chlorine or bromine; It is a hydroxy protecting group, preferably a fluorenyl group or a C 3 -6 fluorenylcarbonyl group, more preferably a trityl group, a pivaloyl group or a trimethylpropionyl group.
  • X is chlorine or bromine
  • Pi is trityl, pivaloyl or trimethylpropanoyl.
  • X is chlorine or bromine
  • P1 is trityl or pivaloyl
  • X is a halogen, preferably chlorine or bromine;
  • I is a hydroxy protecting group, preferably a fluorenyl group or a C 3 -6 fluorenylcarbonyl group, more preferably a trityl group, a pivaloyl group or a trimethylpropionyl group;
  • P 2 is a fluorenylsulfonyl group, a fluorinated d 4 ⁇ group Sulfonyl, arylsulfonyl or -CS-R, Wherein R is d 4 fluorenyl; preferably methanesulfonyl, trifluoromethanesulfonyl, p-toluenesulfonyl or -CS-R, wherein R is methyl.
  • X is chlorine or bromine
  • Pi is trityl, pivaloyl or trimethylpropanoyl
  • P 2 is methylsulfonyl or p-toluenesulfonyl.
  • X is halogen, preferably chlorine or bromine; It is a hydroxy protecting group, preferably a fluorenyl group or a C 3 -6 fluorenylcarbonyl group, more preferably a trityl group, a pivaloyl group or a trimethylpropionyl group.
  • X is chlorine or bromine; is trityl, pivaloyl or trimethylpropanoyl.
  • X is chlorine or bromine
  • P1 is trityl or pivaloyl.
  • the method of the invention can avoid the production of the 3',5'-dihydroxy protecting agent, thereby greatly improving the total yield of zidovudine, and at the same time, the refining process of the product is simplified due to the large reduction of impurities. It is easier to increase the purity.
  • the technical features of each of the preferred technical solutions and the more preferred technical solutions may be combined with each other to form a new technical solution unless otherwise stated. For the sake of brevity, the applicant has omitted a detailed description of these combinations in the specification, however, all technical solutions combined with these technical features should be considered in a clear manner.
  • A/B as used in the specification and claims means that both A and B are present.
  • palladium carbon/sodium acetate means the simultaneous presence of palladium carbon and sodium acetate
  • alkali metal/DMSO means simultaneous use of alkali metal and DMSO.
  • Lithium azide, or sodium azide/anhydrous lithium chloride/ammonium chloride means lithium azide, or both sodium azide, anhydrous lithium chloride and ammonium chloride.
  • Ronkon/triethylamine means the simultaneous use of Raney nickel and triethylamine.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • Biotechnology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Genetics & Genomics (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Saccharide Compounds (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé de préparation de la zidovudine (C). Le procédé comprend les étapes suivantes : 1) de la 2'-halothymidine (B) est utilisée comme matière première pour obtenir un composé de formule (I) par protection du groupe hydroxyle de celle-ci en position 5'; 2) le composé de formule (I) est soumis à l'acylation du groupe hydroxyle en position 3' pour obtenir un composé de formule (VI); 3) le composé de formule (VI) est soumis à une réaction d'élimination pour obtenir un composé de formule (VII); 4) le composé de formule (VII) est déshalogéné pour obtenir un composé de formule (IV); 5) le composé de formule (IV) est soumis à une réaction d'azidation pour obtenir un composé de formule (V); et 6) le composé de formule (V) est déprotégé pour obtenir de la zidovudine (C), le schéma réactionnel spécifique étant représentée dans la formule (A), où : X est un halogène, P1 est un groupe protecteur pour hydroxyle; et P2 représente alkyl en C1-C4-sulfonyle, fluoro-alkyl en C1-C4-sulfonyle, arylsulfonyle ou -CS-R, où R représente alkyle en C1-C4.
PCT/CN2011/081866 2011-11-07 2011-11-07 Procédé de préparation de la zidovudine et d'un intermédiaire de celle-ci WO2013067669A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/CN2011/081866 WO2013067669A1 (fr) 2011-11-07 2011-11-07 Procédé de préparation de la zidovudine et d'un intermédiaire de celle-ci
CN201180002516.4A CN103201278B (zh) 2011-11-07 2011-11-07 制备齐多夫定及其中间体的方法

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/CN2011/081866 WO2013067669A1 (fr) 2011-11-07 2011-11-07 Procédé de préparation de la zidovudine et d'un intermédiaire de celle-ci

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WO2013067669A1 true WO2013067669A1 (fr) 2013-05-16

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105713059A (zh) * 2016-01-05 2016-06-29 浙江朗华制药有限公司 一种利用微通道反应器合成齐多夫定叠氮中间体的方法
CN113461759A (zh) * 2021-07-02 2021-10-01 华东理工大学 基于连续流微反应技术合成齐多夫定叠氮化中间体的方法

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4914233A (en) * 1988-03-01 1990-04-03 Ethyl Corporation Synthesis of beta-thymidine
FR2653771B1 (fr) * 1989-10-27 1994-09-23 Univ Paris Curie Procede de preparation de l'azt (azido-3'-desoxy-3'-thymidine) et de composes apparentes.
CN101190934B (zh) * 2006-11-27 2010-12-15 上海迪赛诺化学制药有限公司 相转移法制备齐多夫定叠氮中间体的方法
CN101376667B (zh) * 2007-08-27 2011-01-12 上海迪赛诺医药发展有限公司 一种合成齐多夫定的中间体及其制备方法和该中间体在合成齐多夫定中的应用

Non-Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
CHEN, BANG-CHI ET AL.: "A new Synthesis of the Anti-AIDS Drug AZT from 5-Methyluridine", TETRAHEDRON LETTERS, vol. 36, no. 44, 1995, pages 7961 - 7964, XP055067155 *
HUANG, JAI-TUNG ET AL.: "Fluorinated Sugar Analogues of Potential Anti-HIV-1 Nucleosides", JOURNAL OF MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY, vol. 34, no. 5, 1991, pages 1640 - 1646, XP002970744 *

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105713059A (zh) * 2016-01-05 2016-06-29 浙江朗华制药有限公司 一种利用微通道反应器合成齐多夫定叠氮中间体的方法
CN113461759A (zh) * 2021-07-02 2021-10-01 华东理工大学 基于连续流微反应技术合成齐多夫定叠氮化中间体的方法

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CN103201278A (zh) 2013-07-10

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