WO2013063980A1 - 一种串补火花间隙的密封间隙 - Google Patents

一种串补火花间隙的密封间隙 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2013063980A1
WO2013063980A1 PCT/CN2012/081063 CN2012081063W WO2013063980A1 WO 2013063980 A1 WO2013063980 A1 WO 2013063980A1 CN 2012081063 W CN2012081063 W CN 2012081063W WO 2013063980 A1 WO2013063980 A1 WO 2013063980A1
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Prior art keywords
gap
spark
series
seal gap
electrode
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PCT/CN2012/081063
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
董勤晓
刘之方
屈凯峰
李国富
陈没
周玮
沈海滨
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China Electric Power Research Institute Co Ltd CEPRI
State Grid Corp of China SGCC
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China Electric Power Research Institute Co Ltd CEPRI
State Grid Corp of China SGCC
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Publication of WO2013063980A1 publication Critical patent/WO2013063980A1/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01T—SPARK GAPS; OVERVOLTAGE ARRESTERS USING SPARK GAPS; SPARKING PLUGS; CORONA DEVICES; GENERATING IONS TO BE INTRODUCED INTO NON-ENCLOSED GASES
    • H01T1/00—Details of spark gaps
    • H01T1/20—Means for starting arc or facilitating ignition of spark gap
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01T—SPARK GAPS; OVERVOLTAGE ARRESTERS USING SPARK GAPS; SPARKING PLUGS; CORONA DEVICES; GENERATING IONS TO BE INTRODUCED INTO NON-ENCLOSED GASES
    • H01T2/00—Spark gaps comprising auxiliary triggering means
    • H01T2/02—Spark gaps comprising auxiliary triggering means comprising a trigger electrode or an auxiliary spark gap

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of power equipment technologies, and in particular, to a seal gap of a series compensation spark gap. Background technique
  • the spark gap occupies an important position in the series compensation equipment, and the sealing gap is a key component for the spark gap to be reliably triggered.
  • the spark gap in the prior art generally consists of two or even three gaps in series to form a gap system.
  • the gap trigger system issues a trigger command to trigger the seal gap discharge to discharge the spark gap.
  • the spark gap is bypassed by the capacitor bank, so it is necessary to ensure the reliability of the sealing gap to trigger the discharge.
  • the inventors have found through a lot of experimental research work that: only the ignition discharge on the electrode on the side of the sealing gap has a serious polarity effect, the ignition discharge voltage under one voltage polarity is very low, but under another polarity The ignition discharge is not only high in voltage but also large in delay.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a technical scheme for the ignition mode and structure of the seal gap of the series-compensated spark gap, which is a trigger ignition mode and a specific structure specially developed by the Sanbao series compensation and the sealing gap of the spark gap after the series compensation project.
  • the spark plug is directly mounted on the two electrodes of the gap, and when the gap discharge is required, the triggering control circuit simultaneously sends an ignition pulse to the spark plug to make the fire
  • the plug head discharges the surface of the sealing electrode, causing the sealing gap to break through, so that the spark gap can quickly bypass the series capacitor bank.
  • the present invention provides a seal gap for a series-compensated spark gap, wherein the spark gap is a gap system composed of a series of gaps, and a spark plug is disposed on the electrode of the seal gap.
  • the present invention provides a first preferred series compensation spark gap sealing gap, the seal gap being provided with a high pressure electrode and a low pressure electrode.
  • the present invention provides a second preferred series-compensated spark gap sealing gap, the high and low pressure electrodes being sealed in a porcelain sleeve or a composite insulating jacket.
  • the third preferred string-compensating spark gap sealing gap provided by the present invention is provided with a metal flange at both ends of the porcelain sleeve or composite insulating jacket.
  • the fourth preferred series compensation spark gap sealing gap is provided by the present invention, and the low voltage electrode and the high voltage electrode are respectively provided with spark plugs.
  • the fifth preferred series-compensated spark gap sealing gap provided by the present invention is formed by machining a spark plug of a spark-ignition internal combustion engine.
  • the sixth preferred series complement spark gap sealing gap provided by the present invention is mounted on the high and low pressure electrodes of the seal gap.
  • the seventh preferred series complement spark gap sealing gap provided by the present invention wherein the high and low voltage electrodes are respectively provided with an ignition transformer.
  • the eighth preferred series compensation spark gap sealing gap provided by the invention is that the ignition transformer is an insulated pulse voltage device; the high voltage end electrode spark plug is connected to the output of the high insulation pulse transformer, and the low voltage end electrode spark plug is connected to the output of the ordinary insulated pulse transformer.
  • a triggering device is mounted on both the low-voltage electrode and the high-voltage electrode of the sealing gap, wherein the triggering device on the low-voltage electrode is provided with ignition energy by a common insulating pulse transformer, and the triggering device on the high-voltage electrode is provided with ignition energy by a high-insulation pulse transformer.
  • the high sealing pressure gap and the low voltage electrode are sealed in the porcelain sleeve or the composite insulating jacket, so that the discharge voltage is not affected by the external air pressure, temperature and humidity.
  • the sealing gap can adjust the high and low voltage electrodes. The distance between them is used to set the required discharge voltage.
  • the present invention provides a series of complementary spark gap sealing gaps having the following advantages:
  • the discharge voltage of the sealing gap is not affected by the external air pressure, temperature and humidity
  • the sealing gap can trigger the spark gap accurately and quickly, and the discharge delay is greatly reduced.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic view of a spark plug provided by the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing the installation of the spark plug provided by the present invention on a high sealing gap and a low voltage electrode;
  • Fig. 1 1. High voltage electrode; 2. Low voltage electrode; 3. Electric spark; 4. Gap distance; 5. Spark plug; High insulation pulse transformer; 7, de-pulse circuit; 8, spark plug; 9, ordinary insulated pulse transformer; 10, de-pulse circuit;
  • Figure 3 is a schematic view showing the structure of the sealing gap provided by the present invention.
  • the sealing gap is high, and the trigger device (spark plug) of the low-voltage electrode is processed by the spark plug on the existing automobile.
  • the trigger device (spark plug) of the low-voltage electrode is processed by the spark plug on the existing automobile.
  • its function is to discharge the pulse high-voltage electric discharge from the high-voltage wire and break through the two electrodes of the spark plug.
  • the air is generated by the electric spark to induce the mixed gas in the gas cylinder.
  • the electrode of this spark plug is resistant to ablation, and the spark gap does not ignite frequently, so it can meet the requirements of use.
  • FIG. 2 See Figure 2 for the installation of the spark plug on the high and low pressure electrodes of the seal gap.
  • the ignition pulse current is simultaneously supplied to the two pulse transformers connected thereto, and the spark plug on the high and low voltage electrodes discharges the electrode to generate an electric spark.
  • the spark quickly ionizes the air between the two electrodes under the action of a stronger electric field, forming a discharge channel, discharging the sealing gap, thereby triggering the spark gap discharge.
  • High and low voltage electrodes are sealed in porcelain sleeves or composite insulation jackets. The sample can ensure that the discharge voltage of the sealing gap is not affected by the external environment.
  • Figure 3 is a schematic view showing the overall structure of the sealing gap.
  • the trigger device spark plug
  • the strong polarity effect makes the ignition-discharge voltage under the positive polarity much higher than the ignition-discharge voltage under the negative polarity, and the discharge delay under the positive polarity is long. This makes it difficult to ensure that the seal gap can trigger the spark gap accurately and quickly.
  • the polarity effect problem is solved, so that the reliable ignition discharge voltage of the gap reaches within 1/2 of the natural discharge voltage, and the discharge delay is greatly reduced. 5 ⁇ When the voltage is 1/2 times the natural discharge voltage, the discharge delay is within 0. 6ms. The sealing gap is not affected by the external environment.

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  • Spark Plugs (AREA)

Abstract

提供一种串补火花间隙的密封间隙，是火花间隙串联组成的间隙系统。在密封间隙的电极上设置火花塞。该密封间隙解决了点火方式下放电的极性效应问题，密封间隙的放电电压不会受到外界气压、温湿度等环境的影响，而且密封间隙能够准确快速地触发火花间隙，放电时延大大减小。

Description

一种串补火花间隙的密封间隙
技术领域 本发明涉及电力设备技术领域， 具体涉及一种串补火花间隙的密封间隙。 背景技术
本发明人在长期研发超高压交流输电线路串补成套设备中， 注意到火花间 隙在串补成套设备中占据重要地位， 而密封间隙是火花间隙可靠触发的关键部 件。
现有技术中的火花间隙一般由两个甚至三个间隙串联组成一个间隙系统， 需要火花间隙动作旁路串补电容器组时， 间隙触发系统发出触发命令， 触发密 封间隙放电， 使火花间隙放电， 从而使火花间隙旁路电容器组， 因此必须保证 密封间隙触发放电的可靠性。
本发明人通过大量的试验研究工作发现： 仅在密封间隙一侧的电极上点火 放电有较严重的极性效应， 一种电压极性下的点火放电电压很低， 但另一种极 性下的点火放电不仅电压高， 而且延时大。
另外发现在密封间隙的高、 低压电极上同时点火时， 这种极性效应随即消 除， 两个极性的可靠点火放电电压都很低， 从而确保火花间隙触发后放电的可 靠性。 发明内容
本发明的目的在于，提供一种串补火花间隙的密封间隙的点火方式和结构 的技术方案，是三堡串补及以后串补工程火花间隙用密封间隙专门研发的触发 点火方式和具体结构， 本发明提供的技术方案中， 在间隙的两个电极上直接安 装火花塞， 需要间隙放电时， 由触发控制电路同时向火花塞发点火脉冲， 使火 花塞芯棒头部对密封电极表面放电， 促使密封间隙击穿放电， 从而使火花间隙 能够快速旁路串补电容器组。
本发明提供一种串补火花间隙的密封间隙， 所述火花间隙为间隙串联组成 的间隙系统，所述密封间隙的电极上设置火花塞。
本发明提供的第一优选的串补火花间隙的密封间隙， 所述密封间隙设有高 压电极和低压电极。
本发明提供的第二优选的串补火花间隙的密封间隙， 所述高、 低压电极密 封在瓷套或复合绝缘外套中。
本发明提供的第三优选的串补火花间隙的密封间隙， 所述瓷套或复合绝缘 外套两端设有金属法兰。
本发明提供的第四优选的串补火花间隙的密封间隙， 所述低压电极和高压 电极上分别设有火花塞。
本发明提供的第五优选的串补火花间隙的密封间隙， 所述火花塞为火花点火 式内燃机的火花塞加工而成。
本发明提供的第六优选的串补火花间隙的密封间隙， 所述火花塞安装在密 封间隙的高、 低压电极上。
本发明提供的第七优选的串补火花间隙的密封间隙， 所述高、 低压电极分 别设有点火变压器。
本发明提供的第八优选的串补火花间隙的密封间隙， 所述点火变压器为绝 缘脉冲电压器； 高压端电极火花塞连接高绝缘脉冲变压器的输出， 低压端电极 火花塞连接普通绝缘脉冲变压器的输出。
在密封间隙的低压电极和高压电极上都安装触发装置， 其中低压电极上的 触发装置由普通绝缘脉冲变压器提供点火能量， 高压电极上的触发装置由高绝 缘脉冲变压器提供点火能量。 密封间隙的高、 低压电极密封在瓷套或复合绝缘 外套中， 这样其放电电压不会受到外界气压、 温湿度等环境的影响。 另外， 根 据不同串补工程的串补电容器组额定电压， 密封间隙可以调节高、 低压电极之 间的距离来整定所需的放电电压。
与现有技术相比， 本发明提供的一种串补火花间隙的密封间隙具有以下优 点：
1、 解决了密封间隙在点火方式下放电的极性效应问题；
2、 密封间隙的放电电压不会受到外界气压， 温湿度等环境的影响；
3、 密封间隙能够准确快速地触发火花间隙， 放电时延大大减小。 附图说明
图 1是： 本发明提供的火花塞示意图；
图 2是： 本发明提供的火花塞在密封间隙高、 低压电极上的安装示意图； 图中： 1、 高压电极； 2、 低压电极； 3、 电火花； 4、 间隙距离； 5、 火花塞； 6、 高绝缘脉冲变压器； 7、 去脉冲电路； 8、 火花塞； 9、 普通绝缘脉冲变压器； 10、 去脉冲电路；
图 3是： 本发明提供的密封间隙结构示意图；
图中： 1、 上法兰； 2、 瓷套或复合绝缘外套； 3、 下法兰。 具体实施方式
密封间隙高、 低压电极的触发装置 (火花塞)利用现有汽车上的火花塞加工 而成， 如图 1所示， 它的作用是把高压导线送来的脉冲高压电放电， 击穿火花 塞两电极间空气， 产生电火花以此引燃气缸内的混合气体。 这种火花塞的电极 耐烧蚀， 而且火花间隙不经常点火， 因此能够满足使用要求。
火花塞在密封间隙的高、低压电极上的安装情况见图 2。 当间隙的两个电极 之间存在一定的电压时， 通过向与之相连的两个脉冲变压器同时提供点火脉冲 电流， 高、 低压电极上的火花塞将对电极放电， 产生电火花， 这两个电火花在 较强电场作用下很快使两电极之间的空气电离， 形成放电通道， 使密封间隙放 电， 从而触发火花间隙放电。 高、 低压电极密封在瓷套或复合绝缘外套中， 这 样能保证密封间隙的放电电压不受外界环境的影响。 图 3是密封间隙总体结构 示意图。
只在密封间隙低压电极侧安装触发装置 （火花塞） 时， 强烈的极性效应使 得正极性下的点火放电电压远高于负极性下的点火放电电压， 而且正极性下的 放电时延很长， 这样很难保证密封间隙能够准确快速地触发火花间隙。
通过在高、 低压电极上都安装触发装置 （火花塞） 的方法， 解决了极性效 应问题， 使得间隙的可靠点火放电电压达到了自然放电电压的 1/2以内， 放电 时延大大减小， 在电压为 1/2倍自然放电电压时， 放电时延在 0. 6ms以内。 密 封间隙不受外界环境的影响。
以上具体实施方式仅用以说明本发明的技术方案而非对其限制， 尽管本领 域的技术人员阅读本申请后， 参照上述实施例对本发明进行种种修改或变更， 但这些修改和变更， 均在申请待批本发明的权利申请要求保护范围之内。

Claims

权 利 要 求
1. 一种串补火花间隙的密封间隙， 所述火花间隙为间隙串联组成的间隙系统，其特征在 于所述密封间隙的电极上设置火花塞。
2. 根据权利要求 1所述的- 种串补火花间隙的密封间隙， 其特征在于所述密封间隙设有 高压电极和低压电极。
3. 根据权利要求 2所述的- 种串补火花间隙的密封间隙， 其特征在于所述高、 低压电极 密封在瓷套或复合绝缘外套中。
4. 根据权利要求 3所述的- 种串补火花间隙的密封间隙， 其特征在于所述瓷套或复合绝 缘外套两端设有金属法兰。
5. 根据权利要求 1所述的- 种串补火花间隙的密封间隙， 其特征在于所述低压电极和高 压电极上分别设有火花塞。
6. 根据权利要求 5所述的- 种串补火花间隙的密封间隙， 其特征在于所述火花塞为火花 点火式内燃机的火花塞加工而成。
7. 根据权利要求 6所述的一种串补火花间隙的密封间隙， 其特征在于所述火花塞安装在 密封间隙的高、 低压电极上。
8. 根据权利要求 2所述的一种串补火花间隙的密封间隙， 其特征在于所述高、 低压电 极分别设有点火变压器。
9. 根据权利要求 8所述的一种串补火花间隙的密封间隙， 其特征在于所述点火变压器为 绝缘脉冲电压器； 高压端电极火花塞连接高绝缘脉冲变压器的输出， 低压端电极火花塞连接 普通绝缘脉冲变压器的输出。
PCT/CN2012/081063 2011-11-03 2012-09-06 一种串补火花间隙的密封间隙 Ceased WO2013063980A1 (zh)

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CN102386561A (zh) * 2011-11-03 2012-03-21 中国电力科学研究院 一种串补火花间隙的密封间隙
CN110649451A (zh) * 2019-09-29 2020-01-03 中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所 一种火花间隙开关
CN116087699B (zh) * 2022-10-20 2026-02-03 国网四川省电力公司电力科学研究院 多相调控的多端联控冲击发生器及脉冲点火系统和方法

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CN102386561A (zh) * 2011-11-03 2012-03-21 中国电力科学研究院 一种串补火花间隙的密封间隙
CN202423824U (zh) * 2011-11-03 2012-09-05 中国电力科学研究院 一种串补火花间隙的密封间隙装置

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CN86203041U (zh) * 1986-06-05 1987-01-07 中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所 火花隙开关

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CN2857282Y (zh) * 2005-08-31 2007-01-10 北京伏安电气公司 一种火花间隙的点火结构
CN102386561A (zh) * 2011-11-03 2012-03-21 中国电力科学研究院 一种串补火花间隙的密封间隙
CN202423824U (zh) * 2011-11-03 2012-09-05 中国电力科学研究院 一种串补火花间隙的密封间隙装置

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