WO2013062342A1

WO2013062342A1 - Convex outside rear view mirror using combined spherical and aspherical shape

Info

Publication number: WO2013062342A1
Application number: PCT/KR2012/008835
Authority: WO
Inventors: 조석원
Original assignee: Cho Seok Won
Priority date: 2011-10-27
Filing date: 2012-10-26
Publication date: 2013-05-02
Also published as: KR101221600B1

Abstract

The present invention relates to a convex outside rear view mirror for a vehicle, using a combined spherical and aspherical shape. The rear view mirror includes: a central spherical portion having a constant curvature, and an aspherical portion having a curvature that gradually decreases in circular symmetry to increase refracting power, with respect to a central point of the central spherical portion from a boundary of the central spherical portion to a periphery that is an outer circumferential edge. A central point of the central spherical portion is laterally and upwardly eccentric by a certain amount, with respect to a geometrically central point of the left, right, top, and bottom of the rear view mirror.

Description

Convex mirror outdoor rearview mirror combining spherical and aspherical shapes

The present invention is a convex mirror that combines spherical and aspherical shapes to eliminate the blind spots in the horizontal and vertical directions by using the optical position of the driver's position and light in the blind spots that are not visually sensed when driving and parking the vehicle. Relates to an outdoor rearview mirror.

Automotive outdoor rearview mirrors have been used as one of the most basic parts of automobiles for a long time in terms of parking of vehicles and securing side and rear visibility. One of the most demanding technologies for motorists is outdoor rear view mirrors that eliminate blind spots. The outdoor rear view mirror of an automobile is an essential device for driving a driver safely while driving a vehicle, and its role is to allow a driver to recognize a vehicle moving left, right, and rear when changing directions. It prevents contact accidents or collisions.

These outdoor rearview mirrors are equipped with a single rearview rearview mirror attached to the inside of the vehicle, and the outdoor rearview mirror of a flat or convex mirror suitable for the vehicle safety standard is installed on the driver's side and the front passenger's side on the outside of the vehicle to ensure safety when driving the vehicle. Deciding. These laws are partially amended according to the speed of technology development, but they are almost the same in each country.

The Korean automobile safety regulations required for such outdoor rearview mirrors stated that "interior rearview mirrors would be flat mirrors with a single magnification." In addition, if the outdoor rearview mirror is a convex mirror, "The average radius of curvature of the driver should be 120cm or more, and the difference in average curvature radius on the mirror should be 12.5% or less." In the case of installing a rearview mirror of a convex mirror, the passenger side said, "The average radius of curvature is not less than 89 cm (100 cm in the case of a children's transport vehicle) and less than 165 cm, and the difference between the radius of curvature and the average radius of curvature at each point is average. It should be less than 12.5 percent of the radius of curvature. "

It is also stated that "when there are two or more reflective surfaces with different curvatures in the same rearview mirror, one or more of these reflective surfaces must meet the curvature radius requirements of the shear."

Looking at the contents of the vehicle safety regulations, the shape of the mirror of the indoor rearview mirror and the outdoor rearview mirror has different conditions. In other words, the indoor rearview mirror is a flat mirror, which is a condition that the magnification is "the size of the object and the image reflected on the mirror", and in the case of the outdoor rearview mirror, the curvature of the driver's seat and the passenger's side is different, so You can see that the size is different.

That is, it can be seen that the size of the image reflected on the indoor rearview mirror and the outdoor rearview mirror are all different. The outdoor rearview mirror is reduced in optical characteristics by using a convex mirror to secure a wide field of view, so that the lower part of the convex mirror has a font size of 4.5 mm or more and 6.5 mm or less to indicate that "the object is closer than the mirror is seen." Make a mark.

When driving a vehicle equipped with a conventional outdoor rearview mirror, a driver frequently fails to check a vehicle that is close to the left and right sides of the vehicle, and a collision accident occurs frequently.In addition, an indoor rearview mirror and an outdoor rearview mirror are used to secure safety. Discomfort occurs to check alternately. In addition, the outdoor rearview mirror may cause aberration of distance and aberration of judgment due to the difference in image size due to different curvatures of left and right.

Therefore, the solution to the blind spot that is not reflected in the outdoor rearview mirror is a key task of improving the automotive industry. In order to solve this problem, in the method of manufacturing a convex mirror integrated vehicle mirror published on December 11, 2002 (Publication No. 10-2002-0092059), a small convex mirror is placed on the outer end of the outdoor rearview mirror. As a supplement to the blind spot, there is a problem in solving the sense of distance due to the difference in the size of the image projected from the convex mirror and the image projected from the other side.

In the case of "vehicle rearview mirror" (Patent Registration No. 10-0867439) registered on 06/06/2008, the rearview mirror is divided into five sections of upper and lower inner, upper and lower center and outer section. The technology for solving blind spots is provided by widening the viewing angle with different eccentricities and refractive indices.However, in the upper inner part, the eccentricity is "0" and the refractive index is "0" in the inner side from the inner side to the outer side. The problem is that the driver has a problem of creating a new blind spot on the inside of the rearview mirror when the driver adjusts the rearview mirror in the horizontal direction, and the technology that the refractive power is equal at the boundary of each compartment is theoretical and practical manufacturing. Awards are a very difficult technique. In addition, due to the processing characteristics of the glass in the manufacture of the rear mirror, the rise in the cost of the jig and the mold cost is expected to rise.

In the case of Japan's "Automotive Mirror" published on November 14, 1995 (Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 7-300045), most surfaces of the rear view mirror are formed by flat mirrors and gradually bend in horizontal and vertical directions to a part of the outer part. As a result, the technology of the aspherical convex mirror, which is finally reduced to form a curvature of about 500 mm, is provided, but when the driver adjusts the rear mirror in the horizontal direction, there is a problem of creating a new blind spot inside the rear mirror, In addition, there is provided a technology that helps to eliminate the blind spot when parking by forming the aspherical surface in the vertical direction, but the size of the image reflected on the end of the mirror is reduced due to the small curvature and there is a lot of image distortion.

In the case of Japan's "Wide-view Mirror with Wide Field of View" published on October 1, 2009 (Japanese Patent No. 2009-22079), an additional small curvature is added to the lower part of the mirror in the vertical direction to secure the view angle on the road surface. Although a technique of increasing the view of the side is provided, there is a problem that the image is reduced and distorted due to the increase in the curvature of the peripheral portion except the regular region. In addition, Japan's "outer mirror (three-way rearview mirror)" (Japanese Patent Publication No. 2004-237959), published on August 26, 2004, has a convex mirror that is projected in the outermost part of the mirror housing and the outermost of the housing. The inner part is provided with a concave mirror installed toward the driver's seat and a main mirror, and a convex mirror that is installed adjacent to the lower end of the main mirror to illuminate the rear provides a technology for the driver's convenience. The curvatures of convex and concave mirrors are different and the image size is different, which is likely to cause driver confusion.

In addition, in the case of the "mirror for side mirror" (Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 10-0610863) published on August 9, 2006, the curvature range of the driver is extended by giving different curvatures to the center and both ends of the reflector used as side mirrors. A technique for providing a reflecting mirror for side mirrors has been introduced, but this technique has been described in the above-mentioned "Automotive mirror" (Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 7-300045) and "Rear view mirror having a wide field of view" (Japanese Patent Publication No. 2009-22079). As a similar technique, the technique of eliminating horizontal blind spots is effective but does not solve the problem in the vertical direction.

[Preceding technical literature]

[Patent Documents]

(Patent Document 1) Korean Unexamined Patent Publication No. 10-2002-0092059

(Patent Document 2) Korean Registered Patent No. 10-0867439

(Patent Document 3) JP-A-7-300045

(Patent Document 4) Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2009-22079

(Patent Document 5) Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2004-237959

(Patent Document 6) Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 10-0610863

(Patent Document 7) Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 7-300045

(Patent Document 8) Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2009-22079

The present invention is to solve the problems of the prior art as described above, an object of the present invention is to provide an outdoor rearview mirror for a vehicle to solve the problem that the size of the image due to different curvature of the left and right of the rearview mirror is different.

In addition, another object of the present invention is to provide an outdoor rearview mirror for a vehicle that eliminates another blind spot generated when the driver adjusts the rearview mirror left, right, up, and down to solve the blind spot.

In addition, another object of the present invention is to provide an outdoor rearview mirror for a vehicle that solves a problem in a vertical blind spot according to a height of a driver's seat of a vehicle.

In addition, another object of the present invention is to provide an outdoor rearview mirror for a vehicle that eliminates the size and distortion of a common problem.

In order to achieve the above object, the convex lens outdoor rearview mirror that combines the shape of the spherical and the aspherical surface according to an embodiment of the present invention is an outdoor rearview mirror provided in the vehicle, the central spherical portion having a predetermined curvature; An aspherical surface having a curvature gradually reduced in curvature in a circular symmetry from the boundary surface of the central spherical portion to the outer circumferential edge thereof to increase the refractive power, and the center point of the central spherical portion includes the left and right geometric center points of the rear and rear mirrors; As a reference, it is eccentric by a certain amount in the left and right directions.

The central spherical portion preferably has a spherical shape having a curvature of 1,220 mm or more and a refractive power of 0.4 diopter or more.

In addition, the outer diameter of the spherical portion preferably has a spherical shape of 70% or more of the distance in the vertical direction with respect to the geometric center of the outdoor rearview mirror.

According to the present invention, the symmetrical and gradually curvature of the circular shape is gradually circumferentially centered on the central spherical portion having the same curvature of a predetermined size in the outdoor rearview mirror provided in the side mirror and the center spherical portion from the boundary surface to the outer peripheral edge of the central spherical portion. The aspherical surface portion is reduced to increase the refractive power, and the center of the central spherical portion and the geometric center of the rear mirror can be eccentric to solve the blind spots on the inner and outer sides of the rear mirror at the same time. The effect of preventing blind spots that occur according to the height of the driver's seat.

In addition, the spherical portion of the central spherical portion has a constant size to minimize spherical aberration, and the peripheral portion of the other portion forms an aspherical portion to solve the distortion phenomenon of the distortion of the image on the outer circumference of the outdoor rearview mirror using the aspherical optical characteristics. have.

In addition, the outdoor rearview mirror of the present invention, by applying a different radius of curvature of the conventional driver's seat and passenger's seat to improve the problem of the conventional rearview mirror that the size of the image is different, it is possible to apply the outdoor rearview mirror of the same curvature, the error of the size of the rear image There is another effect of getting rid of it.

In addition, the outdoor rearview mirror of the present invention has a circular symmetrical curvature with respect to the center portion of the spherical surface to eliminate another blind spot caused when the driver adjusts the rearview mirror left and right to secure the viewing angle. There is.

In addition, since the size of the side mirror is an important factor in solving the problem of noise and fuel economy of the vehicle, the size of the side mirror can be reduced when the outdoor rearview mirror of the present invention is applied, thereby reducing the noise and fuel efficiency of the vehicle. It has a different effect.

1 is a view showing a visible area and a blind spot area which are areas that a driver can grasp in a horizontal direction by a conventional side mirror;

2 is a view illustrating that a new blind spot occurs as a result of adjusting the angle of the mirror to compensate for the blind spot of the conventional side mirror;

3 illustrates an area of an improved visual area in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.

4 is a view showing a visible area and a blind spot area which are areas that a driver can grasp in the vertical direction by a side mirror attached to a conventional passenger vehicle.

5 is a view showing a visible area and a blind spot area which are areas that a driver can grasp in the vertical direction by a side mirror attached to a conventional commercial vehicle.

6 illustrates an area of an improved viewing area in the vertical direction of a passenger vehicle according to the invention.

7 illustrates an area of an improved viewing area in the vertical direction of a commercial vehicle according to the present invention; 7A is a side cutaway view of a mirror in accordance with the present invention

8 is a view for explaining the improvement of the blind spot in the horizontal direction according to the embodiment of the present invention.

9 is a view for explaining the improvement of the blind spot in the vertical direction according to the embodiment of the present invention.

10 is a view for explaining the principle of forming the spherical and aspherical surface of the outdoor rearview mirror of the present invention.

11 is a view for explaining the structure of the outdoor rearview mirror of a passenger vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention.

12 is a view for explaining the structure of the outdoor rearview mirror of a commercial vehicle according to the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 13 is a diagram for explaining distortion of an image formed on a lens; FIG.

14 is a view for explaining the principle that the light is refracted and the size and position of the image

The embodiments described below are provided to more fully explain the present invention to those skilled in the art.

First, in order to explain the present invention, a principle of generating a blind spot in a horizontal direction and a vertical direction of an outdoor rearview mirror will be described with reference to FIGS. 1, 2, and 8 by using a geometrical optical principle.

When the driver's position in FIG. 8 is referred to as DP, the driver sees the side mirror for observing the after-vehicle. When the driver views the side mirror, the light beam RII incident to the inner side of the outdoor rearview mirror 50 is in accordance with the law of light reflection. The driver sees a ray RIO with an exit angle α'1 equal to the angle of incidence α1 that forms the normal N-N 'at the point of incidence of RII. Further, the light ray ROI incident to the outside of the outdoor rearview mirror is similarly a light ray ROO having an emission angle α'0 equal to the angle of incidence αO formed by the normal line M-M 'at the point of incidence of the light ray ROI. The driver will see.

Accordingly, the driver sees the virtual image of the object incident through the outdoor rearview mirror 50 and the viewing angle visible to the driver is the angle formed by the light beam RII formed on the inner side of the rearview mirror and the light beam ROI formed on the outer side of the rearview mirror. Becomes

Since the outdoor rearview mirror 50 of the passenger seat is far from the driver's position DP, the incident angle of the light incident on the inside and the outside of the rearview mirror forms a larger angle than the driver's seat to have a wider viewing angle. Therefore, the angle which synthesize | combined the viewing angle which a driver's seat has and the viewing angle which a passenger's seat has becomes an actual viewing angle. In order to analyze the problem of the horizontal viewing angle can be described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2.

FIG. 1 is a view showing a visible area and a blind spot area which are areas that a driver can grasp in a horizontal direction by a conventional side mirror, and FIG. 2 is a view of adjusting a mirror angle to compensate for a blind spot of a conventional side mirror. Result The figure explains that a new blind spot occurs.

When such a viewing angle is geometrically constructed, the rear viewing angle becomes θVA as shown in FIG. 1, and the angle θBL and the passenger seat side of the driver's side excluding the viewing angle θVA based on the horizontal direction of the left and right sides of the conventional outdoor rearview mirror 60. The angle θBR becomes a blind spot that the driver cannot see.

Normally, the side mirror is attached at an angle of about 20 degrees before and after the driver's driving direction, and the manufacturer of the vehicle has the center of the top, bottom, left and right of the outdoor rearview mirror for the purpose of supplementing the blind spot and the driver's convenience. It aims for convenience by adjusting it vertically and horizontally.

However, as illustrated in FIG. 2, when the driver decreases the angles θL and θR of the outdoor rearview mirror 60 of the side mirror to secure the viewing angle of the vehicle approaching the side surface, the rearview mirrors of the driver's seat and the passenger's seat are adjusted. The viewing angle can be secured by the angle θ of the rearview mirror, and the viewing angle becomes θVL for the driver's seat and θVR for the passenger's seat. At this time, the viewing angles of the driver's seat and the passenger's seat are directed outward by the adjusted angle, so that a new blind spot θBL is generated in which the inner part of each rearview mirror cannot secure a view. Therefore, although the driver secures the viewing angle of the side of the vehicle, the inconvenience of repeatedly watching the interior rearview mirror occurs due to the occurrence of a new blind spot. In addition, the installation position of the conventional vehicle rearview mirror 60 for the vehicle, blind spots occur even when parking, depending on the height of the driver's seat of the vehicle and the axial distance of the front and rear wheels of the vehicle. This blind spot will be described with reference to FIGS. 4, 5, and 9. This blind spot can be described in FIG.

4 is a view showing a visible area and a blind spot area which are areas that the driver can grasp in the vertical direction by a side mirror attached to a conventional passenger vehicle, and FIG. 5 is a side mirror attached to a conventional commercial vehicle. Is a view showing a visible area and a blind spot area, which are areas that can be grasped in the vertical direction, and FIG. 9 is a view for explaining the improvement of the blind spot in the vertical direction according to the embodiment of the present invention.

In FIG. 9, when the driver's position is referred to as DP, the light beam RBI incident to the lower end of the outdoor rearview mirror 60 forms a normal line B-B 'at the point of incidence of the light beam RII according to the law of light reflection. The driver sees an RBO beam with an exit angle equal to the angle of incidence. In addition, the driver sees the light beam RTO having the same angle of incidence as the angle of incidence formed by the normal line T-T 'at the point of incidence of the light beam RTI. Accordingly, the driver is at an angle formed by the light beam RBO formed at the lower end of the outdoor rearview mirror 60 and the light beam RTO formed at the upper end of the rearview mirror, and the viewing angle in the vertical direction is θVA, and the road surface and the incident light RBI. This angle? BL becomes a blind spot that the driver cannot see in the vertical direction. The vertical viewing angle is inconvenient to adjust the angle θ in the vertical direction of the outdoor rearview mirror 60 in the case of a narrow parking space when the driver cannot secure the viewing angle to the rear of the rear of the vehicle.

The object of the present invention is to solve the blind spots by finding the cause of the problem through the geometric optical analysis of the viewing angle and to improve the problems of the prior art to secure a wider viewing angle, through which the image distortion and image size The problem of repetitive monitoring of the outdoor rearview mirror and the outdoor rearview mirror may be improved by adjusting the angle of the outdoor rearview mirror to secure the viewing angle due to the difference and to secure the viewing angle.

Hereinafter, with reference to the accompanying drawings will be described in detail an embodiment of the present invention.

As described with reference to FIGS. 8 and 9, the components of the viewing angle may include the driver's position DP, the incident angle α0 of the outer portion of the rearview mirror, the incident angle α1 of the inner portion, the incident angle α2 of the upper portion, It consists of seven elements of the incident angle (alpha) 3 of the lower end part, and the curvature r of a rearview mirror.

Incident angles α0, α1, α2, and α3 are determined from normals in which incident light is generated from the center of curvature of the spherical surface. As the incident angles α0, α1, α2, and α3 increase, a wide viewing angle is secured. This angle of incidence is determined by the magnitude of curvature r of the outdoor rearview mirror.

If the size of curvature r is infinite (∞), a planar mirror is formed, and the size of the image reflected on the outdoor rearview mirror is the same as the size of the object at a single magnification, which causes a blind spot problem due to a narrow viewing angle. The viewing angle is secured by the spherical rear view mirror. The smaller the curvature r is, the wider the viewing angle can be secured. However, due to the reduced size of the driver, the driver may cause a misunderstanding of the sense of distance to the object's position and distortion of the image. Doing An image reflected on the rearview mirror according to the magnitude of the curvature r may be described with reference to FIG. 13.

FIG. 13 is a diagram for describing distortion of an image formed on a lens. FIG. In FIG. 13, the light rays Ray1 to Ray9 incident on the convex lens become shorter as the refractive index of light increases from the center of the lens to the outer periphery. The phenomenon that the focal point of the image is different is called spherical aberration, and this spherical aberration is caused by lateral aberration (LSA) and vertical aberration (TSA), which is a vertical aberration, in which the aberration changes according to the focal length. It creates distortion and bleeding of the image. Therefore, the small curvature is severely distorted and the size of the image is small, so the condition of the optimized curvature is required.

Such aberration can solve image distortion by applying an aspherical lens. Aspheric lenses can reduce image distortion by applying different curvatures to lens surfaces where aberrations occur, unlike spherical lenses, to allow light incident on the central and peripheral portions to form a single focal point.

Hereinafter, the outdoor rearview mirror 50 of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to FIGS. 10 and 12. Herein, an embodiment of an outdoor rearview mirror of a passenger vehicle will be described with reference to FIG. 11, and an example will be described in detail with reference to an outdoor rearview mirror of a commercial vehicle having a high driver's seat height through FIG. 12.

11 is a view cut in the horizontal direction to explain the formation principle of the spherical and aspherical surface of the outdoor rearview mirror of the present invention. Referring to FIG. 11, the conventional outdoor rearview mirror 60 has a curvature r of a predetermined size in order to secure a wider viewing angle and is mounted at an angle of about 20 degrees before and after the vehicle. When the driver adjusts the angle θ of the outdoor rearview mirror 60 to secure the viewing angle of the side, the viewing angle of the outer end of the outdoor rearview mirror 60 secures the viewing angle by the adjusted angle θ, and conversely, the viewing angle of the inner rearview mirror 60. Since the viewing angle is reduced by the adjusted angle θ, the driver has a problem that the side and rear portions of the vehicle become blind spots to repeatedly watch the interior rearview mirror.

This problem is caused by forming a spherical surface having a constant size in the center based on the geometric center C-C 'of the outdoor rearview mirror as illustrated in FIG. 10 and then maintaining the same curvature r as the center spherical portion at the interface 50c of the spherical surface. In the state, when both ends of the outdoor rearview mirror 60 are bent at an angle θr of a predetermined size, an outdoor rearview mirror 50 having a wider viewing angle by the bending angle θr is secured. In addition, the bending angle θr of the outdoor rearview mirror 50 in which the wider viewing angle is secured has an effect of securing a viewing angle up to twice the size of the bending angle θr.

In addition, in order to determine the size of the central spherical portion 50a, the shape of the outdoor rearview mirror attached to the vehicle should be considered. The shape of outdoor rearview mirror varies according to the height of the driver's seat and the distance between the front and rear of the commercial vehicle.In the case of the passenger vehicle, the horizontal length is larger than the vertical direction. The length of the direction is larger than the horizontal direction.

Therefore, the size of the spherical center portion 50a of the outdoor rearview mirror 50 is preferably determined to be about 70% of the length in the vertical direction and the commercial vehicle in the horizontal direction. This is to secure a wider viewing angle by deviating the spherical center of the outdoor rearview mirror, which is one of the features of the present invention, in the planar geometric center of the rearview mirror and in the left, right, and upward directions.

Reference may be made to FIGS. 11 and 12 as a description for securing a wider viewing angle through the eccentricity. 11 is a view for explaining the structure of the outdoor rearview mirror 50 of a passenger vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention, Figure 12 is a view for explaining the structure of the outdoor rearview mirror 50 of a commercial vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention. It is for the drawing.

The shifted eccentricity (δx, δy) is when the horizontal horizontal center line of the outdoor rearview mirror 50 is called Rx-Rx 'and the vertical center line is called Ry-Ry' and its center is called "CM". When the geometric center "CM" of the rearview mirror 50 is eccentric to the center "Cc" of the central spherical section 50a of the outdoor rearview mirror 50, the area from the central spherical section 50a to the outer end and the area of the lower end section are greatly increased. In doing so, the driver can obtain a wider viewing angle.

That is, the center line My-My 'of the central spherical portion 50a of the outdoor rearview mirror 50 is moved inward by δx to secure a wider viewing angle in the horizontal direction by expanding the area of the aspherical portion 50b. In addition, as in the case of a commercial vehicle, the vertical blind spot generated as the height of the driver's seat becomes higher, the center "Cc" of the center spherical portion 50a of the outdoor rearview mirror 50 in the vertical direction is similar to the above. When the center line Mx-Mx 'is moved upward by δy, a wider viewing angle is secured by expanding the area of the aspherical portion 50b at the lower end of the outdoor rearview mirror 50, thereby eliminating the blind spot caused by the constraint of the height of the vehicle. This can solve the problem of adjusting the rearview mirror when parking.

Therefore, the present invention secures a wider viewing angle in the horizontal and vertical directions by eccentricizing the center of the central spherical portion and the geometric center of the outdoor rearview mirror by a predetermined amount, thereby preventing blind spots. It prevents blind spots that occur depending on the height of

In addition, the amount of eccentricity (δx, δy) moving in the left, right, and upward directions is preferably about 10% before and after the size of the spherical center portion 50a of the outdoor rearview mirror 50.

If the sizes of the eccentric amounts δx and δy are increased, the boundary surface 50c of the spherical center portion 50a is out of the edge of the periphery, so that the area of the aspherical portion 50b is narrowed and the viewing angle is also narrowed. The size and the amount of eccentricity (δx, δy) of the spherical center portion 50a can be variously modified without departing from the scope of the present invention. At this time, when the refractive index of the boundary surface 50c of the central spherical portion 50a is larger than the refractive index of the central spherical portion 50a, the image is distorted, so that the center portion 50a and the peripheral portion of the outdoor rearview mirror 50 are prevented. The refractive power D is made equal to the boundary surface 50c of 50b, and the refractive power D is increased toward the peripheral portion 50d. Here, the refractive power (D) refers to the amount of light bent by the difference in the refractive index of the different media when the light passes through the glass (n '), the medium of the outdoor rearview mirror 50 in the air (n), this refractive power (D ) Decreases as the spherical curvature r increases and is proportional to the size of the refractive index n 'of the medium of the outdoor rearview mirror on which light is incident. This refractive power (D) is represented by the following equation.

Equation 1

In Equation 1, D is a refractive power, n is the refractive index of the air, n 'is the refractive index of the mirror, r means the curvature.

The refractive power is an important optical element for the embodiment of the present invention, and also through the optical characteristics of the aspherical portion 50b to improve the size difference and distance aberration due to the different curvature of the driver's seat and the passenger's seat, Describe the distortion problem.

As illustrated in FIG. 11, the rear rearview mirror is formed in a state where a constant size sphere is formed in the center based on the geometric center C-C ′ of the rearview mirror and the curvature r is maintained at the interface 50c of the sphere. If both ends of the 60 are symmetrically bent about the center of the spherical center portion 50a by the bending angle θr, an aspherical surface portion 50b is formed to secure a wider viewing angle by the bending angle θr. do. The aspherical surface portion 50b has a curvature r gradually decreasing from the boundary surface 50c of the central spherical surface portion 50a, and each surface of the peripheral portion 50b has a shape having a different curvature r. The shape of the aspherical surface can be described with reference to FIGS. 11 and 12. In FIGS. 11 and 12, when the center line in the geometric rearward direction 50a of the outdoor rearview mirror is referred to as Rx-Rx 'and the centerline in the vertical direction is referred to as Ry-Ry', the horizontal rearview mirror 60 is horizontal. Sectional cutaway of Rx-Rx 'which is the center line of a direction is Section Rx-Rx' of FIGS. At this time, the curvature r of the central spherical portion 50a preferably has a spherical shape having a radius of about 1,220 mm or more. This is the case when the outdoor rearview mirror is a convex mirror as described in the background art. "The mean radius of curvature of the driver should be 120 cm or more and the radius of curvature on the mirror should be 12.5% of the difference in the mean radius of curvature." In the case of installing a rearview mirror of a convex mirror, the passenger said, "The average radius of curvature is not less than 89 cm (100 cm in the case of a passenger van for children) and 165 cm or less, and the difference between the radius of curvature and the average radius of curvature at each point is average. It should be less than 12.5 percent of the radius of curvature. "

Referring to this, if the radius of curvature of the central spherical portion 50a is 1,200mm, the radius of curvature of the aspherical portion 50b is smaller than 1,200mm, so the average curvature radius is smaller than 1,200mm, so the curvature of the central spherical portion 50a is It should have a curvature greater than 1200mm. Since the average radius of curvature is the average radius of curvature of the spherical portion 50a and the aspherical portion 50b, this may vary depending on the size of the curvature of the central spherical portion 50a, the bending position, and the bending angle θr. In the present invention, referring to the following simulated embodiment, the curvature r of the central spherical portion 50a preferably has a spherical shape with a radius of about 1,220 mm or more, and the average radius of curvature becomes 1,200 mm or more. . The shape of the aspherical surface 50b has a different curvature for each surface, and also has different refractive powers D on each surface of the rearview mirror due to different curvatures.

The shape of the aspherical surface may be described as FIGS. 11 and 12 as Ry-Ry 'cross-section cut in the vertical direction and the region Rx-Rx' in the horizontal cross-section. When the bottom reference line of the rear surface of the outdoor rearview mirror 50 is referred to as Bx-Bx ', the height of the rearview mirror in the Y-axis direction is constant from the spherical center portion 50a center line Ry-Ry' at regular intervals (d1 to d9) in the X-axis direction. The angles are different and this is called sag value Sy in optics, and this sag value Sy is an element that determines the shape of an aspherical surface. In addition, the difference in the curvature r between the constant intervals d1 to d9 in the X-axis direction means that the curvature value of the center portion of the spherical center portion 50a and the curvature r of the peripheral portion 50b decrease, so that the center portion of the spherical center portion 50a is reduced. It means that the center of gravity of the curvature of each of the interval (d1 ~ d9) is the eccentric (the center is distorted). This eccentricity can be expressed by Equation 2 below, and this eccentric amount becomes an element for determining the shape of the aspherical surface, and the eccentric amount is called an eccentricity (e).

Equation 2

In Equation 2, e is an eccentricity, a is a long radius, and b is a short radius.

The spherical center of the aspherical surface portion 50b and the outdoor rearview mirror 50 having the shape of the central spherical portion 50a and the refractive power D, the sag value Sy, and the eccentricity e, which are the elements of the aspherical surface, An embodiment in which the problem of the conventional outdoor rearview mirror 60 is improved by eccentricity (δx, δy) in the planar geometric center of the rearview mirror and left, right, and upward directions.

3, 7 and 8 may be described with reference to the wider viewing angle of the vehicle equipped with the outdoor rearview mirror 50 of FIGS. 11 and 12 to improve the blind spot. 3 is a view illustrating an area of an improved blind spot in the side, rear, or horizontal direction according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 6 is an improved visual area of a vertical direction of a passenger vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention. 7 is a view illustrating an area of the improved visual area in the vertical direction of a commercial vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 illustrates an improvement in the side, rear, and horizontal blind spots. The bending angle θr of the center spherical portion 50 is determined based on the boundary surface 50c of the center spherical portion 50a of the outdoor rearview mirror 50. By providing the bending angle θr in the shape of circular symmetry as a reference, the driver's side can secure a wider viewing angle as θVAL and the passenger's side as θVAR, and θR on the driver's side, which is an adjustable angle of the driver's outdoor rearview mirror. , ΘL on the passenger seat side has the same symmetrical aspherical portion 50b as the inner side of the outdoor rearview mirror 50, so even if the angle of the inclination angle θr of the outdoor rearview mirror 50 of the present invention is adjusted, Since blind spots do not occur, the outer end portion secures a viewing angle equivalent to twice the size of the conventional blind spots. In the case of installing a rearview mirror of a convex mirror, the passenger side has a provision that the average curvature radius should be greater than 89cm (100cm in the case of a children's transport vehicle) and less than 165cm. This is to secure a wide viewing angle. Since the different curvatures of the driver's seat and the passenger's seat feel different phase sizes and sense of distance, the present invention solves the above problem by increasing the centerline My-My 'of the central spherical portion 50a of the outdoor rearview mirror 50 by δx. Moving in the direction, the center line Ry-Ry 'and the eccentricity of the geometric vertical direction of the outdoor rearview mirror 50 can be generated to secure a wider viewing angle, so that rearview mirrors of different curvatures on the driver's seat and passenger's seat can be left or right. Since there is no problem even when the outdoor rearview mirror 50 is applied, there is an effect of eliminating the problem of the distance and the size of the image.

6 and 7 show that the blind spot generated in the vertical direction of the conventional outdoor rearview mirror is adjusted to the height of the driver's seat of the vehicle by adjusting the angle θ of the outdoor rearview mirror in the vertical direction, and also when parking. There is an inconvenience in adjusting this angle [theta]. In the present invention, if the same as the above-described outdoor rearview mirror 50 and the center line Mx-Mx 'of the central spherical portion 50a of the outdoor rearview mirror 50 is moved upward by δy in the geometric vertical direction of the outdoor rearview mirror 50 Since the center line Rx-Rx 'and the eccentricity can be obtained to secure a wider viewing angle, it is possible to eliminate the inconvenience of adjusting the angle (θ) of the outdoor rearview mirror when parking in a different blind spot and the height of the driver's seat.

Another feature of the present invention is to minimize the distortion and blurring of the image due to the spherical aberration in which the focus of the image on the spherical surface is different. Since the spherical aberration occurs more toward the outer circumferential surface 50e of the spherical surface as described with reference to FIG. 13, the problem is solved by giving a bending angle θr at the boundary surface 50c of the central spherical portion 50a. I can solve it.

[Revision 11.12.2012 under Rule 26]
Table 1

Problems with respect to the spherical aberration and the distortion of the image can be described in Tables 1, 13, and 14 as examples. 14 is a view for explaining the principle that the light is refracted and the size and position of the image. FIG. 14 illustrates the basic optical principle for a person having ordinary optical knowledge, and thus descriptions and formulas of specific symbols will be omitted.

In FIG. 14, when an object having a size of y is incident on the point B of the optical axis M-M 'formed as the center of the lens by s, a light beam is incident on the point B (s1 surface) of one side of the lens, the center of curvature C of the lens. The normal N-N 'is made based on the angle of incidence and the angle of incidence of the ray becomes α. This is because the ray passes through different media (n, n'), which causes refraction due to the difference in the media. At a point s 'away from the center of the image, an image of size y' is formed. Here, the ratio of the magnitudes y 'and y of the phase is defined as the magnification, which is equal to the ratio of s and s'.

At this time, since the incident light is further refracted toward the outer circumference of the convex lens as described with reference to FIG. 13, the incident light varies around the optical axis M-M 'and aberration occurs in the lateral direction. In addition, this aberration also causes aberration in the vertical direction, which causes a problem of image sharpness.

The present invention has another object to improve the distortion of the image through such aberration, so that the central portion 50a of the outdoor rearview mirror 50 has a circular spherical shape with almost no aberration, and the peripheral portion 50b has Aspheric shape minimizes the occurrence of aberrations.

Some prerequisites for specific implementation of the present invention are that the curvature of the outdoor rearview mirror is 1,200mm and 1,250mm, and the shape of the outdoor rearview mirror is spherical or spherical or aspherical in the present invention, the thickness of the rearview mirror is 2mm, the rearview mirror Table 1 shows the results of analyzing five examples based on the geometrical optical principle assuming the left and right sizes of 180 mm, the position of the object 1.2 m in front of the mirror, and the size of the object 1 m.

In Table 1, the distortion and magnification, the refractive power, the eccentricity, and the curvature of each surface of each side of the rear mirror are analyzed at a distance from the center of the rear mirror in 10 mm units.

Example 1 of Table 1 is a spherical outdoor rearview mirror having a conventional curvature of 1,200mm, Example 2 is a rearview mirror having an inclination angle (θr) of 10 degrees at the boundary surface of the central spherical portion of the central spherical portion 1,200mm, Example 2 Outdoor rearview mirror with a curvature of 1,200mm at the center spherical surface and a bending angle (θr) of 10 degrees at the boundary surface of the center spherical portion, Example 3 has a bending angle (θr) at the boundary surface of the center spherical portion with an aspheric surface curvature of 1,250mm. Outdoor rearview mirror with 5 °), Example 4 has a curvature of 1,250mm in the center spherical part, and the aspherical surface has a bending angle (θr) of 10 ° at the interface of the center spherical part, and Example 5 has a curvature of 1,250mm in the center spherical part. This is the result of analyzing the distortion of the image of the rearview mirror having a bending angle θr of 15 degrees at the boundary surface of the central spherical portion.

Here, the refractive power D of the rearview mirror is a result of Equation 1, and the amount of eccentricity e of the aspherical portion is a result of Equation 2. Longitudinal transverse aberration is the result of geometric optical calculation through the above conditions.

Referring to Table 1, which is an embodiment, all examples are fine but aberration occurs. The smaller the aberration, the better. However, in the present invention, the banding angle θr is large, so that the wide viewing angle is secured, and the embodiment has the smallest aberration while the image magnification is close to 100%.

In addition, compared with the first embodiment of the spherical convex mirror and the third embodiment to the fifth embodiment of the present invention, the aberration is small and the aspect ratio of the image is also large, so that the distortion of the image can be reduced.

In addition, in the case of Example 2, if the curvature of the center spherical part is 1,200 mm, the curvature r of the outer peripheral part of the rearview mirror decreases, so the average curvature radius is 1,198 mm, and the average curvature radius of the driver's side is 120 cm. Above, the radius of curvature of each mirror should not be less than 12.5%. " In Examples 3 to 5, when the curvature of the central spherical part is performed at 1,250 mm, the average curvature radius is 1,249 mm, 1,248 mm, and 1,246 mm, respectively, to satisfy the safety regulations of the vehicle. In addition, the size of the spherical center portion 50a may be modified in various ways without departing from the scope of the present invention.

In addition, the size of the bending angle θr forming the aspherical surface portion is determined in consideration of the distortion of the image and the size of the image.In the results of Examples 4 and 5 of the present invention, when the bending angle θr is large, the image distortion and the size of the image It is a minor disadvantage, but the effect on the driver's field of vision is very small. Therefore, the present invention is characterized in that the size of the inclination angle (θr) is 10 degrees or more because the securing of a wide viewing angle is an important element, the size of the bending angle (θr) is the size of the curvature of the spherical center portion 50a and the inclination angle (θr) Various modifications are also possible without departing from the scope of the present invention by adjusting the size of.

One of the other methods of such deformation is, of course, to apply the design of the aspherical surface to minimize the distortion of the image using the aspherical formula. The aspherical formula is as shown in Equation 3 below.

Equation 3

In Equation 3, X is the distance in the optical axis direction, Y is the distance from the optical axis in the vertical direction (to the tangential plane of the aspherical vertex), R means the radius of curvature, K means the Conic constant do.

Given the constants K, A, B, C, D, etc. in Equation 3, the height and the shape of the aspherical surface are determined, and various modifications are also possible without departing from the scope of the present invention.

Industrial applicability of the present invention is that a vehicle driving with a conventional rearview mirror that does not completely eliminate the blind spots, or directly attached to the consumer by purchasing a secondary means such as a convex mirror that complements the blind spots. Most are still. The present invention provides a side mirror in which blind spots, which are one of the unsolved technologies of the vehicle, are expected to be solved if an automobile manufacturer ships the present invention at the time of manufacture of the vehicle, thereby providing customer satisfaction. It is assumed that the present invention will be applied immediately.

In addition, the present invention enables the manufacture of the side mirror with a more compact size of the unnecessarily large size of the side mirror in order to solve the blind spots generated during driving of the vehicle, as well as to solve the conventional blind spots. The compact size reduces the air resistance coefficient received while driving the vehicle, thereby increasing the fuel efficiency of the vehicle and also reducing the wind noise generated in the side mirror.

Therefore, the present invention is capable of mass production of commercialization and applicable to various fields of industry.

Claims

In the outdoor rearview mirror provided in the car,

A central spherical portion having a curvature of a preset size;

The right and left and top and bottom surfaces of the outdoor rearview mirror excluding the central sphere are gradually reduced in curvature in a circular symmetry from the boundary surface of the central spherical section to the outer circumferential edge of the outdoor rearview mirror with respect to the center point (optical axis) of the central spherical section to increase refractive power. Aspherical portion; provided with,

The center point (optical axis) of the central spherical portion is eccentric by a certain amount in the inner horizontal direction with respect to the left and right and the top and bottom geometric center point of the outdoor rearview mirror, and the spherical and characterized in that the eccentric by a certain amount in the upper vertical direction Outdoor rearview mirror for convex mirror that combines aspherical shapes.