WO2013061996A1

WO2013061996A1 - Process and device for producing palm kernel shell charcoal

Info

Publication number: WO2013061996A1
Application number: PCT/JP2012/077452
Authority: WO
Inventors: 敬一小鷹
Original assignee: 有限会社美炭産業
Priority date: 2011-10-25
Filing date: 2012-10-24
Publication date: 2013-05-02
Also published as: JP2013091765A

Abstract

The present invention relates to a process and a device for producing palm kernel shell charcoal that is suitable for use in ironmaking or in the smelting of non-ferrous metals. The process is for producing charcoal (palm kernel shell charcoal) from kernel shells of oil palm through carbonization using a carbonizer, and includes: (a) the step of forcibly discharging the gas generated by the carbonization, from the bottom of the carbonizer; and (b) the step of starting combustion from above the palm kernel shells introduced into the carbonizer. The production device is for conducting the process.

Description

Palm shell charcoal manufacturing method and manufacturing apparatus

The present invention relates to a method and an apparatus for producing palm husk charcoal.

Therefore, large-scale plantations that produce large quantities of palm fruits have also been pioneered. A large amount of husks from which the fruits were collected remain, making it difficult to process in plantations.

The simplest treatment method is incineration, but it is not possible to incinerate the coconut shell generated on the scale of tens of thousands of tons with a simple device. At present, a method of exporting to Japan and co-firing with coal using Japanese coal-fired power generation is being used. However, this method has a drawback that the added value is small.

There is carbonization as a method to increase added value. There is a coconut shell activated carbon that is carbonized at high temperature and activated water vapor. But this is in demand. Coconut husk charcoal that has been carbonized at low temperatures to meet demand for steelmaking as an alternative to coke has high hardness and is expected to be useful.

However, the internal heat carbonization in which the coconut shell is self-combusted has a very difficult point due to the nature of the coconut shell.

For example, in general, coal coke is obtained by directing hot gas discharged from a steelmaking blast furnace to an externally heated coke oven, shutting off the outside air, and carbonizing the coal. In order to produce a large amount of coke in a short time, a large number of furnaces with narrow widths are arranged so that high-temperature gas passes between the furnaces. For this reason, charging of coking coal into the coke oven, discharge of carbonized coke from the oven, and the like are complicated. Therefore, it is not suitable for carbonizing minute things such as coconut shells in the same furnace.

Also, in a conventional internal heat furnace that self-combusts the coconut shell, it is difficult to manage combustion because of ignition from the bottom of the furnace, and it is difficult to improve the yield because there are many lost parts.

By the way, in carbon sources such as coal coke used in the refining process of iron making and non-ferrous metals, it is required that the amount of carbon contained as the component is large and the volatile component (VM) is small (patent document). 1).

On the other hand, palm coconut shells such as oil palm and coconut palm grown in Southeast Asia are generated in large quantities as waste after oil extraction, and their effective use has been a problem. In recent years, utilization as a fuel or charcoal has been studied as a method for using palm husk to solve such problems, and charcoal obtained from coconut husk is called coconut husk charcoal.
Among the coconut shells, coconut palm husks have a relatively high carbon content, while oil palm palm husks (PKS = Palm Kernel Shell) have a low carbon content and a large amount of volatile components.

Coconut husk charcoal has been shown to be useful as a carbon source in the refining process of iron or non-ferrous metals, and can be used as a material that can replace coal coke. As a method for obtaining palm shell charcoal, a conventional internal combustion furnace that self-combusts palm shell (PKS) of oil palm (oil palm) and carbonizes by ignition from the bottom of the furnace (non-patent document) Carbonization is performed in 1).

However, the quality of the finished coconut charcoal is not stable in the above method. Therefore, it is practically impossible to efficiently obtain coconut husk charcoal suitable for use in refining iron or nonferrous metals.

No. 2009-04792

As described above, it is practically impossible to efficiently obtain palm shell charcoal suitable for the refining of iron or non-ferrous metals. Therefore, the present invention provides a method and an apparatus for producing coconut husk charcoal for obtaining coconut husk charcoal suitable for use in the refining of iron or non-ferrous metals. It is an object of the present invention to provide a method and an apparatus for producing PKS charcoal for obtaining charcoal) with higher efficiency than conventional methods.

In view of the above problems, the present inventors have studied a method for producing palm husk charcoal having a higher carbon content and lower volatile components, and surprisingly, a gas environment in the coal-making furnace is generated. As a result of finding out that it influences the physical properties of coconut shell charcoal and finding out a technique for optimizing the gas environment, the present invention has been completed.
That is, the present invention relates to at least the following inventions:
(1) A method of producing charcoal (coconut husk charcoal) from palm coconut husks by dry distillation using a coal making furnace including the following steps:
(A) A step of forcibly exhausting gas generated by dry distillation from the bottom of the coal-making furnace, and (b) a step of starting combustion from above the palm shell put in the coal-making furnace.
(2) The said method that exhaust is performed through the hollow part provided in the bottom part of the coal-fired furnace.
(3) The method as described above, wherein the exhaust is performed using a suction fan that communicates with the hollow portion via a pipe line and that can adjust a suction force and a suction amount.
(4) The method according to any one of the above, further including a step of supplying air from an upper surface of the charcoal furnace.
(5) Any of the above methods wherein ignition for combustion is performed at a plurality of locations.
(6) The method further includes a step of providing a space between the uppermost part of the palm shell and the lowermost part of the lid when the charcoal furnace is provided with the lid and the palm shell is loaded and the lid is attached. Any of the above methods.
(7) Any of the above methods wherein the palm shell used is PKS.
(8) Coconut husk charcoal produced by any one of the methods described above.
(9) A charcoal furnace for producing charcoal (coconut husk charcoal) by dry distillation from palm coconut shells using a charcoal furnace including the following means:
(A ′) Exhaust means for forcibly exhausting gas generated by dry distillation from the bottom of the coal-fired furnace, and (b ′) Combustion from above the palm shell put in the coal-fired furnace Combustion auxiliary means for leveling.
(10) The charcoal furnace having an openable / closable top board for loading a raw material coconut shell and having a structure in which the raw material coconut shell is introduced into the carbonization chamber from the openable / closable top board.
(11) The charcoal furnace having an open / close side plate for discharging the carbonized coconut shell and discharging the carbonized coconut shell therefrom.
(12) Any of the above coal-fired furnaces having a structure in which a gap in which dry distillation gas generated in the carbonization chamber moves is provided between a raw material receiving plate for holding the raw material palm shell and a fixed bottom plate for fixing the furnace body.
(13) The above-mentioned coal making furnace having a structure in which a dry distillation gas moves between the end portion of the raw material receiving plate and the wall portion of the carbonization chamber.
(14) Any of the above charcoal furnaces having a small hole or gas passage through which dry distillation gas passes in the raw material receiving plate, and having a structure in which the dry distillation gas in the carbonization chamber is quickly moved.
(15) Any one of the above-mentioned charcoal furnaces having a gas distillation chamber under the fixed bottom plate of the furnace body, and having a structure in which dry distillation gas is guided to the gas distillation chamber through a gas path of the fixed bottom plate.
(16) Any one of the above-described charcoal furnaces having a structure in which an opening / closing top plate has an ignition / air supply hole and a valve for controlling the amount of air.
(17) The charcoal furnace having a structure in which the upper movable furnace part and the lower fixed furnace part are vertically divided in the middle of the furnace body in a structure having no open / close top plate and open / close side plates.
(18) The charcoal furnace having a structure in which the raw material holding box is housed in the lower fixed furnace body.
(19) The coal making furnace having a structure having gas passages through which dry distillation gas passes through the wall surface and bottom surface of the raw material holding box.
(20) The charcoal furnace having a structure having an ignition / air supply hole in the top plate of the upper movable furnace body and a valve for controlling the air amount therein.
(21) The coal making furnace, wherein the combustion auxiliary means has a structure for discharging the high-temperature combustion gas from the bottom of the furnace body through the inside of the furnace body and above the coconut shell.

While not being bound by theory, in the method of the present invention, unlike the conventional method, exhaust of gas generated by dry distillation (sometimes referred to as “dry distillation gas” in this specification) is exhausted at the bottom of the coal-making furnace. By optimizing the amount of air in the furnace, the carbonization reaction is activated, and the combustion of the coconut shell is started from above, so that the self-combustion is performed more efficiently. It is considered that the efficiency can be improved and the physical properties and production efficiency of coconut shell charcoal can be improved.

According to the method of the present invention, the physical properties of the coconut shell charcoal produced can be improved. That is, according to the method of the present invention, the coconut shell charcoal having an increased amount of carbon and a reduced volatile component is obtained. More specifically, VM which is a physical property required for a product (coconut shell charcoal): 10% or less is achieved, and a VM having a VM of 7% or less is obtained.
Moreover, according to the method of the present invention, it is possible to stabilize the quality of the obtained coconut charcoal, that is, to reduce variations in physical properties of the product.

Furthermore, according to the method of the present invention, the productivity of coconut husk charcoal can be improved.
For example, according to the method of the present invention, the production rate of coconut husk charcoal is improved by about 10 times compared to the production by the conventional closed type / natural exhaust type production method.
Alternatively, according to the method of the present invention, it is possible to produce an amount of coconut husk charcoal that requires 7 to 10 days in about one day by a conventional closed type / natural exhaust type production method. That is, according to the method of the present invention, the production of coconut husk charcoal can be performed with an efficiency 7 to 10 times higher than that of the conventional method.

Furthermore, according to the manufacturing method of the present invention having the following configuration, the carbonization state of the coconut shell can be more appropriately adjusted:
・ A method in which exhaust is performed through a hollow portion provided at the bottom of the coal-making furnace. ・ Using a suction fan in which exhaust is communicated with the hollow portion through a conduit and the suction force and suction amount can be adjusted. Said method being performed.
-Any of the said methods further including the process by which air supply is performed from the upper surface of a coal-fired furnace.

Furthermore, among the production methods of the present invention,
・ Methods in which ignition for combustion is performed at a plurality of locations,
The charcoal furnace includes a lid, and further includes a step of providing a space between the uppermost part of the palm shell and the lowermost part of the lid when the palm shell is loaded and the lid is attached; According to any method or the method in which the used coconut shell is PKS, coconut husk charcoal can be produced with higher efficiency. In particular, in the method of the present invention, even when PKS having a carbon content lower than that of coconut palm and having a high content of volatile components is used as palm husk, coconut husk charcoal (PKS charcoal) is much more efficient than the conventional method. It is preferable because

According to the coconut husk charcoal of the present invention, iron refining or non-ferrous metal refining can be performed more efficiently.
According to the charcoal furnace of the present invention, it is possible to efficiently obtain coconut husk charcoal suitable for use in iron refining or nonferrous metal refining.

It is a figure of an example (open / close type carbonization apparatus) of the coal-making furnace for enforcing the method of this invention. It is a figure which shows another example (division type | mold carbonization apparatus) of the coal making furnace for enforcing the method of this invention. It is a figure which shows another example of the charcoal furnace for enforcing the method of this invention. It is a figure which shows another example of the charcoal furnace for enforcing the method of this invention. The solid line arrows schematically show the flow of gases (hot combustion gas or dry distillation gas). It is a figure which shows an example of the conventional coal making furnace. In addition, the code | symbol in a figure does not show about this invention.

As described above, the method of the present invention is a method for producing coconut husk charcoal by dry distillation from coconut husks using a charcoal furnace, which includes the following steps:
(A) A step of forcibly exhausting gas generated by dry distillation from the bottom of the coal-making furnace, and (b) a step of starting combustion from above the palm shell put in the coal-making furnace.

Hereinafter, the method of the present invention will be described in more detail.
In addition, about processes other than the said (a) process and (b) process, you may employ | adopt the process of the normal method which manufactures a coconut husk charcoal from the coconut husk of palm by dry distillation.

The timing at which the steps (a) and (b) are performed, the time at which the steps are performed, and the like are not particularly limited, and can be adjusted as appropriate. The method of the present invention in which the step (b) is performed after the step (a) is preferable, but the method in which the step (b) is performed before the step (a) or a method in which these steps are performed almost simultaneously is also performed. Can do.
Although the time for which the step (a) is carried out is not limited, a method in which the step (a) is carried out in substantially all the time during the production of coconut shell charcoal is preferable.
Below, each of (a) process and (b) process is demonstrated.

(A) Process The (a) process is a process for forcibly exhausting the gas generated by dry distillation from the bottom of the coal making furnace. The bottom means a position of about 1/6 or less of the height of the entire coal-fired furnace, and does not necessarily mean the bottom of the coal-fired furnace.
Among the methods of the present invention, a method in which the exhaust of the gas is performed from a dry distillation gas discharge port communicating with the outside provided in a portion including a position of about 1/7 or less of the height of the entire coal-fired furnace is preferable, A method carried out from a dry distillation gas discharge port communicating with the outside provided in a portion including a position of 1/8 or less is more preferable. The method of the present invention in which the carbonization gas outlet is installed near the bottom (lowermost part) of the coal-fired furnace is more preferable.
Production efficiency of coconut husk charcoal can be further increased by extending the pipe line having the carbonization gas discharge port to a deeper part of the coal making furnace and providing a plurality of small holes in the lower part of the pipe line. . With this configuration, the dry distillation gas is exhausted more uniformly with respect to the dry distillation gas present in the gas distillation chamber, and more uniform carbonization is possible with less planar deviation. As a result, the yield of the coconut shell charcoal manufactured can be improved. The method of the present invention in which a coal-fired furnace provided with two or three or more pipelines is preferred.

The amount of gas exhaust is not limited, but among the methods of the present invention, a method in which the amount of gas exhaust is greater than the amount to be supplied is preferable. It is preferable to adjust the balance between the amount of exhausted gas and the amount of air supplied according to the stage of carbonization.

Among the methods of the present invention, the method in which exhaust is performed through a hollow portion provided at the bottom of the coal-making furnace is preferable because the carbonization state of the coconut shell can be adjusted more appropriately.
Although the size of the hollow portion is not limited, among the methods of the present invention, a method in which the height of the hollow portion is 20% to 35% of the total height of the coal-fired furnace is preferable, and is 25% to 33%. The method is more preferred. For example, in the case of a coal making furnace having a size of about 3 m square and a height of about 2 m, the height of the hollow portion is preferably about 40 cm to 70 cm.

Among the methods of the present invention, the dry distillation gas generated in the charcoal furnace is in a small hole (discharge hole) provided in the raw material receiving plate in the lower part of the carbonization chamber provided in the lower part of the charcoal furnace or in the raw material receiving plate. A method that further includes a step of sucking from the communicating gas path and introducing the gas into the gas holding chamber is preferable. In the step (a), the dry distillation gas introduced into the gas distillation chamber is forcibly exhausted to the outside of the coal-fired furnace through the dry distillation gas discharge port communicating with the outside. The size and number of the discharge holes are not limited as long as the raw material palm shell is not dropped as much as possible and the air flow rate is ensured, but the size is preferably about 5 mm, for example. The raw material receiving plate itself may have a mesh structure.

Among the methods of the present invention, the method in which the exhaust is communicated with the hollow portion through a pipe line and the suction fan capable of adjusting the suction force and the suction amount is used to adjust the carbonization state of the coconut shell. This is preferable because it can be performed appropriately.

Among the methods of the present invention, a method further including a step of supplying air from the upper surface of the coal-making furnace is preferable because the carbonization state of the coconut shell can be adjusted more appropriately. Air supply can be performed through an air supply hole installed on the upper surface of the coal-fired furnace. For example, by supplying air through an air supply hole, the amount of air in the furnace is adjusted and controlled more strictly. The “upper surface” of the charcoal furnace in which the air supply hole is installed means the uppermost surface or upper side surface of the charcoal furnace.
The method of supplying air is not limited. The amount of supply air is not particularly limited, and may be determined based on a balance with the amount of exhaust. The gas supplied is air.

(B) Process (b) A process is a process of starting combustion (ignition) from the upper part of the coconut shell put into the charcoal furnace, and is a process of substantially starting dry distillation.
An example of a heat source for combustion is a gas burner.
Ignition for combustion can be performed from, for example, a hole provided in a coal-fired furnace and appropriately communicating the inside and outside of the furnace. Such holes are sometimes referred to herein as combustion assisting means. The method of the present invention including the step of directly burning the coconut shell from above using such combustion assisting means is preferable.

Among the methods of the present invention, in the step (b), a method in which ignition for combustion is performed at a plurality of locations is preferable because combustion in a wider region can be performed in a shorter time. Usually, several minutes after ignition, the entire upper surface of the raw material coconut shell is burned. By burning the entire surface, it is possible to produce palm husk charcoal with higher efficiency, which is preferable. The method of the present invention in which the number of ignition points for combustion is 4 to 5 is preferable.
Among the methods of the present invention, in the step (b), ignition for combustion is performed from above the palm shell by the high-temperature combustion gas of the burner released from the bottom of the furnace body through the central heat passage inside the furnace body. Is preferred. This is because ignition for burning the coconut shell is performed more safely.

Other steps In the method of the present invention, when the charcoal furnace is provided with a lid, and a palm shell is loaded and the lid is mounted, a space (between the uppermost portion of the palm shell and the lowermost portion of the lid ( A method further comprising the step of providing an upper space) is preferred. It is because carbonization from the upper part can be promoted by filling the heated air after combustion.
In addition, the upper space can adjust the amount of palm husk input, which contributes to adjustment of the carbonization schedule.

Among the methods of the present invention, the method in which the dry distillation gas is exhausted through a larger gas distillation chamber is preferable because it is possible to produce palm husk charcoal with higher efficiency (FIG. 3).

The present invention also relates to palm shell charcoal produced by the method of the present invention.
Of the coconut shell charcoal produced by the method of the present invention, those with a VM of 7% or less are preferred, those with 4% or less are more preferred, those with 2% or less are even more preferred.

The charcoal furnace for carrying out the method of the present invention The structure of the charcoal furnace for carrying out the method of the present invention is not limited as long as it can carry out the steps (a) and (b). That is, the charcoal furnace of the present invention is a charcoal furnace for producing charcoal (coconut shell charcoal) from palm coconut shells by dry distillation using the charcoal furnace, including the following means:
(A ′) Exhaust means for forcibly exhausting gas generated by dry distillation from the bottom of the coal-fired furnace, and (b ′) starting combustion from above the palm shell put in the coal-fired furnace Combustion assistance means that make it possible to

As a coal making furnace (internal heating type furnace) for carrying out the method of the present invention,
・ The above-mentioned charcoal furnace (FIG. 1) having an openable and closable top board for loading the raw material coconut shell, and introducing the raw material and coconut shell from the openable and closable top board into the carbonization chamber; In the structure having no side plate, the charcoal furnace having a structure in which the upper movable furnace part and the lower fixed furnace part are vertically divided in the middle of the furnace body (FIG. 2).
Is exemplified.
In addition, a carbon furnace having a larger gas chamber is also exemplified as a carbon furnace for carrying out the method of the present invention (FIG. 3).
Further, a coal making furnace having a structure in which the high-temperature combustion gas of the burner is released from the bottom of the furnace body through the central heat passage inside the furnace body is also exemplified as a coal making furnace for carrying out the method of the present invention. (FIG. 4).

In the internal heat furnace of the present invention, ignition is performed from the upper part of the furnace, and control of dry distillation gas by carbonization reaction and self-combustion by controlling the air supply amount are performed, but the amount of air is minimized to improve the carbonization yield. The structure to be made is provided.

The internal heat furnace of the present invention burns a part of the raw material coconut shell to create energy for carbonization of the coconut shell of the entire furnace.

¡Minimize carbonization energy to ensure carbonization yield. For this purpose, a method of squeezing the supply of air amount for controlling combustion is adopted.

Also, in order to promote the carbonization reaction, the dry distillation gas generated by the reaction is forcibly drawn out by a suction fan, and the inside of the furnace is made negative pressure so that the dry distillation gas generated by the reaction is easily generated.

The furnace structure is configured so that the carbonization reaction proceeds from the upper part to the lower part of the furnace.

In order to improve the productivity of charcoal production, the raw material coconut shell shall be loaded from the top of the furnace. Or it is set as the structure inserted as it is with the bear put in the raw material holding box.

Carbonized palm shell shall be structured so that it can be discharged all at once by opening the side of the furnace. Alternatively, the upper part of the furnace is removed and the material holding box is lifted and taken out.

The internal heat furnace of the present invention directly burns part of the coconut shell and directly takes carbonization energy, so the furnace structure is extremely compact and requires less production space than conventional coal coke ovens. .

FIG. 1 shows a structural diagram of an open / close type carbonization apparatus of the present invention. FIG. 2 shows a structural diagram of the split carbonization apparatus of the present invention. FIG. 3 shows the lower part of an example of a coal making furnace with a larger gas chamber. FIG. 4 exemplifies a charcoal furnace in which the combustion auxiliary means has a structure for discharging high-temperature combustion gas from the bottom of the furnace body through the inside of the furnace body and above the coconut shell.
FIG. 5 shows an example of a conventional carbonization furnace.

An example of the carbonization apparatus of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In FIG. 1, the open / close type carbonization apparatus, the furnace body is made of a steel plate and the inside is insulated by a refractory block 19.

1 Opening and closing top plate is installed at the top, opening and closing top plate 1 is opened by opening and closing arm 11, and raw material coconut shell is loaded into the furnace by hopper etc.

After loading the raw material coconut shell, close the openable top plate 1 and ignite the upper part of the raw material coconut shell from the ignition / air supply hole 7 with a gas burner or the like.

After ignition, the suction fan connected to the dry distillation gas outlet 15 is operated to lower the furnace pressure and activate the carbonization reaction.

After starting the carbonization reaction, the air supply valve 8 of the ignition / air supply hole 7 is adjusted to control the amount of self-combustion of the raw material coconut shell.

The carbonization reaction in the carbonization chamber 10 leads the dry distillation gas to the gas distillation chamber 6 through the small holes of the raw material receiving plate 3 or the gas passage 5. From there, it is drawn out by the suction fan of the dry distillation gas discharge port 15.

When all the carbonization is completed, the carbonized product is rapidly cooled from the ignition / air supply hole 7 with cooling gas or spray water. After cooling, open the open / close side plate 2 with the open / close arm 11 and discharge it to the outside.

Referring to FIG. 2, in the split carbonization apparatus, the furnace is composed of a movable furnace part 12 and a fixed furnace part 13.

The raw material coconut shell is loaded into the raw material holding box 14 in advance, and the raw material holding box 14 is inserted into the fixed furnace portion 13 with the movable furnace portion 12 removed.

After inserting the raw material holding box 14, the movable furnace 12 is put on a predetermined position to shut off the outside air. Thereafter, the upper part of the raw material coconut shell is ignited by a gas burner or the like through the ignition and air supply hole 7.

The carbonization reaction in the carbonization chamber leads the dry distillation gas to the gas distillation chamber 6 through the small holes of the raw material receiving plate 3 or the gas passage 5. From there, it is drawn out by the suction fan of the dry distillation gas discharge port 15.

When all the carbonization is completed, the carbonized product is rapidly cooled from the ignition / air supply hole 7 with cooling gas or spray water. After cooling, the movable furnace part 12 is opened and the raw material holding box 14 after carbonization is lifted to take out the carbonized product.

According to the coal making furnace shown in FIG. 3, the production of coconut shell charcoal can be performed with higher efficiency. In the charcoal furnace, a pipe line having a carbonization gas discharge port 15 is extended to a deeper part of the charcoal furnace, and a plurality of small holes 20 are provided in the lower part of the pipe line. By adopting such a structure, the dry distillation gas is exhausted more uniformly with respect to the dry distillation gas present in the gas distillation chamber, and more uniform carbonization is possible with less planar deviation. As a result, the yield of the coconut shell charcoal manufactured can be improved. The charcoal furnace of the present invention provided with two or three or more pipe lines is preferable.
According to the charcoal furnace shown in FIG. 4, ignition from above the coconut shell for burning the coconut shell is performed more safely. This is because in such a coal making furnace, when the combustion is started, the upper part of the furnace can be sealed by the lid 102 and shut off from the outside. That is, in such a coal making furnace, the high-temperature combustion gas from the burner 107 reaches the upper part of the raw material coconut shell through the central heat passage 106, and combustion starts from the uppermost part of the raw material coconut shell.
Although FIG. 4 shows an example in which kerosene 108 is used for ignition and combustion of the burner 107, the burner 107 may be a gas burner. The upper part of the raw material storage container 104 that stores the raw material coconut shell 105 is formed of a wire mesh, and gas can easily pass therethrough. Further, since the lid 102 is placed on the water seal portion 103, the inside of the charcoal furnace main body 9 is substantially cut off from the outside air.
In the coal making furnace shown in FIG. 4, after the dry distillation gas is generated, the dry distillation gas is guided to the burner 107, and the fuel is switched from the kerosene 108 to the dry distillation gas. The carbonization energy of the raw material can be obtained by burning the dry distillation gas as fuel with a burner. In this case, air supply from the outside is performed through a burner.

(Example)
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to examples. The examples do not limit the invention in any way.
Example 1
-Material PKS from Indonesia was used.

-Method PKS charcoal was obtained by dry distillation using the charcoal furnace of the present invention.
The size of the coal making furnace was 3 m × 3 m × 2 m. The height of the hollow part was about 60 cm.

After the start of exhaust, the PKS was charged into a coal-fired furnace and ignited sequentially at four locations on the upper surface to burn the entire surface. Thereafter, dry distillation was performed by appropriately adjusting the exhaust amount and the air supply amount according to the carbonization stage.
After about 8 hours, dry distillation was completed, and then the coal furnace was cooled down at room temperature for about 8 hours.

Results and discussion Table 1 shows the physical properties of the obtained palm husk charcoal (PKS charcoal). As is clear from the results shown in the table, good quality PKS charcoal with a sufficiently low VM value (4 wt%) was obtained. In addition, the dry distillation and cooling time required to obtain the PKS charcoal is about 16 hours in total. This time is at least 1 / about 7 days to about 10 days, which is the time required in the conventional method. Less than 10.
Therefore, according to the method of the present invention, PKS charcoal having excellent physical properties can be produced at an efficiency at least 10 times higher than that of the conventional method.

Table 1

According to the method of the present invention, the physical properties of the produced coconut shell charcoal can be improved. Therefore, the present invention greatly contributes to the development of palm husk charcoal manufacturing industry and related industries.

1 Opening and closing top plate 2 Opening and closing side plate 3 Raw material receiving plate 4 Fixed bottom plate 5 Gas passage 6 Gas chamber 7 Ignition and air supply hole 8 Air quantity control valve (air supply valve)
9 Charcoal furnace body 10 Coking chamber 11 Opening and closing arm 12 Movable furnace part 13 Fixed furnace part 14 Raw material holding box 15 Dry distillation gas outlet 16 Sand holder 17 Water seal part 18 Movable furnace part lifting hook 19 Refractory block 20 Small hole 102 Lid 103 Water seal 104 Raw material storage container 105 Coconut shell 106 Central heat passage 107 Burner 108 Kerosene 109 Air supply

Claims

A method for producing charcoal (coconut husk charcoal) by dry distillation from palm coconut shells using a charcoal furnace including the following steps:
(A) A step of forcibly exhausting gas generated by dry distillation from the bottom of the coal-making furnace, and (b) a step of starting combustion from above the palm shell put in the coal-making furnace.
The method according to claim 1, wherein the exhaust is performed through a hollow portion provided in a bottom portion of the charcoal furnace.
The method according to claim 2, wherein the exhaust is performed using a suction fan that communicates with the hollow portion through a pipe line and that can adjust a suction force and a suction amount.
The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, further comprising a step of supplying air from an upper surface of the charcoal furnace.
The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein ignition for combustion is performed at a plurality of locations.
The charcoal furnace comprises a lid, and further comprises a step of providing a space between the uppermost part of the palm shell and the lowermost part of the lid when the palm shell is loaded and the lid is attached. The method according to any one of 1 to 5.
The method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the palm shell used is PKS.
Coconut charcoal produced by the method according to any one of claims 1 to 7.
A charcoal furnace for producing charcoal (coconut shell charcoal) from palm coconut shells by dry distillation using a charcoal furnace, including the following means:
(A ′) Exhaust means for forcibly exhausting gas generated by dry distillation from the bottom of the coal-fired furnace, and (b ′) Combustion from above the palm shell put in the coal-fired furnace Combustion auxiliary means for leveling.
10. A charcoal furnace according to claim 9, comprising an openable and closable top plate for loading raw material coconut shells, and having the structure in which the raw material coconut shells are introduced into the carbonization chamber from the openable and closable top plate.
The charcoal furnace according to claim 10, having an open / close side plate for discharging the carbonized coconut shell and discharging the carbonized coconut shell therefrom.
The charcoal furnace according to claim 10 or 11, having a structure in which a dry distillation gas generated in the carbonization chamber moves between a raw material receiving plate for holding the raw material palm shell and a fixed bottom plate for fixing the furnace body.
The charcoal furnace according to claim 12, which has a structure in which a dry distillation gas moves between an end portion of the raw material receiving plate and a wall portion of the carbonization chamber.
The coal-fired furnace according to claim 12 or 13, wherein the raw material receiving plate has a small hole or a gas passage through which the carbonization gas passes, and the carbonization chamber is rapidly moved.
The charcoal furnace according to any one of claims 12 to 14, having a gas distillation chamber under a fixed bottom plate of the furnace main body, and having a structure in which dry distillation gas is guided to the gas distillation chamber through a gas path of the fixed bottom plate.
The charcoal furnace according to any one of claims 10 to 15, wherein the open / close top plate has an ignition / air supply hole and a valve for controlling the air amount therein.
The charcoal furnace according to claim 9, wherein the upper movable furnace part and the lower fixed furnace part are vertically divided in the middle of the furnace body in a structure having no open / close top plate and open / close side plates.
The charcoal furnace according to claim 17, wherein the raw material holding box is housed in the lower fixed furnace body.
The charcoal furnace according to claim 17, having a gas passage through which dry distillation gas passes on the wall surface and bottom surface of the raw material holding box.
The charcoal furnace according to claim 17, wherein the top plate of the upper movable furnace body has an ignition / air supply hole and a valve for controlling the air amount.
The charcoal furnace according to claim 9, wherein the combustion auxiliary means has a structure in which high-temperature combustion gas is discharged from the bottom of the furnace body through the inside of the furnace body and released above the coconut shell.