Classifications

• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
  • H01H31/00—Air-break switches for high tension without arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
  • H01H31/003—Earthing switches
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
  • H01H31/00—Air-break switches for high tension without arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
  • H01H31/14—Air-break switches for high tension without arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means with bridging contact that is not electrically connected to either line contact in open position of switch
  • H01H31/24—Air-break switches for high tension without arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means with bridging contact that is not electrically connected to either line contact in open position of switch with rectilinearly-movable bridging contact
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
  • H02B—BOARDS, SUBSTATIONS OR SWITCHING ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE SUPPLY OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
  • H02B13/00—Arrangement of switchgear in which switches are enclosed in, or structurally associated with, a casing, e.g. cubicle
  • H02B13/02—Arrangement of switchgear in which switches are enclosed in, or structurally associated with, a casing, e.g. cubicle with metal casing
  • H02B13/035—Gas-insulated switchgear

Definitions

• the subject of the present invention is a switching device disposed at a junction point between two dividing parts of the network, and offering a possibility of cutting one or the other of these parts.
• High-voltage substations allow energy to be distributed over networks and also to protect these networks.
• the disconnectors are designed to perform this disconnection function, but they must sometimes be supplemented by devices providing additional isolation distance, especially in installations operating in a pressurized insulating gas such as sulfur hexafluoride SF6, during an interview. involving a partial disassembly of the network, a greater precaution then being necessary.
• Some of these devices consist of intermediate compartments, the function of which is to keep the active portions of the network further away from the serviced portions, but which have the disadvantage of generally requiring the use of expensive additional dielectric cones. at their ends.
• a splint Another type of device, which is of interest here, makes it possible to temporarily disconnect the conductor for an additional length not far from the disconnector; he is called a splint and he is also well known.
• a splice device installed at the junction point between two parts of an electrical network such as two busbars and a common supply part, is the subject of US-A-3,485,971.
• a splint is installed on an electrical switch between the common conductor and the disconnector of each of the busbars. Each comprises two sliding movable contacts, able to move away from each other to respectively join the common conductor and the conductor of the busbar and establish the connection, or retract together by a reverse movement. Two splints are needed for this switch, which is expensive.
• a splint is common to both parts of the network and installed directly at the end of the common part.
• it conforms to the previous ribs, that is to say that it comprises two aligned contacts, each moving to a conductor of one of the network division parts to connect or not to the common part.
• the device must have a length that prohibits the use on some existing networks to replace simple switches, where the conductors are permanently connected between the common part and the parts of the division. network.
• the invention represents an improvement of this kind of devices, namely a splice switch device whose structure is simpler and especially the smaller footprint.
• an electrical switching device comprising a common part of an electrical network, a pair of division parts of the network, said division parts being able to be busbars, and a switch placed at a confluence the common part and the division parts;
• the switch comprising: a first fixed contact connected to the common part and two fixed contacts respectively connected to the dividing parts and each comprising a connecting portion provided with a concavity, said two fixed contacts being opposite in the switch and the concavities being turned towards each other; a movable contact, electrically connected to the first fixed contact, disposed between said connection portions; and a device for controlling the movable contact on a line connecting the connection portions; characterized in that the movable contact is single and has a length greater than a distance between the connection portions but less than said distance plus a depth of one of the concavities.
• the invention only allows three states of operation, namely the simultaneous connection of the two parts of the electrical network to the common part or the connection of only one of them, while the devices previous allowed to disconnect both network splitting parts; but it appeared that this state of complete disconnection was of little interest, since an electrical network is normally in a state of service, and that the disconnection using the ribs is normally done during a maintenance operation of the relevant part of the network, which is not simultaneous to the maintenance of the other party.
• the support of the movable contact can now have a smaller dimension on the line connecting the connecting portions than on a perpendicular line directed towards the first fixed contact, and the control device can then understand according to a possible embodiment: a pivoting axis passing through an envelope of the switch and terminating in a region of the eccentric support such that the movable contact extends between the first stationary contact and said region; a movable lever in the support and rigidly connected to the axis; and a link articulated to the lever and the movable contact.
• FIG. 1 illustrates a known switch
• FIGS. 2a, 2b and 2c illustrate a switch of the invention, in three main positions
• FIG. 3 illustrates the entire switching device, comprising the portions of the network adjacent to the switch itself,
• FIG. 4a illustrates the complete switching device in a three-phase network with the representation of the 3 phases
• FIG. 4b illustrates the complete control device of the switch in a permanently installed three-phase network
• FIG. 4c illustrates a simplified device for controlling the switching in a three-phase network
• FIG. 4d illustrates this simplified device with the tool necessary for the maneuver
• FIG. 5a illustrates a main part of the simplified device
• FIG. 5b illustrates a main part of the complete device
• FIG. 6 illustrates a disconnector in two different states
• FIG. 7 illustrates another embodiment of a disconnector
• FIG. 8 illustrates a control and signaling mechanism
• FIGS 9 and 10 illustrate two locking electromagnets
• the splice switch comprises, in a T-shaped envelope (1), connections to fixed contacts (2 and 3) connected to ends of conductors belonging to network division parts and a fixed contact (4) for connection to a common supply conductor. Electrical isolation cones commonly referenced by (5) are traversed by the fixed contacts (2, 3 and 4) and also provide gas isolation of adjacent compartments of the network.
• Two linear movable contacts (7 and 8) are aligned in a direction connecting the fixed contacts (2 and 3), and they are driven by axes (9) (only one of which is visible in the figure) carrying a lever ( 10) to which the movable element (7 or 8) is connected by a rod (11).
• the casing (1) further comprises a support (12) in which the movable contacts (7 and 8) slide, and which is electrically connected to the fixed contact (4). In the position shown, the movable contacts (7 and 8) are retracted and the two dividing parts of the network are disconnected. The electrical connection to the common conductor is established by rotating the pins (9) (or only one of them), which makes out movable contacts (7 and 8) to enter the fixed contacts (2 and 3) thanks to the support (12).
• FIGS. 2a, 2b and 2c which represent an embodiment of the invention.
• the switch an envelope (13); fixed conductor connection contacts (14, 15 and 16) belonging respectively to division portions of the network and to a common supply portion; the fixed contacts (14, 15) connected to the dividing portions of the array are opposed, have aligned electrical connection portions and provided with concavities (22) directed towards each other; a central carrier (17) electrically conductive and permanently connected to the fixed contact (16) connected to the common supply portion; a control mechanism comprising an axis (18) passing through the envelope (13) and ending in the support (17), the axis (18) comprising a lever (19) and a link (20) for the movement of a contact mobile (21) passing through the support (17); the movable contact (21) is here unique and able to establish the connection with one or other of the fixed contacts (14 and 15: FIGS.
• the length of the moving contact (21) being chosen greater than the distance between the fixed contacts (14 and 15) connected to the division portions of the network, but less than the total length between this distance and the depth of the concavity (22) of which these two fixed contacts (14 and 15) are provided and in which the movable element (21) can be inserted, which guarantees a distance sufficient electrical cutoff between the movable contact (21) and one or the other of the fixed contacts ((15) in the representation of Figure 2a) when the movable contact (21) is controlled towards one end of its stroke.
• the single movable contact (21) can be supported at a single central region in the switch, which makes it possible to reduce the size of the support (17) a great deal with respect to the support (12). ) of the previous design.
• the support (17) present is of approximately spherical shape instead of being very elongated in the direction connecting the fixed contacts (2 and 3) as in the previous design, and it may even be smaller in the direction aligning the fixed contacts (14 and 15) connected to the division portions of the array only in a perpendicular direction.
• a substantially spherical shape better guarantees its dielectric strength. It is advantageous for reducing the overall bulk that the axis (18) enters the support (17) by an eccentric portion, away from the alignment direction of the fixed contacts (14 and 15).
• FIG. 3 represents a portion of the electrical network where the invention can find use, with two sets of parallel bars (25 and 26), a common supply conductor (27) located between the busbars, and a switch (28) according to Fig. 2, arranged at the intersection of the common conductor (27) and games bars (25 and 26), disconnectors (29 and 30) however being arranged between the switch (28) and the busbars (25 and 26).
• the busbars (25 and 26), the common supply conductor (27) and in general all elements of the electrical network are enclosed in enclosures (33) having electrical and gaseous insulation properties to protect the environment electricity and maintain an insulating atmosphere around the electrical conductor.
• Insulating cones (31) are arranged between the switch (28) and the disconnectors (29 and 30), and other cones (32) are arranged here and there in the busbars (25 and 26); the cones (31 and 32) divide the volume contained in the envelope (33) into compartments that can be opened during maintenance operations without emptying the gaseous contents of the other compartments or risking electrical accidents.
• FIGS. 4a, b, c, d and 5a, b A portion of a three-phase network constructed accordingly is shown in Figure 4a.
• the switches (28a, 28b and 28c) are individually controlled or simultaneously, with a mechanism per phase or with a mechanism common to all three phases with linkage linkage.
• a unique control device (34) will be described in detail using FIGS. 4a, b, c, d and 5a, b.
• This device can be secured by a simple lock system (as shown in Figures 4c, 4d and 5b) or can be secured by a complete signaling and locking system (36 in Figure 5a) and permanently installed on the switch (as shown in Figures 4a and 4b).
• the description begins with Figures 4a, 4b and 5a relating to the most complex embodiment; Figure 4a illustrates the simple three-phase network, Figure 4b the installation of the control device (34) and Figure 5a said isolated device.
• the fixed system comprises a support (35) mounted on the casing (13) of one of the switches (28a), a signaling and locking mechanism (36) mounted on the support (35), an actuator (37) also mounted on the support (35) and a transmission (38) communicating the movements originating from one actuator to all the switches (28).
• the actuator (37) includes a crank (40) rotating the pivoting axle (39) through a torque limiter (41) and a worm gear (42).
• the torque limiter (41) serves to make a displacement control inoperative when it is undesirable, according to detailed safety rules further when the axis (39) is blocked, ceasing to transmit then the actuating force.
• a bearing (43) secured to the casing (13) of the switch (28a) supports the shaft (39).
• the axis (18) of the switch (28a), coaxial with the axis (39), is driven by it.
• a connecting rod (44a) is mounted on the shaft (39) and rotated by it, by moving a rod (45) which itself moves other rods (44b and 44c) similar to the previous one: the rods ( 44b and 44c) are fixed to the axes (18) of the switches (28b, 28c) and drive them in motion by rotations equal to those of the axis (18) of the switch (28a).
• This perfect unison movement axes (18) and movable contacts (21) maintains the three switches (28a, 28b, 28c) in the same state.
• the padlocks (74 and 75) are opened and removed to allow switching of the device from one state to another.
• the tool (37) is removable in both embodiments to be removed in normal times and not to allow accidental maneuver.
• FIG. 6 gives an embodiment of the disconnector with three positions and which will be used for the rest of the description of the signaling and locking device.
• the disconnectors (29 and 30) being similar and symmetrical, the description will relate only to the disconnector (30). It comprises an envelope (47) opening on one side on the switch (28) through the cone (31). An approximately spherical shaped conductor support (48) includes a tip (49) that extends through the cone (31) and connects to the stationary contact (14). Another conductive holder (57) located on the opposite side of the casing (47) is electrically connected to the conductor (50 in FIG. 3) of the busbar (25).
• the disconnector (29) further comprises a movable contact (51) sliding in a sleeve (52) of the support (48) under the action of a rod (53) articulated thereto.
• the movable contact (51) can take three main positions: in one of them, represented in FIG. 6 and which is a median position, it is entirely contained in the sleeve (52) and ensures a break between the game bars (25) and the switch (28); in another position, not shown, where he is closest to the switch (28), it partially leaves the sleeve (52) and touches a ground contact (56) to which it connects the fixed contact (14) of the switch (28).
• grounding contact (56 ') is another movable contact operated independently of the movable contact (51) already described and whose operation is not modified: the earth is effected by a movement of the ground contact (56 ') by a key (71) imposing a movement that approaches the movable contact (31).
• the disconnector and earthing functions are therefore separate.
• the control mode of the switch (28) in connection with the disconnectors (29 and 30) will now be described in connection with the last figures. It will also detail the constitution of the signaling and locking mechanism (36). It comprises (FIG. 8) four electromagnets (58, 59, 60 and 61) aligned on a circle sector, two of them being central and the other lateral ones, signaling contactors (62, 63 and 64), and the axis (39) comprises at least one cleat (65) passing within range of the electromagnets (58, 59, 60 and 61) and signaling contactors (62, 63 and 64).
• Electromagnets all include
• FIGS. 9 and 10 a moving part (66 or 72) displaced by a coil (67) which can be excited by an electric circuit (68) according to the states of the disconnectors (29 and 30), according to the modalities described below.
• the moving parts (66 or 72) When the windings (67) are at rest, the moving parts (66 or 72) are deployed and able to block the cleat (65).
• the moving parts (66 or 72) are retracted and disengaged from the cleat (65), which can then pass unhindered.
• the extreme electromagnets (60 and 61) have the particularity that their mobile part (72) has a hinge (69) which allows the cleat (65) to cross it by rotating the joint, but in one direction only.
• the moving part (72) is therefore an obstacle or cleat (65) in one direction of rotation only, even when it is deployed.
• the cleat (65) is completely tilted to one side, it is retained by the fourth electromagnet (61), extends in front of the third signaling contactor (64) , and the movable contact (21) only touches the fixed contact (15): only the busbar (26) is in use, the other (25) being disconnected. And in a third symmetrical position of the previous but not shown, the cleat (65) would be retained by the third electromagnet (60), its position would be detected by the second signaling contactor (63), and only the other game of bars (25) would be connected.
• the opening of the switch (28) on the side of a disconnector (29 or 30) is possible only if the disconnector has been opened, and closing the switch (28) becomes possible only when a lateral electromagnet (60 or 61) blocking the cleat (65) has been excited by a deliberate action to interrupt its locking;
• the earthing of a disconnector (29 or 30) is possible only if the switch (28) is open on the side of this disconnector, and the excitation mentioned above of a lateral electromagnet (60 or 61) blocking the cleat (65) can be made impossible as long as grounding remains.
• FIG. is first opened, from the closed state where the busbar (25) is connected to the switch (28) in the disconnected state where the busbar (25) is isolated.
• the second electromagnet (59) is then excited, its movable portion (66) is retracted, and the cleat (65) can then cross it while being moved. to the right of Figure 12 as soon as the actuator (40) is turned on to rotate the shaft (39). Wrong movement to the left is impossible since the locking of the first electromagnet (58) is maintained.
• a mechanical lock (padlock) or electrical lock switch (29) is in practice added to prohibit its reclosing by a reverse movement.
• the cleat (65) then passes through the movable member (72) of the fourth electromagnet (61) by rotating it about its hinge (69). A return movement is currently impossible, since the fourth electromagnet (61) block the cleat (65), the movable portion (72) being rigid in this sense. The state of FIG. 11 is then obtained, and it is possible to provide it by a mechanical locking of the movable element (72) of one electromagnet (61) to maintain the switch (26) at this point. Disconnect portion of the disconnector (29). The cleat (65) is within range of the third signaling contactor (64). It then becomes possible to ground the disconnector (29) without inconvenience.
• the third signaling contactor (64) can be integrated with the disconnector control mechanism (29) to prohibit grounding until the switch (28) has completely disconnected it from the common part of the network. The state of Figure 11 is then reached.
• the opening of the disconnector (30) and the switch (28) in the other direction would be by an opposite movement with the same effects, the locking mechanism and signaling (36) being perfectly symmetrical.

Landscapes

• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Power Engineering (AREA)
• Gas-Insulated Switchgears (AREA)
• Driving Mechanisms And Operating Circuits Of Arc-Extinguishing High-Tension Switches (AREA)
• Switch Cases, Indication, And Locking (AREA)

Priority Applications (4)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=47046632

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (6)

Cited By (2)

Families Citing this family (4)

Citations (5)

Family Cites Families (10)

• 2011
  • 2011-10-25 FR FR1159662A patent/FR2981785B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
• 2012
  • 2012-10-23 EP EP12775268.1A patent/EP2771896B8/fr active Active
  • 2012-10-23 KR KR1020147011320A patent/KR20140080518A/ko not_active Withdrawn
  • 2012-10-23 CN CN201280052753.6A patent/CN103907167B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 2012-10-23 WO PCT/EP2012/070961 patent/WO2013060675A1/fr not_active Ceased
  • 2012-10-23 JP JP2014537579A patent/JP2014534800A/ja not_active Ceased

Patent Citations (5)

Also Published As

Similar Documents

Legal Events