WO2013056446A2 - 泵车及其臂架的振动抑制方法、控制器和装置 - Google Patents

泵车及其臂架的振动抑制方法、控制器和装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2013056446A2
WO2013056446A2 PCT/CN2011/081020 CN2011081020W WO2013056446A2 WO 2013056446 A2 WO2013056446 A2 WO 2013056446A2 CN 2011081020 W CN2011081020 W CN 2011081020W WO 2013056446 A2 WO2013056446 A2 WO 2013056446A2
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
boom
vibration
signal
swing
arm section
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/CN2011/081020
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
黄毅
王佳茜
黄露
邝昊
杨文�
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Hunan Zoomlion Special Vehicle Co Ltd
Zoomlion Heavy Industry Science and Technology Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Hunan Zoomlion Special Vehicle Co Ltd
Zoomlion Heavy Industry Science and Technology Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Hunan Zoomlion Special Vehicle Co Ltd, Zoomlion Heavy Industry Science and Technology Co Ltd filed Critical Hunan Zoomlion Special Vehicle Co Ltd
Priority to PCT/CN2011/081020 priority Critical patent/WO2013056446A2/zh
Publication of WO2013056446A2 publication Critical patent/WO2013056446A2/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66CCRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
    • B66C13/00Other constructional features or details
    • B66C13/04Auxiliary devices for controlling movements of suspended loads, or preventing cable slack
    • B66C13/06Auxiliary devices for controlling movements of suspended loads, or preventing cable slack for minimising or preventing longitudinal or transverse swinging of loads
    • B66C13/066Auxiliary devices for controlling movements of suspended loads, or preventing cable slack for minimising or preventing longitudinal or transverse swinging of loads for minimising vibration of a boom
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04GSCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
    • E04G21/00Preparing, conveying, or working-up building materials or building elements in situ; Other devices or measures for constructional work
    • E04G21/02Conveying or working-up concrete or similar masses able to be heaped or cast
    • E04G21/04Devices for both conveying and distributing
    • E04G21/0418Devices for both conveying and distributing with distribution hose
    • E04G21/0436Devices for both conveying and distributing with distribution hose on a mobile support, e.g. truck
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04GSCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
    • E04G21/00Preparing, conveying, or working-up building materials or building elements in situ; Other devices or measures for constructional work
    • E04G21/02Conveying or working-up concrete or similar masses able to be heaped or cast
    • E04G21/04Devices for both conveying and distributing
    • E04G21/0418Devices for both conveying and distributing with distribution hose
    • E04G21/0445Devices for both conveying and distributing with distribution hose with booms
    • E04G21/0454Devices for both conveying and distributing with distribution hose with booms with boom vibration damper mechanisms

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a vibration suppression method, a controller, a device, and a pump truck for a pump truck boom, and more particularly to a method, a controller, a device, and a pump truck for suppressing vibration of a pump boom in a swing direction .
  • the boom is a relatively common type of top-loading structure.
  • the boom usually needs to be moved, rotated or translated. In this process, if the vibration of the boom in the direction of rotation may not only affect the work of the upper structure, but also affect the structure of the boom or the upper structure. Service life, and even cause an accident.
  • the boom is a multi-joint hinged flexible flexible cantilever beam structure.
  • the vibration in the direction of rotation is serious, it not only affects the pump structure.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a vibration suppressing method for a pump truck boom which can suppress vibration of a pump boom in a turning direction.
  • the present invention provides a method for suppressing a swing vibration of a pump boom, the boom being mounted on a swing platform of the pump truck, the swing platform being driven by a hydraulic motor to drive the boom Swing, wherein the suppression method comprises:
  • the hydraulic motor is driven to reciprocate according to the control amount to suppress the rotational vibration of the boom.
  • the boom comprises N arm sections, and the detected vibration intensity is the vibration intensity of the arm section of the boom in the direction of rotation.
  • the detected attitude of the boom is the inclination of the N said arm sections with respect to a horizontal plane.
  • i(t) is the control amount
  • s(t) is the vibration intensity of the last arm section
  • C( t) is the dynamic characteristic parameter
  • t is time.
  • the pump truck further includes a pumping solenoid valve that controls pump activation, the suppression method further comprising detecting a commutation frequency of the pumping solenoid valve, the commutation frequency also being used for calculation of the control amount.
  • i(t) is the control amount
  • s(t) is the vibration intensity of the last arm section
  • ( ⁇ , ⁇ , ⁇ ⁇ ( ⁇ is the attitude of the arm section
  • commutation frequency, t is time.
  • the pump truck further includes a pumping cylinder that provides pumping power
  • the suppressing method further includes detecting an operating frequency of the pumping cylinder, the operating frequency also being used for calculation of the control amount.
  • i(t) is the control amount
  • s(t) is the vibration intensity of the last arm section
  • ( ⁇ , ⁇ , ⁇ ⁇ ( ⁇ is the attitude of the arm section
  • C(t) ) is the dynamic characteristic parameter
  • F 2 (t) is the operating frequency
  • t is time.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a vibration suppression controller for a pump boom that can implement the vibration suppression method provided by the present invention and suppress vibration of the boom in the swing direction.
  • the present invention provides a swing vibration suppression controller for a pump boom, the boom is mounted on a swing platform, and the swing platform is driven by a hydraulic motor to drive the boom to rotate.
  • the controller includes an input module, a processing module, and a control module that are sequentially connected, wherein The input module is configured to collect a vibration intensity signal of the boom and an attitude signal of the boom;
  • the processing module is configured to extract, according to the collected vibration intensity signal and the attitude signal, a corresponding dynamic characteristic parameter from a preset dynamic characteristic parameter database, calculate according to the vibration intensity signal and the attitude signal, and the dynamic characteristic parameter. Generating a control signal and transmitting the control signal to the control module;
  • the control module is configured to control the hydraulic motor to reciprocate according to the control signal.
  • the boom comprises N arm segments, and the vibration intensity signal is a vibration intensity signal of the last arm segment of the boom in the direction of rotation.
  • the detected attitude of the boom is the inclination of the N said arm sections with respect to a horizontal plane.
  • i(t) is the control amount
  • s(t) is the vibration intensity of the last arm section
  • C(t) ) is the dynamic characteristic parameter
  • t is time.
  • the pump truck further includes a pumping solenoid valve that controls pump activation
  • the input module is further configured to collect a commutation frequency signal of the pumping solenoid valve and transmit the signal to the processing module, where the processing module further The control signal is calculated using the commutation frequency signal.
  • i(t) is the control amount
  • s(t) is the vibration intensity of the last arm section
  • ( ⁇ , ⁇ , ⁇ ⁇ ( ⁇ is the attitude of the arm section) ) is the dynamic characteristic parameter
  • F ⁇ t) is the commutation frequency
  • t is time.
  • the pump truck further includes a pumping cylinder that provides pumping power
  • the input module is further configured to collect an operating frequency signal of the pumping cylinder and transmit the signal to the processing module, and the processing module further utilizes the pumping cylinder
  • the operating frequency signal calculates the control signal.
  • i(t) is the control amount
  • s(t) is the vibration intensity of the last arm section
  • ( ⁇ , ⁇ , ⁇ ⁇ ( ⁇ is the attitude of the arm section
  • C(t) ) is the dynamic characteristic parameter
  • F 2 (t) is the operating frequency
  • t is time.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a vibration suppression device for a pump truck, the vibration suppression device
  • the vibration suppression controller provided by the above-described invention of the present invention is included to suppress vibration of the boom in the direction of rotation.
  • the present invention provides a swing vibration suppressing device for a pump boom, the boom is mounted on a swing platform of the pump truck, and the swing platform is driven by a hydraulic motor to drive the boom.
  • the suppressing device includes a first sensor for detecting a vibration intensity of the boom, a second sensor for detecting a posture of the boom, and a controller, the controller including an input module sequentially connected Processing module and control module, wherein
  • the first sensor and the second sensor are connected to an input module of the controller, and the input module is configured to transmit a vibration intensity signal from the boom and an attitude signal of the boom to a processing module;
  • the processing module is configured to extract, according to the collected vibration intensity signal and the attitude signal, a corresponding dynamic characteristic parameter from a preset dynamic characteristic parameter database, calculate according to the vibration intensity signal and the attitude signal, and the dynamic characteristic parameter. Generating a control signal and transmitting the control signal to the control module;
  • the control module is configured to control the hydraulic motor to reciprocate according to the control signal.
  • the boom comprises N arm segments connected in series, and the last arm segment is connected to the hose, and the first sensor is used for detecting the vibration intensity of the last arm segment of the boom in the direction of rotation.
  • the first sensor is mounted on a side of the end arm section adjacent to one end of the hose and perpendicular to a side of the last arm section.
  • the first sensor is a displacement sensor, a speed sensor or an acceleration sensor.
  • the second sensor is a plurality, and the plurality of the second sensors are used for detecting an inclination of the N pieces of the arm section with respect to a horizontal plane.
  • the second sensor is an attitude sensor.
  • i(t) is the control amount
  • s(t) is the vibration intensity of the last arm section
  • C(t) ) is the dynamic characteristic parameter
  • t is time.
  • the pump truck further includes a pumping solenoid valve that controls pump activation
  • the vibration suppression device further includes a third sensor for detecting a commutation frequency of the pumping solenoid valve, the third sensor and the third sensor
  • An input module is connected, the input module is further configured to transmit the commutating frequency signal to The processing module further calculates, by using the commutation frequency signal, the control signal.
  • i(t) is the control amount
  • s(t) is the vibration intensity of the last arm section
  • ( ⁇ , ⁇ , ⁇ ⁇ ( ⁇ is the attitude of the arm section) ) is the dynamic characteristic parameter
  • F ⁇ t) is the commutation frequency
  • t is time.
  • the pump truck further includes a pumping cylinder that provides pumping power
  • the vibration suppression device further includes a fourth sensor for detecting an operating frequency of the pumping cylinder, the fourth sensor and the input module
  • the input module is further configured to transmit the working frequency signal to the processing module, and the processing module further calculates the generated control signal by using the working frequency signal.
  • i(t) is the control amount
  • s(t) is the vibration intensity of the last arm section
  • ( ⁇ , ⁇ , ⁇ ⁇ ( ⁇ is the attitude of the arm section
  • C(t) ) is the dynamic characteristic parameter
  • F 2 (t) is the operating frequency
  • t is time.
  • the suppression device further includes a vibration suppression solenoid valve coupled between the control module and the hydraulic motor, the vibration suppression solenoid valve controlling the hydraulic motor to reciprocate according to the control signal.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a pump truck comprising the vibration suppressing device provided by the above-described invention.
  • the attitude and vibration intensity of the boom are detected, and according to the data of the attitude and the vibration intensity, the required control amount can be obtained in a pre-established database, and the hydraulic motor of the pump truck is correspondingly according to the control amount.
  • the control thus suppresses the vibration of the pump boom in the direction of rotation, which not only reduces the risk of failure of the boom, but also improves the safety of related engineering operations.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic view of a pump truck
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing the connection between a hydraulic motor and a rotary platform according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a partially enlarged schematic view showing the circled portion shown in FIG. 2;
  • Fig. 4 is a view showing the vibration damping effect of the last arm section of the pump truck boom to which the technical solution of the present invention is applied. Description of the reference numerals
  • the invention provides a method for suppressing the swing vibration of a pump truck boom.
  • the boom 1 is mounted on a swing platform 2 of the pump truck, and the swing platform is driven by a hydraulic motor 3 to drive the boom 1 to rotate.
  • the suppression method includes:
  • the hydraulic motor 3 is driven to reciprocate according to the control amount to suppress the rotational vibration of the boom 1.
  • the shock generated by the pumping of the pumping truck or the inertia generated during the swinging operation of the boom causes the boom to vibrate in the direction of rotation, and the vibration in the direction of rotation causes great harm, so the present invention provides A method of suppressing vibration.
  • the method extracts the corresponding dynamic characteristic parameter from the preset dynamic characteristic parameter database by the vibration intensity and posture of the boom 1
  • the control signal to the hydraulic motor is calculated based on the vibration intensity and attitude and the extracted dynamic characteristic parameters, and the vibration of the boom 1 is suppressed by the reciprocating motion of the hydraulic motor.
  • the vibration intensity refers to the maximum amplitude value of the boom vibration
  • the boom attitude refers to the angle of the boom 1 with respect to the horizontal or vertical direction, that is, the clamp of each arm section of the boom 1 with respect to the horizontal or vertical direction. angle.
  • the dynamic characteristic parameter database is established in advance according to the dynamic characteristics of the arm section.
  • the establishment of the database may be based on training of experimental data and empirical values, or may be set according to actual working conditions.
  • the parameter value Therefore, the selection of the above dynamic characteristic parameters can be closer to the actual situation.
  • the dynamic characteristics of the boom itself are combined to calculate the control amount of the hydraulic motor 3, so that the obtained control amount is more accurate, so that the vibration of the boom in the direction of rotation is rapidly attenuation.
  • the output shaft of the hydraulic motor 3 drives the first gear 31 outside the output shaft to rotate, and the first gear 31 meshes with the second gear 21 disposed on the rotary platform 2, the second The gear 21 drives the rotary table 2 to rotate by its own rotation.
  • the reciprocating motion of the hydraulic motor 3 is transmitted to the rotary platform 2, and the rotary platform 2 drives the arm joint movement of the boom 1 connected thereto, that is, The first arm section movement is driven, and the movement of the first arm section is transmitted to the last arm section 11 in a certain proportion, and the ratio of the transmission is also related to the posture of the boom 1, that is, the clamping of each arm section with the horizontal or vertical direction. angle.
  • the frequency and amplitude of the reciprocating motion weaken the vibration of the original swivel direction of the end arm section 11.
  • the boom 1 includes N arm segments, and the detected vibration intensity is the vibration intensity of the last arm segment 11 of the boom 1 in the direction of rotation.
  • the swing vibration suppressing method of the present invention is mainly used to attenuate the vibration of the end arm section 11 in the direction of rotation, it is preferable to measure only the vibration intensity of the last arm section 11.
  • the attitude of the detected boom is an inclination of N of said arm sections with respect to a horizontal plane.
  • the attitude of an object in space can be measured in various ways, but for the boom 1 of the pump truck, each arm section is on the same vertical plane, so for the method of the present invention, only N needs to be measured.
  • the angle between the arm sections and the horizontal or vertical direction may be sufficient, and the angle between the arm sections with respect to the horizontal plane is preferably measured.
  • i(t) is the control amount
  • S(t) is the vibration intensity of the last arm section
  • (0, ⁇ , ⁇ ⁇ (0 is the attitude of each of the arm sections
  • C( t) is the dynamic characteristic parameter
  • t is time.
  • the control amount may be expressed as a link vibration intensity and attitude, and a mapping of corresponding dynamic characteristic parameters, wherein the arm joint vibration intensity is the vibration intensity s of the last arm segment 11 (t ), the arm section posture is the posture of N arm sections
  • the dynamic characteristic parameter is extracted from the dynamic characteristic parameter database according to the vibration intensity and posture corresponding to the arm section.
  • the pump truck further includes a pumping solenoid valve that controls pump activation, the suppression method further comprising detecting a commutation frequency of the pumping solenoid valve, the commutation frequency also being used for calculation of the control amount.
  • the frequency of the pumped mechanical vibration is important to the swing vibration of the boom. influences. Therefore, in the swing vibration suppression method of the present invention, it is also necessary to detect the commutation frequency of the pumping solenoid valve that controls the pump start of the pump truck, that is, to detect the pumping frequency of the pump truck, and thus calculate the control amount for the hydraulic motor.
  • the commutation frequency of the pumping solenoid valve should also be taken into consideration as a factor, that is, the calculation of the control amount is based on the vibration intensity and attitude of the boom 1 and the commutation frequency of the pumping solenoid valve.
  • i(t) is the control amount
  • s(t) is the vibration intensity of the last arm section
  • ( ⁇ , ⁇ , ⁇ ⁇ ( ⁇ is the attitude of the arm section) ) is the dynamic characteristic parameter
  • F ⁇ t) is the commutation frequency
  • t is time.
  • the amount of control is also related to the pumping frequency of the pump truck, in the preferred embodiment described above, the pumping frequency of the pump truck is reflected by detecting the commutation frequency of the pumping solenoid valve. Therefore, the control amount can be expressed as the mapping of the end arm vibration intensity, the attitude of the N arm sections, the corresponding dynamic characteristic parameters, and the commutation frequency of the pumping solenoid valve.
  • the pump truck further includes a pumping cylinder that provides pumping power
  • the suppressing method further includes detecting an operating frequency of the pumping cylinder, the operating frequency also being used for calculation of the control amount.
  • the present embodiment utilizes the operating frequency of the pumping cylinder to reflect the pumping frequency of the pumping truck.
  • the pumping cylinder once drives the pumping truck to perform one pumping, and the pumping frequency is used by the pumping truck.
  • the principle of calculating the control amount is the same and will not be described here. Therefore, an alternative embodiment is provided herein, in which the operating frequency of the pumping cylinder can be detected instead of detecting the commutation frequency of the pumping solenoid valve, that is, the calculation of the control amount is based on the vibration intensity of the boom 1. And attitude, and the operating frequency of the pumping cylinder.
  • i(t) is the control amount
  • s(t) is the vibration intensity of the last arm section
  • ( ⁇ , ⁇ , ⁇ ⁇ ( ⁇ is the attitude of the arm section
  • C(t) ) is the dynamic characteristic parameter
  • F 2 (t) is the operating frequency
  • t is time.
  • the pumping frequency of the pump truck is reflected by detecting the operating frequency of the pumping cylinder. Therefore, the control amount can be expressed as a map of the vibration intensity of the last arm section, the attitude of the N arm sections, the corresponding dynamic characteristic parameter, and the operating frequency of the pumping cylinder.
  • the present invention also provides a swing vibration suppression controller of a pump truck boom, the boom 1 is mounted on a swing platform 2, and the swing platform is driven by a hydraulic motor 3 to drive the boom 1 to rotate.
  • the controller includes an input module, a processing module, and a control module that are sequentially connected, where
  • the input module is configured to collect a vibration intensity signal of the boom 1 and a posture signal of the boom 1;
  • the processing module is configured to extract, according to the collected vibration intensity signal and the attitude signal, a corresponding dynamic characteristic parameter from a preset dynamic characteristic parameter database, calculate according to the vibration intensity signal and the attitude signal, and the dynamic characteristic parameter. Generating a control signal and transmitting the control signal to the control module;
  • the control module is configured to control the hydraulic motor 3 to reciprocate according to the control signal.
  • the shock generated by the pumping of the pumping truck or the inertia generated during the swinging operation of the boom causes the boom to vibrate in the direction of rotation, and the vibration in the direction of rotation causes great harm, so the present invention provides A controller that suppresses vibration.
  • the controller includes an input module, a processing module and a control module, and the input module is configured to detect the vibration intensity and posture of the boom 1 and transmit to the processing module, and the processing module is configured to use the vibration intensity and the attitude value from the preset dynamics
  • the corresponding dynamic characteristic parameter is extracted from the characteristic parameter database, and the control signal to the hydraulic motor is calculated by combining the vibration intensity and posture of the boom and the dynamic characteristic parameter, and the control module controls the reciprocating motion of the hydraulic motor to suppress the arm by the control signal Frame 1 vibrates.
  • the vibration intensity refers to the maximum amplitude value of the boom vibration
  • the boom attitude refers to the angle of the boom 1 with respect to the horizontal or vertical direction, that is, the clamp of each arm section of the boom 1 with respect to the horizontal or vertical direction. angle.
  • the output shaft of the hydraulic motor 3 drives the first gear 31 outside the output shaft to rotate, and the first gear 31 meshes with the second gear 21 disposed on the rotary platform 2, the second The gear 21 drives the rotary table 2 to rotate by its own rotation.
  • the reciprocating motion of the hydraulic motor 3 is transmitted to the rotary platform 2, and the rotary platform 2 drives the arm joint movement of the boom 1 connected thereto, that is, When the first arm section is moved, the movement of the first arm section is transmitted to the last arm section 11 in a certain proportion, and the ratio of the transmission is also related to the posture of the boom 1, that is, the clamping of each arm section in the horizontal or vertical direction. angle.
  • the frequency and amplitude of the reciprocating motion weaken the vibration of the original swivel direction of the end arm section 11.
  • the boom 1 includes N arm segments, and the vibration intensity signal is a vibration intensity signal of the last arm segment 11 of the boom 1 in the direction of rotation.
  • the swing vibration suppression controller of the present invention is mainly used to control the vibration for attenuating the direction of rotation of the last arm section 11, it is preferable that the input module only needs to acquire the vibration intensity signal of the last arm section 11.
  • the detected attitude of the boom is the inclination of the N said arm sections with respect to a horizontal plane.
  • the attitude of an object in space can be measured in various ways, but for the boom 1 of the pump truck, each arm section is on the same vertical plane, so for the controller of the present invention, the input module only It is only necessary to collect the angle signals of the arm sections with the horizontal or vertical direction, and preferably the angles of the arm sections with respect to the horizontal plane are collected.
  • i(t) is the control amount
  • s(t) is the vibration intensity of the last arm section
  • C(t) ) is the dynamic characteristic parameter
  • t is time.
  • the control amount may be expressed as a link vibration intensity and attitude, and a mapping of corresponding dynamic characteristic parameters, wherein the arm joint vibration intensity is the vibration intensity s of the last arm segment 11 (t ), the arm section posture is the posture of N arm sections
  • the dynamic characteristic parameter is extracted from the dynamic characteristic parameter database according to the vibration intensity and posture corresponding to the arm section.
  • the pump truck further includes a pumping solenoid valve that controls pump activation
  • the input module is further configured to collect a commutation frequency signal of the pumping solenoid valve and transmit the signal to the processing module, where the processing module further The control signal is calculated using the commutation frequency signal.
  • the input module also needs to collect the commutation frequency signal of the pumping solenoid valve that controls the pump of the pump truck, that is, the pumping frequency signal of the pump truck, so in the processing module
  • the commutation frequency of the pumping solenoid valve should also be taken into consideration as a factor, that is, the calculation of the control amount is based on the vibration intensity and attitude of the boom 1, and the pumping electromagnetic The commutation frequency of the valve.
  • i(t) is the control amount
  • s(t) is the vibration intensity of the last arm section
  • ( ⁇ , ⁇ , ⁇ ⁇ ( ⁇ is the attitude of the arm section) ) is the dynamic characteristic parameter
  • F ⁇ t) is the commutation frequency
  • t is time.
  • the amount of control is also related to the pumping frequency of the pump truck, in the preferred embodiment described above, the pumping frequency of the pump truck is reflected by detecting the commutation frequency of the pumping solenoid valve. Therefore, the control amount can be expressed as the mapping of the end arm vibration intensity, the attitude of the N arm sections, the corresponding dynamic characteristic parameters, and the commutation frequency of the pumping solenoid valve.
  • the pump truck further includes a pumping cylinder that provides pumping power
  • the input module is further configured to collect an operating frequency signal of the pumping cylinder and transmit the signal to the processing module, and the processing module further utilizes the pumping cylinder
  • the operating frequency signal calculates the control signal.
  • the present embodiment utilizes the operating frequency of the pumping cylinder to reflect the pumping frequency of the pumping truck.
  • the pumping cylinder once drives the pumping truck to perform one pumping, and the pumping frequency is used by the pumping truck.
  • the principle of calculating the control amount is the same and will not be described here. Therefore, an alternative embodiment is provided.
  • the input module can be used to collect the working frequency signal of the pumping cylinder instead of collecting the commutation frequency signal of the pumping solenoid valve, that is, the calculation of the control amount is based on the boom.
  • the vibration intensity and attitude of 1 and the working frequency of the pumping cylinder is based on the boom.
  • i(t) is the control amount
  • s(t) is the vibration intensity of the last arm section
  • ( ⁇ , ⁇ , ⁇ ⁇ ( ⁇ is the attitude of the arm section
  • C(t) ) is the dynamic characteristic parameter
  • F 2 (t) is the operating frequency
  • t is time.
  • the control amount can be expressed as a map of the vibration intensity of the last arm section, the attitude of the N arm sections, the corresponding dynamic characteristic parameter, and the operating frequency of the pumping cylinder.
  • the present invention also provides a swing vibration suppression device for a pump truck boom, the boom 1 being mounted on a swing platform 2 of the pump truck, the swing platform being driven by a hydraulic motor 3 to drive the boom 1 Rotating, wherein the suppressing means includes a first sensor for detecting the vibration intensity of the boom 1, a second sensor for detecting the posture of the boom 1, and a controller, the controller including the sequentially connected An input module, a processing module, and a control module, wherein
  • the first sensor and the second sensor are connected to an input module of the controller, and the input module is configured to transmit a vibration intensity signal from the boom 1 and an attitude signal of the boom 1 to a processing module ;
  • the processing module is configured to extract, according to the collected vibration intensity signal and the attitude signal, a corresponding dynamic characteristic parameter from a preset dynamic characteristic parameter database, calculate according to the vibration intensity signal and the attitude signal, and the dynamic characteristic parameter. Generating a control signal and transmitting the control signal to the control module;
  • the control module is configured to control the hydraulic motor according to the control signal.
  • the vibration suppression device includes a first sensor for detecting the vibration intensity of the boom 1, a second sensor for detecting the attitude of the boom 1, and a controller including an input module, a processing module, and a control a module for detecting vibration intensity and attitude signals of the boom 1 and transmitting the signal to the processing module, wherein the processing module is configured to extract corresponding dynamic characteristic parameters from the preset dynamic characteristic parameter database by using the vibration intensity and attitude signals And combining the vibration intensity and the attitude signal and the dynamic characteristic parameter to calculate a control signal for the hydraulic motor, and the control module controls the reciprocating motion of the hydraulic motor to suppress the vibration of the boom 1 by the control signal.
  • the vibration intensity refers to the maximum amplitude value of the boom vibration
  • the boom attitude refers to the angle of the boom 1 with respect to the horizontal or vertical direction, that is, the clamp of each arm section of the boom 1 with respect to the horizontal or vertical direction. angle.
  • the output shaft of the hydraulic motor 3 drives the first gear 31 outside the output shaft to rotate, and the first gear 31 meshes with the second gear 21 disposed on the rotary platform 2,
  • the second gear 21 rotates the rotary table 2 by its own rotation.
  • the reciprocating motion of the hydraulic motor 3 is transmitted to the rotary platform 2, and the rotary platform 2 drives the arm joint motion of the boom 1 connected thereto. , that is, to drive the first arm section movement, the movement of the first arm section is transmitted to the last arm section 11 in a certain proportion, and the ratio of the transmission is also related to the posture of the boom 1, that is, each arm section is horizontal or vertical.
  • the angle of the direction The frequency and amplitude of the reciprocating motion weaken the vibration of the original swivel direction of the end arm section 11.
  • the boom 1 includes N arm joints connected in series, the last arm joint 11 is connected to a hose, and the first sensor is used for detecting the vibration intensity of the last arm joint 11 of the boom 1 in the direction of rotation. .
  • the swing vibration suppressing device of the present invention is mainly used to control the vibration for attenuating the direction of rotation of the last arm section 11, it is preferable that the first sensor only needs to measure the vibration intensity signal of the last arm section 11.
  • the first sensor is mounted on a side of the end arm section 11 near one end of the hose and perpendicular to a side surface of the last arm section 11.
  • the first sensor for measuring the vibration intensity of the end arm segment 11 in the direction of rotation should also be disposed along the direction of rotation of the boom, that is, along the vertical direction. It is arranged in the direction of the last arm section 11.
  • the first sensor is a displacement sensor, a speed sensor or an acceleration sensor.
  • the first sensor can be arbitrarily selected as a displacement sensor, a speed sensor or an acceleration sensor.
  • the second sensor is a plurality, and the plurality of the second sensors are used for detecting an inclination of the N arms relative to a horizontal plane.
  • each arm section is on the same vertical plane, so for the method of the present invention, only each measurement needs to be measured.
  • the angle between the arm joint and the horizontal or vertical direction may be sufficient.
  • the rotary vibration suppression device includes a plurality of second sensors, and each of the second sensors respectively measures an angle of each arm joint with respect to a horizontal plane.
  • the second sensor is an attitude sensor.
  • the attitude sensor measures various parameters of the object with respect to the horizontal or vertical direction, thereby judging the posture of the object.
  • the second sensor is preferably used to measure more accurately and reliably using such an attitude sensor.
  • i(t) is the control amount
  • s(t) is the vibration intensity of the last arm section
  • C(t) ) is the dynamic characteristic parameter
  • t is time.
  • the control amount may be expressed as a link vibration intensity and attitude, and a mapping of corresponding dynamic characteristic parameters, wherein the arm joint vibration intensity is the vibration intensity s of the last arm segment 11 (t ), the arm section posture is the posture of N arm sections
  • the dynamic characteristic parameter is extracted from the dynamic characteristic parameter database according to the vibration intensity and posture corresponding to the arm section.
  • the pump truck further includes a pumping solenoid valve that controls pump activation
  • the vibration suppression device further includes a third sensor for detecting a commutation frequency of the pumping solenoid valve, the third sensor and the third sensor
  • the input module is further configured to transmit the commutation frequency signal to the processing module, and the processing module further calculates the control signal by using the commutation frequency signal.
  • a third sensor is also required to detect the commutation frequency of the pumping solenoid valve that controls the pumping of the pump truck, that is, to detect the pumping frequency of the pump truck, and transmit it to the input module.
  • the processing module calculates the control amount of the hydraulic motor
  • the commutation frequency of the pumping solenoid valve is also taken into consideration as a factor, that is, the calculation of the control amount is based on the vibration intensity and posture of the boom 1 , and the commutation frequency of the pumping solenoid valve.
  • i(t) is the control amount
  • s(t) is the vibration intensity of the last arm section
  • ( ⁇ , ⁇ , ⁇ ⁇ ( ⁇ is the attitude of the arm section) ) is the dynamic characteristic parameter
  • F ⁇ t) is the commutation frequency
  • t is time.
  • the amount of control is also related to the pumping frequency of the pump truck, in the preferred embodiment described above, the pumping frequency of the pump truck is reflected by detecting the commutation frequency of the pumping solenoid valve. Therefore, the control amount can be expressed as the vibration intensity of the last arm section, the attitude of the N arm sections, the corresponding dynamic characteristic parameters, and the pumping power.
  • the mapping of the commutation frequency of the magnetic valve is also related to the pumping frequency of the pump truck.
  • the pump truck further includes a pumping cylinder that provides pumping power
  • the vibration suppression device further includes a fourth sensor for detecting an operating frequency of the pumping cylinder, the fourth sensor and the input module
  • the input module is further configured to transmit the working frequency signal to the processing module, and the processing module further calculates the generated control signal by using the working frequency signal.
  • the present embodiment utilizes the operating frequency of the pumping cylinder to reflect the pumping frequency of the pumping truck.
  • the pumping cylinder once drives the pumping truck to perform one pumping, and the pumping frequency is used by the pumping truck.
  • the principle of calculating the control amount is the same and will not be described here. Therefore, an alternative embodiment is provided herein, wherein the fourth sensor can be used to detect the operating frequency of the pumping cylinder instead of detecting the commutation frequency of the pumping solenoid valve, and the operating frequency signal is transmitted to the input module. That is to say, the calculation of the control amount by the processing module is based on the vibration intensity and attitude of the boom 1 and the operating frequency of the pumping cylinder.
  • i(t) is the control amount
  • s(t) is the vibration intensity of the last arm section
  • ( ⁇ , ⁇ , ⁇ ⁇ ( ⁇ is the attitude of the arm section
  • C(t) ) is the dynamic characteristic parameter
  • F 2 (t) is the operating frequency
  • t is time.
  • the pumping frequency of the pump truck is reflected by detecting the operating frequency of the pumping cylinder. Therefore, the control amount can be expressed as a map of the vibration intensity of the last arm section, the attitude of the N arm sections, the corresponding dynamic characteristic parameter, and the operating frequency of the pumping cylinder.
  • the suppression device further includes a vibration suppression solenoid valve connected between the control module and the hydraulic motor 3, the vibration suppression solenoid valve controlling the hydraulic motor 3 to reciprocate according to the control signal.
  • the controller of the swing vibration suppression device of the present invention preferably controls the hydraulic motor 3 by means of a vibration suppression solenoid valve disposed between the control module and the hydraulic motor 3, the vibration suppression solenoid valve being The control signal of the control module is turned on or off, and the vibration suppression solenoid valve controls the hydraulic motor 3 to rotate forward or reverse according to its own conduction or cutoff, that is, to control the reciprocating motion of the hydraulic motor 3.
  • the present invention also provides a pump truck, wherein the pump truck includes the swing vibration suppressing device provided by the present invention.
  • the swing vibration suppression device of the above technical solution can effectively reduce the pump arm
  • the vibration of the frame 1 in the direction of rotation increases the safety of the pump itself and the safety of operation.
  • the concrete pump truck boom under actual working conditions is experimentally measured by using the technical solution of the present invention. It can be seen from the experimental results that the technical solution of the present invention can make the vibration of the concrete pump truck boom rotate in the ideal working condition. 80%.
  • This experiment uses a 5-arm section concrete pump truck, which has a resonant frequency of 0.28 Hz in the horizontal attitude. It can be known from the vibration theory that the vibration control at the resonant frequency best describes the performance of the active damping system.
  • Figure 4 is a time history diagram of the displacement of the pump arm at the end of the boom section, wherein the 0-25s and 100s-125s time periods are not subjected to vibration reduction control, and the time period between 25s and 100s is turned on. Damping control. It can be seen that the amplitude of the vibration displacement in the direction of rotation of the last arm section 11 which is not subjected to the vibration damping control reaches about 350 mm, and in the stage of the vibration damping control, the vibration displacement amplitude of the last arm section 11 can be quickly stabilized within 2 s. After about 80 mm, after the vibration damping control according to the technical solution of the present invention, the vibration in the direction of rotation of the pump boom is converged at about 80%.

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Description

泵车及其臂架的振动抑制方法、 控制器和装置
技术领域
本发明涉及一种泵车臂架的振动抑制方法、 控制器、 装置以及泵车, 具体地, 涉及一种抑制泵车臂架在回转方向上振动的方法、 控制器、 装置 以及一种泵车。 背景技术
目前, 对于具有上装结构的特种车辆来说, 臂架是较为常见的一种上 装结构。 在工作过程中, 臂架通常需要进行伸缩、 旋转或平移等运动, 在 此过程中如果臂架发生回转方向上的振动不但有可能会影响上装结构的工 作, 还可能影响臂架或者上装结构的使用寿命, 甚至引起事故。
以混凝土泵车为例, 臂架为多关节铰接的细长柔性悬臂梁结构, 在臂 架进行回转操作时或泵送混凝土施工过程中, 如果在回转方向上的振动严 重, 不仅影响泵车结构件的使用寿命, 而且容易引起重大的人身伤亡事故。 因此, 如何有效地抑制臂架的振动, 尤其是臂架在回转方向上的振动, 对 于提高臂架操纵安全性有着重大意义。
以混凝土泵车为例, 在现有技术中, 通常利用调低泵送档位以降低泵 送排量和泵送效率的手段, 或者是改变臂架姿态, 从而调整臂架固有频率, 但是上述方法耗时耗力, 影响施工工期。 发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种泵车臂架的振动抑制方法, 该振动抑制方法 能够抑制泵车臂架在回转方向上的振动。
为了实现上述目的, 本发明提供一种泵车臂架的回转振动抑制方法, 所述臂架安装在所述泵车的回转平台上, 所述回转平台由液压马达驱动从 而带动所述臂架进行回转, 其中, 所述抑制方法包括:
检测所述臂架的振动烈度和所述臂架的姿态;
通过所述振动烈度和姿态从预先设置的动态特性参数数据库中提取对 应的动态特性参数;
根据所述振动烈度和姿态, 以及所述动态特性参数计算对所述液压马 达进行控制的控制量;
根据该控制量驱动所述液压马达往复运动以抑制所述臂架的回转振 动。
优选地, 所述臂架包括 N个臂节, 所检测的振动烈度为所述臂架的末 臂节在回转方向上的振动烈度。
优选地, 所检测的臂架的姿态为 N个所述臂节相对于水平面的倾角。 优选地, 对所述液压马达进行控制的控制量通过以下方式计算: i(t) = f(S(t), ¾(!),···, ZN(t), C(t));
其中, i(t)为对所述控制量, s(t)为所述末臂节振动烈度, (ο,···,ζΝ(ο 分别为 Ν个所述臂节的姿态, C(t)为所述动态特性参数, t为时间。
优选地, 所述泵车还包括控制泵启动的泵送电磁阀, 所述抑制方法还 包括检测该泵送电磁阀的换向频率, 该换向频率也用于所述控制量的计算。
优选地, 对所述液压马达进行控制的控制量通过以下方式计算: i(t) = f(S(t), ¾(!),···, ZN(t), C(t), F1(t)) -,
其中, i(t)为对所述控制量, s(t)为所述末臂节振动烈度, (ο,···,ζΝ(ο 为 Ν个所述臂节的姿态, C(t)为所述动态特性参数, 为所述换向频率, t为时间。
优选地, 所述泵车还包括提供泵送动力的泵送油缸, 所述抑制方法还 包括检测所述泵送油缸的工作频率, 该工作频率也用于所述控制量的计算。
优选地, 对所述液压马达进行控制的控制量通过以下方式计算: i(t) = f(S(t), ¾(!),···, ZN(t), C(t), F2(t));
其中, i(t)为对所述控制量, s(t)为所述末臂节振动烈度, (ο,···,ζΝ(ο 为 Ν个所述臂节的姿态, C(t)为所述动态特性参数, F2(t)为所述工作频率, t为时间。
本发明的另一个目的是提供一种泵车臂架的振动抑制控制器, 该振动 抑制控制器能够实现本发明上述所提供的振动抑制方法, 抑制臂架在回转 方向上的振动。
为了实现上述目的, 本发明提供一种泵车臂架的回转振动抑制控制器, 所述臂架安装在回转平台上, 所述回转平台由液压马达驱动从而带动所述 臂架进行回转, 所述控制器包括依次连接的输入模块、 处理模块和控制模 块, 其中, 所述输入模块用于采集所述臂架的振动烈度信号和所述臂架的姿态信 号;
所述处理模块用于通过采集到的所述振动烈度信号和姿态信号从预先 设置的动态特性参数数据库中提取对应的动态特性参数、 根据所述振动烈 度信号和姿态信号以及所述动态特性参数计算产生控制信号, 并将该控制 信号传送给所述控制模块;
所述控制模块用于根据所述控制信号控制所述液压马达往复运动。 优选地, 所述臂架包括 N个臂节, 所述振动烈度信号为所述臂架的末 臂节在回转方向上的振动烈度信号。
优选地, 所检测的臂架的姿态为 N个所述臂节相对于水平面的倾角。 优选地, 对所述液压马达进行控制的控制量通过以下方式计算: i(t) = f(S(t), ¾(!),···, ZN(t), C(t));
其中, i(t)为对所述控制量, s(t)为所述末臂节振动烈度, (ο,···,ζΝ(ο 为 Ν个所述臂节的姿态, C(t)为所述动态特性参数, t为时间。
优选地, 所述泵车还包括控制泵启动的泵送电磁阀, 所述输入模块还 用于采集所述泵送电磁阀的换向频率信号并传送到所述处理模块, 所述处 理模块还利用该换向频率信号计算所述控制信号。
优选地, 对所述液压马达进行控制的控制量通过以下方式计算: i(t) = f(S(t), ¾(!),···, ZN(t), C(t), FiCt));
其中, i(t)为对所述控制量, s(t)为所述末臂节振动烈度, (ο,···,ζΝ(ο 为 Ν个所述臂节的姿态, C(t)为所述动态特性参数, F^t)为所述换向频率, t为时间。
优选地, 所述泵车还包括提供泵送动力的泵送油缸, 所述输入模块还 用于采集所述泵送油缸的工作频率信号并传送到所述处理模块, 所述处理 模块还利用该工作频率信号计算所述控制信号。
优选地, 对所述液压马达进行控制的控制量通过以下方式计算: i(t) = f(S(t), ¾(!),···, ZN(t), C(t), F2(t));
其中, i(t)为对所述控制量, s(t)为所述末臂节振动烈度, (ο,···,ζΝ(ο 为 Ν个所述臂节的姿态, C(t)为所述动态特性参数, F2(t)为所述工作频率, t为时间。
本发明的另一个目的是提供一种泵车的振动抑制装置, 该振动抑制装 置包括本发明上述所提供的振动抑制控制器, 从而抑制臂架在回转方向上 的振动。
为了实现上述目的, 本发明提供一种泵车臂架的回转振动抑制装置, 所述臂架安装在所述泵车的回转平台上, 所述回转平台由液压马达驱动从 而带动所述臂架进行回转, 其中, 所述抑制装置包括用于检测所述臂架的 振动烈度的第一传感器、 用于检测所述臂架的姿态的第二传感器和控制器, 该控制器包括依次连接的输入模块、 处理模块和控制模块, 其中,
所述第一传感器和第二传感器与所述控制器的输入模块连接, 所述输 入模块用于将来自于所述臂架的振动烈度信号和所述臂架的姿态信号传送 到处理模块;
所述处理模块用于通过采集到的所述振动烈度信号和姿态信号从预先 设置的动态特性参数数据库中提取对应的动态特性参数、 根据所述振动烈 度信号和姿态信号以及所述动态特性参数计算产生控制信号, 并将该控制 信号传送给所述控制模块;
所述控制模块用于根据所述控制信号控制所述液压马达往复运动。 优选地, 所述臂架包括依次连接的 N个臂节, 末臂节连接软管, 所述 第一传感器用于检测所述臂架的末臂节在回转方向上的振动烈度。
优选地, 所述第一传感器安装在所述末臂节的靠近所述软管的一端的 侧面, 并与所述末臂节的侧面垂直。
优选地, 所述第一传感器为位移传感器、 速度传感器或者加速度传感 器。
优选地, 所述第二传感器为多个, 多个所述第二传感器用于检测 N个 所述臂节相对于水平面的倾角。
优选地, 所述第二传感器为姿态传感器。
优选地, 对所述液压马达进行控制的控制量通过以下方式计算: i(t) = f(S(t), ¾(!),···, ZN(t), C(t));
其中, i(t)为对所述控制量, s(t)为所述末臂节振动烈度, (ο,···,ζΝ(ο 为 Ν个所述臂节的姿态, C(t)为所述动态特性参数, t为时间。
优选地, 所述泵车还包括控制泵启动的泵送电磁阀, 所述振动抑制装 置还包括用于检测所述泵送电磁阀的换向频率的第三传感器, 该第三传感 器与所述输入模块连接, 所述输入模块还用于将所述换向频率信号传送到 所述处理模块, 所述处理模块还利用所述换向频率信号计算产生所述控制 信号。
优选地, 对所述液压马达进行控制的控制量通过以下方式计算: i(t) = f(S(t), ¾(!),···, ZN(t), C(t), FiCt));
其中, i(t)为对所述控制量, s(t)为所述末臂节振动烈度, (ο,···,ζΝ(ο 为 Ν个所述臂节的姿态, C(t)为所述动态特性参数, F^t)为所述换向频率, t为时间。
优选地, 所述泵车还包括提供泵送动力的泵送油缸, 所述振动抑制装 置还包括用于检测所述泵送油缸的工作频率的第四传感器, 该第四传感器 与所述输入模块连接, 所述输入模块还用于将所述工作频率信号传送到所 述处理模块, 所述处理模块还利用所述工作频率信号计算产生所述控制信 号。
优选地, 对所述液压马达进行控制的控制量通过以下方式计算: i(t) = f(S(t), ¾(!),···, ZN(t), C(t), F2(t));
其中, i(t)为对所述控制量, s(t)为所述末臂节振动烈度, (ο,···,ζΝ(ο 为 Ν个所述臂节的姿态, C(t)为所述动态特性参数, F2(t)为所述工作频率, t为时间。
优选地, 所述抑制装置还包括连接在所述控制模块和所述液压马达之 间的抑振电磁阀, 该抑振电磁阀根据所述控制信号控制所述液压马达往复 运动。
另外, 本发明的另一个目的是提供一种泵车, 该泵车包括本发明上述 所提供的振动抑制装置。
通过上述技术方案, 检测臂架的姿态和振动烈度, 根据姿态和振动烈 度的数据即可在预先建立的数据库中得出所需的控制量, 并根据该控制量 对泵车的液压马达进行相应的控制, 从而抑制泵车臂架在回转方向上的振 动, 不仅降低了臂架发生故障的危险, 还能提高相关工程操作的安全性。
本发明的其他特征和优点将在随后的具体实施方式部分予以详细说 明。 附图说明
附图是用来提供对本发明的进一步理解, 并且构成说明书的一部分, 与下面的具体实施方式一起用于解释本发明, 但并不构成对本发明的限制。 在附图中:
图 1是泵车的示意图;
图 2是本发明优选实施方式的液压马达和回转平台的连接示意图; 图 3是图 2所示的圈出部分的局部放大示意图;
图 4是应用本发明技术方案的泵车臂架的末臂节的减振效果图。 附图标记说明
1 臂架 2 回转平台
21 第二齿轮 3 液压马达
31 第一齿轮
11末臂节 具体实施方式
以下结合附图对本发明的具体实施方式进行详细说明。应当理解的是, 此处所描述的具体实施方式仅用于说明和解释本发明, 并不用于限制本发 明。 本发明提供一种泵车臂架的回转振动抑制方法, 所述臂架 1 安装在所 述泵车的回转平台 2上, 所述回转平台由液压马达 3驱动从而带动所述臂 架 1进行回转, 其中, 所述抑制方法包括:
检测所述臂架 1的振动烈度和所述臂架 1的姿态;
通过所述振动烈度和姿态从预先设置的动态特性参数数据库中提取对 应的动态特性参数;
根据所述振动烈度和姿态, 以及所述动态特性参数计算对所述液压马 达 3进行控制的控制量;
根据该控制量驱动所述液压马达 3往复运动以抑制所述臂架 1 的回转 振动。
由于泵车泵送时产生的冲击作用或臂架回转操作时产生的惯性作用会 导致臂架在回转方向上发生振动, 该回转方向上的振动会带来很大的危害, 因此本发明提供了一种抑制振动的方法。 该方法通过臂架 1 的振动烈度和 姿态来从预先设置的动态特性参数数据库中提取对应的动态特性参数, 再 根据振动烈度和姿态以及所提取的动态特性参数计算对液压马达的控制信 号, 并通过液压马达的往复运动来抑制臂架 1 振动。 其中, 振动烈度是指 臂架振动的最大振幅值, 臂架姿态指臂架 1相对于水平或竖直方向的夹角, 也就是臂架 1的各个臂节相对于水平或竖直方向的夹角。
需要说明的是, 本发明所述的动态特性参数数据库是指预先根据臂节 的动态特性建立起来的, 该数据库的建立可以基于实验数据及经验值的训 练, 或者是根据实际使用工况设定的参数值。 因此, 上述动态特性参数的 选取能够与实际情况更加接近。 并且, 在臂节的振动烈度和姿态的基础上 结合臂架自身的动态特性, 从而计算对液压马达 3 的控制量, 使得到的控 制量更加准确, 从而使臂架的回转方向的振动迅速地衰减。
其中, 如图 3所示, 液压马达 3的输出轴带动套在该输出轴外的第一 齿轮 31转动, 该第一齿轮 31与设置在回转平台 2上的第二齿轮 21啮合, 该第二齿轮 21通过自身的转动而带动回转平台 2转动, 通过这样的传动结 构, 液压马达 3的往复运动就传递给回转平台 2, 回转平台 2带动与之相连 的臂架 1 的臂节运动, 也就是带动第一臂节运动, 第一臂节的运动会以一 定比例传递到末臂节 11, 该传递的比例也与臂架 1的姿态有关, 也就是每 个臂节与水平或竖直方向的夹角。 该往复运动的频率和幅度使得末臂节 11 原有的回转方向的振动减弱。
优选地, 所述臂架 1包括 N个臂节, 所检测的振动烈度为所述臂架 1 的末臂节 11在回转方向上的振动烈度。
由于本发明的回转振动抑制方法主要用来减弱末臂节 11的回转方向的 振动, 因此优选地只需要测量末臂节 11的振动烈度。
优选地,所检测的臂架的姿态为为 N个所述臂节相对于水平面的倾角。 一个物体在空间中的姿态可以有多种衡量方法,但是对于泵车的臂架 1 来说, 各臂节都处于同一个竖直面上, 因此对于本发明的方法来说, 只需 要测量 N个臂节与水平或竖直方向的夹角即可, 优选地测量各臂节相对于 水平面的夹角。
优选地, 对所述液压马达 (3 ) 进行控制的控制量通过以下方式计算: i(t) =聯), ¾(!),···, ZN(t), C(t));
其中, i(t)为对所述控制量, S(t)为所述末臂节振动烈度, (0,···,ΖΝ(0 分别为 Ν个所述臂节的姿态, C(t)为所述动态特性参数, t为时间。 根据上文描述的控制量的计算方法, 所述控制量可以表示为臂节振动 烈度和姿态, 以及对应的动态特性参数的映射, 其中臂节振动烈度为末臂 节 11的振动烈度 s(t), 臂节姿态为 N个臂节的姿态
Figure imgf000009_0001
动态特 性参数为根据臂节的振动烈度和姿态对应从所述动态特性参数数据库中提 取的。
优选地, 所述泵车还包括控制泵启动的泵送电磁阀, 所述抑制方法还 包括检测该泵送电磁阀的换向频率, 该换向频率也用于所述控制量的计算。
由于泵车臂架的回转振动主要由泵车进行泵送时的冲击作用或臂架回 转操作时产生的惯性作用而产生, 所以该泵送的机械振动的频率对臂架的 回转振动有着重要的影响。 因此, 在本发明的回转振动抑制方法中, 还需 要检测控制泵车的泵启动的泵送电磁阀的换向频率, 也就是检测泵车的泵 送频率, 因此在计算对液压马达的控制量的时候也要将该泵送电磁阀的换 向频率作为一个因素考虑进来, 也就是说该控制量的计算是根据臂架 1 的 振动烈度和姿态, 以及泵送电磁阀的换向频率。
优选地, 对所述液压马达 (3 ) 进行控制的控制量通过以下方式计算: i(t) = f(S(t), ¾(!),···, ZN(t), C(t), FiCt));
其中, i(t)为对所述控制量, s(t)为所述末臂节振动烈度, (ο,···,ζΝ(ο 为 Ν个所述臂节的姿态, C(t)为所述动态特性参数, F^t)为所述换向频率, t为时间。
由于控制量还与泵车的泵送频率有关, 在上述的优选实施方式中通过 检测泵送电磁阀的换向频率来反映泵车的泵送频率。 因此, 控制量可以表 示为末臂节振动烈度、 N个臂节的姿态、 对应的动态特性参数以及泵送电 磁阀的换向频率的映射。
优选地, 所述泵车还包括提供泵送动力的泵送油缸, 所述抑制方法还 包括检测所述泵送油缸的工作频率, 该工作频率也用于所述控制量的计算。
与上述优选实施方式相类似地, 本实施方式利用泵送油缸的工作频率 来反映泵车的泵送频率, 泵送油缸的一次工作就带动泵车进行一次泵送, 利用泵车泵送频率来计算控制量的原理相同此处不再赘述。 因此, 这里提 供了一种替代的实施方式, 可以利用检测泵送油缸的工作频率代替检测上 述的泵送电磁阀的换向频率, 也就是说该控制量的计算是根据臂架 1 的振 动烈度和姿态, 以及泵送油缸的工作频率。 优选地, 对所述液压马达 (3 ) 进行控制的控制量通过以下方式计算: i(t) = f(S(t), ¾(!),···, ZN(t), C(t), F2(t));
其中, i(t)为对所述控制量, s(t)为所述末臂节振动烈度, (ο,···,ζΝ(ο 为 Ν个所述臂节的姿态, C(t)为所述动态特性参数, F2(t)为所述工作频率, t为时间。
在上述的本发明的另一个优选实施方式中, 通过检测泵送油缸的工作 频率来反映泵车的泵送频率。 因此, 控制量可以表示为末臂节振动烈度、 N 个臂节的姿态、 对应的动态特性参数以及泵送油缸的工作频率的映射。
另外, 本发明还提供一种泵车臂架的回转振动抑制控制器, 所述臂架 1 安装在回转平台 2上,所述回转平台由液压马达 3驱动从而带动所述臂架 1 进行回转, 所述控制器包括依次连接的输入模块、 处理模块和控制模块, 其中,
所述输入模块用于采集所述臂架 1的振动烈度信号和所述臂架 1的姿 态信号;
所述处理模块用于通过采集到的所述振动烈度信号和姿态信号从预先 设置的动态特性参数数据库中提取对应的动态特性参数、 根据所述振动烈 度信号和姿态信号以及所述动态特性参数计算产生控制信号, 并将该控制 信号传送给所述控制模块;
所述控制模块用于根据所述控制信号控制所述液压马达 3往复运动。 由于泵车泵送时产生的冲击作用或臂架回转操作时产生的惯性作用会 导致臂架在回转方向上发生振动, 该回转方向上的振动会带来很大的危害, 因此本发明提供了一种抑制振动的控制器。 该控制器包括输入模块、 处理 模块和控制模块, 该输入模块用于检测臂架 1 的振动烈度和姿态并传送到 处理模块, 该处理模块用来通过上述振动烈度和姿态值从预先设置的动态 特性参数数据库中提取对应的动态特性参数, 在结合臂架的振动烈度和姿 态以及该动态特性参数来计算对液压马达的控制信号, 该控制模块通过该 控制信号控制液压马达的往复运动从而抑制臂架 1 振动。 其中, 振动烈度 是指臂架振动的最大振幅值, 臂架姿态指臂架 1 相对于水平或竖直方向的 夹角, 也就是臂架 1的各个臂节相对于水平或竖直方向的夹角。
有关于动态特性参数数据库的建立及作用已经在上文进行了详细的介 绍, 此处不再赘述。 其中, 如图 2所示, 液压马达 3的输出轴带动套在该输出轴外的第一 齿轮 31转动, 该第一齿轮 31与设置在回转平台 2上的第二齿轮 21啮合, 该第二齿轮 21通过自身的转动而带动回转平台 2转动, 通过这样的传动结 构, 液压马达 3的往复运动就传递给回转平台 2, 回转平台 2带动与之相连 的臂架 1 的臂节运动, 也就是带动第一臂节运动, 第一臂节的运动会以一 定比例传递到末臂节 11, 该传递的比例也与臂架 1的姿态有关, 也就是每 个臂节于水平或竖直方向的夹角。 该往复运动的频率和幅度使得末臂节 11 原有的回转方向的振动减弱。
优选地, 所述臂架 1包括 N个臂节, 所述振动烈度信号为所述臂架 1 的末臂节 11在回转方向上的振动烈度信号。
由于本发明的回转振动抑制控制器主要用来控制减弱末臂节 11的回转 方向的振动, 因此优选地, 输入模块只需要采集末臂节 11的振动烈度信号 即可。
优选地, 所检测的臂架的姿态为 N个所述臂节相对于水平面的倾角。 一个物体在空间中的姿态可以有多种衡量方法,但是对于泵车的臂架 1 来说, 各臂节都处于同一个竖直面上, 因此对于本发明的控制器来说, 输 入模块只需要采集各臂节与水平或竖直方向的夹角信号即可, 优选地采集 各臂节相对于水平面的夹角。
优选地, 对所述液压马达 3进行控制的控制量通过以下方式计算: i(t) =聯), ¾(!),···, ZN(t), C(t));
其中, i(t)为对所述控制量, s(t)为所述末臂节振动烈度, (ο,···,ζΝ(ο 为 Ν个所述臂节的姿态, C(t)为所述动态特性参数, t为时间。
根据上文描述的控制量的计算方法, 所述控制量可以表示为臂节振动 烈度和姿态, 以及对应的动态特性参数的映射, 其中臂节振动烈度为末臂 节 11的振动烈度 s(t), 臂节姿态为 N个臂节的姿态
Figure imgf000011_0001
动态特 性参数为根据臂节的振动烈度和姿态对应从所述动态特性参数数据库中提 取的。
优选地, 所述泵车还包括控制泵启动的泵送电磁阀, 所述输入模块还 用于采集所述泵送电磁阀的换向频率信号并传送到所述处理模块, 所述处 理模块还利用该换向频率信号计算所述控制信号。
由于泵车臂架的回转振动主要由泵车进行泵送时的冲击作用或臂架回 转操作时产生的惯性作用而产生, 所以该泵送的机械振动的频率对臂架的 回转振动有着重要的影响。 因此, 在本发明的回转振动抑制控制器中, 输 入模块还需要采集控制泵车的泵启动的泵送电磁阀的换向频率信号, 也就 是采集泵车的泵送频率信号, 因此在处理模块计算对液压马达的控制量的 时候也要将该泵送电磁阀的换向频率作为一个因素考虑进来, 也就是说该 控制量的计算是根据臂架 1 的振动烈度和姿态, 以及泵送电磁阀的换向频 率。
优选地, 对所述液压马达 (3 ) 进行控制的控制量通过以下方式计算: i(t) = f(S(t), ¾(!),···, ZN(t), C(t), F1(t)) -,
其中, i(t)为对所述控制量, s(t)为所述末臂节振动烈度, (ο,···,ζΝ(ο 为 Ν个所述臂节的姿态, C(t)为所述动态特性参数, F^t)为所述换向频率, t为时间。
由于控制量还与泵车的泵送频率有关, 在上述的优选实施方式中通过 检测泵送电磁阀的换向频率来反映泵车的泵送频率。 因此, 控制量可以表 示为末臂节振动烈度、 N个臂节的姿态、 对应的动态特性参数以及泵送电 磁阀的换向频率的映射。
优选地, 所述泵车还包括提供泵送动力的泵送油缸, 所述输入模块还 用于采集所述泵送油缸的工作频率信号并传送到所述处理模块, 所述处理 模块还利用该工作频率信号计算所述控制信号。
与上述优选实施方式相类似地, 本实施方式利用泵送油缸的工作频率 来反映泵车的泵送频率, 泵送油缸的一次工作就带动泵车进行一次泵送, 利用泵车泵送频率来计算控制量的原理相同此处不再赘述。 因此, 这里提 供了一种替代的实施方式, 可以利用输入模块采集泵送油缸的工作频率信 号代替采集上述的泵送电磁阀的换向频率信号, 也就是说该控制量的计算 是根据臂架 1的振动烈度和姿态, 以及泵送油缸的工作频率。
优选地, 对所述液压马达 3进行控制的控制量通过以下方式计算: i(t) = f(S(t), ¾(!),···, ZN(t), C(t), F2(t));
其中, i(t)为对所述控制量, s(t)为所述末臂节振动烈度, (ο,···,ζΝ(ο 为 Ν个所述臂节的姿态, C(t)为所述动态特性参数, F2(t)为所述工作频率, t为时间。
在上述的本发明的另一个优选实施方式中, 通过检测泵送油缸的工作 频率来反映泵车的泵送频率。 因此, 控制量可以表示为末臂节振动烈度、 N 个臂节的姿态、 对应的动态特性参数以及泵送油缸的工作频率的映射。
本发明还提供一种泵车臂架的回转振动抑制装置, 所述臂架 1 安装在 所述泵车的回转平台 2上, 所述回转平台由液压马达 3驱动从而带动所述 臂架 1进行回转, 其中, 所述抑制装置包括用于检测所述臂架 1的振动烈 度的第一传感器、 用于检测所述臂架 1 的姿态的第二传感器和控制器, 该 控制器包括依次连接的输入模块、 处理模块和控制模块, 其中,
所述第一传感器和第二传感器与所述控制器的输入模块连接, 所述输 入模块用于将来自于所述臂架 1的振动烈度信号和所述臂架 1 的姿态信号 传送到处理模块;
所述处理模块用于通过采集到的所述振动烈度信号和姿态信号从预先 设置的动态特性参数数据库中提取对应的动态特性参数、 根据所述振动烈 度信号和姿态信号以及所述动态特性参数计算产生控制信号, 并将该控制 信号传送给所述控制模块;
所述控制模块用于根据所述控制信号对所述液压马达进行控制。
由于泵车泵送时产生的冲击作用或臂架回转操作时产生的惯性作用会 导致臂架在回转方向上发生振动, 该回转方向上的振动会带来很大的危害, 因此本发明提供了一种振动抑制装置。 该振动抑制装置包括用于检测所述 臂架 1 的振动烈度的第一传感器、 用于检测所述臂架 1 的姿态的第二传感 器和控制器, 该控制器包括输入模块、 处理模块和控制模块, 该输入模块 用于检测臂架 1 的振动烈度和姿态信号并传送到处理模块, 该处理模块用 来通过上述振动烈度和姿态信号从预先设置的动态特性参数数据库中提取 对应的动态特性参数, 再结合振动烈度和姿态信号以及该动态特性参数来 计算对液压马达的控制信号, 该控制模块通过该控制信号控制液压马达的 往复运动从而抑制臂架 1 振动。 其中, 振动烈度是指臂架振动的最大振幅 值, 臂架姿态指臂架 1相对于水平或竖直方向的夹角, 也就是臂架 1 的各 个臂节相对于水平或竖直方向的夹角。
有关于动态特性参数数据库的建立及作用已经在上文进行了详细的介 绍, 此处不再赘述。
其中, 如图 2所示, 液压马达 3的输出轴带动套在该输出轴外的第一 齿轮 31转动, 该第一齿轮 31与设置在回转平台 2上的第二齿轮 21啮合, 该第二齿轮 21通过自身的转动而带动回转平台 2转动, 通过这样的传动结 构, 液压马达 3的往复运动就传递给回转平台 2, 回转平台 2带动与之相连 的臂架 1 的臂节运动, 也就是带动第一臂节运动, 第一臂节的运动会以一 定比例传递到末臂节 11, 该传递的比例也与臂架 1的姿态有关, 也就是每 个臂节于水平或竖直方向的夹角。 该往复运动的频率和幅度使得末臂节 11 原有的回转方向的振动减弱。
优选地, 所述臂架 1包括依次连接的 N个臂节, 末臂节 11连接软管, 所述第一传感器用于检测所述臂架 1 的末臂节 11 在回转方向上的振动烈 度。
由于本发明的回转振动抑制装置主要用来控制减弱末臂节 11的回转方 向的振动, 因此优选地, 第一传感器只需要测量末臂节 11的振动烈度信号 即可。
优选地, 所述第一传感器安装在所述末臂节 11的靠近所述软管的一端 的侧面, 并与所述末臂节 11的侧面垂直。
由于本发明的回转振动抑制装置主要抑制回转方向上的振动, 因此用 于测量末臂节 11在回转方向上的振动烈度的第一传感器也应当沿着臂架的 回转方向设置, 即沿着垂直于末臂节 11的方向设置。
优选地, 所述第一传感器为位移传感器、 速度传感器或者加速度传感 器。 对于回转方向的振动的测量来说, 可以通过末臂节 11的回转速度、 加 速度以及位移等参数获得, 因此该第一传感器可以任意选择为位移传感器、 速度传感器或者加速度传感器。
优选地, 所述第二传感器为多个, 多个所述第二传感器用于检测 N个 所述臂相对于水平面的倾角。
一个物体在空间中的姿态可以有多种衡量方法,但是对于泵车的臂架 1 来说, 各臂节都处于同一个竖直面上, 因此对于本发明的方法来说, 只需 要测量各臂节与水平或竖直方向的夹角即可, 优选地, 该回转振动抑制装 置包括多个第二传感器, 各个第二传感器分别测量各臂节相对于水平面的 夹角。
优选地, 所述第二传感器为姿态传感器。 在现有的传感器中, 已经有 很多用来检测物体姿态的姿态传感器, 该姿态传感器测量将物体相对于水 平或竖直方向的多种参数, 从而判断该物体的姿态。 在本发明的装置中, 第二传感器优选为使用这种姿态传感器来更加精确可靠地测量。 优选地, 对所述液压马达 3进行控制的控制量通过以下方式计算: i(t) = f(S(t), ¾(!),···, ZN(t), C(t));
其中, i(t)为对所述控制量, s(t)为所述末臂节振动烈度, (ο,···,ζΝ(ο 为 Ν个所述臂节的姿态, C(t)为所述动态特性参数, t为时间。
根据上文描述的控制量的计算方法, 所述控制量可以表示为臂节振动 烈度和姿态, 以及对应的动态特性参数的映射, 其中臂节振动烈度为末臂 节 11的振动烈度 s(t), 臂节姿态为 N个臂节的姿态
Figure imgf000015_0001
动态特 性参数为根据臂节的振动烈度和姿态对应从所述动态特性参数数据库中提 取的。
优选地, 所述泵车还包括控制泵启动的泵送电磁阀, 所述振动抑制装 置还包括用于检测所述泵送电磁阀的换向频率的第三传感器, 该第三传感 器与所述输入模块连接, 所述输入模块还用于将所述换向频率信号传送到 所述处理模块, 所述处理模块还利用所述换向频率信号计算产生所述控制 信号。
由于泵车臂架的回转振动主要由泵车进行泵送时的冲击作用或臂架回 转操作时产生的惯性作用而产生, 所以该泵送的机械振动的频率对臂架的 回转振动有着重要的影响。 因此, 在本发明的回转振动抑制装置中, 还需 要第三传感器来检测控制泵车的泵启动的泵送电磁阀的换向频率, 也就是 检测泵车的泵送频率, 并传送到输入模块, 因此在处理模块计算对液压马 达的控制量的时候也要将该泵送电磁阀的换向频率作为一个因素考虑进 来, 也就是说该控制量的计算是根据臂架 1 的振动烈度和姿态, 以及泵送 电磁阀的换向频率。
优选地, 对所述液压马达 3进行控制的控制量通过以下方式计算: i(t) = f(S(t), ¾(!),···, ZN(t), C(t), FiCt));
其中, i(t)为对所述控制量, s(t)为所述末臂节振动烈度, (ο,···,ζΝ(ο 为 Ν个所述臂节的姿态, C(t)为所述动态特性参数, F^t)为所述换向频率, t为时间。
由于控制量还与泵车的泵送频率有关, 在上述的优选实施方式中通过 检测泵送电磁阀的换向频率来反映泵车的泵送频率。 因此, 控制量可以表 示为末臂节振动烈度、 N个臂节的姿态、 对应的动态特性参数以及泵送电 磁阀的换向频率的映射。
优选地, 所述泵车还包括提供泵送动力的泵送油缸, 所述振动抑制装 置还包括用于检测所述泵送油缸的工作频率的第四传感器, 该第四传感器 与所述输入模块连接, 所述输入模块还用于将所述工作频率信号传送到所 述处理模块, 所述处理模块还利用所述工作频率信号计算产生所述控制信 号。
与上述优选实施方式相类似地, 本实施方式利用泵送油缸的工作频率 来反映泵车的泵送频率, 泵送油缸的一次工作就带动泵车进行一次泵送, 利用泵车泵送频率来计算控制量的原理相同此处不再赘述。 因此, 这里提 供了一种替代的实施方式, 可以利用第四传感器来检测泵送油缸的工作频 率代替检测上述的泵送电磁阀的换向频率, 并将该工作频率信号传送到输 入模块, 也就是说处理模块对该控制量的计算是根据臂架 1 的振动烈度和 姿态, 以及泵送油缸的工作频率。
优选地, 对所述液压马达 3进行控制的控制量通过以下方式计算: i(t) = f(S(t), ¾(!),···, ZN(t), C(t), F2(t));
其中, i(t)为对所述控制量, s(t)为所述末臂节振动烈度, (ο,···,ζΝ(ο 为 Ν个所述臂节的姿态, C(t)为所述动态特性参数, F2(t)为所述工作频率, t为时间。
在上述的本发明的另一个优选实施方式中, 通过检测泵送油缸的工作 频率来反映泵车的泵送频率。 因此, 控制量可以表示为末臂节振动烈度、 N 个臂节的姿态、 对应的动态特性参数以及泵送油缸的工作频率的映射。
优选地, 所述抑制装置还包括连接在所述控制模块和所述液压马达 3 之间的抑振电磁阀, 该抑振电磁阀根据所述控制信号控制所述液压马达 3 往复运动。
本发明的回转振动抑制装置的控制器优选地利用抑振电磁阀对所述液 压马达 3进行控制, 该抑振电磁阀设置在控制模块和液压马达 3之间, 该 抑振电磁阀根据所述控制模块的控制信号导通或截止, 并且该抑振电磁阀 根据其自身的导通或截止来控制液压马达 3正转或反转,即控制液压马达 3 的往复运动。
本发明还提供一种泵车, 其中, 该泵车包括本发明所提供的回转振动 抑制装置。 通过上述技术方案的回转振动抑制装置可以有效地减小泵车臂 架 1的回转方向的振动, 从而提高泵车自身的安全性和操作的安全性。 此外, 在利用本发明的技术方案对实际工况下的混凝土泵车臂架进行 实验测量, 从实验结果可见, 在理想工况下本发明的技术方案可以使得混 凝土泵车臂架回转方向振动消减 80%。 本实验使用 5臂节的混凝土泵车, 该泵车在水平姿态下一阶谐振频率为 0.28Hz。 由振动理论可知, 该谐振频 率下振动控制最能够说明该主动减震系统的性能。 图 4为该泵车臂架末臂 节回转方向上的位移时间历程图, 其中, 0-25s和 100s-125s两个时间段未 进行减振控制, 而 25s-100s之间的时间段则开启了减振控制。 由此可见, 未进行减振控制的末臂节 11的回转方向上的振动位移幅度达到 350mm左 右,而在进行减振控制的阶段,末臂节 11的振动位移幅度可在 2s内迅速稳 定在 80mm左右, 进行本发明的技术方案所述的减振控制后, 泵车臂架的 回转方向上的振动收敛在 80%左右。
以上结合附图详细描述了本发明的优选实施方式, 但是, 本发明并不 限于上述实施方式中的具体细节, 在本发明的技术构思范围内, 可以对本 发明的技术方案进行多种简单变型, 这些简单变型均属于本发明的保护范 围。
另外需要说明的是, 在上述具体实施方式中所描述的各个具体技术特 征, 在不矛盾的情况下, 可以通过任何合适的方式进行组合, 为了避免不 必要的重复, 本发明对各种可能的组合方式不再另行说明。
此外, 本发明的各种不同的实施方式之间也可以进行任意组合, 只要 其不违背本发明的思想, 其同样应当视为本发明所公开的内容。

Claims

权利要求
1、 一种泵车臂架的回转振动抑制方法, 所述臂架 (1 ) 安装在所述泵 车的回转平台 (2) 上, 所述回转平台由液压马达 (3 ) 驱动从而带动所述 臂架 (1 ) 进行回转, 其特征在于, 所述抑制方法包括:
检测所述臂架 (1 ) 的振动烈度和所述臂架 (1 ) 的姿态;
通过所述振动烈度和姿态从预先设置的动态特性参数数据库中提取对 应的动态特性参数;
根据所述振动烈度和姿态, 以及所述动态特性参数计算对所述液压马 达 (3 ) 进行控制的控制量;
根据该控制量驱动所述液压马达 (3 ) 往复运动以抑制所述臂架 (1 ) 的回转振动。
2、 根据权利要求 1所述的回转振动抑制方法, 其特征在于, 所述臂架 ( 1 ) 包括 N个臂节, 所检测的振动烈度为所述臂架 (1 ) 的末臂节 (11 ) 在回转方向上的振动烈度。
3、 根据权利要求 2所述的回转振动抑制方法, 其特征在于, 所检测的 臂架的姿态为 N个所述臂节相对于水平面的倾角。
4、 根据权利要求 3所述的回转振动抑制方法, 其特征在于, 对所述液 压马达 (3 ) 进行控制的控制量通过以下方式计算:
i(t) = f(S(t), ¾(!),···, ZN(t), C(t));
其中, i(t)为对所述控制量, S(t)为所述末臂节( 11 )振动烈度, (tv",zN(t) 分别为 N个所述臂节的姿态, C(t)为所述动态特性参数, t为时间。
5、 根据权利要求 3所述的回转振动抑制方法, 其特征在于, 所述泵车 还包括控制泵启动的泵送电磁阀, 所述抑制方法还包括检测该泵送电磁阀 的换向频率, 该换向频率也用于所述控制量的计算。
6、 根据权利要求 5所述的回转振动抑制方法, 其特征在于, 对所述液 压马达 (3 ) 进行控制的控制量通过以下方式计算: i(t) = f(S(t), ¾(!),···, ZN(t), C(t), FiCt));
其中, i(t)为对所述控制量, s(t)为所述末臂节振动烈度, (ο,···,ζΝ(ο 为 Ν个所述臂节的姿态, C(t)为所述动态特性参数, F^t)为所述换向频率, t为时间。
7、 根据权利要求 3所述的回转振动抑制方法, 其特征在于, 所述泵车 还包括提供泵送动力的泵送油缸, 所述抑制方法还包括检测所述泵送油缸 的工作频率, 该工作频率也用于所述控制量的计算。
8、 根据权利要求 7所述的回转振动抑制方法, 其特征在于, 对所述液 压马达 (3 ) 进行控制的控制量通过以下方式计算:
i(t) = f(S(t), ¾(!),···, ZN(t), C(t), F2(t));
其中, i(t)为对所述控制量, s(t)为所述末臂节振动烈度, (ο,···,ζΝ(ο 为 Ν个所述臂节的姿态, C(t)为所述动态特性参数, F2(t)为所述工作频率, t为时间。
9、 一种泵车臂架的回转振动抑制控制器, 所述臂架 (1 ) 安装在回转 平台 (2) 上, 所述回转平台由液压马达 (3 ) 驱动从而带动所述臂架 (1 ) 进行回转, 所述控制器包括依次连接的输入模块、 处理模块和控制模块, 其特征在于,
所述输入模块用于采集所述臂架 (1 ) 的振动烈度信号和所述臂架 (1 ) 的姿态信号;
所述处理模块用于通过采集到的所述振动烈度信号和姿态信号从预先 设置的动态特性参数数据库中提取对应的动态特性参数、 根据所述振动烈 度信号和姿态信号以及所述动态特性参数计算产生控制信号, 并将该控制 信号传送给所述控制模块;
所述控制模块用于根据所述控制信号控制所述液压马达(3 )往复运动。
10、 根据权利要求 9所述的回转振动抑制控制器, 其特征在于, 所述 臂架(1 )包括 N个臂节,所述振动烈度信号为所述臂架(1 )的末臂节(11 ) 在回转方向上的振动烈度信号。
11、 根据权利要求 10所述的回转振动抑制控制器。 其特征在于, 所检 测的臂架的姿态为 N个所述臂节相对于水平面的倾角。
12、 根据权利要求 11所述的回转振动抑制方法, 其特征在于, 对所述 液压马达 (3 ) 进行控制的控制量通过以下方式计算:
i(t) = f(S(t), ¾(!),···, ZN(t), C(t));
其中, i(t)为对所述控制量, s(t)为所述末臂节振动烈度, (ο,···,ζΝ(ο 为 Ν个所述臂节的姿态, C(t)为所述动态特性参数, t为时间。
13、 根据权利要求 11所述的回转振动抑制控制器, 其特征在于, 所述 泵车还包括控制泵启动的泵送电磁阀, 所述输入模块还用于采集所述泵送 电磁阀的换向频率信号并传送到所述处理模块, 所述处理模块还利用该换 向频率信号计算所述控制信号。
14、 根据权利要求 13所述的回转振动抑制方法, 其特征在于, 对所述 液压马达 (3 ) 进行控制的控制量通过以下方式计算:
i(t) = f(S(t), ¾(!),···, ZN(t), C(t), F1(t)) -,
其中, i(t)为对所述控制量, s(t)为所述末臂节振动烈度, (ο,···,ζΝ(ο 为 Ν个所述臂节的姿态, C(t)为所述动态特性参数, 为所述换向频率, t为时间。
15、 根据权利要求 11所述的回转振动抑制控制器, 其特征在于, 所述 泵车还包括提供泵送动力的泵送油缸, 所述输入模块还用于采集所述泵送 油缸的工作频率信号并传送到所述处理模块, 所述处理模块还利用该工作 频率信号计算所述控制信号。
16、 根据权利要求 15所述的回转振动抑制方法, 其特征在于, 对所述 液压马达 (3 ) 进行控制的控制量通过以下方式计算:
i(t) = f(S(t), ¾(!),···, ZN(t), C(t), F2(t));
其中, i(t)为对所述控制量, S(t)为所述末臂节振动烈度, (0,···,ΖΝ(0 为 Ν个所述臂节的姿态, C(t)为所述动态特性参数, F2(t)为所述工作频率, t为时间。
17、 一种泵车臂架的回转振动抑制装置, 所述臂架 (1 ) 安装在所述泵 车的回转平台 (2) 上, 所述回转平台由液压马达 (3 ) 驱动从而带动所述 臂架(1 )进行回转,其特征在于,所述抑制装置包括用于检测所述臂架(1 ) 的振动烈度的第一传感器、 用于检测所述臂架 (1 ) 的姿态的第二传感器和 控制器, 该控制器包括依次连接的输入模块、 处理模块和控制模块, 其中, 所述第一传感器和第二传感器与所述控制器的输入模块连接, 所述输 入模块用于将来自于所述臂架 (1 ) 的振动烈度信号和所述臂架 (1 ) 的姿 态信号传送到处理模块;
所述处理模块用于通过采集到的所述振动烈度信号和姿态信号从预先 设置的动态特性参数数据库中提取对应的动态特性参数、 根据所述振动烈 度信号和姿态信号以及所述动态特性参数计算产生控制信号, 并将该控制 信号传送给所述控制模块;
所述控制模块用于根据所述控制信号控制所述液压马达往复运动。
18、 根据权利要求 17所述的回转振动抑制装置, 其特征在于, 所述臂 架 (1 )包括依次连接的 N个臂节, 末臂节 (11 )连接软管, 所述第一传感 器用于检测所述臂架 (1 ) 的末臂节 (11 ) 在回转方向上的振动烈度。
19、 根据权利要求 18所述的回转振动抑制装置, 其特征在于, 所述第 一传感器安装在所述末臂节 (11 ) 的靠近所述软管的一端的侧面, 并与所 述末臂节 (11 ) 的侧面垂直。
20、 根据权利要求 19所述的回转振动抑制装置, 其特征在于, 所述第 一传感器为位移传感器、 速度传感器或者加速度传感器。
21、 根据权利要求 18所述的回转振动抑制装置, 其特征在于, 所述第 二传感器为多个, 多个所述第二传感器用于检测 N个所述臂节相对于水平 面的倾角。
22、 根据权利要求 21所述的回转振动抑制装置, 其特征在于, 所述第 二传感器为姿态传感器。
23、 根据权利要求 21所述的回转振动抑制方法, 其特征在于, 对所述 液压马达 (3 ) 进行控制的控制量通过以下方式计算:
i(t) = f(S(t), ¾(!),···, ZN(t), C(t));
其中, i(t)为对所述控制量, s(t)为所述末臂节振动烈度, (ο,···,ζΝ(ο 为 Ν个所述臂节的姿态, C(t)为所述动态特性参数, t为时间。
24、 根据权利要求 21所述的回转振动抑制装置, 其特征在于, 所述泵 车还包括控制泵启动的泵送电磁阀, 所述振动抑制装置还包括用于检测所 述泵送电磁阀的换向频率的第三传感器, 该第三传感器与所述输入模块连 接, 所述输入模块还用于将所述换向频率信号传送到所述处理模块, 所述 处理模块还利用所述换向频率信号计算产生所述控制信号。
25、 根据权利要求 24所述的回转振动抑制方法, 其特征在于, 对所述 液压马达 (3 ) 进行控制的控制量通过以下方式计算:
i(t) = f(S(t), ¾(!),···, ZN(t), C(t), F1(t)) -,
其中, i(t)为对所述控制量, s(t)为所述末臂节振动烈度, (ο,···,ζΝ(ο 为 Ν个所述臂节的姿态, C(t)为所述动态特性参数, F^t)为所述换向频率, t为时间。
26、 根据权利要求 21所述的回转振动抑制装置, 其特征在于, 所述泵 车还包括提供泵送动力的泵送油缸, 所述振动抑制装置还包括用于检测所 述泵送油缸的工作频率的第四传感器, 该第四传感器与所述输入模块连接, 所述输入模块还用于将所述工作频率信号传送到所述处理模块, 所述处理 模块还利用所述工作频率信号计算产生所述控制信号。
27、 根据权利要求 26所述的回转振动抑制方法, 其特征在于, 对所述 液压马达 (3 ) 进行控制的控制量通过以下方式计算:
i(t) = f(S(t), ¾(!),···, ZN(t), C(t), F2(t)); 其中, i(t)为对所述控制量, s(t)为所述末臂节振动烈度, (ο,···,ζΝ(ο 为 Ν个所述臂节的姿态, C(t)为所述动态特性参数, F2(t)为所述工作频率, t为时间。
28、根据权利要求 17-27中任意一项所述的回转振动抑制装置,其特征 在于, 所述抑制装置还包括连接在所述控制模块和所述液压马达 (3 ) 之间 的抑振电磁阀, 该抑振电磁阀根据所述控制信号控制所述液压马达 (3 ) 往 复运动。
29、一种泵车, 其特征在于, 该泵车包括上述权利要求 17-28中任意一 项所述的回转振动抑制装置。
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