WO2013004099A1 - 臂架振动抑制方法、系统及臂架式工程机械 - Google Patents

臂架振动抑制方法、系统及臂架式工程机械 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2013004099A1
WO2013004099A1 PCT/CN2012/074261 CN2012074261W WO2013004099A1 WO 2013004099 A1 WO2013004099 A1 WO 2013004099A1 CN 2012074261 W CN2012074261 W CN 2012074261W WO 2013004099 A1 WO2013004099 A1 WO 2013004099A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
boom
amplitude
phase
vibration
difference
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2012/074261
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
周翔
周继辉
Original Assignee
湖南三一智能控制设备有限公司
三一重工股份有限公司
黄罡
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Application filed by 湖南三一智能控制设备有限公司, 三一重工股份有限公司, 黄罡 filed Critical 湖南三一智能控制设备有限公司
Publication of WO2013004099A1 publication Critical patent/WO2013004099A1/zh

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Classifications

    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04GSCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
    • E04G21/00Preparing, conveying, or working-up building materials or building elements in situ; Other devices or measures for constructional work
    • E04G21/02Conveying or working-up concrete or similar masses able to be heaped or cast
    • E04G21/04Devices for both conveying and distributing
    • E04G21/0418Devices for both conveying and distributing with distribution hose
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04GSCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
    • E04G21/00Preparing, conveying, or working-up building materials or building elements in situ; Other devices or measures for constructional work
    • E04G21/02Conveying or working-up concrete or similar masses able to be heaped or cast
    • E04G21/04Devices for both conveying and distributing
    • E04G21/0418Devices for both conveying and distributing with distribution hose
    • E04G21/0445Devices for both conveying and distributing with distribution hose with booms
    • E04G21/0454Devices for both conveying and distributing with distribution hose with booms with boom vibration damper mechanisms

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of boom-type construction machinery, and more particularly to a method for suppressing vibration of a boom.
  • the present invention also relates to a boom vibration suppression system and a boom type construction machine having the above-described boom vibration suppression system.
  • Concrete pump truck is a common boom type construction machine. Concrete pump truck is widely used in concrete construction site to transport concrete, especially for concrete transportation in large construction sites, which can greatly reduce the heavy physical strength of concrete transportation in construction sites. Labor, improve construction progress and work efficiency.
  • Concrete pump truck is a high-efficiency concrete conveying equipment that integrates concrete pumping mechanism, boom system and support mechanism on the chassis of the vehicle and integrates driving, pumping and fabric.
  • the boom system is the support and motion carrier of the concrete duct.
  • the boom system is composed of a plurality of booms and connecting rods through the pin mechanism.
  • the prior art In order to solve the problem of excessive vibration of the boom, the prior art generally adopts a method of adjusting the pumping frequency to minimize the pumping frequency away from the natural frequency of the boom, thereby preventing the boom from being excessively vibrated.
  • the method for suppressing the vibration of the boom limits the adjustment range of the pump displacement while adjusting the pumping frequency, and the natural frequency of the pump truck under different working conditions is difficult to obtain, thereby causing the suppression of the vibration of the boom by this method.
  • the effect is not good, and it is not portable and versatile.
  • a first object of the present invention is to provide a boom vibration suppressing method which can effectively suppress vibration of a boom without restricting an adjustment range of the pump displacement.
  • a second object of the present invention is to provide a boom vibration suppression system, and a third object of the present invention is to provide a boom type construction machine having the above-described boom vibration suppression system.
  • the present invention provides a method for suppressing vibration of a boom, comprising the steps of:
  • Step A real-time detection of the amplitude of the end vibration of the end of the boom eight, phase & and cycle T;
  • Step B the amplitude A is compared with a preset value, if the amplitude A is greater than the preset value, then proceeds to step C; If the amplitude A is less than a preset value, the process ends;
  • Step C driving the boom cylinder on at least one boom to cause a motion component having an amplitude Al, a phase & 1, a period T, and the amplitude A1 and the amplitude A
  • the difference is less than the preset difference, and the difference between phase & 1 and phase & is nT/2, where ⁇ is an odd number.
  • the step ⁇ specifically includes:
  • Step A1 detecting the position of the end of the last boom in real time
  • step A2 the amplitude A, the phase & the period T of the end vibration of the last boom are calculated according to the change of the position.
  • the step ⁇ is specifically: detecting an amplitude VIII, a phase & a period T of the end vibration of the last boom in real time.
  • the boom cylinder is controlled by controlling the boom cylinder multi-way valve.
  • the step C may specifically include:
  • Step C1 calculating an amount of movement of the boom cylinder according to the amplitude A1, wherein a difference between the amplitude A1 and the amplitude ⁇ is less than a preset difference;
  • Step C2 determining a valve opening degree and a working time of the multi-way valve of the boom cylinder
  • Step C3 determining the input timing of the multi-way valve control according to the vibration phase & 1, wherein the difference between the phase & 1 and the phase & is nT/2, and ⁇ is an odd number;
  • Step C4 driving the boom cylinder to operate.
  • the boom vibration suppression method provided by the present invention firstly detects the amplitude ⁇ , phase & period ⁇ of the end vibration of the last boom in real time, and compares the amplitude ⁇ with a preset value, if the amplitude A is large At a preset value, driving the boom cylinder on at least one of the booms, such that the end of the last boom produces a motion component having an amplitude of Al, a phase &, a period T, and the amplitude A1 and the amplitude
  • the difference of A is less than the preset difference, and the difference between phase & 1 and phase & is nT/2, where ⁇ is an odd number.
  • the method for suppressing the vibration of the boom generates and analyzes the amplitude, phase and period of the vibration of the end of the last boom, and controls the boom cylinder on at least one of the booms to operate, so that the end of the last boom is generated.
  • a motion component having an amplitude of Al, a phase & 1, a period ⁇ , determining a phase & 1 by a damping input timing, a magnitude of the damping application amount, an amplitude A1, and a damping duration determining period ⁇ , the motion component
  • the direction of vibration is opposite to the direction of the detected end vibration of the last boom. Therefore, the motion component can vibrate completely or partially at the end of the boom so that the amplitude of the vibration of the end of the boom is within a preset range.
  • This method of suppressing the vibration of the boom is to apply the motion component in the direction of vibration to achieve the purpose of vibration reduction.
  • This method does not need to change the mechanical structure of the boom and the hydraulic system of the pumping and boom, only need to know the vibration of the boom, the driving arm The oil cylinder is damped, and the vibration of the boom can be effectively suppressed without limiting the adjustment range of the pump displacement.
  • the boom vibration suppression method can suppress the vibration of the boom in the case of variable displacement, variable attitude, and shift pump feeding, and has high intelligence and adaptability.
  • the present invention also provides a boom vibration suppression system, a boom vibration suppression system, comprising:
  • a detecting device for detecting the position of the end of the last boom in real time
  • the controller calculates an amplitude A, a phase & a period T of the end vibration of the last boom according to the change of the position;
  • the controller compares the amplitude A with a preset value, and if the amplitude A is greater than a preset value, sends a driving signal to drive at least one boom cylinder on the boom, so that the last boom
  • the end of the motion produces a motion component having an amplitude of Al, phase & 1, period T, and the difference between the amplitude A1 and the amplitude A is less than a preset difference, and the difference between phase & 1 and phase & is nT/2 , where ⁇ is an odd number.
  • the detecting means comprises a tilt sensor or / and a rotary encoder disposed on each of the booms or a displacement sensor for detecting the displacement of each of the boom cylinders.
  • the controller calculates the amount of motion and the frequency of movement of the corresponding boom cylinder so that The end of the last boom generates a motion component having an amplitude of Al, a phase & 1, and a period T, and the difference between the amplitude A1 and the amplitude A is less than a preset difference, and the difference between the phase & 1 and the phase &
  • the value is nT/2 and ⁇ is an odd number.
  • the utility model further comprises a boom cylinder multi-way valve, wherein the controller determines the valve opening degree and the acting time of the boom cylinder multi-way valve according to the amplitude A1, and determines the input timing of the multi-way valve control according to the vibration phase & 1 And sending a corresponding driving signal to the boom cylinder multi-way valve to drive the boom cylinder to operate. .
  • the boom vibration suppression system comprises a detecting device and a controller; the detecting device detects the position of the end of the last boom in real time; and the controller calculates the amplitude of the end vibration of the last boom according to the change of the position ⁇ , phase & cycle ⁇ ; the controller compares the amplitude ⁇ with a preset value, and if the amplitude A is greater than a preset value, sends a drive signal to drive at least one boom cylinder on the boom Acting such that the end of the last boom produces a motion component having an amplitude of Al, phase & 1, period T, and the difference between the amplitude A1 and the amplitude A is less than a preset difference, phase & 1 and phase The difference between & is nT/2, where ⁇ is an odd number.
  • the boom vibration suppression system controls the boom cylinder on at least one boom to operate on the basis of collecting, analyzing and analyzing the amplitude, phase and period of the end vibration of the last boom, so that the end of the last boom is generated.
  • a motion component having an amplitude of Al, a phase & 1, a period ⁇ , determining a phase & 1 by a damping input timing, a magnitude of the damping application amount, an amplitude A1, and a damping duration determining period ⁇ , the motion component
  • the direction of vibration is opposite to the direction of the detected end vibration of the last boom. Therefore, the motion component can vibrate completely or partially at the end of the boom so that the amplitude of the vibration of the end of the boom is within a preset range.
  • the boom vibration suppression system applies the motion component in the direction of vibration to achieve the purpose of vibration reduction.
  • This system does not need to change the mechanical structure of the boom and the hydraulic system of the pumping and boom, only need to know the vibration of the boom, the driving arm
  • the oil cylinder is damped, and the vibration of the boom can be effectively suppressed without limiting the adjustment range of the pump displacement.
  • the boom vibration suppression system can suppress the vibration of the boom in the case of variable displacement, variable attitude, and shift pump feeding, and is highly intelligent and adaptive.
  • the present invention also provides a boom type construction machine provided with the above-described boom vibration suppression system, and the above-described boom vibration suppression system has the above technical effects, A boom type construction machine having the boom vibration suppression system should also have The corresponding technical effect.
  • FIG. 1 is a flow block diagram of a specific embodiment of a method for suppressing vibration of a boom provided by the present invention
  • Figure 2 is a schematic view of the coordinate position of the boom system
  • Fig. 3 is a structural schematic view showing a specific embodiment of a boom vibration suppression system according to the present invention.
  • the first core of the present invention is to provide a boom vibration suppressing method which can effectively suppress the vibration of the boom without restricting the adjustment range of the pump displacement.
  • a second core of the present invention is to provide a boom vibration suppression system, and a third core of the present invention is to provide a boom type construction machine having the above-described boom vibration suppression system.
  • FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a specific implementation manner of a method for suppressing vibration of a boom provided by the present invention.
  • the boom vibration suppression method provided by the present invention includes the following steps.
  • step S101 the position of the end of the last boom is detected in real time.
  • the inclination value of the end of the distal boom can be detected in real time by using a tilt sensor disposed on each boom to determine the position of the end of the last boom, and the boom system with four booms is taken as an example. As shown in FIG.
  • the four-section booms are respectively the boom 11, the boom 12, the boom 13, and the boom 14, and the lengths of the boom 11, the boom 12, the boom 13, and the boom 14 are respectively 1 2 , 1 3 , 1 4 , the angle between the boom 11 and the horizontal plane is 6 t , the angle between the boom 11 and the boom 12 is ⁇ 2 , and the angle between the boom 12 and the boom 13 is ⁇ 3 The angle between the boom 13 and the boom 14 is ⁇ 4 .
  • the calculation formula of the end of the last boom can be derived:
  • cl234 represents cos ( 62 + 63 + 64 ).
  • Step S103 comparing the amplitude ⁇ with a preset value, and if the amplitude A is greater than a preset value, proceeding to step D; if the amplitude A is less than a preset value, ending.
  • the allowable vibration range of the end of the last boom can be set in advance, and the vibration range is set to a preset value, and the amplitude A calculated in step S102 is compared with a preset value, and if the amplitude A is greater than the preset value, the In step D, if the amplitude A is less than the preset value, the vibration reduction operation of the boom is not required.
  • Step D driving the boom cylinder on at least one boom to cause a motion component having an amplitude Al, a phase & 1, a period T, and the amplitude A1 and the amplitude A
  • the difference is less than the preset difference, and the difference between phase & 1 and phase & is nT/2, where ⁇ is an odd number.
  • the method for suppressing the vibration of the boom generates and analyzes the amplitude, phase and period of the vibration of the end of the last boom, and controls the boom cylinder on at least one of the booms to operate, so that the end of the last boom is generated.
  • a motion component having an amplitude of Al, a phase & 1, a period ⁇ , determining a phase & 1 by a damping input timing, a magnitude of the damping application amount, an amplitude A1, and a damping duration determining period ⁇ , the motion component
  • the direction of vibration is opposite to the direction of the detected end vibration of the last boom. Therefore, the motion component can vibrate completely or partially at the end of the boom so that the amplitude of the vibration of the end of the boom is within a preset range.
  • This method of suppressing the vibration of the boom is to apply the motion component in the direction of vibration to achieve the purpose of vibration reduction.
  • This method does not need to change the mechanical structure of the boom and the hydraulic system of the pumping and boom, only need to know the vibration of the boom, the driving arm The oil cylinder is damped, and the vibration of the boom can be effectively suppressed without limiting the adjustment range of the pump displacement.
  • the boom vibration suppression method can suppress the vibration of the boom in the case of variable displacement, variable attitude, and shift pump feeding, and has high intelligence and adaptability.
  • the boom cylinder can be controlled by controlling the boom cylinder multi-way valve.
  • the movement of the boom cylinder is usually controlled by the boom cylinder multi-way valve in the boom hydraulic system.
  • the arm can be controlled by controlling the opening time (input timing;) of the boom cylinder multi-way valve, the valve opening degree and the action duration. The starting time of the cylinder, the magnitude of the movement and the length of the movement.
  • step D may specifically include the following steps:
  • Step S104 calculating an amount of motion of the boom cylinder according to the amplitude A1, wherein a difference between the amplitude A1 and the amplitude A is less than a preset difference. Based on the calculated amplitude A, the amplitude A1 of the motion component acting on the end of the last boom can be determined, and the required range of motion of the boom cylinder is calculated based on the magnitude of A1.
  • Step S105 determining a valve opening degree and a duration of action of the boom cylinder multi-way valve.
  • the valve opening degree of the multi-way valve of the boom cylinder is determined.
  • the multi-way valve of the boom cylinder is usually a solenoid valve, and the electric power required for controlling the multi-way valve of the boom cylinder can be controlled.
  • the size of the flow determines the valve opening of the multi-way valve of the boom cylinder.
  • the amount of current required for the multi-way valve of the boom cylinder can be determined according to the required movement amount of the above-mentioned boom cylinder;
  • the vibration period T of the required motion component at the end determines the duration of the multi-way valve of the boom cylinder.
  • the energization time of the boom multi-way valve can be further determined to determine the multi-way valve of the boom cylinder. The duration of action.
  • Step S106 determining an input timing of the multi-way valve control according to the vibration phase & 1, wherein the difference between the phase & 1 and the phase & is nT/2, and ⁇ is an odd number.
  • the delay time of the corresponding sensor calculation and the magnitude of the vibration phase & 1 determine the input timing of the multi-way valve control to ensure the end of the last boom generated by the boom cylinder
  • the difference between the phase & 1 of the motion component and the limit & is nT/2, which in turn ensures that the motion component can better cancel the vibration of the end of the last boom.
  • Step S107 driving the boom cylinder to operate.
  • the driving boom cylinder is correspondingly action.
  • the coordinate value of the end of the last boom is detected in real time by using the tilt sensor provided on each boom, and then the amplitude ⁇ , phase & period ⁇ of the end vibration of the last boom is calculated by calculation, and the present invention It is not limited to this, and the amplitude ⁇ , phase & period ⁇ of the end vibration of the last boom can be directly detected by the corresponding sensor, such as an inclination sensor capable of directly detecting the amplitude VIII, the phase & the period ⁇ , and the like.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a specific embodiment of a boom vibration suppression system according to the present invention.
  • the boom vibration suppression system includes a detecting device and a controller.
  • the detecting device is configured to detect the position of the end of the last boom in real time; the controller calculates the amplitude A, the phase & the period T of the end vibration of the last boom according to the change of the position; The amplitude A is compared with a preset value. If the amplitude A is greater than a preset value, a driving signal is sent to drive the boom cylinder on at least one of the booms to generate an amplitude at the end of the last boom.
  • phase & 1 the motion component of the period T, and the difference between the amplitude A1 and the amplitude A is less than the preset difference, and the difference between the phase & 1 and the phase & is nT/2, where ⁇ is an odd number.
  • the boom vibration suppression system controls the boom cylinder on at least one boom to operate on the basis of collecting, analyzing and analyzing the amplitude, phase and period of the end vibration of the last boom, so that the end of the last boom is generated.
  • a motion component having an amplitude of Al, a phase & 1, a period ⁇ , determining a phase & 1 by a damping input timing, a magnitude of the damping application amount, an amplitude A1, and a damping duration determining period ⁇ , the motion component
  • the direction of vibration is opposite to the direction of the detected end vibration of the last boom. Therefore, the motion component can vibrate completely or partially at the end of the boom so that the amplitude of the vibration of the end of the boom is within a preset range.
  • the boom vibration suppression system applies the motion component in the direction of vibration to achieve the purpose of vibration reduction.
  • This system does not need to change the mechanical structure of the boom and the hydraulic system of the pumping and boom, only need to know the vibration of the boom, the driving arm
  • the oil cylinder is damped, and the vibration of the boom can be effectively suppressed without limiting the adjustment range of the pump displacement.
  • the boom vibration suppression system can suppress the vibration of the boom in the case of variable displacement, variable attitude, and shift pump feeding, and is highly intelligent and adaptive.
  • the detecting device may be a tilting sensor disposed on each boom, and a boom system having a four-section boom is taken as an example. As shown in FIG. 2, the four-armed boom is respectively a boom 11 and a boom. 12.
  • the length of the boom 13, the boom 14, the boom 11, the boom 12, the boom 13, and the boom 14 are respectively 1 2 , 1 3 , and 1 4 , and the angle between the boom 11 and the horizontal plane is the boom 11
  • the angle between the boom 12 and the boom 12 is ⁇ 2
  • the angle between the boom 12 and the boom 13 is ⁇ 3
  • the angle between the boom 13 and the boom 14 is ⁇ 4 , according to each boom
  • cl denotes cos e sl denotes sine ⁇ cl2 denotes cos ( ⁇ ⁇ ), sl2 denotes sin ( ⁇ ! + ⁇ 2 ), cl23 denotes cos ( ⁇ ! + ⁇ 2 + ⁇ 3 ), and sl23 denotes sin ( ⁇ ! + ⁇ 2 + ⁇ 3 ), cl234 means cos ( ⁇ + ⁇ + + + 63 + 64 ).
  • the boom cylinder can be controlled by controlling a boom cylinder multi-way valve, and the controller sends a driving signal to the boom cylinder multi-way valve to drive the boom cylinder to operate.
  • the movement of the boom cylinder is usually controlled by the boom cylinder multi-way valve in the boom hydraulic system.
  • the boom cylinder can be controlled by controlling the opening time (input timing), valve opening and duration of the boom cylinder multi-way valve. Start action time, magnitude of motion and duration of exercise.
  • the amplitude A1 of the motion component acting on the end of the last boom can be determined, and the required motion amplitude of the boom cylinder is calculated according to the magnitude of A1.
  • the valve opening degree of the multi-way valve of the boom cylinder can be determined.
  • the multi-way valve of the boom cylinder is usually a solenoid valve, which can be required by controlling the multi-way valve of the boom cylinder
  • the size of the electric flow determines the valve opening of the multi-way valve of the boom cylinder.
  • the amount of current required for the multi-way valve of the boom cylinder can be determined according to the required movement amount of the above-mentioned boom cylinder;
  • the vibration period of the motion component required at the end of the frame ⁇ determines the duration of the multi-way valve of the boom cylinder.
  • the energization time of the boom multi-way valve can be further determined to determine the multi-way valve of the boom cylinder The duration of action.
  • the delay time of the corresponding sensor calculation and the magnitude of the vibration phase & 1 determine the input timing of the multi-way valve control to ensure the end of the last boom generated by the boom cylinder
  • the difference between the phase & 1 of the motion component and the limit & is ⁇ ⁇ 2, which in turn ensures that the motion component can better cancel the vibration of the end of the last boom.
  • the driving boom cylinder performs corresponding actions.
  • the detecting device adopts a tilting sensor disposed on each of the booms, and the coordinate value of the end of the last boom is obtained by detecting the tilting angle of each of the booms and corresponding calculations, and the present invention is not limited thereto.
  • the device can also use a rotary encoder on each boom or a displacement sensor for detecting the displacement of each boom cylinder, and then calculate the final section by using corresponding calculation methods. The coordinate value of the end of the boom.
  • the present invention also provides a boom type construction machine provided with the above-described boom vibration suppression system. Since the above-described boom vibration suppression system has the above technical effects, the boom vibration suppression system is provided. The boom-type construction machinery should also have corresponding technical effects, and will not be described in detail here.

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Abstract

一种臂架振动抑制方法,包括以下步骤:步骤A,实时检测末节臂架的末端振动的振幅A、相位&及周期T;步骤B,将所述振幅A与预设值进行比较,若所述振幅A大于预设值则进入步骤C;若所述振幅A小于预设值,则结束;步骤C,驱动至少一节臂架上的臂架油缸动作,使得所述末节臂架的末端产生一个具有振幅A1、相位&1、周期T的运动分量,且所述振幅A1与所述振幅A的差值小于预设差值,相位&1与相位&的差值为nT/2,其中n为奇数。还公开了一种臂架振动抑制系统及具有上述臂架振动抑制系统的臂架式工程机械。

Description

臂架振动抑制方法、 系统及臂架式工程机械 本申请要求于 2011 年 07 月 01 日提交中国专利局、 申请号为 201110183634.1、发明名称为"臂架振动抑制方法、系统及臂架式工程机械" 的中国专利申请的优先权, 其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本发明涉及臂架式工程机械技术领域, 尤其涉及一种臂架振动抑制方 法。 本发明还涉及一种臂架振动抑制系统及具有上述臂架振动抑制系统的 臂架式工程机械。
背景技术
混凝土泵车是一种常见的臂架式工程机械, 混凝土泵车广泛用在基本 建设工地上输送混凝土, 特别是用于大型施工工地的混凝土输送作业, 可 大大的减轻施工工地混凝土输送的繁重体力劳动, 提高施工进度和工作效 率。
混凝土泵车是将混凝土泵送机构、 臂架系统、 支撑机构等集成在汽车 底盘上, 集行驶、 泵送、 布料于一体的高效混凝土输送设备。 臂架系统是 混凝土输送管的支撑和运动载体, 臂架系统是由多个臂架、 连杆通过销轴 机构。
混凝土泵车在泵送过程中, 泵送油缸与摆缸的配合不协调使得混凝土 在输送管道中流动不连续, 导致臂架末端产生振动和摆动, 使得施工时臂 架末端的定位性较差; 另外, 由于臂架振动, 容易导致臂架局部位置早期 疲劳损坏而出现裂纹, 直接影响混凝土泵车的使用寿命, 带来安全隐患。
为了解决臂架振动过大的问题, 现有技术中通常采用调节泵送频率的 方法来实现, 尽量的使得泵送频率远离臂架固有频率, 从而防止臂架振动 过大。 这种臂架振动抑制方法, 在调节泵送频率的同时限制了泵车排量的 调节范围, 而且泵车在不同工况下的固有频率难以获得, 从而导致这种方 法对臂架振动的抑制效果不佳, 而且不具备移植性及通用性。
因此, 如何在不限制泵车排量的调节范围的情况下, 有效抑制臂架的 振动, 成为本领域技术人员亟待解决的技术难题。 发明内容
本发明的第一个目的是提供一种臂架振动抑制方法, 该臂架振动抑制 方法可在不限制泵车排量的调节范围的情况下, 有效抑制臂架的振动。 本 发明的第二个目的是提供一种臂架振动抑制系统, 本发明的第三个目的是 提供一种具有上述臂架振动抑制系统的臂架式工程机械。
为了实现上述第一个目的, 本发明提供了一种臂架振动抑制方法, 包 括以下步骤:
步骤 A, 实时检测末节臂架的末端振动的振幅八、 相位&及周期 T; 步骤 B, 将所述振幅 A与预设值进行比较, 若所述振幅 A大于预设值 则进入步骤 C; 若所述振幅 A小于预设值, 则结束;
步骤 C, 驱动至少一节臂架上的臂架油缸动作, 使得所述末节臂架的 末端产生一个具有振幅 Al、相位& 1、 周期 T的运动分量, 且所述振幅 A1 与所述振幅 A的差值小于预设差值, 相位 & 1与相位 &的差值为 nT/2, 其 中 η为奇数。
优选的, 所述步骤 Α具体包括:
步骤 A1 , 实时检测末节臂架的末端的位置,
步骤 A2,根据所述位置的变化,计算所述末节臂架的末端振动的振幅 A、 相位&及周期 T。
优选的,所述步骤 Α具体为: 实时检测末节臂架的末端振动的振幅八、 相位&及周期 T。
优选的, 通过控制臂架油缸多路阀来控制所述臂架油缸动作。
优选的, 所述步骤 C具体可以包括:
步骤 C1 , 根据振幅 A1 , 计算所述臂架油缸的运动量, 其中, 振幅 A1 与所述振幅 Α的差值小于预设差值;
步骤 C2, 确定所述臂架油缸多路阀的阀门开度及作用时长;
步骤 C3 , 根据振动相位 & 1 , 确定多路阀控制的投入时刻, 其中, 相 位 & 1与相位 &的差值为 nT/2, η为奇数;
步骤 C4, 驱动所述臂架油缸动作。
本发明提供的臂架振动抑制方法, 首先实时检测末节臂架的末端振动 的振幅 Α、 相位&及周期 Τ, 再将振幅 Α与预设值进行比较, 若振幅 A大 于预设值, 则驱动至少一节臂架上的臂架油缸动作, 使得末节臂架的末端 产生一个具有振幅 Al、 相位 & 1、 周期 T的运动分量, 且所述振幅 A1与 所述振幅 A的差值小于预设差值, 相位 & 1与相位 &的差值为 nT/2, 其中 η为奇数。
这种臂架振动抑制方法,在采集及分析了末节臂架的末端振动的振幅、 相位及周期的基础上, 控制至少一节臂架上的臂架油缸进行动作, 使得末 节臂架的末端产生一个运动分量, 该运动分量具有振幅 Al、 相位& 1、 周 期 Τ, 由减振投入时刻确定相位 & 1 , 减振施加量的大小确定振幅 A1 , 减 振作用时长确定周期 Τ, 该运动分量的振动方向与所检测到的末节臂架的 末端振动的方向相反, 因此, 该运动分量可完全或部分氏消臂架末端的振 动, 从而使得末节臂架的末端的振动幅度在预设范围内。
这种臂架振动抑制方法是以振动方向施加运动分量来达到减振的目 的, 这种方法不用改动臂架的机械结构和泵送、 臂架液压系统, 仅仅需要 知道臂架振动情况, 驱动臂架油缸实现减振, 可在不限制泵车排量的调节 范围的情况下, 有效抑制臂架的振动。 而且这种臂架振动抑制方法可在变 排量、 变姿态、 变换泵送料的情况下均可抑制臂架的振动, 其具有高度的 智能性和自适应性。
为了实现上述第二个目的, 本发明还提供了一种臂架振动抑制系统, 一种臂架振动抑制系统, 包括:
检测装置, 用于实时检测末节臂架的末端的位置;
控制器, 所述控制器根据所述位置的变化, 计算所述末节臂架的末端 振动的振幅 A、 相位&及周期 T;
所述控制器将所述振幅 A与预设值进行比较,若所述振幅 A大于预设 值, 则发出驱动信号, 驱动至少一节臂架上的臂架油缸动作, 使得所述末 节臂架的末端产生一个具有振幅 Al、 相位& 1、 周期 T的运动分量, 且所 述振幅 A1与所述振幅 A的差值小于预设差值, 相位 & 1与相位 &的差值 为 nT/2, 其中 η为奇数。
优选的,所述检测装置包括设置于各臂架上的倾角传感器或 /和旋转编 码器或用于检测各臂架油缸位移的位移传感器。
优选的, 所述控制器计算相应臂架油缸的运动量及运动频率, 以使得 所述末节臂架的末端产生一个具有振幅 Al、相位& 1、周期 T的运动分量, 且所述振幅 A1与所述振幅 A的差值小于预设差值, 相位 & 1与相位 &的 差值为 nT/2, η为奇数。
优选的, 还包括臂架油缸多路阀, 所述控制器根据振幅 A1确定所述 臂架油缸多路阀的阀门开度及作用时长,根据振动相位 & 1 ,确定多路阀控 制的投入时刻, 并向所述臂架油缸多路阀发送相应驱动信号, 以驱动所述 臂架油缸动作。。
本发明提供的臂架振动抑制系统包括检测装置、 控制器; 检测装置实 时检测末节臂架的末端的位置; 所述控制器根据所述位置的变化, 计算所 述末节臂架的末端振动的振幅 Α、 相位&及周期 Τ; 所述控制器将所述振 幅 Α与预设值进行比较, 若所述振幅 A大于预设值, 则发出驱动信号, 驱 动至少一节臂架上的臂架油缸动作, 使得所述末节臂架的末端产生一个具 有振幅 Al、 相位 & 1、 周期 T的运动分量, 且所述振幅 A1与所述振幅 A 的差值小于预设差值, 相位 & 1与相位 &的差值为 nT/2, 其中 η为奇数。
这种臂架振动抑制系统,在采集及分析了末节臂架的末端振动的振幅、 相位及周期的基础上, 控制至少一节臂架上的臂架油缸进行动作, 使得末 节臂架的末端产生一个运动分量, 该运动分量具有振幅 Al、 相位& 1、 周 期 Τ, 由减振投入时刻确定相位 & 1 , 减振施加量的大小确定振幅 A1 , 减 振作用时长确定周期 Τ, 该运动分量的振动方向与所检测到的末节臂架的 末端振动的方向相反, 因此, 该运动分量可完全或部分氏消臂架末端的振 动, 从而使得末节臂架的末端的振动幅度在预设范围内。
这种臂架振动抑制系统是以振动方向施加运动分量来达到减振的目 的, 这种系统不用改动臂架的机械结构和泵送、 臂架液压系统, 仅仅需要 知道臂架振动情况, 驱动臂架油缸实现减振, 可在不限制泵车排量的调节 范围的情况下, 有效抑制臂架的振动。 而且这种臂架振动抑制系统可在变 排量、 变姿态、 变换泵送料的情况下均可抑制臂架的振动, 其具有高度的 智能性和自适应性。
为了实现上述第三个目的, 本发明还提供了一种臂架式工程机械, 该臂架 式工程机械设有上述的臂架振动抑制系统, 由于上述的臂架振动抑制系统 具有上述技术效果, 具有该臂架振动抑制系统的臂架式工程机械也应具有 相应的技术效果。
附图说明
图 1为本发明提供的臂架振动抑制方法的一种具体实施方式的流程框 图;
图 2为臂架系统的坐标位置示意图;
图 3为本发明所提供的臂架振动抑制系统的一种具体实施方式的结构 示意图。
具体实施方式
本发明的第一个核心是提供一种臂架振动抑制方法, 该臂架振动抑制 方法可在不限制泵车排量的调节范围的情况下, 有效抑制臂架的振动。 本 发明的第二个核心是提供一种臂架振动抑制系统, 本发明的第三个核心是 提供一种具有上述臂架振动抑制系统的臂架式工程机械。
为了使本领域的技术人员更好地理解本发明的技术方案, 下面结合附 图和具体实施例对本发明作进一步的详细说明。
请参看图 1 , 图 1为本发明提供的臂架振动抑制方法的一种具体实施 方式的流程框图。
如图 1所示, 本发明所提供的臂架振动抑制方法包括以下步骤。
步骤 S101 , 实时检测末节臂架的末端的位置。 具体的方案中, 可采用 设置在各节臂架上的倾角传感器实时检测末节臂架的末端的坐标值, 以确 定末节臂架的末端的位置, 以具有四节臂架的臂架系统为例,如图 2所示, 四节臂架分别为臂架 11、 臂架 12、 臂架 13、 臂架 14, 臂架 11、 臂架 12、 臂架 13、 臂架 14的长度分别为 12、 13、 14 , 臂架 11与水平面的夹角为 6t,臂架 11与臂架 12之间的夹角为 θ2,臂架 12与臂架 13之间的夹角为 θ3 , 臂架 13与臂架 14之间的夹角为 θ4 , 根据各臂架的长度和相邻臂架之间的 角度, 可以推导出末节臂架的末端的计算公式:
X = -l4cl234 + l3cl23 - l2cl2 + 1^1
y = -l4sl234 + l3sl23 - l2sl2 + 1^1
其中, cl表示 cose sl表示 sine^ cl2表示 cos ( θ^ θζ ) , sl2表示 sin ( θ! + θ2 ) ,cl23表示 cos ( θ! + θ2 + θ3 ), sl23表示 sin ( θ! + θ2 + θ3 ), cl234 表示 cos (
Figure imgf000007_0001
62 + 63 + 64 )。 步骤 S102, 根据所述位置的变化, 计算所述末节臂架的末端振动的振 幅八、 相位&及周期 T。 通过实施计算末节臂架的末端在臂架平面内的 χ、 y坐标值的变化, 即可得出末节臂架末端振动的振幅 A、 相位&及周期 T。
步骤 S103, 将所述振幅 Α与预设值进行比较, 若所述振幅 A大于预 设值则进入步骤 D; 若所述振幅 A小于预设值, 则结束。 可以预先设置末 节臂架的末端可允许的振动范围, 该振动范围设定为预设值, 将步骤 S102 中计算所得到的振幅 A与预设值进行比较,若振幅 A大于预设值则进入步 骤 D中, 若振幅 A小于预设值, 则不需对臂架进行减振操作。
步骤 D, 驱动至少一节臂架上的臂架油缸动作, 使得所述末节臂架的 末端产生一个具有振幅 Al、相位 & 1、 周期 T的运动分量, 且所述振幅 A1 与所述振幅 A的差值小于预设差值, 相位 & 1与相位 &的差值为 nT/2, 其 中 η为奇数。
这种臂架振动抑制方法,在采集及分析了末节臂架的末端振动的振幅、 相位及周期的基础上, 控制至少一节臂架上的臂架油缸进行动作, 使得末 节臂架的末端产生一个运动分量, 该运动分量具有振幅 Al、 相位& 1、 周 期 Τ, 由减振投入时刻确定相位 & 1 , 减振施加量的大小确定振幅 A1 , 减 振作用时长确定周期 Τ, 该运动分量的振动方向与所检测到的末节臂架的 末端振动的方向相反, 因此, 该运动分量可完全或部分氏消臂架末端的振 动, 从而使得末节臂架的末端的振动幅度在预设范围内。
可以理解, 若振幅 A1等于振动 Α, 从理论上可完全将臂架末端的振 动抵消, 到达减振的目的。
这种臂架振动抑制方法是以振动方向施加运动分量来达到减振的目 的, 这种方法不用改动臂架的机械结构和泵送、 臂架液压系统, 仅仅需要 知道臂架振动情况, 驱动臂架油缸实现减振, 可在不限制泵车排量的调节 范围的情况下, 有效抑制臂架的振动。 而且这种臂架振动抑制方法可在变 排量、 变姿态、 变换泵送料的情况下均可抑制臂架的振动, 其具有高度的 智能性和自适应性。
具体的方案中,可通过控制臂架油缸多路阀来控制所述臂架油缸动作。 臂架油缸的动作通常由臂架液压系统中的臂架油缸多路阀来控制, 通过控 制臂架油缸多路阀的开启时间(投入时刻;)、 阀门开度及作用时长可控制臂 架油缸的开始动作时间, 运动幅度的大小及运动时长。
进一步的方案中, 上述步骤 D具体可以包括以下步骤:
步骤 S104, 根据振幅 A1 , 计算所述臂架油缸的运动量, 其中, 振幅 A1与所述振幅 A的差值小于预设差值。 根据计算得到的振幅 A, 可以确 定对末节臂架的末端作用的所述运动分量的振幅 A1 , 根据 A1的大小计算 臂架油缸的所需的运动幅度。
步骤 S105, 确定所述臂架油缸多路阀的阀门开度及作用时长。 根据上 述臂架油缸所需的运动量, 确定臂架油缸多路阀的阀门开度, 具体的方案 中, 臂架油缸多路阀通常为电磁阀, 可通过控制臂架油缸多路阀所需电流 量的大小确定臂架油缸多路阀的阀门开度, 更具体的方案中, 可根据上述 臂架油缸所需的运动量, 确定臂架油缸多路阀所需电流量的大小; 根据末 节臂架的末端所需的运动分量的振动周期 T, 确定臂架油缸多路阀的作用 时长, 更具体的方案中, 可进一步确定臂架多路阀的通电时间, 以确定臂 架油缸多路阀的作用时长。
步骤 S106, 根据振动相位 & 1 , 确定多路阀控制的投入时刻, 其中, 相位 & 1与相位&的差值为 nT/2, η为奇数。 可以考虑臂架油缸多路阀的 动作延迟时间、 相应传感器计算延迟时间及振动相位 & 1 的大小等因素, 确定多路阀控制的投入时刻, 以保证臂架油缸所产生的末节臂架的末端运 动分量的相位 & 1与限位 &的差值为 nT/2, 进而保证该运动分量可更好的 抵消末节臂架末端的振动。
步骤 S107, 驱动所述臂架油缸动作。 根据步骤 S104所确定的臂架油 缸的运动量、 步骤 S105所确定的臂架油缸多路阀的阀门开度及作用时长、 步骤 S106所确定的多路阀控制的投入时刻, 驱动臂架油缸进行相应动作。
上述实施例中, 采用设置在各节臂架上的倾角传感器实时检测末节臂 架的末端的坐标值, 然后在通过计算得到末节臂架的末端振动的振幅 Α、 相位&及周期 Τ, 本发明并不局限于此, 还可以通过相应的传感器直接检 测得到末节臂架的末端振动的振幅 Α、 相位&及周期 Τ, 如可直接检测振 幅八、 相位&及周期 Τ的倾角传感器等。
本发明还提供了一种臂架振动抑制系统, 以下实施例对其进行详细阐 述。 请参看图 3, 图 3为本发明所提供的臂架振动抑制系统的一种具体实 施方式的结构示意图。
如图 3所示,本发明提供的臂架振动抑制系统包括检测装置、控制器。 检测装置用于实时检测末节臂架的末端的位置; 所述控制器根据所述 位置的变化, 计算所述末节臂架的末端振动的振幅 A、 相位&及周期 T; 所述控制器将所述振幅 A与预设值进行比较, 若所述振幅 A大于预设值, 则发出驱动信号, 驱动至少一节臂架上的臂架油缸动作, 使得所述末节臂 架的末端产生一个具有振幅 Al、 相位& 1、 周期 T的运动分量, 且所述振 幅 A1 与所述振幅 A 的差值小于预设差值, 相位 & 1 与相位&的差值为 nT/2, 其中 η为奇数。
这种臂架振动抑制系统,在采集及分析了末节臂架的末端振动的振幅、 相位及周期的基础上, 控制至少一节臂架上的臂架油缸进行动作, 使得末 节臂架的末端产生一个运动分量, 该运动分量具有振幅 Al、 相位& 1、 周 期 Τ, 由减振投入时刻确定相位 & 1 , 减振施加量的大小确定振幅 A1 , 减 振作用时长确定周期 Τ, 该运动分量的振动方向与所检测到的末节臂架的 末端振动的方向相反, 因此, 该运动分量可完全或部分氏消臂架末端的振 动, 从而使得末节臂架的末端的振动幅度在预设范围内。
这种臂架振动抑制系统是以振动方向施加运动分量来达到减振的目 的, 这种系统不用改动臂架的机械结构和泵送、 臂架液压系统, 仅仅需要 知道臂架振动情况, 驱动臂架油缸实现减振, 可在不限制泵车排量的调节 范围的情况下, 有效抑制臂架的振动。 而且这种臂架振动抑制系统可在变 排量、 变姿态、 变换泵送料的情况下均可抑制臂架的振动, 其具有高度的 智能性和自适应性。
具体的方案中, 检测装置可以为设置于各臂架上的倾角传感器, 以具 有四节臂架的臂架系统为例, 如图 2所示, 四节臂架分别为臂架 11、 臂架 12、 臂架 13、 臂架 14, 臂架 11、 臂架 12、 臂架 13、 臂架 14的长度分别 为 12、 13、 14 , 臂架 11与水平面的夹角为 臂架 11与臂架 12之间的 夹角为 θ2 , 臂架 12与臂架 13之间的夹角为 θ3 , 臂架 13与臂架 14之间的 夹角为 θ4 , 根据各臂架的长度和相邻臂架之间的角度, 可以推导出末节臂 架的末端坐标的计算公式: x = -/4cl234 + /3cl23 - /2cl2 + l c\
y = -l4sl234 + l3sl23 - l2sl2 + 1^1
其中, cl表示 cos e sl表示 sine^ cl2表示 cos ( θ^ θζ ) , sl2表示 sin ( θ! + θ2 ) ,cl23表示 cos ( θ! + θ2 + θ3 ), sl23表示 sin ( θ! + θ2 + θ3 ), cl234 表示 cos ( Θ + ΘΖ +
Figure imgf000011_0001
+ 63 + 64 )。
具体的方案中,可通过控制臂架油缸多路阀来控制所述臂架油缸动作, 所述控制器向所述臂架油缸多路阀发送驱动信号,驱动所述臂架油缸动作。 臂架油缸的动作通常由臂架液压系统中的臂架油缸多路阀来控制, 通过控 制臂架油缸多路阀的开启时间(投入时刻 )、 阀门开度及作用时长可控制臂 架油缸的开始动作时间, 运动幅度的大小及运动时长。
进一步的方案, 可根据计算得到的振幅 Α, 可以确定对末节臂架的末 端作用的所述运动分量的振幅 A1 , 根据 A1的大小计算臂架油缸的所需的 运动幅度。
可根据上述臂架油缸所需的运动量,确定臂架油缸多路阀的阀门开度, 具体的方案中, 臂架油缸多路阀通常为电磁阀, 可通过控制臂架油缸多路 阀所需电流量的大小确定臂架油缸多路阀的阀门开度, 更具体的方案中, 可根据上述臂架油缸所需的运动量, 确定臂架油缸多路阀所需电流量的大 小; 根据末节臂架的末端所需的运动分量的振动周期 Τ, 确定臂架油缸多 路阀的作用时长, 更具体的方案中,可进一步确定臂架多路阀的通电时间, 以确定臂架油缸多路阀的作用时长。
可以考虑臂架油缸多路阀的动作延迟时间、 相应传感器计算延迟时间 及振动相位 & 1 的大小等因素, 确定多路阀控制的投入时刻, 以保证臂架 油缸所产生的末节臂架的末端运动分量的相位 & 1 与限位 &的差值为 ηΤ/2, 进而保证该运动分量可更好的抵消末节臂架末端的振动。
根据上述所确定的臂架油缸的运动量、 臂架油缸多路阀的阀门开度及 作用时长、 多路阀控制的投入时刻, 驱动臂架油缸进行相应动作。
上述实施例中, 检测装置采用设置于各臂架上的倾角传感器, 通过检 测各节臂架的倾斜角度及相应的计算得到末节臂架的末端的坐标值, 本发 明并不局限于此, 检测装置还可采用在各臂架上的旋转编码器或用于检测 各臂架油缸位移的位移传感器等, 进而采用相应的计算方法可计算出末节 臂架的末端的坐标值。
本发明还提供了一种臂架式工程机械, 该臂架式工程机械设有上述的 臂架振动抑制系统, 由于上述的臂架振动抑制系统具有上述技术效果, 具 有该臂架振动抑制系统的臂架式工程机械也应具有相应的技术效果, 在此 不再做详细介绍。
以上所述仅是发明的优选实施方式的描述, 应当指出, 由于文字表达 的有限性, 而在客观上存在无限的具体结构, 对于本技术领域的普通技术 人员来说, 在不脱离本发明原理的前提下, 还可以做出若干改进和润饰, 这些改进和润饰也应视为本发明的保护范围。

Claims

权 利 要 求
1、 一种臂架振动抑制方法, 其特征在于, 包括以下步骤:
步骤 A, 实时检测末节臂架的末端振动的振幅八、 相位&及周期 T; 步骤 B, 将所述振幅 A与预设值进行比较, 若所述振幅 A大于预设值 则进入步骤 C; 若所述振幅 A小于预设值, 则结束;
步骤 C, 驱动至少一节臂架上的臂架油缸动作, 使得所述末节臂架的 末端产生一个具有振幅 Al、相位& 1、 周期 T的运动分量, 且所述振幅 A1 与所述振幅 A的差值小于预设差值, 相位 & 1与相位 &的差值为 nT/2, 其 中 η为奇数。
2、根据权利要求 1所述的臂架振动抑制方法, 其特征在于, 所述步骤
Α具体包括:
步骤 A1 , 实时检测末节臂架的末端的位置,
步骤 A2,根据所述位置的变化,计算所述末节臂架的末端振动的振幅 A、 相位&及周期 T。
3、根据权利要求 1所述的臂架振动抑制方法, 其特征在于, 所述步骤
Α具体为: 直接实时检测末节臂架的末端振动的振幅 A、 相位 &及周期 T。
4、 根据权利要求 1-3任一项所述的臂架振动抑制方法, 其特征在于, 通过控制臂架油缸多路阀来控制所述臂架油缸动作。
5、根据权利要求 4所述的臂架振动抑制方法, 其特征在于, 所述步骤 C具体可以包括:
步骤 C1 , 根据振幅 A1 , 计算所述臂架油缸的运动量, 其中, 振幅 A1 与所述振幅 Α的差值小于预设差值;
步骤 C2, 确定所述臂架油缸多路阀的阀门开度及作用时长;
步骤 C3 , 根据振动相位 & 1 , 确定多路阀控制的投入时刻, 其中, 相 位 & 1与相位 &的差值为 nT/2, η为奇数;
步骤 C4, 驱动所述臂架油缸动作。
6、 一种臂架振动抑制系统, 其特征在于, 包括:
检测装置, 用于实时检测末节臂架的末端的位置;
控制器, 所述控制器根据所述位置的变化, 计算所述末节臂架的末端 振动的振幅 A、 相位&及周期 T; 所述控制器将所述振幅 A与预设值进行比较,若所述振幅 A大于预设 值, 则发出驱动信号, 驱动至少一节臂架上的臂架油缸动作, 使得所述末 节臂架的末端产生一个具有振幅 Al、 相位& 1、 周期 T的运动分量, 且所 述振幅 A1与所述振幅 A的差值小于预设差值, 相位 & 1与相位 &的差值 为 nT/2, 其中 η为奇数。
7、根据权利要求 6所述的臂架振动抑制系统, 其特征在于, 所述检测 装置包括设置于各臂架上的倾角传感器或 /和旋转编码器或用于检测各臂 架油缸位移的位移传感器。
8、根据权利要求 6或 7所述的臂架振动抑制系统, 其特征在于, 所述 控制器计算相应臂架油缸的运动量及运动频率, 以使得所述末节臂架的末 端产生一个具有振幅 Al、 相位& 1、 周期 Τ的运动分量, 且所述振幅 A1 与所述振幅 Α的差值小于预设差值, 相位 & 1与相位&的差值为 nT/2, η 为奇数。
9、根据权利要求 6所述的臂架振动抑制系统, 其特征在于, 还包括臂 架油缸多路阀, 所述控制器根据振幅 A1确定所述臂架油缸多路阀的阀门 开度及作用时长, 根据振动相位 & 1 , 确定多路阀控制的投入时刻, 并向所 述臂架油缸多路阀发送相应驱动信号, 以驱动所述臂架油缸动作。
10、 一种臂架式工程机械, 其特征在于, 该臂架式工程机械设有权利 要求 6-9任一项所述的臂架振动抑制系统。
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