WO2013054688A1 - Power management device, power storage device and display system - Google Patents

Power management device, power storage device and display system Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2013054688A1
WO2013054688A1 PCT/JP2012/075447 JP2012075447W WO2013054688A1 WO 2013054688 A1 WO2013054688 A1 WO 2013054688A1 JP 2012075447 W JP2012075447 W JP 2012075447W WO 2013054688 A1 WO2013054688 A1 WO 2013054688A1
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Prior art keywords
switch
power
power management
battery
inverter
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PCT/JP2012/075447
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French (fr)
Japanese (ja)
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西川　円
池田　憲史
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三洋電機株式会社
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/34—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering
    • H02J7/35—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering with light sensitive cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J1/00—Circuit arrangements for dc mains or dc distribution networks
    • H02J1/10—Parallel operation of dc sources
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J1/00—Circuit arrangements for dc mains or dc distribution networks
    • H02J1/14—Balancing the load in a network
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
    • Y02E10/56—Power conversion systems, e.g. maximum power point trackers

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a power management apparatus that performs power management.
  • Patent Documents 1 and 2, etc. In recent years, large display devices called digital signage, which are arranged outdoors and display advertisements and various information, are becoming widespread (Patent Documents 1 and 2, etc.).
  • a display system including a solar cell for digital signage (for example, Japanese Patent Application No. 2010-147775 (filed on June 3, 2010), Japanese Patent Application No. 2010-266333 (November 2010). 30 days application)).
  • a solar cell is provided above the display device (large monitor), and the display device and the solar cell are integrated.
  • the system is also equipped with a storage battery unit so that the power generated by the solar cell during the daytime can be used at night.
  • the display device is driven only by the solar cell as in the above display system, but the power generation amount of the solar cell becomes low due to cloudy or rainy weather, and the driving power of the display device (load) is very high. If it is high, the display device cannot be driven stably.
  • an object of the present invention is to provide a power management device that solves the above problems, a power storage device including the power management device, and a display system.
  • a power management apparatus is a power management apparatus, A first switch for switching power supply or interruption from the solar cell to the power management device; A second switch arranged downstream of the first switch and for switching power supply to or shutoff from the storage battery; A third switch for switching power supply or interruption from the storage battery to the inverter; A fourth switch that switches power supply to or from the power management apparatus from an AC / DC converter that converts commercial AC power to DC; A fifth switch for switching power supply or interruption from the AC / DC converter to the inverter; It is characterized by providing.
  • a power storage device includes the power management device having the above configuration, the AC / DC converter, the storage battery, and the inverter in the same casing.
  • a display system includes the power management device configured as described above, the solar cell, the AC / DC converter, the storage battery, the inverter, and a display device connectable to the inverter. It is characterized by that.
  • the present invention it is possible to drive the load stably even when it is raining or cloudy or when the driving power of the load is high.
  • the rear view of the electrical storage apparatus which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention is shown. It is an enlarged view of the wiring board attachment part in an electrical storage apparatus.
  • FIG. 1 A configuration of a display system 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown in FIG.
  • the display system 100 shown in FIGS. 2 to 4 to be described later is the same as the display system 100 shown in FIG.
  • the display system 100 includes a solar cell 1, an AC / DC converter 2, a PMU (Power Management Unit) 3, a protection unit 4, a battery 5, an inverter 6, a display device 7, and illuminance sensors 8A to 8E. I have.
  • a commercial AC power supply 50 is connected to the AC / DC converter 2.
  • the AC / DC converter 2, the PMU 3, the protection unit 4, the battery 5 and the inverter 6 are housed in the same box-shaped casing to constitute a power storage device.
  • the solar cell 1, the illuminance sensors 8A to 8E, and the display device 7 are installed outdoors such as a public transportation stop such as a park or a bus stop, and the power storage device is connected to the display device 7 or the like. Installed indoors away.
  • FIG. 5 shows a rear view of the power storage device.
  • the rear door 61 that forms a part of the box-shaped housing is provided with a wiring board mounting portion 64 that is recessed on the front side (the back side in FIG. 5).
  • a wiring board (not shown) is attached to the wiring board attaching portion 64 from the inside of the housing, and various connectors of the wiring board are exposed to the back side from the holes formed in the wiring board attaching portion 64.
  • the various connectors are an illuminance sensor connector 62, a DC output connector 63, an RS-485 connector 65, and a solar cell connector 66.
  • FIG. 6 the enlarged view of the wiring board attaching part 64 is shown.
  • the illuminance sensor connector 62 is a connector for connecting the illuminance sensors 8A to 8E (FIG. 1).
  • the DC output connector 63 is a connector for taking out a DC output of an AC / DC converter (not shown) connected to the inverter 6 to the outside of the power storage device.
  • the DC output connector 63 is used to drive a fan for cooling the display device 7 (FIG. 1).
  • the RS-485 connector 65 is a connector for connecting an external PC, and the PMU 3 can notify the PC of the operation state by the connection.
  • the solar cell connector 66 is a connector for connecting the solar cell 1 (FIG. 1).
  • the PMU 3 includes a charging circuit 31, a control unit 32, a first switch SW1, a second switch SW2, a third switch SW3, a fourth switch SW4, and a fifth switch SW5.
  • the first switch SW1 to the fifth switch SW5 are switch elements composed of, for example, MOS transistors.
  • 1st switch SW1 switches the electric power supply from the solar cell 1 to the charging circuit 31, or interruption
  • the second switch SW2 switches power supply or interruption from the charging circuit 31 to the battery 5.
  • the third switch SW3 switches power supply or interruption from the battery 5 to the inverter 6 to which the display device 7 is connected.
  • the fourth switch SW4 switches power supply or interruption from the AC / DC converter 2 to which the commercial AC power supply 50 is connected to the charging circuit 31.
  • the fifth switch SW5 switches power supply or interruption from the AC / DC converter 2 to the inverter 6.
  • Solar cell 1 receives sunlight to generate electric power, and supplies the generated DC power (for example, 100 V) to charging circuit 31 via first switch SW1.
  • the AC / DC converter 2 converts AC power supplied from the commercial AC power supply 50 into DC power (for example, 60 V), and supplies the DC power to the charging circuit 31 via the fourth switch SW4.
  • the input system from the solar cell 1 and the AC / DC converter 2 to the charging circuit 31 is one system.
  • the charging circuit 31 charges the battery 5 with the DC power supplied from the solar cell 1 or the AC / DC converter 2 via the second switch SW2 and the protection unit 4.
  • the charging circuit 31 has a function of outputting a constant voltage (for example, about 50 V) and a constant current corresponding to the rated voltage and rated current of the battery 5.
  • the protection unit 4 has a function of protecting the battery 5 by cutting off the battery 5 from the power line when detecting an overcharged state, an overdischarged state, or the like of the battery 5.
  • the protection unit 4 also has a function of cutting off the battery 5 from the power line when a surge voltage is detected.
  • the battery 5 is composed of, for example, a plurality of lithium ion batteries.
  • DC power charged in the battery 5 is discharged to the inverter 6 through the protection unit 4 and the third switch SW3. Further, the DC power output from the charging circuit 31 is supplied to the inverter 6 via the second switch SW2, the protection unit 4, and the third switch SW3.
  • the inverter 6 converts the supplied DC power into AC power and supplies the AC power to the display device 7 as a load.
  • the display device 7 is, for example, a liquid crystal display device, and displays various information such as advertisement information, news, and transportation information.
  • the DC power output from the AC / DC converter 2 can be directly supplied to the inverter 6 via the fifth switch SW5.
  • the five illuminance sensors 8A to 8E for detecting the illuminance of outside light are provided in the vicinity of the solar cell 1 and send the detected illuminance information to the control unit 32.
  • the control unit 32 is configured by, for example, a microcomputer, and performs on / off control of the first switch SW1 to the fifth switch SW5 based on the illuminance information from the illuminance sensors 8A to 8E and the remaining capacity information from the battery 5.
  • the control unit 32 determines whether the current time is daytime or nighttime based on the illuminance information from the illuminance sensors 8A to 8E.
  • the control unit 32 compares the illuminance levels indicated by the respective illuminance information from the illuminance sensors 8A to 8E with a predetermined threshold, and if the number of illuminance information that is equal to or greater than the threshold is greater than the number of illuminance information that are not, the current daytime If the number of illuminance information that is equal to or greater than the threshold is less than the number of illuminance information that is not so, it is determined that the present is nighttime.
  • the term “daytime” includes not only clear weather but also cloudy weather and rainy weather.
  • the illuminance levels detected by the four illuminance sensors are all Since the threshold value is exceeded, it can be correctly determined that it is daytime. Further, even when a certain illuminance sensor is dirty and the detected illuminance level becomes small, it can be correctly determined.
  • control unit 32 When determining that it is daytime, the control unit 32 turns on the first switch SW1, the second switch SW2, and the third switch SW3 and turns off the fourth switch SW4 and the fifth switch SW5 as shown in FIG. .
  • the electric power necessary for driving the display device 7 is supplied to the inverter 6 among the electric power generated by the solar cell 1 and output from the charging circuit 31, and the rest
  • the battery 5 is charged with electric power.
  • the power generation amount of the solar cell 1 is low and the power output from the charging circuit 31 is smaller than the power required for driving the display device 7
  • power is supplied from the charging circuit 31 to the inverter 6 and the battery 5 To the inverter 6.
  • the electric power output from the charging circuit 31 loses its place to the display device 7 and is charged to the battery 5 altogether.
  • the control unit 32 detects from the remaining capacity information from the battery 5 that the remaining capacity of the battery 5 has become equal to or less than a predetermined threshold value (for example, 10%) close to zero, the fifth switch SW5 is switched from the switch state of FIG. Is turned on and the third switch SW3 is turned off. Thereby, the display device 7 can be stably driven by the commercial power source 50 by turning on the fifth switch SW5 while charging the battery 5 with all the electric power generated by the solar cell 1.
  • a predetermined threshold value for example, 10%
  • the nighttime operation based on the above-described daytime operation will be described.
  • the control unit 32 determines that the current time is night based on the illuminance information from the illuminance sensors 8A to 8E, the remaining capacity of the battery 5 is further in a fully charged state, an intermediate state, or depleted from the remaining capacity information from the battery 5.
  • Determine which of the states For example, it is determined that the battery is fully charged if the remaining capacity is 80% or more, the intermediate state if the remaining capacity is 20% or more and less than 80%, and the exhausted state if the remaining capacity is less than 20%.
  • the control unit 32 turns off the first switch SW1, the fourth switch SW4, and the fifth switch SW5, and the second switch SW2 and the third switch SW3.
  • Switch SW3 is turned on.
  • the second switch SW2 may be turned off.
  • the display device 7 can be driven without using the power of the commercial AC power supply 50 by using the power charged in the battery 5 by the power generation of the solar cell 1 in the daytime.
  • the same effect can be obtained even if the fourth switch SW4 is turned on and the second switch SW2 is turned off. In this case, power is supplied to the charging circuit 31 and wasteful power is consumed. Therefore, in the present embodiment, the fourth switch SW4 is turned off.
  • the control unit 32 turns off the first switch SW1 and the third switch SW3 and turns off the second switch SW2, the fourth switch SW4, and the second switch SW3 as shown in FIG. 5 Switch SW5 is turned on.
  • the battery 5 is charged with all of the electric power supplied from the commercial AC power supply 50 and output from the charging circuit 31.
  • the power supplied from the commercial AC power supply 50 is supplied to the inverter 6 via the fifth switch SW5. Therefore, even when the remaining capacity of the battery 5 is in a depleted state at night, it is possible to continue driving the display device 7 by supplying power to the display device 7 while charging the battery 5.
  • the power charge is low at night, there is no problem even if the display device 7 is driven using the power supplied from the commercial AC power supply 50.
  • control unit 32 turns off the first switch SW1 and the fifth switch SW5, and the second switch SW2, the third switch SW3, and the second switch SW3 as shown in FIG. 4 Switch SW4 is turned on.
  • the number of illuminance sensors is five, but may be one or two or more.
  • a serial interface such as RS-485 may be provided in the PMU 3
  • an external PC may be connected to the serial interface
  • the operation status of the PMU 3 may be notified from the control unit 32 of the PMU 3 to the PC.
  • the operation status includes, for example, the on / off state of each switch.
  • the remaining capacity of the battery 5 is set to 10% as a predetermined threshold value close to zero, but is not limited to this value.
  • the threshold values for determining the state of the remaining capacity of the battery 5 are 80% and 20%. However, the threshold values are not limited to these values.
  • only one threshold value may be used to determine whether the battery is fully charged or exhausted, and switch control may be performed.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

In the present invention, a power management device is equipped with the following: a first switch that switches between supplying and shutting off power from a solar battery to the power management device; a second switch that is disposed after the first switch and switches between supplying and shutting off power to a storage battery; a third switch that switches between supplying and shutting off power from the storage battery to an inverter; a fourth switch that switches between supplying and shutting off power to the power management device from an AC/DC converter that converts a commercial alternating current power source to direct current; and a fifth switch that switches between supplying and shutting off power from the AC/DC converter to the inverter.

Description

電力管理装置、蓄電装置及び表示システムPower management device, power storage device, and display system
　本発明は、電力管理を行う電力管理装置に関する。 The present invention relates to a power management apparatus that performs power management.
　近年、デジタルサイネージと呼ばれる、屋外等に配置され、広告や様々な情報を表示する大型の表示装置が普及しつつある（特許文献１、２など）。 In recent years, large display devices called digital signage, which are arranged outdoors and display advertisements and various information, are becoming widespread ( Patent Documents 1 and 2, etc.).
特開２００９－２９４２８４号公報JP 2009-294284 A 特開２００９－２９６１０５号公報JP 2009-296105 A 英国特許出願公開第２４５３７２３号明細書British Patent Application No. 2453723
　また、出願人は、太陽電池を備えた表示システムをデジタルサイネージ用に開発中である（例えば、特願２０１０－１４７７７５（２０１０年６月３日出願）、特願２０１０－２６６３３３（２０１０年１１月３０日出願））。このシステムでは、表示装置（大型モニタ）の上部に太陽電池を設け、表示装置と太陽電池が一体化した構成となっている。また、該システムでは、昼間に太陽電池で発電した電力を夜間に利用できるよう、蓄電池ユニットも搭載している。 Further, the applicant is developing a display system including a solar cell for digital signage (for example, Japanese Patent Application No. 2010-147775 (filed on June 3, 2010), Japanese Patent Application No. 2010-266333 (November 2010). 30 days application)). In this system, a solar cell is provided above the display device (large monitor), and the display device and the solar cell are integrated. The system is also equipped with a storage battery unit so that the power generated by the solar cell during the daytime can be used at night.
　上記表示システムのように太陽電池のみにより表示装置を駆動することが理想的であるが、曇天または雨天によって太陽電池の発電量が低くなったり、また、表示装置（負荷）の駆動電力が非常に高い場合は、表示装置の駆動を安定して行えない。 It is ideal that the display device is driven only by the solar cell as in the above display system, but the power generation amount of the solar cell becomes low due to cloudy or rainy weather, and the driving power of the display device (load) is very high. If it is high, the display device cannot be driven stably.
　そこで、本発明は、上記問題を解決する電力管理装置、これを備える蓄電装置及び表示システムを提供することを目的とする。 Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a power management device that solves the above problems, a power storage device including the power management device, and a display system.
　本発明に係る電力管理装置は、電力管理装置であって、
　太陽電池から当該電力管理装置への電力供給または遮断を切替える第１スイッチと、
　第１スイッチより後段に配され、蓄電池への電力供給または遮断を切替える第２スイッチと、
　前記蓄電池からインバータへの電力供給または遮断を切替える第３スイッチと、
　商用交流電源を直流に変換するＡＣ／ＤＣコンバータから当該電力管理装置への電力供給または遮断を切替える第４スイッチと、
　前記ＡＣ／ＤＣコンバータから前記インバータへの電力供給または遮断を切替える第５スイッチと、
　を備えることを特徴とする。 A power management apparatus according to the present invention is a power management apparatus,
A first switch for switching power supply or interruption from the solar cell to the power management device;
A second switch arranged downstream of the first switch and for switching power supply to or shutoff from the storage battery;
A third switch for switching power supply or interruption from the storage battery to the inverter;
A fourth switch that switches power supply to or from the power management apparatus from an AC / DC converter that converts commercial AC power to DC;
A fifth switch for switching power supply or interruption from the AC / DC converter to the inverter;
It is characterized by providing.
　また、本発明に係る蓄電装置は、上記構成の電力管理装置と、前記ＡＣ／ＤＣコンバータと、前記蓄電池と、前記インバータと、を同一の筐体内部に備えることを特徴とする。 In addition, a power storage device according to the present invention includes the power management device having the above configuration, the AC / DC converter, the storage battery, and the inverter in the same casing.
　また、本発明に係る表示システムは、上記構成の電力管理装置と、前記太陽電池と、前記ＡＣ／ＤＣコンバータと、前記蓄電池と、前記インバータと、前記インバータに接続可能な表示装置と、を備えることを特徴とする。 In addition, a display system according to the present invention includes the power management device configured as described above, the solar cell, the AC / DC converter, the storage battery, the inverter, and a display device connectable to the inverter. It is characterized by that.
　本発明によると、雨天や曇天の場合であったり、負荷の駆動電力が高い場合でも、負荷の駆動を安定して行うことができる。 According to the present invention, it is possible to drive the load stably even when it is raining or cloudy or when the driving power of the load is high.
本発明の一実施形態に係る表示システムの昼間の動作状態を示す構成図である。It is a block diagram which shows the operation state of the daytime of the display system which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. 本発明の一実施形態に係る表示システムの夜間の動作状態（バッテリ残容量が満充電状態の場合）を示す構成図である。It is a block diagram which shows the nighttime operation state (when battery remaining capacity is a full charge state) of the display system which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. 本発明の一実施形態に係る表示システムの夜間の動作状態（バッテリ残容量が枯渇状態の場合）を示す構成図である。It is a block diagram which shows the nighttime operation state (when battery remaining capacity is a depletion state) of the display system which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. 本発明の一実施形態に係る表示システムの夜間の動作状態（バッテリ残容量が中間状態の場合）を示す構成図である。It is a block diagram which shows the nighttime operation state (when battery remaining capacity is an intermediate state) of the display system which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. 本発明の一実施形態に係る蓄電装置の背面図を示す。The rear view of the electrical storage apparatus which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention is shown. 蓄電装置における配線板取付部の拡大図である。It is an enlarged view of the wiring board attachment part in an electrical storage apparatus.
　以下、本発明の一実施形態について図面を参照して説明する。本発明の一実施形態に係る表示システム１００の構成を図１に示す。なお、後述する図２～図４に示す表示システム１００は、図１に示す表示システム１００とスイッチの状態が異なるだけであり、同一のものである。 Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. A configuration of a display system 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown in FIG. The display system 100 shown in FIGS. 2 to 4 to be described later is the same as the display system 100 shown in FIG.
　表示システム１００は、太陽電池１と、ＡＣ／ＤＣコンバータ２と、ＰＭＵ（Power　Management　Unit）３と、保護ユニット４と、バッテリ５と、インバータ６と、表示装置７と、照度センサー８Ａ～８Ｅを備えている。ＡＣ／ＤＣコンバータ２には、商用交流電源５０が接続される。 The display system 100 includes a solar cell 1, an AC / DC converter 2, a PMU (Power Management Unit) 3, a protection unit 4, a battery 5, an inverter 6, a display device 7, and illuminance sensors 8A to 8E. I have. A commercial AC power supply 50 is connected to the AC / DC converter 2.
　表示システム１００のうち、ＡＣ／ＤＣコンバータ２、ＰＭＵ３、保護ユニット４、バッテリ５及びインバータ６は、同一の箱型の筐体内に収められて蓄電装置を構成する。なお、表示システム１００のうち、太陽電池１、照度センサー８Ａ～８Ｅ及び表示装置７は、例えば公園、バス停等の公共交通機関の停留所などの屋外に設置され、上記蓄電装置は表示装置７等から離れた屋内に設置される。 In the display system 100, the AC / DC converter 2, the PMU 3, the protection unit 4, the battery 5 and the inverter 6 are housed in the same box-shaped casing to constitute a power storage device. In the display system 100, the solar cell 1, the illuminance sensors 8A to 8E, and the display device 7 are installed outdoors such as a public transportation stop such as a park or a bus stop, and the power storage device is connected to the display device 7 or the like. Installed indoors away.
　ここで、図５に、蓄電装置の背面図を示す。箱型の筐体の一部をなす背面扉６１には、前面側（図５の紙面奥側）に凹んだ配線板取付部６４が設けられる。そして、筐体内部側から配線板（不図示）が配線板取付部６４に取り付けられ、配線板が有する各種コネクタが配線板取付部６４に形成された孔部から背面側に露出する。該各種コネクタは、照度センサー用コネクタ６２、ＤＣ出力用コネクタ６３、ＲＳ－４８５コネクタ６５及び太陽電池用コネクタ６６である。図６に、配線板取付部６４の拡大図を示す。 Here, FIG. 5 shows a rear view of the power storage device. The rear door 61 that forms a part of the box-shaped housing is provided with a wiring board mounting portion 64 that is recessed on the front side (the back side in FIG. 5). Then, a wiring board (not shown) is attached to the wiring board attaching portion 64 from the inside of the housing, and various connectors of the wiring board are exposed to the back side from the holes formed in the wiring board attaching portion 64. The various connectors are an illuminance sensor connector 62, a DC output connector 63, an RS-485 connector 65, and a solar cell connector 66. In FIG. 6, the enlarged view of the wiring board attaching part 64 is shown.
　照度センサー用コネクタ６２は、照度センサー８Ａ～８Ｅ（図１）を接続するためのコネクタである。ＤＣ出力用コネクタ６３は、インバータ６に接続される不図示のＡＣ／ＤＣコンバータの直流出力を蓄電装置外部へ取り出すためのコネクタである。ＤＣ出力用コネクタ６３は、表示装置７（図１）を冷却するためのファンを駆動するのに用いられる。ＲＳ－４８５コネクタ６５は、外部のＰＣを接続するためのコネクタであり、接続によりＰＭＵ３から動作状態をＰＣへ通知するなどができる。太陽電池用コネクタ６６は、太陽電池１（図１）を接続するためのコネクタである。 The illuminance sensor connector 62 is a connector for connecting the illuminance sensors 8A to 8E (FIG. 1). The DC output connector 63 is a connector for taking out a DC output of an AC / DC converter (not shown) connected to the inverter 6 to the outside of the power storage device. The DC output connector 63 is used to drive a fan for cooling the display device 7 (FIG. 1). The RS-485 connector 65 is a connector for connecting an external PC, and the PMU 3 can notify the PC of the operation state by the connection. The solar cell connector 66 is a connector for connecting the solar cell 1 (FIG. 1).
　ＰＭＵ３は、充電回路３１と、制御部３２と、第１スイッチＳＷ１と、第２スイッチＳＷ２と、第３スイッチＳＷ３と、第４スイッチＳＷ４と、第５スイッチＳＷ５を有している。第１スイッチＳＷ１～第５スイッチＳＷ５は、例えばＭＯＳトランジスタで構成されるスイッチ素子である。 The PMU 3 includes a charging circuit 31, a control unit 32, a first switch SW1, a second switch SW2, a third switch SW3, a fourth switch SW4, and a fifth switch SW5. The first switch SW1 to the fifth switch SW5 are switch elements composed of, for example, MOS transistors.
　第１スイッチＳＷ１は、太陽電池１から充電回路３１への電力供給または遮断を切替える。第２スイッチＳＷ２は、充電回路３１からバッテリ５への電力供給または遮断を切替える。第３スイッチＳＷ３は、バッテリ５から表示装置７が接続されるインバータ６への電力供給または遮断を切替える。第４スイッチＳＷ４は、商用交流電源５０が接続されるＡＣ／ＤＣコンバータ２から充電回路３１への電力供給または遮断を切替える。第５スイッチＳＷ５は、ＡＣ／ＤＣコンバータ２からインバータ６への電力供給または遮断を切替える。 1st switch SW1 switches the electric power supply from the solar cell 1 to the charging circuit 31, or interruption | blocking. The second switch SW2 switches power supply or interruption from the charging circuit 31 to the battery 5. The third switch SW3 switches power supply or interruption from the battery 5 to the inverter 6 to which the display device 7 is connected. The fourth switch SW4 switches power supply or interruption from the AC / DC converter 2 to which the commercial AC power supply 50 is connected to the charging circuit 31. The fifth switch SW5 switches power supply or interruption from the AC / DC converter 2 to the inverter 6.
　太陽電池１は、太陽光を受けて発電し、発電した直流電力（例えば１００Ｖ）を第１スイッチＳＷ１を介して充電回路３１に供給する。ＡＣ／ＤＣコンバータ２は、商用交流電源５０から供給される交流電力を直流電力（例えば６０Ｖ）に変換し、直流電力を第４スイッチＳＷ４を介して充電回路３１に供給する。なお、太陽電池１及びＡＣ／ＤＣコンバータ２から充電回路３１への入力系統は１系統である。 Solar cell 1 receives sunlight to generate electric power, and supplies the generated DC power (for example, 100 V) to charging circuit 31 via first switch SW1. The AC / DC converter 2 converts AC power supplied from the commercial AC power supply 50 into DC power (for example, 60 V), and supplies the DC power to the charging circuit 31 via the fourth switch SW4. In addition, the input system from the solar cell 1 and the AC / DC converter 2 to the charging circuit 31 is one system.
　充電回路３１は、太陽電池１またはＡＣ／ＤＣコンバータ２から供給される直流電力を第２スイッチＳＷ２及び保護ユニット４を介してバッテリ５へ充電させる。充電回路３１は、バッテリ５の定格電圧及び定格電流に応じた定電圧（例えば５０Ｖ程度）及び定電流を出力する機能を有している。保護ユニット４は、バッテリ５の過充電状態、過放電状態等を検知すると、バッテリ５を電力ラインから遮断してバッテリ５を保護する機能を有する。また、保護ユニット４は、サージ電圧を検知すると、バッテリ５を電力ラインから遮断する機能も有している。バッテリ５は、例えば複数本のリチウムイオン電池から構成される。 The charging circuit 31 charges the battery 5 with the DC power supplied from the solar cell 1 or the AC / DC converter 2 via the second switch SW2 and the protection unit 4. The charging circuit 31 has a function of outputting a constant voltage (for example, about 50 V) and a constant current corresponding to the rated voltage and rated current of the battery 5. The protection unit 4 has a function of protecting the battery 5 by cutting off the battery 5 from the power line when detecting an overcharged state, an overdischarged state, or the like of the battery 5. The protection unit 4 also has a function of cutting off the battery 5 from the power line when a surge voltage is detected. The battery 5 is composed of, for example, a plurality of lithium ion batteries.
　バッテリ５に充電された直流電力は、保護ユニット４及び第３スイッチＳＷ３を介してインバータ６に放電される。また、充電回路３１が出力する直流電力は、第２スイッチＳＷ２、保護ユニット４及び第３スイッチＳＷ３を介してインバータ６に供給される。 DC power charged in the battery 5 is discharged to the inverter 6 through the protection unit 4 and the third switch SW3. Further, the DC power output from the charging circuit 31 is supplied to the inverter 6 via the second switch SW2, the protection unit 4, and the third switch SW3.
　インバータ６は、供給された直流電力を交流電力に変換し、交流電力を負荷としての表示装置７に供給する。表示装置７は、例えば液晶表示装置であり、例えば広告情報、ニュース及び交通機関情報などの各種情報を表示する。 The inverter 6 converts the supplied DC power into AC power and supplies the AC power to the display device 7 as a load. The display device 7 is, for example, a liquid crystal display device, and displays various information such as advertisement information, news, and transportation information.
　また、ＡＣ／ＤＣコンバータ２が出力する直流電力は、第５スイッチＳＷ５を介して直接的にインバータ６に供給することもできる。 Also, the DC power output from the AC / DC converter 2 can be directly supplied to the inverter 6 via the fifth switch SW5.
　外光の照度を検出する五つの照度センサー８Ａ～８Ｅは、太陽電池１の近傍に設けられ、検出した照度情報を制御部３２に送る。制御部３２は、例えばマイコンで構成され、照度センサー８Ａ～８Ｅからの照度情報及びバッテリ５からの残容量情報に基づいて第１スイッチＳＷ１～第５スイッチＳＷ５をオンオフ制御する。 The five illuminance sensors 8A to 8E for detecting the illuminance of outside light are provided in the vicinity of the solar cell 1 and send the detected illuminance information to the control unit 32. The control unit 32 is configured by, for example, a microcomputer, and performs on / off control of the first switch SW1 to the fifth switch SW5 based on the illuminance information from the illuminance sensors 8A to 8E and the remaining capacity information from the battery 5.
　このように照度センサーの出力を用いて各スイッチを切替える構成を採ることで、太陽電池からの出力電流等を監視して切替える構成よりもシンプルな構成でのスイッチ制御が可能となる。 By adopting a configuration in which each switch is switched using the output of the illuminance sensor in this way, switch control with a simpler configuration than the configuration in which the output current from the solar cell is monitored and switched is possible.
　次に、このような構成である表示システム１００の動作について図１～図４を用いて説明する。 Next, the operation of the display system 100 having such a configuration will be described with reference to FIGS.
＜昼間の動作＞
　制御部３２は、照度センサー８Ａ～８Ｅからの照度情報に基づいて現在が昼間か夜間かを判断する。制御部３２は、照度センサー８Ａ～８Ｅからのそれぞれの照度情報が示す照度レベルを所定の閾値と比較し、閾値以上である照度情報の数がそうでない照度情報の数より多ければ、現在は昼間であると判断し、閾値以上である照度情報の数がそうでない照度情報の数より少なければ、現在は夜間であると判断する。なお、ここで昼間とは、晴天の場合以外に曇天、雨天の場合も含む。 <Daytime operation>
The control unit 32 determines whether the current time is daytime or nighttime based on the illuminance information from the illuminance sensors 8A to 8E. The control unit 32 compares the illuminance levels indicated by the respective illuminance information from the illuminance sensors 8A to 8E with a predetermined threshold, and if the number of illuminance information that is equal to or greater than the threshold is greater than the number of illuminance information that are not, the current daytime If the number of illuminance information that is equal to or greater than the threshold is less than the number of illuminance information that is not so, it is determined that the present is nighttime. Note that the term “daytime” includes not only clear weather but also cloudy weather and rainy weather.
　このような判断方法によれば、例えば昼間の場合に五つの照度センサーのうち或る一つの照度センサーがたまたま影に入ってしまったときでも、四つの照度センサーにより検出される照度レベルはいずれも閾値以上となるので、昼間であると正しく判断できる。また、或る一つの照度センサーが汚れており検出される照度レベルが小さくなった場合でも、正しく判断することができる。 According to such a determination method, for example, even when one of the five illuminance sensors happens to be in the shadow during the daytime, the illuminance levels detected by the four illuminance sensors are all Since the threshold value is exceeded, it can be correctly determined that it is daytime. Further, even when a certain illuminance sensor is dirty and the detected illuminance level becomes small, it can be correctly determined.
　制御部３２は、昼間であると判断した場合、図１に示すように第１スイッチＳＷ１、第２スイッチＳＷ２及び第３スイッチＳＷ３をオンとし、第４スイッチＳＷ４及び第５スイッチＳＷ５をオフとする。 When determining that it is daytime, the control unit 32 turns on the first switch SW1, the second switch SW2, and the third switch SW3 and turns off the fourth switch SW4 and the fifth switch SW5 as shown in FIG. .
　これにより、負荷としての表示装置７を駆動させる場合、太陽電池１が発電して充電回路３１から出力される電力のうち、表示装置７の駆動に必要な電力がインバータ６に供給され、残りの電力はバッテリ５に充電される。但し、太陽電池１の発電量が低く、充電回路３１から出力される電力が表示装置７の駆動に必要な電力より小さい場合は、充電回路３１からインバータ６へ電力が供給されると共に、バッテリ５からインバータ６へ放電される。なお、表示装置７が駆動を停止している場合は、充電回路３１から出力される電力は表示装置７への行き場を失って全てバッテリ５に充電される。 Thereby, when driving the display device 7 as a load, the electric power necessary for driving the display device 7 is supplied to the inverter 6 among the electric power generated by the solar cell 1 and output from the charging circuit 31, and the rest The battery 5 is charged with electric power. However, when the power generation amount of the solar cell 1 is low and the power output from the charging circuit 31 is smaller than the power required for driving the display device 7, power is supplied from the charging circuit 31 to the inverter 6 and the battery 5 To the inverter 6. When the display device 7 is not driven, the electric power output from the charging circuit 31 loses its place to the display device 7 and is charged to the battery 5 altogether.
　なお、昼間の場合でも曇天または雨天が長く続くと、太陽電池１の発電量が低い状態が長く続くので、上述のようにバッテリ５からの放電が続くことになり、そのままの状態ではバッテリ５が枯渇して表示装置７の駆動に支障をきたす。そこで、バッテリ５の残容量がゼロに近い所定の閾値（例えば１０％）以下になったことを制御部３２がバッテリ５からの残容量情報から検知すると、図１のスイッチ状態から第５スイッチＳＷ５をオンとすると共に、第３スイッチＳＷ３をオフとする。これにより、太陽電池１が発電した電力を全てバッテリ５に充電させつつ、第５スイッチＳＷ５のオンによって表示装置７を商用電源５０により安定して駆動することができる。 Even in the daytime, if the cloudy or rainy weather continues for a long time, the state in which the power generation amount of the solar cell 1 is low continues for a long time, so that the discharge from the battery 5 continues as described above. It is depleted and hinders driving of the display device 7. Therefore, when the control unit 32 detects from the remaining capacity information from the battery 5 that the remaining capacity of the battery 5 has become equal to or less than a predetermined threshold value (for example, 10%) close to zero, the fifth switch SW5 is switched from the switch state of FIG. Is turned on and the third switch SW3 is turned off. Thereby, the display device 7 can be stably driven by the commercial power source 50 by turning on the fifth switch SW5 while charging the battery 5 with all the electric power generated by the solar cell 1.
＜夜間の動作＞
　ここでは、上述した昼間の動作を前提とした夜間の動作について説明する。制御部３２は、照度センサ８Ａ～８Ｅからの照度情報に基づいて現在が夜間であると判断した場合、さらにバッテリ５からの残容量情報よりバッテリ５の残容量が満充電状態、中間状態または枯渇状態のいずれであるかを判定する。例えば、残容量が８０％以上であれば満充電状態、残容量が２０％以上かつ８０％より小さければ中間状態、残容量が２０％より小さければ枯渇状態であると判定する。 <Night action>
Here, the nighttime operation based on the above-described daytime operation will be described. When the control unit 32 determines that the current time is night based on the illuminance information from the illuminance sensors 8A to 8E, the remaining capacity of the battery 5 is further in a fully charged state, an intermediate state, or depleted from the remaining capacity information from the battery 5. Determine which of the states. For example, it is determined that the battery is fully charged if the remaining capacity is 80% or more, the intermediate state if the remaining capacity is 20% or more and less than 80%, and the exhausted state if the remaining capacity is less than 20%.
　バッテリ５の残容量が満充電である場合は、制御部３２は、図２に示すように、第１スイッチＳＷ１、第４スイッチＳＷ４及び第５スイッチＳＷ５をオフとし、第２スイッチＳＷ２及び第３スイッチＳＷ３をオンとする。なお、第２スイッチＳＷ２はオフとしてもよい。 When the remaining capacity of the battery 5 is fully charged, as shown in FIG. 2, the control unit 32 turns off the first switch SW1, the fourth switch SW4, and the fifth switch SW5, and the second switch SW2 and the third switch SW3. Switch SW3 is turned on. The second switch SW2 may be turned off.
　これにより、バッテリ５が充電されて満充電となると、バッテリ５の放電のみによりインバータ６へ電力が供給される。従って、昼間に太陽電池１の発電によりバッテリ５に充電された電力を使用し、商用交流電源５０の電力を使用することなく表示装置７を駆動できる。 Thus, when the battery 5 is charged and fully charged, power is supplied to the inverter 6 only by discharging the battery 5. Accordingly, the display device 7 can be driven without using the power of the commercial AC power supply 50 by using the power charged in the battery 5 by the power generation of the solar cell 1 in the daytime.
　なお、第４スイッチＳＷ４をオンとして第２スイッチＳＷ２をオフとしても同様の効果は得られるが、その場合は充電回路３１に電力が供給されて無駄な電力が消費されてしまうので、これを防ぐため本実施例では第４スイッチＳＷ４をオフとしている。 The same effect can be obtained even if the fourth switch SW4 is turned on and the second switch SW2 is turned off. In this case, power is supplied to the charging circuit 31 and wasteful power is consumed. Therefore, in the present embodiment, the fourth switch SW4 is turned off.
　もしバッテリ５の残容量が枯渇状態である場合は、制御部３２は、図３に示すように、第１スイッチＳＷ１及び第３スイッチＳＷ３をオフとし、第２スイッチＳＷ２、第４スイッチＳＷ４及び第５スイッチＳＷ５をオンとする。 If the remaining capacity of the battery 5 is in a depleted state, the control unit 32 turns off the first switch SW1 and the third switch SW3 and turns off the second switch SW2, the fourth switch SW4, and the second switch SW3 as shown in FIG. 5 Switch SW5 is turned on.
　これにより、商用交流電源５０から供給されて充電回路３１が出力する電力の全てがバッテリ５に充電される。それと共に、商用交流電源５０から供給される電力が第５スイッチＳＷ５を介してインバータ６へ供給される。従って、夜間で且つバッテリ５の残容量が枯渇状態の場合でも、バッテリ５を充電しつつ、表示装置７へ電力を供給して表示装置７の駆動を継続することができる。また、夜間は電力料金が安いので、商用交流電源５０から供給される電力を使用して表示装置７を駆動しても問題はない。 Thereby, the battery 5 is charged with all of the electric power supplied from the commercial AC power supply 50 and output from the charging circuit 31. At the same time, the power supplied from the commercial AC power supply 50 is supplied to the inverter 6 via the fifth switch SW5. Therefore, even when the remaining capacity of the battery 5 is in a depleted state at night, it is possible to continue driving the display device 7 by supplying power to the display device 7 while charging the battery 5. In addition, since the power charge is low at night, there is no problem even if the display device 7 is driven using the power supplied from the commercial AC power supply 50.
　もしバッテリ５の残容量が中間状態である場合は、制御部３２は、図４に示すように、第１スイッチＳＷ１及び第５スイッチＳＷ５をオフとし、第２スイッチＳＷ２、第３スイッチＳＷ３及び第４スイッチＳＷ４をオンとする。 If the remaining capacity of the battery 5 is in an intermediate state, the control unit 32 turns off the first switch SW1 and the fifth switch SW5, and the second switch SW2, the third switch SW3, and the second switch SW3 as shown in FIG. 4 Switch SW4 is turned on.
　これにより、商用交流電源５０から供給されて充電回路３１が出力する電力のうち、表示装置７の駆動に必要な電力はインバータ６へ供給され、残りの電力がバッテリ５に充電される。従って、夜間で且つバッテリ５の残容量が中間状態の場合に、バッテリ５を充電しつつ、表示装置７へ電力を供給して表示装置７の駆動を継続することができる。 Thus, of the electric power supplied from the commercial AC power supply 50 and output from the charging circuit 31, electric power necessary for driving the display device 7 is supplied to the inverter 6, and the remaining electric power is charged to the battery 5. Therefore, when the remaining capacity of the battery 5 is in an intermediate state at night, the display device 7 can be continuously driven by supplying power to the display device 7 while charging the battery 5.
　以上、本発明の一実施形態について説明したが、本発明の趣旨の範囲内であれば、実施形態は種々変形が可能である。 Although one embodiment of the present invention has been described above, the embodiment can be variously modified within the scope of the gist of the present invention.
　例えば、上述の実施形態では照度センサーは五つとしたが、一つであってもよいし、二つ以上としてもよい。 For example, in the above-described embodiment, the number of illuminance sensors is five, but may be one or two or more.
　また、ＰＭＵ３にＲＳ－４８５などのシリアルインタフェースを設けて、このシリアルインタフェースに外部のＰＣを接続し、ＰＭＵ３の制御部３２からＰＣへＰＭＵ３の動作状況を通知するようにしてもよい。動作状況とは、例えば各スイッチのオンオフ状態などが挙げられる。 Also, a serial interface such as RS-485 may be provided in the PMU 3, an external PC may be connected to the serial interface, and the operation status of the PMU 3 may be notified from the control unit 32 of the PMU 3 to the PC. The operation status includes, for example, the on / off state of each switch.
　また、上記実施例の昼間の動作において、バッテリ５の残容量がゼロに近い所定の閾値として１０％としたが、この値に限ることはない。また、上記実施例の夜間の動作において、バッテリ５の残容量の状態を判定する閾値として８０％と２０％としたが、これらの値に限ることはない。 In the daytime operation of the above embodiment, the remaining capacity of the battery 5 is set to 10% as a predetermined threshold value close to zero, but is not limited to this value. In the nighttime operation of the above embodiment, the threshold values for determining the state of the remaining capacity of the battery 5 are 80% and 20%. However, the threshold values are not limited to these values.
　また、夜間の動作において、一つのみの閾値を用いて満充電状態か枯渇状態であるかのみを判定して、スイッチ制御してもよい。 Also, during nighttime operation, only one threshold value may be used to determine whether the battery is fully charged or exhausted, and switch control may be performed.
　　　１　太陽電池
　　　２　ＡＣ／ＤＣコンバータ
　　　３　ＰＭＵ（電力管理装置）
　　　４　保護ユニット
　　　５　バッテリ
　　　６　インバータ
　　　７　表示装置
　　　８Ａ～８Ｅ　照度センサー
　　　３１　充電回路
　　　３２　制御部
　　　５０　商用交流電源
　　　１００　表示システム
　　　ＳＷ１　第１スイッチ
　　　ＳＷ２　第２スイッチ
　　　ＳＷ３　第３スイッチ
　　　ＳＷ４　第４スイッチ
　　　ＳＷ５　第５スイッチ DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Solar cell 2 AC / DC converter 3 PMU (power management apparatus)
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 4 Protection unit 5 Battery 6 Inverter 7 Display apparatus 8A-8E Illuminance sensor 31 Charging circuit 32 Control part 50 Commercial alternating current power supply 100 Display system SW1 1st switch SW2 2nd switch SW3 3rd switch SW4 4th switch SW5 5th switch

Claims (7)

  1. 　電力管理装置であって、
    　太陽電池から当該電力管理装置への電力供給または遮断を切替える第１スイッチと、
    　第１スイッチより後段に配され、蓄電池への電力供給または遮断を切替える第２スイッチと、
    　前記蓄電池からインバータへの電力供給または遮断を切替える第３スイッチと、
    　商用交流電源を直流に変換するＡＣ／ＤＣコンバータから当該電力管理装置への電力供給または遮断を切替える第４スイッチと、
    　前記ＡＣ／ＤＣコンバータから前記インバータへの電力供給または遮断を切替える第５スイッチと、
    　を備えることを特徴とする電力管理装置。     A power management device,
    A first switch for switching power supply or interruption from the solar cell to the power management device;
    A second switch arranged downstream of the first switch and for switching power supply to or shutoff from the storage battery;
    A third switch for switching power supply or interruption from the storage battery to the inverter;
    A fourth switch that switches power supply to or from the power management apparatus from an AC / DC converter that converts commercial AC power to DC;
    A fifth switch for switching power supply or interruption from the AC / DC converter to the inverter;
    A power management apparatus comprising:
  2. 　昼間であると判断すると、第１スイッチ、第２スイッチ及び第３スイッチをオンとし、第４スイッチをオフとする制御部を備えることを特徴とする請求項１に記載の電力管理装置。 2. The power management apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising a control unit that turns on the first switch, the second switch, and the third switch and turns off the fourth switch when it is determined that it is daytime.
  3. 　夜間であって且つ前記蓄電池の残容量が第１閾値より小さいと判断すると、第１スイッチ及び第３スイッチをオフとし、第２スイッチ、第４スイッチ及び第５スイッチをオンとし、
    　夜間であって且つ前記蓄電池の残容量が第１閾値以上である第２閾値以上であると判断すると、第１スイッチ、第４スイッチ及び第５スイッチをオフとし、第３スイッチをオンとする制御部を備えることを特徴とする請求項１に記載の電力管理装置。     When it is nighttime and the remaining capacity of the storage battery is determined to be smaller than the first threshold, the first switch and the third switch are turned off, the second switch, the fourth switch and the fifth switch are turned on,
    Control that turns off the first switch, the fourth switch, and the fifth switch and turns on the third switch when it is determined that the remaining capacity of the storage battery is greater than or equal to a second threshold that is greater than or equal to the first threshold at night The power management apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising a unit.
  4. 　夜間であって且つ前記蓄電池の残容量が第１閾値以上かつ第２閾値より小さいと判断すると、第１スイッチ、第５スイッチをオフとし、第２スイッチ、第３スイッチ及び第４スイッチをオンとすることを特徴とする請求項３に記載の電力管理装置。 When it is nighttime and the remaining capacity of the storage battery is determined to be greater than or equal to the first threshold and less than the second threshold, the first switch and the fifth switch are turned off, and the second switch, the third switch, and the fourth switch are turned on. The power management apparatus according to claim 3.
  5. 　前記制御部は、外光の照度を検出する照度検出部の検出情報に基づいて昼間であるか夜間であるかを判断することを特徴とする請求項２～４のいずれかに記載の電力管理装置。 5. The power management according to claim 2, wherein the control unit determines whether it is daytime or nighttime based on detection information of an illuminance detection unit that detects illuminance of external light. apparatus.
  6. 　請求項１に記載の電力管理装置と、前記ＡＣ／ＤＣコンバータと、前記蓄電池と、前記インバータと、を同一の筐体内部に備えることを特徴とする蓄電装置。 A power storage device comprising: the power management device according to claim 1; the AC / DC converter; the storage battery; and the inverter.
  7. 　請求項１に記載の電力管理装置と、前記太陽電池と、前記ＡＣ／ＤＣコンバータと、前記蓄電池と、前記インバータと、前記インバータに接続可能な表示装置と、を備えることを特徴とする表示システム。 A display system comprising: the power management apparatus according to claim 1; the solar battery; the AC / DC converter; the storage battery; the inverter; and a display device connectable to the inverter. .
PCT/JP2012/075447 2011-10-13 2012-10-02 Power management device, power storage device and display system WO2013054688A1 (en)

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US10326442B2 (en) 2015-12-29 2019-06-18 Lear Corporation Assembly having internally configurable solid-state switch arrangement for use as one or more disconnection switches in electrical systems and having external package common to the electrical systems

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