WO2013054064A1 - Procédé de traitement anticorrosion d'un substrat métallique solide et substrat métallique solide traité susceptible d'être obtenu par un tel procédé - Google Patents
Procédé de traitement anticorrosion d'un substrat métallique solide et substrat métallique solide traité susceptible d'être obtenu par un tel procédé Download PDFInfo
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- WO2013054064A1 WO2013054064A1 PCT/FR2012/052337 FR2012052337W WO2013054064A1 WO 2013054064 A1 WO2013054064 A1 WO 2013054064A1 FR 2012052337 W FR2012052337 W FR 2012052337W WO 2013054064 A1 WO2013054064 A1 WO 2013054064A1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23F—NON-MECHANICAL REMOVAL OF METALLIC MATERIAL FROM SURFACE; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL; MULTI-STEP PROCESSES FOR SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL INVOLVING AT LEAST ONE PROCESS PROVIDED FOR IN CLASS C23 AND AT LEAST ONE PROCESS COVERED BY SUBCLASS C21D OR C22F OR CLASS C25
- C23F11/00—Inhibiting corrosion of metallic material by applying inhibitors to the surface in danger of corrosion or adding them to the corrosive agent
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C22/00—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C22/05—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions
- C23C22/06—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6
- C23C22/48—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6 not containing phosphates, hexavalent chromium compounds, fluorides or complex fluorides, molybdates, tungstates, vanadates or oxalates
- C23C22/56—Treatment of aluminium or alloys based thereon
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C18/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating
- C23C18/02—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by thermal decomposition
- C23C18/04—Pretreatment of the material to be coated
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C18/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating
- C23C18/02—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by thermal decomposition
- C23C18/12—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by thermal decomposition characterised by the deposition of inorganic material other than metallic material
- C23C18/1204—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by thermal decomposition characterised by the deposition of inorganic material other than metallic material inorganic material, e.g. non-oxide and non-metallic such as sulfides, nitrides based compounds
- C23C18/1208—Oxides, e.g. ceramics
- C23C18/1216—Metal oxides
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C18/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating
- C23C18/02—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by thermal decomposition
- C23C18/12—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by thermal decomposition characterised by the deposition of inorganic material other than metallic material
- C23C18/1204—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by thermal decomposition characterised by the deposition of inorganic material other than metallic material inorganic material, e.g. non-oxide and non-metallic such as sulfides, nitrides based compounds
- C23C18/122—Inorganic polymers, e.g. silanes, polysilazanes, polysiloxanes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C22/00—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C22/82—After-treatment
- C23C22/83—Chemical after-treatment
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C2222/00—Aspects relating to chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive medium
- C23C2222/20—Use of solutions containing silanes
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for anticorrosion treatment of a solid metal substrate, in particular an aluminum or aluminum alloy substrate.
- the invention further relates to a corrosion-resistant solid metal substrate obtainable by such a method.
- Such an anticorrosion treatment method has applications in the general field of surface treatment of solid metal substrates, in particular metal parts.
- Such a method has its applications in the field of transport vehicles, including ships, motor vehicles and aircraft in which the problem of the fight against corrosion of metal parts arises.
- the invention aims to overcome the disadvantages mentioned above by proposing a method of anticorrosion treatment of a solid metal substrate that does not require the use of chromium derivatives-especially chromium VI- which is carcinogenic, mutagenic and reprotoxic. It is also known from “Zhong et al., (2010), Progress in Organic Coatings, 69, 52-56” a process for treating an aluminum alloy in which an aqueous-alcoholic solution of ⁇ -glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane is prepared. (GPTMS) and vinytriethoxysilane (VETO), then hydrolysis / condensation of said hydro-alcoholic solution is carried out so as to form a gel, then an amount of cerium nitrate is added to the gel formed.
- GTMS aqueous-alcoholic solution of ⁇ -glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane
- VETO vinytriethoxysilane
- the object of the invention is to provide an anticorrosive treatment method adapted to form a corrosion-resistant coating on the surface of a solid metal substrate which is of high mechanical strength.
- the invention also aims at providing such a corrosion treatment process which makes it possible to obtain a layer of anticorrosion coating with a controlled thickness, in particular between 1 ⁇ and 15 ⁇ , and compatible with industrial recommendations, particularly in the field. aeronautics.
- Another objective of the invention is to propose a method for the anticorrosion treatment of a solid metal substrate - particularly metallic parts for aeronautics - adapted to allow the formation of an anticorrosion coating of said solid metal substrate which is of thickness substantially homogeneous on the surface of the solid metal substrate, which is covering and which is also leveling.
- leveling it is meant that such a coating has a free outer surface-that is, opposed to the substrate-which is substantially planar regardless of the presence of structural defects on the surface of the underlying solid metal substrate.
- the invention aims to provide such a method adapted to allow the formation of an anticorrosion coating having no cracking at said structural defects.
- the invention also aims at such a method which is adapted to allow the formation of an anticorrosion layer which is resistant to cracking.
- the invention furthermore aims at such a method adapted to allow the formation of a surface anticorrosion coating of a solid metal substrate having at the same time passive protection properties - in particular, by barrier effect of said substrate vis-à- vis of an outside environment corrosive and protective active healing properties and limiting the progression of corrosion at an accidental puncture likely to affect the anticorrosive coating.
- the invention also aims at such an anticorrosion treatment method adapted to be applied on a polished solid metal substrate or on an unpolished solid metal substrate.
- the invention also aims to achieve all these objectives at a lower cost, by proposing a method which is simple and which requires for its implementation that steps of contacting a solid metal substrate and liquid solutions.
- the invention also aims and more particularly to provide such a method that is compatible with the constraints of safety and respect of the environment.
- the invention further aims to provide such a solution that preserves the work habits of staff, is easy to use, and imply for its implementation that little manipulation.
- the invention also aims at such an anticorrosion treatment method using a treatment solution that is simple in its composition compared to liquid treatment solutions of the state of the art.
- the invention therefore also relates to an anticorrosive coating having improved protective properties compared to anti-corrosion coatings of the state of the art, including anti-corrosion properties which are improved over time.
- the invention relates to an anticorrosive treatment method in which a solution, called a liquid treatment solution, is applied to an oxidizable surface of a solid metal substrate, comprising:
- Ce cerium
- treatment solution being adapted to form on the surface of the solid metal substrate, a matrix hybridization by hydrolysis / condensation of each alkoxysilane (s) and each cation of cerium (Ce);
- the treatment solution having a molar ratio (Si / Ce) of silicon element of the alkoxysilane (s) relative to the cerium (Ce) cation (s) of between 50 and 500, in particular between 80 and 250;
- the cation (s) of cerium (Ce) has a concentration of between 0.005 mol / L and 0.015 mol / L, in particular between 0.005 mol / L and 0.01 mol / L, preferably of the order of 0.010 mol / L- in the treatment solution.
- At least one alkoxysilane and at least one cerium (Ce) cation are mixed in a liquid aqueous-alcoholic solution under conditions suitable for allowing hydrolysis / condensation of said at least one alkoxysilane and said at least one cation. cerium (Ce), and applying said treatment solution to the oxidizable surface of a solid metal substrate so as to form on the surface of the solid metal substrate, a hybrid matrix by hydrolysis / condensation of each alkoxysilane (s) and each cation of cerium (Ce).
- each alkoxysilane (s) is carried out in the treatment solution in the presence of each cation (s) of cerium (Ce), said treatment solution having a ratio (Si / This molar element of silicon of (the) starting alkoxysilane (s) relative to the (x) cation (s) of cerium (Ce) starting between 50 and 500, in particular between 80 and 250.
- the inventors have observed that the selection of a concentration value of the cerium cations in the treatment solution does not constitute an arbitrary selection of concentration, but on the contrary that this selection provides a surprising result, totally unpredictable, not described in FIG. state of the art and according to which the selected concentration of the cerium (Ce) cation in the solution for the corrosion treatment of a solid metal substrate at the same time allows (1) to obtain optimal adhesion of the surface treatment solution of the solid metal substrate, (2) the formation of a hybrid matrix of passive protection of said solid metal substrate by barrier effect adapted to limit the formation of corrosion products of the solid metal substrate - in particular of a solid metal substrate having a puncture -, and (3) to form such a hybrid protection matrix having Physical resistance properties to mechanical stresses - including resistance to delamination, crack resistance, and plastic deformation and corrosion resistance - at 1 day, 7 days and 14 days corrosive treatment by immersion in a corrosive solution of 0.05 mol / L NaCl in water which are improved.
- Such properties of physical resistance to mechanical attack are evaluated in particular by techniques known in themselves to those skilled in the art, in particular by nanoindentation for the evaluation of Young's modulus of elasticity and hardness (for example, nano-hardness of Vickers) - or by progressive scratching ("nano-scratch”) for the evaluation of the adhesion and the resistance to delamination of the anticorrosion coating on the surface of the solid metal substrate.
- the cerium cation is a single cerium cation and the concentration of the single cerium cation in the treatment solution is between 0.005 mol / L and 0.015 mol / L, especially between 0.005 mol / L and 0.01 mol. / L, preferably of the order of 0.01 mol / l.
- the cerium cation is a composition comprising a plurality of distinct cerium cations and the cumulative concentration of the plurality of distinct cerium cations in the treatment solution is itself between 0.005 mole / L and 0.015 mole / L, in particular between 0.005 mol / L and 0.01 mol / L, preferably of the order of 0.01 mol / L.
- An anticorrosion coating according to the invention that is to say a coating obtained with a treatment solution comprising a concentration of cerium cation - in particular with Ce 111 - between 0.005 mol / L and 0.015 mol / L, presents: a critical value (Hv) of plastic deformation measured by nano-indentation which is maximum and of the order of 39 for a cerium concentration of 0.01 mol / l in the treatment solution;
- a concentration of cerium cation in the treatment solution of between 0.005 mol / l and 0.015 mol / l according to the invention gives the anticorrosion coating of a solid metal substrate a resistance towards corrosion which is optimal after deposition and before immersion in a corrosive solution.
- a concentration of cerium cation in the treatment solution of greater than 0.015 mol / L leads to a significant degradation of the barrier effect of the protective layer and a reduced resistance to corrosion before immersion in a corrosive solution.
- the surface resistance in a corrosive medium of such a protective layer of 6.3 ⁇ thick, obtained by an anticorrosion treatment of a solid metal substrate with a treatment solution containing 0.05 mol / l of cerium cation, and immediately after immersion of said metal substrate in the corrosive medium is of the order of 2.8 ⁇ 10 6 ⁇ . ⁇ 2 .
- the surface resistance in corrosive medium of such a protective layer of 6.3 ⁇ thick, obtained by an anticorrosion treatment of a solid metal substrate with a treatment solution containing 0.1 mol / l of cerium cation, and immediately after immersion of said metal substrate in the corrosive medium is of the order of 2.0 ⁇ 10 5 n.cm 2 as measured by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS).
- a concentration of cerium cation in the treatment solution of between 0.005 mol / l and 0.015 mol / l according to the invention allows:
- Ce in / Ce IV distribution is measured by surface X-ray photoelectron spectrometry (XPS).
- the inventors have observed that such a concentration of cerium cations of between 0.005 mole / L and 0.015 mole / L in the treatment solution is adapted to at least preserve the mechanical properties of the hybrid matrix obtained from the solution. process for imparting to the treatment solution rheological and surface adherence properties of the solid metal substrate which are improved over a treatment solution not having such a concentration, while imparting to said hybrid matrix passive protection of the solid metal substrate by barrier effect.
- each alkoxysilane is selected from the group formed:
- a hydrocarbon group in particular methyl or ethyl, of formula [-C n H 2n + 1 ], n being an integer greater than or equal to 1,
- acyl group of general formula -CO-R ' wherein R i' ⁇ is a hydrocarbon group-in particular methyl, ethyl of the formula [C n H 2n + 1], n being an integer greater than or equal to 1, and;
- alkoxysilanes of the following general formula (II):
- o R 2 is chosen from the group formed:
- a hydrocarbon group in particular methyl, an ethyl of formula [-C n H 2n + 1 ], n being an integer greater than or equal to 1,
- acyl group of general formula -CO-R 'i wherein R' is a hydrocarbon group ⁇ -in particular methyl, ethyl of the formula [C n H 2n + 1], n being an integer greater than or equal to 1, and;
- R 3 is an organic group, in particular an organic group consisting of carbon atom (s), hydrogen atom (s) and, if appropriate, nitrogen atom (s), atom (s), ) oxygen and optionally sulfur atom (s) and phosphorus atom (s) bonded to the silicon (Si) element of the alkoxysilane via an Si-C bond;
- o a is a natural integer of the interval] 0; 4 [, preferably equal to 1-.
- each alkoxysilane is selected from the group consisting of tetraethoxysilane (TEOS), tetramethoxysilane (TMOS), tetraacetoxysilane (TAOS) and tetra-2-hydroxyethoxysilane (THEOS). .
- TEOS tetraethoxysilane
- TMOS tetramethoxysilane
- TAOS tetraacetoxysilane
- TEEOS tetra-2-hydroxyethoxysilane
- the R 3 group of each alkoxysilane is selected from the group consisting of methacrylates, acrylates, vinyls, epoxyalkyls and epoxyalkoxyalkyls in which the group (s) ( s) alkyl has from 1 to 10 carbon atoms and is (are) selected from linear alkyl groups, branched alkyl groups and cyclic alkyl groups.
- the R 3 group of each alkoxysilane is selected from the group consisting of 3,4-epoxycyclohexylethyl and glycidoxypropyl.
- each alkoxysilane is selected from the group consisting of glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane (GPTMS), glycidoxypropylmethyldimethoxysilane (MDMS), glycidoxypropylmethyldiethoxysilane (MDES) of glycidoxypropyltriethoxysilane (GPTES), methyltriethoxysilane (MTES), dimethyldiethoxysilane (DMDES), methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane (MAP).
- GTMS glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane
- MDMS glycidoxypropylmethyldimethoxysilane
- MDES glycidoxypropylmethyldiethoxysilane
- GPTES glycidoxypropyltriethoxysilane
- MTES methyltriethoxysilane
- DMDES dimethyldiethoxysilane
- MAP methacryloxypropyltrime
- an organic / inorganic hybrid matrix is formed by hydrolyzing the condensation of each alkoxysilane.
- the treatment solution comprises a single alkoxysilane.
- the treatment solution comprises at least one metal alkoxide.
- each metal alkoxide has the following general formula (VII):
- M ' is a metal element selected from the group consisting of aluminum (Ai), vanadium (V), titanium (Ti) and zirconium (Zr),
- R 9 is an aliphatic hydrocarbon group of formula [-C n H 2n + i] -particularly selected from the group consisting of a methyl, an ethyl, a propyl, a butyl, in particular a secondary butyl of formula [CH 3 CH 2 - (CH 3 ) CH -] - wherein n is an integer greater than or equal to 1, and;
- o n is a natural integer representing the valence of the metal element M '.
- each reactive species homogeneously distributed in the treatment solution and able to polymerize and form an organic / inorganic hybrid matrix are formed by hydrolysis of each alkoxysilane and each metal alkoxide.
- An organic / inorganic hybrid matrix is thus formed by condensation hydrolysis of each alkoxysilane and each metal alkoxide.
- each metal alkoxide is selected from the group consisting of aluminum alkoxides - especially aluminum tri (s-butoxide), aluminum tri (n-butoxide), aluminum tri (ethoxide), aluminum, aluminum tri (ethoxyethoxyethoxide) and aluminum tri (wopropoxide), titanium alkoxides -including titanium tetra (n-butoxide), titanium tetra (wobutoxide), titanium tetra (wopropoxide), titanium tetra (methoxide) and titanium tetra (ethoxide), vanadium alkoxides, especially vanadium trioxide (we> butoxide) and tri (wopropoxide) vanadium oxide and zirconium alkoxides - especially zirconium tetra (ethoxide), zirconium tetra (wopropoxide), zirconium tetra (n-propoxide), zirconium tetra (n-butoxide) and
- each metal alkoxide is an aluminum alkoxide of the following general formula (III):
- o Ai and O are respectively the elements aluminum and oxygen, and;
- R 4 is an aliphatic hydrocarbon group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, in particular selected from the group consisting of a methyl, an ethyl, a propyl, a butyl, in particular a secondary butyl of formula [CH 3 -CH 2 (CH 3 ) -CH -] -;
- o n is a natural integer representing the valence of the aluminum element (Ai).
- the treatment solution comprises a single metal alkoxide.
- An inorganic hybrid matrix is thus formed by condensation hydrolysis of each alkoxysilane and the single metal alkoxide.
- the treatment solution comprises a single metal alkoxide and a single alkoxysilane.
- An inorganic hybrid matrix is thus formed by hydrolyzing condensation of the single alkoxysilane and the single metal alkoxide.
- the treatment solution comprises, as a single metal alkoxide, a single aluminum alkoxide.
- a treatment solution comprising a metal alkoxide, especially a single aluminum alkoxide and a single alkoxysilane, said treatment solution being of great simplicity in its composition and still suitable for providing a high performance anticorrosive coating.
- the single aluminum alkoxide is chosen from the group formed of aluminum tri (s-butoxide), aluminum tri (n-butoxide), aluminum tri (ethoxide) and tri (ethoxyethoxyethoxide). aluminum and aluminum tri (wopropoxide).
- the molar ratio of the alkoxysilanes with respect to the metal alkoxides in the treatment solution is between 99/1 and 50/50.
- the molar ratio of all the alkoxysilanes relative to the total of metal alkoxides in the treatment solution is between 99/1 and 50/50.
- the molar ratio of alkoxysilanes and metal alkoxides-in particular of aluminum alkoxide- in the treatment solution is between 85/15 and 6/4 in particular between 8/2 and 64/36.
- the molar ratio of all the alkoxysilanes relative to the total of metal alkoxides in the treatment solution is between 8/2 and 6/4.
- the solid metal substrate is formed of a material chosen from the group consisting of oxidizable materials-in particular aluminum (for example alloy 2024T3), titanium (for example alloy TA6V) , magnesium (for example, the AZ30 alloy) and their alloys.
- aluminum for example alloy 2024T3
- titanium for example alloy TA6V
- magnesium for example, the AZ30 alloy
- the treatment solution is applied by soaking / removal of the solid metal substrate in said treatment solution.
- the solid metal substrate is removed from the treatment solution with a predetermined speed of between 5 cm / min and 10 cm / min.
- the atmospheric spray treatment solution is applied to the surface of the solid metal substrate.
- the inventors have observed that it is possible to control the thickness of the hybrid matrix by the rate of removal of the solid metal substrate from the treatment solution.
- a known viscosity treatment solution it is possible for a known viscosity treatment solution to vary the thickness of the hybrid anti-corrosion matrix with a value of 1 ⁇ for a withdrawal speed of 1 cm / min, up to a value of 14 ⁇ for a withdrawal speed of 20 cm / min.
- a withdrawal rate of 7 cm / min makes it possible to obtain a hybrid matrix with a thickness of 5 ⁇ .
- the thickness of the hybrid matrix is measured by methods known in themselves to those skilled in the art, in particular by interferometric profilometry or by measurement of induced eddy currents.
- the treatment solution further comprises a plasticizer selected from the group consisting of PEG.
- the liquid treatment solution comprises a dye.
- a dye is selected from the group consisting of rhodamine B (CAS 81-88-9), malachite green ("brilliant green", CAS 633-03-4) and xylene cyanole (CAS 2850-17-1). ).
- Rhodamine B is used at a concentration in the liquid treatment solution between 5.10 -4 mol / L and 10 "3 mol / L, malachite green at a concentration in the liquid treatment solution between 5.10 -4 mol / L and 10 "3 mol / L and xylene cyanole at a concentration in the liquid treatment solution between 5x10" 4 mol / L and 10 "3 mol / L.
- the treatment solution comprises a nanoparticle feedstock formed of a colloidal dispersion of boehmite in the treatment solution, that is to say solid nanoparticles of boehmite of general formula [-A10 (OH) -] forming a colloidal dispersion of boehmite nanoparticles in the treatment solution.
- an alcoholic solution is added alkoxysilane (s) and the (the) alkoxide (s) metal (s) and an amount of water or, if appropriate, an amount of an aqueous solution containing at least one lanthanide cation and / or nanoparticles of colloidal boehmite so as to substantially retain the rheological and thixotropic properties of the treatment solution.
- a treatment solution comprising boehmite nanoparticles of general formula AIO (OH) and having a surface distribution of lanthanide cations -including cerium- and / or vanadate cations.
- boehmite nanoparticles called physisorbed boehmite nanoparticles, are obtained by a process known in itself to those skilled in the art and in particular adapted from a process described by Yoldas (Yoldas BE et al., (1975), J. Mater, Sri, 10, 1856).
- the inventors have observed an improvement in the corrosion resistance of a solid metal substrate treated with a treatment solution subjected to immersion in a corrosive bath of NaCl at 0. 05 mole / L.
- a treatment solution comprising boehmite nanoparticles, called doped boehmite, of general formula (VIII) below:
- X is an element, referred to as a doping element, selected from the group consisting of trivalent lanthanides, in particular trivalent cerium, and;
- x is a relative number between 0.002 and 0.01.
- Such doped boehmite nanoparticles are obtained by a process in which a solution of at least one aluminum precursor - especially A £ (OC 4 H 9 ) 3 - in water and a solution of a cation is mixed.
- a doping element selected from the group consisting of a nitrate, a sulfate, an acetate and a chloride of the doping element.
- the inventors have found an improvement in the corrosion resistance of a solid metal substrate treated with a treatment solution subjected to immersion in a corrosive bath of NaCl at 0, 05 mole / L.
- the physisorbed boehmite nanoparticles and the doped boehmite nanoparticles have a larger dimension and two smaller dimensions, perpendicular to each other and perpendicular to said larger dimension, said larger dimension is less than 200 nm. -In particular less than 100 nm, particularly less than 50 nm, preferably between 5 nm and 20 nm-, and the two smaller dimensions are less than 10 nm, preferably of the order of 3 nm.
- the treatment solution comprises a charge of hollow boehmite nanoparticles.
- a heat treatment of the metal substrate adapted to allow the formation of the hybrid matrix and the evaporation of the solvents is carried out.
- said oxidizable surface of the solid metal substrate is immersed in a so-called conversion solution solution, a liquid formed of at least one corrosion inhibitor in water said corrosion inhibitor being selected from the group consisting of lanthanide cations and said oxidizable surface of the solid metal substrate is held in contact with the conversion solution for a period of time suitable to form a conversion layer formed from said bound lanthanide by at least one covalent bond to the oxidizable surface and extending at the surface of the solid metal substrate.
- a conversion layer is first formed on the oxidizable surface of a solid metal substrate by contacting said oxidizable surface with the conversion solution.
- a treatment with such a conversion solution constitutes an anticorrosion treatment in that it allows the formation of a surface conversion layer of the solid metal substrate, instead of a metal oxide layer of the solid metal substrate.
- said conversion layer exhibiting a resistance to corrosion - in particular measured by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) - which is increased with respect to the corrosion resistance of the coating layer. oxide formed naturally on the surface of the solid metal substrate.
- an anticorrosion treatment according to the invention in which a layer of surface conversion of a solid metal substrate, then a treatment solution comprising at least one alkoxysilane, a cerium cation at a concentration of between 0.005 mol / L and 0.015 mol / L, and, where appropriate, at least one metal alkoxide, makes it possible to increase the resistance to corrosion of the oxidizable surface of a solid metal substrate, even after immersion of the oxidizable surface of the solid metal substrate for a predetermined period of time -particularly a duration greater than 1 hour- in a bath of corrosion, including an aqueous bath of NaCI 0.05 mol / L.
- Such a conversion layer is characterized, according to a representation, called "Nyquist" representation, of the electrochemical impedance diagram by a value ⁇ '( ⁇ ) of surface resistance ( ⁇ . ⁇ 2 ) increased compared with the value ⁇ ' ( ⁇ ) the surface resistance of a solid metal oxide layer naturally formed on the surface of a solid metal substrate.
- the impedance measurements ⁇ ( ⁇ ) are made in potentiostatic mode around the free potential, with a sinusoidal disturbance.
- the amplitude of sinusoidal disturbance is set at 10 mV in order to satisfy the linearity conditions.
- the frequencies scanned during impedance measurements are between 65 kHz and 10 mHz with 10 points per decade.
- EDS Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy
- the conversion layer extending on the surface of the solid metal substrate has a mean thickness of between 1 nm and 200 nm.
- the inventors have observed that increasing the immersion time of a solid metal substrate in a conversion solution according to the invention makes it possible to increase the value of the surface area resistance which goes beyond the limit value of the surface resistance of the layer of aluminum oxide formed naturally on the surface of a piece of alloy of aluminum.
- the treatment of the oxidizable surface of the solid metal substrate by the conversion solution allows the formation of an active protection conversion and healing layer on the surface of the solid metal substrate by formation of a plurality of covalent bonds occurring between the lanthanide element (Ln) corrosion inhibitor and a metal element (M) of the solid metal substrate.
- Ln lanthanide element
- M metal element
- the inventors have shown by chemical analysis of the binding energies - in particular by X-ray photoelectron spectrometry (XPS) - that this covalent bond is of the MO-Ln-O- type in which M represents a metallic element of the solid metal substrate, O is an oxygen atom and Ln represents the corrosion inhibiting element chosen from lanthanides.
- a treatment solution formed of an organic / inorganic hybrid soil of at least one alkoxysilane is applied to the oxidizable surface of the solid metal substrate, and optionally to the surface of the conversion layer.
- the inventors have observed that immersing a solid metal substrate in a conversion solution allows not only the formation of such a conversion layer and the active protection of the solid metal substrate against corrosion, but also allows an improvement of the adhesion of a hybrid soil surface of the solid metal substrate and an improvement of passive protection properties of said solid metal substrate against corrosion.
- each corrosion inhibitor of the conversion solution is selected from the group consisting of lanthanum (La) cations, cerium (Ce) cations, praseodymium (Pr) cations, neodymium cations. (Nd), samarium (Sm) cations, europium (Eu) cations, gadolinium (Gd) cations, terbium (Tb) cations, dysprosium (Dy) cations, holmium cations (Ho), erbium (Er) cations, thulium (Tm) cations, ytterbium (Yb) cations, and lutetium (Lu) cations.
- La lanthanum
- Ce cerium
- Pr praseodymium
- Nd samarium
- Eu europium
- Gd gadolinium
- Tb terbium
- Dy dysprosium
- Ho holmium cations
- each corrosion inhibitor of the conversion solution is chosen from the group formed by lanthanide chlorides, lanthanide nitrates, lanthanide acetates and lanthanide sulfates.
- each corrosion inhibitor of the conversion solution is selected from the group consisting of lanthanum chloride (LaC 3 ), cerium chloride (CeC 3 ), yttrium chloride (YCt 3 ), sodium sulfate and the like.
- each corrosion inhibitor of the conversion solution is a cerium cation-notably cerium nitrate (Ce (NO 3 ) 3 ), cerium acetate (Ce (CH 3 COO) 3 ) cerium sulphate (Ce 2 (SO 4 ) 3 ) and cerium chloride (CeC 3 ) - in which the cerium element is of valence III (Ce 111 ).
- the cerium cation (Ce) of the treatment solution is chosen from the group formed by cerium chlorides and cerium nitrates.
- the corrosion inhibitor of the conversion solution is cerium nitrate Ce (NO 3 ) 3 .
- the inventors have shown that the conversion layer consists of mixed oxides of cerium and the constituent metal of the oxidizable surface of the solid metal substrate. Chemical analysis by Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (EDS) shows La and Ma lines characteristic of cerium bound by covalent liasons on the surface of the solid metal substrate.
- EDS Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy
- an anticorrosion treatment method makes it possible to form an anticorrosion coating formed of a conversion layer comprising at least one corrosion inhibitor and adapted to allow self-healing of the solid metal substrate, said conversion layer being it is protected by the cerium-rich hybrid matrix with an optimal barrier effect.
- the conversion solution has a concentration of corrosion inhibitor - in particular cerium (Ce) - of between 0.001 mol / l and 0.5 mol / l, in particular between 0.05 mol / l and 0, 3 mol / L, in particular of the order of 0.1 mol / L.
- the conversion solution has a concentration of corrosion inhibitor - in particular cerium (Ce) - of between 0.01 mole / L and 0.5 mole / L, preferably between 0.1 mole / L and 0.5 mol / L.
- the oxidizable surface of the solid metal substrate is maintained in contact with the conversion solution for a predetermined period of between 1 s and 30 min, in particular between 1 s and 300 s, preferably between 1 s and 15 s, in particular between 1 s and 10 s, more preferably between 1 s and 3 s.
- the solid metal substrate is dried at a predetermined temperature of less than 100 ° C., in particular of the order of 50 ° C. in order to form on the surface of the solid metal substrate, a layer, referred to as the conversion layer, of the corrosion inhibitor element Ln (lanthanide) bonded to a metal element M of the solid metal substrate by a bond of the MO-Ln type. O-.
- the conversion solution has a pH substantially of the order of 4.
- the pH of the conversion solution is adjusted by addition of a mineral acid - in particular nitric acid - to the conversion solution.
- the inventors have observed that a method of anticorrosion treatment of a solid metal substrate in two stages according to the invention not only allows an active protection, in particular by healing, of the solid metal substrate with respect to corrosion but also provides passive protection against said corrosion.
- the liquid hydroalcoholic composition is formed of water and at least one alcohol -notamment selected from the group consisting of ethanol, propanol-1 and propanol-2-.
- the inventors have observed that a method of anticorrosion treatment of a solid metal substrate in two stages according to the invention not only allows active protection, in particular by scarring, of the metal substrate which is solid with respect to corrosion but also makes it possible to provide passive protection against said corrosion.
- the conversion solution has a pH substantially of the order of 4.
- the pH of the conversion solution is adjusted by addition of a mineral acid - in particular nitric acid - to the conversion solution.
- the doped and / or physisorbed boehmite nanoparticles have a larger dimension and two smaller dimensions, perpendicular to each other and perpendicular to said larger dimension, said larger dimension is less than 200 nm, in particular less than 100 nm, particularly less than 50 nm, preferably between 5 nm and 20 nm-, and the two smaller dimensions are less than 10 nm, preferably of the order of 3 nm.
- the treatment solution comprises a charge of hollow boehmite nanoparticles.
- the invention also relates to an anticorrosion coating that can be obtained by a process according to the invention.
- the invention also extends to an anticorrosion coating of a solid metal substrate formed of a hybrid matrix extending on the surface of the solid metal substrate and obtained by hydrolysis / condensation of at least one alkoxysilane;
- said hybrid matrix having a molar ratio (Si / Ce) of silicon element of the alkoxysilane (s) with respect to at least one cerium (Ce) cation of between 50 and 500, in particular between 80 and 250.
- This Ce / Si ratio is determined by methods known in themselves to those skilled in the art, in particular by RBS (Rutherford Backscattering Spectrometry) analysis of the elastic diffusion of the ions of an incident ion beam adapted to be able to measure the amount of a heavy element in a light hybrid matrix.
- RBS Rutherford Backscattering Spectrometry
- the invention extends in particular to an anticorrosive coating in which the hybrid matrix extends in contact with a substrate solid metal obtained by hydrolysis / condensation of at least one alkoxysilane and, where appropriate, at least one metal alkoxide and comprising:
- ⁇ O is the oxygen element
- ⁇ A and B are selected independently of one another from the group consisting of Si and M ', and;
- ⁇ D and E are independently selected from each other from the group consisting of Si, M ', and Ce, and;
- R 10 is a hydrocarbon group.
- the anticorrosive coating has a thickness of between 1 ⁇ and 15 ⁇ .
- the hybrid matrix of the anticorrosive coating is formed of a composite material comprising a hybrid xerogel-in particular an organic / inorganic hybrid xerogel-and a physisorbed boehmite nanoparticle filler dispersed in the hybrid xerogel;
- the hybrid matrix of the anticorrosive coating is formed of a composite material comprising a hybrid xerogel-in particular an organic / inorganic hybrid xerogel-and a doped boehmite nanoparticle feed of general formula (VIII):
- o X is an element, called doping element, selected from the group consisting of trivalent lanthanides, especially trivalent cerium, and;
- ox is a relative number between 0.002 and 0.01; said filler being dispersed in the hybrid xerogel;
- the hybrid matrix of the anticorrosive coating is formed of a composite material comprising a hybrid xerogel-in particular an organic / inorganic hybrid xerogel-and a charge of hollow boehmite nanoparticles dispersed in the hybrid xerogel;
- the solid nanoparticles of the charge of physisorbed boehmite nanoparticles and the charge of doped boehmite nanoparticles having a larger dimension and two smaller dimensions, perpendicular to each other and perpendicular to said larger dimension, the largest dimension is smaller than 200 nm -in particular less than 100 nm, particularly less than 50 nm, preferably between 5 nm and 20 nm-, and the two smaller dimensions are less than 10 nm, preferably of the order of 3 nm;
- the solid nanoparticles of the charge of hollow boehmite nanoparticles are of substantially spherical shape and have a mean diameter of the order of 30 nm.
- the conversion layer of the anticorrosion coating has a thickness of between 1 nm and 200 nm.
- the invention also extends to a metal surface coated with an anticorrosion coating obtained by a method according to the invention.
- the invention also relates to a process characterized in combination by all or some of the characteristics mentioned above or below.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic representation out of proportion of a variant of an anticorrosion coating according to the invention.
- FIG. 2 is a scanning electron microscope (SEM) view of a cross-section of an anticorrosion coating of a solid metal substrate obtained by a method according to the invention
- FIG. 3 is a comparative graphical representation of the evolution of the surface resistance with respect to the corrosion of a solid metal substrate treated according to two variants of a process according to the invention
- FIG. 4 is a graphical representation of the surface resistance ( ⁇ . ⁇ 2 ) of an anticorrosion coating as a function of the concentration of cerium in the treatment solution;
- FIG. 5 is a graphical representation of the Vickers nano-hardness of an anticorrosive coating as a function of the cerium concentration in the treatment solution;
- FIG. 6 is a graphical representation of the variation of the Young's modulus value, in GPa, determined by nano-indentation measurements
- FIG. 7 is a graphical representation of the value of the critical load (mN) of delamination (o), cracking (A) and plastic deformation ( ⁇ ), determined by nano-nano-scratch, of an anticorrosive coating; depending on the concentration of cerium in the treatment solution;
- FIG. 8 is a Nyquist representation of the electrochemical impedance of a treated (o) or untreated solid metal substrate (A) with a conversion solution;
- FIG. 9 is a spectrum of chemical surface analysis by electron dispersion spectroscopy ("Energy Dispersion Spectroscopy” (EDS)) of a solid metal substrate treated with a conversion solution according to the invention.
- EDS electron dispersion Spectroscopy
- An anticorrosion coating 1 according to the invention shown in FIG. 1 is supported on a metal substrate 2 formed of metallic elements M.
- Such an anticorrosive coating is formed of an optional conversion layer 3 in which corrosion inhibiting elements Ln are linked by MO-Ln- covalent bonds to metallic elements M of the metal substrate 2.
- conversion layer corrosion inhibitor elements Ln form covalent bonds with Si elements and, where appropriate, metal elements M 'chosen from the group consisting of aluminum (Ai), vanadium (V ) titanium (Ti) and zirconium (Zr) and the cerium element (Ce) of the hybrid matrix 4 extending on the surface of the conversion layer 3.
- FIG. 2 represents a scanning electron microscopy (SEM) section of an aluminum substrate 2 treated with an alternative of a method according to the invention and comprising a conversion layer (optional) extending to interface between the aluminum substrate 2 and the hybrid matrix 4.
- SEM scanning electron microscopy
- a preparative surface treatment of a piece of rolled 2024 T3 aluminum alloy is first carried out.
- Such a preparative treatment aims to eliminate from the surface of the solid metal substrate any trace of oxidation of the alloy or of staining which may hinder the homogeneous application of the conversion solution and the treatment solution on the surface of the substrate during its deposition ("dip-coating", "spray") and the anchoring of the hybrid anti-corrosion matrix obtained at the surface of the substrate.
- the preparative treatment comprises a first step of degreasing the surface of the solid metal substrate during which the surface of said substrate is placed in contact with a degreasing solvent.
- This degreasing step is carried out by methods known in themselves to those skilled in the art, in particular by soaking the surface of the substrate in the degreasing solvent or by spraying said surface with the degreasing solvent.
- the degreasing solvent may be stabilized pure methylene chloride (marketed under the trademark Methoklone) or pure acetone.
- this degreasing step is carried out at a temperature below 42 ° C. and for a duration of between 5 seconds and 3 minutes. It is possible to subject the solid metal substrate to ultrasonic treatment during this first degreasing step.
- the preparative treatment of the solid metal substrate comprises a second successive step of degreasing the surface of said substrate in which the surface of the substrate is placed in contact with an alkaline preparation, in particular sold under the trademark TURCO 4215 (HENKEL, Boulogne-Billancourt, France ).
- This alkaline degreasing step is carried out by methods known in themselves to those skilled in the art, in particular by soaking the surface of the substrate in the alkaline preparation or by spraying said surface with said preparation for a period of between 10 minutes and 30 min.
- this alkaline degreasing step is carried out at a temperature of between 50 ° C. and 70 ° C. It is possible to subject the substrate to an ultrasonic treatment during this second degreasing step with an alkaline solution.
- the preparative treatment according to the invention comprises a third successive step of pickling the surface of the substrate in which the surface of the substrate is placed in contact with an alkaline preparation, in particular an aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide at a concentration of between 30.degree. g / L at 70 g / L.
- This alkaline pickling step is carried out by methods known in themselves to those skilled in the art, in particular by soaking the surface of the substrate in the concentrated alkaline preparation or by spraying said surface with said concentrated alkaline preparation for a period of time between 10 sec and 3 min.
- this alkaline pickling step is carried out at a temperature of between 20 ° C. and 50 ° C. It is possible to subject the solid metal substrate to ultrasonic treatment during this second etching step with a concentrated alkaline solution.
- the preparative treatment according to the invention comprises a fourth successive stage of dissolution of the oxide layer extending over the surface of the solid metal substrate in which the surface of said substrate is placed in contact with an acid preparation, for example TURCO LIQUID Smut-Go NC (HENKEL, Boulogne-Billancourt, France) or ARDROX 295 GD (Chemetal GmbH, Frankfurt, Germany) .
- an acid preparation for example TURCO LIQUID Smut-Go NC (HENKEL, Boulogne-Billancourt, France) or ARDROX 295 GD (Chemetal GmbH, Frankfurt, Germany) .
- This dissolution step is carried out for a period of between 1 min and 10 min at a temperature of between 10 ° C. and 50 ° C. with an aqueous solution comprising between 15% (v / v) and 25% (v / v) of TURCO LIQUID Smut-Go NC.
- this dissolution step is carried out for a period of between 1 min and 10 min at a temperature of between 10 ° C. and 30 ° C. with an aqueous solution comprising between 15% (v / v) and 30% (v / v).
- aqueous solution comprising between 15% (v / v) and 30% (v / v).
- the surface of the solid metal substrate is adapted to be treated according to an anticorrosion treatment according to the invention.
- a step of forming a surface conversion layer of the solid metal substrate is carried out.
- a piece of aluminum (Ai 2024-T3) is immersed by "dip-coating" in an aqueous conversion solution containing a concentration of between 0.001 mol / l and 0.5 mol / l of Ce (NO 3 ) 3 , the pH is adjusted to a value of 4 by adding nitric acid. After immersion and shrinkage, the aluminum piece is dried for 10 minutes at 50 ° C. At the end of this treatment with the conversion solution, no weight gain of said aluminum piece is measured.
- a treatment solution is prepared according to the following four steps:
- An aqueous solution of cerium (III) (Ce (NO 3 ) 3 ) at a concentration of between 0.02 mol / l and 0.5 mol / l is also prepared, and a volume of this aqueous solution of cerium is added to the solution.
- precursor ASB / GPTMS
- the epoxy sol obtained is stirred for a period of time necessary for a thermal decline to ambient temperature.
- the final concentration of cerium in the epoxy sol is 0.01 mol / L.
- the epoxy sol is deposited on an aluminum substrate Ai 2024-T3 pretreated as described above by dipping / removing the substrate in said epoxy sol.
- the withdrawal speed is 20 cm / min.
- the coated solid metal substrate is heated to a temperature between 95 ° C and 180 ° C in particular 110 ° C. for a period of between 1 hour and 5 hours, in particular 3 hours.
- the formation of a hybrid matrix with a thickness of 6 ⁇ is observed at the surface of the solid metal substrate having a salt spray resistance time of between 96 and 800 hours.
- TEOS tetraethoxysilane
- MAP methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane
- the pH of the sol obtained is 4.5 and its viscosity is 3 mPa.s.
- Such a colloidal dispersion of surface-functionalized (so-called physisorbed) boehmite nanoparticles is produced in two steps, described below, in which a colloidal solution of boehmite nanoparticles is first formed, and then said boehmite nanoparticles are functionalized with an inhibitor of corrosion.
- such an aluminum tri (s-butoxide) solution is placed at a concentration of 0.475 mol / l (-117 g / l) in water at a temperature of 80 ° C. for duration of 15 min.
- a step is then carried out, called the peptization stage, during which triflutoxide is added to the hydrolysis solution in a volume of between 1.4 ml and 2.8 ml of a 68% nitric acid solution. .
- the mixture is placed at 85 ° C. in an oil bath for a period of 24 hours.
- a colloidal dispersion of oxyhydroxide is obtained aluminum (boehmite) in the water.
- the concentration of nitric acid in the colloidal dispersion is between 0.033 mole / L and 0.066 mole / L.
- Other inorganic or organic acids may be used during this peptization step, in particular hydrochloric acid and acetic acid.
- a transparent and stable colloidal substrate having, by X-ray diffraction, the characteristic lines of boehmite as described in JCPDS sheet 21-1307 is obtained.
- a non-ionic surfactant especially a non-surfactant
- ionic material chosen from Pluronic® P-123, Pluronic® F 127 (BASF, Mount Olive, New Jersey, USA), Brij 58 and Brij 52 in a final mass proportion of between 1% and 5%.
- An amount of a corrosion inhibitor in particular cerium (III) nitrate (Ce (NO 3 ) 3 ) or sodium vanadate, is then added to a final concentration of between 0.001 mol / l and 0.5 mol / ml. L.
- This preparation is stirred at room temperature for a period of 6 hours.
- Such a preparation present in infrared spectroscopy using the diffuse reflection technique DRIFT ("Diffuse Reflectance Infra-red Fourier Transform") vibration bands at 1460 cm -1 and 1345 cm -1 characteristic of the coordination of cerium nitrate ions.
- DRIFT diffuse Reflectance Infra-red Fourier Transform
- Such a colloidal dispersion of boehmite nanoparticles doped in two steps described below is carried out in which (C 1) the hydrolysis / condensation of a precursor - in particular an aluminum alkoxide and a corrosion inhibitor - is carried out.
- a step (C2) called a step of peptization, acid treatment in order to form doped boehmite nanoparticles.
- the concentration of nitric acid in the acidified mixture is between 0.033 mol / L and 0.066 mol / L.
- a transparent and stable colloidal sol having, by X-ray diffraction, the characteristic lines of boehmite as described in JCPDS sheet 21-1307 is obtained.
- Such hollow aluminum oxyhydroxide nanoparticles containing the corrosion inhibitor are produced by formation of an inverse microemulsion (Daniel H., et al (2007), Nano Lett., 7, 11, 3489-3492) and encapsulation. simultaneous corrosion inhibitor.
- An apolar phase is prepared by mixing an alcohol, in particular hexanol, an alkane, especially dodecane, and a surfactant, especially hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB).
- CTAB hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide
- a polar phase comprising water, an alcohol - in particular methanol - and a corrosion inhibitor - in particular cerium nitrate -.
- the polar phase and the apolar phase are mixed and this mixture is stirred for 30 minutes to form a reverse microemulsion of water in the apolar phase.
- a solution of an aluminum alkoxide - especially aluminum tri (t-butoxide) (ASB) in a volume of the alkane - especially dodecane - is prepared.
- the aluminum alkoxide solution is introduced with stirring into the inverse microemulsion.
- the mixture is allowed to stand for 12 hours.
- a pellet containing hollow nanoparticles of aluminum oxyhydroxide is centrifuged off. After washing this pellet with diethylene glycol, a hollow aluminum oxyhydroxide nanoparticle powder containing the corrosion inhibitor is obtained.
- Such a colloidal anticorrosive treatment dispersion is prepared by mixing an amount of a treatment solution (hybrid sol) as prepared in (A) with an amount of colloidal dispersion of physisorbed boehmite nanoparticles as prepared in B) and / or an amount of a colloidal dispersion of doped boehmite nanoparticles as prepared in (C) and / or an amount of a dispersion of hollow boehmite nanoparticles.
- the concentration of aluminum and silicon in the colloidal anti-corrosion treatment dispersion is between 1.66 mol / l and 2 mol / l.
- the aluminum concentration provided by the colloidal dispersion of surface-functionalized boehmite nanoparticles in the hybrid soil is between 0.1 mol / l and 0.13 mol / l.
- the aluminum concentration provided by the colloidal dispersion of doped boehmite nanoparticles in hybrid soil is between 0.1 mol / l and 0.13 mol / l.
- the hybrid soil thus obtained is allowed to stand at ambient temperature for a period of 24 hours.
- an alcoholic solution containing at least one alkoxysilane and at least one aluminum alkoxide is prepared and then an amount of the dispersion is added to the alcoholic solution.
- colloidal of physisorbed boehmite nanoparticles and / or doped boehmite nanoparticles and / or hollow boehmite nanoparticles is prepared and then an amount of the dispersion is added to the alcoholic solution.
- the viscosity of the treatment solution (dispersion) decreases with the addition of the colloidal boehmite dispersion. This controls the thickness of the hybrid gel deposited on the surface of the solid metal substrate, in particular as a function of the rate of removal of the solid metal substrate from the treatment solution (dispersion).
- a step is performed for depositing the colloidal anti-corrosion treatment dispersion on a surface of a solid metal substrate, in particular a part of a rolled aluminum alloy 2024 T3 having previously undergone degreasing and etching.
- a part of the solvent of the composite hybrid soil evaporates and simultaneously ⁇ hydrolysis / condensation of (the) alkoxysilane (s) and (s) alkoxide (s) metal (s) allows the formation of a composite hybrid anti-corrosion matrix on the surface of the solid metal substrate.
- cerium as a corrosion inhibitor, especially free cerium (Ce 111 ), in the treatment solution allows the formation during the deposition of said solution of a chemically stable conversion layer in a corrosive medium.
- a conversion layer is in particular formed from the hydroxyl groups of an element M constituting the solid metal substrate and forming an MO-Ce- bond with cerium.
- the presence of physisorbed boehmite nanoparticles and doped boehmite nanoparticles in the treatment solution is adapted to allow the formation of corrosion inhibitor reservoirs in the composite hybrid matrix constituting the anticorrosion coating, said reservoirs being adapted to allow controlled release. in time of the corrosion inhibitor.
- the application of the surface treatment solution of the solid metal substrate is carried out by any means known in itself to those skilled in the art, in particular by soaking / shrinking ("dip coating”), by spraying (“spray-coating”), or by brush, pad or brush application for localized uses as a coating repair of the surface of the solid metal substrate.
- dip coating soaking / shrinking
- spraying spraying
- brush, pad or brush application for localized uses as a coating repair of the surface of the solid metal substrate.
- the shrinkage rate makes it possible to control the thickness of the deposition of the treatment solution for a viscosity of the given treatment solution.
- the withdrawal speed varies between 2 and 53 cm / min.
- the extended residence time may vary between 1 and 300 seconds.
- the thickness of the deposits is controlled by the viscosity of the treatment solution, the sputtering parameters, including the pressure, the flow rate, the geometric characteristics of the spray nozzles, and the speed of movement. nozzles facing the surface of the solid metal substrate and the number of passage of the nozzles in front of the surface of the solid metal substrate.
- the application of the treatment solution can be carried out manually or be robotized according to conventional techniques.
- the thickness of the deposit is controlled by the viscosity of the treatment solution and by the number of successive applications on the surface of the solid metal substrate.
- the treatment solution applied to the surface of the solid metal substrate is heat-treated so as to evaporatively remove the residual solvent (s) from the treatment solution and allow it to be polymerized into a hybrid matrix. composite.
- a heat treatment comprises two successive steps in which the solid metal substrate coated with the treatment solution is first subjected to a first heating step at a temperature between 50 ° C and 70 ° C for a period of time between 2 h and 24 h, said first heating step being adapted to allow removal of aqueous and / or organic solvents, then to a second heating step at a temperature between 110 ° C and 180 ° C for a period of time between 3 h and 16 h, said second heating step being adapted to perfect the polymerization of the treatment solution and to improve the mechanical properties of the composite hybrid matrix.
- FIG. 3 represents the variation of the surface resistance of a solid metal substrate treated by a process according to the invention as a function of the immersion time of this solid metal substrate in a corrosion bath (0.05 mol / L NaCl). in water).
- the curve ( ⁇ ) represents the variation of the surface resistance of a solid metal substrate treated according to a process according to the invention consisting in the successive application of a solution of conversion rich in cerium (0.1 mol / L) then a treatment solution comprising cerium (0.01 mol / L). It is observed that the surface resistance of the treated solid metal substrate ( ⁇ ) decreases more slowly than the surface resistance of a solid metal substrate ( ⁇ ) treated with the same treatment solution (0.01 mol / L of Ce) but free of conversion layer.
- the surface resistance of the untreated substrate ( ⁇ ) reaches a value of the order of 2.12 10 6 ⁇ . ⁇ 2 , while the resistance surface area of the treated ( ⁇ ) substrate remains of the order of 4.05 10 6 ⁇ . ⁇ 2 .
- the surface resistance of the untreated substrate ( ⁇ ) reaches a limit value of the order of 1.1 ⁇ 10 6 ⁇ . ⁇ 2 , whereas the surface resistance of the substrate ( ⁇ ) treated remains of the order of 2.75 10 6 ⁇ . ⁇ 2 .
- the inventors have also observed, in a completely surprising and unexpected manner, that the anticorrosion treatment of a solid metal substrate according to the invention with a treatment solution comprising a cerium concentration of between 0.005 mol / l and 0.015 mol / l allows not only to obtain a surface resistance of the anticorrosive coating, measured by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (FIG.
- Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy is used to determine the corrosion resistance of a solid metal substrate Ai 2024-T3 treated or not with a conversion solution and then exposed to a step of corrosion by immersion in a 0.05 molar aqueous solution of NaCl. / L.
- the results are presented in FIG. 8 according to the Nyquist representation.
- Treatment of a piece of aluminum 2024-T3 treated with a conversion solution by immersion in a corrosion solution (0.05 mol / L NaCl) for 30 minutes at room temperature gives the latter a surface resistance Z 'in representation of "Nyquist" of the order of 4.10 4 ⁇ -cm 2 (o, Figure 8).
- the residual surface resistance Z 'of such a piece of aluminum after 1 hour of immersion in the corrosion solution is of the order of ⁇ , ⁇ . ⁇ 4 ⁇ . ⁇ 2 for a concentration of cerium of 0.01 mol / L in the conversion solution and a conversion treatment duration of 1 s, of the order of 2.10 4 n.cm 2 for a cerium concentration of 0.05 mol / L in the conversion solution and a conversion treatment time of 1 s and of the order of 3.3 ⁇ 10 4 n.cm 2 for a cerium concentration of 0.1 mol / L in the conversion solution and a conversion treatment time of 1 s.
- the residual surface resistance Z 'of a piece of aluminum after 1 h of immersion in the corrosion solution is of the order of ⁇ , ⁇ . ⁇ 4 n.cm 2 for a cerium concentration of 0.01 mole / L in the solution of conversion and a conversion treatment duration of 1 s, of the order of 2.10 4 ⁇ -cm 2 for a cerium concentration of 0.01 mol / L in the conversion solution and a conversion treatment duration of 60 s and of the order of 3.8 ⁇ 10 4 n.cm 2 for a cerium concentration of 0.01 mol / L in the conversion solution and a conversion treatment time of 300 s.
- the residual surface resistance Z 'of an aluminum part after 1 hour of immersion in the corrosion solution is of the order of 3.2 ⁇ 10 4 n.cm 2 for a cerium concentration of 0.1 mol / L in the conversion solution and a conversion treatment duration of 1 s, of the order of 4.0 ⁇ 10 4 n.cm 2 for a cerium concentration of 0.1 mol / L in the conversion solution and a duration of conversion treatment of 60 s and of the order of 9.0 ⁇ 10 4 n.cm 2 for a cerium concentration of 0.1 mol / L in the conversion solution and a conversion treatment time of 300 s.
- Prolonged immersion in the corrosion bath leads to a decrease in the surface resistance value which reaches the value of the surface resistance of the aluminum oxide in 10 hours.
- the surface resistance Z 'of a piece of aluminum treated with a conversion solution containing cerium at a concentration of 0.5 mol / l for a period of 1 s, 60 s and 300 s remains greater than 1.10 4 ⁇ . cm after respectively 40 hours, 70 hours and 90 hours of immersion of the aluminum part in the corrosion bath.
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- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)
- Paints Or Removers (AREA)
- Chemical Treatment Of Metals (AREA)
- Other Surface Treatments For Metallic Materials (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (7)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP12781391.3A EP2766508B1 (fr) | 2011-10-14 | 2012-10-12 | Procédé de traitement anticorrosion d'un substrat métallique solide |
MX2014004512A MX2014004512A (es) | 2011-10-14 | 2012-10-12 | Proceso para el tratamiento anticorrosivo de un sustrato metalico solido y el sustrato metalico solido tratado obtenible por tal proceso. |
BR112014008845A BR112014008845A2 (pt) | 2011-10-14 | 2012-10-12 | processo de tratamento anticorrosão |
US14/351,430 US20140255611A1 (en) | 2011-10-14 | 2012-10-12 | Process for the anticorrosion treatment of a solid metal substrate and treated solid metal substrate capable of being obtained by such a process |
JP2014535154A JP2014528520A (ja) | 2011-10-14 | 2012-10-12 | 固体金属基材の防食処理方法およびかかる方法により得ることができる処理された固体金属基材 |
ES12781391.3T ES2609581T3 (es) | 2011-10-14 | 2012-10-12 | Procedimiento de tratamiento anticorrosión para un sustrato metálico sólido |
CA2851499A CA2851499A1 (fr) | 2011-10-14 | 2012-10-12 | Procede de traitement anticorrosion d'un substrat metallique solide et substrat metallique solide traite susceptible d'etre obtenu par un tel procede |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR1103137A FR2981366B1 (fr) | 2011-10-14 | 2011-10-14 | Procede de traitement anticorrosion d'un substrat metallique solide et substrat metallique solide traite susceptible d'etre obtenu par un tel procede |
FR11.03137 | 2011-10-14 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2013054064A1 true WO2013054064A1 (fr) | 2013-04-18 |
Family
ID=47143172
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/FR2012/052337 WO2013054064A1 (fr) | 2011-10-14 | 2012-10-12 | Procédé de traitement anticorrosion d'un substrat métallique solide et substrat métallique solide traité susceptible d'être obtenu par un tel procédé |
Country Status (9)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20140255611A1 (fr) |
EP (1) | EP2766508B1 (fr) |
JP (1) | JP2014528520A (fr) |
BR (1) | BR112014008845A2 (fr) |
CA (1) | CA2851499A1 (fr) |
ES (1) | ES2609581T3 (fr) |
FR (1) | FR2981366B1 (fr) |
MX (1) | MX2014004512A (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2013054064A1 (fr) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP2915903A1 (fr) | 2014-03-05 | 2015-09-09 | The Boeing Company | Revêtement de conversion exempt de chrome |
WO2018189624A1 (fr) * | 2017-04-14 | 2018-10-18 | Inm Technologies Private Limited | Revêtements multicouches résistants à la corrosion |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP7476823B2 (ja) | 2021-03-03 | 2024-05-01 | 株式会社デンソー | 金属製品 |
WO2023034488A1 (fr) * | 2021-09-01 | 2023-03-09 | Raytheon Company | Formulations de revêtement sol-gel hybrides dopées avec des pigments inhibiteurs de corrosion |
Citations (1)
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WO2009059798A2 (fr) * | 2007-11-08 | 2009-05-14 | Corus Uk Limited | Procédé de fabrication d'un revêtement sur un substrat métallique et revêtement obtenu par ce procédé |
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US5221371A (en) * | 1991-09-03 | 1993-06-22 | Lockheed Corporation | Non-toxic corrosion resistant conversion coating for aluminum and aluminum alloys and the process for making the same |
US5591380A (en) * | 1991-12-20 | 1997-01-07 | United Technologies Corporation | Preparation of alumina-silica sol gel compositions |
US5356492A (en) * | 1993-04-30 | 1994-10-18 | Locheed Corporation | Non-toxic corrosion resistant conversion process coating for aluminum and aluminum alloys |
JP4707258B2 (ja) * | 2001-05-07 | 2011-06-22 | 日本ペイント株式会社 | 化成皮膜用酸性洗浄剤及び処理方法 |
JP4518419B2 (ja) * | 2003-02-25 | 2010-08-04 | ヒェメタル ゲゼルシャフト ミット ベシュレンクテル ハフツング | 少なくとも2個のシランを含有する混合物を用いての金属表面の被覆方法 |
JP2006328445A (ja) * | 2005-05-23 | 2006-12-07 | Nippon Parkerizing Co Ltd | プレコート金属材料用水系表面処理剤、表面処理方法及びプレコート金属材料の製造方法 |
JP5313432B2 (ja) * | 2005-12-28 | 2013-10-09 | 日本ペイント株式会社 | 金属表面処理用組成物、金属表面処理方法及び表面処理された亜鉛めっき鋼板 |
JP4719662B2 (ja) * | 2006-11-21 | 2011-07-06 | 日本パーカライジング株式会社 | 環境対応型プレコート金属材料用水系表面処理剤、並びに表面処理金属材料及び環境対応型プレコート金属材料 |
FR2929622B1 (fr) * | 2008-04-04 | 2011-03-04 | Eads Europ Aeronautic Defence | Revetements mesostructures comprenant un agent texturant particulier, pour application en aeronautique et aerospatiale |
JP5438392B2 (ja) * | 2009-06-22 | 2014-03-12 | 日本パーカライジング株式会社 | 金属表面処理剤、表面処理金属材料および金属材料の表面処理方法 |
KR101444566B1 (ko) * | 2009-10-30 | 2014-09-24 | 니혼 파커라이징 가부시키가이샤 | 라미네이트 금속 재료용 표면 처리제 및 라미네이트 금속 재료의 제조 방법 |
JP2011153341A (ja) * | 2010-01-26 | 2011-08-11 | Nippon Paint Co Ltd | 熱交換器の防錆処理方法 |
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2011
- 2011-10-14 FR FR1103137A patent/FR2981366B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2012
- 2012-10-12 CA CA2851499A patent/CA2851499A1/fr not_active Abandoned
- 2012-10-12 US US14/351,430 patent/US20140255611A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2012-10-12 WO PCT/FR2012/052337 patent/WO2013054064A1/fr active Application Filing
- 2012-10-12 ES ES12781391.3T patent/ES2609581T3/es active Active
- 2012-10-12 EP EP12781391.3A patent/EP2766508B1/fr active Active
- 2012-10-12 BR BR112014008845A patent/BR112014008845A2/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2012-10-12 MX MX2014004512A patent/MX2014004512A/es unknown
- 2012-10-12 JP JP2014535154A patent/JP2014528520A/ja active Pending
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Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP2915903A1 (fr) | 2014-03-05 | 2015-09-09 | The Boeing Company | Revêtement de conversion exempt de chrome |
US9290846B2 (en) | 2014-03-05 | 2016-03-22 | The Boeing Company | Chromium-free conversion coating |
WO2018189624A1 (fr) * | 2017-04-14 | 2018-10-18 | Inm Technologies Private Limited | Revêtements multicouches résistants à la corrosion |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US20140255611A1 (en) | 2014-09-11 |
MX2014004512A (es) | 2015-05-11 |
CA2851499A1 (fr) | 2013-04-18 |
BR112014008845A2 (pt) | 2017-04-18 |
EP2766508A1 (fr) | 2014-08-20 |
FR2981366B1 (fr) | 2014-10-17 |
JP2014528520A (ja) | 2014-10-27 |
ES2609581T3 (es) | 2017-04-21 |
FR2981366A1 (fr) | 2013-04-19 |
EP2766508B1 (fr) | 2016-10-05 |
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