WO2013053279A1 - 一种燃气热水采暖装置及系统 - Google Patents

一种燃气热水采暖装置及系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2013053279A1
WO2013053279A1 PCT/CN2012/081653 CN2012081653W WO2013053279A1 WO 2013053279 A1 WO2013053279 A1 WO 2013053279A1 CN 2012081653 W CN2012081653 W CN 2012081653W WO 2013053279 A1 WO2013053279 A1 WO 2013053279A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
water
heat exchanger
heating
hot water
heat
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2012/081653
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
毕大岩
刘宝林
邱步
Original Assignee
艾欧史密斯(中国)热水器有限公司
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Filing date
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Application filed by 艾欧史密斯(中国)热水器有限公司 filed Critical 艾欧史密斯(中国)热水器有限公司
Priority to US14/350,695 priority Critical patent/US9651266B2/en
Priority to CA2851548A priority patent/CA2851548C/en
Publication of WO2013053279A1 publication Critical patent/WO2013053279A1/zh

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D17/00—Domestic hot-water supply systems
    • F24D17/0036—Domestic hot-water supply systems with combination of different kinds of heating means
    • F24D17/0063—Domestic hot-water supply systems with combination of different kinds of heating means solar energy and conventional heaters
    • F24D17/0068—Domestic hot-water supply systems with combination of different kinds of heating means solar energy and conventional heaters with accumulation of the heated water
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D17/00—Domestic hot-water supply systems
    • F24D17/0026—Domestic hot-water supply systems with conventional heating means
    • F24D17/0031—Domestic hot-water supply systems with conventional heating means with accumulation of the heated water
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D3/00—Hot-water central heating systems
    • F24D3/08—Hot-water central heating systems in combination with systems for domestic hot-water supply
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H1/00—Water heaters, e.g. boilers, continuous-flow heaters or water-storage heaters
    • F24H1/10—Continuous-flow heaters, i.e. heaters in which heat is generated only while the water is flowing, e.g. with direct contact of the water with the heating medium
    • F24H1/107—Continuous-flow heaters, i.e. heaters in which heat is generated only while the water is flowing, e.g. with direct contact of the water with the heating medium using fluid fuel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H1/00—Water heaters, e.g. boilers, continuous-flow heaters or water-storage heaters
    • F24H1/18—Water-storage heaters
    • F24H1/186—Water-storage heaters using fluid fuel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H1/00—Water heaters, e.g. boilers, continuous-flow heaters or water-storage heaters
    • F24H1/22—Water heaters other than continuous-flow or water-storage heaters, e.g. water heaters for central heating
    • F24H1/24—Water heaters other than continuous-flow or water-storage heaters, e.g. water heaters for central heating with water mantle surrounding the combustion chamber or chambers
    • F24H1/26—Water heaters other than continuous-flow or water-storage heaters, e.g. water heaters for central heating with water mantle surrounding the combustion chamber or chambers the water mantle forming an integral body
    • F24H1/28—Water heaters other than continuous-flow or water-storage heaters, e.g. water heaters for central heating with water mantle surrounding the combustion chamber or chambers the water mantle forming an integral body including one or more furnace or fire tubes
    • F24H1/287—Water heaters other than continuous-flow or water-storage heaters, e.g. water heaters for central heating with water mantle surrounding the combustion chamber or chambers the water mantle forming an integral body including one or more furnace or fire tubes with the fire tubes arranged in line with the combustion chamber
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H1/00—Water heaters, e.g. boilers, continuous-flow heaters or water-storage heaters
    • F24H1/22—Water heaters other than continuous-flow or water-storage heaters, e.g. water heaters for central heating
    • F24H1/34—Water heaters other than continuous-flow or water-storage heaters, e.g. water heaters for central heating with water chamber arranged adjacent to the combustion chamber or chambers, e.g. above or at side
    • F24H1/36—Water heaters other than continuous-flow or water-storage heaters, e.g. water heaters for central heating with water chamber arranged adjacent to the combustion chamber or chambers, e.g. above or at side the water chamber including one or more fire tubes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H1/00—Water heaters, e.g. boilers, continuous-flow heaters or water-storage heaters
    • F24H1/22—Water heaters other than continuous-flow or water-storage heaters, e.g. water heaters for central heating
    • F24H1/40—Water heaters other than continuous-flow or water-storage heaters, e.g. water heaters for central heating with water tube or tubes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H1/00—Water heaters, e.g. boilers, continuous-flow heaters or water-storage heaters
    • F24H1/22—Water heaters other than continuous-flow or water-storage heaters, e.g. water heaters for central heating
    • F24H1/44—Water heaters other than continuous-flow or water-storage heaters, e.g. water heaters for central heating with combinations of two or more of the types covered by groups F24H1/24 - F24H1/40 , e.g. boilers having a combination of features covered by F24H1/24 - F24H1/40
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H1/00—Water heaters, e.g. boilers, continuous-flow heaters or water-storage heaters
    • F24H1/48—Water heaters for central heating incorporating heaters for domestic water
    • F24H1/50—Water heaters for central heating incorporating heaters for domestic water incorporating domestic water tanks
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B10/00—Integration of renewable energy sources in buildings
    • Y02B10/70—Hybrid systems, e.g. uninterruptible or back-up power supplies integrating renewable energies

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a gas water heater, in particular to a gas hot water heating device and a system with heating function, belonging to the technical field of water heaters. Background technique
  • the current gas heating water heater is a gas heating equipment with a large market share.
  • the existing gas heating water heater is a ready-to-use hot water heating device.
  • the basic structure is that there are two separate closed circuit systems, one for the user to warm and one for the user's domestic hot water.
  • the disadvantage is that, because there is no water storage capacity, when the user uses the heating system and the hot water system at the same time, the temperature control of the hot water supply system is difficult, especially when the water inlet temperature is low and the water consumption is large, the required water cannot be achieved. Hot water temperature.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a gas hot water heating device and system which is small in size, fast in heat exchange, capable of quickly providing a large amount of hot water and having a heating function in view of the above problems in the prior art.
  • the basic technical scheme of the gas hot water heating device of the present invention comprises: a combustion device, an inlet and an outlet of a hot water pipe, an inlet and an outlet of a heating circuit, and a water tank, and further comprising first, second and third heat exchangers;
  • the flue gas outlet of the combustion device sequentially connects the flue gas passages of the first and second heat exchangers;
  • the first heat exchanger has a first water flow passage and a second water flow passage, and the water tank and the first exchange
  • the first water flow channel of the heat exchanger is connected in series between the inlet and the outlet of the hot water pipe;
  • the second water flow channel of the first heat exchanger and the water flow channel of the third heat exchanger are connected in series to the heating Between the inlet and the outlet of the circuit; both the second heat exchanger and the third heat exchanger can exchange heat with water in the water tank.
  • the basic technical scheme of the gas hot water heating system of the present invention comprises: a combustion device, a hot water pipe, a heating circuit and a water tank, and further comprising first, second and third heat exchangers; a flue gas outlet of the combustion device And sequentially connecting the flue gas channels of the first and second heat exchangers;
  • the first heat exchanger has a first water flow channel and a second water flow channel, a hot water pipeline is connected in series with the water tank and the first water flow passage of the first heat exchanger;
  • the heating circuit is connected in series with the second water flow passage of the first heat exchanger and the water flow passage of the third heat exchanger
  • the second heat exchanger and the third heat exchanger may both exchange heat with water in the water tank.
  • the above-described hot water heating device or system describes the invention from different angles, and the essence thereof is to organically combine the heat exchange system of the gas heating water heater with the water tank.
  • the high-temperature flue gas generated by the combustion device first exchanges a large amount of heat through the first heat exchanger, and then further heat exchange through the second heat exchanger, and can also absorb the latent heat of water vapor in the flue gas, thereby greatly improving the thermal efficiency of the system;
  • the water pipeline exchanges heat with the second heat exchanger in the water tank, and also performs rapid heat exchange through the first heat exchanger, which can quickly provide a large amount of hot water for the user; the heating circuit is absorbed and stored in the water tank through the third heat exchanger.
  • the heat is preheated to the water in the heating circuit, and then directly heated by the first heat exchanger to fully utilize the heat for heating.
  • the first heat exchanger is used in combination with a water tank, and the water tank assists the first heat exchanger for supplying hot water or heating, so the volume of the water tank need not be too large, and it can be suitable for home use.
  • a further refinement of the invention is that the water in the hot water line exchanges heat with water passing through the heating circuit in the first heat exchanger.
  • the present invention is further improved in that: the first and second water flow passages of the first heat exchanger are an inner tube flow passage and an outer tube flow passage that surround at least a part of the inner tube flow passage.
  • the inner tube flow path and the outer tube flow path are reverse flow paths. This results in better heat exchange between each other.
  • the invention is further improved in that: the inlet of the hot water pipe is the water inlet of the water tank and communicates with the water source, and the outlet of the hot water pipe is connected with the water end.
  • the hot water pipe enters the water tank from the water source for preheating, and then enters the first heat exchanger for heat exchange, so that the water temperature rises rapidly; because the water tank can store a part of the hot water, when the user uses a large amount of water, it can make up for only the first Heat exchangers cannot meet the problem of large amounts of hot water demand.
  • Still further refinement of the present invention is: further comprising a circulation branch connecting the inlet and the outlet of the heating circuit, the circulation branch and the second water flow passage and the third heat exchanger of the first heat exchanger
  • the water flow channel constitutes a circulation loop.
  • the invention is further improved in that: the circulation branch is equipped with an opening and closing control valve.
  • a further improvement of the present invention is: a switching device for changing the direction of water flow in the third heat exchanger is further provided.
  • the third heat exchanger absorbs heat while the heating circuit is operating, and releases heat when the hot water circuit is operating. In these two states, due to the difference in density of water at different temperatures, the water in the water tank initially has only one state, that is, the upper heat is cooled down, so adjusting the flow direction of the medium in the third heat exchanger is beneficial to improve the heat exchange efficiency.
  • the heating branch is further connected in parallel with the auxiliary heating branch, and the auxiliary heating branch is connected to the third heat exchanger to form a heating circuit. Combined with other energy systems, the heat of other energy sources is stored in the water tank through the third heat exchanger, further reducing system energy consumption.
  • the auxiliary heating branch is provided with a solar collector as an auxiliary heating means.
  • the present invention has the following significant advantages:
  • the cold water from the water source can be preheated through the water tank, and then heated by heat exchange with the first heat exchanger to further increase the heating rate. At the same time, a certain amount of hot water is stored in the water tank, which can satisfy the user's large amount of hot water. demand.
  • the second heat exchanger can fully absorb the residual heat of the flue gas and store it in the water tank, which is more conducive to the full utilization of thermal energy.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • Figure 2 is a plan view of the embodiment of Figure 1.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic perspective view of the embodiment of FIG. 1.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic perspective view of the embodiment of FIG. 1.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a system according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a system according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a system according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention. detailed description
  • the gas hot water heating device of the present embodiment includes a combustion device 1, an inlet E and an outlet G of the hot water pipe 2, an inlet I and an outlet H of the heating circuit 3, and a water tank 4, and First, second, and third heat exchangers 5, 6, and 7.
  • the flue gas outlets 1-2 of the combustion apparatus 1 sequentially connect the flue gas passages of the first heat exchanger 5 and the second heat exchanger 6 in series.
  • the first heat exchanger 5 has an inner tube flow path 5-1 as a first water flow path and an outer tube flow path 5-2 as a second water flow path and surrounding the inner tube flow path.
  • the inner and outer tube flow passages communicate with the hot water line 2 and the heating circuit 3, respectively, and are opposite flow passages, so that the water of the hot water line 2 is heated in the first heat exchanger 5 and the water passing through the heating circuit 3. exchange.
  • the water tank 4 and the first water flow passage 5-1 of the first heat exchanger 5 are connected in series between the inlet E and the outlet G of the hot water pipe 2,
  • the second water flow passage 5-2 of the first heat exchanger 5 and the water flow passage of the third heat exchanger 7 are connected in series between the inlet I and the outlet H of the heating circuit 3.
  • Both the second heat exchanger 6 and the third heat exchanger 7 can exchange heat with water in the water tank 4, either in the water tank 4 or in the immediate vicinity of the water tank 4.
  • the inlet E of the hot water line 2 is the water inlet of the water tank 4 and is in communication with the water source, and the outlet G of the hot water line 2 is in communication with the water end.
  • An opening and closing control valve A1 is installed in the circulation branch.
  • the gas hot water heating system of the present embodiment is as shown in FIG. 4, and includes a combustion device 1, a hot water pipe 2, a heating circuit 3, a water tank 4, and a first heat exchanger 5, a second heat exchanger 6, and a third Heat exchanger 7 (hedge heat exchanger). Above the combustion device 1, a fan 1-1, a flue gas outlet 1-2 of the lower combustion chamber, and a flue gas passage of the first heat exchanger 5 and the second heat exchanger 6 are sequentially connected in series.
  • the water source E of the hot water pipe 2 is connected to the water inlet of the water tank 4, and the water outlet of the water tank 4 passes through the first heat exchanger 5 and is connected to the water terminal F of the hot water pipe.
  • the heating circuit 3 is connected in series with the water flow channels of the first heat exchanger 5 and the third heat exchanger 7.
  • the second heat exchanger 6 and the third heat exchanger 7 are both located in the water tank 4, so that heat exchange can be performed with the water in the water tank 4.
  • the first heat exchanger 5 is substantially a casing heat exchanger having an inner tube flow passage 5-1 and an outer tube flow passage 5-2 surrounding the inner tube flow passage, and the hot water conduit 2 passes through the inner tube flow passage 5- 1.
  • the heating circuit 3 passes through the outer tube flow path 5-2, so that the water in the hot water line 2 exchanges heat with the water in the heating circuit 3 in the first heat exchanger 5.
  • the inner tube flow path 5-1 and the outer tube flow path 5- 2 are reverse flow paths.
  • the first heat exchanger can also be two single-flow heat exchange pipes, and the hot water pipe and the heating circuit respectively pass through two single-flow heat exchange pipes, and in actual manufacture, it is obviously also possible to be the first
  • the heat exchanger is designed as a multi-channel heat exchange pipe as needed.
  • 8 is an expansion tank.
  • the hot water pipe 2 for providing domestic water is an open circuit system, and the flow of water is the first heat exchanger of the tap water source water tank (inner pipe flow path) user terminal (shower, etc.); the heating circuit for providing heating water 3 It is a closed circuit system, the process of water is the heating equipment of the user end (heat sink, etc.), the circulating water pump, the third heat exchanger, the first heat exchanger (outer tube flow path), the heating equipment at the user end, and the expansion water tank as the pressure balance device in the circuit.
  • the history of the flue gas is the flue gas exhaust of the flue gas passage of the second heat exchanger of the first heat exchanger flue gas passage of the combustion device.
  • the hot water pipe exchanges heat with the second heat exchanger in the water tank, and also performs rapid heat exchange through the first heat exchanger, which can quickly provide a large amount of hot water for the user;
  • the heating circuit is absorbed and stored in the water tank through the third heat exchanger.
  • the heat inside preheats the water in the heating circuit, and then directly heats it through the first heat exchanger to make full use of heat for heating;
  • the warm flue gas first exchanges a large amount of heat through the first heat exchanger, and then further heat exchange through the second heat exchanger, and can also absorb the latent heat of water vapor in the flue gas, thereby greatly improving the thermal efficiency of the system.
  • the heating circuit 3 includes a heating branch 3A via the heating device 3-1, and a first heat exchanger 5 and a third heat exchanger 7, and a heating branch 3A and a circulating branch 3B through the valve.
  • the heating branch 3A and the circulating branch 3B are connected in parallel.
  • the heating circuit 3 has a control valve A for switching the circulation branch 3B and the heating branch 3A.
  • a two-position three-way valve A is provided at the intersection of the circulation branch and the heating branch, and the two branches are switched by the two switching positions A1 and A2 of the valve A.
  • the heating circuit 3 is further provided with a switching device for changing the direction of the water flow in the third heat exchanger 7, specifically, the switching device is a four-way valve B having four ports of B1, B2, B3 and B4, and the third switching
  • the two ends of the heat exchanger 7 are respectively connected with B2 and B4, and the two ends of the heating circuit are respectively connected with B1 and B3, so that the state of the control valve Bl-B4, B2-B3 or Bl-B2, B3-B4 can be connected.
  • the third heat exchanger 7 is realized to move in and out, or to go in and out.
  • the switching device can also be applied to one of the embodiments.
  • the A1 position of valve A is opened, the A2 position is closed, the Bl-B2 and B3-B4 of valve B are connected, and the cold water from the user-side heating equipment passes through B1-B2 from bottom to top.
  • the third heat exchanger absorbs heat, and then enters the first heat exchanger for heat exchange through B3-B4, and then enters the user's heating device through the A1 position of the valve A for heating. Since the third heat exchanger can absorb the heat released into the water tank by the second heat exchanger, avoiding the accumulation of heat in the water tank when heating is used, causing the problem of excessive water temperature and pressure in the water tank, thereby eliminating safety hazards.
  • the heating branch is stopped.
  • valve A1 position When the circulating branch is working, the valve A1 position is closed, the A2 position is opened, and the valve B is connected to Bl-B4 and B2-B3. In this case, the first heat exchanger comes out of the high-temperature heating hot water.
  • the A2 position of valve A enters the circulation branch 3B, and then passes through the B1-B4 into the third heat exchanger to release the cold water from the water tank, and then enters the first heat exchanger again through B2-B3.
  • the method of transferring the heat absorbed by the heating circuit in the first heat exchanger to the water tank through the third heat exchanger can effectively avoid the water temperature of the heating circuit in the first heat exchanger is too high, and at the same time, preheating the cold water in the water tank , can quickly increase the heating rate, is very conducive to users who are used to large-flow domestic water.
  • the gas hot water heating system of this embodiment is shown in FIG. 5, and its basic structure is the same as that of the first embodiment, except that the pipelines at both ends of the third heat exchanger are simplified, so that the third heat exchanger cannot be realized.
  • the direction of water flow is switched, and the heat exchange efficiency is slightly poor.
  • the gas hot water heating system of the present embodiment is as shown in FIG. 6, and its basic structure is also the same as that of the first embodiment, except that the heating branch is also connected in parallel with the auxiliary heating branch, the auxiliary heating branch and the third The heat exchangers are connected to form a heating circuit.
  • a solar collector as an auxiliary heating device is provided in the auxiliary heating branch. (Alternative heating devices for other energy sources can also be set as needed). In this way, in combination with the green energy system, the heat of the solar collector is transferred to the water tank through the third heat exchanger, thereby further reducing the system energy consumption.

Abstract

一种具有采暖功能的燃气热水采暖装置及系统，该装置包括燃烧装置（1）、热水管路（2）的进口（E）和出口（G）、采暖回路（3）的进口（I）和出口（H）以及水箱（4），还包括第一换热器（5）、第二换热器（6）和第三换热器（7）；燃烧装置（1）的烟气出口（1-2）按序串联第一换热器（5）和第二换热器（6）的烟气通道；第一换热器（5）中具有第一水流通道（5-1）和第二水流通道（5-2），水箱（4）及第一换热器（5）的第一水流通道（5-1）串联连通于热水管路（2）的进口（E）和出口（G）之间；第二换热器（6）和第三换热器（7）均可与水箱（4）内的水进行热交换。

Description

一种燃气热水采暖装置及系统 技术领域
本发明涉及一种燃气热水器， 尤其是一种具有采暖功能的燃气热水采暖装置及系 统， 属于热水器技术领域。 背景技术
据申请人了解， 目前燃气采暖热水炉是市场占有率较大的燃气采暖设备。 现有燃气 采暖热水炉是一种即开即用的热水加热设备， 其基本结构为有两个分离的闭路系统， 一 个供用户取暖， 一个供用户家用热水。 其缺点在于， 由于没有储水能力， 因此当用户同 时使用采暖系统和热水系统时， 热水供应系统的温度控制困难， 尤其当入水温度较低、 用水量较大时， 无法达到所需的热水温度。
检索发现， 专利申请号为 200920126995的中国专利展示了一种将燃气热水系统与供 暖系统结合的技术方案， 其特点是通过在水箱中增加一个盘管换热器， 将水箱中的热量 传递到采暖水路中。 该系统虽然结构简单， 但由于从水箱到取暖循环中的换热过程是水- 水换热， 换热速度很慢。 对于取暖需求较高的用户， 换热面积必须非常大， 从而导致水 箱的体积不适于家庭用户。 发明内容
本发明的目的在于： 针对上述现有技术存在的问题， 提出一种体积小巧、 换热迅 速、 能够快速提供大量热水且具有采暖功能的燃气热水采暖装置和系统。
本发明的燃气热水采暖装置的基本技术方案是： 包括燃烧装置、 热水管路的进口和 出口、 采暖回路的进口和出口以及水箱， 还包括第一、 第二、 第三换热器； 所述燃烧装 置的烟气出口按序串联第一和第二换热器的烟气通道； 所述第一换热器中具有第一水流 通道和第二水流通道， 所述水箱及第一换热器的第一水流通道串联连通于所述热水管路 的进口和出口之间； 所述第一换热器的第二水流通道及第三换热器的水流通道串联连通 于所述采暖回路的进口和出口之间； 所述第二换热器和第三换热器均可与所述水箱内的 水进行热交换。
本发明的燃气热水采暖系统的基本技术方案是： 包括燃烧装置、 热水管路、 采暖回 路以及水箱， 还包括第一、 第二、 第三换热器； 所述燃烧装置的烟气出口按序串联第一 和第二换热器的烟气通道； 所述第一换热器中具有第一水流通道和第二水流通道， 所述 热水管路与所述水箱及第一换热器的第一水流通道串联连通； 所述采暖回路与所述第一 换热器的第二水流通道及第三换热器的水流通道串联连通； 所述第二换热器和第三换热 器均可与所述水箱内的水进行热交换。
上述热水采暖装置或系统从不同角度描述了本发明， 其实质均是将燃气采暖热水炉 的换热系统与水箱有机结合。 工作时， 燃烧装置产生的高温烟气先经过第一换热器交换 大量的热量， 再经过第二换热器进一步换热， 还可以吸收烟气中的水汽潜热， 大大提高 系统的热效率； 热水管路在水箱中与第二换热器进行换热， 还通过第一换热器进行快速 换热， 能够为用户快速提供大量热水； 采暖回路通过第三换热器吸收储存在水箱内的热 量对采暖回路的水进行预热， 再通过第一换热器直接加热， 充分利用热量进行供暖。 第 一换热器与水箱结合使用， 水箱对第一换热器供热水或采暖进行辅助， 所以水箱的体积 无需太大， 能够适宜家庭使用。
本发明进一步的完善是： 所述热水管路中的水在第一换热器中与通过所述采暖回路 中的水进行热交换。
本发明更进一步的完善是： 所述第一换热器的第一和第二水流通道分别为内管流道 以及至少包绕部分内管流道的外管流道。
本发明再进一步的完善是： 所述内管流道与所述外管流道为逆向流道。 这样其相互 之间的换热效果更佳。
本发明再进一步的完善是： 所述热水管路的进口为所述水箱的进水口且与水源连 通， 所述热水管路的出口与用水端连通。 热水管路从水源进入水箱进行预热， 再进入第 一换热器进行换热， 使水温快速升高； 由于水箱可以储存一部分热水， 在用户用水量大 时， 可以弥补仅通过第一换热器不能满足大量热水需求的问题。
本发明再进一步的完善是： 还包括连通所述采暖回路的进口和出口之间的循环支 路， 所述循环支路与所述第一换热器的第二水流通道和第三换热器的水流通道构成循环 回路。 在使用热水时， 通过循环回路将采暖回路在第一换热器获得的热量通过第三换热 器来预热水箱内的水， 为热水供应提供更多的热量。
本发明再进一步的完善是： 所述循环支路中装有启闭控制阀。
本发明再进一步的完善是： 还设有改变第三换热器内水流方向的切换装置。 第三换 热器在采暖回路工作时吸热， 而在热水回路工作时放热。 这两种状态下， 由于不同温度 水的密度差异， 水箱内的水最初都只有一种状态， 即上热下冷， 因此调整第三换热器内 介质的流向， 有益于提高换热效率。 本发明再进一步的完善是： 所述采暖支路还与辅助加热支路并联， 所述辅助加热支 路与所述第三换热器连通构成加热循环回路。 与其他能源系统相结合， 通过第三换热 器， 将其他能源的热量储存在水箱中， 从而进一步降低系统能耗。
本发明再进一步的完善是： 所述辅助加热支路中设有作为辅助加热装置的太阳能集 热器。
总之， 本发明具有以下显著优点：
1 ) 通过第三换热器将水箱中的热量与采暖回路的热量进行互换， 能够吸收水箱中的 热量用于采暖， 也可以将采暖回路获得的热量释放到水箱中加热水箱中的水。
2 ) 可以使来自水源的冷水先经过水箱预热， 再通过与第一换热器热交换升温， 进一 步提高了升温速度， 同时水箱内储存一定量的热水， 能够满足用户大量用热水的需求。
3 ) 借助第二换热器可以将烟气的余热充分吸收， 储存在水箱中， 更有利于热能的充 分利用。 附图说明
图 1为本发明实施例一的结构示意图。
图 2为图 1实施例的俯视图。
图 3为图 1实施例的立体结构示意图。
图 4为本发明实施例二的系统结构示意图。
图 5为本发明实施例三的系统结构示意图。
图 6为本发明实施例四的系统结构示意图。 具体实施方式
以下结合附图对本发明的若干实施例进行详细说明。
实施例一
本实施例的燃气热水采暖装置如图 1、 2、 3所示， 包括燃烧装置 1、 热水管路 2 的进 口 E和出口 G、 采暖回路 3的进口 I和出口 H以及水箱 4， 以及第一、 第二、 第三换热器 5、 6、 7。 燃烧装置 1 的烟气出口 1-2按序串联第一换热器 5和第二换热器 6的烟气通 道。 第一换热器 5中具有作为第一水流通道的内管流道 5-1和作为第二水流通道且包绕 内管流道的外管流道 5-2。 内、 外管流道分别与热水管路 2和采暖回路 3连通， 互为逆 向流道， 因此热水管路 2的水在第一换热器 5中与通过采暖回路 3的水进行热交换。 水 箱 4及第一换热器 5的第一水流通道 5-1串联连通于热水管路 2的进口 E和出口 G之间， 第一换热器 5的第二水流通道 5-2及第三换热器 7的水流通道串联连通于采暖回路 3的 进口 I和出口 H之间。 第二换热器 6和第三换热器 7均可与水箱 4内的水进行热交换一 一既可以处于水箱 4内， 也可以紧邻水箱 4。 热水管路 2的进口 E为水箱 4的进水口且 与水源连通， 热水管路 2的出口 G与用水端连通。 采暖回路 3的进口 I和出口 H之间还 具有循环支路 3B， 该循环支路与第一换热器 5的第二水流通道 5-2和第三换热器 7的水 流通道构成循环回路。 循环支路中装有启闭控制阀 Al。
其工作原理及有益效果在构成实施例二的系统时更容易理解， 此处不详细描述， 参见 实施例二的相关说明即可。
实施例二
本实施例的燃气热水采暖系统如图 4 所示， 包括燃烧装置 1、 热水管路 2、 采暖回路 3、 水箱 4， 以及第一换热器 5、 第二换热器 6、 第三换热器 7 (对冲换热器） 。 燃烧装置 1的上方装有风机 1-1、 下部燃烧室的烟气出口 1-2按序串联第一换热器 5和第二换热器 6的烟气通道。 热水管路 2的水源 E与水箱 4的进水口连通， 水箱 4的出水口经过第一 换热器 5后与热水管路的用水端 F连通。 采暖回路 3与第一换热器 5及第三换热器 7的 水流通道串联连通。 第二换热器 6和第三换热器 7均位于水箱 4内， 因此可以与水箱 4 内的水进行热交换。
第一换热器 5实质为套管换热器， 具有内管流道 5-1 以及包绕内管流道的外管流道 5- 2， 热水管路 2通过内管流道 5-1， 采暖回路 3通过外管流道 5-2， 因此热水管路 2中的 水在第一换热器 5中与采暖回路 3中的水进行热交换。 并且内管流道 5-1与外管流道 5- 2 为逆向流道。 本实施例中第一换热器也可为两个单流道换热管路， 热水管路与采暖回 路分别通过两单流道换热管路， 实际制造时， 显然也可以将第一换热器按需设计为多流 道换热管路。 图中 8是膨胀水箱。
使用时， 提供生活用水的热水管路 2 是一个开路系统， 水的流程为自来水水源 水箱 第一换热器 （内管流道） 用户终端 （花洒等） ； 提供采暖用水的采暖回路 3 是 一个闭路系统， 水的历程为用户端的采暖设备 （散热片等） 循环水泵 第三换热器 第一换热器 （外管流道） 用户端的采暖设备， 膨胀水箱作为回路中的压力平衡装 置； 烟气的历程为燃烧装置 第一换热器烟气通道 第二换热器烟气通道 烟气排出。 热水管路在水箱中与第二换热器进行换热， 还通过第一换热器进行快速换热， 能够为用 户快速提供大量热水； 采暖回路通过第三换热器吸收储存在水箱内的热量对采暖回路的 水进行预热， 再通过第一换热器直接加热， 充分利用热量进行供暖； 燃烧装置产生的高 温烟气先经过第一换热器交换大量的热量， 再经过第二换热器进一步换热， 还可以吸收 烟气中的水汽潜热， 大大提高系统的热效率。
采暖回路 3包括经采暖设备 3-1的供暖支路 3A， 以及连通第一换热器 5和第三换热器 7、 且通过阀门控制供暖支路 3A和循环支路 3B。 供暖支路 3A和循环支路 3B并联。 采暖 回路 3具有切换循环支路 3B和供暖支路 3A的控制阀 A。 具体而言， 采暖回路 3中在循 环支路和供暖支路交汇处设有两位三通阀 A， 通过阀 A的两个切换位置 Al、 A2切换两支 路。 此外， 采暖回路 3还设有改变第三换热器 7 内水流方向的切换装置， 具体而言， 该 切换装置为具有 Bl、 B2、 B3和 B4四个端口的四通阀 B， 第三换热器 7的两端分别与 B2 和 B4连通， 采暖回路的两端分别与 B1和 B3连通， 因此可以通过控制阀的状态 Bl-B4、 B2-B3连通或 Bl-B2、 B3-B4连通， 实现第三换热器 7上进下出， 或下进上出。 显然， 该 切换装置也可以应用在实施例一种。
在使用过程中， 采暖支路工作时， 阀 A的 A1位置打开， A2位置关闭， 阀 B的 Bl-B2、 B3-B4 连通， 来自用户端采暖设备的冷水通过 B1-B2 由下而上进入第三换热器吸热， 再 通过 B3-B4进入第一换热器换热， 然后通过阀 A的 A1位置进入用户端采暖设备进行供 暖。 由于第三换热器能够吸收第二换热器释放到水箱中的热量， 避免仅使用采暖时水箱 内的热量累积、 造成水箱内水温、 压力过高的问题， 消除了安全隐患。 采暖支路停止， 循环支路工作时， 阀的 A1位置关闭， A2位置打开， 阀 B的 Bl-B4、 B2-B3连通， 在此情 况下第一换热器出来的高温采暖热水， 经阀 A的 A2位置进入循环支路 3B， 再通过 B1-B4 由上而下进入第三换热器对水箱的冷水放热， 然后通过 B2-B3 再次进入第一换热器换 热。 通过第三换热器将采暖回路在第一换热器吸收的热量转移到水箱中的方式， 可以有 效避免第一换热器内采暖回路的水温过高， 同时， 对水箱内的冷水预热， 可以迅速提高 加热速度， 十分有利于习惯大流量生活用水的用户。
实施例三
本实施例的燃气热水采暖系统如图 5 所示， 其基本结构与实施例一相同， 不同之处在 于第三换热器两端的管路有所简化， 因此无法实现第三换热器内水流方向的切换， 换热 效率稍差。
实施例四
本实施例的燃气热水采暖系统如图 6 所示， 其基本结构也与实施例一相同， 不同之处 在于采暖支路还与辅助加热支路并联， 该辅助加热支路与所述第三换热器连通构成加热 循环回路， 对于本实施例而言， 辅助加热支路中设有作为辅助加热装置的太阳能集热器 (也可以按需设置其它能源的辅助加热装置） 。 这样， 与绿色能源系统相结合， 通过第 三换热器， 将太阳能集热器的热量传递到水箱中， 从而进一步降低系统能耗。
除上述实施例外， 本发明还可以有其他实施方式。 凡采用等同替换或等效变换形成 的技术方案， 均落在本发明要求的保护范围。

Claims

权利要求书
1.一种燃气热水采暖装置， 包括燃烧装置、 热水管路的进口和出口、 采暖回路的进 口和出口以及水箱， 其特征在于： 还包括第一、 第二、 第三换热器； 所述燃烧装置的烟 气出口按序串联第一和第二换热器的烟气通道； 所述第一换热器中具有第一水流通道和 第二水流通道， 所述水箱及第一换热器的第一水流通道串联连通于所述热水管路的进口 和出口之间； 所述第一换热器的第二水流通道及第三换热器的水流通道串联连通于所述 采暖回路的进口和出口之间； 所述第二换热器和第三换热器均可与所述水箱内的水进行 热交换。
2.根据权利要求 1 所述的燃气热水采暖装置， 其特征在于： 通过所述热水管路的水 在第一换热器中与通过所述采暖回路的水进行热交换。
3.根据权利要求 2 所述的燃气热水采暖装置， 其特征在于： 所述第一换热器的第一 和第二水流通道分别为内管流道以及至少包绕部分内管流道的外管流道。
4.根据权利要求 3 所述的燃气热水采暖装置， 其特征在于： 所述内管流道与所述外 管流道为逆向流道。
5.根据权利要求 1 所述的燃气热水采暖装置， 其特征在于： 所述热水管路的进口为 所述水箱的进水口且与水源连通， 所述热水管路的出口与用水端连通。
6.根据权利要求 1 所述的燃气热水采暖装置， 其特征在于： 还包括连通所述采暖回 路的进口和出口之间的循环支路， 所述循环支路与所述第一换热器的第二水流通道和第 三换热器的水流通道构成循环回路。
7.根据权利要求 6 所述的燃气热水采暖装置， 其特征在于： 所述循环支路中装有启 闭控制阀。
8.根据权利要求 1 所述的燃气热水采暖装置， 其特征在于： 还设有改变第三换热器 内水流方向的切换装置。
9.一种燃气热水采暖系统， 包括燃烧装置、 热水管路、 采暖回路以及水箱， 其特征 在于： 还包括第一、 第二、 第三换热器； 所述燃烧装置的烟气出口按序串联第一和第二 换热器的烟气通道； 所述第一换热器中具有第一水流通道和第二水流通道， 所述热水管 路与所述水箱及第一换热器的第一水流通道串联连通； 所述采暖回路与所述第一换热器 的第二水流通道及第三换热器的水流通道串联连通； 所述第二换热器和第三换热器均可 与所述水箱内的水进行热交换。
10.根据权利要求 9所述的燃气热水采暖系统， 其特征在于： 所述采暖回路包括供暖 支路， 还包括在关闭所述供暖支路时与第一换热器的第二水流通道和第三换热器水流通 道连通形成循环回路的循环支路。
11.根据权利要求 10 所述的燃气热水采暖系统， 其特征在于： 所述采暖回路具有切 换所述循环支路和供暖支路的控制阀。
12.根据权利要求 9所述的燃气热水采暖系统， 其特征在于： 所述采暖回路设置有改 变第三换热器内水流方向的切换装置。
13.根据权利要求 9所述的燃气热水采暖系统， 其特征在于： 所述采暖支路还与辅助 加热支路并联， 所述辅助加热支路与所述第三换热器连通构成加热循环回路。
14.根据权利要求 13 所述的燃气热水采暖系统， 其特征在于： 所述辅助加热支路中 设有作为辅助加热装置的太阳能集热器。
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