Classifications

• • G—PHYSICS
  • G06—COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
  • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
  • G06F3/00—Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
  • G06F3/01—Input arrangements or combined input and output arrangements for interaction between user and computer
  • G06F3/03—Arrangements for converting the position or the displacement of a member into a coded form
  • G06F3/041—Digitisers, e.g. for touch screens or touch pads, characterised by the transducing means
  • G06F3/044—Digitisers, e.g. for touch screens or touch pads, characterised by the transducing means by capacitive means
  • G06F3/0445—Digitisers, e.g. for touch screens or touch pads, characterised by the transducing means by capacitive means using two or more layers of sensing electrodes, e.g. using two layers of electrodes separated by a dielectric layer
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
  • G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • G01D5/00—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable
  • G01D5/12—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means
  • G01D5/14—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means influencing the magnitude of a current or voltage
  • G01D5/24—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means influencing the magnitude of a current or voltage by varying capacitance
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G06—COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
  • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
  • G06F3/00—Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
  • G06F3/01—Input arrangements or combined input and output arrangements for interaction between user and computer
  • G06F3/03—Arrangements for converting the position or the displacement of a member into a coded form
  • G06F3/041—Digitisers, e.g. for touch screens or touch pads, characterised by the transducing means
  • G06F3/044—Digitisers, e.g. for touch screens or touch pads, characterised by the transducing means by capacitive means
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
  • H03K—PULSE TECHNIQUE
  • H03K17/00—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking
  • H03K17/94—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking characterised by the way in which the control signals are generated
  • H03K17/96—Touch switches
  • H03K17/962—Capacitive touch switches
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
  • H03K—PULSE TECHNIQUE
  • H03K2217/00—Indexing scheme related to electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making or -breaking covered by H03K17/00
  • H03K2217/94—Indexing scheme related to electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making or -breaking covered by H03K17/00 characterised by the way in which the control signal is generated
  • H03K2217/96—Touch switches
  • H03K2217/96066—Thumbwheel, potentiometer, scrollbar or slider simulation by touch switch

Definitions

• Electrode configuration for position detection and method for position detection are Electrode configuration for position detection and method for position detection
• the invention relates to an electrode configuration for a capacitive sensor system, in particular for detecting a position of an object relative to the electrode configuration, as well as a method for detecting a position of an object relative to the electrode configuration according to the invention.
• the approach of an object towards a sensor zone substantially is measured contactless by means of generation and measurement of electric alternating fields.
• Derived from the measurement signal may be functions, for example switching functions, of an electric device, in particular an electric handheld device.
• Electrodes in particular for capacitive sensor systems, which function according to the so called loading method, wherein, for example for implementing a sliding controller (in a sliding controller it is important that the position of an object, for example of a finger, may be detected along the sliding controller) a plurality of sensor electrodes arranged side by side and adjacent to each other, respectively, is provided.
• a sliding controller in a sliding controller it is important that the position of an object, for example of a finger, may be detected along the sliding controller
• a plurality of sensor electrodes arranged side by side and adjacent to each other, respectively.
• the sensor electrode is loaded with an electric alternating signal, so that an electric alternating field is emitted therefrom, wherein the capacitive load of the sensor electrode (for example by an approach of a finger towards the sensor electrode) is detected and evaluated, respectively, by means of an evaluation device.
• the capacitive load of the sensor electrode for example by an approach of a finger towards the sensor electrode
• the detected capacitive load it may be determined at which sensor electrode an approach of the finger has taken place.
• an electrode configuration for a capacitive sensor system and a method for detecting a position of an object relative to an electrode configuration according to the independent patent claims.
• Advantageous embodiments and improvements of the invention are given in the respective dependent claims.
• An integral part of the solution also is an electric device, in particular an electric handheld device, which has at least one capacitive sensor system comprising at least one electrode configuration according to the invention.
• a method for detecting a position of an object relative to an electrode configuration comprising at least three electrodes, wherein a first electrode is arranged parallel or concentrically with respect to a second electrode, a third electrode is arranged in an acute angle or excentric relative to the first electrode, the first electrode is loaded with a first generator signal, and wherein for determining an exposure of the electrode configuration by the object the second electrode is operated as receiving electrode and the third electrode may be loaded with a second generator signal, wherein at the receiving electrode a first measurement signal is tapped, which is representative for a first coupling capacity between the receiving electrode and the first electrode, and for determining the position the third electrode is operated as a receiving electrode and the second electrode may be loaded with the second generator signal, wherein at the receiving electrode a second measurement signal is tapped, which is representative for a second coupling capacity between the receiving electrode and the first electrode, and wherein the position is determined from the ratio of the variation of the second coupling capacity to the variation of the first coupling capacity.
• the second generator signal is inverse with respect to the first generator signal.
• the variation of the first coupling capacity substantially is proportional to the exposure of the electrode arrangement by the object
• the variation of the second coupling capacity substantially is proportional to the product of exposure and position of the object relative to the electrode arrangement.
• the variation of the first coupling capacity and the variation of the second coupling capacity each are determined as a variation with respect to the respective coupling capacity in the basic state of the electrode configuration.
• an electrode configuration for a capacitive sensor system in particular for detecting a position of an object relative to the electrode arrangement
• the electrode configuration has a first position detection electrode arrangement that comprises a first electrode and a second electrode, wherein the first electrode is operable as a transmitting electrode and the second electrode is operable as a receiving electrode, wherein the first electrode is arranged in an acute angle relative to the second electrode, and wherein the first electrode may be loaded with a first generator signal.
• the electrode configuration further may have at least one exposure detection electrode arrangement, which comprises a third electrode and a fourth electrode, wherein the third electrode may be operated as transmitting electrode and may be loaded with the first generator signal.
• the electrode configuration further may comprise a second position detection electrode arrangement, which comprises a fifth electrode and a sixth electrode, wherein the fifth electrode is arranged in an acute angle relative to the sixth electrode.
• the second electrode of the first position detection electrode arrangement may be arranged substantially parallel with respect to the fifth electrode of the second position detection electrode arrangement.
• the sixth electrode of the second position detection electrode arrangement is formed by the second electrode of the first position detection electrode arrangement (common electrode of the first position detection electrode arrangement and of the second position detection electrode arrangement), wherein the fifth electrode may be operated as transmitting electrode and may be loaded with the first generator signal.
• the second electrode of the first position detection electrode arrangement substantially may be arranged concentrically with respect to the fifth electrode of the second position detection electrode arrangement.
• the second electrode or the fourth electrode or the sixth electrode may be loaded with a second generator signal, wherein the electrodes not loaded with a generator signal are operable as receiving electrodes.
• the electrode loaded with the first or second generator signal is coupled with at least one receiving electrode via a coupling capacity Ccomp, wherein the coupling capacity is configured as a discrete capacitor or as a conductor path coupling.
• the electrode configuration comprises four electrodes, wherein a first electrode and a second electrode substantially are arranged parallel with respect to each other, wherein a third electrode is arranged in an acute angle relative to the first electrode and/or the second electrode, and wherein a fourth electrode is arranged in an acute angle relative to the third electrode.
• the second electrode and the fourth electrode are operable as transmitting electrodes and the first electrode is operable as receiving electrode, wherein the second electrode may be loaded with a first generator signal and the fourth electrode may be loaded with a second generator signal.
• the first generator signal may be inverse with respect to the second generator signal.
• Fig. 1 shows an equivalent circuit diagram of a capacitive sensor system for illustrating the absorption effect
• Fig. 2a shows an exposure detection electrode arrangement according to the invention for detecting the exposure of the electrodes by an object, for example a finger;
• Fig. 2b hows a position detection electrode arrangement according to the invention for detecting the position of an object relative to the electrodes
• Figs. 3(a) to 3(d) show different embodiments of an electrode configuration according to the invention (layouts);
• Fig. 6 shows a further embodiment of an electrode configuration according to the invention comprising electrodes substantially configured circular and circular arc-shaped, respectively;
• Fig. 7 shows a further embodiment of an electrode configuration according to the invention
• Figs. 8 to 11 show basic circuit diagrams for the electrode configurations (layouts) according to the invention shown in Fig. 3(a) to Fig. 3(d).
• the sensor system according to the invention is configured such that the sensor signals of the sensor system provide two informations:
• the capacitive coupling between the electrode Tx and the finger F is denoted by Cm
• the capacitive coupling between Rx and the finger is denoted by C 2H -
• Cm the capacitive coupling between the electrode Tx and the finger F
• C 2H the capacitive coupling between Rx and the finger
• This current path parallel to C 12 has to be reduced, preferably has to be inhibited by means of suitable measures, as described in the following: a) It may be attempted to make C R G ND (the capacitive coupling between the finger F and ground GND) significantly larger than Cm (or to firmly connect the finger F with ground GND). In doing so, substantially it is achieved that the current flowing from electrode Tx via Cm to finger F does not flow via C 2H to electrode Rx. Thereby, the transmission Tx -> Rx is largely avoided, however, the sensor system still depends on the grounding conditions of the sensor system. b) In addition, provided is a second transmitting electrode Tx2, which mainly may be brought into a capacitive coupling C 3H with the approaching finger F.
• the receiving electrode Rx is designed such and arranged such relative to the transmitting electrodes +Tx, -Tx, respectively, that a capacitive coupling substantially only exists with one of the transmitting electrodes +Tx or -Tx.
• the transmission current by means of a respective sensor layout and bay means of a respective isolating layer thickness is reduced such that also a sensor system only comprising one transmitting electrode +Tx may be constructed, which is largely independent of the grounding state.
• the grounding state (grounded or non-grounded) of the sensor system is known and largely constant, the sensor system also may be constructed comprising only one active transmitting electrode +Tx.
• the electrode configuration of a capacitive sensor system according to the invention for detecting a position of an object relative to the electrode configuration substantially comprises two electrode arrangements:
• Fig. 2a shows an exposure detection electrode arrangement according to the invention for detecting the exposure of the electrodes by an object, for example a finger.
• the exposure detection electrode arrangement comprises two electrodes Tx and Rx, wherein the electrodes Tx, Rx substantially are arranged parallel with respect to each other.
• the two electrodes Tx, Rx may have the same electrode width.
• the electrode length and electrode surface area covered by the finger F may be detected independent of the position of the finger F.
• the sensor signal substantially is proportional to the covered electrode length and electrode surface area, respectively.
• the electrodes Tx, Rx may be covered with a layer of isolating material.
• the coupling capacity between the transmitting electrode Tx and the receiving electrode Rx changes, wherein the variation of the coupling capacity is independent of the position in which the finger approaches the electrodes Tx, Rx and at which position the finger contacts the electrodes Tx, Rx, respectively.
• the detection of the exposure may also be provided for to switch the sensor device from a first operating mode into a second operating mode, for example from a sleeping mode into an active mode.
• a predetermined threshold value may be provided, which has to be exceeded before a change of the operating mode is carried out.
• the threshold value may include a minimum covering and/or a minimum duration of an exposure.
• the coupling capacity between the transmitting electrode Tx and the receiving electrode Rx changes and reduces, respectively, according to the following rule:
• the result of the calculation itself here is independent of the exposure. This means that the position is detected and determined, respectively, in a correct manner independent of the width of the fingers covering the electrodes (finger of a child or finger of an adult), independent of the variation of the width of the covering (for example when the width of an object is changing while the object is moved relative to the electrodes), independent of the distance or a change in distance of the fingers covering the electrodes, and in particular independent of whether a glove is used.
• Fig. 3 (a) to Fig. 3 (d) show electrode configurations according to the invention, which each comprise at least one position detection electrode arrangement.
• Fig. 3 (a) shows an electrode configuration according to the invention, which is composed of an exposure detection electrode arrangement and a position detection electrode arrangement.
• the exposure detection electrode arrangement By means of the exposure detection electrode arrangement the exposure (length and surface area, respectively, of the exposure) is detected.
• the position detection electrode arrangement By means of the position detection electrode arrangement the position of a finger F is detected relative to the electrode configuration.
• the exposure detection electrode arrangement is formed by the electrodes El and E2.
• the position detection electrode arrangement is formed by the electrodes E2 and E3. Therefore, the electrode E2 constitutes a common electrode for the exposure detection electrode arrangement and the position detection electrode arrangement.
• the electrode El is operated as receiving electrode Rx and the electrodes E2 and E3 each are operated as transmitting electrodes Tx, wherein the electrode E3 is loaded with a generator signal, which is inverse with respect to the generator signal, which is applied to electrode E2.
• the position of the finger F relative to the electrode configuration is detected, wherein in calculating the position the exposure is accounted for (see formula 2 above).
• the electrodes El and E2 each are operated as a transmitting electrode and the electrode E3 is operated as receiving electrode.
• the electrode El is loaded with a generator signal, which is inverse with respect to the generator signal, which is applied to electrode E2. It may be provided for that the position only then is detected and determined, respectively, when the exposure exceeds a predetermined threshold value. In doing so, the energy consumption may be lowered significantly, which in particular is advantageous in devices and handheld devices, respectively, operated by means of a battery or a rechargeable battery.
• Fig. 3 (b) shows an electrode configuration according to the invention, which is composed of two position detection electrode arrangements.
• the first position detection electrode arrangement is formed by electrodes El and E2, wherein the electrode El is arranged in an acute angle with respect to electrode E2.
• the second position detection electrode arrangement is formed by the electrodes E2 and E3, wherein the electrode E3 is arranged in an acute angle with respect to electrode E2. Therefore, electrode E2 forms a common electrode for the two position detection electrode arrangements.
• the electrode El is operated as receiving electrode and the electrodes E2 and E3 are operated as transmitting electrodes.
• the generator signal applied to electrode E2 is inverse with respect to the generator signal applied to electrode E3.
• a first position POS 1 is measured.
• the electrode E3 is operated as receiving electrode and the electrodes E2 and El are operated as transmitting electrodes.
• the generator signal applied to electrode E2 is inverse with respect to the generator signal applied to electrode El .
• a second position POS2 is measured.
• POS F inger POSl - POS2.
• Fig. 3 (e) shows an electrode configuration according to the invention, which is composed of two position detection electrode arrangements and one exposure detection electrode arrangement.
• the first position detection electrode arrangement is formed by electrode El and E2, wherein electrode El is arranged in an acute angle with respect to electrode E2.
• the second position detection electrode arrangement is formed by electrodes E2 and E3, wherein electrode E3 is arranged in an acute angle with respect to electrode E2. Therefore, electrode E2 forms a common electrode for the two position detection electrode arrangements.
• the exposure detection electrode arrangement is formed by electrodes E3 and E4, wherein electrode E3 substantially is arranged parallel to electrode E4. Therefore, electrode E3 forms a common electrode for the second position detection electrode arrangement and the exposure detection electrode arrangement.
• electrode E4 is operated as receiving electrode Rx and electrodes El and E3 each are operated as transmitting electrodes Tx, wherein electrode E3 is loaded with a generator signal, which is inverse with respect to the generator signal, which is applied to electrode El .
• the detection of the exposure substantially is carried out independent of the grounding conditions of the sensor system.
• the position of the finger F relative to the electrode configuration is detected, wherein during the calculation of the position the exposure is accounted for (see formula 2 above).
• the electrodes El and E3 each are operated as transmitting electrodes and the electrode E2 is operated as receiving electrode.
• the electrode El is loaded with a generator signal, which is inverse with respect to the generator signal, which is applied to electrode E3. It may be provided for that the position only then is detected and determined, respectively, when the exposure exceeds a predetermined threshold value. In doing so, the energy consumption may be reduced significantly, which in particular is advantageous in devices and handheld devices, respectively, operated by a battery or a rechargeable battery.
• the electrode configuration shown in Fig. 3 (c) has the advantage over the electrode configuration shown in Fig. 3 (a) that the transmitting electrodes El and E3 do not have to be switched in between the measurement of the exposure and the measurement of the position.
• a further advantage over the electrode configuration of Fig. 3 (a) is that the measurement signal (sensor signal) shows a larger amplitude during the measurement of the position and has a better linearity with respect to the position.
• Fig. 3 (d) shows an electrode configuration according to the invention, which is composed of two position detection electrode arrangements.
• the first position detection electrode arrangement is formed by electrodes El and E2, wherein electrode El is arranged in an acute angle with respect to electrode E2.
• the second position detection electrode arrangement is formed by electrodes E3 and E4, wherein electrode E3 is arranged in an acute angle with respect to electrode E4.
• electrode E2 here substantially is arranged parallel to electrode E3.
• electrode E2 may also be arranged in an acute angle with respect to electrode E3.
• the electrodes El and E4 are operated as transmitting electrodes -Tx and +Tx, respectively, during the measurement of the exposure as well as also during the measurement of the position.
• the electrodes E2 and E3 are operated as receiving electrodes -Rx and + Rx, respectively, during the measurement of the exposure as well as also during the measurement of the position.
• the electrode El is loaded with a generator signal, which is inverse with respect to the generator signal, which is applied to electrode E4.
• the absorption effect substantially takes place between the electrodes Tx/Rx arranged adjacent to each other.
• the distance of the second Tx electrode to the Rx electrode is larger than the distance of the first Tx electrode to the Rx electrode, so that the effect of the second Tx electrode on the Rx electrode and on the absorption effect, respectively, is neglectably small (and because of the shielding effect of the first Tx electrode).
• the electrodes of the respective electrode configuration are shown as lines and as thin and substantially rectangular electrodes, respectively.
• all or some of the electrodes are formed in a curved manner as shown in Fig. 4a, for example to linearize the position dependency of the sensor signals or to create a predefined different position dependency. Furthermore it is feasible that all or some of the electrodes are formed in a buckled manner, so that the individual segments of an electrode each have a different acute angle with respect to the adjacent electrode as shown in Fig. 4b.
• the electrodes also may be configured comprising differing width or a width varying along the length as shown in Fig. 4c, by means of which substantially the coupling capacity to the finger is influenced. This again influences the ground dependency of the sensor system (Tx to finger) and also the disturbing signal interference of the system (finger to Rx). For an optimal independence from ground the coupling capacities from +Tx to the hand and from -Tx to the hand are equal in size. This may be realized by means of an identical electrode width of +Tx and -Tx.
• Fig. 5 shows an electrode configuration according to the invention in which the electrodes substantially are configured circular and circular arc shaped, respectively.
• the electrode configuration shown in Fig. 5 comprises four electrodes El, E2, E3 and E4, wherein the electrodes El and E2 are formed uniformly (for example circular or ellipsoidal) and the electrodes E3 and E4 are formed in a curved manner (for example circular arc shaped, semicircle shaped or spiral arc shaped).
• the circular shaped electrodes El and E2 substantially are arranged concentrically with respect to each other.
• the semicircle shaped electrodes E3 and E4 substantially are arranged excentric with respect to the circular shaped electrodes El and E2.
• the concentric arrangement of the circular shaped electrodes El and E2 substantially corresponds to the parallel arrangement of the electrodes of the electrode configurations shown in Fig. 2a and Fig. 3.
• the electrodes E3 and E4 shaped in a semi-circular manner and arranged excentric with respect to the electrodes El and E2 in each case together with the electrode E2 form a position detection electrode arrangement by means of which the position of an object relative to the electrode configuration may be detected and measured, respectively.
• the semi-circular shaped electrodes E3 and E4 have a larger radius than the outermost of the two circular shaped electrodes El and E2.
• the semicircular shaped electrodes also may have a smaller radius than the inner one of the two circular shaped electrodes El and E2.
• semi-circular shaped electrodes, which have a smaller radius than the inner one of the two circular shaped electrodes El and E2 are shown with the reference numerals E3' and E4'.
• the electrode arrangement shown in Fig. 5 may be used for implementing a rotary encoder or a control dial (also known as wheel), for example in order to implement a loudness control in a music playing device.
• a rotary encoder or a control dial also known as wheel
• the thumb may be put onto the electrode configuration and may be moved continuously in circles, i.e. along the electrodes. In doing so, by means of the electrodes El and E2 arranged concentrically with respect to each other the exposure is detected and measured, respectively, independent of the position and across 360°.
• the position is detected and measured, respectively, with the help of the two semi-circular shaped electrodes E3 and E4 as well as with the help of the circular shaped electrode El or E2, wherein the position between 0° and 180° is detected using the electrode E3 and the position between 180° and 360° is detected using the electrode E4. In doing so, an unambiguous measurement of the angle position as well as the detection of a continuous runningturning" are provided.
• the layout shown in Fig. 5 corresponds to the layout shown in Fig. 3(a).
• Fig. 6 shows a further embodiment of an electrode configuration according to the invention comprising substantially circular shaped and semi-circular shaped electrodes, respectively.
• the electrode configuration shown in Fig. 6 substantially comprises at least two electrode configurations according to Fig. 5 arranged into each other.
• a two-dimensional input becomes feasible: a) the detection along the respective electrode configurations (control dial) and b) the detection of the position along an X and Y axis.
• Fig. 7 shows a further exemplary embodiment of an electrode configuration according to the invention, which substantially consists of eight electrode configurations as shown in Fig. 3(a) to Fig. 3(d).
• the electrode configurations each are arranged in an angle of 45° with respect to each other.
• more or less than eight electrode configurations may be provided.
• the angle may vary.
• six electrode configurations may be provided, which each are arranged in an angle of about 30° relative to one another.
• using the electrode layout shown in Fig. 7 a detection of the position along an X and Y axis is feasible.
• the activation of the electrodes of the electrode configurations according to the invention preferably is not carried out individual, but the electrodes of the electrode configurations are connected to each other such that a reduction of the connections is feasible without interfering with an unambiguous evaluation of the signals.
• Fig. 8 to Fig. 11 each show basic circuit diagrams of the electrode configurations (layouts) according to the invention shown in Fig. 3(a) to Fig. 3(d).
• a square wave generator with, for example, 100 kHz activates two driver components at the outputs of which then generator signals +Tx and -Tx, respectively, shifted in phase by 180°, are present, which are applied to the transmitting electrodes (see table 1 above).
• the measurement signal - a capacitive current or alternating current, respectively, - is tapped at the receiving electrodes, fed to an analog frontend AFE and amplified and conditioned in the analog frontend AFE, for example high- and/or low-pass filtered.
• the amplified and conditioned signal is digitized in an analog to digital converter A/D and processed in a digital signal processing not shown here in detail.
• the electrode configurations according to Fig. 3(a) and Fig. 3(b) have electrodes, which are operated as transmitting or receiving electrodes. At least two measurements are provided for (see table 1 above), for which the respective electrodes then are switched to the respective transmitter and receiver, respectively. All of the circuitries shown here are configured such that always two transmitting electrodes are activated at the same time, namely by signals shifted in phase with respect to each other by 180° (i.e. inverted).
• Fig. 8 shows a basic circuit diagram for the electrode configuration of Fig. 3(a).
• the electrode configuration shown in Fig. 3(a) has the advantage that in the idle mode of the sensor system only one measurement (for detecting the exposure) has to be carried out in order to detect whether a user is approaching the sensor system. Starting from a predetermined minimum exposure (or another suitable threshold value) then a second measurement (for detecting the position) is carried out in order to calculate the position.
• a capacitor Ccomp is provided between Rx and -Tx and between -Tx and Rx, respectively.
• the capacitor Ccomp may be realized in discrete form or in form of a conductor path coupling.
• the capacitor Cc om p approximately corresponds to the coupling capacity between Tx and Rx in the idle state of the sensor system.
• the measurement signal in the idle state of the sensor system becomes approximately zero, by means of which it is feasible to increase the amplification of the analog frontend AFE and thereby to increase the sensitivity of the sensor.
• Providing one or more respective capacities Ccomp also is feasible in circuitry configured according to the basic circuit diagrams according to Fig. 8, Fig. 10 and Fig. 11.
• Fig. 10 shows a basic circuit diagram for the electrode configuration of Fig. 3(c).
• Fig. 11 shows a basic circuit diagram for the electrode configuration of Fig. 3(d).
• the above described capacitive sensor systems and electrode configurations as well as modifications according to the invention therefrom may be provided in electric devices, in particular electric handheld devices, in order to equip the handheld device with additional user interfaces and man-machine interfaces, respectively.
• the electric device and electric handheld device respectively may be a smart phone, a mobile radio unit, a computer mouse, a device remote control, a digital camera, a game controller, a mobile mini-computer, a tablet-PC, a dictating machine, a media player or the like.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
• Human Computer Interaction (AREA)
• Measurement Of Length, Angles, Or The Like Using Electric Or Magnetic Means (AREA)
• Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
• Remote Sensing (AREA)
• Position Input By Displaying (AREA)

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