WO2013041097A1 - Circuit électronique - Google Patents

Circuit électronique Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2013041097A1
WO2013041097A1 PCT/DK2011/050358 DK2011050358W WO2013041097A1 WO 2013041097 A1 WO2013041097 A1 WO 2013041097A1 DK 2011050358 W DK2011050358 W DK 2011050358W WO 2013041097 A1 WO2013041097 A1 WO 2013041097A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
motor
modulator
signal
detector
electronic circuit
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/DK2011/050358
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Preben Bo Fich
Curt Michael Petersen Willadsen
Original Assignee
Ideassociates (Iom) Limited
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Ideassociates (Iom) Limited filed Critical Ideassociates (Iom) Limited
Priority to PCT/DK2011/050358 priority Critical patent/WO2013041097A1/fr
Publication of WO2013041097A1 publication Critical patent/WO2013041097A1/fr

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P7/00—Arrangements for regulating or controlling the speed or torque of electric DC motors
    • H02P7/0094—Arrangements for regulating or controlling the speed or torque of electric DC motors wherein the position is detected using the ripple of the current caused by the commutator

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an electronic circuit, more specifically to an electronic circuit adapted to be interposed between a me- chanically commutated electric motor and a motor controller adapted for supplying a power supply signal for said mechanically commutated electric motor.
  • this object is achieved by the provision of an electronic circuit adapted to be connected to a mechanically commutated electric motor and to a motor controller adapted for supplying a power supply signal to said mechanically commutated electric motor, said electronic circuit comprising a pair of input terminals adapted for connection to said motor controller and a pair of output terminals adapted for connection to said motor, a spike detector having a detector input and a detector output and being adapted to provide detector output signal on said detector output in response to a detection of a spike in a signal on said detector input, a modulator having a modulator input and a modulator output and being adapted to provide a modulator output signal in response to a modulator input signal provided to said modulator input, a power supply circuit for supplying said spike detector and said modulator, where the detector input is connected to said pair of output terminals and the detector output is connected to said modulator input, so as to provide the detector out- put signal as said modulator input signal, and where said modulator output is connected
  • the object is achieved by a method for improving position detection of a mechanically commutated motor using means for ripple counting on the supply leads to said motor, detecting using a spike detector a commutation of said electric motor, modulating an enhancement signal onto said supply leads in response to said detection, detecting, using said means for ripple counting, the sum of said enhancement signal and ripple peaks, estimating the position of said motor based on a number of detection of said sum of said enhancement signal and ripple peaks.
  • the object is achieved by an electric motor comprising an electronic circuit according to the first aspect of the invention.
  • motors which can be used directly with existing motor controllers, may be manufactured and sold.
  • the input of the spike detector is separated from the output of said modulator by inductive filter means. This suppresses the influence on the spike detector from the superposed modulator signal.
  • the modulator is adapted for providing said modulator output signal, which is delayed with respect to said detection of a spike.
  • the modulation may take place when the motor current is at minimum, the modulated signal thereby influencing the motor efficiency as little as possible.
  • the electronic circuit is adapted to be interposed between a mechanically commutated electric motor and a motor controller adapted for supplying a power supply signal to said mechanically commutated electric motor.
  • the electronic circuit is located in a self-contained unit with plug and socket means. This allows the circuit according to the invention to easily be retrofitted in existing systems already having ripple counting means included in the controller for the electric motor.
  • the circuit is supplied via the supply leads to the mechanically commutated electric motor. This allows the circuitry to be readily interposed between the motor and the controller for the electric motor, e.g . as a self-contained unit.
  • the electronic circuit is integrated in the motor. This allows plug and play, where the electric motor is connected to the motor controller in exactly the same way as prior art motors, i .e. using only two terminals,
  • the elec- tronic circuit is in that case located within the motor housing .
  • the electronic circuit thus being protected, and hidden for users, for which the detectable signal is not of relevance.
  • Fig . 1 shows a block diagram of an electronic circuit according to the invention interposed between a motor and the motor controller
  • Figs. 2a - 2c show details of the electronic circuitry of the spike detector block of fig . 1,
  • Fig . 3 shows details of the electronic circuitry of the mod ulator block of Fig . 1,
  • Fig . 4 shows a schematic example of the electronic circuit according to the invention being accommodated in a self-contained unit to be interposed between the electric motor and the motor controller, and
  • Figs. 5a to 5d show sig nals at va rious places in the circuitry of figs. 2a - 2c and 3.
  • the motor is a mechanically commutated electric DC motor, i .e. with brushes and commutators.
  • the motor can be any type of me- chanically commutated motor, such as a permanent mag net motor or a universal motor.
  • the permanent magnet motor may include rare earth magnets.
  • the motor 1 is supplied by a supply signal on the motor terminals 2 via supply wires 3 from a motor controller 4 adapted for ripple count on the supply wires 3, i.e. fitted with a sensor-less current ripple interface (SLC).
  • the power supply signal would typically be a pulse width modulated signal, but other forms of power supply signals, including pure DC signals, may also be used.
  • the supply wires 3 or the motor in conjunction with the motor terminals 2 may incorporate filtering means in the form of inductances 5. Also, further filtering means in the form of one or more capacitors 6 may be provided. Often filtering circuits of this type are built into the motor in order to suppress electromagnetic noise, and ensure electromagnetic compatibility.
  • a spike detector 7 has an input 8 connected to supply wires 3 at or close to the motor terminals 2.
  • the spike detector 7 is supplied via a power supply 28 connected to the supply wires 3 to the electric motor 1, but preferably separated from the input of the spike detector 7 by filtering means such as the inductors 5.
  • the power supply 28 need not be very advanced, but could simply consist of a direct connection to the supply wires 3, possibly with a smoothing capacitor in parallel with the load, i.e. the spike detector 7 so as to form a low pass RC filter in connection with a resistor.
  • the spike detector 7 is adapted to detect the spikes occurring at the instance of commutation of the electric motor 1. In response to a spike detection in a signal on said detector input 8 the spike detector 7 provides a detector output signal on a detector output 9.
  • the detector output signal is used as an input signal to a modulator 10.
  • the output 11 of the modulator 10 is coupled to the supply wires 3.
  • the modulator 10 applies a modulation signal in the form of a pulse onto the supply wires 3. Since the number of spikes from the commutation is equal to the number of pulses in the modulation signal, which, in turn, is equal to the number of ripples generated by the electric motor on the supply wires, these pulses enhance the ripple and makes it more easily detectable by the sensor-less current ripple interface (SLC) in the motor controller 4.
  • SLC sensor-less current ripple interface
  • Figs. 2a-2c, and 3 a detailed embodiment of one way of implementing the block diagram of Fig. 1 is shown.
  • the electric motor 1 the supply wires 3, and, connected to the supply wires 3, the modulator 10, are shown .
  • the inductors 5 and capacitors 6 are configured slightly different than in the schematic block diagram of Fig . 1, and basically reflects a typical built-in filter configuration of an electric motor.
  • the circuitry continues in Fig . 2a as indicated by connection points A+ and A-.
  • the detector part of the spike detector 7 comprises three capacitors 29, 12 and 13 and a preferably trimmable potentiometer 14. Also included are two Zener diodes 15, 16 serving to limit the signal .
  • two fixed value resistances could be used, so as to form two snubber circuits, one for each supply wire 3.
  • the output signal from the spike detector part of the spike detector, as provided between capacitor 13 and potentiometer 14 is supplied to a difference amplifier circuit comprising an operational amplifier 17 on the line 30 and amplified to form an amplified output signal at D.
  • the amount of amplification depends inter alia on the motor, but a typical amplification would be approximately ten times.
  • the waveform of the amplified output signal as measured at measuring point PI is shown as the upper curve in Fig . 5a.
  • the amplified output signal presented at D is passed through a positive peak finder comprising a diode 18, a potentiometer 19 (or if the motor type is a known type, for which the resistance necessary has been determined, a fixed value resistor) and a capacitor 20 in order to suppress negative peaks.
  • a positive peak finder comprising a diode 18, a potentiometer 19 (or if the motor type is a known type, for which the resistance necessary has been determined, a fixed value resistor) and a capacitor 20 in order to suppress negative peaks.
  • Such negative peaks could derive from the modulation as will be explained later, but the positive peak finder also smoothes out the situations where opposite located brushes do not commutate simultaneously or cases where one or more brushes bounce during commutation, e.g . if the motor is worn or not well manufactured, or in harsh environments where the motor is subjected to vibrations. In some cases this positive peak finder may be unnecessary, and can thus be considered optional .
  • the output of the positive peak finder at P is used as an input to an operational amplifier 21 configured as a Schmitt trigger in Fig . 2c, which provides a square wave signal on the output 22 of the operational amplifier.
  • the waveform of the output of the positive peak finder as measured at measuring point P2 is shown in Fig. 5b, and the waveform of the square wave signal from the Schmitt trigger at measuring point P3 is shown in Fig. 5c.
  • the output 22 of the Schmitt trigger is connected to a further operational amplifier 23 configured as a differentiator.
  • the differentiator generates an impulse on the output G corresponding to the trailing slope of the square wave signal from the Schmitt trigger.
  • the waveform of the impulses output of the differentiator at measuring point P4 is shown in Fig. 5d.
  • the impulses on the output G are used as the input for the modulator 10, which in turn modulates a current signal onto the supply current signal from the motor controller.
  • modulation can be performed in many different ways.
  • the currently preferred way produces the current signal by basically short-circuiting or shunting the motor 1 temporarily.
  • the output G is connected to the gate of a FET transistor 24.
  • the transistor 24, however, can be of any suitable type.
  • the gate of the transistor 24 receives the impulse from the differentiator, the transistor 24 conducts, and the motor 1 is short-circuited, preferably through a limiting resistor 25.
  • the waveform of the current impulse as measured at measuring point P5 is shown as the lower of the two curves in Fig. 5a. Even though this current impulse involves some ringing, it is nonetheless readily detectable by the sensor-less current ripple interface in the motor controller 4.
  • the superposed current impulses are generally located where the motor current is the least. This has the effect that the modulated signal hardly influences on the output power of the electric motor 1. It also has the effect of limiting the unde- sired ringing of the modulated current signal.
  • the entire circuitry may be power supplied from the current on the supply wires.
  • the electronic circuitry may be self-contained and e.g. take the form of a unit 26. Fitted with appro- priate terminals 27, or plug and socket parts corresponding to those on the supply wires 3 from the motor controller 4 and the electric motor 1, as illustrated in Fig. 4, the unit with the circuitry according to the invention may simply be interposed between the electric motor 1 and the supply wires from the motor controller. Providing a suitable enhanced signal detectable by the sensor-less current ripple interface in the motor controller 4, can thus be achieved in a very simple manner.
  • the invention evidently also lends itself to direct integration in the elec- trie motors, as electric motors typically contain electronics anyway. If not advanced electronics, then at least the above mentioned filter circuitry for electromagnetic compatibility.
  • the electronic circuit may be integrated in the motor.
  • the electronic circuit is located within the motor housing, or within a housing part containing the other elec- tronic circuitry, such as the filters, of the electric motor.
  • the electronic circuitry is thus not only protected, but also hidden for the user.
  • the motor will in that case present itself as any other prior art motor to the user.
  • the motor may thus be connected to the motor controller in the exact same manner as any other electric motor with two terminals.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Control Of Motors That Do Not Use Commutators (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un circuit électronique conçu pour être interposé entre un moteur électrique (1) commuté mécaniquement et un contrôleur de moteur (4) destiné à piloter ledit moteur électrique (1) commuté mécaniquement. Le circuit électronique comprend un détecteur de pics (7) conçu pour fournir un signal de sortie de détecteur en réponse à la détection d'un pic. Le circuit électronique comprend un modulateur (10) conçu pour fournir un signal de sortie de modulateur en réponse à un signal d'entrée de modulateur provenant du détecteur de pics (7). La sortie de modulateur (11) est connectée aux bornes d'entrée du moteur (1) afin de superposer le signal de sortie du modulateur au signal d'alimentation électrique provenant du contrôleur de moteur (4).
PCT/DK2011/050358 2011-09-22 2011-09-22 Circuit électronique WO2013041097A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/DK2011/050358 WO2013041097A1 (fr) 2011-09-22 2011-09-22 Circuit électronique

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/DK2011/050358 WO2013041097A1 (fr) 2011-09-22 2011-09-22 Circuit électronique

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2013041097A1 true WO2013041097A1 (fr) 2013-03-28

Family

ID=44801945

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/DK2011/050358 WO2013041097A1 (fr) 2011-09-22 2011-09-22 Circuit électronique

Country Status (1)

Country Link
WO (1) WO2013041097A1 (fr)

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE10242406A1 (de) 2002-09-12 2004-03-25 Robert Bosch Gmbh Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Erfassung der Drehzahl eines Gleichstrommotors
US20060076913A1 (en) * 2004-10-12 2006-04-13 Rodrian James A Method and apparatus for controlling a dc motor by counting current pulses
EP1772954A2 (fr) 2005-10-04 2007-04-11 Delphi Technologies, Inc. Détection de position et système de multiplexage d'un contrôleur externe pour des moteurs à courant continu
EP1929623A1 (fr) 2005-09-05 2008-06-11 Ideassociates (IOM) Limited Procédé de commande de moteur électrique commuté mécaniquement
WO2010040349A1 (fr) 2008-10-10 2010-04-15 Ideassociates (Iom) Limited Système et procédé d'alimentation électrique pour commander un moteur électrique à commutation mécanique

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE10242406A1 (de) 2002-09-12 2004-03-25 Robert Bosch Gmbh Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Erfassung der Drehzahl eines Gleichstrommotors
US20060076913A1 (en) * 2004-10-12 2006-04-13 Rodrian James A Method and apparatus for controlling a dc motor by counting current pulses
EP1929623A1 (fr) 2005-09-05 2008-06-11 Ideassociates (IOM) Limited Procédé de commande de moteur électrique commuté mécaniquement
EP1772954A2 (fr) 2005-10-04 2007-04-11 Delphi Technologies, Inc. Détection de position et système de multiplexage d'un contrôleur externe pour des moteurs à courant continu
WO2010040349A1 (fr) 2008-10-10 2010-04-15 Ideassociates (Iom) Limited Système et procédé d'alimentation électrique pour commander un moteur électrique à commutation mécanique

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