Classifications

• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
  • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
  • B05B1/00—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means
  • B05B1/14—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means with multiple outlet openings; with strainers in or outside the outlet opening
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01D—SEPARATION
  • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
  • B01D53/14—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by absorption
  • B01D53/18—Absorbing units; Liquid distributors therefor
  • B01D53/185—Liquid distributors
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
  • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
  • B05B1/00—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means
  • B05B1/02—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to produce a jet, spray, or other discharge of particular shape or nature, e.g. in single drops, or having an outlet of particular shape
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
  • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
  • B05B1/00—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means
  • B05B1/02—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to produce a jet, spray, or other discharge of particular shape or nature, e.g. in single drops, or having an outlet of particular shape
  • B05B1/06—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to produce a jet, spray, or other discharge of particular shape or nature, e.g. in single drops, or having an outlet of particular shape in annular, tubular or hollow conical form
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
  • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
  • B05B1/00—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means
  • B05B1/34—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to influence the nature of flow of the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. to produce swirl
  • B05B1/3405—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to influence the nature of flow of the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. to produce swirl to produce swirl
  • B05B1/341—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to influence the nature of flow of the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. to produce swirl to produce swirl before discharging the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. in a swirl chamber upstream the spray outlet
  • B05B1/3415—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to influence the nature of flow of the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. to produce swirl to produce swirl before discharging the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. in a swirl chamber upstream the spray outlet with swirl imparting inserts upstream of the swirl chamber

Definitions

• the present invention relates generally to spray nozzle assemblies, and more particularly, to a spray nozzle assembly adapted for more effectively directing a plurality of conical spray patterns for flue gas scrubbing, cooling, and other industrial processing.
• a problem with such spray nozzles is that the vortexes of the swirling liquid sprays can cause a drilling effect on the nozzle body that reduces wear life of the nozzle. Tight control of spray droplet size and spray coverage also is required for efficient operation. Heretofore, such spray nozzles sometimes are ineffective in generating fine spray particles and spray patterns adapted for optimum efficiency in processing. Such nozzles also commonly require right angle installation on the liquid supply pipe or boom that increases resulting torque on the nozzle and the need for a more robust supply piping. Such nozzles also can be difficult to manufacture and are subject to the risk of clogging.
• Another object is to provide a multiple whirl spray nozzle assembly as
• a further object is to provide a spray nozzle assembly of the above kind which has a design that is easily adaptable for directing full cone or hollow cone spray discharges for particular spray applications.
• a related object is to provide such a nozzle assembly that has selectively designed whirl imparting vanes for producing difference conical spray patterns and liquid distributions from the multiple discharge orifices of the nozzle assembly.
• Still another object is to provide such a spray nozzle assembly which is adapted for generating broader spray patterns effective for more efficient gas scrubbing and other processing applications.
• Another object is to provide such a spray nozzle assembly that has liquid flow passages aligned for reducing torque on the liquid supply piping for the nozzle assembly.
• Yet another object is a spray nozzle assembly of the foregoing type that is less susceptible to clogging.
• Another further object is to provide a spray nozzle assembly of the above kind which is relatively simple in design and which is adapted for economical manufacture.
• Figure 1 is a side elevational view of a multiple whirl spray nozzle assembly in accordance with the invention mounted on a liquid supply boom;
• FIG. 2 is a side elevational view of the spray nozzle assembly shown in FIG. 1 ;
• FIG. 3 is a vortical section of the illustrated spray nozzle assembly taken in the plane of line 3-3 in FIG. 2;
• FIG. 4 is an enlarged fragmentary section of one of the vane inserts of the illustrated spray nozzle assembly, taken in the plane of the axial flow passage;
• FIG. 5 is a transverse section taken in the plane of line 5-5 in FIG. 4;
• FIG. 6 is an enlarged perspective of one of the vanes of the illustrated spray nozzle assembly
• FIG. 7 is an end view of a modified embodiment of the vane insert adapted for generating a full cone spray pattern
• FIG. 8 is an end view of an alternative modified embodiment of the vane insert for generating a full cone spray pattern
• FIG. 9 is an end view of an alternative modified embodiment of the vane insert adapted for generating a hollow cone spray pattern
• FIG. 10 is a perspective of an alternative embodiment of a spray nozzle assembly in accordance with the invention.
• FIG. 1 1 is a side elevational view of the spray nozzle assembly shown in FIG. 10;
• FIG. 12 is a vertical section of the spray nozzle assembly shown in FIG. 1 1 ;
• FIG. 13 is a perspective of another alternative embodiment of a spray nozzle assembly in accordance with the invention.
• FIG. 14 is a side elevational view of the spray nozzle assembly shown in FIG. 13;
• FIG 15 is a vertical section of the spray nozzle assembly shown in FIG. 14.
• an illustrative spray nozzle assembly 10 in accordance with the invention mounted in depending fashion from a liquid supply boom 1 1 for directing a plurality of conical spray discharge patterns.
• the liquid supply boom 1 1 may supply slurry or other liquids from a liquid supply to a plurality of such nozzle assemblies 10 suspended from the boom for direction into discharging flue gases in a gas scrubbing system or for other processing applications.
• the illustrated nozzle assembly 10 includes a nozzle body 15 having an inlet or upstream body portion 16 having a central liquid passageway 18 communicating with the liquid supply boom 1 1 and a pair of outwardly diverging downstream hollow body portions 19 that each define a respective outwardly angled passage 20 communicating with a respective discharge orifice 21.
• the discharge orifices 21 in this case are defined by a cylindrical passage section having an inwardly converging conical entry section 21a and an outwardly radiused terminal section 21b for directing a conical spray discharge.
• the hollow body portions 19 in this instance have cylindrical configurations with respective flow axes 24 oriented at an acute angle 0 with respect to each other and disposed in a common plane to a flow axis 25 of the central liquid passage 18.
• the upstream body portion 16 has inwardly angled side walls 26, as viewed in Figure 1, that transcend into the outer cylindrical side walls of the cylindrical body portions 19.
• the cylindrical body portions 19 in this case have respective inner side walls, as viewed in FIG. 3, that define an upstream V-shaped divider wall portion 28 for dividing the liquid flow stream from the central flow passage 18 into the respective cylindrical body portion passages 20.
• each angled passage has a respective selectively designed vane insert for imparting swirling motion to liquid passing through the angled passages for direction from the discharge orifices in conical spray patterns with pre-determined flow characteristics for the particular spray application.
• each angled flow passage 20 has a respective vane insert 30 telescopically housed within the flow passage 20.
• Each vane insert 30 in this instance is disposed in seated engagement with a counter bore 31 (FIG. 4) in the respective cylindrical body portion 15 for defining a downstream cylindrical whirl chamber 32 between the vane insert 30 and the discharge orifice 21.
• each vane insert 30 defines a pair of helical passages 3 la,3 lb, for imparting swirling movement to the liquid as it is directed through the van insert 30.
• one vane 30 is designed for imparting swirling movement to the liquid in one vortical direction, while the other vane 30 is designed for imparting swirling movement in an opposite vortical direction such that swirling actions of the discharging spray patterns from the angled passages tend to cancel each other out without undesirable influence on the flow of discharging flue gases.
• Each illustrated vane insert 30 has a one-piece cast construction that includes four vane segments, 32a,32b, and 34a,34b, each disposed within a respective quadrant of the angled passage 20.
• the segments 32a,32b are disposed in diametrically opposed quadrants adjacent an upstream end of the vane insert 30, and segments 34a,34b, are disposed in diametrically opposed quadrants adjacent a downstream end of the vane insert.
• the segments 32a,34a furthermore, are disposed on one diametric longitudinal side of the passage 20, and the segments 32b,34b are disposed in an opposite diametric longitudinal side of the passage 20.
• the segments 32a,34a are separated from the segments 32b,34b by a diametric plane 33 passing through the longitudinal axis of the vane.
• the upstream segments 32a,32b of each vane insert 30 are formed with substantially flat ramp surfaces 37a,37b and 36a,36b, respectively, on an upstream side thereof which, in conjunction with the cylindrical passage 20 of the nozzle body, define inlets to the respective flow passages 31 a,3 lb.
• the ramp surfaces 36a,36b which are inclined in a downstream direction guide incoming liquid into the vane passages 31a,31b in a generally axial direction.
• Each ramp surface 36a,36b extends to a respective concave, radiused surface 44a, 44b formed on upstream sides of the segments 34a,34b, which again are disposed in diametrically opposed relation to each other.
• the concave surfaces 44a,44b For imparting tangential movement to the flow streams directed through the vane flow passage 31 a,3 lb, the concave surfaces 44a,44b have partial cylindrical configurations with their axes of curvature perpendicular to the vane axis and parallel to the planes of the respective upstream ramp surfaces 36a,36b.
• the concave surfaces 44a,44b preferably have a radius of about one-half the diameter of the vane.
• the downstream or undersides of the segments 32a,32b which define the ramp surfaces 36a,36b are formed with concave, radiused surfaces 45a,45b.
• the concave surfaces 45a,45b are again partially cylindrical in form and preferably have the same radius as the concave surfaces 44a,44b with the axes of the curvature parallel to the axis of curvature in the concave surfaces 44a,44b.
• the underside surfaces of the segments 34a,34b which define the concave surfaces 44a,44b are formed with flat ramp surfaces 513 ⁇ 451 ⁇ similar to the lead in ramp surfaces 36a,36b of the segments 32a,32b, but oppositely inclined.
• the design of the vane 30 will enable free passage of relatively large solids that may be in slurries or other liquid flow streams supplied to the nozzle assemblies.
• the spray nozzle assembly 10 is adapted for economical manufacture for selective spray applications.
• the nozzle body 15 and vane inserts 30 each may be individually molded from green silicon carbide and an appropriate binder, with the vane inserts 30 thereupon being assembled into the nozzle body 15 in the green state. Once assembled, the nozzle assembly may be debonded and sintered by techniques known in the art for driving off the binder and intimately and hermetically bonding the vane inserts within the nozzle body passages 20.
• the vane inserts 30 further lend themselves to easy design modification for particular spray applications. In the embodiment illustrated in FIGS.
• the segments 32a,34a and 34a,34b have transverse edges that define a straight line in the diametric plane 33 of the vane extending through the center of the vane.
• Such nozzle design has been found to generate a discharging full cone spray pattern with fine particles distributed throughout the conical pattern.
• the radial edges of the segments 32a,34a, and 32b,34b may be recessed from the straight line by a small angle as depicted in FIG. 7 such that a gap 60 is defined between the segments 32a,34a, and 32b,34b.
• FIG. 7 a small angle as depicted in FIG. 7
• one or both of the downstream segments 34a,34b are formed with an angled recess to define the gap 60.
• the vanes 30 will direct a full cone spray pattern with a heavier distribution of particles throughout the pattern.
• a rectangular cut or opening 61 could be provided in the center part of the downstream vane segments for defining the gap, as depicted in FIG. 8. This cut preferably should be limited to no more than 1 ⁇ 4 of the diameter of the vane in terms of length and width.
• a substantially hollow spray cone spray pattern can be generated by the vane insert 30 with little or no liquid particle distribution within the interior of the hollow cone.
• one vane could be designed for generating a full cone spray discharge while, with minor modification, the other vane could be designed for generating a hollow cone spray pattern.
• a spray nozzle may have a greater multiplicity of said liquid directing hollow body portions 15, such as shown in FIGS. 10-12 wherein the nozzle 10 includes three liquid discharging hollow body portions 15 communicating with a common central passage 18, and FIGS. 13-15 wherein the spray nozzle has four liquid discharging hollow body portions 15 communicating with a central passage 18.
• the angled passages 20 defined by the hollow body portions 15 extend at an acute angle to the axis of the central passage 18 and includes a selectively-designed whirl imparting vane 30, as described above, for the particular spray application.

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• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
• General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• Nozzles (AREA)

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Citations (6)

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• 2011
  • 2011-08-22 WO PCT/US2011/048605 patent/WO2013028165A2/en active Application Filing
  • 2011-08-22 KR KR1020147007247A patent/KR101881188B1/ko active IP Right Grant
  • 2011-08-22 CN CN201180073241.3A patent/CN103826720B8/zh active Active

Patent Citations (6)

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