WO2013026354A1

WO2013026354A1 - Construction process of arch shed storage silo with super-large-span frame

Info

Publication number: WO2013026354A1
Application number: PCT/CN2012/079828
Authority: WO
Inventors: 朱新颖; 牛尚洲; 刘煜
Original assignee: 徐州中煤百甲重钢科技有限公司
Priority date: 2011-08-19
Filing date: 2012-08-08
Publication date: 2013-02-28
Also published as: CN102337785B; CN102337785A

Abstract

A construction process for an arch-shed storage silo with a super-large-span frame comprises: first, according to local meteorological conditions and on the basis of worst-case meteorological conditions and arch-shed physical parameters, obtaining, by means of a CFD numerical wind tunnel calculation technology and a finite element algorithm, dimensions for each frame node rod piece, namely a ball diameter for each node and the geometric parameters of rod pieces mounted thereon, and drawing a construction drawing comprising at least the serial number of each node and the number of rod pieces at each node; then dividing the construction steps among basic-unit installation and cantilever-unit installation. As there is no need for full-site scaffolding, the construction process is time-saving, material-saving, safe and reliable.

Description

Construction technology of super large span grid arch shed storage silo

Technical field

The invention relates to a method for manufacturing a logistics device, in particular to a method for manufacturing a steel structure grid storage bin, in particular to a super-long span grid arch shed storage with a span of more than 100 meters and a height of more than 60 meters. Silo construction process. Background technique

At present, with the rapid development of China's economy and environmental protection requirements, coal, electricity, cement, chemical and other industries are increasingly demanding particulate raw materials such as coal, and their storage facilities have also been developed on a large scale. These storage facilities are mainly used to store granulated, powdered raw materials that are environmentally friendly and shelter from wind and rain, protecting not only the loss of raw materials but also the operating equipment.

As the scale of coal mines, power plants, and cement plants grows larger and the requirements for environmental protection become higher and higher, the number and scale of storage silos are also increasing. The span, height, and storage capacity are also increasing. The technical requirements are also getting higher and higher.

At present, the storage silos used in society are generally divided into two structural forms: one is a round (ball) shaped dome storage silo, and the other is an arched storage silo, which is a large span. Space structure, suitable for bolt ball net frame design and manufacture.

Bolted ball net frame arch shed structure can be widely used in industrial and civil buildings. It is mainly used in civil buildings in large-span public buildings such as stadiums, airport terminals, hangars, railway stations, conference centers, etc. In various storage bins, sheds and various large-span factories, warehouse roofs, etc.

In recent years, the span of the bolt-and-ball net arch shed has been developed from 40-60m to 100-120m, and has a tendency to develop to 130-140m. The construction area is also from 1-3 million m ² to the current 5-10. Million m ² , and further development to 100,000-200,000 m ² , its reserves are also from 1-3 million tons to the current 50,000-100,000 tons, and gradually developed to 200,000 tons, the structure is also made of traditional reinforced concrete, The steel truss is developed to the grid and tube truss structure. Because the bolt-and-grid arch shed is a space structure system, its force characteristics are superior, and it can be made into a super-span, over-sized arch shed product, which cannot be replaced by other structures.

Bolt ball net frame arch shed structure, the traditional construction process is mostly full house red scaffolding, the cost of scaffolding will account for 1/3 of the entire building cost, and the construction period is long and the safety is poor.

According to statistics, in China, the rapidly developing industries in recent years have generated a large demand for raw materials. The annual storage area of over 100 meters of monolithic surface and more than 20,000 m ² of single-arc storage sheds exceeds 100. In particular, in recent years, the price of coal has increased substantially. The owners have a strong consensus on the benefits of establishing coal storage bins to reduce the loss of coal and to protect the stacker and reclaimer. Therefore, regardless of the new and old mining areas. They are all investigating and looking for both cost savings and national environmental protection requirements. The structural form, and the requirement for the span is getting larger and higher, and the height is getting higher and higher. The super-large span grid structure coal storage bin arch shed has become one of the preferred structures. The above situation has been widely affected by the dry coal shed of electricity, cement. , the raw material stacking of steel systems, etc. Domestic storage silos for new projects in coal, steel, cement and other industries have been listed as one of the necessary environmental protection projects, and they are required to be designed, constructed and put into use simultaneously with their main structures. Moreover, from the current structural conditions, there are no other structural forms that can replace it, no matter whether it is a cross-line truss or a cable-membrane structure. However, due to the influence of traditional design and construction concepts, the amount of steel used for super-long span grid arch sheds with a span of more than 100m is generally around 80kg/n, and the construction period is from June to December, and the cost is above 1200-1500 yuan/m ² . This not only directly affects the cost of the storage silo structure, but also affects the promotion of the market.

In summary, the construction of super-large span storage silos, especially the super-large span arch storage silos, is a development trend with broad market prospects, but how to reduce the current steel consumption to a reasonable level under the premise of ensuring safety, The construction period is reduced to 3-6 months, and the cost is less than 1000 yuan/m ² , which is the key to improving market competitiveness. Summary of the invention

The object of the invention is to solve the problems of long cycle, complicated process, high cost and large steel consumption in the construction of the existing super-long span storage bin, and the invention can reduce the steel content, convenient construction, quality assurance and safety. Reliable super-long span grid arch shed storage silo construction process.

The technical solution of the present invention is:

A super-long span grid arch shed storage silo construction process, characterized in that it comprises the following steps:

Firstly, according to the local meteorological conditions, according to the most unfavorable meteorological conditions and the physical parameters of the arch shed, the CFD numerical wind tunnel calculation technique and the finite element algorithm are used to obtain the dimensions of the grid node rods, that is, the diameter of the ball head of each node and the installed on it. The geometric parameters of the rods are drawn, and the construction drawings are drawn. The construction drawings shall include at least the number of each node and the number of rods of each node. Secondly, according to the calculation results, the preliminary calculation of the node rods, that is, the small unit, is pre-completed on the ground. Connection, arranged by node number, can also complete the initial connection of the node bar, ie, the small unit, according to the node number of the construction drawing during the construction process; Third, complete the installation of the basic unit, the basic unit is at least three-section arch module The axial length of each arched module is between 12 and 18 meters; firstly, the small arch unit is connected near the installation position to form a corresponding arch module, and one side of the two arched modules connected to the ground is connected Connected to the ground foundation, the other side is supported by the support tower, and then the middle arch module is lifted by the tower crane, so that the two sides are divided The base unit is connected to the cantilever end of an arched module that has been connected to the ground foundation to complete the installation of the basic unit. If the number of arched modules is greater than or equal to four, a support tower having a number equal to one arched module minus one should be constructed. In order to obtain the proper support during the installation process of the intermediate arch module;

Fourth, from the two sides of the basic unit, the small unit is used for the cantilever installation at both ends of the arch shed, and the cantilever installation must be circled. The circle is closed to ensure the overall rigidity of the grid, and the installation of the entire grid is completed;

Fifth, after the installation of the grid is completed, the subsequent panels and internal equipment are installed.

The span is not less than 100 meters and the height is not less than 60 meters.

In order to speed up the installation progress, each arch shed can be provided with more than one basic unit along the length of the arch shed.

The supporting tower is a bolt-connected tool-type movable frame for recycling, and the foundation of the supporting tower is made of a simple platform of 15 woods and steel plates according to the height and bearing condition of the bracket, 15-30 meters. For the integral steel cap, concrete caps should be used for more than 30 meters; the supporting towers should be installed with good application cable wind ropes; and the anti-skid fulcrums should be made at the top of the supporting towers to ensure reliable support for the lower strings of the nets.

The beneficial effects of the invention:

1. The invention adopts a computer simulation wind tunnel technology, and changes the original integral arch shed wind tunnel test into a wind load simulation test of a grid node, which greatly increases the accuracy of the test. At the same time, the overall structure calculation is changed to the node model calculation, and the obtained structure can more accurately reflect the stress of the node, so the accuracy is higher; instead of the laboratory wind tunnel test, the time is reduced and the cost is saved.

2. The present invention employs a refinement load distribution to set the grid size based on changes in the load from top to bottom. Therefore, the design calculation method is more scientific and reasonable, and the steel consumption is saved to the utmost extent.

3. In the absence of mature design methods, the combination of finite element calculation program and various grid-specific design software, relative verification, reduce the steel content (span 110m, steel-containing) under the condition of ensuring structural safety The amount is 30kg/n _{; the} span is 120m, and the steel content is 35-40kg/m ² ).

4. In order to ensure structural safety, the simulation calculation of the most unfavorable wind load in the most unfavorable structural form during the construction process has been added, which has obtained the basis for the construction safety and the feasibility of the construction plan. The calculation basis was verified.

5. The invention divides the structural construction into two construction sections of a basic stabilization unit and a high-altitude cantilever small unit, and the stability unit is a load-bearing structure installed by a cantilever small unit at a high altitude, that is, the bearing capacity of the structure itself is subjected to subsequent construction. The load is very scientific. It highlights the contradictory focus and simplifies the construction process. It is a breakthrough in technical solutions.

6. With the installation method of the invention, the installation cost is greatly reduced, only 1/2 of the traditional installation cost, the construction period is only 1/3, and the quality is guaranteed, safe and reliable.

7. The invention can reduce the cost for the owner and increase the use space, which not only lays a foundation for social promotion, but also lays a foundation for the development of a larger span.

8. The present invention lays the foundation for the construction of a very large-scale storage silo.

9. In the first day of the month, the full-frame red tripod was cancelled, and the super-long span grid was decomposed into two parts: the stable unit and the bulk unit. The new construction scheme of ground assembly and high-altitude assembly saved the cost, shortened the construction period and stabilized the quality. , Safe and secure. DRAWINGS

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Figure 1 is a front elevational view of a support tower of the present invention.

Figure 2 is a plan view of Figure 1.

Figure 3 is a schematic top plan view of the basic unit of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a schematic view showing the installation of a two-stage arch module connected to the ground foundation in the three-stage basic unit of the embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a schematic view showing the hoisting of the arch module of the middle section in the three-stage basic unit of the embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 6 is a schematic view showing the installation of a two-section arch module connected to the ground foundation in the four-segment basic unit of the embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 7 is a schematic view showing the hoisting of an arched module of an intermediate section of the four-segment basic unit of the embodiment of the present invention. Figure 8 is a schematic view showing the arching module of an intermediate section of the four-section basic unit of the embodiment of the present invention hoisted in position.

Figure 9 is a schematic view showing the hoisting of the arched module of another intermediate section of the four-segment basic unit of the embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of the four-segment basic unit assembly after the assembly of the embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 11 is a schematic view of the construction site installation during the aerial overhang installation of the present invention.

Fig. 12 is a schematic view showing the hoisting of the lower chord small unit of the present invention.

Figure 13 is a schematic view showing the hoisting of the upper chord small unit of the present invention. detailed description

The invention will now be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

As shown in Figure 1-13.

A super-long span grid arch shed storage silo construction process, which comprises the following steps:

Firstly, according to the local meteorological conditions, according to the most unfavorable meteorological conditions and physical parameters of the arch shed, the span is more than 100 meters, the height is 60 meters, and the reserve is 80,000 tons. The CFD numerical wind tunnel calculation technique and the finite element algorithm are used to obtain the dimensions of the grid node rods. , that is, the diameter of the ball head of each node and the geometric parameters of the rods installed thereon, drawing the construction drawings, the construction drawing should include at least the number of each node and the number of rods of each node; the specific calculation method can be used The calculation method of the spherical storage bin in the invention patent of the application No. 200810244134.2 which the applicant applied for earlier is implemented;

Secondly, according to the calculation result, the initial stage of the node member, that is, the small unit (Fig. 12, 13) is completed in advance on the ground. Step connection, arranged by node number, or in the construction process, according to the node number of the construction drawing, the initial connection of the node rod, that is, the small unit;

Thirdly, the installation of the basic unit is completed. The basic unit is composed of at least three arched modules, and the axial length of each arched module is between 12 and 18 meters; firstly, the small unit is connected in the vicinity of the installation position to form a corresponding The arched module connects one side of the two arched modules connected to the ground to the ground foundation, and the other side is supported by the supporting tower, and then the middle arched module is lifted by the tower crane so that the two sides are respectively The cantilever ends of the arched modules that are connected to the ground foundation are connected to complete the installation of the basic unit. If the number of arched modules is greater than or equal to four, a support tower with a number equal to one less than the number of arched modules should be constructed to Make the intermediate arch module get the proper support during the installation process;

Fourthly, high-altitude cantilever installation is carried out from both sides of the basic unit to the two ends of the arch shed by the small unit. When the cantilever is installed, the loop must be closed to ensure the overall rigidity of the grid, and the installation of the entire grid is completed;

Details are as follows:

First, refine the node load, innovate the grid structure design, and reduce the steel content.

1. The CFD numerical wind tunnel technology is used to replace the wind tunnel simulation test, so that the calculated value is closer to the actual safety and reliability, so as to reduce the test cost and save the design time.

2. Optimize the grid layout, select the most unfavorable load combination according to the local wind speed and the actual situation of the building, refine the load value and accurately distribute it to each grid node. Obtain the relationship between load parameters and economic indicators.

3. Using the finite element calculation method, the cross section of the rods of each node of the grid is obtained, and the grid structure drawing is designed. Since the load is refined to the grid node during the design process, the section of the rod can be selected according to the load value, so the steel content can be reduced by 10-15% compared with the conventional design.

Second, the installation of the entire arch shed is completed by the following construction process

The basic principle: The project is divided into two basic sections: the basic stability unit and the high-altitude cantilever. Firstly, at least one 12-18m (about 4-6 grids) of the basic stable unit grid is installed along the length of the grid. The stable unit structure is subjected to the subsequent construction load, and the small unit is formed by high-altitude bulk molding and successively extended to complete the entire grid structure.

Construction process of basic stabilizing unit: The construction of the basic stabilizing unit grid is not only to complete its own structural installation, but also to have the ability to withstand the construction load of the subsequent construction stage, called the basic unit. Depending on the length of the building and the requirements of the process, 4-6 grids (typically 12-18 m) widths are selected along the middle (or end) of the building to meet the structural stiffness requirements to withstand subsequent construction loads.

2.1 Construction process: Construction preparation one* Measurement release line~► Bracket installation~ Starting unit ground segment assembly ~ ^ Starting unit aerial docking ~ ^ Small unit hollowing out in bulk "► Body ^

2.2 Construction preparation:

2.2.1 According to the design drawings and installation instructions, train the personnel who participated in the installation, and do a good job in technology and safety. 2.2.2 Prepare the tools used to ensure good performance.

2.2.3 Carry out the inspection of the incoming components, and then take the sampling test, and make the inspection records of the incoming components.

2.2.4 Sort the incoming rods and bolt balls, according to the specifications and parts of use, clear the points, separate the stacks, and make the marks for use.

2.2.5 Prepare the relevant quality testing equipment and ensure that the quality inspection record form is in the inspection cycle and the whole process. 2.3 Measurement release line:

The cross line is laid on the top surface of the foundation, and the installation error of the embedded parts is strictly checked. The position, elevation and level tolerance of the embedded parts of the supporting surface should meet the requirements of the specification.

2.4 Support tower installation:

2.4.1 For ease of recycling, the support tower shall be made of a bolt-on tool-type movable frame, as shown in Figures 1 and 2.

2.4.2 Supporting tower foundation According to the height and bearing condition of the bracket, a simple cap can be made up of 15 m or less with road wood and steel plate, 15-30 m can be made into an integral steel cap, and a concrete cap should be made more than 30 m. .

2.4.3 Install the support tower according to the design position and elevation, and secure it with cable wind rope. The top of the support tower should be made of anti-slip fulcrum to ensure reliable support for the lower string of the grid.

2.5 Basic unit installation:

2.5.1 The basic unit of the grid is to first form a space structural unit with a certain rigidity to withstand the construction load. Generally, the width of the entire grid is 4-6 grids (as shown in Fig. 3).

2.5.2 When assembling the basic unit, it is generally divided into three blocks: A, B and C. Firstly, the ground assembly is completed near the installation position. Since the block is arched during assembly, it should be supported to prevent deformation. It is good to spray the last coat before lifting.

2.5.3 Installation of Sections A and B The assembled ends of A and B are first hoisted to the design position, one end is fixed on the support, and the other end is temporarily fixed on the installed support tower (as shown in Figure 4). Show).

2.5.4 Installation of Section C:

After the installation and adjustment of sections A and B are completed, install the C section with four cranes, and dock with the B section in the air to complete the overall closing of the starting unit (as shown in Figure 5).

2.5.5 When docking in the air, the bolts between the segments must be fastened in place to form a unitary joint, and finally closed into a stable arch. Shape structure. If there is an error when closing, apply the reverse chain even tension adjustment to eliminate the error to complete the closure, and then test the parameters of the closed arch structure, and meet the requirements before proceeding to the next process.

2.6 For spans greater than 110m, three towers shall be provided, and the grid shall be divided into four sections A, B, C and D. According to the method of 2.5.3, the second sections of A and B shall be first installed on the two towers ( As shown in Figure 6).

2.6.1 After installation and adjustment of sections A and B, install C section with four cranes and dock with section A in the air (as shown in Figure 7).

2.6.2 When the C-segment is completed in the air, the bolt connection should be checked and the flatness meets the requirements of the specification (as shown in Figure 8).

2.6.3 D-segment docking in the air (as shown in Figure 9).

2.6.4 After completing the air docking, check the connection between the segments in a unified manner. The bolts must be tightened in place and the closing tolerances are eliminated as required by the construction specifications (as shown in Figure 10).

Third, the installed basic unit is a stable installation unit, and cantilevered in high altitude.

3.1 After completing the closing of the grid, it can enter the high-altitude bulk stage. The crane can be installed on both sides at the same time. It is required that the cantilever should be closed when the cantilever is installed. The support is fixed according to the design requirements to ensure the overall rigidity of the grid. (As shown in Figure 11).

3.2 In order to speed up the installation progress, the high-altitude bulk of the grid frame is propelled from the middle of the reticulated shell to the two ends along the length direction. When the high-altitude bulk is fixed, the support is fixed according to the design position, and then the ring is closed from the bottom to the top, and gradually closed to the two. The end extends until it is all completed.

3.3 When the high-altitude bulk is installed, the installation personnel can be divided into two parts, one part is assembled with the ground small unit, and the other part is installed at high altitude. The installation procedure is as follows: First, the ground assembly personnel shall assemble the grid to be installed on the ground according to the drawings. Small unit, use the crane to hang the small unit to the corresponding position of the installed grid in the air, and the high-altitude operation personnel complete the connection between the small unit and the grid.

3.4 small unit ground assembly

The ground small unit is also called a triangular cone, that is, a small unit composed of a node ball and four to five rods on the ground. The small unit is divided into a lower string small unit and a winding small unit. When the ground is assembled, all the rods should be assembled once. The installation is securely in place.

3.5 small unit installation

Attach the three tethers to the ball end and the upper (lower) chord (see Figures 13 and 12). The length of the three tethers should be controlled so that the hoisted tripod is close to the actual installation position in the air. The deflection angle should not be Too large to facilitate the connection of high-altitude installers. Use a crane to lift the small unit to the installation position. After the installer receives the corresponding mounting rod, connect the high-strength stud to the stud hole. When the grid is installed, the high-strength bolt should be tightened into place, and the contact surface of the non-ribbed nut is not allowed. There are gaps that can be observed by the naked eye. In the initial connection, three to five threaded screws should be screwed first. According to the installation situation of other installers, after all the bolts are installed, the high-strength bolts are tightened into place. Avoid one, two high-strength bolts die first, this This will cause other high-strength bolts to be difficult to install in place.

3.6 Large-span truss in the high-altitude assembly process due to the weight of the truss will produce a certain degree of deflection, if the deflection exceeds the assembly affects the normal installation and structural safety, to solve this problem, generally use the erection support tower, with the jack top support, the installation is good The grid deflection is controlled within the allowable range.

The parts not covered by the present invention are the same as the prior art or can be implemented by the prior art.

Claims

Claim

1. A super-long span grid arch shed storage silo construction process, characterized in that it comprises the following steps:

Firstly, according to the local meteorological conditions, according to the most unfavorable meteorological conditions and the physical parameters of the arch shed, the CFD numerical wind tunnel calculation technique and the finite element algorithm are used to obtain the dimensions of the grid node rods, that is, the diameter of the ball head of each node and the installed on it. The geometrical parameters of the members, drawing the construction drawings, the construction drawings shall include at least the number of each node and the number of rods of each node;

Secondly, according to the calculation result, the preliminary connection of the node rods, ie, the small unit, is pre-completed on the ground, arranged according to the node number, and the initial connection of the node rods, ie, the small unit, can also be completed according to the node number of the construction drawing during the construction process. ;

Third, complete the installation of the basic unit, the basic unit is composed of at least three arched modules, each of which has an axial length of 12-18 meters; firstly, a small unit is connected in the vicinity of the installation position to form a corresponding The arched module connects one side of the two arched modules connected to the ground to the ground foundation, and the other side is supported by the supporting tower, and then the middle arch module is lifted by the tower crane so that the two sides are respectively The cantilever ends of the arched modules that are connected to the ground foundation are connected to complete the installation of the basic unit. If the number of arched modules is greater than or equal to four, a support tower with a number equal to one less than the number of arched modules should be constructed to Make the intermediate arch module get the proper support during the installation process;

2. The construction process of a super-long span grid arch shed storage bin according to claim 1, wherein the span is not less than 100 meters and the height is not less than 60 meters.

3. The construction process of a super-long span grid arch shed storage bin according to claim 1, wherein the arch shed can be provided with more than one basic unit along the length of the arch shed for accelerating the installation progress.

4. The construction process of a super-long span grid arch shed storage bin according to claim 1, wherein the support tower is a bolt-connected tool-type movable frame for recycling, and the base of the support tower is according to the height of the bracket. And the bearing condition, the simple cap is made of road wood and steel plate below 15 meters, the integral steel cap is used for 15-30 meters, the concrete cap is used for 30 meters or more; the supporting cable is fixed and the cable is fixed firmly; Make a non-slip fulcrum at the top of the support tower to ensure reliable support for the lower string of the grid.