WO2013020385A1 - 一种工程机械的箱形结构件、臂架系统和工程机械 - Google Patents

一种工程机械的箱形结构件、臂架系统和工程机械 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2013020385A1
WO2013020385A1 PCT/CN2012/074035 CN2012074035W WO2013020385A1 WO 2013020385 A1 WO2013020385 A1 WO 2013020385A1 CN 2012074035 W CN2012074035 W CN 2012074035W WO 2013020385 A1 WO2013020385 A1 WO 2013020385A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
structural member
box
shaped structural
boom system
arm
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Application number
PCT/CN2012/074035
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
李韶茂
宋师伟
段艳兵
Original Assignee
湖南三一智能控制设备有限公司
三一重工股份有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Publication date
Application filed by 湖南三一智能控制设备有限公司, 三一重工股份有限公司 filed Critical 湖南三一智能控制设备有限公司
Publication of WO2013020385A1 publication Critical patent/WO2013020385A1/zh

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
    • B66C23/00—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes
    • B66C23/62—Constructional features or details
    • B66C23/64—Jibs
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
    • E04G21/00—Preparing, conveying, or working-up building materials or building elements in situ; Other devices or measures for constructional work
    • E04G21/02—Conveying or working-up concrete or similar masses able to be heaped or cast
    • E04G21/04—Devices for both conveying and distributing
    • E04G21/0418—Devices for both conveying and distributing with distribution hose

Definitions

  • the present invention provides a component of a construction machine, and more particularly to a box-shaped knot member of a construction machine, and to a boom system and a construction machine including the box-shaped structural member.
  • box-shaped structural members are commonly used as structural members in construction machinery; for example, the arm portions of the boom system and the corresponding portions of the legs are usually provided as box-shaped structural members.
  • the box-shaped structural member generally comprises a structural member body located on the outer side, and an intermediate cavity is formed in the structural member body; the structural member body is adapted to bear a corresponding load, and the intermediate cavity structure can reduce the weight of the structural member.
  • the boom system is widely used in pump trucks and distribution booms to transport concrete or other materials. It is also used in construction machinery such as cranes to lift predetermined items.
  • the boom system generally includes a multi-joint arm, and the large end of the lowermost end arm is hingedly connected to the predetermined chassis through a vertical axis, the arm is called a root end arm, and the lower end of the arm is called a root end;
  • the large end of the other pitch arms and the small end of the adjacent pitch arms near the root end are hinged by a horizontal hinge axis, such that the multi-joint arms are sequentially hingedly connected by the horizontal hinge axes; the endmost pitch arms are outwardly extended,
  • the outer end of the boom arm forms the end of the boom system; a drive mechanism such as a hydraulic cylinder is disposed between the adjacent joint arms to cause a predetermined change in the angle between the adjacent joint arms, and the position of the end of the boom system is changed.
  • each joint arm not only bears the force generated by the load, but also the force between the joint arm and the joint arm, the driving mechanism and the joint arm; therefore, each section The arm should have a higher strength to improve the load carrying capacity.
  • the boom system is an elongated structure as a whole, during the transportation process, the change of the end position of the boom system, the action of the driving mechanism and the sloshing of the load itself cause the arm to be subjected to vibration or torsion;
  • Each section of the arm needs to have a high resistance to buckling load and the ability to dampen vibration.
  • the working environment of the boom system is relatively bad, and the boom system is inevitably damaged by collision with buildings, equipment or other items. Therefore, the arm is required to have high impact resistance.
  • the pitch arm is usually a box-shaped structural member; in order to ensure the performance of the pitch arm, it is generally increased by The wall thickness of the knuckle arm and the provision of reinforcing ribs improve the strength of the knuckle arm, the ability to dampen vibration, the buckling resistance and the ability to withstand impact. However, this will undoubtedly increase the overall weight of the boom and boom system, increasing the cost and control difficulty.
  • the strength of the legs is usually increased by increasing the wall thickness of the box-shaped structural members of the legs, which also increases the weight of the legs.
  • a second object of the present invention is to provide a boom of a boom system which can greatly improve the damping vibration and buckling resistance while improving the impact resistance without greatly increasing the weight.
  • the present invention provides a boom system formed by the above-described pitch arms and a construction machine including the above-described box-shaped structural member or boom system.
  • the box-shaped structural member of the construction machine provided by the present invention comprises a structural member body, the structural member body forming an intermediate cavity; and the intermediate cavity is filled with a sandwich material having a density lower than that of the material of the structural member body.
  • the core material is a foam material.
  • the foam material is a metal foam material, an organic polymer foam material or an inorganic non-metal foam material.
  • the box-shaped structural member is a pitch arm of the boom system; in the intermediate cavity, the hardness of the core material is gradually reduced from the large end portion to the small end portion.
  • the material of the structural member body is metal or composite material.
  • the box-shaped structural member is a component of a leg of the construction machine.
  • the boom system provided by the present invention includes a plurality of pitch arms that are sequentially hingedly connected by a horizontal hinged shaft, and the pitch arms are any of the above-described box-shaped structural members.
  • the hardness of the core material in the pitch arms near the end of the boom system is less than the hardness of the core material in the pitch arms away from the end of the boom system.
  • the construction machine provided by the present invention comprises a chassis and a boom system, and the boom system is the above A boom system in which a root end arm of the boom system is mounted.
  • Another construction machine provided by the present invention comprises a chassis and a leg, the leg being mounted on the chassis, the leg comprising a box-shaped structural member of the first, 2, 3 or 6 construction machines.
  • the invention provides a box-shaped structural member of a construction machine, comprising a structural member body, wherein the structural member body forms an intermediate cavity; the intermediate cavity is filled with a sandwich material having a predetermined density and an elastic modulus, and the density of the sandwich material is smaller than the structural member body The density of the material. Due to the low specific gravity of the core material, the weight of the box-shaped structural member is limited after the filling of the core material, so that the weight of the box-shaped structural member is not greatly increased.
  • the sandwich material has a corresponding elastic modulus, and has excellent absorption performance against impact and vibration energy, and the sandwich material fills the intermediate cavity of the structural member body, so that the box-shaped structural member forms a solid structure; The strength of the box-shaped structural member is increased.
  • the core material is a foam material. Since the foam material has isotropic characteristics, filling the intermediate cavity with the foam material can maintain the uniformity of the performance of each part of the box-shaped structural member and improve the overall performance of the box-shaped structural member.
  • the box-shaped structural member is the arm of the boom system
  • the arm buckling ability and the ability to dampen vibration can be greatly improved, thereby greatly improving the stability of the boom system; meanwhile, the core material is filled.
  • the intermediate cavity of the arm body forms a solid structure for the arm, which can greatly increase the impact tolerance and internal pressure of the arm and improve the impact resistance of the arm.
  • the hardness of the core material in the pitch arm near the end of the boom system is less than the hardness of the core material in the joint arm away from the end of the boom system, so that the pitch arm forms a structure with a gradual change in performance;
  • the arm of the arm near the chassis has a higher resistance to buckling, vibration damping and impact resistance, thereby improving the overall performance of the boom system.
  • the construction machine provided by the present invention also has corresponding technical effects.
  • FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional structural view of a boom arm of a boom system provided by the present invention
  • Figure 2 is a cross-sectional structural view taken along line A-A of Figure 1.
  • FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 are cross-sectional structures of the boom arm of the boom system provided by the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional structural view taken along line AA of FIG. 1.
  • the arm of the boom system provided by the present invention comprises a pitch arm body 100; in this example, the arm body is a box-shaped structural member formed by a steel plate, and an intermediate cavity is formed in the arm body; the intermediate cavity is filled with a density of less than 100 kg/m. 3 of the foam material, forming an intermediate 200. Due to the lower specific gravity of the foam material, the weight of the intermediate body 200 formed after filling the foam material is small in proportion to the total weight of the pitch arm, so that the increased weight of the filled foam material is negligible with respect to the total weight of the pitch arm.
  • the foam material has a corresponding elastic modulus, and thus has excellent absorption properties against impact and vibration energy, so that the intermediate body 200 can absorb a certain impact and vibration energy, and the buckling resistance and damping vibration of the pitch arm are The ability is greatly improved, and the stability of the arm and boom system is improved.
  • the foam fills the intermediate cavity of the pitch arm body 100, so that the joint arm forms a solid structure, which can improve the impact tolerance and internal pressure of the joint arm and improve the impact resistance of the joint arm.
  • the foam material may be a rigid foam material; the rigid foam material is a foam material having a compression modulus of more than 700 MPa.
  • the intermediate body 200 is formed of a rigid foam material, the anti-stability performance of the boom system can be better improved, and the impact resistance of the boom arm can be improved.
  • Different foam materials may also be filled in different portions of the intermediate cavity according to actual needs, for example: the intermediate cavity of the arm body 100 includes a large head cavity region and a small head cavity region at the large end portion of the pitch arm and the small end portion. The hardness of the foam material in the large head cavity region can be made larger than the hardness of the foam material in the small head cavity region.
  • the large end of the knuckle arm to have higher resistance to buckling, vibration damping and impact resistance. It is also possible to fill the intermediate cavity from the large end portion to the small end portion with different foam materials, so that the hardness of the intermediate body 200 is gradually reduced, so that the pitch arm forms a structure with a gradual change in performance.
  • the foam material may be a metal foam material, an organic polymer foam material or an inorganic non-metal foam material.
  • the metal foam material may be at least one of a foam material such as a magnesium metal foam, an aluminum metal foam, and a calcium metal foam;
  • the organic polymer foam may be polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polystyrene (PS), or polyurethane (PUR).
  • PVC polyvinyl chloride
  • PS polystyrene
  • PUR polyurethane
  • inorganic non-metallic foam It may be at least one of a foam material such as a glass foam or a silicone foam.
  • the material of the pitch arm body 100 is not limited to a steel plate or other metal material, and may be a non-metal composite material such as glass steel or the like.
  • the arm body 100 is not limited to forming a box-shaped structural member having a "mouth” shape in cross section, and may also be formed into a "field” or " ⁇ ” section. The specific structure of the shape or other shape.
  • the pitch arm body 100 When the pitch arm body 100 is a composite material, the pitch arm body 100 may be first formed, and then the intermediate cavity of the pitch arm body 100 may be filled with a foam material, or the intermediate body 200 may be first made of a foam material, and then the intermediate body. 200 forms a pitch arm body 100 for the mold, and a joint arm is produced.
  • the boom system provided by the present invention includes a plurality of pitch arms that are sequentially hingedly connected by a horizontal hinge axis, and the pitch arms can be any of the above-described pitch arms.
  • the intermediate cavity of the pitch arm body 100 can also be filled with different hardness foam materials according to the position of the pitch arm in the pitch arm system.
  • the stiffness of the foam material in the pitch arms near the end of the boom system can be made less than the stiffness of the foam material in the arms away from the end of the boom system.
  • the combination of the two can optimize the overall performance of the boom system.
  • the construction machine comprises a chassis and a boom system, wherein the boom system is a boom system of any of the above, and the bottom end of the root end arm of the boom system It is hingedly connected to the chassis via a vertical axis.
  • the material for filling the intermediate cavity of the pitch arm is not limited to the foam material, and may be other sandwich materials as long as the core material has a predetermined density, less than the density of the material of the pitch arm body 100, and has a predetermined
  • the elastic modulus can transmit the shearing force received by the pitch arm body 100 from the skin layer to the inner layer, which can absorb the impact, keep the arm body 100 stable under static and dynamic loads, and improve the instability of the arm. Performance; and the core material fills the intermediate cavity of the pitch arm body 100, thereby improving the impact resistance and damage resistance of the pitch arm, and achieving the object of the present invention.
  • the core material is not particularly limited to a rigid foam, but may be a honeycomb material, a balsa material, a non-foamed resin, a composite material or a trapezoidal plate.
  • the balsa can be Balsa balsa or honeycomb light wood and so on.
  • the density and elastic modulus of the core material can be smaller than the density and elastic modulus of the material of the arm body 100, respectively, and the arm arm damping vibration and the buckling resistance can be greatly improved while maintaining the weight of the arm not greatly increased. Improving the impact resistance performance achieves the object of the present invention.
  • the modulus of elasticity can be determined according to actual needs.
  • the shear modulus can be between 10MPa and 100 MPa
  • the compressive modulus of elasticity can be between 100MPa and 9000 MPa
  • the tensile modulus can be between 100MPa and 1000MPa.
  • the intermediate cavity of the box-shaped structural member of other parts of the construction machine can also The core material is filled; similarly, the strength of the box-shaped structural member can be greatly improved while maintaining the weight of the box-shaped structural member.
  • the core material may be filled in the intermediate cavity of the component; the corresponding component may be a support arm of the leg or the like.
  • Another construction machine is provided comprising a chassis and a leg, the legs being mounted on the chassis, the legs comprising the box-like structural members of the construction machine described above. Since the leg including the box-shaped structural member has the above technical effects, the construction machine including the leg also has a corresponding technical effect.
  • the description of the examples is only to assist in understanding the technical solutions provided by the present invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and changes to the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Vibration Prevention Devices (AREA)
  • Jib Cranes (AREA)

Abstract

公开了一种工程机械的箱形结构件、臂架系统及工程机械。工程机械的箱形结构件包括结构件本体，所述结构件本体形成中间腔；所述中间腔中填充有密度小于结构件本体的材料的密度的夹芯材料；其夹芯材料的密度根据要求选择的材料不同而不同。可以选择泡沫材料，泡沫材料可以为硬质泡沫材料。由于夹芯材料的比重较低，填充夹芯材料后箱形结构件重量增加有限。同时，夹芯材料具有相应的弹性模量，具有优良的对冲击、振动能量的吸收性能，夹芯材料填充箱形结构件的中间腔，使箱形结构件形成实心结构；大幅度地提高箱形结构件的强度。

Description

一种工程机械的箱形结构件、 臂架系统和工程机械 本申请要求于 2011 年 08 月 05 日提交中国专利局、 申请号为 201110224789.5、 发明名称为"一种工程机械的箱形结构件、 臂架系统和工 程机械 "的中国专利申请的优先权， 其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本发明提供了一种工程机械的部件， 特别涉及一种工程机械的箱形结 构件， 还涉及到包括该箱形结构件的臂架系统及工程机械。
背景技术
当前， 工程机械中常用箱形结构件作为受力结构件； 如臂架系统中的 节臂、 支腿的相应部分通常设置为箱形结构件。 所述箱形结构件一般包括 位于外侧的结构件本体， 在结构件本体内形成有中间腔； 结构件本体用于 承受相应负载， 中间腔结构可以减轻结构件的重量。
臂架系统广泛地应用在泵车和布料杆中， 以实现混凝土或其他物料的 输送， 也应用在起吊机等工程机械中， 以对预定的物品进行起吊作业。 臂 架系统一般包括多节节臂， 最下端节臂的大头端与预定的底盘通过一个竖 向轴铰接相连， 该节臂称为根端节臂， 该节臂的最下端称为根端； 其他节 臂的大头端与靠近根端的相邻的节臂的小头端通过水平铰接轴铰接，这样， 多节节臂通过水平铰接轴顺序铰接相连； 最末端的节臂向外伸出， 该节臂 的外端形成臂架系统末端； 相邻的节臂之间设置有液压缸等驱动机构， 以 使相邻的节臂之间角度产生预定的变化， 使臂架系统末端的位置改变， 以 将物料或物品运送到预定的位置。
在利用臂架系统进行运送过程中， 每节节臂不仅要承受负载产生的作 用力， 还要承受节臂与节臂之间， 驱动机构与节臂之间的作用力； 因此， 每节节臂要具有较高的强度， 以提高承载能力。 同时， 由于臂架系统在整 体上为一个长形结构， 在运送过程中， 臂架系统末端位置的改变、 驱动机 构的动作及负载本身晃动， 还会使节臂受到振动或扭转的作用力； 因此， 每节节臂需要具有较高的抗屈曲承载能力及阻尼振动的能力。 一般来讲， 在运送过程中， 臂架系统的工作环境比较恶劣， 臂架系统难免由于碰撞建 筑物、 设备或其他物品而损伤， 因此， 要求节臂具有较高的抗沖击能力。
由于节臂通常为箱形结构件； 为保证节臂的使用性能， 一般通过增加 节臂的壁厚、 设置加强筋等方式提高节臂的强度、 阻尼振动的能力、 抗屈 曲承载能力和抗沖击的能力。 但这样无疑会增加节臂及臂架系统的整体重 量， 增加成本和控制难度。
同样， 为了保证支腿的强度， 通常也通过增加支腿的箱形结构件的壁 厚提高支腿的强度， 这同样会增加支腿的重量。
因此， 如何在保持箱形结构件重量不大幅提高的同时， 大幅提高其强 度性能是本领域技术人员需要解决的技术问题。
发明内容
因此， 本发明的第一个目的在于， 提供一种工程机械的箱形结构件， 该箱形结构件能够在保持重量不大幅提高的同时， 大幅提高其强度性能。
本发明的第二个目的在于提供一种臂架系统的节臂， 该节臂能够在保 持重量不大幅提高的同时， 大幅提高其阻尼振动和抗屈曲承载的能力， 提 高抗沖击性能。
另外， 本发明还提供一种由上述节臂形成的臂架系统和包括上述箱形 结构件或臂架系统的工程机械。
本发明提供的工程机械的箱形结构件包括结构件本体， 所述结构件本 体形成中间腔； 所述中间腔中填充有密度小于结构件本体的材料的密度的 夹芯材料。
可选的， 所述夹芯材料为泡沫材料。
可选的， 所述泡沫材料为金属泡沫材料、 有机高分子泡沫材料或无机 非金属泡沫材料。
可选的， 所述箱形结构件为臂架系统的节臂； 所述中间腔中， 从大头 端部到小头端部， 所述夹芯材料的硬度逐渐减小。
可选的， 所述结构件本体的材料为金属或复合材料。
可选的， 所述箱形结构件为工程机械的支腿的部件。
本发明提供的臂架系统包括通过水平铰接轴顺序铰接相连的多个节 臂， 所述节臂为上述任一种箱形结构件。
可选的， 相邻的两节节臂中， 靠近臂架系统末端的节臂中的夹芯材料 的硬度小于远离臂架系统末端的节臂中的夹芯材料的硬度。
本发明提供的工程机械包括底盘和臂架系统， 所述臂架系统为上述任 一种臂架系统， 所述臂架系统的根端节臂安装在所述底盘上。
本发明提供的另一种工程机械包括底盘和支腿， 所述支腿安装在所述 底盘上， 所述支腿包括上述第 1、 2、 3或 6种工程机械的箱形结构件。
本发明提供工程机械的箱形结构件， 包括结构件本体， 所述结构件本 体形成中间腔； 中间腔填充具有预定密度和弹性模量的夹芯材料， 且夹芯 材料的密度小于结构件本体材料的密度。 由于夹芯材料的比重较低， 填充 夹芯材料后箱形结构件重量增加有限， 进而能够使箱形结构件的重量不大 幅提高。 同时， 夹芯材料具有相应的弹性模量， 具有优良的对沖击、 振动 能量的吸收性能， 夹芯材料填充结构件本体的中间腔， 使箱形结构件形成 实心结构； 进而这样可以大幅度地提高箱形结构件的强度。
在进一步的技术方案中， 所述夹芯材料为泡沫材料。 由于泡沫材料具 有各向同性的特点， 利用泡沫材料填充中间腔可以保持箱形结构件各部分 性能的均匀， 提高箱形结构件的整体性能。
在箱形结构件为臂架系统的节臂时， 这样可以使节臂的抗屈曲能力及 阻尼振动的能力大大提高，进而大幅度地提高臂架系统的抗失稳性； 同时， 夹芯材料填充节臂体的中间腔， 使节臂形成实心的结构， 这样可以大幅度 地提高节臂的沖击容限和内压， 提高节臂的抗沖击能力。
在提供的臂架系统中， 靠近臂架系统末端的节臂中的夹芯材料的硬度 小于远离臂架系统末端的节臂中的夹芯材料的硬度， 使节臂形成性能渐变 的结构； 这样可以使靠近底盘的节臂具有更高的抗屈曲能力、 阻尼振动的 能力和抗沖击能力， 进而提高臂架系统的整体性能。
在上述臂架系统的基础上， 本发明提供的工程机械也具有相对应的技 术效果。
附图说明
图 1是本发明提供的臂架系统的节臂的剖视结构示意图；
图 2是图 1中 A-A剖视结构图。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图对本发明进行详细描述， 本部分的描述仅是示范性和解 释性， 不应视为对本发明公开技术内容的限制。
请参考图 1和图 2, 该图是本发明提供的臂架系统的节臂的剖视结构 示意图， 图 2是图 1中 A-A剖视结构图。
本发明提供的臂架系统的节臂包括节臂体 100; 本例中， 节臂体为钢 板形成的箱形结构件， 在节臂体内形成中间腔； 中间腔中填充有密度小于 100kg/m3的泡沫材料， 形成中间体 200。 由于泡沫材料的比重较低， 填充 泡沫材料后， 形成的中间体 200的重量占节臂总重量比例很小， 因此相对 节臂总重量而言填充泡沫材料其增加的重量可以忽略。 另外， 泡沫材料具 有相应的弹性模量， 进而具有优良的对沖击、 振动能量的吸收性能， 这样 中间体 200就可以吸收一定的沖击和振动能量， 使节臂的抗屈曲能力及阻 尼振动的能力大大提高， 提高节臂及臂架系统的抗失稳性。 同时， 泡沫材 料填充节臂体 100的中间腔， 使节臂形成实心的结构， 这样可以提高节臂 的沖击容限和内压， 提高节臂的抗沖击能力。
根据实际需要， 泡沫材料可以为硬质泡沫材料； 硬质泡沫材料为压缩 弹性模量大于 700MPa的泡沫材料。在用硬质泡沫材料形成中间体 200时， 可以更好地提高臂架系统的抗失稳性能， 提高节臂的抗沖击能力。 也可以 根据实际需要， 在中间腔的不同部分填充不同的泡沫材料， 比如： 节臂体 100 的中间腔包括位于节臂的大头端部和小头端部的大头腔区和小头腔 区，可以使大头腔区中的泡沫材料的硬度大于小头腔区中泡沫材料的硬度。 这样就可以使节臂大头端具有更高的抗屈曲能力、 阻尼振动的能力和抗沖 击能力。 还可以在上述中间腔中， 从大头端部到小头端部， 用不同的泡沫 材料填充， 使中间体 200的硬度逐渐减小， 使节臂形成性能渐变的结构。
泡沫材料可以为金属泡沫材料、 有机高分子泡沫材料或无机非金属泡 沫材料。 金属泡沫材料可以为镁金属泡沫、 铝金属泡沫和钙金属泡沫等泡 沫材料中的至少一种； 有机高分子泡沫材料可以为聚氯乙烯（PVC) 、 聚苯 乙烯（ PS) 、 聚氨酯 （PUR) 、 丙烯腈- 苯乙婦 (SAN) 、 聚醚酰亚胺（ PEI) 及聚甲基丙烯酰亚胺（PMI) 、 三聚氰胺和酚酸树脂等泡沫材料中的至少一 种； 无机非金属泡沫材料可以为玻璃泡沫、 硅泡沫等泡沫材料中的至少一 种。
根据上述描述， 可以理解， 所述节臂体 100的材料不限于钢板或其他 金属材料， 也可以是非金属的复合材料， 如玻璃钢等等。 节臂体 100不限 于形成截面为 "口" 形的箱形结构件， 也可以形成截面为 "田" 或 "曰" 形或其他形状的具体结构。
在节臂体 100为复合材料时， 可以先制作节臂体 100, 然后再向节臂 体 100的中间腔内填充泡沫材料， 也可以先用泡沫材料制作中间体 200, 然后， 再以中间体 200为模具形成节臂体 100, 制作节臂。
在提供节臂基础上， 本发明提供的臂架系统包括通过水平铰接轴顺序 铰接相连的多个节臂， 节臂可以为上述任一种节臂。
根据实际需要， 还可以根据节臂在节臂系统中的位置， 利用不同硬度 泡沫材料填充节臂体 100的中间腔。 比如， 在相邻的两节节臂中， 可以使 靠近臂架系统末端的节臂中的泡沫材料的硬度小于远离臂架系统末端的节 臂中的泡沫材料的硬度。 这样可以使靠近底盘的节臂具有更高的抗屈曲能 力、 阻尼振动的能力和抗沖击能力， 进而提高臂架系统的整体性能； 在该 情形下， 使每节节臂形成性能渐变的结构， 二者的结合可以优化臂架系统 的整体性能。
在提供上述臂架系统的基础上， 本发明提供的工程机械包括底盘和臂 架系统， 所述臂架系统为上述任一种的臂架系统， 所述臂架系统根端节臂 的底端与底盘通过一个竖向轴铰接相连。
根据上述描述， 可以理解， 填充节臂中间腔的材料不限于泡沫材料， 也可以是其他夹芯材料，只要该夹芯材料具有预定的密度，小于节臂体 100 材料的密度， 且具有预定的弹性模量， 能够将节臂体 100受到的剪切力从 表皮层传向内层， 能够吸收沖击， 使节臂体 100在静态和动态载荷下都能 保持稳定， 提高节臂的抗失稳性能； 并且夹芯材料填充节臂体 100的中间 腔， 进而能够提高节臂的抗沖击和抗破坏性能， 实现本发明的目的。 夹芯 材料具体不限于硬质泡沫、 也可以是蜂窝材料、 轻木材料、 非泡沫结构的 树脂、 复合材料或梯形板。 轻木可以是 Balsa轻木或蜂窝结构的轻木等等。 夹芯材料的密度和弹性模量可以分别小于节臂体 100材料的密度和弹性模 量， 就可以在保持节臂重量不大幅提高的同时， 大幅提高节臂阻尼振动和 抗屈曲承载的能力， 提高抗沖击性能实现本发明的目的。 弹性模量可以根 据实际需要确定， 剪切模量可以在 10MPa~100 MPa之间， 压缩弹性模量 可以在 100MPa~9000 MPa之间，拉伸模量可以在 100MPa~1000 MPa之间。
基于上述描述， 工程机械的其他部分的箱形结构件的中间腔中也可以 填充夹芯材料； 同样，也可以在保持该箱形结构件重量不大幅提高的同时， 大幅提高其强度性能。
在支腿的相应部件为箱形结构件时， 可以在该部件的中间腔内填充夹 芯材料； 相应部件可以是支腿的支撑臂等等。 提供的另一种工程机械包括 底盘和支腿， 所述支腿安装在所述底盘上， 所述支腿包括上述的工程机械 的箱形结构件。 由于包括该箱形结构件的支腿具有上述技术效果， 包括该 支腿的工程机械也具有相对应的技术效果。 施例的说明只是用于帮助理解本发明提供的技术方案。 应当指出， 对于本 技术领域的普通技术人员来说， 在不脱离本发明原理的前提下， 还可以对 本发明进行若干改进和修饰， 这些改进和修饰也落入本发明权利要求的保 护范围内。

Claims

权 利 要 求
1、 一种工程机械的箱形结构件， 包括结构件本体， 所述结构件本体形 成中间腔； 其特征在于， 所述中间腔中填充有密度小于结构件本体的材料 的密度的夹芯材料。
2、根据权利要求 1所述的工程机械的箱形结构件， 其特征在于， 所述 夹芯材料为泡沫材料。
3、根据权利要求 2所述的工程机械的箱形结构件， 其特征在于， 所述 泡沫材料为金属泡沫材料、 有机高分子泡沫材料或无机非金属泡沫材料。
4、 根据权利要求 1-3任一项所述的工程机械的箱形结构件， 其特征在 于， 所述箱形结构件为臂架系统的节臂； 所述中间腔中， 从大头端部到小 头端部， 所述夹芯材料的硬度逐渐减小。
5、根据权利要求 4所述的工程机械的箱形结构件， 其特征在于， 所述 结构件本体的材料为金属或复合材料。
6、 根据权利要求 1-3任一项所述的工程机械的箱形结构件， 其特征在 于， 所述箱形结构件为工程机械的支腿的部件。
7、一种臂架系统， 包括通过水平铰接轴顺序铰接相连的多个节臂， 其 特征在于， 所述节臂为权利要求 1-5任一项所述的箱形结构件。
8、根据权利要求 7所述的臂架系统，其特征在于，相邻的两节节臂中， 靠近臂架系统末端的节臂中的夹芯材料的硬度小于远离臂架系统末端的节 臂中的夹芯材料的硬度。
9、 一种工程机械， 包括底盘和臂架系统， 其特征在于， 所述臂架系统 为权利要求 7或 8所述的臂架系统， 所述臂架系统的根端节臂安装在所述 底盘上。
10、 一种工程机械， 包括底盘和支腿， 所述支腿安装在所述底盘上， 其特征在于， 所述支腿包括权利要求 1、 2、 3或 6所述的工程机械的箱形 结构件。
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