WO2013013507A1 - 一种烃油脱硫吸附剂、其制备方法及其应用 - Google Patents

一种烃油脱硫吸附剂、其制备方法及其应用 Download PDF

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WO2013013507A1
WO2013013507A1 PCT/CN2012/001004 CN2012001004W WO2013013507A1 WO 2013013507 A1 WO2013013507 A1 WO 2013013507A1 CN 2012001004 W CN2012001004 W CN 2012001004W WO 2013013507 A1 WO2013013507 A1 WO 2013013507A1
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Prior art keywords
adsorbent
content
slurry
silica
zinc oxide
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PCT/CN2012/001004
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
林伟
田辉平
王振波
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中国石油化工股份有限公司
中国石油化工股份有限公司石油化工科学研究院
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Priority claimed from CN201110213256.7A external-priority patent/CN102895948B/zh
Priority claimed from CN201110213184.6A external-priority patent/CN102895944B/zh
Priority claimed from CN201110213169.1A external-priority patent/CN102895940B/zh
Priority claimed from CN201110213242.5A external-priority patent/CN102895945B/zh
Application filed by 中国石油化工股份有限公司, 中国石油化工股份有限公司石油化工科学研究院 filed Critical 中国石油化工股份有限公司
Priority to US14/235,037 priority Critical patent/US9511347B2/en
Priority to BR112014002046-9A priority patent/BR112014002046B1/pt
Priority to RU2014107487/05A priority patent/RU2585633C2/ru
Publication of WO2013013507A1 publication Critical patent/WO2013013507A1/zh

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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01JCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J20/00Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
    • B01J20/02Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material
    • B01J20/10Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising silica or silicate
    • B01J20/16Alumino-silicates
    • B01J20/18Synthetic zeolitic molecular sieves
    • B01J20/186Chemical treatments in view of modifying the properties of the sieve, e.g. increasing the stability or the activity, also decreasing the activity
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01JCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J20/00Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
    • B01J20/02Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material
    • B01J20/10Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising silica or silicate
    • B01J20/16Alumino-silicates
    • B01J20/18Synthetic zeolitic molecular sieves
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01JCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J20/00Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
    • B01J20/02Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material
    • B01J20/0203Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising compounds of metals not provided for in B01J20/04
    • B01J20/0222Compounds of Mn, Re
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01JCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J20/00Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
    • B01J20/02Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material
    • B01J20/0203Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising compounds of metals not provided for in B01J20/04
    • B01J20/0225Compounds of Fe, Ru, Os, Co, Rh, Ir, Ni, Pd, Pt
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01JCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J20/00Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
    • B01J20/02Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material
    • B01J20/06Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising oxides or hydroxides of metals not provided for in group B01J20/04
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01JCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J20/00Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
    • B01J20/02Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material
    • B01J20/10Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising silica or silicate
    • B01J20/103Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising silica or silicate comprising silica
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01JCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J20/00Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
    • B01J20/28Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties
    • B01J20/28014Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their form
    • B01J20/2803Sorbents comprising a binder, e.g. for forming aggregated, agglomerated or granulated products
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01JCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J20/00Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
    • B01J20/30Processes for preparing, regenerating, or reactivating
    • B01J20/3007Moulding, shaping or extruding
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01JCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J20/00Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
    • B01J20/30Processes for preparing, regenerating, or reactivating
    • B01J20/3042Use of binding agents; addition of materials ameliorating the mechanical properties of the produced sorbent
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01JCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J20/00Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
    • B01J20/30Processes for preparing, regenerating, or reactivating
    • B01J20/3078Thermal treatment, e.g. calcining or pyrolizing
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01JCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J20/00Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
    • B01J20/30Processes for preparing, regenerating, or reactivating
    • B01J20/3085Chemical treatments not covered by groups B01J20/3007 - B01J20/3078
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01JCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J20/00Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
    • B01J20/30Processes for preparing, regenerating, or reactivating
    • B01J20/32Impregnating or coating ; Solid sorbent compositions obtained from processes involving impregnating or coating
    • B01J20/3202Impregnating or coating ; Solid sorbent compositions obtained from processes involving impregnating or coating characterised by the carrier, support or substrate used for impregnation or coating
    • B01J20/3204Inorganic carriers, supports or substrates
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01JCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J20/00Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
    • B01J20/30Processes for preparing, regenerating, or reactivating
    • B01J20/32Impregnating or coating ; Solid sorbent compositions obtained from processes involving impregnating or coating
    • B01J20/3231Impregnating or coating ; Solid sorbent compositions obtained from processes involving impregnating or coating characterised by the coating or impregnating layer
    • B01J20/3234Inorganic material layers
    • B01J20/3236Inorganic material layers containing metal, other than zeolites, e.g. oxides, hydroxides, sulphides or salts
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01JCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J29/00Catalysts comprising molecular sieves
    • B01J29/04Catalysts comprising molecular sieves having base-exchange properties, e.g. crystalline zeolites
    • B01J29/06Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof
    • B01J29/061Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof containing metallic elements added to the zeolite
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01JCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J29/00Catalysts comprising molecular sieves
    • B01J29/04Catalysts comprising molecular sieves having base-exchange properties, e.g. crystalline zeolites
    • B01J29/06Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof
    • B01J29/064Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof containing iron group metals, noble metals or copper
    • B01J29/072Iron group metals or copper
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10GCRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
    • C10G25/00Refining of hydrocarbon oils in the absence of hydrogen, with solid sorbents
    • C10G25/02Refining of hydrocarbon oils in the absence of hydrogen, with solid sorbents with ion-exchange material
    • C10G25/03Refining of hydrocarbon oils in the absence of hydrogen, with solid sorbents with ion-exchange material with crystalline alumino-silicates, e.g. molecular sieves
    • C10G25/05Removal of non-hydrocarbon compounds, e.g. sulfur compounds
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10GCRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
    • C10G45/00Refining of hydrocarbon oils using hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds
    • C10G45/02Refining of hydrocarbon oils using hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds to eliminate hetero atoms without changing the skeleton of the hydrocarbon involved and without cracking into lower boiling hydrocarbons; Hydrofinishing
    • C10G45/04Refining of hydrocarbon oils using hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds to eliminate hetero atoms without changing the skeleton of the hydrocarbon involved and without cracking into lower boiling hydrocarbons; Hydrofinishing characterised by the catalyst used
    • C10G45/12Refining of hydrocarbon oils using hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds to eliminate hetero atoms without changing the skeleton of the hydrocarbon involved and without cracking into lower boiling hydrocarbons; Hydrofinishing characterised by the catalyst used containing crystalline alumino-silicates, e.g. molecular sieves
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10GCRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
    • C10G2300/00Aspects relating to hydrocarbon processing covered by groups C10G1/00 - C10G99/00
    • C10G2300/20Characteristics of the feedstock or the products
    • C10G2300/201Impurities
    • C10G2300/202Heteroatoms content, i.e. S, N, O, P

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a desulfurization adsorbent. More specifically, the present invention relates to a hydrocarbon oil desorbent adsorbent, a process for the preparation thereof and use thereof. Background technique
  • CN 1355727 A provides a novel absorbing composition comprising zinc oxide, silicon dioxide, aluminum oxide, and nickel or cobalt, and provides a process for the preparation of such an adsorbent. This method first prepares a support containing zinc oxide, silica, and alumina, and then introduces nickel by dipping. The adsorbent can be used to remove sulfur from cracked gasoline or diesel fuel.
  • an adsorbent carrier comprising zinc oxide, expanded perlite and alumina is impregnated with a promoter metal such as cobalt and nickel, and then the promoter is reduced at a suitable temperature to prepare an adsorbent for removing sulfide in the cracked gasoline.
  • a promoter metal such as cobalt and nickel
  • CN 101433821A discloses an adsorbent for reducing a hydrocarbon oil content, comprising a rare earth faujasite, an active metal oxide and a support, wherein the support comprises alumina and zinc oxide; and the above rare earth faujasite and the carrier mixture are preformed into The porous heat-resistant solid particles are further introduced into the solid particles to prepare the adsorbent.
  • CN 101434854A discloses an adsorbent for reducing the content of light hydrocarbon oil bismuth, comprising a phosphorus-modified rare earth faujasite, an active metal oxide and a support, wherein the support comprises alumina and zinc oxide;
  • the zeolite is modified with phosphorus and preliminarily formed into a porous heat-resistant solid particle with a carrier mixture, and then a metal active component is introduced onto the solid particles to prepare the adsorbent.
  • the present invention has been made to solve the problems of the prior art, and provides a hydrocarbon oil desulfurization adsorbent, a preparation method thereof, and an application thereof.
  • the present invention relates to the following aspects.
  • a hydrocarbon oil decalcification adsorbent based on the total weight of the adsorbent, comprising the following components:
  • At least one binder selected from the group consisting of titanium dioxide, tin dioxide, zirconium dioxide and aluminum oxide, in an amount of from 3 to 35 wt%;
  • At least one promoter metal selected from the group consisting of cobalt, nickel, iron and manganese, in an amount of from 5 to 30% by weight based on the metal, wherein at least 10% by weight of the promoter metal is present in the form of a reduced valence.
  • each component is: the content of the silica-alumina molecular sieve having a BEA structure is 2-15 wt%, and the content of the binder is 5-25 wt. %, the content of the silica source is 10-30 wt%, the content of the zinc oxide is 25-70 wt%, and the content of the promoter metal is 8-25 wt%.
  • silica-alumina molecular sieve having a BEA structure is a beta molecular sieve.
  • At least one binder selected from the group consisting of titanium oxide, tin dioxide, zirconium dioxide and aluminum oxide, a silica source, a silica-alumina molecular sieve having a ruthenium structure, and an oxidative contact to obtain a support;
  • step (1) comprises the following steps:
  • step (1) comprises the following steps:
  • the slurry is mixed with the remaining portion of the silica source, the silica-alumina molecular sieve having BEA structure, and the oxidized word, and shaped, dried and calcined to obtain the carrier.
  • the precursor of the binder is selected from the group consisting of titanium, tin, zirconium and/or aluminum compounds, alkoxylates, carboxylates, hydrated oxides, hydrogen At least one of an oxide, a hydrated hydroxide, and an oxide.
  • a hydrocarbon oil process comprising contacting a hydrocarbon oil with a hydrocarbon oil desulfurization adsorbent of any of the preceding aspects under conditions sufficient to remove at least a portion of the sulfur from the sulfur-containing hydrocarbon oil.
  • the hydrocarbon oil desorbing agent prepared according to the present invention has an advantage of increasing the octane number of the desulfurization product (e.g., gasoline) while exhibiting high desorption activity and stability.
  • any reaction or step is carried out under normal pressure (e.g., atmospheric pressure) and/or temperature (e.g., normal temperature) as is conventional in the art, unless otherwise specified or specifically stated.
  • the invention relates to a hydrocarbon oil desulfurization adsorbent, which comprises the following components based on the total weight of the adsorbent: 1) a silica-alumina molecular sieve having a BEA structure, the content is 1-20 wt%; 2) being selected from the group consisting of titanium dioxide and tin dioxide , at least one binder of zirconium dioxide and aluminum oxide, the content is 3-35 wt%; 3) the source of silica, the content is 5-40 wt%; 4) the zinc oxide, the content is 10-80 wt%; 5) at least one promoter metal selected from the group consisting of cobalt, nickel, iron and manganese, in an amount of from 5 to 30% by weight, based on the metal, wherein at least 10% by weight of
  • the content of the silica-alumina molecular sieve having the BEA structure is 2-15 wt%
  • the content of the binder is 5-25 wt%
  • the content of the silica source is 10- 30 wt%
  • the zinc oxide content is 25-70 wt%
  • the promoter metal content is 8-25 wt%.
  • the content of the silica-alumina molecular sieve having the BEA structure is 2 to 10% by weight, and the content of the binder is 8 to 15 wt%.
  • the content of the silica source is 12-25 wt%, the content of the zinc oxide is 40-60 wt%, and the content of the promoter metal is 12-20 wt%.
  • the method for preparing a hydrocarbon oil desulfurization adsorbent comprises the following steps:
  • any silica-alumina molecular sieve having a BEA structure known in the art can be used without particular limitation.
  • the molecular sieves may be used singly or in combination of two or more.
  • the silica-alumina molecular sieve having the BEA structure is a ⁇ molecular sieve (Beta molecular sieve), and its structural formula is (Na n [Al n Si 64-n 0 128 ], n ⁇ 7), which is Two different but closely related polymorphs A and B mixed crystals, both of which have a twelve-membered three-dimensional pore system, polymorph A forms a pair of enantiomers, and the space group is P4 2 and P4 3 22,
  • the size of the twelve-membered ring in the BEA molecular sieve is 7.3 ⁇ 6.0 ⁇ 100 direction> and 5.6 ⁇ 5.6 ⁇ ⁇ 001 direction>.
  • the particle size of the silica-alumina molecular sieve having the fluorene structure is not particularly limited, and may be generally 10 to 1000 nm, preferably 100 to 500 nm, but is not limited thereto.
  • the specific surface area of the silica-alumina molecular sieve having the BEA structure is also not particularly limited, and may be generally 150 m 2 /g or more, but is not limited thereto.
  • the source of silica refers to a material comprising silica, either in the form of silica or in the form of a natural mineral having a silica content of greater than 45 wt%.
  • the natural mineral may further contain other components such as A1 2 0 3 , K 2 0, CaO, MgO, Fe 2 O 3 , Ti0 2 and the like.
  • the silica source may be selected, for example, from the group consisting of diatomaceous earth, expanded perlite, kaolin, siliceous rock, colloidal silica, hydrolyzed silica, fumed silica, silica sol, macroporous silica, and One or several of silica gel.
  • the silica source may be used singly or in combination of two or more.
  • the purity of the zinc oxide is generally greater than 99%.
  • the binder is at least one selected from the group consisting of titanium dioxide, tin dioxide, zirconium dioxide and aluminum oxide.
  • the binder may be in a crystalline form (such as anatase titanium dioxide), or may be in its amorphous form, or may be in its colloidal form (such as a sol or colloid), or There is no particular limitation on the form in which the dispersion is used (for example, an aqueous slurry or the like).
  • the binder may be used singly or in combination of two or more.
  • the term "accelerator metal” means a metal component which contributes to the promotion of desulfurization of a hydrocarbon oil when it is added to the adsorbent of the present invention.
  • the promoter metal is preferably at least one selected from the group consisting of cobalt, nickel, iron, and manganese, and further preferably nickel.
  • the promoter metals may be used singly or in combination of two or more.
  • the promoter metal present in the adsorbent of the invention must be present in the form of a reduced valence.
  • the reducing cost promoter can chemisorb, crack or remove sulfur. For this reason, it is necessary to reduce the number of oxygen atoms bonded to the promoter metal or to make the oxidation state of the promoter metal 0 (metal elemental state).
  • nickel is a promoter metal
  • nickel oxide (NiO) is known to be its normal oxidation state
  • the reduced valence nickel (accelerator metal) may be nickel metal (Ni Q ) or a non-ratio with the formula NiO n ⁇ Nickel oxide, where 0 ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ 1.
  • cobalt oxide (CoO) is known to be its normal oxidation state
  • the reduced cobalt (promoter metal) can be cobalt metal (Co Q ) or non-ratio cobalt oxide with the formula CoO( 1-y ) , where 0 ⁇ y ⁇ l.
  • the reduced valence iron (accelerator metal) may be iron metal (Fe Q ) or have the formula Fe 2 0 ( a ) non-ratio iron oxide, where 0 ⁇ a ⁇ 3.
  • manganese is a promoter metal
  • manganese oxide Mn0 2
  • the reduced valence manganese (accelerator metal) may be manganese metal (Fe Q ) or have the formula MnO( 2 _ b ) Non-ratio manganese oxide, where 0 ⁇ b ⁇ 2.
  • the promoter metal is present in the hydrocarbon oil desulfurization adsorbent of the present invention in such a quantity that it can be from the hydrocarbon when it is contacted with the hydrocarbon-containing oil under the conditions of the de- 4f described below in the present invention.
  • the sulfur is effectively removed from the oil.
  • At least about 10% by weight of the promoter metal present in the total amount of promoter metal present in the adsorbent of the present invention is in the form of a reducing valence (preferably in the form of a simple metal), Preferably at least about 40% by weight of the promoter metal is in the form of a reduced valence (preferably in the form of a metal single shield), and most preferably at least 80% by weight, at least 90% by weight or more of the promoter metal is in the form of a reducing valence (preferably a metal elemental Form).
  • each raw material component i.e., selected from titanium oxide, tin dioxide, zirconium dioxide, and oxidation
  • At least one binder of aluminum, the silica source, the silica-alumina molecular sieve having the BEA structure, and the zinc oxide are contacted (for example, mixed with each other) according to the respective amounts specified in the foregoing
  • the contact product of the invention i.e., the carrier.
  • the order of contact or the order of contact of the respective raw material components is not particularly limited.
  • the manner in which the contacting step is carried out is not particularly limited as long as sufficient contact of the respective raw material components can be achieved, and a contact product of a uniform hook can be formed.
  • each of the raw material components can be mixed to homogeny in any manner known in the art.
  • the contacting step can also be carried out in the presence of a liquid or gaseous medium.
  • the contact product obtained at this time may be in the form of a slurry, a dough or a mixture of bones.
  • This contacting step can be carried out at any temperature from 0 °C to 70 °C. From the viewpoint of convenience, normal temperature is preferred, but it is not limited thereto.
  • the contact time is to obtain a uniform contact product, but it is usually 0.5 to 5 hours, and sometimes it is not limited thereto.
  • the contact product may sometimes be passed through the art after preparation. Know any way to form, dry and roast.
  • the resulting contact product is shaped into an extrudate, sheet, pellet, sphere or microspheroidal particle or the like by any method known in the art.
  • the contact product when the contact product is in the form of a dough or a paste mixture, the contact product may be directly formed (preferably extruded) into a cylindrical shape having a diameter of generally 1.0 to 8.0 mm and a length of generally 2.0 to 5.0 mm. The extrudate is then dried and calcined. If the resulting contact product is in the form of a slurry, it may be first thickened by drying to a dough or a paste mixture, and then molded as described above.
  • the slurry may be directly molded into microspheres having a particle size of about 20 to 200 ⁇ m by a spray drying method.
  • the solid content of the slurry is brought to 10 to 50 wt%, preferably 20 to 50 wt%, before drying.
  • the drying can be carried out in a conventional manner, and is not particularly limited.
  • the drying may be drying, drying or blast drying.
  • the drying temperature may be room temperature to 400 ° C, preferably 100 to 350 ° C, but is sometimes not limited thereto.
  • the calcination can be carried out in a conventional manner, and is not particularly limited.
  • the calcination temperature is 400-700 ° C, preferably 450-650 ° C
  • the calcination time is generally at least 0.5 hours, preferably 0.5-100 hours, more preferably 0.5-10 hours, but sometimes it is not limited thereto. .
  • the preparation method of the hydrocarbon oil desulfurization adsorbent of the present invention preferably further comprises, in the step (1), molding the contact product (as described above), drying (as described above), and calcining. (as described above) steps (called steps (1-1)).
  • steps (1-1) The product obtained in this step (1-1) is also referred to as a carrier in the present invention.
  • the contacting step is preferably carried out in the following manner A or mode B.
  • Mode A includes the following steps:
  • Mode B includes the following steps:
  • the BEA A structured silica-alumina molecular sieve is mixed with the zinc oxide, and shaped, dried and calcined to obtain the support.
  • the acid is selected from one or more of a water-soluble inorganic acid and an organic acid, and the amount of the acid (if a plurality of acids are used, refers to the total amount of all acids)
  • the pH of the slurry obtained finally reaches 0.5-6, preferably 1-6, further preferably 1-5, still more preferably 1-4, most preferably 1.5-4.
  • the acid may be used singly or in combination of two or more.
  • the acid is preferably selected from one or more of the group consisting of hydrochloric acid, nitric acid, phosphoric acid and acetic acid.
  • the acid may be used in the form of an aqueous solution as needed, or for ease of handling.
  • the term "precursor of the binder” means by a suitable treatment means (such as after the steps (la) and (lb), or through the steps (la') and (lb' ) a compound capable of forming the binder.
  • a suitable treatment means such as after the steps (la) and (lb), or through the steps (la') and (lb' ) a compound capable of forming the binder.
  • metal M can be cited! a compound, an alkoxylate, a carboxylate, a hydrated oxide, a hydroxide, a hydrated hydroxide and an oxide, wherein M is at least one selected from the group consisting of titanium, tin, zirconium and aluminum.
  • the precursors may be used singly or in combination of two or more.
  • examples of the precursor of the titanium oxide include titanium tetrachloride, ethyl titanate, isopropyl titanate, titanium acetate, and titanium hydrate. Since the anatase type titanium dioxide can still form anatase type titanium dioxide after passing through the steps (la) and (lb) or the steps (la') and (lb'), the anatase type titanium dioxide is sometimes Also known as the precursor of the titanium dioxide. These precursors of titanium dioxide may be used singly or in combination of two or more. Examples of the precursor of the zirconium dioxide include zirconium tetrachloride, zirconium oxychloride, zirconium acetate, and hydrated zirconia.
  • the amorphous zirconia is still capable of forming zirconium dioxide after passing through the steps (la) and (lb) or the steps (la') and (lb'), the amorphous zirconia is sometimes called It is the precursor of the zirconium dioxide.
  • the precursors of these cerium oxides may be used singly or in combination of two or more.
  • the precursor of the tin dioxide may, for example, be tin tetrachloride, tin tetraisopropoxide, tin acetate or hydrated tin oxide. These precursors of tin dioxide may be used singly or in combination of two or more.
  • the precursor of the alumina may, for example, be hydrated alumina, aluminum sol, boehmite (boehmite), boehmite (pseudo-boehmite), alumina trihydrate and none. Shaped aluminum hydroxide.
  • the precursors of these aluminas may be used singly or in combination of two or more.
  • the alumina finally formed from the precursors of these aluminas is generally present in the form of ⁇ - ⁇ 1 2 0 3 .
  • the manner in which the step (la) is carried out is not particularly limited as long as the binder or the precursor is sufficiently mixed with the acid (preferably an aqueous solution of the acid) to obtain The slurry of the hook can be used.
  • the manner in which the step (la') is carried out is not particularly limited as long as the binder or the precursor and the acid (preferably an aqueous solution of the acid) and the silica source can be realized. At least a portion of the mixture is thoroughly mixed to obtain a uniform slurry. In either case, the mixing can be carried out at any temperature between 0 ° C and 70 ° C. From the viewpoint of convenience, it is preferably from 5 ° C to 40 ° C, but it is sometimes not limited thereto. The mixing time is to obtain a uniform slurry, but it is usually 0.5 to 5 hours, and sometimes it is not limited thereto.
  • the expression “at least a portion of said source of silica” means that the amount of silica source in step (la') is the total source of silica used in the preparation of the hydrocarbon oil desulfurization adsorbent of the invention. At least part.
  • the "at least a portion” at this time may be 30 wt% or more, preferably 50 wt% or more, more preferably 70 wt% or more, further preferably 90 wt% or more, such as 100 wt%, of the entire silica source.
  • the expression “the remaining portion of the silica source” refers to a silica source from which the aforementioned "at least a portion” is subtracted from the entire silica source.
  • the "remaining portion" at this time may be 70 wt% or less, preferably 50 wt% or less, more preferably 30% or less, further preferably 10 wt% or less, such as 0 wt%, of all silica sources. No silica source is used in step ( lb ' ).
  • step (la) the precursor reacts with the acid to hydrolyze to form a cohesive hydrolysate solution, i.e., a colloidal solution.
  • the colloidal solution is also referred to as a slurry in the present invention.
  • step (la') the precursor reacts with the acid to hydrolyze to form a cohesive hydrolysate solution, i.e., a colloidal solution.
  • the colloidal solution and the at least a portion of the silica source form a slurry as referred to herein.
  • the mixing time of step (la) or step (la) is the same as before.
  • treatments known in the art are considered in view of problems such as more complete hydrolysis and more uniform system.
  • the aging treatment may be carried out in a manner known in the art, for example, by allowing the colloidal solution or slurry to stand for 0.5 to 3 hours at a temperature of 60 to 90 ° C, but it is not limited thereto.
  • the aged solution or slurry after aging treatment is also collectively referred to as a slurry.
  • the obtained slurry and the silica source The silica-alumina molecular sieve having a BEA structure is mixed with the zinc oxide, and shaped, dried, and calcined to obtain the carrier.
  • the slurry and the silica source (or a remainder thereof), the silica-alumina molecular sieve having the BEA structure, and the zinc oxide may be mixed in any order and in any manner, as long as A sufficient mixing can be achieved to form a uniform mixed product (i.e., contact product).
  • the silica source (or a remainder thereof) may be added to the slurry, and the zinc oxide and the silica-alumina molecular sieve having the BEA structure may be added sequentially or simultaneously, or the three may be simultaneously Join.
  • the silica source (or a remainder thereof), the zinc oxide, and/or the silica-alumina molecular sieve having the BEA structure may be added directly to the slurry.
  • the silica source (or a remainder thereof), the zinc oxide, and/or the silica-alumina molecular sieve having the BEA structure may also be prepared in advance as an aqueous slurry, and then injected.
  • This step (lb) or step (lb') can be carried out at any temperature from 0 °C to 70 °C. From the viewpoint of convenience, it is preferably 5 ° C to 40 ° C, but it is sometimes not limited thereto.
  • the mixing time is to obtain a uniform slurry, but it is usually 0.5 to 5 hours, and sometimes it is not limited thereto.
  • the molding, drying and calcination may be carried out in exactly the same manner as described above for the contact product in the step (1) or the step (1-1), thereby obtaining The carrier.
  • the carrier is contacted with a compound containing a promoter metal to obtain an adsorbent precursor.
  • the promoter metal-containing compound is a compound which can be converted into a promoter metal by calcination.
  • the promoter metal-containing compound for example, an acetate, a carbonate, a nitrate, a sulfate, a thiocyanate, a hydroxide, a hydrated oxide, a hydrated hydroxide or a metal M' may be mentioned.
  • These accelerator metal-containing compounds may be used singly or in combination of two or more.
  • the manner of contacting the carrier with the promoter metal-containing compound is not particularly limited as long as sufficient contact with each other can be achieved and a uniform contact product (i.e., adsorbent precursor) can be formed.
  • a uniform contact product i.e., adsorbent precursor
  • the order of contact or the order of contact of the carrier with the promoter metal-containing compound is not particularly limited. If necessary, in order to make the contact more uniform and sufficient, or to facilitate the contacting, the contact can also be carried out in the presence of a liquid or gaseous medium.
  • the contact product obtained at this time may be in the form of a slurry.
  • the contacting step can be carried out at any temperature from 0 ° C to 70 ° C. From the viewpoint of convenience, it is preferably 5 ° C to 40 ° C, but it is sometimes not limited thereto.
  • the mixing time is based on the homogenized slurry, but it is usually from 1 to 20 minutes, and sometimes it is not limited thereto.
  • the support may be contacted with the promoter metal-containing compound by impregnation or precipitation methods known in the art.
  • an aqueous solution or an aqueous suspension of the promoter metal-containing compound is first prepared, and then the carrier is impregnated with the aqueous solution or the aqueous suspension, thereby obtaining a slurry contact product.
  • an aqueous solution or an aqueous suspension of the promoter metal-containing compound is prepared, and then the carrier is impregnated with the aqueous solution or the aqueous suspension, and then aqueous ammonia is added thereto to cause the promoter-containing metal.
  • the compound forms a precipitate on the support, thereby obtaining a wet or slurry contact product.
  • the contact product after preparation, in particular when the contact product is in the form of a wet or slurry, can sometimes be dried by any means known in the art to remove what may be introduced during its preparation.
  • Any liquid medium such as water
  • a gaseous medium for example, the contact product may be dried at about 50 to 300 ° C, preferably at a drying temperature of 100 to 250 ° C, and a drying time of about 0.5 to 8 hours, more preferably about 1 to 5 hours.
  • the contact product after preparation (preferably after the aforementioned drying), can sometimes be calcined by any means known in the art to convert the promoter metal contained in the contact product to its corresponding Metal oxides.
  • the calcination may be carried out in the presence of oxygen or in an oxygen-containing atmosphere (oxygen content such as more than 20 vol%, preferably more than 40 vol%) at a temperature of about 300 to 800 ° C, more preferably 450 to 750 ° C.
  • the time required for the calcination is generally about 0.5 to 4 hours, preferably 1 to 3 hours.
  • the calcined contact product is also referred to herein as an adsorbent precursor or sometimes as a calcined adsorbent precursor.
  • the preparation method of the hydrocarbon oil desorbing agent of the present invention preferably further comprises, in the step (2), drying (as described above) and calcining (as described above) the adsorbent precursor. Steps (called steps (2-1)).
  • step (3) according to the invention is sufficient to form at least 10 wt. /.
  • Treatment in the form of a reducing agent in the form of a promoter metal (such as reduction under a hydrogen atmosphere) of the adsorbent precursor preferably the calcined adsorbent precursor or through the aforementioned step (2-1)
  • the adsorbent precursor of the invention provides the hydrocarbon oil desulfurization adsorbent of the present invention.
  • the adsorbent precursor is reduced under a hydrogen-containing atmosphere at a temperature of 300 to 600 ° C, so that at least 10 wt% of the promoter metal is present in the form of a reduction valence (e.g., in the form of a simple metal).
  • the temperature is more preferably from 400 to 500 ° C
  • the hydrogen content of the hydrogen-containing atmosphere is generally from 10 to 60 vol%
  • the reduction time is usually from 0.5 to 6 hours, preferably from 1 to 3 hours.
  • the invention further relates to a hydrocarbon oil desulfurization process comprising contacting a sulfur-containing hydrocarbon oil with a hydrocarbon oil desulfurization adsorbent of the invention described above under conditions sufficient to remove at least a portion of the sulfur from the helium-containing hydrocarbon oil.
  • the hydrocarbon oil comprises cracked gasoline and diesel fuel
  • "cracked gasoline” means a hydrocarbon having a boiling range of 40 to 210 ° C or any fraction thereof, which is derived from cracking larger hydrocarbon molecules into smaller molecules.
  • the product of a thermal or catalytic process include, but are not limited to, coking, thermal cracking, visbreaking, and the like, and combinations thereof.
  • suitable catalytic cracking processes include, but are not limited to, fluid catalytic cracking and heavy oil catalytic cracking, and the like, and combinations thereof.
  • suitable catalytically cracked gasolines include, but are not limited to, coker gasoline, thermally cracked gasoline, visbroken gasoline, fluid catalytic cracked gasoline, and heavy oil cracked gasoline, and combinations thereof.
  • the cracked gasoline may be branched and/or hydrogenated prior to desulfurization in the process of the present invention.
  • diesel fuel is meant a liquid mixture of hydrocarbon mixtures having a boiling range of from 170 Torr to 450 ° C or any fraction thereof.
  • hydrocarbon oils include, but are not limited to, light cycle oil, kerosene, straight run diesel, hydrotreated diesel, and the like, and combinations thereof.
  • sulfur means any form of sulfur element, such as an organic sulfur compound commonly found in hydrocarbon oils such as cracked gasoline or diesel fuel.
  • the sulfur present in the sulfur-containing hydrocarbon oil of the present invention includes, but is not limited to, carbon oxysulfide (COS), carbon disulfide (CS 2 ), mercaptans or other thiophenes, and the like, and especially combinations thereof, especially thiophene, benzothiophene, alkylthiophene And alkylbenzothiophenes and alkyl dibenzothiophenes, and the like, and thiophene compounds having a larger molecular weight which are often present in diesel fuels.
  • COS carbon oxysulfide
  • CS 2 carbon disulfide
  • mercaptans or other thiophenes and the like, and especially combinations thereof, especially thiophene, benzothiophene, alkylthiophene And alkylbenzothiophenes and alkyl dibenzo
  • the "condition sufficient to remove at least a portion of the sulfur from the sulfur-containing hydrocarbon oil” comprises: in the presence of hydrogen, the hydrogen/hydrocarbon oil molar ratio is from 0.1 to 3, more preferably from 0.3 to 0.8, weight
  • the space velocity is l-hf 1 , more preferably 3-Shr- 1 , temperature 350-500 ° C, preferably 400-450 ° C, pressure 0.5-4 MPa, preferably 1.0-2.0 MPa.
  • the hydrocarbon oil desulfurization adsorbent of the present invention can be reused by the regeneration and reduction processes after use (after at least partially losing the desulfurization ability), as needed.
  • the regeneration process package Included: in the presence of oxygen or in an oxygen-containing atmosphere (oxygen content such as greater than 5 vol%, preferably greater than 200 vol%), atmospheric pressure, temperature 400-700 ° C, preferably 500-600 ° C, time 0.5 to 2 hours.
  • the reduction process comprises: in the presence of hydrogen or in a hydrogen-containing atmosphere, at a temperature of from 350 to 500 ° C, preferably from 370 to 450 ° C, at a pressure of from 0.2 to 2 MPa, preferably from 0.2 to 1.5 MPa, for a period of from 0.2 to 2 hours.
  • the adsorbent was prepared as follows: 2.42 kg of titanium tetrachloride (Beijing Chemical Plant, analytical grade, 99 wt.%) was slowly added to 3.2 kg of deacidified water, and slowly stirred to prevent precipitation of titanium oxide crystals. The state of the transparent colloidal solution is called titanium sol. Then, 2.10 kg of expanded perlite (World Mining Company, containing 2.06 kg of dry basis) was added to the above titanium sol and stirred and mixed.
  • the carrier slurry was spray dried using a Niro Bowen Nozzle TowerTM spray dryer with a spray drying pressure of 8.5 to 9.5 MPa, an inlet temperature of 500 ° C or less, and an outlet temperature of approximately 150 ° (:. Micro by spray drying)
  • the ball was first dried at 180 ° C for 1 hour and then calcined at 635 ° C for 1 hour to obtain a adsorbent carrier.
  • adsorbent carrier 3.2 kg was impregnated with 3.51 kg of nickel nitrate hexahydrate (Beijing Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd., purity greater than 98.5 wt.%), 0.6 kg of deionized water solution, and the resulting mixture was dried at 180 ° C for 4 hours, in an air atmosphere.
  • the adsorbent precursor can be obtained by calcination at 635 ° C for 1 hour.
  • the adsorbent precursor was reduced in a hydrogen atmosphere at 425 ° C for 2 hours to obtain an adsorbent, which was referred to as adsorbent I-A1.
  • the chemical composition of the adsorbent I-A1 is: zinc oxide content is 44.3 wt.%, expanded perlite content is 20.6 wt.%, and beta molecular sieve content is 7.0 wt%. Titanium dioxide 10.0 wt.%, metal nickel content was 18.1 wt.%.
  • titanium dioxide anatase type, containing 1.17 kg of titanium dioxide
  • hydrochloric acid chemically pure, produced by Beijing Chemical Plant
  • a transparent colloidal solution called titanium sol.
  • 1.54 kg of diatomaceous earth World Mining Company, dry basis 1.50 kg was added to the above titanium sol and mixed under stirring.
  • a mixture of 5.52 kg of zinc oxide powder (Headhorse, purity 99.7%), 0.36 kg of Beta molecular sieve (Nanjing Catalyst Branch, containing dry base 0.30 kg) and 5.0 kg of deionized water were mixed for 30 minutes to obtain a mixed slurry of zinc oxide and Beta. .
  • the mixed slurry was added to the above slurry, and stirred for 1 hour to obtain a carrier slurry.
  • the spray drying of the carrier was carried out by the method of Example 1-1 and the active component nickel was introduced to obtain the adsorbent I-A2.
  • the chemical composition of the adsorbent I-A2 is: a zinc oxide content of 55.2 wt.%, a titanium dioxide content of 11.7 wt.%, a diatomaceous earth content of 15.0 wt.%, a beta molecular sieve content of 3.0 wt%, and a nickel content of 15.1 wt. .%.
  • the adsorbent was prepared as follows: 3.87 kg of ethyl titanate (Aldrich, analytical grade, 99%) was slowly added to 3.2 kg of 10% nitric acid (chemically pure, produced at Beijing Chemical Plant) with stirring. After stirring for 1 hour, the solution was a pale yellow transparent colloidal solution called a titanium sol.
  • adsorbent I-A3 Spray drying of the carrier was carried out in accordance with the method of Example 1-1 and introduction of the active components nickel and cobalt to obtain adsorbent I-A3.
  • the chemical composition of the adsorbent I-A3 is: the zinc oxide content is 49.3 wt.%, and the titanium dioxide is 13.5 wt. 0 /.
  • the diatomaceous earth was 16.0 wt.%
  • the USY content was 5.0 wt%
  • the nickel content was 8.1 wt.%
  • the cobalt content was 8.1 wt%.
  • the adsorbent was prepared as follows: 3.36 kg of ethyl titanate (Aldrich, analytical grade, 99%) was slowly added to 3.2 kg of 10% nitric acid (chemically pure, produced at Beijing Chemical Plant) with stirring. After stirring for 1 hour, the solution was a pale yellow transparent colloidal solution called a titanium sol.
  • adsorbent I-A4 The chemical composition of the adsorbent I-A4 was: zinc oxide content of 55.2 wt.%, titanium dioxide of 11.7 wt.%, kaolin of 15.0 wt.%, X molecular sieve content of 3.0 wt%, and nickel content of 15.1 wt.%.
  • Example 1-5 The chemical composition of the adsorbent I-A4 was: zinc oxide content of 55.2 wt.%, titanium dioxide of 11.7 wt.%, kaolin of 15.0 wt.%, X molecular sieve content of 3.0 wt%, and nickel content of 15.1 wt.%.
  • Example 1-5 Example 1-5
  • the adsorbent was prepared as follows: 2.42 kg of titanium tetrachloride (Beijing Chemical Plant, analytical grade, 99 wt.%) was slowly added to 3.2 kg of deacidified water, and slowly stirred to prevent precipitation of titanium oxide crystals. The state of the transparent colloidal solution is called titanium sol. Then, 2.10 kg of expanded perlite (World Mining Company, containing 2.06 kg of dry basis) was added to the above titanium sol and stirred and mixed uniformly.
  • the spray-drying of the carrier was carried out in accordance with the method of Example 1-1 and the active component nickel was introduced to obtain the adsorbent I-A4.
  • the chemical composition of the adsorbent I-A4 is: the oxidation content is 44.3 wt.%, the expanded perlite content is 20.6 wt.%, the USY molecular sieve content is 7.0 wt%, the titanium dioxide is 10.0 wt.%, and the metallic nickel content is 18.1 wt. %.
  • Comparative example 1-1 The adsorbent was prepared as follows: 3.31 kg of titanium tetrachloride (Beijing Chemical Plant, analytical grade, 99 wt.%) was slowly added to 5.0 kg of deacidified water, and slowly stirred to prevent precipitation of titanium oxide crystals. The state of the transparent colloidal solution is called titanium sol. Then, 2.45 kg of expanded perlite (World Mining Company, containing 2.40 kg of dry base) was added to the above titanium sol and stirred and uniformly mixed.
  • the spray drying of the carrier was carried out by the method of Example 1-1 and the active component nickel was introduced to obtain the adsorbent I-B 1 .
  • the chemical composition of the adsorbent I-B1 was: zinc oxide content of 44.3 wt.%, expanded perlite content of 24.0 wt.%, titanium dioxide of 13.6 wt.%, and metallic nickel content of 18.1 wt.%. Comparative example 1-2
  • titanium dioxide anatase type, containing 1.17 kg of titanium dioxide
  • hydrochloric acid chemically pure, produced by Beijing Chemical Plant
  • a transparent colloidal solution called titanium sol.
  • 1.85 kg of diatomaceous earth (World Mining Company, dry basis 1.80 kg) was added to the above titanium sol and mixed under stirring.
  • a zinc oxide slurry was obtained by mixing and stirring 5.52 kg of zinc oxide powder (Headhorse Co., Ltd., purity: 99.7%) and 5.0 kg of deionized water for 30 minutes. The mixed slurry was added to the above slurry, and stirred for 1 hour to obtain a carrier slurry.
  • the spray drying of the carrier was carried out by referring to the method of Example 1-1 and introduction of the active component nickel to obtain the adsorbent I-B2.
  • the chemical composition of the adsorbent I-B2 was: an oxidized content of 55.2 wt.%, a titanium dioxide content of 11.7 wt.%, a diatomaceous earth content of 18.0 wt.%, and a nickel content of 15.1 wt.%. Comparative example 1-3
  • the adsorbent was prepared as follows: 3.87 kg of ethyl titanate (Aldrich, analytical grade, 99%) was slowly added to 3.2 kg of 10% nitric acid (chemically pure, produced at Beijing Chemical Plant) with stirring. After stirring for 1 hour, the solution was a pale yellow transparent colloidal solution called a titanium sol. 4.93 kg of zinc oxide powder (Headhorse Co., purity 99.7%), 2.15 kg of diatomaceous earth (World Mining Corporation, containing dry base 2.10 kg) and 6.80 kg of deionized water were mixed and stirred for 30 minutes to obtain a mixed slurry. The mixed slurry was added to the above slurry, and stirred for 1 hour to obtain a carrier slurry.
  • ethyl titanate Aldrich, analytical grade, 99%
  • adsorbent I-B3 The spray drying of the carrier was carried out by referring to the method of Example 1-1 and introduction of the active components nickel and cobalt to obtain adsorbent I-B3.
  • the chemical composition of the adsorbent I-B3 was: zinc oxide content of 49.3 wt.%, titanium dioxide of 13.5 wt.%, diatomaceous earth of 21.0 wt.%, nickel content of 8.1 wt.%, and cobalt content of 8.1 wt%. Comparative example 1-4
  • the adsorbent was prepared as follows: 3.36 kg of ethyl titanate (Aldrich, analytical grade, 99%) was slowly added to 3.2 kg of 10% nitric acid (chemically pure, produced at Beijing Chemical Plant) with stirring. After stirring for 1 hour, the solution was a pale yellow transparent colloidal solution called a titanium sol.
  • adsorbent I-B4 The chemical composition of the adsorbent I-B4 was: zinc oxide content of 55.2 wt.%, titanium oxide of 11.7 wt.%, kaolin of 18.0 wt.%, and nickel content of 15.1 wt.%.
  • Example 1-6 The chemical composition of the adsorbent I-B4 was: zinc oxide content of 55.2 wt.%, titanium oxide of 11.7 wt.%, kaolin of 18.0 wt.%, and nickel content of 15.1 wt.%.
  • Example 1-6 The chemical composition of the adsorbent I-B4 was: zinc oxide content of 55.2 wt.%, titanium oxide of 11.7 wt.%, kaolin of 18.0 wt.%, and nickel content of 15.1 wt.%.
  • the adsorbents prepared by different methods were investigated for desulfurization performance and octane number.
  • the desulfurization performance is measured by the product sulfur content.
  • the sulfur content of the product is analyzed by off-line chromatography and evaluated by a fixed-bed micro-reverse experimental device.
  • the adsorption reaction raw material is a catalytically cracked gasoline with a sulfur concentration of 640 ppm.
  • the adsorption test process uses a hydrogen atmosphere, the reaction temperature is 410 ° C, the reaction pressure is 1.38 MPa, the hydrogen/hydrocarbon oil molar ratio is 0.35, and the weight space velocity of the reaction is 4 1 ⁇ -1 , in order to accurately characterize the adsorbent in the industry.
  • the adsorbent was subjected to regeneration treatment, and the regeneration treatment was carried out in an air atmosphere at 550 °C. After the adsorbent is reacted and regenerated for 6 cycles, its activity is basically stabilized. After the adsorbent is stabilized, the sulfur content in the gasoline of the product represents the activity of the adsorbent. The sulfur content in the stabilized gasoline is as shown in Table 1-1. Show. At the same time, the product gasoline is weighed to calculate its yield.
  • the motor octane number (MON) and the research octane number (RON) of the gasoline before and after the reaction were measured by GB/T 503-1995 and GB/T 5487-1995, respectively.
  • the results are shown in Table 1-1. It can be seen from Table 1-1 that after the reaction of the adsorbent containing BEA or FAU molecular sieves, the octane number of the gasoline of the product is increased to some extent.
  • Table 1-1 Desulfurization performance and octane number of different adsorbents
  • the raw material gasoline has a sulfur content of 640 ppm, a RON of 93.0 and a MON of 82.7. 2.
  • indicates the added value of the product MON;
  • ARON indicates the added value of the product RON
  • A(RON+MON)/2 is the difference between the antiknock index of the product and the antiknock index of the raw material.
  • the carrier slurry was spray dried using a Niro Bowen Nozzle TowerTM model
  • the machine was spray dried, the spray drying pressure was 8.5 to 9.5 MPa, the inlet temperature was below 500 ° C, and the outlet temperature was about 150 ° C.
  • the microspheres obtained by spray drying were first dried at 180 ° C for 1 hour and then calcined at 635 ° C for 1 hour to obtain a adsorbent carrier.
  • adsorbent carrier 3.2 kg was impregnated with 3.51 kg of nickel nitrate hexahydrate (Beijing Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd., purity greater than 98.5 wt%), 0.6 kg of deionized water solution, and the resulting mixture was dried at 180 ° C for 4 hours, in an air atmosphere 635
  • the adsorbent precursor can be obtained by calcination at °C for 1 hour.
  • the adsorbent precursor was reduced in a hydrogen atmosphere at 425 ° C for 2 hours to obtain an adsorbent, which was referred to as adsorbent ⁇ - ⁇ 1.
  • the chemical composition of the adsorbent II-A1 is:
  • the zinc oxide content is 44.3 wt. ° /.
  • the expanded perlite content was 20.6 wt.%
  • the beta molecular sieve content was 7.0 wt%
  • the tin dioxide was 10.0 wt.%
  • the metallic nickel content was 18.1 wt.%.
  • a mixture of 5.52 kg of zinc oxide powder (Headhorse, purity 99.7%), 0.36 kg of Beta molecular sieve (Nanjing Catalyst Branch, containing dry base 0.30 kg) and 5.0 kg of deionized water were mixed for 30 minutes to obtain a mixed slurry of zinc oxide and Beta.
  • the mixed slurry was added to the above slurry, and stirred for 1 hour to obtain a carrier slurry.
  • Example II-1 The spray drying of the carrier was carried out by the method of Example II-1 and the active component nickel was introduced to obtain the adsorbent ⁇ - ⁇ 2.
  • the chemical composition of the adsorbent ⁇ - ⁇ 2 is: zinc oxide content is 55.2 wt.%, tin dioxide content is 11.7 wt.%, diatomaceous earth content is 15.0 wt.%, Beta molecular sieve content is 3.0 wt%, and nickel content is 15.1wt.%.
  • Example ⁇ -3 zinc oxide content is 55.2 wt.%
  • tin dioxide content is 11.7 wt.%
  • diatomaceous earth content is 15.0 wt.%
  • Beta molecular sieve content is 3.0 wt%
  • nickel content is 15.1wt.%.
  • Example II-4 The spray drying of the carrier was carried out by referring to the method of Example ⁇ -1 and the active components nickel and cobalt were introduced to obtain the adsorbent ⁇ - ⁇ 3.
  • the chemical composition of the adsorbent ⁇ - ⁇ 3 is: zinc oxide content of 49.3 wt.%, tin dioxide of 13.5 wt.%, diatomaceous earth of 16.0 wt.%, USY content of 5.0 wt%, and nickel content of 8.1 wt. %, the cobalt content is 8.1% by weight.
  • Example II-4 The chemical composition of the adsorbent ⁇ - ⁇ 3 is: zinc oxide content of 49.3 wt.%, tin dioxide of 13.5 wt.%, diatomaceous earth of 16.0 wt.%, USY content of 5.0 wt%, and nickel content of 8.1 wt. %, the cobalt content is 8.1% by weight.
  • Example II-4 Example II-4
  • the spray drying of the carrier was carried out in accordance with the method of Example II-1 and the active component nickel was introduced to obtain the adsorbent ⁇ - ⁇ 4.
  • the chemical composition of the adsorbent ⁇ - ⁇ 4 is: zinc oxide content is 55.2 wt.%, tin dioxide is 1 1.7 wt.%, kaolin is 15.0 wt.%, X molecular sieve content is 3.0 wt%, and nickel content is 15.1 wt. %.
  • the spray-drying of the carrier was carried out in accordance with the method of Example II-1 and the active component nickel was introduced to obtain the adsorbent II-A5.
  • the chemical composition of the adsorbent ⁇ - ⁇ 5 is: zinc oxide content of 44.3 wt.%, expanded perlite content of 20.6 wt.%, USY molecular sieve content of 7.0 wt%, tin dioxide of 10.0 wt.%, and metallic nickel content of 18.1. Wt.%. Comparative Example II- 1
  • Example II-1 The spray-drying of the carrier was carried out in accordance with the method of Example II-1 and the active component nickel was introduced to obtain the adsorbent II-B1.
  • the chemical composition of the adsorbent II-B1 is: the oxidized content is 44.3 wt.%, the expanded perlite content is 24.0 wt.%, the tin dioxide is 13.6 wt.%, and the metallic nickel content is 18.1 wt.%. Comparative Example II-2
  • a zinc oxide slurry was obtained by mixing and stirring 5.52 kg of zinc oxide powder (Headhorse Co., Ltd., purity: 99.7%) and 5.0 kg of deionized water for 30 minutes. The mixed slurry was added to the above slurry, and stirred for 1 hour to obtain a carrier slurry.
  • the spray drying of the carrier was carried out in accordance with the method of Example II-1 and the active component nickel was introduced to obtain the adsorbent ⁇ - ⁇ 2.
  • the chemical composition of the adsorbent ⁇ - ⁇ 2 was: a zinc oxide content of 55.2 wt.%, a tin dioxide content of 1 1.7 wt.%, a diatomaceous earth content of 18.0 wt.%, and a nickel content of 15.1 wt.%. Comparative ratio ⁇ -3
  • the spray drying of the carrier was carried out in accordance with the method of Example II-1 and the active components nickel and cobalt were introduced to obtain the adsorbent ⁇ - ⁇ 3.
  • the chemical composition of the adsorbent ⁇ - ⁇ 3 was: zinc oxide content of 49.3 wt.%, tin dioxide of 13.5 wt.%, and diatomaceous earth of 21.0 wt. /.
  • the nickel content was 8.1 wt.%
  • the cobalt content was 8.1 wt%. Comparative Example II-4
  • Example II-6 The spray-drying of the carrier was carried out in accordance with the method of Example II-1 and the active component nickel was introduced to obtain the adsorbent II-B4.
  • the chemical composition of the adsorbent ⁇ - ⁇ 4 was: zinc oxide content of 55.2 wt.%, tin dioxide of 11.7 wt.%, kaolin of 18.0 wt.%, and nickel content of 15.1 wt.%.
  • the adsorbents prepared by different methods were investigated for desulfurization performance and octane number.
  • the desulfurization performance is measured by the product sulfur content.
  • the sulfur content of the product is analyzed by off-line chromatography, and the crucible is evaluated by a fixed-bed micro-reverse experimental device.
  • the adsorption reaction raw material is a catalytically cracked gasoline with a sulfur concentration of 640 ppm.
  • the adsorption test process uses a hydrogen atmosphere, the reaction temperature is 410 ° C, the reaction pressure is 1.38 MPa, the hydrogen/hydrocarbon oil molar ratio is 0.35, and the weight space velocity of the reaction is A hf 1 .
  • the adsorbent In order to accurately characterize the activity of the adsorbent in industrial practice, the adsorbent is regenerated after completion of the reaction, and the regeneration treatment is carried out in an air atmosphere at 550 °C.
  • the activity of the adsorbent is basically stabilized after 6 cycles of reaction regeneration.
  • the sulfur content in the gasoline after stabilization by the adsorbent represents the activity of the adsorbent.
  • the sulfur content in the stabilized gasoline is shown in Table II-1.
  • the product gasoline is weighed to calculate its yield.
  • the motor octane number (MON) and the research octane number (RON) of the gasoline before and after the reaction were measured by GB/T 503-1995 and GB/T 5487-1995, respectively.
  • the results are shown in Table 11-1. It can be seen from Table II-1 that after the reaction of the adsorbent containing BEA or FAU molecular sieves, the octane number of the gasoline of the product increases to some extent.
  • Table ⁇ -1 Desulfurization performance and octane number of different adsorbents
  • the raw material gasoline has a sulfur content of 640 ppm, a RON of 93.0 and a MON of 82.7.
  • ARON indicates the added value of the product RON
  • A(RON+MON)/2 is the difference between the antiknock index of the product and the antiknock index of the raw material.
  • the adsorbent was prepared as follows: 1.90 kg of zirconium tetrachloride (Beijing Chemical Plant, analytical grade, 99 wt.%) was slowly added to 2.7 kg of a 5 wt.% nitric acid solution, and slowly stirred to prevent precipitation of zirconia crystals. A colorless transparent colloidal solution is obtained, which is called a zirconium sol. Then, 2.10 kg of expanded perlite (World Mining Company, 2.06 kg dry basis) was added to the above zirconium sol and stirred and mixed uniformly.
  • Will 4.43 kg of zinc oxide powder Headhorse, purity 99.7 wt.%), 0.84 A kilogram of Beta molecular sieve (Nanjing Catalyst Branch, containing 0.70 kg of dry base) and 4.57 kg of deionized water were mixed and stirred for 30 minutes to obtain a mixed slurry of zinc oxide and Beta.
  • the mixed slurry was added to the above slurry, and stirred for 1 hour to obtain a carrier slurry of the adsorbent.
  • the carrier slurry was spray dried using a Niro Bowen Nozzle TowerTM spray dryer with a spray drying pressure of 8.5 to 9.5 MPa, an inlet temperature of 500 ° C or less, and an outlet temperature of about 150 ° C.
  • the microspheres obtained by spray drying were first dried at 180 ° C for 1 hour and then calcined at 635 ° C for 1 hour to obtain a adsorbent carrier.
  • adsorbent carrier 3.2 kg was impregnated with 3.51 kg of nickel nitrate hexahydrate (Beijing Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd., purity greater than 98.5 wt.%), 0.6 kg of deionized water solution, and the resulting mixture was dried at 180 ° C for 4 hours, in an air atmosphere.
  • the adsorbent precursor can be obtained by calcination at 635 ° C for 1 hour.
  • the adsorbent precursor was reduced in a hydrogen atmosphere at 425 ° C for 2 hours to obtain an adsorbent, which was referred to as adsorbent ⁇ - ⁇ 1.
  • the chemical composition of the adsorbent III-A1 is: zinc oxide content is 44.3 wt.%, expanded perlite content is 20.6 wt.%, Beta molecular sieve content is 7.0 wt.%, zirconium dioxide binder is 10.0 wt.%, metal The nickel content was 18.1 wt.%.
  • Example ⁇ -2 The chemical composition of the adsorbent III-A1 is: zinc oxide content is 44.3 wt.%, expanded perlite content is 20.6 wt.%, Beta molecular sieve content is 7.0 wt.%, zirconium dioxide binder is 10.0 wt.%, metal The nickel content was 18.1 wt.%.
  • zirconium oxychloride Aldrich, analytical grade, 98.5 wt.% was slowly added to 3.2 kg of 15 wt.% hydrochloric acid (chemically pure, produced by Beijing Chemical Plant) with stirring and acidified for 1 hour. At this time, the solution is a colorless and transparent colloidal solution called zirconium sol. Then, 1.54 kg of diatomaceous earth (World Mining Corporation, containing 1.50 kg of dry basis) was added to the above zirconium sol and mixed under stirring.
  • diatomaceous earth World Mining Corporation, containing 1.50 kg of dry basis
  • a mixture of 5.52 kg of oxidized powder (Headhorse, purity 99.7%), 0.36 kg of Beta molecular sieve (Nanjing Catalyst Branch, containing dry base 0.30 kg) and 5.0 kg of deionized water were mixed for 30 minutes to obtain a mixed slurry of zinc oxide and Beta. .
  • the mixed slurry was added to the above slurry, and stirred for 1 hour to obtain a carrier slurry.
  • the spray drying of the carrier was carried out by referring to the method of Example ⁇ -1 and the active component nickel was introduced to obtain the adsorbent ⁇ - ⁇ 2.
  • the chemical composition of the adsorbent ⁇ - ⁇ 2 is: the oxidized content is 55.2 wt.%, the zirconia binder content is 1 1.7 wt.%, the diatomaceous earth content is 15.0 wt.%, and the beta molecular sieve content is 3.0 wt. %, the nickel content was 15.1 wt.%.
  • Example III- The adsorbent was prepared as follows: 1.76 kg of zirconium hydroxide (Aldrich, analytical grade, 99 wt.%) was added to 3.1 kg of 30 wt.% hydrochloric acid (chemically pure, produced by Beijing Chemical Plant) and stirred for 1 hour. At this time, a transparent colloidal solution called a zirconium sol is obtained.
  • zirconium hydroxide Aldrich, analytical grade, 99 wt.%
  • hydrochloric acid chemically pure, produced by Beijing Chemical Plant
  • Example III-1 The spray drying of the carrier was carried out by the method of Example III-1 and the active components of nickel and cobalt were introduced to obtain the adsorbent ⁇ - ⁇ 3.
  • the chemical composition of the adsorbent ⁇ - ⁇ 3 is: zinc oxide content is 49.3 wt.%, zirconium dioxide binder is 13.5 wt.%, diatomaceous earth is 16.0 wt.%, USY content is 5.0 wt.%, nickel content. At 8.1 wt.%, the cobalt content was 8.1% by weight.
  • Example ⁇ -4 zinc oxide content is 49.3 wt.%, zirconium dioxide binder is 13.5 wt.%, diatomaceous earth is 16.0 wt.%, USY content is 5.0 wt.%, nickel content. At 8.1 wt.%, the cobalt content was 8.1% by weight.
  • the adsorbent was prepared as follows: 1.53 kg of zirconium hydroxide (Aldrich, analytical grade, 99 wt.%) was added to 3.1 kg of 30 wt.% hydrochloric acid (chemically pure, produced by Beijing Chemical Plant) and stirred for 1 hour. At this time, a transparent colloidal solution called a zirconium sol is obtained.
  • the spray drying of the carrier was carried out in accordance with the method of Example III-1 and the active component nickel was introduced to obtain the adsorbent ⁇ - ⁇ 4.
  • the chemical composition of the adsorbent ⁇ - ⁇ 4 was: a zinc oxide content of 55.2 wt.%, a dioxic binder of 11.7 wt.%, and a kaolin of 15.0 wt.
  • the X molecular sieve content was 3.0 wt%, and the nickel content was 15.1 wt.%.
  • the adsorbent was prepared as follows: 1.90 kg of zirconium tetrachloride (Beijing Chemical Plant, analytical grade, 99 wt.%) was slowly added to 2.7 kg of 5 wt. ° / nitric acid solution, and slowly stirred The mixture is prevented from zirconia crystals from being precipitated to obtain a colorless and transparent colloidal solution called a zirconium sol. Then, 2.10 kg of expanded perlite (World Mining Company, containing 2.06 kg of dry basis) was added to the above zirconium sol and stirred and uniformly mixed.
  • the spray-drying of the carrier was carried out in accordance with the method of Example III-1 and the active component nickel was introduced to obtain the adsorbent ⁇ - ⁇ 5.
  • the chemical composition of the adsorbent ⁇ - ⁇ 5 is: zinc oxide content of 44.3 wt.%, expanded perlite content of 20.6 wt.%, USY molecular sieve content of 7.0 wt.%, cerium oxide binder of 10.0% by weight, metallic nickel The content was 18.1 wt.%. Comparative Example III-1
  • the adsorbent was prepared as follows: 2.58 kg of zirconium tetrachloride (Beijing Chemical Plant, analytical grade, 99 wt.%) was slowly added to 4.2 kg of a 5 wt.% nitric acid solution, and slowly stirred to prevent precipitation of zirconia crystals. A colorless transparent colloidal solution is obtained, which is called a zirconium sol. Then, 2.45 kg of expanded perlite (World Mining Company, 2.40 kg of dry basis) was added to the above zirconium sol and stirred and mixed uniformly.
  • the spray drying of the carrier was carried out in accordance with the method of Example III-1 and the active component nickel was introduced to obtain the adsorbent ⁇ - ⁇ 1.
  • the chemical composition of the adsorbent ⁇ - ⁇ 1 was: zinc oxide content of 44.3 wt.%, expanded perlite content of 24.0 wt.%, zirconium dioxide binder of 13.6 wt.%, and metallic nickel content of 18.1 wt.%. Comparative ratio ⁇ -2
  • zirconium oxychloride Aldrich, analytical grade, 98.5 wt.% was added to 3.2 kg of 15 wt.% hydrochloric acid (chemically pure, produced by Beijing Chemical Plant) while stirring and stirred and acidified. After 1 hour, the solution was a colorless and transparent colloidal solution called zirconium sol. Then add 1.85 kg of diatomaceous earth to the above zirconium sol (World Mining Corporation, The dry base was 1.80 kg) and mixed under stirring.
  • a zinc oxide slurry was obtained by mixing and stirring 5.52 kg of zinc oxide powder (Headhorse Co., Ltd., purity: 99.7%) and 5.0 kg of deionized water for 30 minutes. The mixed slurry was added to the above slurry, and stirred for 1 hour to obtain a carrier slurry.
  • the spray drying of the carrier was carried out by referring to the method of Example ⁇ -1 and the active component nickel was introduced to obtain the adsorbent ⁇ - ⁇ 2.
  • the chemical composition of the adsorbent ⁇ - ⁇ 2 was: a zinc oxide content of 55.2 wt.%, a zirconium dioxide binder content of 11.7 wt.%, a diatomaceous earth content of 18.0 wt.%, and a nickel content of 15.1 wt.%. Comparative ratio ⁇ -3
  • the adsorbent was prepared as follows: 1.76 kg of zirconium hydroxide (Aldrich, analytical grade, 99 wt.%) was added to 3.1 kg of 30 wt.% hydrochloric acid (chemically pure, produced by Beijing Chemical Plant) and stirred for 1 hour. At this time, a transparent colloidal solution called a zirconium sol is obtained.
  • the spray drying of the carrier was carried out in accordance with the method of Example III-1 and the active components nickel and cobalt were introduced to obtain the adsorbent ⁇ - ⁇ 3.
  • the chemical composition of the adsorbent ⁇ - ⁇ 3 was: zinc oxide content of 49.3 wt.%, zirconium dioxide binder of 13.5 wt.%, and diatomaceous earth of 21.0 wt. °/.
  • the nickel content was 8.1 wt.%
  • the cobalt content was 8.1 wt%. Comparative ratio ⁇ -4
  • the adsorbent was prepared as follows: 1.53 kg of zirconium hydroxide (Aldrich, analytical grade, 99 wt.%) was added to 3.1 kg of 30 wt.% hydrochloric acid (chemically pure, produced by Beijing Chemical Plant) and stirred for 1 hour. At this time, a transparent colloidal solution called a zirconium sol is obtained.
  • the chemical composition of the adsorbent ⁇ - ⁇ 4 was: a zinc oxide content of 55.2 wt.%, a zirconium dioxide binder of 11.7 wt.%, a kaolin of 18.0 wt.%, and a nickel content of 15.1 wt.%.
  • the adsorbents prepared by different methods were investigated for desulfurization performance and octane number.
  • the desulfurization performance is measured by the product sulfur content.
  • the sulfur content of the product is analyzed by off-line chromatography and evaluated by a fixed-bed micro-reverse experimental device.
  • the adsorption reaction raw material is a catalytically cracked gasoline with a sulfur concentration of 640 ppm.
  • the adsorption test process uses a hydrogen atmosphere, the reaction temperature is 410 ° C, the reaction pressure is 1.38 MPa, the hydrogen / hydrocarbon oil molar ratio is 0.35, and the weight velocity of the reaction is ⁇ in order to accurately characterize the activity of the adsorbent in industrial actual operation.
  • the adsorbent is subjected to regeneration treatment, and the regeneration treatment is carried out in an air atmosphere at 550 °C.
  • the activity of the adsorbent is basically stabilized after 6 cycles of reaction regeneration.
  • the sulfur content in the gasoline after stabilization by the adsorbent represents the activity of the adsorbent.
  • the sulfur content in the stabilized gasoline is shown in Table III-1.
  • the product gasoline is weighed to calculate its yield.
  • the motor octane number (MON) and the research octane number (RON) of the gasoline before and after the reaction were measured by GB/T 503-1995 and GB/T 5487-1995, respectively.
  • the results are shown in Table 111-1. It can be seen from Table ⁇ -1 that the octane number of the gasoline of the product is increased to some extent after the reaction of the adsorbent of the present invention.
  • Table III-1 Desulfurization performance and octane number of different adsorbents
  • the raw material gasoline has a sulfur content of 640 ppm, a RON of 93.0 and a MON of 82.7.
  • ARON indicates the added value of the product RON
  • A(RON+MON)/2 is the difference between the antiknock index of the product and the antiknock index of the raw material.
  • the carrier slurry was spray dried using a Niro Bowen Nozzle TowerTM spray dryer with a spray drying pressure of 8.5 to 9.5 MPa and an inlet temperature of 500. Below C, the outlet temperature is approximately 150 °C.
  • the microspheres obtained by spray drying were first dried at 180 ° C for 1 hour and then calcined at 635 ° C for 1 hour to obtain a adsorbent carrier.
  • adsorbent carrier 3.2 kg was impregnated with 3.51 kg of nickel nitrate hexahydrate (Beijing Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd., purity greater than 98.5%), 0.6 kg of deionized water solution, and the obtained mixture was dried at 180 ° C for 4 hours, and then in an air atmosphere of 635 °.
  • the adsorbent precursor can be obtained by calcination for 1 hour.
  • the adsorbent precursor was reduced in a hydrogen atmosphere at 425 ° C for 2 hours to obtain an adsorbent, which was referred to as adsorbent IV-A1.
  • the chemical composition of the adsorbent IV-A1 is: zinc oxide content of 44.3 wt.%, expanded perlite content of 20.6 wt.%, beta molecular content of 7.0 wt.%, alumina binder of 10.0 wt.%, metallic nickel The content was 18.1 wt.%. Comparative Example IV-1
  • the adsorbent was prepared as follows: 4.43 kg of zinc oxide powder (headhorse, purity 99.7%) and 4.57 kg of deionized water were mixed, and stirred for 30 minutes to obtain a zinc oxide slurry. Take 1.77 kg of alumina (produced by Shandong Aluminum Factory, containing 1.36 kg of dry base) and 2.46 kg of expanded perlite (World Mining Company, containing 2.40 kg of dry base), mix with stirring, then add 4.6 kg of deionized water and mix well. After adding 360 ml of 30% hydrochloric acid (chemically pure, produced by Beijing Chemical Plant), the mixture was acidified for 1 hour, and then heated to 80 ° C for 2 hours. Further, the zinc oxide slurry was added and mixed, and stirred for 1 hour to obtain a carrier slurry.
  • Example IV-2 The spray drying of the carrier was carried out in accordance with the method of Example IV-1 and the active component nickel was introduced to obtain the adsorbent IV-B1.
  • the chemical composition of the adsorbent IV-B 1 was 44.3 wt.%, the alumina binder content was 13.6 wt.%, the expanded perlite content was 24.0 wt.%, and the nickel content was 18.1 wt.%.
  • Example IV-2
  • the spray drying of the carrier was carried out by referring to the method of Example IV-1 and the active component nickel was introduced to obtain the adsorbent IV-A2.
  • the chemical composition of the adsorbent IV-A2 is: a zinc oxide content of 55.2 wt.%, an alumina binder content of 11.7 wt.%, a diatomaceous earth content of 15.0 wt.%, and a ⁇ molecular sieve content of 3.0 wt.%, The nickel content was 15.1 wt.%. Comparative Example IV-2
  • the spray-drying of the carrier was carried out in accordance with the method of Example IV-1 and the active component nickel was introduced to obtain the adsorbent IV-B2.
  • the chemical composition of the adsorbent IV-B2 is: The zinc oxide content is 55.2 wt.%, the alumina binder content was 1 1.7 wt.%, the diatomaceous earth content was 18.0 wt.%, and the nickel content was 15.1 wt.%.
  • the adsorbent was prepared as follows: 4.93 kg of zinc oxide powder (headhorse company, purity 99.7%), 0.56 kg of USY (Qilu Catalyst Branch, containing dry base 0.50 kg) and 5.57 kg of deionized water were mixed and stirred for 30 minutes. A mixed slurry of zinc oxide and USY molecular sieves.
  • the spray drying of the carrier was carried out in accordance with the method of Example IV-1 and the active components nickel and cobalt were introduced to obtain the adsorbent IV-A3.
  • the chemical composition of the adsorbent IV-A3 is: zinc oxide content of 49.3 wt%, alumina binder of 13.5 wt.%, diatomaceous earth of 16.0 wt.%, USY content of 5.0 wt.%, and nickel content of 8.1. Wt.%, cobalt content was 8.1 wt.%. Comparative Example IV-3
  • the adsorbent was prepared as follows: 4.93 kg of zinc oxide powder (header company, purity 99.7%) and 5.57 kg of deionized water were mixed, and stirred for 30 minutes to obtain a zinc oxide slurry.
  • the spray drying of the carrier was carried out in accordance with the method of Example IV-1 and the active components nickel and cobalt were introduced to obtain the adsorbent IV-B3.
  • the chemical composition of the adsorbent IV-B3 is: the oxidation content is 49.3 wt.%, the alumina binder is 13.5 wt.%, the diatomaceous earth is 21.0 wt.%, and the nickel contains The amount was 8.1 wt.%, and the cobalt content was 8.1 wt.%.
  • the adsorbent was prepared as follows: 5.52 kg of zinc oxide powder (Headhorse, purity 99.7%), 0.36 kg of X molecular sieve (Qilu Catalyst Division, containing 0.30 kg of dry base) and 5.57 kg of deionized water were mixed and stirred for 30 minutes. A mixed slurry of zinc oxide and X molecular sieves is obtained.
  • the spray drying of the carrier was carried out in accordance with the method of Example IV-1 and the active component nickel was introduced to obtain the adsorbent IV-A4.
  • the chemical composition of the adsorbent IV-A4 is: zinc oxide content of 55.2 wt.%, alumina binder of 11.7 wt.%, kaolin of 15.0 wt.%, X molecular sieve content of 3.0 wt.%, and nickel content of 15.1. Wt.%. Comparative Example IV-4
  • the adsorbent was prepared as follows: 5.52 kg of zinc oxide powder (headhorse, purity 99.7%) and 5.57 kg of deionized water were mixed, and stirred for 30 minutes to obtain a zinc oxide slurry.
  • Example IV-5 The spray drying of the carrier was carried out in accordance with the method of Example IV-1 and the active component nickel was introduced to obtain the adsorbent IV-B4.
  • the chemical composition of the adsorbent IV-B4 was: a zinc oxide content of 55.2 wt.%, an alumina binder of 1 1.7 wt.%, a kaolin of 18.0 wt.%, and a nickel content of 15.1 wt.%.
  • Example IV-5 Example IV-5
  • Example IV-6 The spray drying of the carrier was carried out in accordance with the method of Example IV-1 and the active components nickel and cobalt were introduced to obtain the adsorbent IV-A5.
  • the chemical composition of the adsorbent IV-A5 is: zinc oxide content of 44.3 wt.%, expanded perlite content of 20.6 wt.%, USY molecular sieve content of 7.0 wt.%, alumina binder of 10.0 wt.%, metallic nickel The content was 18.1 wt.%.
  • Example IV-6 The chemical composition of the adsorbent IV-A5 is: zinc oxide content of 44.3 wt.%, expanded perlite content of 20.6 wt.%, USY molecular sieve content of 7.0 wt.%, alumina binder of 10.0 wt.%, metallic nickel The content was 18.1 wt.%.
  • Example IV-6 Example IV-6
  • the adsorbents prepared by different methods were investigated for desulfurization performance and octane number.
  • the desulfurization performance is measured by the product sulfur content.
  • the sulfur content of the product is analyzed by off-line chromatography and evaluated by a fixed-bed micro-reverse experimental device.
  • the adsorption reaction raw material is a catalytically cracked gasoline with a sulfur concentration of 640 ppm.
  • the adsorption test process uses a hydrogen atmosphere, the reaction temperature is 410 ° C, the reaction pressure is 1.38 MPa, the hydrogen / hydrocarbon oil molar ratio is 0.35, and the reaction weight space velocity is 4 hr, in order to accurately characterize the adsorbent in industrial actual operation.
  • the activity of the adsorbent after the completion of the reaction was carried out, and the regeneration treatment was carried out in an air atmosphere at 550 °C.
  • the activity of the adsorbent is basically stabilized after 6 cycles of reaction regeneration.
  • the sulfur content in the vapor of the product after stabilization by the adsorbent represents the activity of the adsorbent.
  • the sulfur content in the stabilized gasoline is shown in Table IV-1. At the same time, the product gasoline is weighed to calculate its yield.
  • the motor octane number (MON) and the research octane number (RON) of the gasoline before and after the reaction were measured by GB/T 503-1995 and GB/T 5487-1995, respectively.
  • the results are shown in Table IV-1. It can be seen from Table IV-1 that after the reaction of the adsorbent of the present invention, the octane number of the gasoline of the product has different degrees of increase. Table IV-1 Performance of different adsorbents
  • the raw material gasoline has a sulfur content of 640 ppm, a RON of 93.0 and a MON of 82.7.
  • ARON indicates the added value of the product RON
  • A(RON+MON)/2 is the difference between the antiknock index of the product and the antiknock index of the raw material.

Abstract

提供了一种烃油脱硫吸附剂、其制备方法及其应用。该吸附剂,以吸附剂总重量为基准,包括以下组分:(1)具有BEA结构的硅铝分子筛,含量为1-20wt%;(2)选自二氧化钛、二氧化锡、二氧化锆和氧化铝中的至少一种粘结剂,含量为3-35wt%;(3)二氧化硅源,含量为5-40wt%;(4)氧化锌,含量为10-80wt%;和(5)选自钴、镍、铁和锰的至少一种促进剂金属,以金属计,含量为5-30wt%,其中所述促进剂金属的至少10wt%以还原价形式存在。该吸附剂的制备方法包括使所述粘结剂、二氧化硅源、具有BEA结构的硅铝分子筛和氧化锌接触,得到载体;使所述载体与含促进剂金属的化合物接触,得到吸附剂前体;还原所述前体得到所述吸附剂。该吸附剂用于烃油脱硫时,不仅具有较高的吸附活性和稳定性,还能显著改善产品汽油的辛垸值。

Description

一种烃油脱硫吸附剂、 其制备方法及其应用 技术领域
本发明涉及一种脱硫吸附剂。 更具体而言, 本发明涉及一种烃油 脱疏吸附剂、 其制备方法及其应用。 背景技术
CN 1355727A提供了一种含有氧化锌、 二氧化硅、 氧化铝以及镍 或钴的新型吸收组合物, 并且提供这种吸附剂的制备方法。 该方法首 先制备出含氧化锌、 二氧化硅、 氧化铝的载体, 然后通过浸渍引入镍。 该吸附剂可用于从裂化汽油或柴油机燃料中脱除硫。
CN 1208124C 中采用促进剂金属如钴和镍浸渍包含氧化锌、 膨胀 珍珠岩和氧化铝的吸附剂载体, 然后在合适温度下还原促进剂, 制备 用于脱除裂化汽油中硫化物的吸附剂。
这些现有技术的吸附剂在临氢条件下脱除汽油中硫的同时, 不可 避免的由于烯烃饱和导致辛烷值降低。
CN 101433821A提到一种降低烃油^ L含量的吸附剂, 包括稀土八 面沸石, 活性金属氧化物和载体, 其中载体包括氧化铝和氧化锌; 将 上述稀土八面沸石与载体混合物预先成形为多孔耐热固体颗粒, 再在 此固体颗粒上引入金属活性组分, 制备得到所述吸附剂。
CN 101434854A提到一种降^ ί氏轻质烃油 υ含量的吸附剂, 包括磷 改性稀土八面沸石, 活性金属氧化物和载体, 其中载体包括氧化铝和 氧化锌; 将上述稀土八面沸石经磷改性后与载体混合物预先成形为多 孔耐热固体颗粒, 再在此固体颗粒上引入金属活性组分, 制备得到所 述吸附剂。
这些现有技术的吸附剂虽然通过加入择型分子筛有利于异构化增 加汽油辛烷值, 但由于缺少合适含量的促进剂金属以及硫存储介质, 导致该吸附剂缺少足够的脱硫活性。
因此, 现有技术的状况是, 仍旧需要一种脱硫吸附剂, 其在表现 出高的脱硫吸附活性的同时, 提高脱疏产品的辛烷值。 发明内容
本发明就是为了解决该现有技术问题而提出的, 提供了一种烃油 脱硫吸附剂、 其制备方法及其应用。
具体而言, 本发明涉及以下方面的内容。
1. 一种烃油脱石克吸附剂, 以吸附剂总重量为基准, 包括以下组分:
1 ) 具有 BEA结构的硅铝分子筛, 含量为 1-20 wt%;
2)选自二氧化钛、 二氧化锡、 二氧化锆和氧化铝中的至少一种粘 结剂, 含量为 3-35 wt%;
3)二氧化硅源, 含量为 5-40 wt%;
4) 氧化锌, 含量为 10-80 wt%; 和
5)选自钴、 镍、 铁和锰的至少一种促进剂金属, 以金属计, 含量 为 5-30 wt%, 其中所述促进剂金属的至少 10wt%以还原价形式存在。
2.按照前述任一方面所述的吸附剂, 其中各组分含量为: 所述具有 BEA结构的硅铝分子筛的含量为 2-15 wt%,所述粘结剂的含量为 5-25 wt%,所述二氧化硅源的含量为 10-30 wt%,所述氧化锌的含量为 25-70 wt%, 所述促进剂金属的含量为 8-25 wt%。
3. 按照前述任一方面所述的吸附剂,其中所述具有 BEA结构的硅 铝分子筛的含量为 2-10 wt%, 所述粘结剂的含量为 8-15 wt%, 所述二 氧化硅源的含量为 12-25 wt%, 所述氧化锌的含量为 40-60 wt%, 所述 促进剂金属的含量为 12-20 wt%。
4. 按照前述任一方面所述的吸附剂, 其中所述二氧化硅源选自二 氧化硅或二氧化硅含量大于 45 wt%的天然矿物。
5. 按照前述任一方面所述的吸附剂,其中所述具有 BEA结构的硅 铝分子筛是 β分子筛。
6. 前述任一方面所迷的烃油脱^ L吸附剂的制备方法, 包括:
( 1 )使选自二氧化钛、 二氧化锡、 二氧化锆和氧化铝的至少一种 粘结剂、 二氧化硅源、 具有 ΒΕΑ结构的硅铝分子筛和氧化辞接触, 得 到载体;
(2)使所述载体与含促进剂金属的化合物接触,得到吸附剂前体; 和
( 3 )在足以形成至少 10 wt%的还原价形式的促进剂金属的条件下 处理所述吸附剂前体, 得到所述烃油脱硫吸附剂。 7. 按照前述任一方面所述的制备方法, 其中所述步骤( 1 ) 包括以 下步骤:
( la )使所述粘结剂或所述粘结剂的前身物与酸混合, 形成浆液; 和
( lb )使所述浆液与所述二氧化硅源、 所述具有 BEA结构的硅铝 分子筛和所述氧化锌混合, 并成型、 干燥和焙烧, 得到所述载体。
8. 按照前述任一方面所述的制备方法, 其中所述步骤( 1 ) 包括以 下步骤:
( la' ) 使所述二氧化硅源的至少一部分与所述粘结剂或所述粘结 剂的前身物与酸混合, 形成浆液; 和
Ob' ) 使所述浆液与剩余部分的所述二氧化硅源、 所述具有 BEA 结构的硅铝分子筛和所述氧化辞混合, 并成型、 干燥和焙烧, 得到所 述载体。
9. 按照前述任一方面所述的制备方法, 其中所述粘结剂的前身物 选自钛、 锡、 锆和 /或铝的 化物、 烷氧基化物、 羧酸盐、 水合氧化物、 氢氧化物、 水合氢氧化物和 氧化物中的至少一种。
10. 按照前述任一方面所述的制备方法, 其中所述酸选自可溶于 水的无机酸和有机酸中的至少一种, 并且所述酸的用量使得所述浆液 的 pH值达到 0.5-6。
1 1. 一种烃油 方法, 包括使含^ ^烃油与前述任一方面所述的 烃油脱硫吸附剂在足以从所述含硫烃油中除去至少一部分硫的条件下 接触。 技术效果
根据本发明制备的烃油脱^ ^吸附剂, 在显示出高的脱 ^^吸附活性 和稳定性的同时, 还具有明显的增加脱硫产品 (比如汽油) 辛烷值的 优势。 具体实施方式
在本发明的上下文中, 在没有特别规定或特别说明的情况下, 任 何反应或步骤均是在本领域常规的压力 (比如常压) 和 /或温度(比如 常温) 下进行的。 本发明涉及一种烃油脱硫吸附剂, 以吸附剂总重量为基准, 包括 以下组分: 1 )具有 BEA结构的硅铝分子筛, 含量为 l-20wt%; 2)选 自二氧化钛、 二氧化锡、 二氧化锆和氧化铝中的至少一种粘结剂, 含 量为 3-35wt%; 3)二氧化硅源, 含量为 5-40wt%; 4) 氧化锌, 含 量为 10-80wt%; 和 5) 选自钴、 镍、 铁和锰的至少一种促进剂金属, 以金属计, 含量为 5-30wt%, 其中所述促进剂金属的至少 10wt%以还 原价形式(优选金属单质的形式)存在。
根据本发明一个实施方式, 所述具有 BEA结构的硅铝分子筛的含 量为 2-15 wt%, 所述粘结剂的含量为 5-25 wt%, 所述二氧化硅源的含 量为 10-30 wt%, 所述氧化锌的含量为 25-70 wt%, 所述促进剂金属的 含量为 8-25 wt%。
根据本发明另一个实施方式, 所述具有 BEA结构的硅铝分子筛的 含量为 2-10 wt%, 所述粘结剂的含量为 8-15 wt°/。, 所述二氧化硅源的 含量为 12-25 wt%, 所述氧化锌的含量为 40-60 wt%, 所述促进剂金属 的含量为 12-20 wt%。
根据本发明进一步的实施方式, 所述烃油脱硫吸附剂的制备方法 包括以下步骤:
(1)使选自二氧化钛、 二氧化锡、 二氧化锆和氧化铝的至少一种 粘结剂、 二氧化硅源、 具有 BEA结构的硅铝分子筛和氧化锌接触, 得 到载体;
( 2 )使所述载体与含促进剂金属的化合物接触,得到吸附剂前体; 和
( 3 )在足以形成至少 10wt%的还原价形式的促进剂金属的条件下 处理所述吸附剂前体, 得到所述烃油脱硫吸附剂。
根据本发明, 作为所述具有 BEA结构的硅铝分子筛, 可以使用本 领域已知的任何具有 BEA结构的硅铝分子筛, 没有特别的限制。 所述 分子筛可以单独使用一种, 也可以多种组合使用。
根据本发明一个优选的实施方式, 所述具有 BEA结构的硅铝分子 筛是 β分子筛(Beta分子筛), 其结构式为 (Nan[AlnSi64-n0128], n<7), 是 由两个结构不同但却紧密相关的多形体 A和 B的混晶, 两者都具有十 二元环三维孔道体系, 多形体 A形成一对对映体, 空间群为 P4 2和 P4322, 晶胞参数为 a=12.5A, b=26.6A; 多形体 B属于非手性空间群 C2/c, 晶胞参数 a=17.6A, b=17.8A, c=14.4A, β=1 14.5。。 BEA结构分 子筛中十二元环孔道尺寸 7.3Αχ6.0Α<100方向 >和 5.6Αχ5.6Α <001方 向〉。
根据本发明, 对所述具有 ΒΕΑ结构的硅铝分子筛的粒度没有特别 的限定, 一般可以是 10~1000nm , 优选 100-500nm, 但并不限于此。 对 所述具有 BEA结构的硅铝分子筛的比表面积也没有特别的限定, 一般 可以是 150m2/g以上, 但并不限于此。
根据本发明, 所述二氧化硅源指的是含有二氧化硅的材料, 可以 为二氧化硅的形式, 也可以是二氧化硅含量大于 45 wt%的天然矿物的 形式。 该天然矿物中还可以含有其它组分如 A1203、 K20、 CaO、 MgO、 Fe203、 Ti02等。 该二氧化硅源比如可以选自硅藻土、 膨胀珍珠岩、 高 岭土、 硅质岩、 胶体二氧化硅、 水解二氧化硅、 气相法二氧化硅、 二 氧化硅溶胶、 大孔二氧化硅以及硅胶中的一种或几种。 所述二氧化硅 源可以单独使用一种, 也可以多种组合使用。
根据本发明, 作为所述氧化锌, 其纯度一般大于 99%。
根据本发明, 所述粘结剂选自二氧化钛、 二氧化锡、 二氧化锆和 氧化铝中的至少一种。 所述粘结剂可以使用其结晶态的形式 (比如锐 钛矿型二氧化钛) , 也可以使用其无定形态的形式, 或者还可以使用 其胶体态的形式 (比如溶胶或胶体) , 或者还可以使用其分散体的形 式 (比如含水浆液等) , 并没有特别的限制。 所述粘结剂可以单独使 用一种, 也可以多种组合使用。
根据本发明,术语"促进剂金属"指的是当将其加入到本发明的吸附 剂中时有助于促进烃油脱硫的金属组分。 该促进剂金属优选选自鈷、 镍、 铁和锰中的至少一种, 进一步优选镍。 所述促进剂金属可以单独 使用一种, 也可以多种组合使用。
根据本发明, 至少一部分在本发明吸附剂中存在的促进剂金属必 须以还原价的形式存在。 尽管不希望受到理论的束缚, 但是人们认为 还原价的促进剂可以化学吸附、 裂开或去除硫。 为此, 需要降低与促 进剂金属结合的氧原子的数目, 或者使促进剂金属的氧化态为 0 (金属 单质状态) 。 例如, 如果镍是促进剂金属, 已知氧化镍(NiO )是其普 通氧化态, 那么还原价的镍(促进剂金属)可以是镍金属 (NiQ )或者 具有式 NiOn^的非整比的氧化镍, 其中 0<χ<1。 或者, 如果钴是促进 剂金属, 已知氧化钴(CoO )是其普通氧化态, 那么还原价的钴(促进 剂金属)可以是钴金属 (CoQ )或者具有式 CoO(1-y)的非整比的氧化钴, 其中 0<y<l。 或者, 如果铁是促进剂金属, 已知氧化铁( Fe203 )是其 普通氧化态, 那么还原价的铁(促进剂金属) 可以是铁金属 (FeQ )或 者具有式 Fe20( a)的非整比的氧化铁, 其中 0<a<3。 或者, 如果锰是促 进剂金属, 已知氧化锰(Mn02 )是其普通氧化态, 那么还原价的锰(促 进剂金属) 可以是锰金属 (FeQ )或者具有式 MnO(2_b)的非整比的氧化 锰, 其中 0<b<2。
优选的是, 促进剂金属以这样的量在本发明的烃油脱硫吸附剂中 存在, 即当其在本发明下文所述的脱 4f条件下与含^ ^烃油接触时, 能 够从该烃油中有效地去除硫。 为了达到去除硫的最佳活性, 在本发明 吸附剂中存在的促进剂金属的总量中, 优选至少约 10wt%的促进剂金 属以还原价的形式(优选以金属单质的形式)存在, 更优选至少约 40wt %的促进剂金属是还原价的形式(优选金属单盾的形式), 并最优选至 少 80wt%、 至少 90wt%或更高的促进剂金属是还原价的形式(优选金 属单质的形式) 。
根据本发明的烃油脱硫吸附剂的制备方法, 在步骤(1 ) (以下称 为接触步骤) 中, 使各原料组分(即, 所迷选自二氧化钛、 二氧化锡、 二氧化锆和氧化铝的至少一种粘结剂、所述二氧化硅源、所述具有 BEA 结构的硅铝分子筛和所述氧化锌)按照本发明前述规定的各自用量进 行接触 (比如彼此混合) , 即得到本发明的接触产物 (即载体) 。 在 该步骤中, 对各原料组分的接触次序或接触顺序没有特别的限定。
根据本发明, 对所述接触步骤的进行方式没有特别的限制, 只要 可以实现各原料组分的充分接触, 并形成均勾的接触产物即可。 比如, 可以按照本领域已知的任何方式混合各原料组分至均勾即可。
如果有必要, 为了使该接触更为均匀和充分, 或者为了便于接触 的进行, 该接触步骤还可以在液体或气体介质的存在下进行。 此时所 获得的接触产物可能是浆液、 捏塑体或骨状混合物等形式。
该接触步骤可以在 0°C至 70°C的任何温度下进行。 从方便的角度 而言, 优选常温, 但有时并不限于此。 接触时间以获得均匀的接触产 物为准, 但一般为 0.5至 5小时, 有时也并不限于此。
根据本发明, 所述接触产物在制备后, 有时还可以通过本领域已 知的任何方式进行成型、 千燥和焙烧。
具体而言, 将所得到的接触产物通过本领域已知的任何方法成型 为挤出物、 片、 丸粒、 球或微球状颗粒等形状。 例如, 所述接触产物 为捏塑体或膏状混合物形式时, 可将所述接触产物直接成型 (优选挤 出成型) 为直径一般为 1.0-8.0 mm并且长度一般为 2.0-5.0 mm的圆柱 形挤出物, 然后将所得的挤出物进行干燥、 焙烧即可。 如果所得接触 产物为浆液的形式, 可以先通过干燥将其稠化为捏塑体或膏状混合物, 然后再按照前述方式进行成型。 或者, 可以将该浆液通过喷雾干燥法 而直接成型为粒度 20-200微米左右的微球。此时, 为了便于喷雾干燥, 在干燥前使所述浆液的固含量达到 10-50 wt%, 优选 20-50 wt%。
根据本发明, 所述干燥可以按照常规方式进行, 没有特别的限定。 例如, 所述干燥可以是晾干、 烘干或鼓风干燥。 干燥的温度可以是室 温至 400°C , 优选为 100-350°C , 但有时并不限于此。
根据本发明, 所述焙烧可以按照常规方式进行, 没有特别的限定。 一般来说, 焙烧温度为 400-700°C, 优选为 450-650 °C , 焙烧时间一般 至少为 0.5小时, 优选为 0.5-100小时, 更优选为 0.5-10小时, 但有时 并不限于此。
鉴于此,本发明的烃油脱硫吸附剂的制备方法优选在所述步骤( 1 ) 中还包括对所述接触产物进行成型 (按照如前所述) 、 干燥(按照如 前所述) 和焙烧(按照如前所述) 的步骤 (称为步骤 ( 1-1 ) ) 。 该步 骤 (1-1 ) 所获得的产物在本发明中也称为载体。
根据本发明一个实施方式, 所述接触步骤优选按照以下方式 A或 方式 B进行。
方式 A包括以下步骤:
( la )使所述粘结剂或所述粘结剂的前身物与酸混合, 形成浆液; 和
( lb )使所迷浆液与所述二氧化硅源、 所述具有 BEA结构的硅铝 分子筛和所述氧化锌混合, 并成型、 干燥和焙烧, 得到所述载体。
方式 B包括以下步骤:
( la' )使所述二氧化硅源的至少一部分与所述粘结剂或所述粘结 剂的前身物与酸混合, 形成浆液; 和
( lb' )使所述浆液与剩余部分的所迷二氧化硅源、 所述具有 BEA 结构的硅铝分子筛和所述氧化锌混合, 并成型、 干燥和焙烧, 得到所 述载体。
根据本发明, 所述酸选自可溶于水的无机酸和有机酸中的一种或 多种, 并且所述酸的用量 (如果使用多种酸, 指的是所有酸的总体用 量)使得最终所获得的浆液的 pH值达到 0.5-6, 优选 1-6, 进一步优选 1-5 , 更进一步优选 1-4, 最优选 1.5-4。 所述酸可以单独使用一种, 也 可以多种组合使用。
所述酸优选选自盐酸、 硝酸、 磷酸和醋酸中的一种或多种。 根据 需要, 或者为了方便操作, 所述酸可以以水溶液的形式使用。
根据本发明, 所谓"粘结剂的前身物", 指的是通过适当的处理方式 (比如经过所述步骤 ( la ) 和 ( lb ) 之后, 或者经过所述步骤 ( la' ) 和 ( lb' ) 之后) 能够生成所述粘结剂的化合物。 作为所述前身物, 比 如可以举出金属 M的! ¾化物、 烷氧基化物、 羧酸盐、 水合氧化物、 氢 氧化物、 水合氢氧化物和 氧化物, 其中 M是选自钛、 锡、 锆和铝中 的至少一种。 所述前身物可以单独使用一种, 也可以多种组合使用。
具体而言, 所述二氧化钛的前身物比如可以举出四氯化钛、 钛酸 乙酯、 钛酸异丙酯、 醋酸钛和水合氧化钛。 由于锐钛矿型二氧化钛在 经过所述步骤 ( la ) 和 ( lb ) 或者所述步骤 ( la' ) 和 ( lb' )之后仍然 能够生成锐钛矿型二氧化钛, 因此所述锐钛矿型二氧化钛有时也称为 所述二氧化钛的前身物。 这些二氧化钛的前身物可以单独使用一种, 也可以多种组合使用。 所述二氧化锆的前身物比如可以举出四氯化锆、 氧氯化锆、 醋酸锆和水合氧化锆。 由于无定形二氧化锆在经过所述步 骤 ( la ) 和 ( lb ) 或者所述步骤 ( la' ) 和 ( lb' ) 之后仍然能够生成二 氧化锆, 因此所述无定形二氧化锆有时也称为所述二氧化锆的前身物。 这些二氧化牿的前身物可以单独使用一种, 也可以多种组合使用。 所 述二氧化锡的前身物比如可以举出四氯化锡、 四异丙醇锡、 醋酸锡和 水合氧化锡。 这些二氧化锡的前身物可以单独使用一种, 也可以多种 组合使用。 所述氧化铝的前身物比如可以举出水合氧化铝、 铝溶胶、 一水软铝石 (薄水铝石) 、 £一水软铝石 (拟薄水铝石) 、 三水合氧 化铝和无定形氢氧化铝。 这些氧化铝的前身物可以单独使用一种, 也 可以多种组合使用。 由这些氧化铝的前身物所最终形成的氧化铝一般 以 γ-Α1203的形式存在。 根据本发明, 对所述步骤 ( la ) 的进行方式没有特别的限制, 只 要可以实现所述粘结剂或所述前身物与所述酸(优选所述酸的水溶液) 的充分混合, 获得均勾的浆液即可。 同样, 对所述步骤 ( la' ) 的进行 方式没有特别的限制, 只要可以实现所述粘结剂或所述前身物与所述 酸 (优选所述酸的水溶液) 和所述二氧化硅源的至少一部分的充分混 合, 获得均匀的浆液即可。 两种情况下, 混合均可以在 0°C至 70°C的 任何温度下进行。 从方便的角度而言, 优选 5 °C至 40°C, 但有时并不 限于此。 混合的时间以获得均匀的浆液为准, 但一般为 0.5至 5小时, 有时也并不限于此。
根据本发明, 表述"所述二氧化硅源的至少一部分"指的是步骤 ( la' ) 中二氧化硅源的用量是制备本发明烃油脱硫吸附剂时所使用的 全部二氧化硅源的至少一部分。 比如, 此时的所述"至少一部分"可以是 全部二氧化硅源的 30wt%以上, 优选 50wt%以上, 更优选 70wt%以上, 进一步优选 90wt%以上, 比如可以是 100wt%。 另外, 表述"剩余部分 的所述二氧化硅源"则指的是从所述全部二氧化硅源中扣除了前述"至 少一部分"而剩余量的二氧化硅源。 比如, 此时的所述"剩余部分"可以 是全部二氧化硅源的 70wt%以下, 优选 50wt%以下, 更优选 30^%以 下, 进一步优选 10wt%以下, 比如可以是 0wt%, 此时在步骤( lb' ) 中 不使用二氧化硅源。
如果步骤 ( la ) 中使用的是所述前身物, 则该前身物与所述酸反 应, 水解生成粘结性的水解产物溶液, 即胶体溶液。 该胶体溶液在本 发明中也称为浆液。 同样, 如果步骤 ( la' ) 中使用的是所述前身物, 则该前身物与所述酸反应, 水解生成粘结性的水解产物溶液, 即胶体 溶液。 该胶体溶液与所述二氧化硅源的所述至少一部分形成了本发明 所称的浆液。 此时, 步骤 ( la ) 或步骤 ( la ) 的混合时间与之前相同。 但是, 考虑到使水解更为充分和体系更为均匀等问题, 本领域已知的 处理。 所述老化处理可以按照本领域已知的方式进行, 比如在温度 60-90 °C下将所述胶体溶液或浆液静置 0.5至 3 小时即可, 但有时也并 不限于此。 根据本发明, 所述经过老化处理后的胶体溶液或浆液也统 称为浆液。
根据本发明的步骤 ( lb ) , 使所述获得的浆液与所述二氧化硅源、 所述具有 BEA结构的硅铝分子筛和所述氧化锌混合, 并成型、 干燥和 焙烧, 从而得到所述载体。 或者, 根据步骤 ( lb,) , 使所述浆液与剩 余部分的所述二氧化硅源、 所述具有 BEA结构的硅铝分子 和所述氧 化锌混合, 并成型、 干燥和焙烧, 得到所述载体。 在两种情况下, 所 述浆液与所述二氧化硅源 (或其剩余部分) 、 所述具有 BEA结构的硅 铝分子筛和所述氧化锌均可以采用任何的顺序和任何的方式混合, 只 要可以实现充分的混合而形成均匀的混合产物 (即接触产物) 即可。 例如, 可以向所述浆液中先加所述入二氧化硅源 (或其剩余部分) , 再依次或同时加入所述氧化锌以及所述具有 BEA结构的硅铝分子筛, 也可以将三者同时加入。 或者, 可以直接向所述浆液中加入所述二氧 化硅源(或其剩余部分)、 所述氧化锌和 \或所述具有 BEA结构的硅铝 分子筛。 当然, 也可以将所述二氧化硅源 (或其剩余部分) 、 所述氧 化锌和 \或所述具有 BEA结构的硅铝分子筛预先制备成含水浆液,然后 再力口入。
该步骤( lb )或步骤( lb' )可以在 0°C至 70°C的任何温度下进行。 从方便的角度而言, 优选 5 °C至 40°C , 但有时并不限于此。 混合的时 间以获得均匀的浆液为准,但一般为 0.5至 5小时,有时也并不限于此。
在获得了所述混合产物或接触产物之后, 可以按照与之前在步骤 ( 1 )或步骤( 1-1 )中针对所述接触产物描述完全相同的方式进行所述 成型、 干燥和焙烧, 从而得到所述载体。
接着, 根据本发明的步骤 (2 ) , 使所述载体与含促进剂金属的化合 物接触, 得到吸附剂前体。
根据本发明, 所述含促进剂金属的化合物是可以通过焙烧而转化为促 进剂金属的化合物。 作为所述含促进剂金属的化合物, 比如可以举出 金属 M'的醋酸盐、 碳酸盐、 硝酸盐、 硫酸盐、 硫氰酸盐、 氢氧化物、 水合氧化物、 水合氢氧化物或氧化物等, 其中 M'代表钴、 镍、 铁和锰 中的至少一种, 优选镍。 这些含促进剂金属的化合物可以单独使用一 种, 也可以多种组合使用。
根据本发明, 对所述载体与所述含促进剂金属的化合物的接触方 式没有特别的限制, 只要可以实现彼此的充分接触, 并形成均匀的接 触产物 (即吸附剂前体) 即可。 此时, 对所述载体与所述含促进剂金 属的化合物的接触次序或接触顺序没有特别的限定。 如果有必要, 为了使该接触更为均匀和充分, 或者为了便于接触 的进行, 该接触还可以在液体或气体介质的存在下进行。 此时所获得 的接触产物可能是浆液的形式。
该接触步骤可以混合均可以在 0°C至 70°C的任何温度下进行。 从 方便的角度而言, 优选 5°C至 40°C , 但有时并不限于此。 混合的时间 以获得均勾的浆液为准, 但一般为 1至 20分钟, 有时也并不限于此。 根据本发明的一个实施方式,可以通过本领域已知的浸渍法或沉淀法 实现, 所述载体与所述含促进剂金属的化合物的接触。 根据该浸渍法, 先制备出所述含促进剂金属的化合物的水溶液或水性悬浮液, 然后用 该水溶液或水性悬浮液浸渍所述载体, 由此获得浆液状的接触产物。 根据该沉淀法, 先制备出所述含促进剂金属的化合物的水溶液或水性 悬浮液, 然后用该水溶液或水性悬浮液浸渍所述载体, 接着向其中加 入氨水, 使所述含促进剂金属的化合物在所述载体上形成沉淀, 由此 获得湿态或浆液状的接触产物。
根据本发明, 所述接触产物在制备后, 尤其是所述接触产物是湿态或 浆液状时, 有时还可以通过本领域已知的任何方式进行干燥, 以除去 在其制备过程中可能引入的任何液体介质 (比如水)或气体介质。 比 如, 所述接触产物可以在约 50-300 °C下进行干燥, 优选干燥温度为 100-250 °C , 干燥时间约为 0.5-8小时, 更优选约 1-5小时。
根据本发明, 所述接触产物在制备后 (优选经过前述的干燥之后) , 有时还可以通过本领域已知的任何方式进行焙烧, 以将所述接触产物 所含有的促进剂金属转化为其相应的金属氧化物。 比如, 可以在氧气 存在下或者含氧气氛(氧含量比如大于 20vol%,优选大于 40vol% )中, 在约 300-800 °C、 更优选 450-750°C的温度下进行焙烧。 焙烧所需要的 时间一般约 0.5-4小时, 优选 1-3小时。 该焙烧后的接触产物在本发明 中也称为吸附剂前体或者有时也称为经过焙烧的吸附剂前体。
鉴于此, 本发明的烃油脱^ ^吸附剂的制备方法优选在所述步骤(2 ) 中还包括干燥(按照如前所述) 和焙烧 (按照如前所述) 所述吸附剂 前体的步骤(称为步骤 (2-1 ) ) 。
接着, 根据本发明的步骤(3 ) , 在足以形成至少 10wt。/。的还原价 形式的促进剂金属的条件下处理 (比如在氢气气氛下还原) 所述吸附 剂前体(优选所述经过焙烧的吸附剂前体或者经过前述步骤(2-1 ) 处 理的吸附剂前体) , 得到本发明的烃油脱硫吸附剂。
根据本发明, 将所述吸附剂前体在温度 300-600°C、 含氢气氛下进 行还原, 即可使至少 10wt%的促进剂金属以还原价的形式 (比如金属 单质的形式)存在。 此时, 所述温度更优选为 400-500°C , 所述含氢气 氛的氢气含量一般为 10-60 vol%,还原时间一般为 0.5-6小时,优选 1-3 小时。
本发明进一步涉及一种烃油脱硫方法, 包括使含硫烃油与本发明的前 述烃油脱硫吸附剂在足以从所述含 υ烃油中除去至少一部分硫的条件 下接触。
根据本发明, 所述烃油包括裂化汽油和柴油机燃料, 其中"裂化汽 油"意指沸程为 40至 210°C的烃或其任何馏分,是来自使较大的烃分子 裂化成较小分子的热或催化过程的产品。 适用的热裂化过程包括但不 限制于焦化、 热裂化和减粘裂化等及其组合。 适用的催化裂化过程的 例子包括但不限于流化床催化裂化和重油催化裂化等及其组合。 因此, 适用的催化裂化汽油包括但不限于焦化汽油、 热裂化汽油、 减粘裂化 汽油、 流化床催化裂化汽油和重油裂化汽油及其组合。 在某些情况下, 在本发明方法中用作烃油时可在脱硫之前将所述裂化汽油分镏和 /或加 氢处理。 所术"柴油机燃料"意指沸程为 170Ό至 450°C的烃混合物或其 任何馏分組成的液体。 此类烃油包括但不限于轻循环油、 煤油、 直馏 柴油和加氢处理柴油等及其组合。
本发明所用的术语"硫"代表任何形式的硫元素, 比如烃油(比如裂 化汽油或柴油机燃料) 中常存在的有机硫化合物。 本发明含硫烃油中 存在的硫包括但不限于氧硫化碳(COS ) 、 二硫化碳(CS2 ) 、 硫醇或 其他噻吩类化合物等及其组合, 尤其是噻吩、 苯并噻吩、 烷基噻吩、 烷基苯并噻吩和烷基二苯并噻吩等, 以及柴油机燃料中常存在的分子 量更大的噻吩类化合物。
根据本发明, 所述"足以从所迷含硫烃油中除去至少一部分硫的条件" 包括: 在氢气的存在下, 氢 /烃油的摩尔比为 0.1 -3, 更优选 0.3-0.8, 重 时空速为 l- hf1 , 更优选 3-Shr-1 , 温度 350-500°C, 优选 400-450°C, 压力 0.5-4MPa, 优选 1.0-2.0MPa。
根据需要, 本发明的烃油脱硫吸附剂在使用后 (至少部分失去脱 硫能力之后) 可以通过再生和还原过程而重新使用。 所述再生过程包 括: 氧气存在下或者含氧气氛 (氧含量比如大于 5vol% , 优选大于 200vol% ) 中, 常压, 温度 400-700°C , 优选 500-600°C, 时间 0.5至 2 小时。 所述还原过程包括: 氢气存在下或者含氢气氛, 温度 350-500°C , 优选 370-450°C ,压力 0.2-2MPa,优选 0.2-1.5MPa, 时间 0.2至 2小时。 实施例
下面的实施例将对本发明做进一步的说明, 但并不因此而限定本 发明。
在以下的所有实施例和对比例中, 烃油脱硫吸附剂的组成采用 XRD ( X射线衍射)分析。 实施例 1-1
吸附剂按如下方法制备: 将 2.42千克四氯化钛(北京化工厂, 分 析纯, 99 wt.% )緩慢加入到 3.2千克去酸性水中, 并緩慢搅拌避免氧 化钛晶体析出, 此时溶液呈无色透明的胶状溶液状态, 称为钛溶胶。 然后往上述钛溶胶中加入 2.10千克的膨胀珍珠岩 (世界矿业公司, 含 干基 2.06千克 ) 并搅拌混合均匀。
将 4.43千克氧化锌粉末( Headhorse公司, 纯度 99.7 wt.% ) , 0.84 千克 Beta分子筛(南京催化剂分公司, 含干基 0.70千克)和 4.57千克 去离子水混合,搅拌 30分钟后得到氧化锌和 Beta分子 混合浆液。把 该混合浆液加入上述浆液中, 并搅拌 1小时后得到吸附剂的载体浆液。
所述载体浆液采用 Niro Bowen Nozzle Tower™ 型号的喷雾干燥 机进行喷雾干燥, 喷雾干燥压力为 8.5至 9.5 MPa, 入口温度 500°C以 下, 出口温度约为 150° (:。 由喷雾干燥得到的微球先在 180°C下干燥 1 小时, 然后在 635 °C下焙烧 1小时得到吸附剂载体。
将 3.2千克的吸附剂载体用 3.51 千克六水合硝酸镍(北京化学试 剂公司, 纯度大于 98.5 wt.% )、 0.6千克去离子水溶液浸渍, 得到的混 合物经过 180°C干燥 4小时后, 在空气气氛 635°C焙烧 1小时即可制 得吸附剂前体。
吸附剂前体在 425°C的氢气气氛中还原 2小时即可得到吸附剂, 该吸附剂记为吸附剂 I-A1。 吸附剂 I-A1的化学组成为: 氧化锌含量为 44.3 wt.%, 膨胀珍珠岩含量为 20.6wt.%, Beta分子筛含量为 7.0wt%, 二氧化钛 10.0 wt.%, 金属镍含量为 18.1wt.%。 实施例 1-2
取 1.26千克二氧化钛(锐钛矿型, 含二氧化钛干基 1.17千克)加 入到 2.6千克 10 %的盐酸(化学纯, 北京化工厂出品)中并搅拌酸化 1 小时, 此时氧化钛完全溶解为无色透明的胶状溶液, 称为钛溶胶。 然 后往上述钛溶胶中加入 1.54千克的硅藻土(世界矿业公司,含干基 1.50 千克) 在搅拌下混合。
把 5.52千克氧化锌粉末(Headhorse公司, 纯度 99.7% ) , 0.36千 克 Beta分子筛 (南京催化剂分公司, 含干基 0.30千克) 和 5.0千克去 离子水混合搅拌 30分钟后得到氧化锌和 Beta分子 混合浆液。把该混 合浆液加入上述浆液中, 并搅拌 1小时后得到载体浆液。
参照实施例 1-1 的方法进行载体的喷雾干燥成型并引入活性组分 镍, 得到吸附剂 I-A2。 吸附剂 I-A2的化学组成为: 氧化锌含量为 55.2 wt.%, 二氧化钛含量为 11.7wt.%, 硅藻土含量为 15.0wt.%, Beta分子 筛含量为 3.0wt%, 镍含量为 15.1wt.%。 实施例 1-3
吸附剂按如下方法制备: 将 3.87千克钛酸乙酯(Aldrich公司, 分 析纯, 99% )在搅拌的情况下緩慢加入到 3.2千克 10 % 的硝酸(化学 纯, 北京化工厂出品) 溶液中并搅拌 1 小时, 此时溶液呈淡黄色透明 的胶状溶液, 称为钛溶胶。
将 4.93千克氧化锌粉末( Headhorse公司, 纯度 99.7% ) , 1.64千 克的硅藻土(世界矿业公司, 含干基 1.60千克), 0.56千克 USY分子 筛(齐鲁催化剂分公司,含干基 0.50千克)和 6.40千克去离子水混合, 搅拌 30分钟后得到混合浆液。 把该混合浆液加入上述浆液中, 并搅拌 1小时后得到载体浆液。
参照实施例 1-1的方法进行载体的喷雾干燥成型并引入活性组分镍和 钴, 得到吸附剂 I-A3。 吸附剂 I-A3的化学组成为: 氧化锌含量为 49.3 wt.%,二氧化钛为 13.5 wt.0/。,硅藻土为 16.0wt.%, USY含量为 5.0wt%, 镍含量为 8.1 wt.%, 钴含量为 8.1wt%。 实施例 1-4
吸附剂按如下方法制备: 将 3.36千克钛酸乙酯(Aldrich公司, 分 析纯, 99% ) 在搅拌的情况下緩慢加入到 3.2千克 10 % 的硝酸(化学 純, 北京化工厂出品) 溶液中并搅拌 1 小时, 此时溶液呈淡黄色透明 的胶状溶液, 称为钛溶胶。
将 5.52千克氧化锌粉末( Headhorse公司, 纯度 99.7% ) , 2.03千 克的高岭土 (苏州高岭土厂, 含干基 1.50千克) , 0.36千克 X分子筛 (齐鲁催化剂分公司, 含干基 0.30千克)和 6.40千克去离子水混合, 搅拌 30分钟后得到混合浆液。 把该混合浆液加入上述浆液中, 并搅拌 1小时后得到载体浆液。
参照实施例 1-1的方法进行载体的喷雾干燥成型并引入活性组分镍, 得到吸附剂 I-A4。吸附剂 I-A4的化学组成为:氧化锌含量为 55.2wt.%, 二氧化钛为 11.7 wt.%, 高岭土为 15.0wt.%, X分子筛含量为 3.0wt%, 镍含量为 15.1wt.%。 实施例 1-5
吸附剂按如下方法制备: 将 2.42千克四氯化钛(北京化工厂, 分 析纯, 99 wt.% )緩慢加入到 3.2千克去酸性水中, 并緩慢搅拌避免氧 化钛晶体析出, 此时溶液呈无色透明的胶状溶液状态, 称为钛溶胶。 然后往上述钛溶胶中加入 2.10千克的膨胀珍珠岩 (世界矿业公司, 含 干基 2.06千克) 并搅拌混合均匀。
将 4.43千克氧化锌粉末 ( Headhorse公司 , 纯度 99.7 wt.% ) , 0.78 千克 USY分子筛 (齐鲁催化剂分公司, 含干基 0.70千克) 和 4.57千 克去离子水混合, 搅拌 30分钟后得到氧化锌和 USY分子 混合浆液。 把该混合浆液加入上迷浆液中, 并搅拌 1 小时后得到吸附剂的载体浆 液。
参照实施例 1-1 的方法进行栽体的喷雾干燥成型并引入活性组分 镍, 得到吸附剂 I-A4。 吸附剂 I-A4的化学组成为: 氧化辞含量为 44.3 wt.%, 膨胀珍珠岩含量为 20.6wt.%, USY分子筛含量为 7.0wt%, 二氧 化钛 10.0 wt.%, 金属镍含量为 18.1 wt.%。 对比例 1-1 吸附剂按如下方法制备: 将 3.31 千克四氯化钛(北京化工厂, 分 析纯, 99 wt.% )緩慢加入到 5.0千克去酸性水中, 并緩慢搅拌避免氧 化钛晶体析出, 此时溶液呈无色透明的胶状溶液状态, 称为钛溶胶。 然后往上述钛溶胶中加入 2.45千克的膨胀珍珠岩 (世界矿业公司, 含 干基 2.40千克) 并搅拌混合均匀。
将 4.43千克氧化锌粉末 ( Headhorse公司, 纯度 99.7 wt.% )和 4.57 千克去离子水混合, 搅拌 30分钟后得到氧化锌浆液。 把该混合浆液加 入上述浆液中, 并搅拌 1小时后得到吸附剂的载体浆液。
参照实施例 1-1 的方法进行载体的喷雾干燥成型并引入活性组分 镍, 得到吸附剂 I-B 1。 吸附剂 I-B1的化学组成为: 氧化锌含量为 44.3 wt.%, 膨胀珍珠岩含量为 24.0wt.%, 二氧化钛 13.6 wt.%, 金属镍含量 为 18.1 wt.%。 对比例 1-2
取 1.26千克二氧化钛(锐钛矿型 , 含二氧化钛干基 1.17千克)加 入到 2.6千克 10 %的盐酸(化学纯, 北京化工厂出品)中并搅拌酸化 1 小时, 此时氧化钛完全溶解为无色透明的胶状溶液, 称为钛溶胶。 然 后往上述钛溶胶中加入 1.85千克的硅藻土(世界矿业公司,含干基 1.80 千克)在搅拌下混合。
把 5.52千克氧化锌粉末( Headhorse公司, 纯度 99.7% )和 5.0千 克去离子水混合搅拌 30分钟后得到氧化锌浆液。 把该混合浆液加入上 述浆液中, 并搅拌 1小时后得到载体浆液。
参照实施例 1-1 的方法进行栽体的喷雾干燥成型并引入活性组分 镍, 得到吸附剂 I-B2。 吸附剂 I-B2的化学组成为: 氧化辞含量为 55.2 wt. % , 二氧化钛含量为 1 1.7wt.%, 硅藻土含量为 18.0wt.%, 镍含量为 15.1wt.%。 对比例 1-3
吸附剂按如下方法制备: 将 3.87千克钛酸乙酯(Aldrich公司, 分 析纯, 99% )在搅拌的情况下緩慢加入到 3.2千克 10 % 的硝酸(化学 纯, 北京化工厂出品) 溶液中并搅拌 1 小时, 此时溶液呈淡黄色透明 的胶状溶液, 称为钛溶胶。 将 4.93千克氧化锌粉末( Headhorse公司, 纯度 99.7% ), 2.15千 克的硅藻土(世界矿业公司, 含干基 2.10千克)和 6.80千克去离子水 混合, 搅拌 30分钟后得到混合浆液。 把该混合浆液加入上述浆液中, 并搅拌 1小时后得到载体浆液。
参照实施例 1-1的方法进行载体的喷雾干燥成型并引入活性组分镍和 钴, 得到吸附剂 I-B3。 吸附剂 I-B3的化学组成为: 氧化锌含量为 49.3 wt.%, 二氧化钛为 13.5 wt.%, 硅藻土为 21.0wt.%, 镍含量为 8.1wt.%, 钴含量为 8.1wt%。 对比例 1-4
吸附剂按如下方法制备: 将 3.36千克钛酸乙酯(Aldrich公司, 分 析纯, 99% )在搅拌的情况下緩慢加入到 3.2千克 10 % 的硝酸(化学 纯, 北京化工厂出品) 溶液中并搅拌 1 小时, 此时溶液呈淡黄色透明 的胶状溶液, 称为钛溶胶。
将 5.52千克氧化锌粉末( Headhorse公司, 纯度 99.7% ) , 2.44千 克的高岭土(苏州高岭土厂, 含干基 1.80千克)和 7.00千克去离子水 混合, 搅拌 30分钟后得到混合浆液。 把该混合浆液加入上述浆液中, 并搅拌 1小时后得到载体浆液。
参照实施例 1-1的方法进行载体的喷雾干燥成型并引入活性组分镍, 得到吸附剂 I-B4。吸附剂 I-B4的化学组成为:氧化锌含量为 55.2wt.%, 氧化钛为 11.7 wt.%, 高岭土为 18.0wt.%, 镍含量为 15.1wt.%。 实施例 1-6
对不同方法制备出的吸附剂考察脱硫性能以及辛烷值两项指标。 脱硫性能以产物硫含量衡量, 产物中硫含量采用离线色谱分析, 采用 固定床微反实验装置进行评价, 吸附反应原料采用硫浓度为 640 ppm 的催化裂化汽油。 吸附测试过程采用氢气气氛, 反应温度为 410°C, 反 应压力为 1.38MPa,氢 /烃油的摩尔比为 0.35 ,反应的重量空速为 4 1Π·-1 , 为了准确表征出吸附剂在工业实际运行中的活性, 反应完成后吸附剂 进行再生处理, 再生处理是在 550 °C的空气气氛下进行的。 吸附剂进 行反应再生 6 个循环后其活性基本稳定下来, 以吸附剂稳定后产品汽 油中的硫含量代表吸附剂的活性,稳定后产品汽油中硫含量如表 1-1所 示。 同时对产品汽油进行称重计算其收率。
分别采用 GB/T 503-1995和 GB/T 5487-1995测出反应前后汽油的 马达法辛烷值(MON )和研究法辛烷值(RON ) , 结果见表 1-1。 通过 表 1-1可以看出, 含有 BEA或 FAU结构分子筛的吸附剂反应后, 产品 汽油的辛烷值均有不同程度的增加。 表 1-1 不同吸附剂的脱硫性能和辛烷值
Figure imgf000019_0001
1、 原料汽油的硫含量为 640ppm, RON为 93.0, MON为 82.7。 2、 ΔΜΟΝ表示产品 MON的增加值;
3、 ARON表示产品 RON的增加值;
4、 A(RON+MON)/2为产品抗爆指数与原料抗爆指数之差。 实施例 II- 1
将 2.33 千克结晶四氯化锡 (SnCl4.5H20, Alfa Aesar公司, 纯度
99 wt.% )緩慢加入到 3.2千克酸性水中, 并緩慢搅拌避免氧化锡晶体 析出, 得到无色透明的锡溶胶。 然后往上述锡溶胶中加入 2.10千克的 膨胀珍珠岩 (世界矿业公司, 含干基 2.06千克) 并搅拌混合均匀。
将 4.43千克氧化锌粉末( Headhorse公司 , 纯度 99.7 wt % ), 0.84 千克 Beta分子筛(南京催化剂分公司, 含干基 0.70千克)和 4.57千克 去离子水混合,搅拌 30分钟后得到氧化锌和 Beta分子筛混合浆液。把 该混合浆液加入上述浆液中, 并搅拌 1小时后得到吸附剂的载体浆液。
所述载体浆液采用 Niro Bowen Nozzle Tower™ 型号的喷雾干燥 机进行喷雾干燥, 喷雾干燥压力为 8.5至 9.5 MPa, 入口温度 500°C以 下, 出口温度约为 150°C。 由喷雾干燥得到的微球先在 180°C下干燥 1 小时, 然后在 635 °C下焙烧 1小时得到吸附剂载体。
将 3.2千克的吸附剂载体用 3.51 千克六水合硝酸镍(北京化学试 剂公司, 纯度大于 98.5 wt % )、 0.6千克去离子水溶液浸渍, 得到的混 合物经过 180°C干燥 4小时后, 在空气气氛 635°C焙烧 1小时即可制 得吸附剂前体。
吸附剂前体在 425°C的氢气气氛中还原 2小时即可得到吸附剂, 该吸附剂记为吸附剂 Π-Α1。 吸附剂 II-A1 的化学组成为: 氧化锌含量 为 44.3 wt.°/。,膨胀珍珠岩含量为 20.6wt.%, Beta分子筛含量为 7.0wt%, 二氧化锡 10.0 wt.%, 金属镍含量为 18.1wt.%。 实施例 Π-2
取 1.26千克二丁基氧化锡 (Aldrich公司, 分析纯, 99 wt % )加 入到 2.6千克 10 %的盐酸(化学纯, 北京化工厂出品) 中, 并升温至 80。C老化 1小时, 此时氧化锡完全溶解为无色透明的胶状溶液, 称为 锡溶胶。 然后往上述锡溶胶中加入 1.54千克的硅藻土(世界矿业公司, 含干基 1.50千克) 在搅拌下混合。
把 5.52千克氧化锌粉末(Headhorse公司, 纯度 99.7% ) , 0.36千 克 Beta分子筛 (南京催化剂分公司, 含干基 0.30千克) 和 5.0千克去 离子水混合搅拌 30分钟后得到氧化锌和 Beta混合浆液。把该混合浆液 加入上述浆液中, 并搅拌 1小时后得到载体浆液。
参照实施例 II-1 的方法进行载体的喷雾干燥成型并引入活性组分 镍,得到吸附剂 Π-Α2。吸附剂 ΙΙ-Α2的化学组成为: 氧化锌含量为 55.2 wt.%, 二氧化锡含量为 11.7wt.%, 硅藻土含量为 15.0wt.%, Beta分子 筛含量为 3.0wt%, 镍含量为 15.1wt.%。 实施例 Π-3
将 3.19千克醋酸锡 (Aldrich公司, 分析纯, 99 wt % )在搅拌的 情况下緩慢加入到 3.5千克 5% 的盐酸(化学纯, 北京化工厂出品)溶 液中并搅拌 1小时, 此时溶液呈白色的溶胶状态。
将 4.93千克氧化锌粉末( Headhorse公司, 纯度 99.7% ) , 1.64千 克的硅藻土(世界矿业公司, 含干基 1.60千克) , 0.56千克 USY分子 筛(齐鲁催化剂分公司,含干基 0.50千克)和 6.40千克去离子水混合, 搅拌 30分钟后得到混合浆液。 把该混合浆液加入上述浆液中, 并搅拌 1小时后得到载体浆液。
参照实施例 Π-1 的方法进行载体的喷雾干燥成型并引入活性组分镍 和钴, 得到吸附剂 Π-Α3。 吸附剂 Π-Α3的化学组成为: 氧化锌含量为 49.3 wt.%, 二氧化锡为 13.5 wt.%, 硅藻土为 16.0wt.%, USY含量为 5.0wt%, 镍含量为 8.1wt.%, 钴含量为 8.1wt%。 实施例 II-4
将 2.64千克醋酸锡 (Aldrich公司, 分析纯, 99 wt % )在搅拌的 情况下緩慢加入到 3.5千克 5% 的盐酸(化学纯, 北京化工厂出品)溶 液中并搅拌 1小时, 此时溶液呈白色的溶胶状态。
将 5.52千克氧化锌粉末( Headhorse公司, 纯度 99.7% ) , 2.03千 克的高岭土 (苏州高岭土厂, 含干基 1.50千克) , 0.36千克 X分子筛 (齐鲁催化剂分公司, 含干基 0.30千克)和 6.40千克去离子水混合, 搅拌 30分钟后得到混合浆液。 把该混合浆液加入上述浆液中, 并搅拌 1小时后得到载体浆液。
参照实施例 II-1的方法进行载体的喷雾干燥成型并引入活性组分镍, 得到吸附剂 Π-Α4。 吸附剂 Π-Α4 的化学组成为: 氧化锌含量为 55.2 wt.%, 二氧化锡为 1 1.7 wt.%, 高岭土为 15.0wt.%, X分子筛含量为 3.0wt%, 镍含量为 15.1wt.%。 实施例 Π-5
将 2.33 千克结晶四氯化锡 (SnCl4.5H20, Alfa Aesar公司, 纯度
99 wt.% )緩慢加入到 3.2千克酸性水中, 并緩慢搅拌避免氧化锡晶体 析出, 得到无色透明的锡溶胶。 然后往上述锡溶胶中加入 2.10千克的 膨胀珍珠岩 (世界矿业公司, 含干基 2.06千克) 并搅拌混合均匀。 将 4.43千克氧化辞粉末(Headhorse公司 , 纯度 99.7 wt % ) , 0.78 千克 USY分子筛 (齐鲁催化剂分公司, 含干基 0.70千克)和 4.57千 克去离子水混合, 搅拌 30分钟后得到氧化锌和 USY分子薛混合浆液。 把该混合浆液加入上述浆液中, 并搅拌 1 小时后得到吸附剂的栽体浆 液。
参照实施例 II-1的方法进行载体的喷雾干燥成型并引入活性组分镍, 得到吸附剂 II-A5。 吸附剂 Π-Α5 的化学组成为: 氧化锌含量为 44.3 wt.%, 膨胀珍珠岩含量为 20.6wt.%, USY分子筛含量为 7.0wt%, 二氧 化锡 10.0 wt.%, 金属镍含量为 18.1wt.%。 对比例 II- 1
将 3.17千克结晶四氯化锡 (SnCl4.5H20, Alfa Aesar公司, 纯度 99 wt.% )緩慢加入到 4.2千克酸性水中, 并緩慢搅拌避免氧化锡晶体 析出, 得到无色透明的锡溶胶。 然后往上述锡溶胶中加入 2.45千克的 膨胀珍珠岩 (世界矿业公司, 含干基 2.40千克) 并搅拌混合均匀。 将 4.43千克氧化锌粉末(Headhorse公司, 纯度 99.7 wt % )和 4.57 千克去离子水混合, 搅拌 30分钟后得到氧化锌浆液。 把该混合浆液加 入上述浆液中, 并搅拌 1小时后得到吸附剂的载体浆液。
参照实施例 II-1的方法进行载体的喷雾干燥成型并引入活性组分镍, 得到吸附剂 II-B1。 吸附剂 II-B1 的化学组成为: 氧化辞含量为 44.3 wt.%, 膨胀珍珠岩含量为 24.0wt.%, 二氧化锡 13.6 wt.%, 金属镍含量 为 18.1wt.%。 对比例 II-2
取 1.26千克二丁基氧化锡 (Aldrich公司, 分析纯, 99 wt % )加 入到 2.6千克 10 %的盐酸(化学纯, 北京化工厂出品) 中, 并升温至 80。C老化 1小时, 此时氧化锡完全溶解为无色透明的胶状溶液, 称为 锡溶胶。 然后往上述锡溶胶中加入 1.85千克的硅藻土(世界矿业公司, 含干基 1.80千克)在搅拌下混合。
把 5.52千克氧化锌粉末( Headhorse公司, 纯度 99.7% )和 5.0千 克去离子水混合搅拌 30分钟后得到氧化锌浆液。 把该混合浆液加入上 述浆液中, 并搅拌 1小时后得到载体浆液。
参照实施例 II-1 的方法进行载体的喷雾千燥成型并引入活性组分 镍,得到吸附剂 Π-Β2。吸附剂 Π-Β2的化学组成为: 氧化锌含量为 55.2 wt.%, 二氧化锡含量为 1 1.7wt.%, 硅藻土含量为 18.0wt.%, 镍含量为 15.1wt.%。 对比例 Π-3
将 3.19千克醋酸锡 (Aldrich公司, 分析纯, 99 wt % )在撹拌的 情况下緩慢加入到 3.5千克 5% 的盐酸(化学纯, 北京化工厂出品)溶 液中并搅拌 1小时, 此时溶液呈白色的溶胶状态。
将 4.93千克氧化锌粉末( Headhorse公司, 纯度 99.7% ) , 2.15千 克的硅藻土(世界矿业公司, 含干基 2.10千克)和 6.80千克去离子水 混合, 搅拌 30分钟后得到混合浆液。 把该混合浆液加入上述浆液中, 并搅拌 1小时后得到载体浆液。
参照实施例 II-1 的方法进行载体的喷雾干燥成型并引入活性组分 镍和钴, 得到吸附剂 Π-Β3。 吸附剂 ΙΙ-Β3的化学组成为: 氧化锌含量 为 49.3 wt.%, 二氧化锡为 13.5 wt.%, 硅藻土为 21.0wt。/。, 镍含量为 8.1wt.%, 钴含量为 8.1wt%。 对比例 II-4
将 2.64千克醋酸锡 (Aldrich公司, 分析纯, 99 wt % )在搅拌的 情况下緩慢加入到 3.5千克 5% 的盐酸(化学纯, 北京化工厂出品)溶 液中并搅拌 1小时, 此时溶液呈白色的溶胶状态。
将 5.52千克氧化辞粉末 ( Headhorse公司, 纯度 99.7% ) , 2.44千 克的高岭土(苏州高岭土厂, 含干基 1.80千克)和 6.80千克去离子水 混合, 搅拌 30分钟后得到混合浆液。 把该混合浆液加入上述浆液中, 并搅拌 1小时后得到载体浆液。
参照实施例 II-1的方法进行载体的喷雾干燥成型并引入活性组分镍, 得到吸附剂 II-B4。吸附剂 Π-Β4的化学组成为:氧化锌含量为 55.2wt.%, 二氧化锡为 11.7 wt.%, 高岭土为 18.0wt.%, 镍含量为 15.1wt.%。 实施例 II-6
对不同方法制备出的吸附剂考察脱硫性能以及辛烷值两项指标。 脱硫性能以产物硫含量衡量, 产物中硫含量采用离线色谱分析, 釆用 固定床微反实验装置进行评价, 吸附反应原料采用硫浓度为 640 ppm 的催化裂化汽油。 吸附测试过程采用氢气气氛, 反应温度为 410°C, 反 应压力为 1.38MPa,氢 /烃油的摩尔比为 0.35 ,反应的重量空速为 A hf1 , 为了准确表征出吸附剂在工业实际运行中的活性, 反应完成后吸附剂 进行再生处理, 再生处理是在 550 °C的空气气氛下进行的。 吸附剂进 行反应再生 6 个循环后其活性基本稳定下来, 以吸附剂稳定后产品汽 油中的硫含量代表吸附剂的活性, 稳定后产品汽油中硫含量如表 II-1 所示。 同时对产品汽油进行称重计算其收率。
分别釆用 GB/T 503-1995和 GB/T 5487-1995测出反应前后汽油的 马达法辛烷值 (MON ) 和研究法辛烷值 (RON ) , 结果见表 11-1。 通 过表 II-1 可以看出, 含有 BEA或 FAU结构分子筛的吸附剂反应后, 产品汽油的辛烷值均有不同程度的增加。 表 Π- 1 不同吸附剂的脱硫性能和辛烷值
Figure imgf000024_0001
1、 原料汽油的硫含量为 640ppm, RON为 93.0, MON为 82.7。
2、 ΔΜΟΝ表示产品 MON的增加值;
3、 ARON表示产品 RON的增加值;
4、 A(RON+MON)/2为产品抗爆指数与原料抗爆指数之差。 实施例 III-1
吸附剂按如下方法制备: 将 1.90千克四氯化锆(北京化工厂, 分 析纯, 99 wt.% ) 緩慢加入到 2.7千克 5 wt.%的硝酸溶液中, 并緩慢搅 拌避免氧化锆晶体析出, 得到无色透明的胶状溶液, 称为锆溶胶。 然 后往上述锆溶胶中加入 2.10千克的膨胀珍珠岩 (世界矿业公司, 含干 基 2.06千克) 并搅拌混合均匀。
将 4.43千克氧化锌粉末( Headhorse公司, 纯度 99.7 wt.% ) , 0.84 千克 Beta分子筛(南京催化剂分公司, 含干基 0.70千克)和 4.57千克 去离子水混合,搅拌 30分钟后得到氧化锌和 Beta分子歸混合浆液。把 该混合浆液加入上述浆液中, 并搅拌 1小时后得到吸附剂的载体浆液。
所述载体浆液釆用 Niro Bowen Nozzle Tower™ 型号的喷雾千燥 机进行喷雾干燥, 喷雾干燥压力为 8.5至 9.5 MPa, 入口温度 500°C以 下, 出口温度约为 150°C。 由喷雾干燥得到的微球先在 180°C下干燥 1 小时, 然后在 635 °C下焙烧 1小时得到吸附剂载体。
将 3.2千克的吸附剂载体用 3.51 千克六水合硝酸镍(北京化学试 剂公司, 纯度大于 98.5 wt.% ) 、 0.6千克去离子水溶液浸渍, 得到的混 合物经过 180°C干燥 4小时后, 在空气气氛 635°C焙烧 1 小时即可制 得吸附剂前体。
吸附剂前体在 425°C的氢气气氛中还原 2小时即可得到吸附剂, 该吸附剂记为吸附剂 ΠΙ-Α1。吸附剂 III-A1的化学组成为: 氧化锌含量 为 44.3wt.%,膨胀珍珠岩含量为 20.6wt.%,Beta分子筛含量为 7.0wt.%, 二氧化锆粘结剂 10.0wt.%, 金属镍含量为 18.1wt.%。 实施例 ΠΙ-2
将 1.71千克氧氯化锆( Aldrich公司, 分析纯, 98.5 wt.% )在搅拌 的情况下緩慢加入到 3.2千克 15 wt.% 的盐酸(化学纯, 北京化工厂出 品) 中并搅拌酸化 1 小时, 此时溶液呈无色透明的胶状溶液, 称为锆 溶胶。 然后往上述锆溶胶中加入 1.54千克的硅藻土 (世界矿业公司, 含干基 1.50千克)在搅拌下混合。
把 5.52千克氧化辞粉末(Headhorse公司, 纯度 99.7% ) , 0.36千 克 Beta分子筛 (南京催化剂分公司, 含干基 0.30千克) 和 5.0千克去 离子水混合搅拌 30分钟后得到氧化锌和 Beta分子 混合浆液。把该混 合浆液加入上述浆液中, 并搅拌 1小时后得到载体浆液。
参照实施例 ΙΠ-1的方法进行载体的喷雾干燥成型并引入活性组分 镍, 得到吸附剂 ΙΠ-Α2。 吸附剂 ΙΠ-Α2 的化学组成为: 氧化辞含量为 55.2 wt.%, 二氧化锆粘结剂含量为 1 1.7wt.%, 硅藻土含量为 15.0wt.%, Beta分子筛含量为 3.0wt.%, 镍含量为 15.1wt.%。 实施例 III- 吸附剂按如下方法制备: 将 1.76千克氢氧化锆( Aldrich公司, 分 析纯, 99 wt.% )加入到 3.1千克 30 wt.% 的盐酸(化学纯, 北京化工 厂出品) 中并搅拌酸化 1 小时, 此时得到透明的胶状溶液, 称为锆溶 胶。
将 4.93千克氧化锌粉末( Headhorse公司, 纯度 99.7% ) , 1.64千 克的硅藻土(世界矿业公司, 含干基 1.60千克), 0.56千克 USY分子 筛(齐鲁催化剂分公司,含干基 0.50千克)和 6.40千克去离子水混合, 搅拌 30分钟后得到混合浆液。 把该混合浆液加入上述锆溶胶中, 并搅 拌 1小时后得到载体浆液。
参照实施例 III-1 的方法进行载体的喷雾干燥成型并引入活性组分镍 和钴, 得到吸附剂 ΠΙ-Α3。 吸附剂 ΙΠ-Α3的化学组成为: 氧化锌含量为 49.3wt.%, 二氧化锆粘结剂为 13.5wt.%, 硅藻土为 16.0wt.%, USY含 量为 5.0wt.%, 镍含量为 8.1wt.%, 钴含量为 8.1wt%。 实施例 ΠΙ-4
吸附剂按如下方法制备: 将 1.53千克氢氧化锆(Aldrich公司, 分 析纯, 99 wt.% )加入到 3.1千克 30 wt.% 的盐酸(化学纯, 北京化工 厂出品) 中并搅拌酸化 1 小时, 此时得到透明的胶状溶液, 称为锆溶 胶。
将 5.52千克氧化辞粉末( Headhorse公司 , 纯度 99.7% ) , 2.03千 克的高岭土 (苏州高岭土厂, 含干基 1.50千克) , 0.36千克 X分子筛 (齐鲁催化剂分公司, 含干基 0.30千克)和 7.40千克去离子水混合, 搅拌 30分钟后得到混合浆液。 把该混合浆液加入上述锆溶胶中, 并搅 拌 1小时后得到载体浆液。
参照实施例 III-1的方法进行载体的喷雾干燥成型并引入活性组分 镍, 得到吸附剂 ΠΙ-Α4。 吸附剂 ΙΠ-Α4 的化学组成为: 氧化锌含量为 55.2wt.%, 二氧化错粘结剂为 11.7wt.%, 高岭土为 15.0wt°/。, X分子 筛含量为 3.0wt%, 镍含量为 15.1wt.%。 实施例 ΠΙ-5
吸附剂按如下方法制备: 将 1.90千克四氯化锆(北京化工厂, 分 析纯, 99 wt.% )緩慢加入到 2.7千克 5 wt.°/ 々硝酸溶液中, 并緩慢搅 拌避免氧化锆晶体析出, 得到无色透明的胶状溶液, 称为锆溶胶。 然 后往上述锆溶胶中加入 2.10千克的膨胀珍珠岩 (世界矿业公司, 含干 基 2.06千克) 并搅拌混合均匀。
将 4.43千克氧化辞粉末( Headhorse公司, 纯度 99.7 wt.% ) , 0.78 千克 USY分子筛 (齐鲁催化剂分公司, 含千基 0.70千克) 和 4.57千 克去离子水混合, 搅拌 30分钟后得到氧化锌和 USY分子筛混合浆液。 把该混合浆液加入上述浆液中, 并搅拌 1 小时后得到吸附剂的载体浆 液。
参照实施例 III-1的方法进行栽体的喷雾干燥成型并引入活性组分 镍, 得到吸附剂 ΠΙ-Α5。 吸附剂 ΠΙ-Α5 的化学组成为: 氧化锌含量为 44.3wt.%, 膨胀珍珠岩含量为 20.6wt.%, USY分子筛含量为 7.0wt.%, 二氧化梧粘结剂 10.0wt%, 金属镍含量为 18.1wt.%。 对比例 III- 1
吸附剂按如下方法制备: 将 2.58千克四氯化锆(北京化工厂, 分 析纯, 99 wt.% )緩慢加入到 4.2千克 5 wt.%的硝酸溶液中, 并緩慢搅 拌避免氧化锆晶体析出, 得到无色透明的胶状溶液, 称为锆溶胶。 然 后往上述锆溶胶中加入 2.45千克的膨胀珍珠岩 (世界矿业公司, 含干 基 2.40千克) 并搅拌混合均匀。
将 4.43千克氧化锌粉末( Headhorse公司, 纯度 99.7 wt.% )和 4.57 千克去离子水混合, 搅拌 30分钟后得到氧化锌浆液。 把该混合浆液加 入上述浆液中, 并搅拌 1小时后得到吸附剂的载体浆液。
参照实施例 III-1的方法进行载体的喷雾干燥成型并引入活性组分 镍, 得到吸附剂 ΙΠ-Β1。 吸附剂 ΙΠ-Β1 的化学组成为: 氧化锌含量为 44.3wt.%, 膨胀珍珠岩含量为 24.0wt.%, 二氧化锆粘结剂 13.6wt.%, 金属镍含量为 18.1wt.%。 对比例 ΠΙ-2
将 1.71千克氧氯化锆( Aldrich公司, 分析纯, 98.5 wt.% )在搅拌 的情况下緩^ _加入到 3.2千克 15 wt.% 的盐酸(化学纯, 北京化工厂出 品) 中并搅拌酸化 1 小时, 此时溶液呈无色透明的胶状溶液, 称为锆 溶胶。 然后往上述锆溶胶中加入 1.85千克的硅藻土 (世界矿业公司, 含干基 1.80千克)在搅拌下混合。
把 5.52千克氧化锌粉末( Headhorse公司, 纯度 99.7% )和 5.0千 克去离子水混合搅拌 30分钟后得到氧化锌浆液。 把该混合浆液加入上 述浆液中, 并搅拌 1小时后得到载体浆液。
参照实施例 ΠΙ-1的方法进行栽体的喷雾干燥成型并引入活性组分镍, 得到吸附剂 ΠΙ-Β2。 吸附剂 ΠΙ-Β2 的化学组成为: 氧化锌含量为 55.2 wt.%, 二氧化锆粘结剂含量为 11.7wt.%, 硅藻土含量为 18.0wt.%, 镍 含量为 15.1wt.%。 对比例 ΠΙ-3
吸附剂按如下方法制备: 将 1.76千克氢氧化锆( Aldrich公司, 分 析纯, 99 wt.% )加入到 3.1千克 30 wt.% 的盐酸(化学纯, 北京化工 厂出品) 中并搅拌酸化 1 小时, 此时得到透明的胶状溶液, 称为锆溶 胶。
将 4.93千克氧化锌粉末( Headhorse公司 , 纯度 99.7% ) , 2.15千 克的硅藻土(世界矿业公司, 含干基 2.10千克)和 6.90千克去离子水 混合,搅拌 30分钟后得到混合浆液。把该混合浆液加入上述锆溶胶中, 并搅拌 1小时后得到载体浆液。
参照实施例 III-1的方法进行载体的喷雾干燥成型并引入活性组分 镍和钴, 得到吸附剂 ΠΙ-Β3。 吸附剂 ΠΙ-Β3的化学组成为: 氧化锌含量 为 49.3wt.%, 二氧化锆粘结剂为 13.5wt.%, 硅藻土为 21.0wt.°/。, 镍含 量为 8.1wt.%, 钴含量为 8.1wt%。 对比例 ΙΠ-4
吸附剂按如下方法制备: 将 1.53千克氢氧化锆(Aldrich公司, 分 析纯, 99 wt.% )加入到 3.1千克 30 wt.% 的盐酸(化学纯, 北京化工 厂出品) 中并搅拌酸化 1 小时, 此时得到透明的胶状溶液, 称为锆溶 胶。
将 5.52千克氧化辞粉末( Headhorse公司, 纯度 99.7% ) , 2.44千 克的高岭土(苏州高岭土厂, 含干基 1.80千克)和 7.40千克去离子水 混合,搅拌 30分钟后得到混合浆液。把该混合浆液加入上述锆溶胶中, 并搅拌 1小时后得到载体浆液。 参照实施例 III-l的方法进行载体的喷雾千燥成型并引入活性组分 镍, 得到吸附剂 ΠΙ-Β4。 吸附剂 ΠΙ-Β4 的化学组成为: 氧化锌含量为 55.2wt.%, 二氧化锆粘结剂为 11.7wt.%, 高岭土为 18.0wt.%, 镍含量 为 15.1wt.%。
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实施例 ΙΠ-6
对不同方法制备出的吸附剂考察脱硫性能以及辛烷值两项指标。 脱硫性能以产物硫含量衡量, 产物中硫含量采用离线色谱分析, 采用 固定床微反实验装置进行评价, 吸附反应原料采用硫浓度为 640 ppm 的催化裂化汽油。 吸附测试过程采用氢气气氛, 反应温度为 410°C, 反 应压力为 1.38MPa,氢 /烃油的摩尔比为 0.35,反应的重量空速为 ^ 为了准确表征出吸附剂在工业实际运行中的活性, 反应完成后吸附剂 进行再生处理, 再生处理是在 550 °C的空气气氛下进行的。 吸附剂进 行反应再生 6 个循环后其活性基本稳定下来, 以吸附剂稳定后产品汽 油中的硫含量代表吸附剂的活性, 稳定后产品汽油中硫含量如表 III-1 所示。 同时对产品汽油进行称重计算其收率。
分别采用 GB/T 503-1995和 GB/T 5487-1995测出反应前后汽油的 马达法辛烷值 (MON ) 和研究法辛烷值 (RON ) , 结果见表 111-1。 通 过表 ΠΙ-1 可以看出, 本发明吸附剂反应后, 产品汽油的辛烷值均有不 同程度的增加。 表 III- 1 不同吸附剂的脱硫性能和辛烷值
吸附剂 III-A III-A III-A III-A III-B1 III-B2 III-B3 III-B4
2 3 4 5
产品汽油中石克 8 4 10 5 10 10 6 12 7 含量 / ppm
△MON 0.45 0 0.30 0.05 0.50 -0.50 -0.35 -0.45 -0.4
△RON 0.45 0.1 0.40 0.05 0.50 -0.50 -0.35 -0.45 -0.3
△(RON+MO 0.45 0.05 0.35 0.05 0.45 -0.50 -0.35 -0.45 -0.35 N)/2
产品汽油收率 99.8 99.9 99.8 99.9 99.8 99.8 99.9 99.8 99.9 / % 注:
1、 原料汽油的硫含量为 640ppm, RON为 93.0, MON为 82.7。
2、 ΔΜΟΝ表示产品 MON的增加值;
3、 ARON表示产品 RON的增加值;
4、 A(RON+MON)/2为产品抗爆指数与原料抗爆指数之差。 实施例 IV- 1
将 4.43千克氧化锌粉末 ( Headhorse公司 , 纯度 99.7 wt.% ) , 0.84 千克 β分子筛 (南京催化剂分公司, 含干基 0.70千克)和 4.57千克去 离子水混合, 搅拌 30分钟后得到氧化锌和 β分子 混合浆液。
取氧化铝 1.37千克(山东铝厂出品, 含干基 1.00千克)和 2.10千 克的膨胀珍珠岩 (世界矿业公司, 含干基 2.06千克)在搅拌下混合, 然后加入去离子水 4.6千克混合均勾后,加入 360毫升 30 wt.% 的盐酸 (化学纯, 北京化工厂出品)搅拌酸化 1小时后升温至 80°C老化 2小 时,再加入氧化锌和 Beta分子筛浆液混合后搅拌 1小时得到载体浆液。
所述载体浆液采用 Niro Bowen Nozzle Tower™ 型号的喷雾干燥 机进行喷雾干燥, 喷雾干燥压力为 8.5至 9.5 MPa, 入口温度 500。C以 下, 出口温度约为 150°C。 由喷雾干燥得到的微球先在 180°C下干燥 1 小时, 然后在 635 °C下焙烧 1小时得到吸附剂载体。
将 3.2千克的吸附剂载体用 3.51 千克六水合硝酸镍(北京化学试 剂公司, 纯度大于 98.5% ) 、 0.6千克去离子水溶液浸渍, 得到的混合 物经过 180°C干燥 4小时后, 在空气气氛 635°C焙烧 1小时即可制得 吸附剂前体。
吸附剂前体在 425°C的氢气气氛中还原 2小时即可得到吸附剂, 该吸附剂记为吸附剂 IV-A1。 吸附剂 IV-A1 的化学组成为: 氧化锌含 量为 44.3 wt.%,膨胀珍珠岩含量为 20.6wt.%, β分子 含量为 7.0wt.%, 氧化铝粘结剂 10.0 wt.%, 金属镍含量为 18.1wt.%。 对比例 IV- 1
吸附剂按如下方法制备:将 4.43千克氧化锌粉末( Headhorse公司 , 纯度 99.7% )和 4.57千克去离子水混合, 搅拌 30分钟后得到氧化锌浆 液。 取氧化铝 1.87千克(山东铝厂出品, 含干基 1.36千克)和 2.46千 克的膨胀珍珠岩 (世界矿业公司, 含干基 2.40千克) 在搅拌下混合, 然后加入去离子水 4.6千克混合均匀后,加入 360毫升 30 % 的盐酸(化 学纯, 北京化工厂出品)搅拌酸化 1小时后升温至 80°C老化 2小时。 再加入氧化锌浆液混合后搅拌 1小时得到载体浆液。
参照实施例 IV-1的方法进行载体的喷雾干燥成型并引入活性组分 镍,得到吸附剂 IV-B1。吸附剂 IV-B 1的化学组成为氧化锌含量为 44.3 wt.%, 氧化铝粘结剂含量为 13.6 wt.%, 膨胀珍珠岩含量为 24.0wt.%, 镍含量为 18.1wt.%。 实施例 IV-2
取拟薄水铝石 1.61千克(山东铝厂出品,含干基 1.17千克)和 1.54 千克的硅藻土 (世界矿业公司, 含干基 1.50千克) 在搅拌下混合, 然 后加入去离子水 8.2千克混合均勾后, 加入 260毫升 30%的盐酸(化学 纯, 北京化工厂出品)搅拌酸化 1小时后升温至 80°C老化 2小时。 待 温度降低后再加入 5.52千克氧化锌粉末( Headhorse公司,純度 99.7% ) 和 0.36千克 β分子筛 (南京催化剂分公司, 含干基 0.30千克)并搅拌 1小时得到载体浆液。
参照实施例 IV-1的方法进行栽体的喷雾干燥成型并引入活性组分 镍, 得到吸附剂 IV-A2。 吸附剂 IV-A2 的化学组成为: 氧化锌含量为 55.2 wt.%, 氧化铝粘结剂含量为 11.7wt.%, 硅藻土含量为 15.0wt.%, β分子筛含量为 3.0wt.%, 镍含量为 15.1wt.%。 对比例 IV-2
取拟薄水铝石 1.61千克(山东铝厂出品,含干基 1.17千克)和 1.85 千克的硅藻土 (世界矿业公司, 含干基 1.80千克)在搅拌下混合, 然 后加入去离子水 8.2千克混合均勾后, 加入 260亳升 30 %的盐酸(化 学纯, 北京化工厂出品)搅拌酸化 1小时后升温至 80°C老化 2小时。 待温度降低后再加入 5.52 千克氧化锌粉末 (Headhorse 公司, 纯度 99.7% ) 并搅拌 1小时得到载体浆液。
参照实施例 IV-1的方法进行载体的喷雾干燥成型并引入活性组分 镍, 得到吸附剂 IV-B2。 吸附剂 IV-B2 的化学组成为: 氧化锌含量为 55.2 wt.%, 氧化铝粘结剂含量为 1 1.7wt.%, 硅藻土含量为 18.0wt.%, 镍含量为 15.1wt.%。 实施例 IV-3 v
吸附剂按如下方法制备:将 4.93千克氧化锌粉末( Headhorse公司, 纯度 99.7% ), 0.56千克 USY (齐鲁催化剂分公司, 含干基 0.50千克) 和 5.57千克去离子水混合, 搅拌 30分钟后得到氧化锌和 USY分子筛 的混合浆液。
取拟薄水铝石 1.85千克(山东铝厂出品,含干基 1.35千克)和 1.64 千克的硅藻土 (世界矿业公司, 含干基 1.60千克) 在搅拌下混合, 然 后加入去离子水 4.6千克混合均勾后, 加入 300毫升 30 % 的盐酸(化 学纯, 北京化工厂出品)使浆液 pH值为 2.5, 搅拌酸化 1小时后升温 至 80。C老化 2小时。 再加入氧化辞浆液混合后搅拌 1小时得到载体浆 液。
参照实施例 IV-1的方法进行载体的喷雾干燥成型并引入活性组分 镍和钴, 得到吸附剂 IV-A3。 吸附剂 IV-A3 的化学组成为: 氧化锌含 量为 49.3 wt%, 氧化铝粘结剂为 13.5 wt.%,硅藻土为 16.0wt.%, USY 含量为 5.0wt.%, 镍含量为 8.1wt.%, 钴含量为 8.1wt.%。 对比例 IV-3
吸附剂按如下方法制备:将 4.93千克氧化锌粉末( Headhorse公司, 纯度 99.7% )和 5.57千克去离子水混合, 搅拌 30分钟后得到氧化锌浆 液。
取拟薄水铝石 1.85千克(山东铝厂出品,含干基 1.35千克)和 2.16 千克的硅藻土 (世界矿业公司, 含干基 2.10千克)在搅拌下混合, 然 后加入去离子水 4.6千克混合均勾后, 加入 300毫升 30 % 的盐酸(化 学纯, 北京化工厂出品)使浆液 pH值为 2.5, 搅拌酸化 1小时后升温 至 80°C老化 2小时。 再加入氧化锌浆液混合后搅拌 1小时得到载体浆 液。
参照实施例 IV-1的方法进行载体的喷雾干燥成型并引入活性组分 镍和钴, 得到吸附剂 IV-B3。 吸附剂 IV-B3的化学组成为: 氧化辞含量 为 49.3 wt.%, 氧化铝粘结剂为 13.5 wt.%, 硅藻土为 21.0wt.%, 镍含 量为 8.1wt.%, 钴含量为 8.1wt.%。 实施例 IV-4
吸附剂按如下方法制备:将 5.52千克氧化锌粉末( Headhorse公司, 纯度 99.7% ) , 0.36千克 X分子筛 (齐鲁催化剂分公司, 含干基 0.30 千克) 和 5.57千克去离子水混合, 搅拌 30分钟后得到氧化锌和 X分 子筛的混合浆液。
取拟薄水铝石 1.61千克(山东铝厂出品,含干基 1.17千克)和 2.03 千克的高岭土 (苏州高岭土厂, 含干基 1.50千克) 在搅拌下混合, 然 后加入去离子水 4.6千克混合均匀后, 加入 300毫升 30 % 的盐酸(化 学纯, 北京化工厂出品)使浆液 pH值为 2.5 , 搅拌酸化 1小时后升温 至 80°C老化 2小时。再加入氧化锌和 X分子筛浆液混合后搅拌 1小时 得到载体浆液。
参照实施例 IV-1的方法进行载体的喷雾干燥成型并引入活性组分 镍, 得到吸附剂 IV-A4。 吸附剂 IV-A4 的化学组成为: 氧化锌含量为 55.2 wt.%, 氧化铝粘结剂为 11.7 wt.%, 高岭土为 15.0wt.%, X分子筛 含量为 3.0wt.%, 镍含量为 15.1wt.%。 对比例 IV-4
吸附剂按如下方法制备:将 5.52千克氧化锌粉末( Headhorse公司, 纯度 99.7% )和 5.57千克去离子水混合, 搅拌 30分钟后得到氧化锌浆 液。
取拟薄水铝石 1.61千克(山东铝厂出品,含干基 1.17千克)和 2.44 千克的高岭土 (苏州高岭土厂, 含干基 1.80千克)在搅拌下混合, 然 后加入去离子水 3.6千克混合均勾后, 加入 300毫升 30 % 的盐酸(化 学纯, 北京化工厂出品)使浆液 pH值为 2.5 , 搅拌酸化 1小时后升温 至 80°C老化 2小时。 再加入氧化锌浆液混合后搅拌 1小时得到载体浆 液。
参照实施例 IV-1的方法进行载体的喷雾干燥成型并引入活性组分 镍, 得到吸附剂 IV-B4。 吸附剂 IV-B4 的化学组成为: 氧化锌含量为 55.2 wt.%, 氧化铝粘结剂为 1 1.7 wt.%, 高岭土为 18.0wt.%, 镍含量为 15.1wt.%。 实施例 IV-5
将 4.43千克氧化锌粉末 ( Headhorse公司, 纯度 99.7 wt.% ) , 0.78 千克 USY分子筛 (齐鲁催化剂分公司, 含干基 0.70千克)和 4.57千 克去离子水混合, 搅拌 30分钟后得到氧化锌和 USY分子筛混合浆液。
取氧化铝 1.37千克(山东铝厂出品, 含干基 1.00千克)和 2.10千 克的膨胀珍珠岩 (世界矿业公司, 含干基 2.06千克)在搅拌下混合, 然后加入去离子水 4.6千克混合均匀后,加入 360毫升 30 wt.% 的盐酸 (化学纯, 北京化工厂出品)搅拌酸化 1小时后升温至 80°C老化 2小 时,再加入氧化锌和 USY分子薛浆液混合后搅拌 1小时得到载体浆液。
参照实施例 IV-1的方法进行载体的喷雾干燥成型并引入活性组分 镍和钴, 得到吸附剂 IV-A5。 吸附剂 IV-A5 的化学组成为: 氧化锌含 量为 44.3 wt.% , 膨胀珍珠岩含量为 20.6wt.% , USY 分子筛含量为 7.0wt.%, 氧化铝粘结剂 10.0 wt.%, 金属镍含量为 18.1wt.%。 实施例 IV-6
对不同方法制备出的吸附剂考察脱硫性能以及辛烷值两项指标。 脱硫性能以产物硫含量衡量, 产物中硫含量采用离线色谱分析, 采用 固定床微反实验装置进行评价, 吸附反应原料采用硫浓度为 640 ppm 的催化裂化汽油。 吸附测试过程采用氢气气氛, 反应温度为 410°C, 反 应压力为 1.38MPa,氢 /烃油的摩尔比为 0.35,反应的重量空速为 4 hr , 为了准确表征出吸附剂在工业实际运行中的活性, 反应完成后吸附剂 进行再生处理, 再生处理是在 550 °C的空气气氛下进行的。 吸附剂进 行反应再生 6 个循环后其活性基本稳定下来, 以吸附剂稳定后产品汽 油中的硫含量代表吸附剂的活性, 稳定后产品汽油中硫含量如表 IV-1 所示。 同时对产品汽油进行称重计算其收率。
分别釆用 GB/T 503-1995和 GB/T 5487-1995测出反应前后汽油的 马达法辛烷值(MON )和研究法辛烷值(RON ) , 结果见表 IV-1。 通 过表 IV-1可以看出, 本发明吸附剂反应后, 产品汽油的辛烷值均有不 同程度的增加。 表 IV-1 不同吸附剂的性能
Figure imgf000035_0001
1、 原料汽油的硫含量为 640ppm, RON为 93.0, MON为 82.7。
2、 ΔΜΟΝ表示产品 MON的增加值;
3、 ARON表示产品 RON的增加值;
4、 A(RON+MON)/2为产品抗爆指数与原料抗爆指数之差。

Claims

权 利 要 求
1. 一种烃油脱硫吸附剂, 以吸附剂总重量为基准, 包括以下组分: 1) 具有 BEA结构的硅铝分子筛, 含量为 1-20 wt%;
2)选自二氧化钛、 二氧化锡、 二氧化锆和氧化铝中的至少一种粘 结剂, 含量为 3-35 wt%;
3)二氧化硅源, 含量为 5-40 wt%;
4) 氧化锌, 含量为 10-80 wt%; 和
5)选自钴、 镍、 铁和锰的至少一种促进剂金属, 以金属计, 含量 为 5-30wt%, 其中所述促进剂金属的至少 10wt%以还原价形式存在。
2. 按照权利要求 1所述的吸附剂, 其中各组分含量为: 所述具有 BEA结构的硅铝分子筛的含量为 2-15 wt%,所述粘结剂的含量为 5-25 wt %,所述二氧化硅源的含量为 10-30 wt %,所述氧化锌的含量为 25-70 wt %, 所述促进剂金属的含量为 8-25 wt %。
3. 按照权利要求 1所述的吸附剂,其中所述具有 BEA结构的硅铝 分子筛的含量为 2-10 wt%, 所述粘结剂的含量为 8-15 wt%, 所述二氧 化硅源的含量为 12-25 wt%, 所述氧化辞的含量为 40-60 wt%, 所述促 进剂金属的含量为 12-20 wt%。
4. 按照权利要求 1所述的吸附剂, 其中所述二氧化硅源选自二氧 化硅或二氧化硅含量大于 45 wt%的天然矿物。
5. 按照权利要求 1所述的吸附剂,其中所述具有 BEA结构的硅铝 分子筛是 β分子筛。
6. 权利要求 1〜5之一所述的烃油脱硫吸附剂的制备方法, 包括:
( 1)使选自二氧化钛、 二氧化锡、 二氧化锆和氧化铝的至少一种 粘结剂、 二氧化硅源、 具有 ΒΕΑ结构的硅铝分子筛和氧化辞接触, 得 到载体;
(2)使所述栽体与含促进剂金属的化合物接触,得到吸附剂前体; 和
( 3 )在足以形成至少 10 wt%的还原价形式的促进剂金属的条件下 处理所述吸附剂前体, 得到所述烃油脱硫吸附剂。
7. 按照权利要求 6所述的制备方法, 其中所述步骤( 1 )包括以下 步骤: ( la )使所述粘结剂或所述粘结剂的前身物与酸混合, 形成浆液; 和
( lb )使所述浆液与所述二氧化硅源、 所述具有 BEA结构的硅铝 分子 和所述氧化锌混合, 并成型、 干燥和焙烧, 得到所述载体。
8. 按照权利要求 6所述的制备方法, 其中所述步骤( 1 )包括以下 步骤:
( la' )使所述二氧化硅源的至少一部分与所述粘结剂或所述粘结 剂的前身物与酸混合, 形成浆液; 和
( lb' )使所述浆液与剩余部分的所述二氧化硅源、 所述具有 BEA 结构的硅铝分子筛和所述氧化锌混合, 并成型、 干燥和焙烧, 得到所 述栽体。
9. 按照权利要求 7或 8所述的制备方法, 其中所述粘结剂的前身 物选自钛、 锡、 锆和 /或铝的 |¾化物、 烷氧基化物、 羧酸盐、 水合氧化 物、 氢氧化物、 水合氢氧化物和面氧化物中的至少一种。
10. 按照权利要求 7或 8所述的制备方法,其中所述酸选自可溶于 水的无机酸和有机酸中的至少一种, 并且所述酸的用量使得所述浆液 的 pH值达到 0.5-6。
11. 一种烃油脱硫方法,包括使含硫烃油与权利要求 1~5之一所述 的烃油脱硫吸附剂在足以从所述含硫烃油中除去至少一部分硫的条件 下接触。
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