WO2013007199A1 - 水流能量转换装置 - Google Patents

水流能量转换装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2013007199A1
WO2013007199A1 PCT/CN2012/078509 CN2012078509W WO2013007199A1 WO 2013007199 A1 WO2013007199 A1 WO 2013007199A1 CN 2012078509 W CN2012078509 W CN 2012078509W WO 2013007199 A1 WO2013007199 A1 WO 2013007199A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
blade
water
water flow
energy conversion
conversion device
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2012/078509
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
郑广生
Original Assignee
Zheng Guangsheng
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Zheng Guangsheng filed Critical Zheng Guangsheng
Publication of WO2013007199A1 publication Critical patent/WO2013007199A1/zh

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
    • F03B17/00—Other machines or engines
    • F03B17/06—Other machines or engines using liquid flow with predominantly kinetic energy conversion, e.g. of swinging-flap type, "run-of-river", "ultra-low head"
    • F03B17/062—Other machines or engines using liquid flow with predominantly kinetic energy conversion, e.g. of swinging-flap type, "run-of-river", "ultra-low head" with rotation axis substantially at right angle to flow direction
    • F03B17/063—Other machines or engines using liquid flow with predominantly kinetic energy conversion, e.g. of swinging-flap type, "run-of-river", "ultra-low head" with rotation axis substantially at right angle to flow direction the flow engaging parts having no movement relative to the rotor during its rotation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2240/00—Components
    • F05B2240/10—Stators
    • F05B2240/13—Stators to collect or cause flow towards or away from turbines
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/20—Hydro energy
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
    • Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a device utilizing water energy, and in particular to a water flow energy conversion device. Background technique
  • a water flow energy conversion device includes an upper fixing frame and a lower fixing frame, wherein the upper fixing frame and the lower fixing frame respectively have shaft holes, and one of the two shaft holes is provided with a water wheel shaft, and the water wheel shaft At least three blade rods are arranged in the upper radial direction, and one side of the blade rod is hinged with a blade, and a lower portion of the water wheel shaft is provided with a blade stopper corresponding to the blade rod to block the lower end of the blade.
  • a radial water blocking plate is arranged on one side of the water wheel shaft between the upper fixing frame and the lower fixing frame.
  • a water guiding plate is arranged on the corresponding side of the water blocking plate, and a spiral downward guiding plate bar is arranged between the upper space and the lower space.
  • a vane guide wheel is disposed on the guide bar.
  • the blade is coupled to the blade stem by a blade hinge.
  • a bearing is arranged between the water wheel shaft and the shaft hole.
  • the upper part of the water wheel shaft is provided with four blade rods in the radial direction, and the four blade rods are evenly distributed on the outer circumference of the water wheel shaft.
  • the lower portion of the water wheel shaft is provided with four blade blocking rods corresponding to the blade rods that can block the lower ends of the blades.
  • a water flow regulating door is disposed between the upper fixing frame and the lower fixing frame, and the water flow regulating door is disposed in front of the water blocking plate.
  • the water flow regulating door is a movable gate type or a fixed plate welded between the upper fixing frame and the lower fixing frame.
  • the water blocking plate is a shutter water blocking plate that regulates the flow of water through the device.
  • the blade lever is connected to an upper portion of the water wheel shaft through an upper disc; the blade stopper is connected to a lower portion of the water wheel shaft through a lower disc.
  • the blade bar is provided with a circular arc-shaped recess in front of the blade, and the blade is turned up.
  • the guide bar is a plurality of guide plate guide bars arranged in a single plate body or a guide plate guide groove provided with a plurality of guide grooves on a plate body; a guide wheel or a guide belt is disposed in the guide groove.
  • the blade is composed of 10 or more blades.
  • the blade is formed into a rectangular blade and a rectangular shape with a stop, and the number of copies of the blade horizontally can be adjusted.
  • a blade guide wheel is disposed on a lower side of the blade for reducing the friction between the blade and the guide bar.
  • the upper spacer is provided at its end with a roller shaft for reducing the frictional force of the blade through the upper spacer.
  • the upper spacer is provided with a spiral downward guide bar for reducing the impact force when the blade contacts the blade bar downward. It also includes two sets of manual or electrically controlled vane guide bar mechanisms; when the water flow is flowing forward, one set of vane guide bar mechanism works, and the other set of vane guide bar mechanism does not work; when the water flow flows in the opposite direction
  • the blade guide bar mechanism works in the opposite direction. Manual or electric control forces push one of the guide bar guides in and push out the other guide bar guide.
  • the guide bar guide mechanism includes a rise guide bar and a drop guide bar.
  • the invention is placed in water to fix the upper fixing frame and the lower fixing frame by means of a chain anchor method or a scaffolding, a column or the like.
  • the water flow can only be smooth
  • the blades press against the blade stopper of the water wheel shaft to drive the water wheel shaft to rotate.
  • the guide bar causes the lower end of the blade to be turned up horizontally to pass the upper space. After the blade is passed through the upper space, the blade is pressed by the blade's own gravity and water flow, and the blade stopper of the water wheel shaft can be quickly dropped. This fast cycle rotation achieves the purpose of water energy conversion.
  • the invention has the advantages of simple structure, low production cost, safe management operation, full utilization of natural water flow energy, high-efficiency utilization of water flow power generation, and improved utilization of water energy.
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an upper fixing frame, a lower fixing frame, a water blocking plate, a water guiding plate and a guide bar according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a water wheel shaft, a blade stopper, and a blade according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 3 is a perspective view of an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 4 is a perspective view 2 of an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 5 is a plan view showing the state of use of the embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 6 is a perspective view of another embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 7a is a structural view of the guide bar;
  • Figure 7b is a structural view of the guide bar guide;
  • Figure 7c is a structural view of the guide groove guide wheel;
  • Figure 7d is a structural view of the guide groove guide tape.
  • Figure 8a is a structural view of a water wheel shaft, a blade rod, and a blade bar according to another embodiment of the present invention
  • Figures 81, 8b 2 , 8b 3 8b 4 are respectively different structural views of the blade
  • Figure 8c is a structure of the lower disk Figure.
  • Figure 9 is a structural view of a blade guide bar, a roller shaft and a shutter water blocking plate according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 10a is a structural view of a blade guide bar mechanism, a blade bar and a blade bar of another embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 10b is a structural view of a manual and electrically controlled blade guide bar guide and a guide plate guide mechanism.
  • Fig. 11a is a schematic view showing the working state of a plurality of devices of the present invention used in series;
  • Fig. 1b is a schematic view showing the working state of a plurality of devices of the present invention in parallel.
  • Blade 61 Venetian blade 7 : Blade bar
  • Blade hinge 14 Bearing 15 : Water flow adjustment door
  • the water flow energy conversion device of the present invention comprises an upper fixing frame 1 and a lower fixing frame 2, wherein the upper fixing frame 1 and the lower fixing frame 2 are rectangular, the upper fixing frame 1 and the lower fixing frame 2 The outer circumference is fixedly connected by a plurality of outer uprights 16.
  • the upper fixing frame 1 and the lower fixing frame 2 are respectively provided with shaft holes 3, and one of the two shaft holes 3 is provided with a water wheel shaft 4, and the water wheel shaft 4 is rotatable in the shaft hole 3.
  • a bearing 14 is disposed between the water wheel shaft 4 and the shaft hole 3.
  • the bearing 14 can reduce friction consumption, and one end of the water wheel shaft 4 can be connected to the generator or the water pump through the speed increasing box.
  • the upper portion of the water wheel shaft 4 is provided with at least three blade rods 5 in the radial direction, this embodiment Four blade levers 5 are provided in the radial direction of the upper portion of the water wheel shaft 4, and the four blade bars 5 are evenly distributed on the outer circumference of the water wheel shaft 4.
  • One side of the blade lever 5 is hinged with a blade 6, which is connected to the blade lever 5 by a blade hinge 13, which can be rotated about the blade hinge 13.
  • the lower portion of the water wheel shaft 4 is provided with a blade stopper 7 corresponding to the blade lever 5 to block the lower end of the blade 6, the number of the blade stopper 7 is the same as the number of the blade lever 5, and is disposed directly below the blade lever 5, when When the blade 6 is rotated, the blade bar 7 can block the lower end of the blade 6, restricting the blade 6 to only be rotated downward to the vertical position.
  • a radial water blocking plate 8 is arranged on one side of the water wheel shaft 4 between the upper fixing frame 1 and the lower fixing frame 2, and the upper end of the water blocking plate 8 and the upper fixing frame 1 are left when the water wheel shaft 4 rotates.
  • An upper space 9 through which the blade rod 5 passes can be left between the lower end of the water blocking plate 8 and the lower holder 2 with a lower space 10 through which the blade bar 7 can pass when the water wheel shaft 4 rotates.
  • a guide bar 11 is formed which can turn the lower end of the blade 6 horizontally to pass the upper space 9, and a blade can be passed between the lower end of the guide bar 11 and the lower fixing frame 2 The spacing of the bars 7.
  • the guide bar 11 may also be provided with a vane guide wheel 18, which serves to reduce the frictional consumption between the vane 6 and the guide bar 11.
  • a water guiding plate 12 is disposed between the upper fixing frame 1 and the lower fixing frame 2, and the water guiding plate 12 is disposed at a rear portion of the opposite side of the water blocking plate 8, and the water guiding plate 12 is rotated with the outer circumference of the blade 6.
  • the circular arc shape is adapted, and the water deflector 12 is a quarter circle.
  • the function of the water deflector 12 is that the water flow can only flow in a ring shape on one side of the blade 6 and the action stroke is longer and the efficiency is higher.
  • a water flow regulating door 15 is disposed between the upper fixing frame 1 and the lower fixing frame 2, and the water flow regulating door 15 is disposed at a side of the water blocking plate 8.
  • the water flow regulating door 15 may be a side open type, and the water flow regulating door 15 may also be a pull gate type.
  • the water flow regulating door can adjust the water flow rate through the device. When the water flow rate is low, the water flow regulating door is closed, and the water flow regulating door 15 can play a water retaining function, and cooperate with the water blocking plate 8 to make the water flow to the other side to push the blade. When the water flow rate is large, the water flow regulating door 15 is opened, and the water can flow out from the outside.
  • the upper fixing frame 1 may further be provided with a floating body and an anchor chain, and the function thereof is to fix the invention on the water bed according to the water level lifting.
  • a single or a plurality of the inventions are connected in a triangle or a flat shape to be placed in the water, and the upper fixing frame is fixed.
  • Lower holder The direction of the water flow is shown in the direction of the arrow. Under the barrier of the water blocking plate, the water flow can only flow in the direction of small resistance. Under the driving of the water flow, the blade presses the blade bar of the water wheel shaft to drive the water wheel shaft to rotate.
  • the guide bar When the blade runs to the guide bar, the guide bar causes the lower end of the blade to be turned up horizontally to pass the upper space, and the blade is pressed by its own gravity and water flow after being separated by the upper space, and can quickly drop the blade stopper of the water wheel shaft. Rotate in rotation to achieve the purpose of water energy conversion.
  • the water flow energy conversion device comprises an upper fixing frame 1 and a lower fixing frame 2, wherein the upper fixing frame 1 and the lower fixing frame 2 are rectangular, the upper fixing frame 1 and the lower fixing frame are fixed.
  • the outer periphery of the frame 2 is fixedly connected by a plurality of outer uprights 16.
  • the upper fixing frame 1 and the lower fixing frame 2 are respectively provided with shaft holes 3, and one of the two shaft holes 3 is provided with a water wheel shaft 4, and the water wheel shaft 4 is rotatable in the shaft hole 3.
  • a bearing 14 is arranged between the water wheel shaft 4 and the shaft hole 3, and the bearing 14 reduces friction consumption.
  • One end of the water wheel shaft 4 can be connected to the generator or the water pump through the speed increasing box.
  • the upper portion of the water wheel shaft 4 is radially welded to the upper disc 51 by welding the upper disc 51 to the at least three vane rods 5.
  • four blade levers 5 are radially disposed in the upper portion of the water wheel shaft 4, and the four blade levers 5 are uniformly distributed on the outer circumference of the water wheel shaft 4 by welding the upper disc 51.
  • One side of the blade lever 5 is hinged with a louver blade 61 which is coupled to the blade lever 5 via a blade hinge 13.
  • the louver blade 61 hinged on the blade lever is composed of 10 or more blades.
  • the blade of the above-described Embodiment 1 has a problem in that one blade has a large resistance to water when the blade is turned up by the blade guide bar due to the large area of the blade. When the blade falls after passing through the upper gap 9, the impact of the blade when pressing the blade lever 7 is too large. Moreover, the speed of the running of the runner is not uniform, and there is a beating phenomenon.
  • Figures Sb 8b 2 and 8b 3 are respectively different schematic views of the blade, and the modified blade is changed from one blade to 10 or more louver blades 61, and the blades are turned up when running up to the rising guide bar 111.
  • the blade area is small, the water resistance of the blade is small when the turning time is different. After the blade passes through the upper spacing opening 9 and descends to the appropriate height along the descending guide bar 112, the blade is separated from the descending guide bar 112, and the blade 61 falls and presses the blade block. When the rod 7 is used, the timing of the falling of the blades is also different.
  • the blade stopper 7 receives a small impact force, allowing the runner to run at a constant speed.
  • the blade 61 is provided with a rectangular blade and a rectangular blade with a stop. Function: The number of copies of the blade can be adjusted to make the operation of the device in a preferred state.
  • a guide bar 111 for turning the lower end of the blade 6 horizontally to pass the upper space 9 is provided, which is provided with a plurality of pieces on one plate. Guide bar. There is also a space between the lower end of the guide bar 111 and the lower holder 2 that can pass through the blade stopper 7.
  • the lower end of the louver blade 61 rotating under the guide bar 111 is in contact with the guide bar 111. Under the action of the guide bar 111, the lower end of the louver blade 61 is turned up horizontally, and the upper interval can be passed. 9.
  • Guide strips 181 may also be provided on the guide bar 111 to reduce frictional wear between the blades 61 and the bars 111.
  • the guide channel guide 181 is provided with a plurality of guide grooves on a guide plate, and a guide wheel 182 or a guide belt 183 is disposed in the guide groove (as shown in Figures 7c and 7d).
  • the device of the above embodiment 1 is provided with a blade, a guide bar and a guide wheel for one blade rod, and the original guide bar and the guide wheel cannot achieve the best working efficiency.
  • the device is improved as a guide bar, and its function is to prevent the rope from being twisted and the efficiency is improved.
  • the lower side of the vane 61 is provided with a vane guide wheel, which functions to reduce the friction between the vane and the guide strip and to improve the life of the vane.
  • a radial shutter water blocking plate is arranged on one side of the water wheel shaft 4 between the upper fixing frame 1 and the lower fixing frame 2.
  • the shutter water blocking plate 81 is a water blocking plate water flow switch 82 which is opened on the plate body of the original water blocking plate 8 of the apparatus of the above-described first embodiment, and functions to regulate the flow rate of water passing through the apparatus of the present invention.
  • An upper space 9 is provided between the upper end of the shutter water blocking plate 81 and the upper fixing frame 1 for the blade rod 5 to pass when the water wheel shaft 4 rotates; a gap is left between the lower end of the shutter water blocking plate 81 and the lower fixing frame 2
  • the lower space 10 through which the blade bar 7 passes when the water wheel shaft 4 rotates.
  • the lower portion of the water wheel shaft 4 is provided with a blade stopper 7 corresponding to the blade lever 5 to block the lower end of the louver blade 61, and the blade stopper 7 is welded by connecting the lower disc 71.
  • the number of the blade stoppers 7 is the same as the number of the blade levers 5, and is disposed directly below the blade lever 5.
  • the blade lever 7 is provided with a circular arc-shaped recess in front of it, which can be turned up with the louver blade 61. Its function is to strengthen the strength of the blade bar 7, improve the stability of the wheel, and improve the efficiency of the device of the present invention.
  • Figure 9 shows the arrangement of the vane guide strips. After the vanes 61 pass through the ports of the upper partition 9, the vanes are subjected to their own weight and water flow force, and the vanes descend to the appropriate height after descending the guide strips 111. Deviating from the descending guide bar 111, 61 blades rapidly press down against the blade bar 7, in order to reduce the impact force when the blade 61 contacts the blade bar 7.
  • FIG. 6 shows a water deflector 12 between the upper fixing frame 1 and the lower fixing frame 2, and the water guiding plate 12 is disposed at the rear side of the opposite side of the shutter water blocking plate 81, and the water guiding plate 12 is a blade.
  • the water deflector 12 rotating the outer circle to fit the circular arc shape, the water deflector 12 is a quarter circle, the function of the water deflector 12 is that the water flow can only flow through one side of the blade 61, and the action stroke is longer , higher efficiency.
  • a water flow regulating door 15 is disposed between the upper fixing frame 1 and the lower fixing frame 2, and the water flow regulating door 15 is disposed at a side of the water blocking plate 8.
  • the water flow regulating door When the water flow rate is low, the water flow regulating door is closed, and the water flow regulating door 15 can play a water retaining function, and cooperate with the shutter water blocking plate 81 to make the water flow to the other side to push the blade, and when the water flow rate is large, the water flow regulating door 15 is opened. Water can flow out from the outside.
  • the water flow regulating door 15 can be changed to a fixed plate, because the water flow regulating door of the above embodiment 1 has no effect after the plurality of devices of the present device are used side by side.
  • the upper fixing frame 1 may further be provided with a floating body and an anchor chain, and the function thereof is to fix the invention to the water bed according to the water level lifting.
  • a roller shaft may also be provided at the port of the upper space 9 to reduce the friction of the blade 61 through the upper spacer, as shown in Fig. 10b.
  • two sets of manually or electrically controlled blade guide bar mechanisms (including the riser guide bar and the descending guide bar) 110, 110' are arranged to flow in both the forward and reverse directions.
  • the blade guide bar mechanisms works in the opposite direction.
  • Manual or electric control forces push the guide bar mechanism 110 in and push the guide bar mechanism 110' out.
  • the present invention can be used in series or in parallel according to actual needs; multiple devices are connected in series
  • the working state is shown in Figure 11a; the parallel operating state of multiple devices is shown in Figure lib.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Hydraulic Turbines (AREA)
  • Other Liquid Machine Or Engine Such As Wave Power Use (AREA)

Abstract

一种水流能量转换装置，包括上固定架（1）、下固定架（2）和水轮轴（4）。水轮轴（4）的上部径向设有叶片杆（5），叶片（6）上端铰接于叶片杆（5）的一侧。水轮轴（4）的下部设有可挡住叶片（6）下端的叶片挡杆（7）。上固定架（1）和下固定架（2）之间沿径向立设有一阻水板（8）。阻水板（8）的上端与上固定架（1）之间留有供叶片杆（5）通过的上间隔（9）。阻水板（8）的下端与下固定架（2）之间留有可供叶片挡杆（7）通过的下间隔（10）。在阻水板（8）的一侧，上固定架（1）和下固定架（2）之间设有可使叶片（6）下端向上翻起成水平以通过上间隔（9）的导条（11）。该装置结构简单，可有效利用自然水流能量。

Description

水流能量转换装置
技术领域
本发明涉及一种利用水能的装置， 具体是指一种水流能量转换装置。 背景技术
目前， 我国水力开发技术还比较落后， 通常用水能来发电。 现有的水力发电装置， 无论 是大型水电站还是小型水电站， 都是在河流中筑水坝， 以使水位形成较大落差来驱动水轮机 发电， 其缺点是结构复杂， 投资大， 且在落差较小、 低水速的水域无法应用， 特别是偏远落 后地区丰富的水能资源白白浪费。
因此， 提供一种能充分利用自然水流能量， 可满足在各种自然条件的江面、 河道、 海域 使用的水流能量转换装置成为了业界需要解决的技术问题。 发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种能高效利用自然水流能量， 可满足在各种自然条件的江面、 河道、 海域使用的水流能量转换装置。
本发明的目的及解决其技术问题是采用以下技术方案来实现的。 依据本发明提出的一种 水流能量转换装置， 包括上固定架和下固定架， 上固定架和下固定架上分别对应设有轴孔， 两个轴孔中设有一根水轮轴， 水轮轴的上部径向设有至少三根叶片杆， 叶片杆的一侧铰接有 叶片， 水轮轴的下部设有与叶片杆相对应的可挡住叶片下端的叶片挡杆。 上固定架和下固定 架之间在水轮轴的一侧立设有径向的阻水板。 阻水板的上端与上固定架之间留有当水轮轴转 动时可供叶片杆通过的上间隔， 阻水板的下端与下固定架之间留有当水轮轴转动时可供叶片 挡杆通过的下间隔， 上固定架和下固定架之间设有可使叶片下端向上翻起成水平以通过上间 隔的导条。 上固定架和下固定架之间， 在阻水板的对应侧设有导水板， 在上间隔和下间隔之 间设有螺旋向下的导板导条。
所述导条上设有叶片导轮。
所述的叶片通过叶片合页与叶片杆连接。
所述的水轮轴和轴孔之间设有轴承。
所述的水轮轴的上部径向设有四根叶片杆， 四根叶片杆均布在水轮轴的外周。
所述的水轮轴的下部径向设有与叶片杆相对应的可挡住叶片下端的四根叶片挡杆。 所述的上固定架和下固定架之间设有水流调节门， 水流调节门设置在阻水板的前方。 所述水流调节门为可活动的闸门式或焊接在上固定架和下固定架之间的固定板。
所述阻水板为调节通过装置的水流量的活门阻水板。
所述叶片杆通过上圆盘连接在水轮轴上部；所述叶片挡杆通过下圆盘连接在水轮轴下部。 所述叶片挡杆前设有一圆弧形凹位， 配合叶片向上翻起。
所述导条为多根排列成一块板体的导板导条或为一块板体上设有多条导槽的导板导槽； 所述导槽内设有导轮或导带。
所述叶片为由 10片或以上的叶片组成。
所述的叶片设为长方形的叶片和带止口的长方形， 可调节叶片水平翻起的份数。
所述叶片下部一侧设有一叶片导轮， 用于减小叶片与导板导条的摩擦力。
所述上间隔在其端部设有滚轮轴， 用于减小叶片通过上间隔口的摩擦力。
所述上间隔口设有螺旋向下的导板导条， 用于减小叶片向下接触叶片挡杆时的冲击力。 其还包括两套手动或电动控制的叶片导板导条机构； 当水流正向流动时， 其中一套叶片 导板导条机构工作， 另一套叶片导板导条机构不工作； 当水流反向流动时， 叶片导板导条机 构工作状态亦相反。 手动或电动控制力将其中一套导板导条机构推入， 将另一套导板导条机 构推出。 所述导板导条机构包括上升导板导条及下降导板导条。
借由上述技术方案， 本发明具有的优点和有益效果如下：
将本发明投放在水中通过链锚方式或棚架、 柱等固定方式固定上固定架和下固定架， 水 流通过本装置时在阻水板的阻隔与水流调节门的调节下， 水流只能顺着另一侧流动， 在水流 推动下， 叶片压住水轮轴的叶片挡杆， 驱动水轮轴转动。 当叶片运行到导条时， 导条使叶片 下端向上翻起成水平以通过上间隔， 叶片通过上间隔后受叶片自身重力和水流推压又能迅速 落下压住水轮轴的叶片挡杆， 以此快速循环旋转达到水能转换的目的。
由于采用了上述结构， 本发明结构简单、 制作成本低， 管理操作安全， 能充分利用自然 水流能量， 达到高效利用水流发电的目的， 提高了水能的利用率。 附图说明
图 1是本发明实施例的上固定架、 下固定架、 阻水板、 导水板及导条立体图。
图 2是本发明实施例的水轮轴、 叶片挡杆及叶片的立体图。
图 3是本发明实施例的立体图一。
图 4是本发明实施例的立体图二。
图 5是本发明实施例的呈使用状态时的俯视图。
图 6是本发明另一实施例的立体图。 图 7a是导条的结构图； 图 7b是导板导条的结构图； 图 7c是导槽导轮的结构图； 图 7d 是导槽导带的结构图。
图 8a是本发明另一实施例的水轮轴、 叶片杆、 叶片挡杆的结构图； 图 81^、 8b2、 8b3 8b4 分别是叶片的不同结构示意图； 图 8c是下圆盘的结构图。
图 9是本发明另一个实施例的叶片导板导条， 滚轮轴和活门阻水板的结构图。
图 10a是本发明另一实施例的叶片导板导条机构、 叶片杆及叶片挡杆的结构图； 图 10b 是手动、 电动控制叶片导板导条、 导板导槽机构的结构图。
图 11a是本发明的多台装置串联使用的工作状态示意图； 图 l ib是本发明的多台装置并 联使用的工作状态示意图。
1： 上固定架 2: 下固定架 3 : 轴孔
4： 水轮轴 5 : 叶片杆 51 : 上圆盘
6： 叶片 61 : 百叶叶片 7 : 叶片挡杆
71： 下圆盘 72: 圆弧形凹位
8： 阻水板 81 : 活门阻水板 82: 阻水板水流开关
9： 上间隔 91 : 滚轮轴 10: 下间隔
11： 导条 110、 110'： 导板导条机构
111： 上升导板导条 112: 下降导板导条 12: 导水板
13： 叶片合页 14: 轴承 15 : 水流调节门
16： 外侧立柱 17 : 固定杆 18 : 叶片导轮
181： 导板导槽 182: 导轮 183 : 导带 具体实施方式
下面结合附图及较佳实施例对本发明的具体实施方式作进一步详细描述， 但本发明并不 仅限于以下的实施例。
实施例 1
如图 1- 4所示， 本发明所述的水流能量转换装置， 包括上固定架 1和下固定架 2， 上固 定架 1和下固定架 2为长方形，上固定架 1和下固定架 2的外周通过若干根外侧立柱 16固定 连接。 所述上固定架 1和下固定架 2分别对应设有轴孔 3， 两个轴孔 3中设有一根水轮轴 4， 水轮轴 4可在轴孔 3中转动。
所述的水轮轴 4和轴孔 3之间设有轴承 14， 轴承 14可减少摩擦消耗， 水轮轴 4的一端 可通过增速箱与发电机或水泵连接。 水轮轴 4的上部径向设有至少三根叶片杆 5， 该实施例 在水轮轴 4的上部径向设有四根叶片杆 5， 四根叶片杆 5均布在水轮轴 4的外周。 叶片杆 5 的一侧铰接有叶片 6， 所述叶片 6通过叶片合页 13与叶片杆 5连接， 叶片 6可以以叶片合页 13为中心转动。
水轮轴 4的下部设有与叶片杆 5相对应的可挡住叶片 6下端的叶片挡杆 7， 叶片挡杆 7 的数量与叶片杆 5的数量相同， 并设置在叶片杆 5的正下方， 当叶片 6转动时， 叶片挡杆 7 可挡住叶片 6的下端， 限制叶片 6只能向下转动至垂直位置。
上固定架 1和下固定架 2之间在水轮轴 4的一侧立设有径向的阻水板 8， 阻水板 8的上 端与上固定架 1之间留有当水轮轴 4转动时可供叶片杆 5通过的上间隔 9， 阻水板 8的下端 与下固定架 2之间留有当水轮轴 4转动时可供叶片挡杆 7通过的下间隔 10。
上固定架 1和下固定架 2之间设有可使叶片 6下端翻起成水平以通过上间隔 9的导条 11， 导条 11的下端与下固定架 2之间还留有可通过叶片挡杆 7的间隔。 当水轮轴 4转动时， 转动 至导条 11下方的叶片 6下端与导条 11接触， 在导条 11的作用下， 叶片 6下端向上翻起呈水 平， 即可通过上间隔 9。 所述的导条 11上还可设有叶片导轮 18， 叶片导轮 18的作用是减少 叶片 6和导条 11之间的摩擦消耗。
所述的上固定架 1和下固定架 2之间设有导水板 12， 导水板 12设置在阻水板 8的相对 侧的后部， 导水板 12为与叶片 6转动外圆相适应的圆弧形， 导水板 12为四分之一圆， 导水 板 12的作用是使水流只能通边叶片 6的一侧成环形流动， 且作用的行程较长， 效率更高。
所述的上固定架 1和下固定架 2之间设有水流调节门 15，水流调节门 15设置在阻水板 8 的侧面。 所述的水流调节门 15可为侧开式， 所述的水流调节门 15也可为抽拉闸门式。 水流 调节门可调节通过本装置的水流量， 当水流量低时， 关闭水流调节门， 水流调节门 15可起到 挡水作用， 且与阻水板 8配合可使水流向另一侧推动叶片， 水流量大时打开水流调节门 15， 水可从外侧流出。
所述的上固定架 1上面还可设有浮体和锚链， 其作用在于能根据水位升降使本发明固定 在水床上。
如图 5所示， 本发明使用时， 根据江面河道的自然环境条件及水流情况， 将单台或多台 本发明相连接构成为三角形或一字型将其投放在水中， 并固定上固定架和下固定架。 水流方 向沿箭头方向所示， 水流在阻水板的阻隔下， 水流只能经阻力小的方向流动， 在水流推动下， 叶片压住水轮轴的叶片挡杆， 驱动水轮轴转动。 当叶片运行至导条时， 导条使叶片下端向上 翻起呈水平以通过上间隔， 叶片通过上间隔后受自身重力和水流推压又能迅速落下压住水轮 轴的叶片挡杆， 以此循环旋转从而达到水能转换的目的。
实施例 2 如图 6- 9所示， 本发明另一实施例的水流能量转换装置， 包括上固定架 1和下固定架 2， 上固定架 1和下固定架 2为长方形， 上固定架 1和下固定架 2的外周通过若干根外侧立柱 16 固定连接。 所述上固定架 1和下固定架 2分别对应设有轴孔 3， 两个轴孔 3中设有一根水轮 轴 4， 水轮轴 4可在轴孔 3中转动。
所述的水轮轴 4和轴孔 3之间设有轴承 14， 轴承 14可减少摩擦消耗， 水轮轴 4的一端 可通过增速箱与发电机或水泵连接。 水轮轴 4的上部径向通过焊接上圆盘 51， 在将至少三根 叶片杆 5连接在该上圆盘 51上。 本实施例中， 在水轮轴 4的上部径向设有四根叶片杆 5， 四 根叶片杆 5通过焊接上圆盘 51均布在水轮轴 4的外周。 叶片杆 5的一侧铰接有百叶叶片 61， 该百叶叶片 61通过叶片合页 13与叶片杆 5连接。
叶片杆上铰接的百叶叶片 61由 10片或以上的叶片组成。 上述实施例 1的装置的一片叶 片存在有问题， 当叶片在经叶片导条向上翻起的过程中因叶片的面积大， 叶片所受水的阻力 大。 叶片在通过上间隔口 9后落下时， 叶片在压住叶片档杆 7时的冲击太大。 而且转轮运行 的速度不均匀， 出现跳动现象。 图 Sb 8b2和 8b3分别是叶片的不同结构示意图， 改进后叶 片由一片叶片改为由 10片或以上的百叶叶片 61组成， 叶片在运行至上升导板导条 111处向 上翻起时。 因叶片面积小， 翻起时间不同叶片的水阻力小， 叶片通过上间隔口 9后顺着下降 导板导条 112下降到合适的高度后，脱离下降导板导条 112，叶片 61落下压住叶片挡杆 7时， 亦由于叶片落下的顺序时间不同。 叶片挡杆 7受到的冲击力小， 使转轮匀速运行。 叶片 61设 为长方形叶片和带止口的长方形叶片， 作用： 可调节叶片水平翻起的份数， 使本装置工作处 于优选状态。
如图 7a~7d所示， 上固定架 1和下固定架 2之间设有可使叶片 6下端翻起成水平以通过 上间隔 9的导板导条 111， 其为一块板上设有多条导条。该导板导条 111的下端与下固定架 2 之间还留有可通过叶片挡杆 7的间隔。 当水轮轴 4转动时， 转动至导板导条 111下方的百叶 叶片 61下端与导板导条 111接触， 在导板导条 111的作用下， 百叶叶片 61下端向上翻起呈 水平， 即可通过上间隔 9。
该导板导条 111上还可设有导板导槽 181， 作用是减少叶片 61和导条 111之间的摩擦消 耗。 该导板导槽 181为一块导板上设有多条导槽， 导槽内设有导轮 182或者导带 183 (如图 7c、 7d所示） 。 上述实施例 1的装置为一根叶片杆设一片叶片、 一条导条、 导轮， 原一条导 条、 导轮无法达到最佳的工作效率。 现装置改进为导板导条， 其作用是可防绳索杂物栓绕， 提高效率。 该叶片 61下部一侧设有一叶片导轮， 作用： 减小叶片与导板导条的摩擦， 提高叶 片寿命。
如图 9所示， 上固定架 1和下固定架 2之间在水轮轴 4的一侧立设有径向的活门阻水板 81，活门阻水板 81是在上述实施例 1的装置的原阻水板 8的板体上开设的一个阻水板水流开 关 82， 其作用是调节通过本发明装置的水流量。 该活门阻水板 81的上端与上固定架 1之间 留有当水轮轴 4转动时可供叶片杆 5通过的上间隔 9; 活门阻水板 81的下端与下固定架 2之 间留有当水轮轴 4转动时可供叶片挡杆 7通过的下间隔 10。
如图 8a、 8b及 8c所示， 该水轮轴 4的下部设有与叶片杆 5相对应的可挡住百叶叶片 61 下端的叶片挡杆 7， 该叶片挡杆 7通过连接下圆盘 71焊接在水轮轴 4的下部。 该叶片挡杆 7 的数量与叶片杆 5的数量相同， 并设置在叶片杆 5的正下方。 当百叶叶片 61转动时， 叶片挡 杆 7可挡住叶片 61的下端， 限制叶片 61只能向下转动至垂直位置。 该叶片档杆 7前设有一 圆弧形凹位， 能配合百叶叶片 61向上翻起。 其作用是可以加强、 叶片挡杆 7的强度， 改善转 轮的稳定性， 提高本发明装置的效率。
图 9中所示为， 叶片导板导条的设置， 叶片 61通过上间隔 9的端口后， 叶片受自身重量 和水流力的作用，叶片顺着下降导板导条 111，下降到合适的高度后，脱离下降导板导条 111， 61叶片迅速下行压住叶片挡杆 7， 作用是减小叶片 61接触叶片挡杆 7时的冲击力。
图 6所中示为该上固定架 1和下固定架 2之间设有导水板 12， 导水板 12设置在活门阻 水板 81的相对侧的后部， 导水板 12为与叶片 61转动外圆相适应的圆弧形， 导水板 12为四 分之一圆， 导水板 12的作用是使水流只能通过叶片 61的一侧成环形流动， ， 且作用的行程 较长， 效率更高。
所述的上固定架 1和下固定架 2之间设有水流调节门 15，水流调节门 15设置在阻水板 8 的侧面。 当水流量低时， 关闭水流调节门， 水流调节门 15可起到挡水作用， 且与活门阻水板 81配合可使水流向另一侧推动叶片， 水流量大时打开水流调节门 15， 水可从外侧流出。在本 实施例中， 该水流调节门 15可以改为固定板， 因当本装置多台并排使用后， 上述实施例 1的 水流调节门已不起作用。
上述上固定架 1上面还可设有浮体和锚链， 其作用在于能根据水位升降使本发明固定在 水床上。 上述上间隔 9的端口处还可设有滚轮轴， 其可减少叶片 61通过上间隔口的摩擦力， 如图 10b所示。
如图 10a和 10b所示， 两套手动或电动控制的叶片导板导条机构 （包括上升导板导条和 下降导板导条） 110、 110'的设置， 作用是可在正反两个方向水流如海洋潮汐的地方使用， 例 如， 当水流正向流动时， 其中一套叶片导板导条机构工作， 另一套叶片导板导条机构不工作。 水流反向流动时，叶片导板导条机构工作状态亦相反。手动或电动控制力将导板导条机构 110 推入， 将导板导条机构 110'推出。
另外， 本发明可以根据实际需要， 进行装置的多台串联使用或并联使用； 多台装置串联 工作状态如图 11a所示； 多台装置的并联工作状态如图 lib所示。
以上所述， 仅是本发明的较佳实施例而已， 并非对本发明作任何形式上的限制， 故凡是 未脱离本发明技术方案内容， 依据本发明的技术实质对以上实施例所作的任何简单修改、 等 同变化与修饰,均仍属于本发明技术方案的范围内。

Claims

权 利 要 求 书
I、 一种水流能量转换装置， 其特征在于： 包括上固定架和下固定架， 上固定架和下固定 架上分别对应设有轴孔， 两个轴孔中设有一根水轮轴， 水轮轴的上部径向设有至少三根叶片 杆， 叶片杆的一侧铰接有一片或多片叶片， 水轮轴的下部设有与叶片杆相对应的可挡住叶片 下端的叶片挡杆， 上固定架和下固定架之间在水轮轴的一侧立设有径向的阻水板， 阻水板的 上端与上固定架之间留有当水轮轴转动时可供叶片杆通过的上间隔， 阻水板的下端与下固定 架之间留有当水轮轴转动时可供叶片挡杆通过的下间隔， 上固定架和下固定架之间设有可使 叶片下端向上翻起成水平以通过上间隔的导条。
2、根据权利要求 1所述的水流能量转换装置， 其特征在于： 所述上固定架和下固定架之 间设有导水板， 导水板设置在阻水板的相对侧的后部， 导水板为与叶片转动外圆相适应的圆 弧形。
3、 根据权利要求 1所述的水流能量转换装置， 其特征在于： 所述导条上设有叶片导轮。
4、根据权利要求 1所述的水流能量转换装置， 其特征在于： 所述叶片通过叶片合页与叶 片杆连接。
5、根据权利要求 1所述的水流能量转换装置， 其特征在于： 所述水轮轴和轴孔之间设有 轴承。
6、根据权利要求 1所述的水流能量转换装置，其特征在于：所述上固定架上面设有附体。
7、根据权利要求 1所述的水流能量转换装置， 其特征在于： 所述水轮轴的上部径向设有 四根叶片杆， 四根叶片杆均布在水轮轴的外周； 所述水轮轴的下部径向设有与叶片杆相对应 的可挡住叶片下端的四根叶片挡杆。
8、根据权利要求 1所述的水流能量转换装置， 其特征在于： 所述上固定架和下固定架之 间设有水流调节门， 水流调节门设置在阻水板外侧的前部。
9、根据权利要求 8所述的水流能量转换装置， 其特征在于： 所述水流调节门为可活动的 闸门式或焊接在上固定架和下固定架之间的固定板。
10、 根据权利要求 1所述的水流能量转换装置， 其特征在于： 所述阻水板为调节通过装 置的水流量的活门阻水板。
II、 根据权利要求 1所述的水流能量转换装置， 其特征在于： 所述叶片杆通过上圆盘连 接在水轮轴上部； 所述叶片挡杆通过下圆盘连接在水轮轴下部。
12、根据权利要求 11所述的水流能量转换装置， 其特征在于： 所述叶片挡杆前设有一圆 弧形凹位。
13、 根据权利要求 3所述的水流能量转换装置， 其特征在于： 所述导条为多根排列成一 块板体的导板导条或为一块板体上设有多条导槽的导板导槽； 所述导槽内设有导轮或导带。
14、根据权利要求 1所述的水流能量转换装置， 其特征在于： 所述叶片为由 10片或以上 的叶片组成。
15、根据权利要求 14所述的水流能量转换装置， 其特征在于： 所述叶片设为长方形叶片 和设为带止口的长方形叶片。
16、根据权利要求 15所述的水流能量转换装置， 其特征在于： 所述叶片下部一侧设有一 叶片导轮。
17、 根据权利要求 1所述的水流能量转换装置， 其特征在于： 所述上间隔在其端部设有 滚轮轴。
18、 根据权利要求 1所述的水流能量转换装置， 其特征在于： 所述上间隔口设有螺旋向 下的导板导条。
19、 根据权利要求 1所述的水流能量转换装置， 其特征在于： 其还包括两套手动或电动 控制的叶片导板导条机构； 当水流正向流动时， 其中一套叶片导板导条机构工作， 另一套叶 片导板导条机构不工作； 当水流反向流动时， 叶片导板导条机构工作状态亦相反。 手动或电 动控制力将其中一套导板导条机构推入， 将另一套导板导条机构推出。
20、根据权利要求 19所述的水流能量转换装置， 其特征在于： 所述导板导条机构包括上 升导板导条及下降导板导条。
PCT/CN2012/078509 2011-07-14 2012-07-11 水流能量转换装置 WO2013007199A1 (zh)

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CN110552834A (zh) * 2019-10-16 2019-12-10 刘旋 一种无返水阻力的平流水发电装置

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