WO2013007111A1 - 边界层控制配合主流扰动强化换热一体式除湿干燥方法与系统 - Google Patents

边界层控制配合主流扰动强化换热一体式除湿干燥方法与系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2013007111A1
WO2013007111A1 PCT/CN2012/070727 CN2012070727W WO2013007111A1 WO 2013007111 A1 WO2013007111 A1 WO 2013007111A1 CN 2012070727 W CN2012070727 W CN 2012070727W WO 2013007111 A1 WO2013007111 A1 WO 2013007111A1
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Prior art keywords
boundary layer
flow
heat exchange
disturbance
mainstream
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PCT/CN2012/070727
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English (en)
French (fr)
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王小华
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温岭安能节能科技有限公司
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Priority to US14/112,758 priority Critical patent/US20140026594A1/en
Publication of WO2013007111A1 publication Critical patent/WO2013007111A1/zh
Priority to US15/353,621 priority patent/US10226735B2/en

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B21/00—Machines, plants or systems, using electric or magnetic effects
    • F25B21/02—Machines, plants or systems, using electric or magnetic effects using Peltier effect; using Nernst-Ettinghausen effect
    • F25B21/04—Machines, plants or systems, using electric or magnetic effects using Peltier effect; using Nernst-Ettinghausen effect reversible
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/26—Drying gases or vapours
    • B01D53/265—Drying gases or vapours by refrigeration (condensation)
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F3/00—Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems
    • F24F3/12—Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems characterised by the treatment of the air otherwise than by heating and cooling
    • F24F3/14—Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems characterised by the treatment of the air otherwise than by heating and cooling by humidification; by dehumidification
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F5/00—Air-conditioning systems or apparatus not covered by F24F1/00 or F24F3/00, e.g. using solar heat or combined with household units such as an oven or water heater
    • F24F5/0042—Air-conditioning systems or apparatus not covered by F24F1/00 or F24F3/00, e.g. using solar heat or combined with household units such as an oven or water heater characterised by the application of thermo-electric units or the Peltier effect
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B23/00—Heating arrangements
    • F26B23/04—Heating arrangements using electric heating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
    • B01D2257/80—Water

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of dehumidification and drying, in particular to a boundary layer control and a mainstream disturbance enhanced heat exchange integrated dehumidification drying method and system.
  • the existing and mature dehumidification technologies mainly include: cooling and dehumidification, liquid absorption dehumidification, solid adsorption dehumidification, heating and the same system ( Heating, ventilation and air conditioning, HVAC Dehumidification, and roller adsorption dehumidification developed on the basis of solid adsorption dehumidification technology.
  • cooling and dehumidification liquid absorption dehumidification
  • solid adsorption dehumidification heating and the same system
  • Heating, ventilation and air conditioning, HVAC Dehumidification, and roller adsorption dehumidification developed on the basis of solid adsorption dehumidification technology Heating, ventilation and air conditioning, HVAC Dehumidification, and roller adsorption dehumidification developed on the basis of solid adsorption dehumidification technology.
  • a new dehumidification technology--thermoelectric condensation dehumidification technology is gradually getting more and more widely used. .
  • the basic principle of cooling and dehumidification is to use a natural or artificial cold source to cool the humid air to a dew point temperature, which exceeds the saturated moisture content of the water vapor and is removed by condensed water.
  • the most representative equipment for cooling and dehumidification is a freeze dehumidifier.
  • Refrigeration dehumidifiers generally consist of a refrigeration compressor, an evaporator, a condenser, an expansion valve, and a fan and damper.
  • the method is the earliest development and the most mature method in the dehumidification technology, and is characterized by low initial investment cost.
  • the COP is high, reliable, and requires no heat source. This technology is currently the most widely used in daily life.
  • the liquid absorption type dehumidification is characterized in that the liquid desiccant is used to indicate that the partial pressure of water vapor is lower than the partial pressure of water vapor in the humid air, and under the action of the pressure gradient, the water vapor in the humid air is adsorbed to the desiccant until the water vapor is divided. The pressure is consistent.
  • the liquid desiccant needs to remove moisture and recycle after regeneration.
  • Typical liquid absorption dehumidification devices mainly include equipment such as a dehumidifier, a regenerator, an evaporative cooler, a heat exchanger, and a pump.
  • the liquid absorption type dehumidification device has a large processing capacity and a good dehumidification effect.
  • the liquid desiccant absorbs water vapor, it can also absorb some harmful substances such as pathogenic bacteria and chemical pollutants in the air, and has a certain purifying effect on the air.
  • the liquid absorption process requires heat to be regenerated by the liquid desiccant, which can be satisfied by low-grade heat sources such as solar energy or industrial waste heat, and thus can have characteristics of low energy consumption.
  • low-grade heat sources such as solar energy or industrial waste heat
  • Liquid absorption dehumidification equipment the overall footprint is larger than the refrigeration dehumidification device, and needs continuous maintenance;
  • the COP is low, and the corrosion of the liquid desiccant on the equipment, as well as the liquid flow control (prevention of the generation of droplets), is mainly used in the industrial field.
  • Solid adsorption dehumidification and liquid absorption dehumidification on the basic principle, the use of a desiccant to adsorb water vapor in the air, the difference is that the form of the desiccant is solid.
  • the desiccant releases a large amount of heat during the adsorption of water vapor.
  • the desiccant In order to maintain a high adsorption capacity, the desiccant must be cooled during the adsorption process, which increases the energy consumption of the process operation.
  • the most typical one is a rotary adsorption dehumidifier. It mainly consists of a dry runner, a regenerative heater, a dehumidifier fan and a regenerative fan.
  • dehumidification energy consumption becomes one of the main energy components of air conditioning systems, and dehumidification energy consumption accounts for Total energy consumption of air conditioning systems 20 ⁇ 40% .
  • the improvement of dehumidification technology is one of the important aspects of energy saving in air conditioning systems.
  • the thermoelectric condensation dehumidification technology is based on the Peltier effect and the Seebeck effect, and is the application of the thermoelectric refrigeration principle in the dehumidification process. With its small size, high stability, no need for refrigerants and desiccants, and environmentally friendly typical features, it is a cutting-edge technology in the field of dehumidification.
  • the hot spot condensation dehumidification technology has the characteristics of cold and heat integration
  • the cold energy treatment and the heat treatment can be carried out at the same time, and the change of the absolute humidity can be controlled, and the change of the relative humidity can be controlled.
  • Very high application value Compared with the traditional condensing dehumidification system, due to the large drop in overall power, the operating energy consumption is correspondingly reduced.
  • the system can use solar energy as a source of electrical energy. At the same time, by controlling the current, the condensation and heating effects can be directly adjusted.
  • thermoelectric condensation dehumidification technology has the boundary layer hindering the heat transfer, and the mainstream short flow cannot be fully heated and cooled, which limits the efficient heat transfer and affects the efficiency of dehumidification.
  • the present invention provides an efficient overcoming of the boundary layer hindering the heat transfer, and at the same time, breaking the conventional method, the mainstream short flow is insufficient.
  • the limitation of being heated and cooled, the boundary layer control of the integrated high-efficiency heat exchange forming the full flow field is combined with the mainstream disturbance enhanced heat exchange integrated dehumidification drying method and system.
  • the boundary layer control cooperates with the mainstream disturbance to enhance the heat exchange integrated dehumidification drying method, and forms a boundary layer flow control device in the flow boundary layer to form a periodic vortex along the axial direction of the flow channel to form a cleaning effect on the hot and cold side wall.
  • the boundary layer that hinders heat exchange is destroyed, and on the other hand, the cold heat generated by the cold and hot wall is quickly transmitted to the mainstream portion of the flow by the formed eddy current.
  • This is in contrast to the traditional boundary layer control concept, which is a new way to enhance heat transfer through boundary layer flow control. From the perspective of flow control and heat transfer enhancement, it is proposed to use inertial separation combined with multi-stage condensation to greatly improve the efficiency of gas-liquid separation while deepening the condensation treatment.
  • the boundary layer disturbance method is used to enhance the heat transfer efficiency of the heat treatment section, and Through a reasonable airflow organization method, it is ensured that the heat treatment section does not overheat, and at the same time, the outlet air temperature is consistent, and the temperature is correspondingly improved, and can be used for drying or storage.
  • a mainstream disturbance device is arranged in the flowing main flow channel, and a vortex flow along the main flow channel is formed behind the main flow disturbance device, and the cold heat transfer from the boundary layer is quickly matched with the flow from the boundary layer.
  • a uniform temperature field is formed, thereby improving the efficiency of cold and heat exchange in the flow channel.
  • said boundary layer flow control means is a perturbation cylinder disposed axially along the flow channel on the boundary layer.
  • the wake flow of the disturbing cylinder is used to strengthen the contact between the air and the hot and cold wall to enhance the condensation separation and heat transfer enhancement.
  • the main flow agitating means is a delta wing or an elliptical or circular wing disposed axially along the flow passage on the main flow path.
  • the boundary layer control cooperates with the mainstream disturbance heat-enhanced integrated dehumidification drying system, including the heat insulation chassis, and the semiconductor thermoelectric pair is disposed in the heat insulation case, and the semiconductor thermoelectric pair includes a cold end face located below and a hot end face located above, and the cooling end rib
  • the sheet set is connected below the cold end face
  • the right side of the refrigerating end rib piece set is connected to the air inlet port
  • the sump is arranged below the refrigerating end rib piece set
  • the drain port is opened below the sump
  • the heating end rib piece set is connected above the hot end face.
  • the right end of the heating end fin group is connected to the exhaust port, and the refrigerating end fin group is composed of at least two refrigerating end fins arranged longitudinally in front and rear, and the heating end fin group is composed of at least two heating ends
  • the ribs are longitudinally arranged in front and rear, and the refrigerating end ribs are disposed at a position close to the wall surface to longitudinally provide at least one boundary layer flow control device.
  • the flow direction is set to be parallel to the cold end face, the cold end face is on the upper side of the incoming flow, and the flow flows under the ribs to ensure sufficient condensation, and the gas passes through the increased refrigeration end.
  • the ribs are in full contact and utilize the characteristics of the air as a function of temperature to ensure that the air in the entire section is uniformly treated to maximize the cooling effect of the cooling end.
  • the boundary layer flow control device causes the incoming flow to form a periodic eddy current along the axial direction of the flow channel, forming a cleaning effect on the hot and cold side wall, on the one hand destroying the boundary layer which hinders the heat exchange, and on the other hand, forming the eddy current, which will be hot and cold
  • the cold heat generated by the wall is quickly transmitted to the main part of the flow.
  • At least one mainstream disturbance device is disposed longitudinally in the middle of the refrigerating end fins.
  • a vortex extending along the main channel is formed behind the main disturbance device, and cooperates with the flow from the boundary layer to quickly transfer the cold heat from the boundary layer to the whole field to form a uniform temperature field, thereby improving the flow.
  • the efficiency of cold and heat exchange within the channel is disposed longitudinally in the middle of the refrigerating end fins.
  • the boundary layer flow control device is a spoiler cylinder distributed along the axial direction of the flow channel.
  • said primary disturbance means are delta wings or elliptical or circular wings distributed axially along the flow passage.
  • the longitudinal end section of the refrigerating end fin is trapezoidal. Ensure that the condensed and separated water droplets can naturally flow into the sump along the lower surface.
  • the refrigerating end fins have a W-shaped cross section. Ensure the gas flow area between the ribs while avoiding channel freezing problems caused by cold concentration.
  • the passage between the W-shaped ribs parallel to each other can realize the inertial separation of gas and liquid by changing the direction of the flow. Due to the impact of the inertia of the gas on the cold ribs, the inertial separation and wall capture are simultaneously ensured. effect.
  • the surface of the refrigerating end fin is provided with a screen.
  • the surface tension of water is used to prevent secondary cracking and following of the already condensed water.
  • At least one boundary layer flow control device is disposed longitudinally at a position adjacent to the wall of the heating end rib.
  • At least one main flow agitating device is disposed longitudinally in the middle of the heating end fins.
  • the advantage of the boundary layer control of the present invention combined with the mainstream disturbance enhanced heat exchange integrated dehumidification drying system is that, from the perspective of flow control and heat transfer enhancement, it is proposed to combine inertial separation and multi-stage condensation to deepen the condensation treatment.
  • the boundary layer disturbance method is adopted to strengthen the heat transfer efficiency of the heat treatment section, and a reasonable airflow organization method is adopted to ensure that the heat treatment section does not overheat, and at the same time, the outlet air temperature is consistent, and the temperature is overall.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of an embodiment of a boundary layer control combined with a mainstream disturbance enhanced heat exchange integrated dehumidifying and drying system according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a refrigerating end fin group of the first embodiment.
  • FIG 3 is a schematic structural view of a refrigerating end fin group of the second embodiment.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a refrigerating end fin group of the third embodiment.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of a heating end fin group of the first embodiment
  • the boundary layer control cooperates with the mainstream disturbance heat-enhanced integrated dehumidification drying method, sets a boundary layer flow control device in the flow boundary layer, and sets a mainstream disturbance device in the flowing main flow channel, and the boundary layer flow control device is on the boundary layer A perturbation cylinder disposed axially along the flow passage, the main flow disturbance device being a delta wing disposed axially along the flow passage on the main flow passage.
  • the boundary layer control cooperates with the mainstream disturbance heat-enhanced integrated dehumidification drying system, as shown in Figures 1, 2, and 5, including the heat insulation chassis 1, the semiconductor thermoelectric pair 2 is disposed in the heat insulation chassis 1, and the semiconductor thermoelectric pair 2 is located
  • the lower cold end surface 3 and the upper hot end surface 4, the refrigerating end fin group 5 are connected below the cold end surface 3, the refrigerating end fin group 5 is connected to the right side of the air inlet 6, and the refrigerating end fin group 5 is provided with a sump 7.
  • a drain port 8 is opened below the sump 7, and a heating end fin group 9 is connected above the hot end surface 4.
  • the right end of the heating end fin group 9 is connected to the exhaust port 10, and the refrigerating end fin group 5 is connected.
  • the plurality of refrigerating end fins 11 are vertically and vertically arranged.
  • the heating end fin group 9 is composed of a plurality of heating end fins 14 arranged longitudinally in front and rear, and the longitudinal end section of the refrigerating end fins 11 is trapezoidal.
  • the cross section is rectangular.
  • a plurality of boundary layer flow control devices 12 are longitudinally disposed at a position close to the wall surface of the refrigerating end fins 11, and the boundary layer flow control device 12 is a spoiler cylinder distributed along the axial direction of the flow channel.
  • a plurality of boundary layer flow control devices 12 are longitudinally disposed at a position close to the wall surface of the heating end fins 14, and at least one main flow agitating device 15 is longitudinally disposed in the middle of the heating end fins 14, and the boundary layer flow control device 12 is axially distributed along the flow channel.
  • the spoiler cylinder, the main flow disturbing device 15 is a delta wing distributed along the axial direction of the flow channel.
  • the boundary layer control cooperates with the mainstream disturbance heat-enhanced integrated dehumidification drying system, as shown in Figures 1, 3 and 5, including the heat insulation chassis 1, the semiconductor thermoelectric pair 2 is disposed in the heat insulation chassis 1, and the semiconductor thermoelectric pair 2 is located
  • the lower cold end surface 3 and the upper hot end surface 4, the refrigerating end fin group 5 are connected below the cold end surface 3, the refrigerating end fin group 5 is connected to the right side of the air inlet 6, and the refrigerating end fin group 5 is provided with a sump 7.
  • a drain port 8 is opened below the sump 7, and a heating end fin group 9 is connected above the hot end surface 4.
  • the right end of the heating end fin group 9 is connected to the exhaust port 10, and the refrigerating end fin group 5 is connected.
  • the plurality of refrigerating end fins 11 are vertically and vertically arranged.
  • the heating end fin group 9 is composed of a plurality of heating end fins 14 arranged longitudinally in front and rear, and the longitudinal end section of the refrigerating end fins 11 is trapezoidal.
  • the cross section is rectangular.
  • a plurality of boundary layer flow control devices 12 are longitudinally disposed at a position close to the wall surface of the refrigerating end fins 11, and a plurality of main flow agitating devices 15 are longitudinally disposed in the middle of the refrigerating end fins 11.
  • the boundary layer flow control device 12 is a spoiler cylinder distributed along the axial direction of the flow channel, and the main flow agitating device 15 is a delta wing distributed along the axial direction of the flow channel.
  • the heating end fins 14 are disposed close to the wall surface and are longitudinally arranged with a plurality of boundaries Example 3
  • the boundary layer control cooperates with the mainstream disturbance heat-enhanced integrated dehumidification drying system, as shown in FIGS. 1, 4 and 5, including the heat insulation chassis 1, the semiconductor thermoelectric pair 2 is disposed in the heat insulation chassis 1, and the semiconductor thermoelectric pair 2 is located
  • the lower cold end surface 3 and the upper hot end surface 4, the refrigerating end fin group 5 are connected below the cold end surface 3, the refrigerating end fin group 5 is connected to the right side of the air inlet 6, and the refrigerating end fin group 5 is provided with a sump 7.
  • a drain port 8 is opened below the sump 7, and a heating end fin group 9 is connected above the hot end surface 4.
  • the right end of the heating end fin group 9 is connected to the exhaust port 10, and the refrigerating end fin group 5 is connected.
  • the plurality of refrigerating end fins 11 are vertically and vertically arranged.
  • the heating end fin group 9 is composed of a plurality of heating end fins 14 arranged longitudinally in front and rear, and the longitudinal end section of the refrigerating end fins 11 is trapezoidal.
  • the cross section is W-shaped, and the screen 13 is disposed on the surface of the refrigerating end fin 11 .
  • a plurality of boundary layer flow control devices 12 are longitudinally disposed at a position close to the wall surface of the refrigerating end fins 11, and a plurality of main flow agitating devices 15 are longitudinally disposed in the middle of the refrigerating end fins 11.
  • the boundary layer flow control device 12 is a spoiler cylinder distributed along the axial direction of the flow channel, and the main flow agitating device 15 is a delta wing distributed along the axial direction of the flow channel.
  • a plurality of boundary layer flow control devices 12 are longitudinally disposed at a position adjacent to the wall of the heating end fins 14.
  • At least one main flow damper 15 is longitudinally disposed in the middle of the heating end fins 14.
  • the specific implementation manner mainly includes:
  • Household dehumidification For household dehumidification, it mainly includes the preservation and rapid drying of items during the rainy season (hanging the items on the heating end); at the same time, it can also provide the home with the corresponding quality of air as a dehumidification heating device.
  • the invention can realize the heat and moisture division of the user environment under low energy consumption conditions, thereby improving user comfort, and the method is compared with the traditional heating methods. The characteristics of governance will inevitably increase the efficiency of indoor air treatment.
  • the preservation of items under relatively constant humidity and temperature conditions.
  • the traditional method is to use dehumidification methods with higher energy consumption, such as dehumidification through refrigeration cycle, high cost and low efficiency, how to build storage quickly, efficiently and with low cost.
  • the air environment obviously has important application value.
  • the invention provides a closed space temperature and humidity adaptive processing device, which can efficiently provide good quality air for the corresponding space, and is beneficial to long-term preservation of the article.
  • Portable artificial environment another important use of the present invention is to connect the new energy source and the energy storage technology such as solar energy, and to adopt the unit type closed space and apply the space bin under the premise of light weight and small volume.
  • Multi-layer technology providing users with the right quality enclosed space anytime and anywhere, can be used in special fields such as camping, field hospitals and archaeology, and the efficient treatment of closed space air.
  • Circulating economic high-humidity environment integrated process For high-humidity environment, another application of the present invention is to filter and disinfect a large amount of condensed water obtained by dehumidification in the process of unit dehumidification drying, in low energy consumption. Providing a higher quality drinking water, the method can be applied to various industrial fields that work long distances at sea, as well as areas with high humidity and difficult water supply. On the one hand, it provides customers with a comfortable air environment, while providing a certain amount of drinking water, thus forming a comprehensive process system with cyclic economic characteristics.

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Abstract

一种边界层控制配合主流扰动强化换热一体式除湿干燥方法，通过在流动边界层设定边界层流动控制装置（12）和在主流道设置主流扰动装置（15）来实现充分换热。一种边界层控制配合主流扰动强化换热一体式除湿干燥系统，包括设置在绝热机箱（1）内的半导体热电对（2），半导体热电对（2）包括位于下方的冷端面（3）和位于上方的热端面（4），其中与半导体热电对（2）的冷端面（3）连接的制冷端肋片（11）在贴近壁面的位置纵向设置多个边界层流动控制装置（12），在制冷端肋片（11）中间的主流道设置主流道扰动装置（15）；连接在热端面（4）上方的制热端肋片（14）也同样设置。该方法克服了边界层阻碍冷热传递和主流短流不能充分被加热、冷却的缺陷。

Description

边界层控制配合主流扰动强化换热一体式除湿干燥方法与系统 技术领域
本发明涉及除湿干燥领域，特别涉及一种边界层控制配合主流扰动强化换热一体式除湿干燥方法与系统。
背景技术
潮湿空气或其它工艺气体的快速除湿及干燥，是涉及到从日常生活到工业应用诸多领域的重要问题。
随着人们对空气、食品和医药等品质要求的不断提高，生产和生活环境中湿度的控制，已经成为一个非常重要的问题。对于工业领域而言，潮湿空气已经冷凝水的存在，将直接导致仪器和部件的腐蚀、失灵，甚至导致相应的工艺系统失效。同时，潮湿还必然导致工艺材料特性的改变，从而对生产造成不良的影响。日常生活中，潮湿是导致霉变根本因素和导致病变的主要因素，病菌和污染物向空气和人体传播的速度，因此而加快。研究表明，人体生活较为合适的湿度范围（与所处地域和季节环境温度的变化相匹配）应控制在 40~65% 之间。空气湿度的独立控制，已成为一种必然的发展趋势。但是，在能源危机和环境恶化的双重形势下，开发具有高效节能的除湿工艺及系统，显然是除湿技术发展的最终途径。
现有的、比较成熟的除湿技术主要包括：冷却除湿、液体吸收式除湿、固体吸附式除湿、采暖与同分系统（ heating, ventilation and air conditioning, HVAC ）除湿、以及在固体吸附除湿技术基础上发展起来的转轮吸附式除湿等。另外随着半导体冷热技术从航空航天领域，向民用领域的转化，以及在节能减排大形势下，一种全新的除湿技术--热电冷凝式除湿技术，也逐渐得到越来越广的应用。
冷却除湿的基本原理是使用天然或人工冷源，将潮湿空气冷却到露点温度一下，超过饱和含湿量的水蒸气，以冷凝水的方式脱除。冷却除湿最具代表性的设备，是冷冻除湿机。冷冻除湿机一般由制冷压缩机、蒸发器、冷凝器、膨胀阀以及风机和风阀组成。该方法是除湿技术中，形成最早发展最成熟的方法，其特点在于初期投资费用较低、 COP 较高、可靠方便和无需热源等。该技术，目前在日常生活中应用最广。但由于该技术采用卡诺循环的方式，其制冷剂可能会对环境造成恶劣影响，同时尽管 COP 高，但多机运行的耦合流程工艺系统，必然造成电能的大量消耗。另外这种除湿系统，不宜在环境温度恶劣（过高或过低）的条件下应用，同时该流程维护较为麻烦。由于其对环境的影响和运行能耗的问题，其应用会受到越来越严格的控制。
液体吸收式除湿，是利用液体干燥剂表明水蒸气分压低于湿空气中水蒸气分压的特征，在压力梯度作用下，将湿空气中水蒸气吸附到干燥剂中，直至二者水蒸气分压一致。液体干燥剂需要除去水分，再生后循环利用。典型的液体吸收式除湿装置主要包括除湿器、再生器、蒸发冷却器、热交换器以及泵等设备。液体吸收式除湿设备处理量大，除湿效果好。而且液体干燥剂在吸收水蒸气的同时，也可以吸收空气中的部分病菌、化学污染物等有害物质，对空气有一定的净化作用。液体吸收式过程需要液体干燥剂再生的热量，这些热量可采用太阳能或工业废热等低品位热源就可满足，因此可以具有低能耗的特征。但是，需要补充太阳能设备或者与其它生产工艺相配合，热源的稳定性需要考虑，同时投资和占地面积也会因此发生变化。液体吸收式除湿设备，整体占地面积大于冷冻式除湿装置，需持续保养；系统的 COP 较低，另外液体干燥剂对设备的腐蚀，以及液体流态控制（防止飞沫的产生）等问题的存在，该方式主要在工业领域中应用。
固体吸附式除湿与液体吸收式除湿，在基本原理上，都是采用干燥剂吸附空气中的水蒸气，差别在于干燥剂的形态为固体。干燥剂在吸附水蒸气过程中，会释放大量的热，为了保持较高的吸附能力，必须在吸附过程中对干燥剂进行降温，会增加流程运行的能耗。固体吸附式设备中，最典型的是转轮吸附式除湿机。主要由干燥转轮、再生加热器、除湿用风机和再生用风机组成。在转轮吸附式除湿设备中，湿空气和再生空气都要通过风机送风，在加上转轮本身的旋转，设备噪音较大，需定期维护。转轮上固体干燥剂的吸附能力越强，再生时脱附所需能耗越大，再生所需温度也因此越高。如果环境有要求，可能还需要配置降温设备。相对于冷却除湿而言，固体吸附式除湿工艺 COP 低，但除湿量大，特别适用于低温、低湿空气的处理，主要应用于工业生产过程中。
随着生产技术水平和生活水平的提高，人们在环境保护和节约能源方面，具有越发强烈的意识，并通过各种技术手段和方法，来提高相应工艺流程的效率，并不断创造出更具有绿色生产或清洁生产特征的工艺流程。除湿技术领域也不例外，具有绿色环保特征工艺的开发，以及传统工艺流程的节能改造，已成为行业发展的必由之路。近年来，全球领域内对于空气调节的需求日益增加，使传统空调系统的能耗和污染（二氧化氮排放、氟利昂泄漏等）持续增长，目前空气调节所占能耗的比例已达到 15% 以上，且在持续增加。空气中水蒸气的含量，随不同地区的地域特征和季节发生较大变化，同时由于水的汽化潜热很高，导致除湿能耗成为空调系统主要的能耗组成部分之一，除湿能耗占到空调系统总能耗的 20~40% 。除湿技术的改进，是空调系统节能的重要环节之一。热电冷凝除湿技术是建立在帕尔贴效应和塞贝克效应基础上的，是热电制冷原理在除湿过程中的应用。具有体积小、稳定性高、无需制冷剂和干燥剂以及环境友好的典型特征，是除湿领域中的前沿技术。由于热点冷凝除湿技术具有冷热一体的特征，在较小的能耗下，同时可展开冷能处理和加热处理两个环节，即可控制绝对湿度的变化，又能控制相对湿度的变化，具有非常高的应用价值。与传统的冷凝式除湿系统相比较，由于整体功率的大幅下降，运行能耗相应大幅下降，该系统可采用太阳能作为电能的来源；同时由于通过控制电流的大小，可直接调整冷凝和加热效果，操控方便；由于操控方便，可保证整个除湿过程具有较高的稳定性，热点装置可工作 100,000 小时以上，寿命远高于传统的冷凝式除湿设备；整个除湿过程中，除了功率较小的风机承担推进气体流动和冷凝换热过程外，设备无其他机械传动过程，噪声小而启动快； 对环境的要求低，工作环境温度可在 -40-70 ℃之间，可在非常恶劣、非常敏感的环境中工作，可随时迁移至所需的工作区段，移动灵活。综上所述，该方法必然成为除湿技术发展的一个重要方向和趋势。
但热电冷凝除湿技术存在边界层阻碍冷热传递，且主流短流不能充分被加热、冷却的局限，限制了高效换热，影响了除湿的效率。
发明内容
针对现有技术存在边界层阻碍冷热传递，且主流短流不能充分被加热、冷却的缺陷，本发明提供一种高效克服边界层阻碍冷热传递，同时，打破传统方法中主流短流不能充分被加热和冷却的局限，形成全流场的一体式高效换热的边界层控制配合主流扰动强化换热一体式除湿干燥方法与系统。
为实现上述发明目的，本发明采用如下的技术方案：
边界层控制配合主流扰动强化换热一体式除湿干燥方法，通过在流动边界层设定边界层流动控制装置形成沿流动通道轴向的周期性涡流，形成对冷热边壁的清扫作用，一方面破坏阻碍换热的边界层，另一方面通过形成的涡流，将冷热壁面所产生的冷热量快速传递向流动的主流部分。这与传统的边界层控制理念截然不同，是一种全新的通过边界层流动控制强化传热的方法。从流动控制和传热强化的角度，提出利用惯性分离与多段式冷凝相结合，在深化冷凝处理的同时，大幅度提高气液分离的效率，是从冷凝处理段出来的空气，在相同的能耗条件下，具有更低的绝对湿度（或者说采用本工艺，混合气体绝对湿度达到相同取值时，能耗更低）；同时采用边界层扰动的方法，强化热处理段的传热效率，并通过合理的气流组织方法，确保热处理段不发生过热现象，而同时，出口空气温度一致性高，且温度整体有相应的提升，可用于干燥或储存。
作为优选，在流动的主流道设置主流扰动装置，在主流扰动装置后方形成沿主流道展向的涡流，与从边界层甩出的流动相配合，快速将从边界层带出的冷热量传递至全场，形成均匀的温度场，从而提高流动通道内的冷热交换效率。
作为优选，所述的边界层流动控制装置为在边界层上沿流动通道轴向设置的扰动圆柱体。利用扰动圆柱体扰流的尾流流动，强化空气与冷热壁面的接触，达到强化冷凝分离与强化传热的目的。
作为优选，所述主流扰动装置是在主流道上沿流动通道轴向设置的三角翼或椭圆翼或圆形翼。
边界层控制配合主流扰动强化换热一体式除湿干燥系统，包括绝热机箱，半导体热电对设置在绝热机箱内，所述的半导体热电对包括位于下方的冷端面与位于上方的热端面，制冷端肋片组连接在冷端面下方，制冷端肋片组右方连接进气口，制冷端肋片组下方设置集水槽，集水槽下方开有排水口，制热端肋片组连接在热端面上方，制热端肋片组右端与排气口连接，所述的制冷端肋片组由至少两个制冷端肋片前后纵向排列组成，所述的制热端肋片组由至少两个制热端肋片前后纵向排列组成，所述的制冷端肋片贴近壁面的位置纵向设置至少一个边界层流动控制装置。将来流方向设置为与冷端面平行的方向，冷端面处在来流的上侧，流动从肋片下流过，以保证冷凝的充分开展，气体在流动过程中，通过与经过增大的制冷端肋片的充分接触，并利用空气随温度变化的特征，保证整个区段内空气得到均匀的处理，以最大程度发挥制冷端的冷效应。边界层流动控制装置使来流形成沿流动通道轴向的周期性涡流，形成对冷热边壁的清扫作用，一方面破坏阻碍换热的边界层，另一方面通过形成的涡流，将冷热壁面所产生的冷热量快速传递向流动的主流部分。
作为优选，所述的制冷端肋片中间纵向设置至少一个主流扰动装置。在主流扰动装置后方形成沿主流道展向的涡流，与从边界层甩出的流动相配合，快速将从边界层带出的冷热量传递至全场，形成均匀的温度场，从而提高流动通道内的冷热交换效率。
作为优选，所述的边界层流动控制装置为沿流动通道轴向分布的扰流圆柱体。
作为优选，所述的主流扰动装置为沿流动通道轴向分布的三角翼或椭圆翼或圆形翼。
作为优选，所述的制冷端肋片的纵截面为梯形。确保冷凝下来和分离出来的水滴，能够沿着下表面自然流入集水器中排出。
作为优选，所述的制冷端肋片的横截面为W形。保证肋片之间的气体通流面积，同时避免冷集中造成的通道冻塞问题。相互平行的W形肋片之间的通道，可以通过改变流动的方向，实现气液的惯性分离，由于气体保持惯性对冷肋片的冲击，也在惯性分离及壁面捕捉的同时，保证冷处理的效果。
作为优选，所述的制冷端肋片表面设置筛网。利用水的表面张力，防止已经凝结的水发生二次破碎和跟随。
作为优选，所述的制热端肋片贴近壁面的位置纵向设置至少一个边界层流动控制装置。
作为优选，所述的制热端肋片中间纵向设置至少一个主流扰动装置。
本发明的边界层控制配合主流扰动强化换热一体式除湿干燥系统的优越性在于：从流动控制和传热强化的角度，提出利用惯性分离与多段式冷凝相结合，在深化冷凝处理的同时，大幅度提高气液分离的效率，使从冷凝处理段出来的空气，在相同的能耗条件下，具有更低的绝对湿度（或者说采用本工艺，混合气体绝对湿度达到相同取值时，能耗更低）；同时采用边界层扰动的方法，强化热处理段的传热效率，并通过合理的气流组织方法，确保热处理段不发生过热现象，而同时，出口空气温度一致性高，且温度整体有相应的提升，可用于干燥或储存。
附图说明
图1 为本发明所述的边界层控制配合主流扰动强化换热一体式除湿干燥系统实施例的结构示意图。
图2为实施例一的制冷端肋片组的结构示意图。
图3为实施例二的制冷端肋片组的结构示意图。
图4为实施例三的制冷端肋片组的结构示意图。
图5为实施例一的制热端肋片组的结构示意图
具体实施例
下面结合附图1－5与具体实施方式对本发明作进一步详细描述：
边界层控制配合主流扰动强化换热一体式除湿干燥方法，在流动边界层设定边界层流动控制装置，在流动的主流道设置主流扰动装置，所述的边界层流动控制装置为在边界层上沿流动通道轴向设置的扰动圆柱体，所述主流扰动装置是在主流道上沿流动通道轴向设置的三角翼。
实施例1
边界层控制配合主流扰动强化换热一体式除湿干燥系统，如图1、2、5所示，包括绝热机箱1，半导体热电对2设置在绝热机箱1内，所述的半导体热电对2包括位于下方的冷端面3与位于上方的热端面4，制冷端肋片组5连接在冷端面3下方，制冷端肋片组5右方连接进气口6，制冷端肋片组5下方设置集水槽7，集水槽7下方开有排水口8，制热端肋片组9连接在热端面4上方，制热端肋片组9右端与排气口10连接，所述的制冷端肋片组5由多个制冷端肋片11前后纵向排列组成，所述的制热端肋片组9由多个制热端肋片14前后纵向排列组成，所述的制冷端肋片11的纵截面为梯形，横截面为长方形。所述的制冷端肋片11贴近壁面的位置纵向设置多个边界层流动控制装置12，所述的边界层流动控制装置12为沿流动通道轴向分布的扰流圆柱体。制热端肋片14贴近壁面的位置纵向设置多个边界层流动控制装置12，制热端肋片14中间纵向设置至少一个主流扰动装置15，边界层流动控制装置12为沿流动通道轴向分布的扰流圆柱体，主流扰动装置15为沿流动通道轴向分布的三角翼。
实施例2
边界层控制配合主流扰动强化换热一体式除湿干燥系统，如图1、3、5所示，包括绝热机箱1，半导体热电对2设置在绝热机箱1内，所述的半导体热电对2包括位于下方的冷端面3与位于上方的热端面4，制冷端肋片组5连接在冷端面3下方，制冷端肋片组5右方连接进气口6，制冷端肋片组5下方设置集水槽7，集水槽7下方开有排水口8，制热端肋片组9连接在热端面4上方，制热端肋片组9右端与排气口10连接，所述的制冷端肋片组5由多个制冷端肋片11前后纵向排列组成，所述的制热端肋片组9由多个制热端肋片14前后纵向排列组成，所述的制冷端肋片11的纵截面为梯形，横截面为长方形。所述的制冷端肋片11贴近壁面的位置纵向设置多个边界层流动控制装置12，制冷端肋片11中间纵向设置多个主流扰动装置15。所述的边界层流动控制装置12为沿流动通道轴向分布的扰流圆柱体，主流扰动装置15为沿流动通道轴向分布的三角翼。制热端肋片14贴近壁面的位置纵向设置多个边界 实施例3
边界层控制配合主流扰动强化换热一体式除湿干燥系统，如图1、4、5所示，包括绝热机箱1，半导体热电对2设置在绝热机箱1内，所述的半导体热电对2包括位于下方的冷端面3与位于上方的热端面4，制冷端肋片组5连接在冷端面3下方，制冷端肋片组5右方连接进气口6，制冷端肋片组5下方设置集水槽7，集水槽7下方开有排水口8，制热端肋片组9连接在热端面4上方，制热端肋片组9右端与排气口10连接，所述的制冷端肋片组5由多个制冷端肋片11前后纵向排列组成，所述的制热端肋片组9由多个制热端肋片14前后纵向排列组成，所述的制冷端肋片11的纵截面为梯形，横截面为W形，制冷端肋片11表面设置筛网13。所述的制冷端肋片11贴近壁面的位置纵向设置多个边界层流动控制装置12，制冷端肋片11中间纵向设置多个主流扰动装置15。所述的边界层流动控制装置12为沿流动通道轴向分布的扰流圆柱体，主流扰动装置15为沿流动通道轴向分布的三角翼。制热端肋片14贴近壁面的位置纵向设置多个边界层流动控制装置12。制热端肋片14中间纵向设置至少一个主流扰动装置15。
实施例4
根据本发明应用的不同行业领域，具体实施的方式主要包括：
家庭除湿：对于家庭除湿，主要包括梅雨季节物品的保存和快速干燥（将物品挂在制热端）；同时也可为作为除湿加热装置，为家庭提供具有相应品质的空气。对于长江流域的江南湿寒地区，采用本发明可实现在低能耗条件下，用户环境的热湿分治，从而提高用户舒适度，该方法与传统的各种加热方法相比较，其热湿分治的特点，必然提高室内空气处理的效率。
工业除湿：工业除湿问题中，气溶胶的高效分离具有非常强的应用前景，传统的除湿方法，多采用惯性分离、截留分离和丝网级过滤得方法，能耗很大，但是除湿效率对于溶胶颗粒较小，而跟随性较强的情况，效果非常差。如何在低能耗条件下，高效分离气溶胶是亟待解决的重大问题。本发明充分结合流动控制和冷凝处理的双重效应，在极低的能耗条件下，大幅度提高气溶胶和极细小液滴的分离效率，是传统除湿所无法达到的。
物品保存：物品在相对恒定的湿度和温度条件下的保存，传统方法是采用能耗较高的除湿方法，如通过制冷循环除湿，造价高而效率低，如何快速高效和低耗地构建储藏的空气环境，显然具有重要的应用价值。本发明提供的，具有封闭空间温湿度自适应处理装置，能够高效为相应空间提供良好品质的空气，利于物品的长期保存。
便携人工环境：本发明的另外一个重要的用途在于，通过与太阳能等新型能源及蓄能技术对接，在自身重量轻和体积小的前提下，通过单元式封闭空间的方式，并应用空间仓的多层技术，随时随地为用户提供相应品质的封闭空间，可用于野营、野战医院以及考古等特殊领域，封闭空间空气的高效处理。
循环经济性高湿度环境综合工艺：对于高湿度环境，本发明的另外一种应用是，在进行单元除湿干燥的过程中，将除湿得到的大量的冷凝水，进行过滤和消毒，在低能耗的条件下，提供具有较高品质的饮用水，该方法可应用于长期工作在海上的各种行业领域，以及具有湿度高且供水困难的地域。一方面为客户提供舒适的空气环境，同时提供一定量的饮用水，从而形成具有循环经济特性的综合工艺系统。

Claims (13)

  1. 边界层控制配合主流扰动强化换热一体式除湿干燥方法，其特征在于：通过在流动边界层设定边界层流动控制装置形成沿流动通道轴向的周期性涡流，形成对冷热边壁的清扫作用，一方面破坏阻碍换热的边界层，另一方面通过形成的涡流，将冷热壁面所产生的冷热量快速传递向流动的主流部分。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的边界层控制配合主流扰动强化换热一体式除湿干燥方法，其特征在于：在流动的主流道设置主流扰动装置，在主流扰动装置后方形成沿主流道展向的涡流，与从边界层甩出的流动相配合，快速将从边界层带出的冷热量传递至全场，形成均匀的温度场，从而提高流动通道内的冷热交换效率。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的边界层控制配合主流扰动强化换热一体式除湿干燥方法，其特征在于：所述的边界层流动控制装置为在边界层上沿流动通道轴向设置的扰动圆柱体。
  4. 根据权利要求2所述的边界层控制配合主流扰动强化换热一体式除湿干燥方法，其特征在于：所述主流扰动装置是在主流道上沿流动通道轴向设置的三角翼或椭圆翼或圆形翼。
  5. 边界层控制配合主流扰动强化换热一体式除湿干燥系统，包括绝热机箱（1），半导体热电对（2）设置在绝热机箱（1）内，其特征在于：所述的半导体热电对（2）包括位于下方的冷端面（3）与位于上方的热端面（4），制冷端肋片组（5）连接在冷端面（3）下方，制冷端肋片组（5）右方连接进气口（6），制冷端肋片组（5）下方设置集水槽（7），集水槽（7）下方开有排水口（8），制热端肋片组（9）连接在热端面（4）上方，制热端肋片组（9）右端与排气口（10）连接，所述的制冷端肋片组（5）由至少两个制冷端肋片（11）前后纵向排列组成，所述的制热端肋片组（9）由至少两个制热端肋片（14）前后纵向排列组成，所述的制冷端肋片（11）贴近壁面的位置纵向设置至少一个边界层流动控制装置（12）。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的边界层控制配合主流扰动强化换热一体式除湿干燥系统，其特征在于：所述的制冷端肋片（11）中间纵向设置至少一个主流扰动装置（15）。
  7. 根据权利要求5所述的边界层控制配合主流扰动强化换热一体式除湿干燥系统，其特征在于：所述的边界层流动控制装置（12）为沿流动通道轴向分布的扰流圆柱体。
  8. 根据权利要求6所述的边界层控制配合主流扰动强化换热一体式除湿干燥系统，其特征在于：所述的主流扰动装置（15）为沿流动通道轴向分布的三角翼或椭圆翼或圆形翼。
  9. 根据权利要求5所述的边界层控制配合主流扰动强化换热一体式除湿干燥系统，其特征在于：所述的制冷端肋片（11）的纵截面为梯形。
  10. 根据权利要求5所述的边界层控制配合主流扰动强化换热一体式除湿干燥系统，其特征在于：所述的制冷端肋片（11）的横截面为W形。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的边界层控制配合主流扰动强化换热一体式除湿干燥系统，其特征在于：所述的制冷端肋片（11）表面设置筛网（13）。
  12. 根据权利要求5所述的边界层控制配合主流扰动强化换热一体式除湿干燥系统，其特征在于：所述的制热端肋片（14）贴近壁面的位置纵向设置至少一个边界层流动控制装置（12）。
  13. 根据权利要求5所述的边界层控制配合主流扰动强化换热一体式除湿干燥系统，其特征在于：所述的制热端肋片（14）中间纵向设置至少一个主流扰动装置（15）。
PCT/CN2012/070727 2011-07-14 2012-01-28 边界层控制配合主流扰动强化换热一体式除湿干燥方法与系统 WO2013007111A1 (zh)

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