WO2013004153A1

WO2013004153A1 - Heat exchanger

Info

Publication number: WO2013004153A1
Application number: PCT/CN2012/077959
Authority: WO
Inventors: 周人; 黄锐
Original assignee: 上海科洋科技发展有限公司
Priority date: 2011-07-01
Filing date: 2012-06-29
Publication date: 2013-01-10
Also published as: CN102384696A; CN102384696B

Abstract

A heat exchanger comprising a housing (1), an exhaust outlet (11) arranged at the top part of the housing (1), an air inlet (12) and a liquid outlet (13) arranged at the bottom part of the housing (1), and several glass pipe units (21, 22, 61, and 62) arranged within the housing (1) along the direction of a minor axis of the housing (1) and used for circulating a cooling medium, where the heads and tails of the glass pipe units (21, 22, 61, and 62) are extended outside of the housing (1), and where the adjacent glass pipe units (21, 22, 61, and 62) are sequentially connected head-to-tail, thereby forming a cooling medium flow path of unidirectional flow. The heat exchanger is resistant to high temperatures and strong corrosives, thereby preventing deformation and corrosion of apparatus in high temperature and highly corrosive environments, thus ensuring extended period of use for the heat exchanger.

Description

Heat exchanger

The present invention relates to a heat exchanger, and more particularly to a heat exchanger for chilling a high temperature, highly corrosive medium. Background technique

Industrial heat exchangers that can handle high temperature, highly corrosive media have a limited variety of structures, are complicated in structure, are inconvenient to operate, and have many equipment defects due to corrosion during operation. Typically, the heat exchanger includes a housing having a heat exchange tube through the cooling medium therein. The longitudinal direction of the casing is parallel to the side wall thereof, and the two ends of the side wall are respectively the top and the bottom of the casing, and the extending direction of the heat exchange tube located inside the heat exchanger and the long axis (side wall) are mutually parallel. According to the way the heat exchanger is placed, it can be divided into a horizontal heat exchanger and a vertical heat exchanger, wherein the long axis of the horizontal heat exchanger is parallel to the placement surface (ground), and the long axis of the vertical heat exchanger is It is perpendicular to the placement surface.

In order to solve the above problems, the exchanger usually adopts the following two methods: One is to use a high-grade corrosion-resistant material, for example, a heat exchange tube using a precious metal corrosion-resistant material to make a heat exchanger. The other is to use a corrosion-resistant material on the surface of the heat exchange tube that is in contact with the highly corrosive medium, such as a layer of industrial enamel as a corrosion-resistant layer. However, both methods have large defects. The use of precious metal alloys is costly and expensive, and the method of corrosion-resistant materials in the inner village is difficult to construct, easy to break, and not resistant to high temperature corrosion.

In addition, a heat exchanger for making a heat exchange tube of polytetrafluoroethylene is also very popular. Although it can be used for heat exchange of a highly corrosive medium, the heat transfer resistance of the polytetrafluoroethylene heat exchange tube is large, and the heat transfer efficiency is poor. Narrow, especially not suitable for heat exchangers with high heat load. At the same time, since many heat exchange processes of strong corrosive medium must be carried out under high temperature conditions, the Teflon heat exchange tubes are prone to heat aging, and the weak deformation, with the increasing deformation, will seriously affect the cooling medium inside. The fluency of the flow, and the safety of the use of heat exchanger equipment. Summary of the invention

The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the defects that the heat exchanger in the prior art cannot meet the condensation treatment of the highly corrosive medium under the high temperature condition, has a short service life and is complicated in assembly process, and provides a high temperature. A heat exchanger that condenses highly corrosive media under conditions, with a higher service life and better condensation (higher condensation product concentration).

The present invention solves the above technical problems by the following technical solutions:

A heat exchanger comprising a casing, a top of the casing is provided with a discharge port of exhaust gas, and a bottom of the casing is provided with a liquid outlet, characterized in that the casing is located inside the casing a plurality of glass tubes for circulating a cooling medium, wherein the glass tubes are spanned between the two side walls of the housing, and the end of the glass tube located upstream of the cooling medium is a head end. One end downstream of the cooling medium is a trailing end, and the adjacent glass tubes are connected end to end between the upstream and downstream of the cooling medium to form at least one single-flowing cooling medium flow path. The single-flow cooling medium channel formed by the glass tube can withstand high temperature and strong corrosion, avoid deformation and corrosion in high temperature and strong corrosive environment, thus ensuring the smoothness of the cooling medium and heat exchange during long-term use. Security in use. In addition, the horizontal arrangement of the glass tube between the sidewalls of the heat exchanger along the long axis direction of the heat exchanger can effectively shorten the length of the glass tube, increase the rigidity of the glass tube, and overcome the problem of excessive brittleness, poor thermal shock resistance and easy breakage of the glass tube. . The glass tube may be borosilicate glass, quartz glass or the like or other known high temperature corrosion resistant glass in the chemical field, and is not limited herein.

It should be noted that when the casing is a cylinder, the axis extending direction of the cylinder is the long axis direction of the casing, and the surface formed by the cylinder rotating around the axis is the side. wall.

In addition, the leading end and the trailing end of the glass tube may both be located inside the casing, at which time the first and last ends of the glass tube are connected by an adapted glass pipe. Here, the shape of the formed cooling medium flow path is not limited, and it may be a "bow" type, a "Z" shape or the like.

Wherein, the cooling medium flow channel is provided with a cooling medium inlet and a cooling medium outlet, the cooling medium inlet is close to the top, and the cooling medium outlet is close to the bottom. Especially when the cooling medium is air, in order to match the characteristics of the cold air drop, the flow direction design of the upper and lower exits can be further raised. The fluidity of the high cooling medium increases the flow rate of the medium, which in turn increases the efficiency of condensation.

In order to set the length of the glass tube to a minimum, the extending direction of the glass tube is perpendicular to the long axis direction (ie, parallel to the short axis of the heat exchanger), and the first and the tail of the glass tube are extended to correspond to The outside of the side wall. At this point, the glass tube can be connected outside the housing for easier assembly.

Especially when the heat exchanger is a vertical heat exchanger, the transversely placed glass tube is more evenly loaded, is easy to install, and is not easily broken.

Preferably, the glass tube is equidistantly distributed and divided into a plurality of glass tube units along the long axis direction; the first end of the glass tube in each of the glass tube units is located on the same side, a side of the glass tube on which the head end is located forms a head portion of the glass tube unit, and a side at which the tail end of the glass tube is located forms a tail portion of the glass tube unit adjacent to the upstream and downstream of the cooling medium The first and last misalignment of the glass tube unit are set and communicated through a tube end. The structure can effectively increase the flow area of the cooling medium, increase the input amount of the cooling medium per unit time, and increase the cooling rate. In addition, unitizing the glass tube and connecting adjacent units through the tube box can effectively save assembly time and increase the production efficiency of the heat exchanger. Furthermore, the glass tubes that are uniformly distributed can make the heat exchange of the entire heat exchanger more uniform.

Of course, the arrangement of the glass tubes in the glass tube unit may be in the form of a matrix or in a divergent form; in addition, the number of the glass tubes in the two sets of glass tube units connected end to end may be equal or unequal, and is not limited herein.

The tube box and the corresponding side wall can be connected by fasteners such as bolts which are easy to disassemble. Easy to clean pipes and glass tubes.

Wherein the adjacent glass tubes are connected by a "U" type pipe. The "U" type pipe can better guide the cooling medium in the glass tube and avoid turbulence at the intersection of the two glass tubes. The "U" type pipe can be made of rubber, metal or glass. In addition to this, those skilled in the art can also use the other pipe connectors in the prior art to connect the glass tubes head-to-tail.

Wherein, the cooling medium inlet and the cooling medium outlet are respectively disposed on two of the pipe boxes. The two ends of the glass tube are respectively disposed in a fastener, and the fastener is disposed on the sidewall. Wherein, the fastener is in a clearance fit with the sidewall; and the fastener is further provided with a 0-type sealing jaw between the corresponding inner surface and/or the outer surface of the sidewall. The fastener is in a clearance fit with the side wall, that is, the outer diameter of the fastener is slightly larger than the diameter of the corresponding mounting portion on the side wall. On the one hand, it is advantageous for the assembly of the glass tube, and more importantly, it can offset the shearing force generated on the fastener and the glass tube due to thermal expansion of the inner casing on the casing and the casing, and avoid cracking of the glass tube.

Wherein, a filtering mechanism for trapping and separating liquid particles is further disposed upstream of the discharge port. It is inevitable that there is a liquid particle in the exhaust gas after the condensation treatment, and the liquid particles are prevented from being discharged into the atmosphere by filtration through a filtering mechanism.

Preferably, the filtering mechanism is a fiber filter plate.

Wherein, an anti-corrosion protection layer is further disposed on the inner wall of the casing. The structure can protect the casing from corrosion and improve the service life of the casing.

Preferably, the corrosion protection layer is a polytetrafluoroethylene sheet.

Wherein, the portion of the casing close to the liquid outlet is gradually reduced along the draining direction. It is beneficial to centrally recover the viscous condensation products and avoid the walling phenomenon of condensation products in the casing.

In the present invention, the above preferred conditions can be arbitrarily combined on the basis of common knowledge in the art, that is, the preferred embodiments of the present invention.

The positive progress of the present invention is as follows: The heat exchanger of the present invention replaces the precious metal or polytetrafluoroethylene heat exchange tubes of the prior art by using a glass tube, and forms a single-flow cooling medium flow path, thereby improving the heat exchanger. Service life in high temperature, strong corrosive environment. By arranging a glass tube between the side walls, the length can be effectively shortened and the strength can be increased.

Further, the flow of the cooling medium from the top to the bottom of the single-pass flow can prevent the turbulent flow of the cooling medium in the flow path, thereby improving the heat exchange efficiency of the heat exchanger.

Further, when the condensed liquid highly corrosive medium returns to the bottom of the casing, it encounters a high-temperature gaseous corrosive medium input from the bottom of the casing and a heat-exchanged cooling medium located at the bottom of the casing, which are subjected to them. Under the influence of high temperature, the water in the liquid highly corrosive medium can be further evaporated, thereby increasing the concentration of the condensed product.

In addition, since the heat exchange efficiency is improved and the cooling is sufficient, the temperature at which the cooling medium is discharged is relatively high. With technical improvement, this thermal energy can be reused by connecting with the existing heat recovery device, which is more environmentally friendly and energy-saving. DRAWINGS

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Figure 1 is a schematic view showing the structure of a heat exchanger in a preferred embodiment 1 of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a structural schematic view showing the connection of the glass tube to the side wall of the casing in the preferred embodiment 1 of the present invention. Figure 3 is a schematic view showing the structure of a cooling medium flow passage in the heat exchanger of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a schematic view showing another structure of a cooling medium flow passage in the heat exchanger of the present invention.

Figure 5 is a schematic view showing the structure of the right side of the heat exchanger in the preferred embodiment 2 of the present invention.

Figure 6 is a schematic view showing the structure of a cooling medium flow path in a preferred embodiment 3 of the present invention.

Figure 7 is a top plan view of the first layer of glass tube of Figure 6.

Figure 8 is a schematic view showing the structure of a heat exchanger in a preferred embodiment 4 of the present invention.

Figure 9 is a schematic view showing the structure of the right side of the heat exchanger of Figure 8.

Figure 10 is a schematic view showing another structure of the glass tube unit in the fourth embodiment.

Figure 11 is a right side view of the heat exchanger in the preferred embodiment 1 of the present invention. detailed description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. For convenience of description, the following embodiments are all described using a vertical heat exchanger, and hereinafter referred to as "left" and "right" are identical to the left and right directions of Fig. 1 itself; however, this is not a limitation of the present invention. The round cymbals and forks in the drawing represent two glass tubes that flow in opposite directions, respectively.

Example 1

As shown in FIG. 1, the heat exchanger in this embodiment is the same as the prior art, and includes a vertically placed rectangular casing 1 having a discharge port 11 for discharging exhaust gas at the top of the casing 1 in the casing. The bottom of 1 has an inlet 12 for inputting acid vapor. There is also a drain port 13 below the air inlet 12 for discharging the concentrated acid after condensation. Wherein, the bottom of the casing 1 has a semicircular structure, and the liquid discharge port 13 is located at the bottom of the circular structure. Of course, the bottom of the casing 1 may be other structures that are gradually reduced in the direction of liquid discharge, such as an inverted triangle or an inverted trapezoid. In addition, the top of the housing 1 is located A fiber filter plate 3 as a filtering mechanism is provided upstream of the discharge port 11 for filtering liquid small particles in the exhaust gas generated after condensation.

Different from the prior art, twelve glass tubes are vertically arranged along the long axis direction (ie, the vertical direction in FIG. 1) between the left and right side walls of the housing 1 (as shown in FIG. 11). Both ends of all the glass tubes extend to the outside of the casing 1. Two glass tubes adjacent between the upstream and downstream of the flow direction of the cold air as the cooling medium, that is, the upper and lower adjacent glass tubes in FIG. 1 are connected in series (end) end (end), thereby A top-down, single-guide flow of the cooling medium flow path is formed. In this embodiment, the adjacent two glass tubes are connected by a "U" type rubber hose 23.

The cooling medium flow path includes a cooling medium inlet located at an upper portion of the casing 1 and a cooling medium outlet at a lower portion of the casing 1, and cold air enters from the cooling medium inlet, and is discharged along the cooling medium flow path to the cooling medium outlet. In this embodiment, the cooling medium inlet is the first end of the glass tube 21, and the cooling medium outlet is the tail end of the glass tube 22.

In addition, as shown in FIG. 2, a polytetrafluoroethylene sheet 14 as a corrosion protection layer is further disposed on the inner surface of the side wall of the casing 1 for preventing the shell 1 from directly contacting the strongly corrosive medium, thereby affecting its use. life.

The connection relationship between the glass tube and the casing 1 will be further described below by taking the glass tube 21 as an example in conjunction with FIG. The end of the glass tube 21 is passed through a bolt 41, and the bolt 41 is passed through the side wall of the casing 1 and then fixed to the casing 1 with a nut 43. Wherein, the bolt 41 is in a clearance fit with the sidewall of the casing 1 and the Teflon sheet 14 on the inner surface of the sidewall, thereby leaving a space for the thermal expansion of the Teflon sheet 14 to prevent the bolt 41 from being thermally expanded. Extrusion with the glass tube 21 causes the glass tube 21 to rupture. A sealing jaw 42 is also provided between the bolt 41 and the Teflon sheet 14 to effectively seal the portion where the glass tube 21 is mounted to prevent sulfuric acid vapor from leaking from the fitting portion.

It should be noted that the number of glass tubes provided in the housing can be increased or decreased according to actual conditions, for example, the number of glass tubes for small heat exchangers used in the laboratory is small, and the heat exchangers for mass production in large industries are used. The number of glass tubes will be larger.

Of course, both ends of all the glass tubes may also be located inside the casing 1, and adjacent glass tubes are connected by a vertical glass tube 23 to form a "bow"-shaped structure as shown in FIG. Can also phase The first and last ends of the adjacent glass tubes are directly connected to form a "Z" shape as shown in FIG. In both configurations, the leading end of the uppermost glass tube and the trailing end of the lowermost glass tube are each in communication with an external conduit to form a cooling medium inlet and a cooling medium outlet for the cooling medium flow path.

Example 2

As shown in Fig. 5, this embodiment differs from the first embodiment in that the heat exchanger is provided with four cooling medium passages side by side from the front to the rear. Each of the dashed lines is a cooling medium channel, and the configuration is the same as that in Embodiment 1, and details are not described herein again.

The cooling medium inlets of the four cooling medium passages may be the same or independent of each other, which does not affect the characteristics of the single guide flow of each cooling medium passage.

Example 3

The cooling medium flow path is not limited to being disposed in a vertical plane. It can be extended in multiple horizontal planes while ensuring a single flow of the cooling medium flow path and generally transporting the cooling medium from top to bottom.

As shown in Fig. 6, in the case of the first glass tube, three glass tubes are arranged side by side at the rear of the glass tube 21, and the adjacent glass tubes are connected end to end to form the structure shown in Fig. 7, and the last layer of the layer The tail end of the root glass tube 21 is connected to the first end of one of the glass tubes in the second layer, and the connection manner of the second glass tube can be referred to the first layer, and so on, until the glass tube 21 and the glass tube 22 are All the glass tubes in the middle are connected. The structure can be applied to a heat exchanger having a large cross-section of the casing while ensuring the visibility of the cooling medium.

Example 4

As shown in FIG. 8 and FIG. 9, the difference between the embodiment and the embodiment 1 is that the glass tubes in the embodiment are uniformly distributed and divided into twelve glass tube units along the long axis direction, each group. The glass tube unit contains a plurality of glass tubes distributed along a horizontal plane. The head ends of the glass tubes in the same glass tube unit are located on the same side of the housing 1 to form the head of the glass tube unit, and the tail ends of the glass tubes form the tail of the glass tube unit for the same reason. And, two sets of glass tube units adjacent between the upstream and the downstream of the cold air, that is, the first and the tail portions of the two sets of glass tube units adjacent in the vertical direction are dislocated, and are disposed on the outer wall of the housing 1 The pipe box is connected. Cooling medium on the top one of the boxes The inlet 51 is provided with a cooling medium outlet 52 on the lowermost one of the headers, so that the cold air enters from left to right and flows from top to bottom.

Specifically, a plurality of pipe boxes are disposed offsetly above and below the left and right sides of the casing 1. The top portion of the first group of glass tube units 61 is located in the first tube box 53 above the left side, and the tail portion is located in the second tube box 54 above the right side; from the top to the bottom of the second group of glass tube units 62 The first portion is located in the second tube box 54, and the tail portion is located in the third tube box 55 below the first tube box 53; the top portion of the third group of glass tube units 63 is located in the third tube box 55, and the tail end is located at the In the fourth tube box 56 below the second tube box 54, and so on, thereby forming a multi-channel, single-flow flow of the cooling medium flow path.

All the boxes are connected to the housing by bolts. In addition, the tube box on the same side may be integrally formed, including a body extending from above the first group of glass tube units 61 to the last group of glass tube units, and then formed by the body and side walls by a plurality of air deflectors. The chamber is divided into mutually independent air guiding cavities. Adjacent glass tube units are connected through the air guiding chamber. The specific connection method is as described above.

Further, as shown in Fig. 10, the glass tube unit 61, the arrangement of the glass tubes in the middle may also be in the form of a matrix of three-dimensional space distribution. Therefore, it is possible to increase the air flow area and increase the flow rate and cooling efficiency on the basis of space saving.

In this embodiment, the length, width and height of the casing 1 are 2 meters, 1.5 meters and 8 meters, respectively. The total number of glass tubes in the twelve glass tube units was 3,250, and each length was 1.6 meters. Here, the structure is passed through 280 ° C, 0.02 MpaG, containing 1.5% H ₂ S0 ₄ , 3.08% SO ₃ , 5.43% H ₂ 0 (the rest is an inert component) of sulfuric acid vapor, the above 100% mole One hundred percent. After the heat exchange, the sulfuric acid vapor was cooled to 110 ° C, and 98% concentrated sulfuric acid was collected at the bottom of the exchanger. The sulfuric acid vapor sent from the top contained a very small amount of sulfuric acid, and the temperature of the discharged air after heat exchange was 240 ° C.

While the invention has been described with respect to the embodiments of the present invention, it is understood that the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims. A person skilled in the art can make various changes or modifications to these embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, and such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the invention.

Claims

Claim

What is claimed is: 1. A heat exchanger comprising a casing, a top of the casing is provided with a discharge port for exhaust gas, and a bottom of the casing is provided with a liquid outlet, wherein the casing is inside the casing In the longitudinal direction of the casing, a plurality of glass tubes for circulating a cooling medium are disposed between the two side walls, and one end of the glass tube located upstream of the cooling medium is a head end, and one end downstream of the cooling medium is a tail end The glass tubes adjacent between the upstream and downstream of the cooling medium are in communication with each other to form at least one single-flow cooling medium flow path.

2. The heat exchanger according to claim 1, wherein the cooling medium flow path is provided with a cooling medium inlet and a cooling medium outlet, the cooling medium inlet is adjacent to the top, and the cooling medium outlet is adjacent to The bottom.

The heat exchanger according to claim 2, wherein the glass tube extends in a direction perpendicular to the long axis direction, and the first and the tail of the glass tube extend to the corresponding side walls. external.

4. The heat exchanger according to claim 3, wherein the glass tube is uniformly distributed and divided into a plurality of glass tube units along the long axis direction; the glass in each of the glass tube units a head end of the tube is located on the same side and forms a head portion of the glass tube unit, and a side of the glass tube having a tail end forms a tail portion of the glass tube unit adjacent to the upstream and downstream of the cooling medium The first and last misalignment of the glass tube unit are set and communicated through a tube end.

5. The heat exchanger according to claim 3, wherein adjacent glass tubes are connected by a "U" type pipe.

The heat exchanger according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein two ends of the glass tube are respectively disposed in a fastener, and the fastener is disposed in the fastener On the side wall.

7. The heat exchanger according to claim 6, wherein the fastener is in clearance fit with the side wall; the fastener and the corresponding inner surface and/or outer side of the side wall There is also a 0-type sealing jaw between the surfaces.

The heat exchanger according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein A filter mechanism for trapping separated liquid particles is also provided upstream of the mouth.

9. The heat exchanger according to claim 8, wherein the filter mechanism is a fiber filter plate.

The heat exchanger according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that an anticorrosive protective layer is further provided on the inner wall of the casing.

The heat exchanger according to claim 10, wherein the corrosion protection layer is a polytetrafluoroethylene sheet.

The heat exchanger according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein a portion of the casing close to the liquid outlet is gradually reduced in a liquid discharge direction.