WO2012176708A1 - Heat storage member and heat storage container - Google Patents

Abstract

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a heat storage member and heat storage container having a high heat-storage effect while suppressing deformation and mechanical damage of the container due to changes in the volume of a phase-change material. The heat storage member (1) has a first latent heat storage material (10) that shrinks in volume due to phase change when the temperature drops, a second latent heat storage material (20) that expands in volume due to phase change when the temperature drops, and a container (30) that houses both the first latent heat storage material (10) and the second latent heat storage material (20).

Description

Thermal storage member and thermal storage container

The present invention relates to a heat storage member and a heat storage container using a phase change material.

Conventionally, a heat storage device using a latent heat storage material is known. For example, Patent Document 1 discloses a heat storage unit including a sealed container in which a latent heat storage material and a filling gas are sealed. The hermetic container includes a heat storage material storage unit and a gas storage unit. The side wall of the gas storage part is formed in a telescopic bellows shape. The volume of the sealed container changes with the expansion and contraction of the side wall. Thereby, the airtight container can absorb the volume change accompanying the phase change of a latent heat storage material.

JP 2004-278857 A

However, in the above-described heat storage unit, it is necessary to provide a gas storage part in which the filling gas is stored and a bellows-like side wall in addition to the heat storage material storage part in which the latent heat storage material is stored. For this reason, since the volume which a latent heat storage material occupies with respect to the volume of the whole airtight container becomes small, there existed a problem that the thermal storage effect per unit volume of a thermal storage unit will become low.

An object of the present invention is to provide a heat storage member and a heat storage container having a high heat storage effect while suppressing deformation and mechanical breakage of the container due to volume change of the phase change material.

The object is to provide a first phase change material whose volume shrinks due to a phase change when the temperature drops, a second phase change material whose volume expands due to a phase change when the temperature drops, the first phase change material, and This is achieved by a heat storage member comprising a container body that contains both of the second phase change materials.

In the heat storage member of the present invention, the phase change is a phase change from a liquid phase to a solid phase.

In the heat storage member of the present invention, the difference between the volume shrinkage before and after the phase change of the first phase change material and the volume expansion before and after the phase change of the second phase change material is the first phase. It is within ± 5% of the sum of the volume of the change material before the phase change and the volume of the second phase change material before the phase change.

In the heat storage member of the present invention, the difference between the phase change temperature of the first phase change material and the phase change temperature of the second phase change material is within 7 ° C.

In the heat storage member of the present invention, the first phase change material includes paraffin.

In the heat storage member of the present invention, the second phase change material contains water or an aqueous salt solution.

In the heat storage member of the present invention, at least one of the first phase change material and the second phase change material contains a gelling agent.

The heat storage member of the present invention is characterized by further comprising a partition plate provided at a boundary between the first phase change material and the second phase change material in the container.

Also, the above object is achieved by a heat storage container using the heat storage member of the present invention.

According to the present invention, it is possible to realize a heat storage member and a heat storage container having a high heat storage effect while suppressing deformation and mechanical breakage of the container due to a volume change of the phase change material.

It is a figure which shows the general | schematic cross-section structure of the thermal storage member 1 by the 1st Embodiment of this invention. In the 1st Embodiment of this invention, it is a figure which illustrates the material used as the latent heat storage material. 3 is a graph showing an example of the relationship between the number of carbon chains of n-paraffin, the freezing point, and the latent heat of fusion. In the 1st Embodiment of this invention, it is a figure which illustrates the material used as the latent heat storage material. It is a part of phase diagram of sodium chloride aqueous solution. It is a figure which shows the general | schematic cross-section structure of the thermal storage member 2 by the 2nd Embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows the general | schematic cross-section structure of the thermal storage member 3 by the 3rd Embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows the general | schematic cross-section structure of the thermal storage member 4 by the 4th Embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows the general | schematic cross-section structure of the thermal storage member 5 by the 5th Embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows schematic structure of the thermal storage container 6 by the 6th Embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows schematic cross-sectional structure of the thermal storage container 6 by the 6th Embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows the rough cross-sectional structure of the door member 110 of the thermal storage container 6 by the 6th Embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows the modification of the thermal storage container by the 6th Embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows schematic structure of the thermal storage container 7 by the 7th Embodiment of this invention.

[First Embodiment]
A heat storage member according to a first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. In all of the following drawings, the dimensions and ratios of the constituent elements are appropriately varied for easy understanding. 1A and 1B show a schematic cross-sectional configuration of a heat storage member 1 according to the present embodiment. Here, FIG. 1A and FIGS. 6A to 9A described later show a state in which the two kinds of latent heat storage materials 10 and 20 are both in the liquid phase (L), and FIG. (B) of FIGS. 6 to 9 to be described later shows a state in which the two kinds of latent heat storage materials 10 and 20 are both solid phases (S). As shown in FIGS. 1A and 1B, the heat storage member 1 of the present embodiment includes both a first latent heat storage material 10, a second latent heat storage material 20, and latent heat storage materials 10 and 20. And a container body 30 for housing the container. The heat storage member 1 of this example has a plate shape (for example, a rectangular flat plate shape) as a whole. The latent heat storage materials 10 and 20 are stacked in the thickness direction of the heat storage member 1. The heat storage member 1 of this example is provided, for example, on the inner wall surface in the refrigerator.

The heat storage member 1 is usually used in a predetermined operating temperature range and operating pressure range. For example, when the refrigerator is operating, the heat storage member 1 stores the cold by being cooled in the refrigerator, and when the operation of the refrigerator is stopped during a power failure or the like, the heat storage member 1 releases the cold and keeps the refrigerator in the refrigerator for a predetermined time. In this case, the operating temperature range of the heat storage member 1 includes the temperature range from the set temperature (internal temperature) of the refrigerator during operation to the ambient temperature (for example, room temperature) of the refrigerator installation location. Moreover, the operating pressure of the heat storage member 1 is, for example, atmospheric pressure.

Each of the latent heat storage materials 10 and 20 in the heat storage member 1 has a phase change temperature at which the phase change between the solid phase and the liquid phase (first type phase transition) occurs reversibly within the operating temperature range of the heat storage member 1. is doing. The latent heat storage materials 10 and 20 are in a liquid phase (L) as shown in FIG. 1A at a temperature higher than the phase change temperature (for example, room temperature), and lower than the phase change temperature (for example, during operation). At the refrigerator temperature, the solid phase (S) is obtained as shown in FIG. The phase change temperature of the latent heat storage materials 10, 20 can be measured using a differential scanning calorimeter (DSC), a thermocouple, or the like. When the phase change from the liquid phase to the solid phase occurs, the volume of the latent heat storage material 10 contracts and the volume of the latent heat storage material 20 expands.

FIG. 2 illustrates a material used as the latent heat storage material 10 that shrinks in volume when the phase changes from a liquid phase to a solid phase in the present embodiment. As shown in FIG. 2, the latent heat storage material 10 of the present embodiment contains paraffin. Paraffin is a generic name for saturated chain hydrocarbons represented by the general formula C _n H _{2n + 2} . For example, material A is n-paraffin (carbon chain number n = 14) and the phase change temperature is about 6 ° C. Material B is n-paraffin (carbon chain number n = 15), and the phase change temperature is about 10 ° C. Material C is n-paraffin (carbon chain number n = 12), and the phase change temperature is about −9 ° C. Material D is n-paraffin (carbon chain number n = 13), and the phase change temperature is about −5 ° C. Material E is n-paraffin (carbon chain number n = 11) and the phase change temperature is about −25 ° C. In addition, n-paraffin can be used not only alone but also as a mixture of two or more.

FIG. 3 is a graph showing an example of the relationship between the number of carbon chains of n-paraffin, the freezing point (melting point), and the latent heat of fusion. The horizontal axis of the graph represents the number of carbon chains of n-paraffin (5 to 30), and the vertical axis represents the freezing point (° C.) or the latent heat of fusion (kJ / kg). As shown in FIG. 3, the freezing point of n-paraffin increases as the number of carbon chains increases. Further, the latent heat of fusion of n-paraffin is smaller when the number of carbon chains is odd than when it is even, but increases as the number of carbon chains increases as a whole.

FIG. 4 illustrates a material used as the latent heat storage material 20 that undergoes volume expansion when the phase changes from a liquid phase to a solid phase in the present embodiment. As shown in FIG. 4, material 1 is water and the phase change temperature is about 0 ° C. Material 2 is an aqueous sodium carbonate solution with a phase change temperature of about -3 ° C. Material 3 is an aqueous potassium bicarbonate solution, and the phase change temperature is about −6 ° C. Material 4 is an aqueous potassium chloride solution with a phase change temperature of about -11 ° C. Material 5 is an aqueous ammonium chloride solution with a phase change temperature of about −16 ° C. Material 6 is an aqueous sodium chloride solution with a phase change temperature of about -21 ° C.

Here, in materials 2 to 6, the phase change temperature shown in FIG. 4 is a value in a saturated solution. Materials 2-6 can control the phase change temperature by adjusting the concentration of the solute. This will be described by taking the sodium chloride aqueous solution of material 6 as an example. FIG. 5 is a part of a phase diagram of an aqueous sodium chloride solution. The horizontal axis represents salt (sodium chloride) concentration (wt% NaCl), and the vertical axis represents temperature (° C.). As shown by the thick solid line in the figure, the phase change temperature of the aqueous sodium chloride solution is 0 ° C. when the salt concentration is 0 wt%, and is about −21.3 ° C. when the salt concentration is about 23.3 wt%. Become. In the concentration range of 0 wt% to 23.3 wt%, the higher the salt concentration, the lower the phase change temperature. Therefore, the phase change temperature of the aqueous sodium chloride solution can be controlled between 0 ° C. and about −21.3 ° C. by adjusting the salt concentration between 0 wt% and about 23.3 wt%.

The latent heat storage materials 10 and 20 in this example contain a gelling agent. A gel refers to a gel that has a three-dimensional network structure formed by cross-linking molecules, and has absorbed and swelled a solvent therein. A gel is chemically stable without melting unless it breaks the structure. A gelling agent produces the effect of gelatinization only by making the latent heat storage materials 10 and 20 contain several weight%. The gel-like latent heat storage materials 10 and 20 are easy to handle because they can maintain a solid state as a whole before and after the phase change.

As the combination of the latent heat storage materials 10 and 20, it is preferable to use a material having a closer phase change temperature (for example, a temperature difference between the phase change temperatures within about 7 ° C.). Preferred latent heat storage materials 10 and 20 include a material A and a material 1 having a phase difference temperature difference of 6 ° C., a material D and a material 1 having a temperature difference of 5 ° C., and a temperature difference of 1 ° C. There are a material D and a material 3, a material C and a material 4 having the same temperature difference of 2 ° C., a material E and a material 6 having the same temperature difference of 4 ° C. As the latent heat storage materials 10 and 20, it is more preferable to use materials having the same phase change temperature.

In this example, the material A (n-tetradecane) is used as the latent heat storage material 10, and the material 1 (water) is used as the latent heat storage material 20. Both the melting point of n-tetradecane (about 6 ° C.) and the melting point of water (about 0 ° C.) are included in the operating temperature range of the heat storage member 1.

When n-tetradecane undergoes a phase change from a liquid phase to a solid phase, the volume change rate before and after the phase change is about 0.8 (volume contraction rate is about 20%). Further, when water undergoes a phase change from a liquid phase to a solid phase, the volume change rate before and after the phase change is about 1.1 (volume expansion rate is about 10%). Therefore, if the volume ratio of the latent heat storage material 10 (L) and the latent heat storage material 20 (L) in the liquid phase state is adjusted to about 1: 2, the volume shrinkage before and after the phase change of the latent heat storage material 10 The volume expansion amount before and after the phase change of the latent heat storage material 20 can be made equal. That is, the total volume of the latent heat storage material 10 (L) and the latent heat storage material 20 (L), both in the liquid phase state, and the latent heat storage material 10 (S) and the latent heat storage material 20 (in the solid phase state, both. The sum of the volumes of S) can be made equal.

The difference between the volumetric shrinkage before and after the phase change of the latent heat storage material 10 and the volume expansion amount before and after the phase change of the latent heat storage material 20 is the volume before the phase change (liquid phase state) of the latent heat storage material 10 and the latent heat storage. It is preferably within ± 5% of the sum of the volume of the material 20 before the phase change (liquid phase state).

For example, the volume of the latent heat storage material 10 before the phase change is A, the volume shrinkage before and after the phase change of the latent heat storage material 10 is x (x> 0), and the volume of the latent heat storage material 20 before the phase change is B. The volume expansion coefficient before and after the phase change of the latent heat storage material 20 is y (y> 0). In this case, the volume shrinkage before and after the phase change of the latent heat storage material 10 is A · x, and the volume expansion amount before and after the phase change of the latent heat storage material 20 is B · y. Therefore, the difference (A · x−B · y) between the volume shrinkage A · x of the latent heat storage material 10 and the volume expansion amount B · y of the latent heat storage material 20 is
(A + B) × (−0.05) ≦ A · x−B · y ≦ (A + B) × 0.05
It is preferable to satisfy the relationship. Thereby, the volume of the latent heat storage materials 10 (L) and 20 (L) when both are in the liquid phase state and the latent heat storage materials 10 (S) and 20 (S) when both are in the solid phase state. The difference from the volume can be reduced.

Here, the definitions of “volume change rate”, “volume shrinkage”, “volume shrinkage”, “volume expansion” and “volume expansion” in this specification will be described. These are terms representing the degree of volume change at the same weight when a phase change is made from a liquid phase to a solid phase in a material that changes between a liquid phase and a solid phase.

“Volume change rate” represents the ratio of the volume of the solid phase (after phase change) to the volume of the liquid phase (before phase change) (= (volume of solid phase) / (volume of liquid phase)). “Volume change rate” is commonly used for both a material that expands by volume and a material that shrinks by volume change from a liquid phase to a solid phase. “Volume change rate” is larger than 1 in the case of a material that expands in volume by a phase change from a liquid phase to a solid phase, and smaller than 1 in the case of a material that contracts in a volume by a phase change from a liquid phase to a solid phase . For the measurement of the volume of the liquid phase and the solid phase, for example, the Archimedes method in which the material is immersed in a solution that does not cause a chemical change and the volume of each phase is measured can be used.

“Volume shrinkage” and “volume shrinkage” are materials that satisfy the relationship of (volume of liquid phase)> (volume of solid phase) at the same weight, that is, volume shrinkage due to phase change from liquid phase to solid phase. Used for materials (eg paraffin).
“Volume shrinkage” represents the difference between the volume of the liquid phase (before phase change) and the volume of the solid phase (after phase change) (= (volume of liquid phase) − (volume of solid phase)). “Volume shrinkage” takes a positive value.
“Volume shrinkage” is the ratio of volume shrinkage to volume of liquid phase (before phase change) (= (volume shrinkage) / (volume of liquid phase) = ((volume of liquid phase) − (volume of solid phase). )) / (Volume of liquid phase)). “Volume shrinkage” takes a positive value and is expressed, for example, as a percentage (%).

“Volume expansion amount” and “volume expansion coefficient” are materials that satisfy the relationship (volume of solid phase)> (volume of liquid phase) at the same weight, that is, volume expansion by phase change from liquid phase to solid phase. Used for materials (eg water).
“Volume expansion” represents the difference between the volume of the solid phase (after phase change) and the volume of the liquid phase (before phase change) (= (volume of solid phase) − (volume of liquid phase)). The “volume expansion amount” takes a positive value.
“Volume expansion ratio” is a ratio of volume expansion amount to volume of liquid phase (before phase change) (= (volume expansion amount) / (volume of liquid phase) = ((volume of solid phase) − (volume of liquid phase). )) / (Volume of liquid phase)). The “volume expansion coefficient” takes a positive value and is expressed, for example, as a percentage (%).

Generally, a latent heat storage material stores, as heat energy, latent heat exchanged with the outside during a phase change of a substance. For example, in heat storage using phase change between solid and liquid, the heat of fusion at the melting point of the latent heat storage material is used. As long as two phases of solid and liquid coexist at the time of phase change, heat is continuously taken away from the outside at a constant phase change temperature, so that it is possible to suppress the temperature from rising above the melting point in a relatively long time.

The container body 30 that houses the latent heat storage materials 10 and 20 is a hollow box having a rectangular parallelepiped outer shape. In the container body 30 of this example, a rectangular flat plate-shaped first member 40 and a second member 50 formed in a shallow container shape as a separate body from the first member 40 are formed so that a space is formed inside. It has the structure combined with. The first member 40 and the second member 50 are made of, for example, a resin material such as polycarbonate. The second member 50 has the same shape (rectangular flat plate shape) as the first member 40, and four side surfaces provided on each side of the bottom surface portion 51 and perpendicular to the bottom surface portion 51 (FIG. a) and (b) show only two side portions 52 and 54. Hereinafter, four side portions including the side portions 52 and 54 may be referred to as “ side portions 52 and 54, etc.”). is doing. The bottom surface portion 51 and the side surface portions 52 and 54 form a predetermined accommodation space surrounded by five directions. The first member 40 and the second member 50 are joined to each other by, for example, an adhesive so that the first member 40 and the bottom surface portion 51 are arranged to face each other and the accommodation space of the second member 50 is hermetically sealed. . Thereby, an airtight space in which the latent heat storage materials 10 and 20 are accommodated is formed inside the first member 40 and the second member 50. For example, the first member 40 and the second member 50 have a predetermined rigidity.

As shown in FIG. 1 (a), for example, the latent heat storage materials 10 (L) and 20 (L) in a liquid phase at room temperature are filled in an airtight space inside the container body 30 with almost no gap. In this example, the latent heat storage material 20 (L) is filled in layers so as to contact the entire inner surface of the bottom surface portion 51, and the latent heat storage material 10 (L) is formed on the inner surface of the first member 40. It is filled in layers so as to contact the whole.

When the heat storage member 1 is cooled in the refrigerator and the temperature is lowered, it first reaches the freezing point (about 6 ° C.) of the latent heat storage material 10 (n-tetradecane). When the freezing point of the latent heat storage material 10 is reached, the latent heat storage material 10 changes phase from a liquid phase to a solid phase and contracts at a volume contraction rate of about 20%. At this time, the volume of the latent heat storage material 10 changes, but the volume of the latent heat storage material 20 does not change. That is, the volume change of the latent heat storage materials 10 and 20 as a whole is smaller than that of a heat storage member using only the latent heat storage material 10. Therefore, deformation and mechanical breakage of the container body 30 can be suppressed.

When the temperature of the heat storage member 1 further decreases after the latent heat storage material 10 is solidified, it reaches the freezing point (about 0 ° C.) of the latent heat storage material 20 (water). When the freezing point of the latent heat storage material 20 is reached, as shown in FIG. 1B, the latent heat storage material 20 undergoes a phase change from the liquid phase to the solid phase and expands at a volume expansion rate of about 10%. Due to the volume expansion of the latent heat storage material 20, the entire volume of the latent heat storage material 10 (S), 20 (S) changes in a direction approaching the entire volume of the latent heat storage material 10 (L), 20 (L) at room temperature. Therefore, deformation and mechanical breakage of the container body 30 can be suppressed.

From the state shown in FIG. 1B, for example, when the temperature in the refrigerator rises due to a power failure or the like and the temperature of the heat storage member 1 rises, the melting point (about 0 ° C.) of the latent heat storage material 20 is reached. Changes from a solid phase to a liquid phase. At this time, the inside of the refrigerator is kept for a predetermined time by the latent heat of the latent heat storage material 20. When the temperature of the heat storage member 1 further rises, the melting point (about 6 ° C.) of the latent heat storage material 10 is reached, and the latent heat storage material 10 changes from a solid phase to a liquid phase. At this time, the inside of the refrigerator is kept cool for a predetermined time by the latent heat of the latent heat storage material 10. When the latent heat storage material 10 changes to the liquid phase, the heat storage member 1 returns to the state shown in FIG.

Here, since the gel-like latent heat storage materials 10 and 20 do not have fluidity, the latent heat storage materials 10 (L) and 20 (L) in a liquid phase state or a state during phase change from a liquid phase to a solid phase. Will not flow down. Therefore, even if the phase change is repeated, the shapes of the latent heat storage materials 10 (L) and 20 (L) and the shapes of the latent heat storage materials 10 (S) and 20 (S) are perpendicular to the arrangement posture of the heat storage member 1. It is maintained without much dependency on the relationship with the direction.

Next, an example of a method for manufacturing the heat storage member 1 according to the present embodiment will be briefly described. First, a rectangular flat plate-like first member 40 and a shallow container-like second member 50 are formed by injection molding using polycarbonate. Further, a gel-like latent heat storage material 10 is formed by containing n-tetradecane with several wt% gelling agent, and the gel-like latent heat storage material 20 is prepared by adding several wt% gelling agent to water. Form. Here, as the gelling agent, those suitable for gelation of n-tetradecane and water are used. Next, the latent heat storage material 20 and the latent heat storage material 10 are filled without any gaps in this order in the accommodation space surrounded by the bottom surface 51 and the side surfaces 52 and 54 of the second member 50. And the outer frames of the frame-shaped end surfaces such as the side surface portions 52 and 54 of the second member 50 and the inner surface of the first member 40 so that the accommodation space filled with the latent heat storage materials 10 and 20 is hermetically sealed. The parts are joined using an adhesive. With the above procedure, the heat storage member 1 according to the present embodiment is manufactured.

As described above, the heat storage member 1 of the present embodiment includes the first latent heat storage material 10 whose volume shrinks due to the phase change from the liquid phase to the solid phase when the temperature is lowered, and the liquid phase when the temperature is lowered. It has the 2nd latent heat storage material 20 whose volume expands by the phase change to a solid phase, and container 30 which stores both the 1st latent heat storage material 10 and the 2nd latent heat storage material 20 To do.

According to this configuration, the latent heat storage materials 10 and 20 as a whole between the time when the latent heat storage materials 10 and 20 are in the liquid phase state and the time when both of the latent heat storage materials 10 and 20 are in the solid phase state. Therefore, deformation and mechanical breakage of the container body 30 can be suppressed. Moreover, since the latent heat storage materials 10 and 20 can be filled in the container body 30 with almost no gap, the volume occupied by the latent heat storage materials 10 and 20 with respect to the volume of the container body 30 can be increased. Therefore, the heat storage effect per unit volume of the heat storage member 1 can be enhanced. That is, according to the present embodiment, it is possible to realize the heat storage member 1 having a high heat storage effect while suppressing deformation and mechanical damage of the container body 30 due to the volume change of the latent heat storage material.

Further, the heat storage member 1 of the present embodiment has a difference between the volume shrinkage before and after the phase change of the first latent heat storage material 10 and the volume expansion amount before and after the phase change of the second latent heat storage material 20. The volume of the latent heat storage material 10 before the phase change (liquid phase state) and the total volume of the second latent heat storage material 20 before the phase change (liquid phase state) is within ± 5%. To do.

According to this configuration, the volume of the latent heat storage materials 10 (L) and 20 (L) when both are in a liquid phase state, and the latent heat storage materials 10 (S) and 20 (when both are in a solid phase state) Since the difference from the volume of S) can be reduced, deformation and mechanical damage of the container body 30 can be further suppressed.

Further, the heat storage member 1 of the present embodiment is characterized in that the difference between the phase change temperature of the first latent heat storage material 10 and the phase change temperature of the second latent heat storage material 20 is within 7 ° C. According to this configuration, the latent heat storage materials 10 and 20 are both in a liquid phase state, or both are in a solid phase state (the volume of the latent heat storage materials 10 and 20 as a whole is kept substantially constant. Since the temperature range can be widened, deformation and mechanical breakage of the container body 30 can be further suppressed.

Further, the heat storage member 1 of the present embodiment is characterized in that the first latent heat storage material 10 includes paraffin and the second latent heat storage material 20 includes water or an aqueous salt solution. According to this configuration, since the latent heat storage material 10 can be oily and the latent heat storage material 20 can be aqueous, even if one or both of the latent heat storage materials 10 and 20 are not gelled, The state where the latent heat storage material 10 and the latent heat storage material 20 are separated can be maintained.

The heat storage member 1 of the present embodiment is characterized in that at least one of the first latent heat storage material 10 and the second latent heat storage material 20 contains a gelling agent. According to this configuration, since the shape of at least one of the latent heat storage materials 10 and 20 can be maintained without depending on the relationship between the arrangement posture of the heat storage member 1 and the vertical direction, the latent heat storage material 10 and the latent heat storage material 20 are maintained. Can be maintained in a separated state.

[Second Embodiment]
Next, a heat storage member according to a second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. 6A and 6B show a schematic cross-sectional configuration of the heat storage member 2 according to the present embodiment. In addition, about the component which has the same function and effect | action as the heat storage member 1 by 1st Embodiment, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected and the description is abbreviate | omitted.

As shown to Fig.6 (a), (b), the thermal storage member 2 of this Embodiment differs from the thermal storage member 1 of 1st Embodiment in each filling shape of the latent heat storage materials 10 and 20. FIG. . In the first embodiment, the latent heat storage materials 10 and 20 are stacked in the thickness direction of the heat storage member 1, whereas the latent heat storage materials 10 and 20 of the present embodiment are the height of the heat storage member 2. It is laminated in the direction or the width direction. In this example, the latent heat storage material 10 is filled in the upper portion in the arrangement posture when the heat storage member 2 is used, and the latent heat storage material 20 is filled in the lower portion. That is, in this example, the latent heat storage materials 10 and 20 are laminated in the height direction of the heat storage member 2.

As shown in FIG. 6 (a), for example, the latent heat storage materials 10 (L) and 20 (L) in a liquid phase at room temperature are filled in the airtight space inside the container body 30 with almost no gap. When the heat storage member 2 is cooled in the refrigerator and the temperature decreases, first, it reaches the freezing point (about 6 ° C.) of the latent heat storage material 10 (n-tetradecane). When the freezing point of the latent heat storage material 10 is reached, the latent heat storage material 10 filled in the upper portion of the container body 30 changes from a liquid phase to a solid phase and contracts at a volume contraction rate of about 20%. At this time, the volume of the latent heat storage material 10 changes, but the volume of the latent heat storage material 20 does not change. That is, the volume change of the latent heat storage materials 10 and 20 as a whole is smaller than that of a heat storage member using only the latent heat storage material 10. Therefore, deformation and mechanical breakage of the container body 30 can be suppressed.

When the temperature of the heat storage member 2 further decreases after the latent heat storage material 10 is solidified, it reaches the freezing point (about 0 ° C.) of the latent heat storage material 20 (water). When the freezing point of the latent heat storage material 20 is reached, as shown in FIG. 6B, the latent heat storage material 20 filled in the lower portion of the container body 30 undergoes a phase change from the liquid phase to the solid phase and has a volume of about 10%. It expands at an expansion rate. Due to the volume expansion of the latent heat storage material 20, the entire volume of the latent heat storage material 10 (S), 20 (S) changes in a direction approaching the entire volume of the latent heat storage material 10 (L), 20 (L) at room temperature. Therefore, deformation and mechanical breakage of the container body 30 can be suppressed.

From the state shown in FIG. 6B, when the temperature in the refrigerator rises due to a power failure or the like, for example, the temperature of the heat storage member 2 rises, the melting point (about 0 ° C.) of the latent heat storage material 20 is reached, and the latent heat storage material 20 Changes from a solid phase to a liquid phase. At this time, the inside of the refrigerator is kept for a predetermined time by the latent heat of the latent heat storage material 20. When the temperature of the heat storage member 2 further rises, the melting point (about 6 ° C.) of the latent heat storage material 10 is reached, and the latent heat storage material 10 changes from a solid phase to a liquid phase. At this time, the inside of the refrigerator is kept cool for a predetermined time by the latent heat of the latent heat storage material 10. When the latent heat storage material 10 changes to the liquid phase, the heat storage member 2 returns to the state shown in FIG.

According to this embodiment, the same effect as that of the first embodiment can be obtained. The n-paraffin filled in the upper part of the container body 30 generally has a specific gravity smaller than 1, and therefore has a lower density than water, sodium chloride aqueous solution, or the like filled in the lower part of the container body 30. Furthermore, since n-paraffin is oily and water and aqueous sodium chloride solution are aqueous, they do not mix with each other. Therefore, according to the present embodiment, even if one or both of the latent heat storage materials 10 and 20 are not gelled, the latent heat storage material 10 and the latent heat storage material 20 are maintained in a separated state. can do.

[Third Embodiment]
Next, a heat storage member according to a third embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. FIGS. 7A and 7B show a schematic cross-sectional configuration of the heat storage member 3 according to the present embodiment. In addition, about the component which has the same function and effect | action as the heat storage member 1 by 1st Embodiment, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected and the description is abbreviate | omitted.

As shown to Fig.7 (a), (b), the heat storage member 3 of this Embodiment is compared with the heat storage member 1 of 1st Embodiment, and the latent heat storage material 10 and the latent heat storage material 20 are the same. It is characterized in that a partition plate 60 made of polycarbonate, for example, is provided at the boundary. The partition plate 60 has a rectangular flat plate shape similar to the first member 40 and the bottom surface portion 51, for example, and is enclosed in the container body 30 together with the latent heat storage materials 10 and 20. The partition plate 60 can separate the filling space of the latent heat storage material 10 and the filling space of the latent heat storage material 20 in the container body 30 in a liquid-tight manner, for example. In addition, the partition plate 60 is movable in the thickness direction of the heat storage member 3 (in the stacking direction of the latent heat storage materials 10 and 20) along with the volume change due to the phase change of each of the latent heat storage materials 10 and 20.

In the present embodiment, one or both of the latent heat storage materials 10 and 20 may be configured not to be gelled. A non-gel latent heat storage material has fluidity in a liquid phase. In the present embodiment, the state in which the latent heat storage material 10 and the latent heat storage material 20 are separated into layers by the partition plate 60 is maintained even when one or both of the latent heat storage materials 10 and 20 have fluidity. .

As described above, the heat storage member 3 of the present embodiment further includes the partition plate 60 provided at the boundary between the first latent heat storage material 10 and the second latent heat storage material 20 in the container body 30. It is characterized by. According to this configuration, the state in which the latent heat storage material 10 and the latent heat storage material 20 are separated in the container body 30 can be maintained by the partition plate 60.

Further, the partition plate 60 is movable in accordance with the volume change of the latent heat storage materials 10 and 20. Thereby, the state in which the latent heat storage material 10 and the latent heat storage material 20 are separated can be maintained both before and after the phase change of the latent heat storage materials 10 and 20.

Further, the partition plate 60 liquid-tightly separates the filling space of the latent heat storage material 10 and the filling space of the latent heat storage material 20 in the container body 30. Thereby, even if at least one of the latent heat storage materials 10 and 20 is not a gel, the state where the latent heat storage material 10 and the latent heat storage material 20 are separated can be maintained.

[Fourth Embodiment]
Next, the heat storage member by the 4th Embodiment of this invention is demonstrated using FIG. 8A and 8B show a schematic cross-sectional configuration of the heat storage member 4 according to the present embodiment. In addition, about the component which has the same function and effect | action as the heat storage member 1 by 1st Embodiment, or the heat storage member 2 by 2nd Embodiment, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected and the description is abbreviate | omitted.

As shown in FIGS. 8A and 8B, the heat storage member 4 of the present embodiment has a latent heat storage material 10 and a latent heat storage material 20 that are compared with the heat storage member 2 of the second embodiment. It is characterized in that a partition plate 70 made of, for example, polycarbonate is provided at the boundary. The partition plate 70 has, for example, a rectangular flat plate shape similar to the side surface portion 52 or 54 of the second member 50, and is enclosed in the container body 30 together with the latent heat storage materials 10 and 20. The partition plate 70 can separate the filling space of the latent heat storage material 10 and the filling space of the latent heat storage material 20 in the container body 30 in a liquid-tight manner, for example. Further, the partition plate 70 is movable in the height direction of the heat storage member 4 (in the stacking direction of the latent heat storage materials 10 and 20) in accordance with the volume change due to the phase change of each of the latent heat storage materials 10 and 20.

In the present embodiment, one or both of the latent heat storage materials 10 and 20 may be configured not to be gelled. In the present embodiment, the state where the latent heat storage material 10 and the latent heat storage material 20 are separated by the partition plate 70 is maintained even when one or both of the latent heat storage materials 10 and 20 have fluidity.

[Fifth Embodiment]
Next, a heat storage member according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. 9A and 9B show a schematic cross-sectional configuration of the heat storage member 5 according to the present embodiment. In addition, about the component which has the same function and effect | action as the heat storage member 1 by 1st Embodiment, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected and the description is abbreviate | omitted.

As shown to Fig.9 (a), the heat storage member 5 of this Embodiment is the 1st latent heat with which the recessed part 11 was formed in the 1st member 40 side surface as a latent heat storage material with which the container body 30 was filled. It has a heat storage material 10 (L) and a second latent heat storage material 20 (L) accommodated in the recess 11. In this example, a plurality of concave portions 11 are formed on the surface of the latent heat storage material 10 (L) on the first member 40 side, and are arranged in a matrix when viewed from the normal direction of the surface. In addition, in each of the plurality of recesses 11, the latent heat storage material 20 (L) having substantially the same volume as the recess 11 is embedded with almost no gap. The latent heat storage materials 10 (L) and 20 (L) are filled in the container body 30 with almost no gap. In this example, the inner wall surface of the container body 30 is formed of a material having relatively high adhesion to the latent heat storage material 10.

The heat storage member 5 is used, for example, in the arrangement posture shown in FIG. In this case, the concave 11 formation surface of the latent heat storage material 10 (L) is a horizontal upper surface. Therefore, the latent heat storage material 20 (L) is stably held in the recess 11 even if it has fluidity instead of gel.

When the heat storage member 5 is cooled in the refrigerator and the temperature is lowered, it first reaches the freezing point (about 6 ° C.) of the latent heat storage material 10 (n-tetradecane). When the freezing point of the latent heat storage material 10 is reached, the latent heat storage material 10 filled in the upper portion of the container body 30 changes from a liquid phase to a solid phase and contracts at a volume contraction rate of about 20%. Since the latent heat storage material 10 is highly adherent to the inner wall surface of the container body 30, the volume of the recess 11 that is not attached to the inner wall surface of the container body 30 easily expands due to the volume shrinkage, and the volume of the recess 11 is the latent heat storage material. It tends to be larger than the volume of 20 (L). Thereby, for example, when the latent heat storage material 20 (L) has fluidity, the liquid level of the latent heat storage material 20 (L) is lower than the surface of the latent heat storage material 10 where the recess 11 is formed. At this time, the volume of the latent heat storage material 10 changes, but the volume of the latent heat storage material 20 does not change. That is, the volume change of the latent heat storage materials 10 and 20 as a whole is smaller than that of a heat storage member using only the latent heat storage material 10. Therefore, deformation and mechanical breakage of the container body 30 can be suppressed.

When the temperature of the heat storage member 5 further decreases after the latent heat storage material 10 is solidified, it reaches the freezing point (about 0 ° C.) of the latent heat storage material 20 (water). When the freezing point of the latent heat storage material 20 is reached, as shown in FIG. 9B, the latent heat storage material 20 changes from a liquid phase to a solid phase and expands at a volume expansion rate of about 10%. Thereby, the volume of the latent heat storage material 20 (S) changes in the direction approaching the volume of the recessed part 11. Further, the entire volume of the latent heat storage material 10 (S), 20 (S) changes in a direction approaching the entire volume of the latent heat storage material 10 (L), 20 (L) at room temperature. Therefore, deformation and mechanical breakage of the container body 30 can be suppressed.

From the state shown in FIG. 9B, when the temperature in the refrigerator rises due to a power failure or the like, for example, the temperature of the heat storage member 5 rises, the melting point (about 0 ° C.) of the latent heat storage material 20 is reached. Changes from a solid phase to a liquid phase. At this time, the inside of the refrigerator is kept for a predetermined time by the latent heat of the latent heat storage material 20. When the temperature of the heat storage member 5 further rises, the melting point (about 6 ° C.) of the latent heat storage material 10 is reached, and the latent heat storage material 10 changes from a solid phase to a liquid phase. At this time, the inside of the refrigerator is kept cool for a predetermined time by the latent heat of the latent heat storage material 10. When the latent heat storage material 10 changes to the liquid phase, the heat storage member 5 returns to the state shown in FIG. According to the present embodiment, the heat storage effect can be enhanced while suppressing deformation and mechanical damage of the heat storage member, as in the first embodiment.

[Sixth Embodiment]
Next, a heat storage container according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 10 shows a schematic configuration of the heat storage container 6 according to the present embodiment. FIG. 11 shows a schematic cross-sectional configuration of the heat storage container 6 according to the present embodiment cut along a vertical plane. FIG. 12 shows a schematic cross-sectional configuration of the door member 110 of the heat storage container 6 according to the present embodiment. In addition, about the component which has the same function and effect | action as the heat storage member 1 by 1st Embodiment, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected and the description is abbreviate | omitted.

The heat storage container 6 according to the present embodiment is used as a cooler box for keeping the stored items cool. As shown in FIG. 10, the heat storage container 6 of the present embodiment is attached to a rectangular parallelepiped box 100 whose upper surface is opened and rotatably attached to one side of the opening end of the box 100 via a hinge mechanism. The door member 110 is capable of opening and closing the opening of the box body 100.

As shown in FIG. 11, a cassette-type heat storage member 130 is detachably attached to the bottom surface portion 101 and the four side surface portions 102 to 105 of the box 100 (only the side surface portions 102 and 104 are shown in FIG. 11). Insertion holes 120 to be inserted are respectively formed. 12, the door member 110 is similarly formed with an insertion hole 120 into which the cassette-type heat storage member 130 is detachably inserted. The thick arrows in FIGS. 11 and 12 indicate the attachment / detachment direction of the heat storage member 130. The heat storage member 130 has substantially the same configuration as the heat storage member 1 of the first embodiment. In this example, the heat storage member 130 is attached so that the latent heat storage material 10 is on the inner side (container side) of the latent heat storage materials 10 and 20. In this example, the heat storage member 130 is attached to all six surfaces surrounding the storage space in which the stored items are stored, but the heat storage member 130 is not necessarily attached to all six surfaces. Since the cold air flows downward, it is preferable to attach the heat storage member 130 to at least the door member 110 serving as the ceiling surface of the accommodation space.

In the present embodiment, the cassette-type heat storage member 130 is cooled in advance by a refrigerator or the like and attached to the heat storage container 6 at the time of use. According to the present embodiment, as in the first embodiment, the heat storage effect can be enhanced while suppressing deformation and mechanical damage of the cassette-type heat storage member 130.

FIG. 13 shows a modification of the heat storage container of the present embodiment. As shown in FIG. 13, the door member 110 may be a sliding door that slides parallel to the open end of the box body 100. In the present embodiment, the heat storage member 130 is detachably attached to the heat storage container 6. However, if the heat storage container 6 itself can be cooled by a refrigerator or the like, the heat storage member 130 is always attached to the heat storage container 6. It may be attached. Further, the heat storage container 6 may include a cooling mechanism that cools the inside of the accommodation space, and a power source that drives the cooling mechanism.

[Seventh Embodiment]
Next, a heat storage container according to a seventh embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 14 shows a schematic cross-sectional configuration of a direct-cooling refrigerator as the heat storage container 7 according to the present embodiment. In addition, about the component which has the same function and effect | action as the heat storage member 1 by 1st Embodiment, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected and the description is abbreviate | omitted. The heat storage container 7 has a heat storage container body 201 having a rectangular parallelepiped shape that is vertically high in the installed state. In the front of the heat storage container main body 201, rectangular openings are provided in the upper and lower stages, respectively. A hollow box-shaped refrigeration chamber 204 is provided in the heat storage container main body 201 with the lower rectangular opening as an opening end. A hollow box-shaped freezer compartment 205 is provided in the heat storage container main body 201 with the upper rectangular opening as an opening end.

A freezer compartment door 203 made of resin, for example, is attached to the open end of the freezer compartment 205 via a hinge mechanism (not shown) so as to be opened and closed. In FIG. 14, the freezer compartment door 203 is shown in a closed state. The freezer compartment door 203 has a rectangular flat plate shape having a region that closes the rectangular opening of the freezer compartment 205 in a closed state.

A door member 202 is attached to the open ends of the refrigerator compartment 204 and the freezer compartment 205 through a hinge mechanism (not shown) so as to be opened and closed. The door member 202 has a rectangular flat plate shape having a region that closes the rectangular openings of both the refrigerator compartment 204 and the freezer compartment 205 in a closed state. In addition, a door packing 208 for ensuring the sealing of the refrigerator compartment 204 and the freezer compartment 205 when the door is closed is provided on the side of the door member 202 facing the outer periphery including both the refrigerator compartment 204 and the freezer compartment 205. Has been placed. Each of the heat storage container main body 201 and the door member 202 has a layer configuration in which a heat insulating material is filled between the outer wall and the inner wall.

The heat storage container 7 has a vapor compression refrigeration cycle as a cooling mechanism for cooling the refrigerator compartment 204 and the freezer compartment 205. The refrigeration cycle includes a compressor 230 that compresses refrigerant, a condenser (not shown) that condenses the compressed refrigerant and dissipates heat to the outside, and an expansion unit (for example, a capillary tube) (not shown) that expands the condensed refrigerant. , An evaporator (cooler) 210 that evaporates the expanded refrigerant and cools the interior with the heat of vaporization, and a pipe 220 that connects them. The compressor 230 is disposed on the bottom surface of the heat storage container main body 201. The evaporator 210 is provided between the refrigerator compartment 204 and the freezer compartment 205 inside the heat storage container main body 201. In this example, the lower surface of the evaporator 210 is in contact with the latent heat storage material 10 described later, and the upper surface of the evaporator 210 is exposed in the freezer compartment 205. As the cooling mechanism, an absorption cooling device or an electronic cooling device using the Peltier effect can be used.

In the present embodiment, for example, a heat storage member similar to the heat storage member 1 of the first embodiment is provided inside the inner wall surface of the refrigerator compartment 204 and inside the inner wall surface of the door member 202. Specifically, a plate-like base material 240 that forms a layered space between the inner wall surface and the inner wall surface of the refrigerator compartment 204 is provided. The laminar space is filled with the first latent heat storage material 10 and the second latent heat storage material 20 which are stacked on each other. Similarly, on the inner side of the inner wall surface of the door member 202, a plate-like base material 250 that forms a layered space with the inner wall surface is provided. The laminar space is filled with the first latent heat storage material 10 and the second latent heat storage material 20 which are stacked on each other. In this example, the latent heat storage materials 10 and 20 are filled so that the latent heat storage material 20 is on the inner side (the refrigerator compartment 204 side).

According to the present embodiment, the heat storage effect can be enhanced while suppressing deformation and mechanical damage of the heat storage member, as in the first to sixth embodiments.

The present invention is not limited to the above embodiment, and various modifications can be made.
For example, in the said embodiment, although the heat storage member which stores cold energy was mentioned as an example, this invention is applicable not only to this but the heat storage member which stores warm heat. In the sixth embodiment, the cooler box that cools the contents is described as an example, but the present invention can also be applied to a heater box that keeps the contents warm. Moreover, although the refrigerator was mentioned as an example in the said 7th Embodiment, it is applicable also to a warm storage.

Moreover, in the said embodiment, although the heat storage member provided in the inner wall surface in the store | warehouse | chamber of a refrigerator or a cooler box was mentioned as an example, this invention is not restricted to this, Such as a wall material of a building, a flooring, a ceiling material, etc. It can also be used for building materials, wall materials, floor materials, etc. of automobile casings.

In the above embodiment, the arrangement of the latent heat storage material 10 and the latent heat storage material 20 may be reversed.

Here, a suitable range of the phase change temperature of the latent heat storage materials 10 and 20 is illustrated for each use application. For example, the operating temperature range of a freezer (including up to the JIS One Star standard) is −20 ° C. to −5 ° C. For this reason, if the combination of the latent heat storage materials 10 and 20 having a phase change temperature within the same temperature range is used, a heat storage member suitable for keeping cold in the freezer can be obtained. The operating temperature range of the refrigerator (refrigerated room or vegetable room) is 0 ° C to 10 ° C. For this reason, if the combination of the latent heat storage materials 10 and 20 which have a phase change temperature in the same temperature range is used, the heat storage member suitable for the cold storage in the refrigerator compartment can be obtained. The operating temperature range of the heat transfer liquid for air conditioning is 7 ° C to 12 ° C. For this reason, if the combination of the latent heat storage materials 10 and 20 having a phase change temperature within the same temperature range is used, a heat storage member suitable for cooling the air-conveying heat transfer liquid can be obtained. Efficiency of conveyance can be realized. The operating temperature range of the shipping container is 15 ° C to 18 ° C. For this reason, if the combination of the latent heat storage materials 10 and 20 having a phase change temperature within the same temperature range is used, a heat storage member suitable for keeping the transport container cool or warm can be obtained, and appropriate temperature transport of pharmaceuticals and the like is realized. be able to. The operating temperature range of the flooring and wall material that reduces the change in room temperature is 20 ° C to 30 ° C. For this reason, if a combination of latent heat storage materials 10 and 20 having a phase change temperature within the same temperature range is used, a heat storage member suitable for flooring and wall materials can be obtained, realizing energy saving and indoor comfort. can do. The working temperature range of flooring and wall materials that store heat during the day and dissipate heat at night is 30 ° C to 40 ° C. For this reason, if the combination of the latent heat storage materials 10 and 20 which have a phase change temperature in the same temperature range is used, the heat storage member suitable for a flooring or a wall material can be obtained, and energy saving can be implement | achieved. The operating temperature range of the bathtub heat storage and heat insulating material is 40 ° C to 42 ° C. For this reason, if the combination of the latent heat storage materials 10 and 20 having the phase change temperature within the same temperature range is used, a heat storage member suitable for the bathtub heat storage material can be obtained, and energy saving and long-time heat storage can be realized. Can do.

In the above embodiment, the latent heat storage materials 10 and 20 are given as examples of the phase change material, but the present invention is not limited to this. Phase change materials include various materials that cause a phase transition at a certain transition point.

Also, the above embodiments can be implemented in combination with each other.

The present invention is widely applicable to a heat storage member and a heat storage container using a phase change material.

1 to 5, 130 Heat storage member 6, 7 Heat storage container 10, 10 (L), 10 (S) First latent heat storage material 11 Recess 20, 20 (L), 20 (S) Second latent heat storage material 30 Container Body 40 First member 50 Second member 51 Bottom surface portion 52, 54 Side surface portion 60, 70 Partition plate 100 Box body 101 Bottom surface portion 102-105 Side surface portion 110, 202 Door member 120 Insertion hole 201 Thermal storage container body 203 Freezer compartment door 204 Refrigeration room 205 Freezing room 208 Door packing 210 Evaporator 220 Piping 230 Compressor 240, 250 Base material

Claims (9)

1. A first phase change material whose volume shrinks due to a phase change when the temperature drops;
   A second phase change material whose volume expands due to the phase change when the temperature drops;
   A heat storage member, comprising: a container body that accommodates both the first phase change material and the second phase change material.
2. The heat storage member according to claim 1,
   The heat storage member, wherein the phase change is a phase change from a liquid phase to a solid phase.
3. In the heat storage member according to claim 1 or 2,
   The difference between the volume shrinkage before and after the phase change of the first phase change material and the volume expansion before and after the phase change of the second phase change material is the volume of the first phase change material before the phase change. And 5% or less of the sum of the volume of the second phase change material before the phase change.
4. In the heat storage member according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
   The difference between the phase change temperature of the first phase change material and the phase change temperature of the second phase change material is within 7 ° C.
5. In the heat storage member according to any one of claims 1 to 4,
   The heat storage member, wherein the first phase change material contains paraffin.
6. In the heat storage member according to any one of claims 1 to 5,
   The heat storage member, wherein the second phase change material contains water or an aqueous salt solution.
7. In the heat storage member according to any one of claims 1 to 6,
   At least one of the first phase change material and the second phase change material contains a gelling agent.
8. In the heat storage member according to any one of claims 1 to 7,
   The heat storage member further comprising a partition plate provided at a boundary between the first phase change material and the second phase change material in the container.
9. The heat storage member as described in any one of Claim 1 to 8 is used. The heat storage container characterized by the above-mentioned.

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