WO2012175231A1 - Détection de fuite sur des joints d'arbres - Google Patents

Détection de fuite sur des joints d'arbres Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2012175231A1
WO2012175231A1 PCT/EP2012/056298 EP2012056298W WO2012175231A1 WO 2012175231 A1 WO2012175231 A1 WO 2012175231A1 EP 2012056298 W EP2012056298 W EP 2012056298W WO 2012175231 A1 WO2012175231 A1 WO 2012175231A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
component
receiver
shaft
measuring device
detected
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2012/056298
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Stefan Laue
Gerd Ebelt
Original Assignee
Ksb Aktiengesellschaft
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Ksb Aktiengesellschaft filed Critical Ksb Aktiengesellschaft
Publication of WO2012175231A1 publication Critical patent/WO2012175231A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16J—PISTONS; CYLINDERS; SEALINGS
    • F16J15/00—Sealings
    • F16J15/16—Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces
    • F16J15/34—Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces with slip-ring pressed against a more or less radial face on one member
    • F16J15/3492—Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces with slip-ring pressed against a more or less radial face on one member with monitoring or measuring means associated with the seal
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D15/00—Control, e.g. regulation, of pumps, pumping installations or systems
    • F04D15/0088—Testing machines
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/08—Sealings
    • F04D29/10—Shaft sealings
    • F04D29/106—Shaft sealings especially adapted for liquid pumps

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for detecting a leakage in a shaft seal with a measuring device that detects leaking fluid.
  • Shaft seals prevent centrifugal pumps from the escape of fluid at the implementation of the rotating shaft from the fixed housing.
  • mechanical seals are used. These are dynamic contact seals in which sealing surfaces slide on each other. Between the surfaces is the sealing gap with a mostly liquid lubricant film. The sealing gap usually runs at right angles to the shaft axis.
  • US 2003/0015840 A1 describes a seal with a leakage detector.
  • the exiting fluid is collected in a container. If the level in the container exceeds a limit value, this is detected by a measuring device.
  • a sensor protrudes into the container and determines the refractive index of the surrounding medium. The refractive index has a specific one for each medium Value. If the level is below the limit, the sensor detects the refractive index of air. If the level exceeds the limit value, the sensor measures the refractive index of the fluid.
  • a disadvantage of this method for leakage detection is the susceptibility to aggressive or crystallizing fluids, which can damage or enforce the container or the sensor.
  • EP 1 625 375 B1 describes a monitoring device for detecting a leak, in which fluid emerging in a channel-like tube is collected and the level of the filling level in the tube is detected by means of a capacitive sensor.
  • DE 103 14 923 B4 describes an arrangement for sealing a shaft with a device for detecting a leakage.
  • escaping fluid is taken up by an absorbent non-woven fabric, which is referred to in the document as "depot.”
  • the depot is monitored by a sensor, the leakage initially being distributed uniformly in the nonwoven fabric, resulting in delayed detection.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a device for detecting and quantitatively detecting a leakage in shaft seals that reliably detects even the smallest amounts of leaking fluid by means of a measuring device. This is intended to detect early signs of wear on the shaft seals in order to avoid consequential damage due to the escape of larger amounts of fluid.
  • this object is achieved in that a component is arranged on a shaft bushing, which leads the exiting fluid to a point at which drops form, the drops being detected by the measuring device in a fall distance.
  • the component is arranged directly on the housing part, through which the shaft is guided. A gap-free seal between the housing part and the component is ensured by means of a sealing element.
  • the insert 10 of a sealing disk, which surrounds the shaft and is arranged between the component and the housing part, proves to be advantageous, wherein in particular an acrylic sealing disk has proved favorable.
  • the component is stationary and is fixed by means of fastening means, preferably with the aid of screws 15, to the housing part, through which the shaft is guided.
  • the component is designed so that it selectively dissipates fluid emerging at the shaft passage.
  • the component encloses the shaft partially or completely.
  • the component consists of two segments 20, each of which has a semicircular recess in the center. A segment encloses the shaft from above; the other segment encloses the shaft from below. Both segments are by means of fasteners, such as screws, to a Ein:. connected.
  • the component is designed to deliver the fluid to a location where droplets form.
  • the component in the region below the shaft on a funnel-like region to which the fluid is passed by gravity. At the end of the funnel-shaped area, the fluid reaches an edge where drops form
  • the component jumps at Ü transition of the edge to Faliumble.
  • the fluid runs up the funnel-like area down to the edge where dripping is forced by the material return.
  • the fall distance is disposed within the component.
  • the Faliumble is formed by a cavity within the component. The cavity immediately adjoins the edge at which the drops form. As a result, air currents are shielded, which could expel the drop laterally in free fall.
  • the drops are detected by a measuring device comprising a transmitter and a receiver.
  • the measuring device is designed as a light barrier.
  • the light barrier is positioned so that all falling drops traverse the light path between the transmitter and the receiver.
  • the drops pass the light path in the middle.
  • the light barrier is a system in which a transmitter emits electromagnetic radiation whose wavelength range is preferably within the visible light spectrum. Alternatively, however, infrared radiation or light in the non-visible UV range can be emitted.
  • a light emitting diode or a laser diode is used as the transmitter.
  • a phototransistor or a photodiode is used, which detects the radiation emitted by the light emitter.
  • transmitter and receiver are arranged within the component with an optical alignment to each other. If a drop crosses the beam between transmitter and receiver, the detected light energy is reduced. The following effects are responsible for this:
  • control device The signals detected by the receiver are evaluated by means of a control device.
  • the term control device is used for devices which only the Auswer tion of signals, as well as for devices soft additional or alternati sizes vary.
  • the control device may be a device integrated into the measuring device or a separate device. It is also possible, for example, to use a programmable logic controller (PLC) or a microcontroller sheath as a control device.
  • PLC programmable logic controller
  • microcontroller sheath as a control device.
  • the control device limit value of the signal strength is exceeded. If this limit value is undershot, the control device registers a drop.
  • the device according to the invention serves to detect leakage in shaft seals, in particular of mechanical seals, as used in centrifugal pumps. Since these are also used in industrial plants with an increased concentration of dirt particles, the signal strength detected at the receiver can decrease with increasing operating time due to signs of contamination. Furthermore, temperature fluctuations and wear on the transmitter or receiver affect the measurements. If the signal strength falls below a threshold, a drop is registered.
  • the limit value is adapted to a stepwise decrease in the signal detected by the receiver, in particular due to progressive signs of contamination and / or wear. By this adjustment of the limit, the controller expects a creeping pollution out.
  • the signals emitted by the transmitter are varied by the control device.
  • the transmitter emits pulsed signals. This can reduce the sensitivity to interference.
  • transmitter and receiver have an optical aperture optimized for the droplet size.
  • the aperture is chosen so that the aperture of the transmitter and receiver openings is smaller than the vertical drop height and the horizontal drop thickness. Aperture is the free opening or its diameter through which rays are emitted or received.
  • FIG. 7 shows a sectional view of a centrifugal pump with a mechanical seal, an enlarged view of the area of the centrifugal pump, in which the component is arranged for leakage detection, a perspective view of a component for leakage detection, a perspective sectional view of a component for leakage detection, a schematic representation of a measuring device at the time before detection of a drop, a schematic representation of a measuring device at the time during detection of a drop, Fig. 7 diagrams for the evaluation of the signals.
  • Fig. 1 shows a centrifugal pump with an impeller 1, which is driven by a shaft 2.
  • the shaft 2 is rotated by a motor, not shown here in rotation.
  • the impeller 1 is surrounded by a housing 4.
  • the housing 4 has a suction nozzle 5.
  • a housing part 6 is arranged through which the shaft 2 is guided.
  • the housing part 6 in the exemplary embodiment is a housing cover.
  • a shaft seal 7 ensures the sealing of the shaft passage 8.
  • the shaft seal 7 is designed as a mechanical seal.
  • the shaft seal 7 is located on the inside of the housing part 6.
  • a component 9 is arranged on the passage bushing 8.
  • the component 9 is surrounded by the lantern of the bearing carrier 10, in the exemplary embodiment, the shaft 2 is supported by means of radial bearings 11 on the bearing lantern 10.
  • FIG. 2 shows an enlarged view of the region of the shaft bushing 8 on which the component 9 is placed.
  • the shaft 2 is guided by the housing part 6.
  • the component 9 is, as shown in Fig. 1, shown only schematically.
  • An acrylic seal ensures a gap-free seal between the housing part 6 and the component 9.
  • the component 9 is fixed.
  • the component 9 is fastened by means of two screws on the housing part 6.
  • sealing surfaces of the shaft seal 7 slide on one another, which are pressed against each other by hydraulic or mechanical forces. During operation, it can lead to signs of wear and damage, so that fluid exits at the shaft passage 8. In this case, the fluid in the device according to the invention enters the component 9.
  • Figures 3 and 4 show a perspective view of the component 9, wherein in Fig. 4 is a vertically sectioned view of the component 9 is shown.
  • the component 9 has a circular opening 12 which surrounds the shaft 2.
  • the escaping fluid flows through a funnel-like region 13 within gravity. half of the component 9 down.
  • drops form which are detected in a fall section 15 by a measuring device 16.
  • the measuring device 16 is shown in FIGS. 5 and 6.
  • Figures 3 and 4 show the direction of a signal emitted by the measuring device 16 as a dash-dot line.
  • a light beam is indicated by the dash-dot line. If a drop crosses the light beam, it is registered by the light receiver.
  • the device according to the invention can be detected by the targeted drop formation and small amounts of leaking fluid.
  • the drop formation takes place at the point 14.
  • the point 14 is an edge in the exemplary embodiment.
  • the edge forms the transition of the funnel-like region 13 to the drop section 15.
  • the drop section 15 is formed as a cavity in the component 9.
  • the fluid runs down the funnel-like region 13 as far as the edge, where droplets are forced through the material return.
  • FIG. 3 shows that the component 9 consists of a lower segment 17 and an upper segment 18. Both segments 17, 18 have a semicircular recess. After assembly of the two segments 17, 18, the circular opening 12, which surrounds the shaft 2 forms. The two segments 17, 18 are connected by means of two screws at the points 19, 20 into one unit. The component 9 itself is in turn secured by two screws at the points 21, 22 on the housing part 6, through which the shaft 2 is guided.
  • FIGS 5 and 6 show a schematic representation of the measuring device 16, which detects the drops.
  • the measuring device 16 consists of a transmitter 23 and a receiver 24.
  • the measuring device 16 is designed as a light barrier. If a drop of liquid crosses the light beam between transmitter 23 and receiver 24, the signal strength that is detected at receiver 24 decreases.
  • Transmitter 23 and receiver 24 are preferably arranged in the component 9, on opposite sides of the drop section 15. The transmitter 23 emits pulsed Signals. The drop passes the light path between transmitter 23 and receiver 24 almost in the middle.
  • Fig. 7 shows two diagrams for evaluating the signals.
  • the signal strength E detected at the receiver is plotted over the time t as a solid line.
  • the signal strength is the intensity of the detected light beams. If a drop occurs between transmitter 23 and receiver 24, the signal strength E decreases steeply and falls below a limit value, which is shown in the diagram as a dashed line. After the drop has passed the light path, the signal strength E increases again and approximately reaches its original value.
  • a control device which evaluates the signals of the measuring device 16, registers the undershooting of the limit value and outputs an electrical output signal A, corresponding to the lower diagram.
  • the period ⁇ has t he eignis. while the signal strength E falls below the limit, be greater than a stored in the controller time period .DELTA.t m j n .
  • the control device carries out an auto-adaptation of the limit value.
  • the control device adjusts the limit value to the stepwise decrease of the detected signal. With this adaptation, the distance between signal strength and limit value ⁇ E remains constant.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Examining Or Testing Airtightness (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un dispositif conçu pour détecter une fuite sur des joints d'arbres (7). Le dispositif comporte un appareil de mesure (16) détectant du fluide sortant. Un composant (9) est disposé sur un passage d'arbre (8), le composant guidant du fluide sortant vers une zone (14) où se forment des gouttes. Les gouttes sont détectées par l'appareil de mesure (16) dans une trajectoire de chute (15).
PCT/EP2012/056298 2011-06-22 2012-04-05 Détection de fuite sur des joints d'arbres WO2012175231A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102011078014 2011-06-22
DE102011078014.9 2011-06-22

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2012175231A1 true WO2012175231A1 (fr) 2012-12-27

Family

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/EP2012/056298 WO2012175231A1 (fr) 2011-06-22 2012-04-05 Détection de fuite sur des joints d'arbres

Country Status (1)

Country Link
WO (1) WO2012175231A1 (fr)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106762708A (zh) * 2016-11-18 2017-05-31 江苏大学 一种泵用轴向力最大值测量装置及测量方法
CN108138958A (zh) * 2015-09-17 2018-06-08 Ksb股份有限公司 轴密封系统和带有这样的轴密封系统的泵组件
WO2022122354A1 (fr) * 2020-12-07 2022-06-16 Eagleburgmann Germany Gmbh & Co.Kg Ensemble garniture d'étanchéité mécanique à détection de saleté

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20030015840A1 (en) 2001-07-20 2003-01-23 Davis Duane J. Mechanical seal leak detector
EP1621863A2 (fr) * 2004-07-26 2006-02-01 Carl Freudenberg KG Dispositif de détection d'une fuite
EP1625375B1 (fr) 2003-05-16 2006-11-29 KSB Aktiengesellschaft Dispositif de surveillance pour des systemes d'acheminement de liquide
DE10314923B4 (de) 2003-04-01 2007-03-22 Carl Freudenberg Kg Einrichtung zur Erfassung einer Leckage

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20030015840A1 (en) 2001-07-20 2003-01-23 Davis Duane J. Mechanical seal leak detector
DE10314923B4 (de) 2003-04-01 2007-03-22 Carl Freudenberg Kg Einrichtung zur Erfassung einer Leckage
EP1625375B1 (fr) 2003-05-16 2006-11-29 KSB Aktiengesellschaft Dispositif de surveillance pour des systemes d'acheminement de liquide
EP1621863A2 (fr) * 2004-07-26 2006-02-01 Carl Freudenberg KG Dispositif de détection d'une fuite

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108138958A (zh) * 2015-09-17 2018-06-08 Ksb股份有限公司 轴密封系统和带有这样的轴密封系统的泵组件
CN108138958B (zh) * 2015-09-17 2021-04-06 Ksb股份有限公司 轴密封系统和带有这样的轴密封系统的泵组件
CN106762708A (zh) * 2016-11-18 2017-05-31 江苏大学 一种泵用轴向力最大值测量装置及测量方法
WO2022122354A1 (fr) * 2020-12-07 2022-06-16 Eagleburgmann Germany Gmbh & Co.Kg Ensemble garniture d'étanchéité mécanique à détection de saleté

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