WO2012163011A1 - Procédé de décodage et dispositif d'un système mimo - Google Patents

Procédé de décodage et dispositif d'un système mimo Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2012163011A1
WO2012163011A1 PCT/CN2011/080940 CN2011080940W WO2012163011A1 WO 2012163011 A1 WO2012163011 A1 WO 2012163011A1 CN 2011080940 W CN2011080940 W CN 2011080940W WO 2012163011 A1 WO2012163011 A1 WO 2012163011A1
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Prior art keywords
dist
transmitting terminal
modulation symbol
error
transmitted
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PCT/CN2011/080940
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English (en)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
李希
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中兴通讯股份有限公司
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Publication of WO2012163011A1 publication Critical patent/WO2012163011A1/fr

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L25/00—Baseband systems
    • H04L25/02—Details ; arrangements for supplying electrical power along data transmission lines
    • H04L25/03—Shaping networks in transmitter or receiver, e.g. adaptive shaping networks
    • H04L25/03891—Spatial equalizers

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of communications technologies, and in particular, to a decoding method and apparatus for a MIMO (Multiple Input Multiple-Output) system.
  • MIMO Multiple Input Multiple-Output
  • Multi-antenna transmission technology plays an important role in improving the capacity and reliability of wireless communication systems.
  • Distributed access methods are also the hotspot of high-speed packet transmission research.
  • the transmission signal is simultaneously transmitted and received by multiple antennas, and the wireless channel between the transmitting end and the receiving end is changed into a MIMO system by a conventional SISO (Single-Input Single-Out-put) system, and the communication system is It has space resources other than traditional time, frequency, and code channel resources.
  • SISO Single-Input Single-Out-put
  • Theoretical studies have shown that the MIMO channel is a superposition of multiple SISO channels, and its capacity is proportional to min(A ⁇ , N), where N R is the number of transmitting and receiving antennas, respectively.
  • MIMO systems provide a huge potential for improving the information throughput of wireless networks, expanding coverage areas, and improving transmission quality.
  • MIMO technology can generate independent parallel channels in space to simultaneously transmit multiple data streams, thus effectively increasing the transmission rate of the system, that is, increasing the capacity and spectrum utilization of the communication system without increasing the system bandwidth.
  • the MIMO-OFDM (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing) system combines the advantages of OFDM technology and MIMO technology and has great potential in improving the transmission rate and reliability of wireless links.
  • Detection and decoding techniques in MIMO-OFDM systems are also a hot topic of research. Due to the simultaneous transmission of multiple antennas, there is co-channel interference.
  • the advantages and disadvantages of the receiver's detection technology and the complexity directly affect the performance and application prospects of the system.
  • the receiver with the maximum likelihood detection algorithm (ML/MAP) can achieve optimal performance, but the complexity is too high.
  • the current hardware processing can The force can not meet the computing requirements, and can only be applied when the number of antennas and the modulation order are small.
  • Linear receiving methods (such as zero-forcing detection algorithm ZF, minimum mean square error detection algorithm MMSE) have low complexity but poor performance, and there are interference cancellation algorithms and spherical decoding algorithms between ML and linear reception.
  • the interference cancellation algorithm needs to subtract the first detected data portion from the received signal, so there is a phenomenon of error propagation, and the performance is affected by the interference cancellation order.
  • the sphere decoding algorithm is a simplification of the maximum likelihood algorithm.
  • an object of the present invention is to provide a decoding method and apparatus for a MIMO system to optimize the problem that the complexity of the existing decoding method is too high.
  • the present invention provides a decoding method for a MIMO system, including:
  • the modulation symbols r received by the system, the terminal calculates the current transmission modulation symbols transmitted modulation symbols ⁇ projected on another 3 ⁇ 4 of the transmission the transmitting terminal;
  • the calculating the projection of the modulation symbol transmitted by the current transmitting terminal on the modulation symbol transmitted by the other transmitting terminal is:
  • the projection of the modulation symbol transmitted by the modulation symbol transmitted on the current transmitting terminal on the other transmitting terminal is calculated by the following formula:
  • /3 ⁇ 4 denotes the channel response of the above other transmitting terminal, indicating a conjugate transpose of /3 ⁇ 4, and 11/3 ⁇ 4 11 2 is the modulus of /3 ⁇ 4.
  • the above calculation of the modulation symbol transmitted by the current transmitting terminal ⁇ on the modulation symbol transmitted by the other transmitting terminal is:
  • the modulation symbol transmitted on the current transmitting terminal is calculated by the following formula ⁇ Projection of modulation symbols transmitted on a transmitting terminal:
  • /3 ⁇ 4 represents the channel response of the other transmitting terminal, indicating a conjugate transpose of /3 ⁇ 4.
  • the above-described real part ⁇ 2 ⁇ and imaginary part ⁇ 2 ⁇ are estimated by the following formula:
  • the real part 2 ⁇ and the imaginary part 2 e of the pair are quantitatively estimated, and an estimated value of the real part 2 ⁇ and the imaginary part 2 e is obtained, where e is:
  • the error D between the estimated value of the above modulation symbol ⁇ and the actual value is calculated by the following formula:
  • ⁇ represents the modulation symbol transmitted by the current transmitting terminal
  • /3 ⁇ 4 indicates the current transmission A channel response of the terminal, indicating a modulation symbol transmitted by the another transmitting terminal, indicating a channel response of the another transmitting terminal.
  • the method further comprises: initializing the values of the elements in the minimum errors min_dist_0[k] and min_dist_l[k] to positive infinity when the system is initialized.
  • the minimum error min_dist_0[k] and min_dist_l [k] between the estimated value and the actual value of the modulation symbol ⁇ are updated according to the error D described above:
  • the log likelihood ratio of each bit of the modulation symbol ⁇ transmitted by the current transmitting terminal is calculated by the following formula:
  • LLR ⁇ represents the log likelihood ratio of the kth bit of the modulation symbol transmitted by the current transmitting terminal.
  • the present invention also provides a decoding apparatus for a MIMO system, comprising: a projection module, an estimation module, a mapping module, an error calculation module, a minimum error update module, and a log likelihood ratio calculation module, wherein the projection module is configured to receive according to a system modulation symbols r, the transmitting terminal calculates the current modulation symbol transmitted on a projection ⁇ modulation symbols transmitted to another transmitting terminal of 3 ⁇ 4;
  • e is quantized estimates, obtained in the above 2> ⁇ real part and an imaginary part 2, e estimate 3 ⁇ 4 ⁇ , s 2>e;
  • mapping module configured above 3 ⁇ 4 ⁇ , 3 ⁇ 4e constellation mapping, modulation symbols 3 ⁇ 4 obtain the position in the constellation diagram
  • the above error calculation module is configured for the modulation symbol 3 ⁇ 4 obtained according to the above estimation in the constellation diagram Position, calculating an error D between the estimated value of the modulation symbol ⁇ and the actual value;
  • the minimum error update module is configured to update a minimum error min_dist_0[k] and min_dist_l [k] between the estimated value and the actual value of the modulation symbol ⁇ according to the error D, wherein k represents a k-th bit of the modulation symbol ;
  • the log likelihood ratio calculation module is configured to calculate a log likelihood ratio of each bit of the modulation symbol ⁇ transmitted by the current transmitting terminal according to the minimum errors min_dist_0[k] and min_dist_l [k], and obtain a decoding result. .
  • the apparatus further includes an initialization module, configured to initialize the values of the elements in the minimum errors min_dist_0[k] and min_dist_l[k] to positive infinity when the MIMO system is initialized.
  • an initialization module configured to initialize the values of the elements in the minimum errors min_dist_0[k] and min_dist_l[k] to positive infinity when the MIMO system is initialized.
  • the projector module further configured to mold the channel response calculation the other terminal of the transmitting / 3 ⁇ 4 square 11 / 3 ⁇ 411 2, another transmitting terminal calculates the channel response / 3 ⁇ 4 of calculating the conjugate transpose of h 2 H a product of the modulation symbol r received by the above system and calculating a product of the above-mentioned channel response with the current transmitting terminal;
  • the above estimation module is further configured to calculate a modulus ⁇ h 2 ⁇ 2 of the channel response of the another transmitting terminal; calculate an intermediate estimated value of the real part 2 ⁇ , and calculate an intermediate estimated value of the imaginary part 2 ⁇ And determining whether the above is less than -211 h 2 II 2 , and when the above is less than -211 h 2 II 2 , the above estimated value 3 ⁇ 4 is equal to 0, and when the above is greater than or equal to -211 II 2 , determining whether the above s is If the value is less than 0, and the above-mentioned less than 0, the above estimated value is equal to 1, and when the above is greater than or equal to 0, it is judged whether the above is less than 211 h 2 II 2 , and when the above is less than 211 h 2 II 2 , the above estimated value is obtained.
  • the invention optimizes the problem that the complexity of the traditional MAP algorithm is too high, and the decoded result calculated by the invention is equivalent to soft demodulation soft information, and can be directly used for decoding without demodulation, for multi-antenna, high-order and low The order modulation has a good decoding effect.
  • FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a preferred embodiment of a decoding method of a MIMO system of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a 16QAM constellation
  • 3 is a schematic diagram of a constellation of estimated modulation symbols
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic block diagram of a preferred embodiment of a decoding apparatus for a MIMO system of the present invention. detailed description
  • the basic idea of the present invention is: calculating, according to the modulation symbol r received by the system, a projection of the modulation symbol transmitted by the current transmitting terminal on the modulation symbol 3 ⁇ 4 transmitted by the other transmitting terminal; 2 ⁇ real part and an imaginary part 2 ⁇ -described quantizing estimation to obtain an estimated value of 2 ⁇ 3 ⁇ 4 of the real part and the imaginary part of the 2 ⁇ , 'e; the 3 ⁇ 4,' e constellation mapping, modulation symbols obtained 3 ⁇ 4 of the position in the constellation diagram; D based on the estimated error between the obtained position of the modulation symbols in the constellation, the modulation symbols ⁇ calculating estimated and actual values; D according to the error, update the a minimum error min_dist_0[k] and min_dist_l[k] between the estimated value of the modulation symbol ⁇ and the actual value, where k represents the kth bit of the modulation symbol; according to the minimum error min_dist_0[k] and min_dist_l[k] And calculating a log
  • FIG. 1 it is a flowchart of a preferred embodiment of the decoding method of the MIMO system of the present invention.
  • 16QAM is taken as an example, and a constellation diagram thereof is shown in FIG. 2 , where 0. 0 3 0 2 represents 4 bits corresponding to each modulation symbol in the 16QAM constellation, c is a normalization factor, and 16 modulation symbols are respectively marked as ( ⁇ , ⁇ 2 , ⁇ , C 16 , because In the invention, it does not matter how the modulation symbol mark and the modulation symbol correspond, so the specific positions of the 16 modulation symbols are not shown in the figure. Each modulation symbol has 4 bits. Assuming that the MIMO system has an NRX root receiving antenna, the system model as follows:
  • r 1 , r 1 ... r i ⁇ represent the modulation symbols received by the antenna of the MIMO system; ⁇ represents the modulation symbol transmitted by one transmitting terminal of the MIMO system, indicating the channel of the transmitting terminal at the receiving antenna NRX Response; represents a modulation symbol transmitted by another transmitting terminal of the MIMO system, h N , 2 represents a channel response of the transmitting terminal at the receiving antenna NRX; The noise of the antenna of the MIMO system is received.
  • n [n l , n 2 , - - - n NR ⁇ ] T
  • r denotes a modulation symbol received by the MIMO system
  • ⁇ denotes a modulation symbol transmitted by a transmitting terminal of the MIMO system, Representing the channel response of the transmitting terminal; representing the modulation symbol transmitted by another transmitting terminal of the MIMO system, s 2 e 3 ⁇ 4 ⁇ 2 , . . . , ⁇ 6 ⁇ , /3 ⁇ 4 indicating the channel response of the transmitting terminal; ⁇ indicating noise.
  • the embodiment includes the following steps:
  • Step S001 Initialize the minimum errors min_dist_0[k] and min_dist_l[k] between the estimated value and the actual value of the modulation symbol ⁇ transmitted by the current transmitting terminal, and set the value of each element to positive infinity, that is:
  • Min_dist_l[k] + oc
  • Step S002 The modulation symbol r received by the system calculates the current transmission modulation symbols transmitted by the terminal on a projection of ⁇ another transmit modulation symbols transmitted 3 ⁇ 4 of the terminal;
  • the step specifically includes:
  • Step S10 Calculate the module II h 2 II 2 of the channel response of the other transmitting terminal and save it;
  • Step S11 Calculate the conjugate transpose/ ⁇ of the channel response of the other transmitting terminal and save it;
  • Step S13 Calculate the product B of the channel response/3 ⁇ 4 of the current transmitting terminal and save it;
  • Step S14 According to the module response II/3 ⁇ 4 II 2 of the channel response of the other transmitting terminal, the above and the above A and B, calculate the modulation symbol transmitted by the current transmitting terminal and transmit at another transmitting terminal by the following formula Projection on the modulation symbol 3 ⁇ 4 :
  • /3 ⁇ 4 denotes the channel response of the above other transmitting terminal, indicating a conjugate transpose of /3 ⁇ 4, and 11/3 ⁇ 4 11 2 is the modulus of /3 ⁇ 4.
  • a complex multiplication, a complex subtraction, and a division of the real multiple are performed at a time to obtain a corresponding projection.
  • the step specifically includes:
  • Step S10 Calculate the conjugate transpose / ⁇ of the channel response of the other transmitting terminal and save it;
  • Step Sir calculate the product A of the above / ⁇ and the modulation symbol r received by the above system and save it;
  • Step S12 calculating a product B of the above-mentioned / / channel response / 3 ⁇ 4 of the current transmitting terminal and saving;
  • Step S13 calculating, according to the above / ⁇ and A, B, the projection of the modulation symbol transmitted by the current transmitting terminal on the modulation symbol 3 ⁇ 4 transmitted by the other transmitting terminal by the following formula:
  • /3 ⁇ 4 represents the channel response of the other transmitting terminal, indicating a conjugate transpose of /3 ⁇ 4.
  • the second embodiment only needs to perform complex multiplication, one complex subtraction and one complex multiplication with real numbers for different modulation symbols to obtain corresponding projections.
  • Step S003 performing quantitative estimation on the real part 2 ⁇ and the imaginary part 2e described above, and obtaining an estimated value of the real part and the imaginary part 2 e , e ;
  • step S002 calculates a current transmit modulation symbols transmitted terminal ⁇ projected onto modulation symbols in another transmission 3 ⁇ 4 of the transmitting terminal in step S002 employed in this step by the steps of the above-described real part and an imaginary part s ⁇ 2J 2 , e to estimate:
  • Step S20 Calculate the intermediate estimate of the real part above according to the following formula:
  • Step S21 Calculate the intermediate estimated value s e of the imaginary part 2 ⁇ described above according to the following formula:
  • Step S22 According to the above s, Calculating an estimated value of the real part and the imaginary 2 ⁇ portions of the 3 ⁇ 4 ⁇ s ⁇ 2, Q by the following equation estimates 3 ⁇ 4e
  • the step is performed by the following steps.
  • the actual part 2> ⁇ and imaginary part 2 , ⁇ are estimated:
  • Step S20 Calculate the module II II 2 of the channel response of the other transmitting terminal and save it;
  • Step S21 Calculate the intermediate estimated value of the real part according to the following formula:
  • Step S23 determining whether the above is less than ⁇ ⁇ / ⁇ ⁇ 2 , and if so, executing step S24, otherwise, performing step S25;
  • Step S25 determining whether the above is less than 0, and if yes, executing step S26, otherwise, performing step S27;
  • Step S27 determining whether the above ⁇ is less than 2ll II 2 , and if so, executing step S28, otherwise, performing step S29;
  • Step S30 determining whether the above s e is less than ⁇ ⁇ / ⁇ ⁇ 2 , and if so, executing step S31, otherwise, performing step S32;
  • Step S32 respectively determining whether the above s e is less than 0, and if so, executing step S33, otherwise, performing step S34;
  • Step S004 the above ⁇ , e constellation mapping, modulation symbols 3 ⁇ 4 obtain the position in the constellation diagram;
  • FIG. 3 it is a constellation diagram of the estimated modulation symbol, and the I path is the horizontal axis.
  • the 3 ⁇ 4 map represents the real part of the modulation symbol
  • the Q path is the vertical axis
  • the e- map represents the imaginary part of the modulation symbol s.
  • s 2i l
  • s 2e 3
  • the estimated modulation symbol is mapped to point 0 in the upper left corner of the second quadrant in the figure.
  • Step S005 calculating an error D between the estimated value and the actual value of the modulation symbol ⁇ according to the position of the modulation symbol 3 ⁇ 4 obtained in the constellation diagram;
  • ⁇ represents the modulation symbol transmitted by the current transmitting terminal
  • /3 ⁇ 4 represents the channel response of the current transmitting terminal
  • Step S006 Update the minimum errors min_dist_0[k] and min_dist_l[k] between the estimated value and the actual value of the modulation symbol ⁇ according to the distance D, where k represents the kth bit of the modulation symbol;
  • This step is specifically as follows:
  • Step S0064 Do not update min_dist_0[k];
  • Step S0065 determining whether the error D is smaller than min_dist_l [k], if yes, executing step S0066, otherwise, performing step S0067;
  • Step S0067 Min_dist_l [k] is not updated.
  • Step S007 Calculate a log likelihood ratio of each bit of the modulation symbol ⁇ transmitted by the current transmitting terminal according to the minimum errors min_dist_0[k] and min_dist_l [k] to obtain a decoding result.
  • the log likelihood ratio of each bit of the modulation symbol ⁇ transmitted by the current transmitting terminal is calculated by the following formula:
  • LLI ⁇ k represents the log likelihood ratio of the kth bit of the modulation symbol transmitted by the current transmitting terminal.
  • the decoding apparatus includes a projection module 02, an estimation module 03, a mapping module 04, an error calculation module 05, and a minimum error update.
  • a module 06 and a log likelihood ratio calculation module 07 wherein the initialization module 01 is configured to initialize the values of the elements in the minimum errors min_dist_0[k] and min_dist_l[k] to positive infinity when the MIMO system is initialized;
  • a projection module 02 configured to calculate and calculate a channel II II 2 of a channel response of the another transmitting terminal according to the modulation symbol r received by the system, and calculate a channel response of the another transmitting terminal/conjugate conjugate transposition / ⁇ and save, calculate the above / ⁇ product of the modulation symbol r received by the above system and save and calculate the above-mentioned product of the channel response / 3 ⁇ 4 of the current transmitting terminal and save, and according to the channel response of the other transmitting terminal /3 ⁇ 4 of the square II /3 ⁇ 4 II 2 , the product of the above-mentioned modulation symbol r received by the above system and the above / ⁇ and the channel of the current transmitting terminal Calculating the projection of the modulation symbol transmitted by the current transmitting terminal on the modulation symbol transmitted by the other transmitting terminal, or the product of the modulation symbol r received by the above system and the above-mentioned / ⁇ and the current current channel response transmitting terminal / 3 ⁇ 4 product, calculates
  • the mapping module 04 is configured to perform constellation mapping on the above i and e to obtain a position of the modulation symbol 3 ⁇ 4 in the constellation diagram;
  • the error calculation module 05 is configured to calculate an error D between the estimated value of the modulation symbol and the actual value according to the position of the modulation symbol 3 ⁇ 4 in the constellation diagram obtained by the above estimation;
  • the log likelihood ratio calculation module 07 is configured to calculate a log likelihood ratio of each bit of the modulation symbol ⁇ transmitted by the current transmitting terminal according to the minimum errors min_dist_0[k] and min_dist_l [k], and obtain a decoding result. .

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  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
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Abstract

La présente invention se rapporte à un procédé de décodage et à un dispositif d'un système MIMO. Le procédé selon l'invention consiste : à calculer, sur la base d'un symbole de modulation r reçu par un système, une projection [Symbole 1] d'un symbole de modulation s 1 transmis par un terminal actuellement en cours de transmission, sur un symbole de modulation s 2 transmis par un autre terminal de transmission; à réaliser une estimation quantitative sur une partie réelle [Symbole 2] et sur une partie imaginaire [Symbole 3] du [Symbole 1], dans le but d'obtenir des valeurs estimées s 2,I et s 2,Q de la partie réelle [Symbole 2] et de la partie imaginaire [Symbole 3] du [Symbole 1]; à réaliser un mappage en constellation sur les valeurs estimées s 2,I et s 2,Q dans le but d'obtenir une position du symbole de modulation s 2 dans un graphique de constellation; à calculer, sur la base de la position du symbole de modulation s 2 , une erreur D d'une valeur estimée et d'une valeur réelle du symbole de modulation s 1 ; à mettre à jour, sur la base de l'erreur D, des erreurs minimales min_dist_0[k] et min_dist_1[k] entre la valeur estimée et la valeur réelle du symbole de modulation s 1 ; et à calculer, sur la base des erreurs min_dist_0[k] et min_dist_1[k], un rapport de vraisemblance logarithmique de chaque bit du symbole de modulation s 1 dans le but d'obtenir un résultat du décodage. La solution technique de la présente invention est apte à réduire la complexité du décodage.
PCT/CN2011/080940 2011-06-03 2011-10-18 Procédé de décodage et dispositif d'un système mimo WO2012163011A1 (fr)

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Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1855797A (zh) * 2005-03-22 2006-11-01 三星电子株式会社 在多进多出通信系统中检测并解码信号的方法
CN1977486A (zh) * 2004-06-30 2007-06-06 皇家飞利浦电子股份有限公司 用于多输出无线通信系统中最大似然译码的系统和方法
CN101150379A (zh) * 2007-09-26 2008-03-26 山东大学 一种准正交空时分组码的低复杂度译码方法

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2005109679A1 (fr) * 2004-05-07 2005-11-17 Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. Appareil et procede pour le codage/decodage d'un code de bloc-temps dans un systeme de communication mobile utilisant un schema d'entrees et de sorties multiples
TW201025894A (en) * 2006-02-10 2010-07-01 Interdigital Tech Corp Method and apparatus for performing uplink transmission in a multiple-input multiple-output single carrier frequency division multiple access system

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CN1977486A (zh) * 2004-06-30 2007-06-06 皇家飞利浦电子股份有限公司 用于多输出无线通信系统中最大似然译码的系统和方法
CN1855797A (zh) * 2005-03-22 2006-11-01 三星电子株式会社 在多进多出通信系统中检测并解码信号的方法
CN101150379A (zh) * 2007-09-26 2008-03-26 山东大学 一种准正交空时分组码的低复杂度译码方法

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