WO2012155599A1 - High-efficiency internal-combustion engine - Google Patents

High-efficiency internal-combustion engine Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2012155599A1
WO2012155599A1 PCT/CN2012/071778 CN2012071778W WO2012155599A1 WO 2012155599 A1 WO2012155599 A1 WO 2012155599A1 CN 2012071778 W CN2012071778 W CN 2012071778W WO 2012155599 A1 WO2012155599 A1 WO 2012155599A1
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Prior art keywords
water
water spray
piston
combustion engine
internal combustion
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PCT/CN2012/071778
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French (fr)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
麦镇荣
Original Assignee
申云华
林建超
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Publication of WO2012155599A1 publication Critical patent/WO2012155599A1/en

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M25/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding non-fuel substances or small quantities of secondary fuel to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture
    • F02M25/022—Adding fuel and water emulsion, water or steam
    • F02M25/025—Adding water
    • F02M25/03—Adding water into the cylinder or the pre-combustion chamber
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an engine, in particular to a high efficiency internal combustion engine.
  • the main body of the internal combustion engine is a cylinder block, and the upper port of the cylinder block is covered by a cylinder head.
  • the cylinder body is provided with a piston, and the piston reciprocates between the top dead center of the movement and the bottom dead center of the movement.
  • the reciprocating motion of the piston is divided into four processes: intake, compression, explosion work and exhaust:
  • Intake ie inhalation
  • the control device controls the fuel injection device to inject oil from the injector.
  • the fuel injector can be disposed on the cylinder head to directly inject oil into the cylinder body, or can be disposed in the air inlet passage, so that the sprayed oil mist enters the cylinder body together with the air.
  • the piston closes the air inlet when moving up from the bottom dead center. During the movement of the piston from the bottom dead center upward to the top dead center, the intake and exhaust valves are closed.
  • the piston opens the exhaust port when moving up from the bottom dead center.
  • the piston moves upward from the bottom dead center to the top dead center.
  • the valve of the intake port is closed, and the valve of the exhaust port is opened, and the exhaust gas generated by the combustion explosion of the mixed combustion body is discharged.
  • the chamber between the top dead center of the piston movement and the cylinder head is a combustion chamber, and the chamber between the bottom dead center of the piston movement and the cylinder head is an intake chamber (including a combustion chamber); the ratio of the intake chamber to the combustion chamber For compression ratio.
  • the compression ratio is an important indicator of the internal combustion engine.
  • the larger the compression ratio the greater the density of the mixed gas in the combustion chamber before ignition.
  • the combustion can be more complete, the fuel utilization is higher, and the energy consumption is lower.
  • the exhaust emissions are also lower, and on the other hand, the power output of the engine is larger, so those skilled in the art have been hoping to improve the above-mentioned various indexes of the engine by increasing the compression ratio of the internal combustion engine.
  • the mixture of air and atomized gasoline in the cylinder will rise sharply during the compression process, if the compression ratio is too high, the mixed gas has reached the autoignition temperature before ignition and detonated in advance, causing knocking. Damage to the engine.
  • the prior art mainly avoids the occurrence of deflagration by reducing the density of oil and gas in the combustion chamber, or by lowering the oil supply temperature, such as cooling the temperature of the combustion chamber by means of oil cooling.
  • the compression ratio of the gasoline internal combustion engine can now reach 9.5 to 10.6, and the compression ratio of the diesel internal combustion engine reaches 18 to 22, but if the compression ratio is continuously increased, deflagration may still occur. It is an object of the present invention to provide a high efficiency internal combustion engine that improves fuel utilization and increases output power by spraying water.
  • the high-efficiency internal combustion engine includes a cylinder block, and the upper port of the cylinder block is covered by a cylinder head, and the cylinder block or the cylinder head is provided with an air inlet device, an exhaust device and a fuel injection device, which are electrically connected to the cylinder body cavity, and the cylinder body There is also a piston for reciprocating motion, and at least a water spray device for atomizing water and introducing atomized water into the cylinder block, and a control device for controlling the water spray device to open and close and adjust the water spray amount The control device controls the water spray device to spray the atomized water when the piston performs the inhalation movement and the fuel injection device performs the fuel injection operation.
  • the temperature of the cylinder chamber can be instantly reduced, thereby increasing the amount of air sucked in and increasing the air density in the cylinder.
  • the more inhaled air can make the fuel burn more completely, improve the fuel utilization rate, thus reducing the fuel injection amount, thereby reducing energy consumption and reducing pollution; on the other hand, the more sucked air increases the cylinder when the explosion is done.
  • the amount of air involved in the expansion work, thereby increasing the output power of the engine.
  • the water spray action is preferably carried out after the fuel injection operation is completed.
  • a relatively simple water spray device utilizes a high pressure water spray nozzle to atomize and eject water, and the high pressure water spray nozzle can be disposed on the cylinder head or in the air flow passage of the air intake device.
  • the high-pressure water jet nozzle can atomize the water well, and the atomized water sprayed out has a good instantaneous cooling effect.
  • the control device controls the water spray device to make the suction movement of the piston and the suction stroke is 50% ⁇ 100%. Atomized water. If the control device controls the water spray device to make the suction movement of the piston and the suction stroke is 70% to 100% or even the suction stroke is 90% to 100%, it is better to spray the atomized water.
  • the temperature of the atomized water sprayed from the high pressure water jet nozzle is T > 0 °C, preferably T ⁇ l 0 °C, preferably T > 0 °C, T 5 °C.
  • the water spray amount of the water spray device can be adjusted according to the engine running condition.
  • the water spray quantity is not premise that the engine is turned off. Under normal circumstances, the water spray quantity is proportional to the volume of the engine.
  • the experiment shows that the water spray amount is per liter. 2 ⁇ 3 ⁇
  • the water volume of the engine volume is 0. 2 grams ⁇ 3 grams is better.
  • Figure number identification 1, cylinder; 2, piston; 3, cylinder head; 4, crank box; 5, fuel injector; 6, high pressure water nozzle; 7, air inlet; 8, exhaust port; Connecting rod; 10, crank.
  • Fig. 1 shows an embodiment of the present invention. It is a gasoline engine having four cylinders, each having a volume of 0.25 liter and a total engine volume of 1 liter.
  • the upper port of the cylinder block 1 is covered by a cylinder head 3
  • the injector head 5 of the fuel injection device is disposed at the center of the cylinder head 3
  • the water tank cap 3 next to the injector nozzle 5 is further provided with water spray.
  • the high pressure water nozzle 6 of the device, the opening and closing of the water spray device and the water spray amount adjustment are controlled by a control device, which also controls the opening and closing of the fuel injection device and the adjustment of the fuel injection amount, and the air inlet of the cylinder body 1 7 and the exhaust port 8 are opened on the cylinder head 3; the lower port of the cylinder block 1 is connected to the crank case 4, and the crank case 4 is provided with a crank link mechanism, and the crank link mechanism is composed of a crank 10 and a link 9 which are hinged to each other.
  • the cylinder 1 is fitted with a piston 2, and the piston 2 is hinged with the connecting rod 9.
  • the chamber between the top dead center A of the movement of the piston 2 and the cylinder head 3 is a combustion chamber, and the chamber between the bottom dead center B of the movement of the piston 2 and the cylinder head 3 is an intake chamber (including a combustion chamber).
  • the reciprocating motion of the piston 2 is divided into four processes of intake, compression, explosion work and exhaust:
  • the high-efficiency internal combustion engine is completely consistent with other structures and parameters. Compared with the engine that does not include the water spray device, it can save 20% ⁇ 30% of the fuel under different external conditions such as road conditions, and the output power can be increased by 15% ⁇ 25%.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Output Control And Ontrol Of Special Type Engine (AREA)
  • Combustion Methods Of Internal-Combustion Engines (AREA)

Abstract

Disclosed in the present invention is a high-efficiency internal-combustion engine comprises a cylinder body (1). The cylinder body (1) is provided with an air inlet device communicated with a cavity of the cylinder body, a fuel injection device and a piston (2) is reciprocating in the cylinder body. The engine also comprises a water injection device for atomizing water and importing the atomized water into the cavity of the cylinder body (1), and a control device for controlling the open and close of the water injection device and adjusting the water injection quantity. The control device controls the water injection device to spray the atomized water after the fuel injection of the fuel injection device is finished, when the piston (2) inhales the air. By adopting the measure of spraying the atomized water to a combustion chamber for cooling, the engine can effectively prevent the early detonation, the compression ratio of the engine is increased and the atomized water is increased heavily, so the power output of the engine is improved.

Description

高效内燃发动机  High efficiency internal combustion engine
(一） 技术领域：  (i) Technical areas:
本发明涉及发动机， 具体是一种高效内燃发动机。  The invention relates to an engine, in particular to a high efficiency internal combustion engine.
(二） 背景技术： (ii) Background technology:
内燃发动机主体为缸体， 缸体的上口由缸盖封盖， 缸体内设有活塞， 活塞在缸体内的运动上止点和运动下止点间往复运动。  The main body of the internal combustion engine is a cylinder block, and the upper port of the cylinder block is covered by a cylinder head. The cylinder body is provided with a piston, and the piston reciprocates between the top dead center of the movement and the bottom dead center of the movement.
活塞的往复运动分为进气、 压缩、 爆炸做功和排气四个过程：  The reciprocating motion of the piston is divided into four processes: intake, compression, explosion work and exhaust:
1、 进气 （即吸气）。 活塞自上止点向下运动时开启进气口， 关闭排气 口。 活塞自上止点向下运动至下止点的过程中， 进气口的气门处于开启状 态， 排气口的气门处于关闭状态。 当活塞作进气运动时， 控制装置控制喷 油装置从喷油嘴喷油。 喷油嘴可以设置于缸盖上直接向缸体内喷油， 也可 以设置于进气道中， 使喷出的油雾随空气一同进入到缸体内。  1. Intake (ie inhalation). When the piston moves downward from the top dead center, the air inlet is opened and the exhaust port is closed. During the downward movement of the piston from the top dead center to the bottom dead center, the valve of the intake port is in an open state, and the valve of the exhaust port is closed. When the piston is in the intake motion, the control device controls the fuel injection device to inject oil from the injector. The fuel injector can be disposed on the cylinder head to directly inject oil into the cylinder body, or can be disposed in the air inlet passage, so that the sprayed oil mist enters the cylinder body together with the air.
2、 压缩。 活塞自下止点向上运动时关闭进气口。 活塞自下止点向上 运动至上止点的过程中， 进气口气门和排气口气门均处于关闭状态。  2. Compression. The piston closes the air inlet when moving up from the bottom dead center. During the movement of the piston from the bottom dead center upward to the top dead center, the intake and exhaust valves are closed.
3、 爆炸做功。 活塞向上运动至上止点， 混合燃烧体于燃烧室内点燃， 混合燃烧体瞬间燃烧爆炸， 推动活塞向下止点运动输出功率。  3. Explosive work. The piston moves up to the top dead center, and the mixed combustion body ignites in the combustion chamber, and the mixed combustion body instantaneously ignites and explodes, pushing the piston to the bottom dead center to move the output power.
4、 排气。 活塞自下止点向上运动时开启排气口。 活塞自下止点向上 运动至上止点， 此时进气口的气门处于关闭状态， 排气口的气门处于开启 状态， 将混合燃烧体燃烧爆炸产生的废气排出。  4. Exhaust. The piston opens the exhaust port when moving up from the bottom dead center. The piston moves upward from the bottom dead center to the top dead center. At this time, the valve of the intake port is closed, and the valve of the exhaust port is opened, and the exhaust gas generated by the combustion explosion of the mixed combustion body is discharged.
活塞运动的上止点与缸盖之间的腔室为燃烧室，活塞运动的下止点与 缸盖之间的腔室为进气室（包括燃烧室）； 进气室与燃烧室之比为压缩比。  The chamber between the top dead center of the piston movement and the cylinder head is a combustion chamber, and the chamber between the bottom dead center of the piston movement and the cylinder head is an intake chamber (including a combustion chamber); the ratio of the intake chamber to the combustion chamber For compression ratio.
压缩比是内燃发动机的一个重要指标， 压缩比越大， 点火前燃烧室内 的混合气体的密度就越大， 燃烧时一方面可以使燃料燃烧更完全， 燃料利 用率更高、能耗更低，废气排放也更低，另一方面发动机的功率输出更大， 因此本领域的技术人员一直都希望通过提高内燃发动机的压缩比来改善 发动机的上述各项指标。但因为汽缸中的空气和雾化汽油的混合体在被压 缩的过程中温度会急剧升高， 因此， 如果压缩比太高， 在点火前混合气体 已达到自燃温度而提前爆燃， 发生爆震， 对发动机造成损坏。  The compression ratio is an important indicator of the internal combustion engine. The larger the compression ratio, the greater the density of the mixed gas in the combustion chamber before ignition. On the one hand, the combustion can be more complete, the fuel utilization is higher, and the energy consumption is lower. The exhaust emissions are also lower, and on the other hand, the power output of the engine is larger, so those skilled in the art have been hoping to improve the above-mentioned various indexes of the engine by increasing the compression ratio of the internal combustion engine. However, because the mixture of air and atomized gasoline in the cylinder will rise sharply during the compression process, if the compression ratio is too high, the mixed gas has reached the autoignition temperature before ignition and detonated in advance, causing knocking. Damage to the engine.
为解决上述问题， 现有技术主要是通过降低燃烧室内油气的密度， 或 者通过降低供油温度， 如用油料降温的方法来降低燃烧室的温度， 来避免 爆燃情况的发生。通过这两种方法现在可以使汽油内燃发动机的压缩比达 到 9.5〜10.6， 柴油内燃发动机的压缩比达到 18〜22， 但如果继续提高压缩 比， 则依然可能发生爆燃。 本发明目的是提供一种通过喷水提高燃料利用率和提高输出功率的 高效内燃发动机。 In order to solve the above problems, the prior art mainly avoids the occurrence of deflagration by reducing the density of oil and gas in the combustion chamber, or by lowering the oil supply temperature, such as cooling the temperature of the combustion chamber by means of oil cooling. Through these two methods, the compression ratio of the gasoline internal combustion engine can now reach 9.5 to 10.6, and the compression ratio of the diesel internal combustion engine reaches 18 to 22, but if the compression ratio is continuously increased, deflagration may still occur. It is an object of the present invention to provide a high efficiency internal combustion engine that improves fuel utilization and increases output power by spraying water.
高效内燃发动机， 包括缸体， 缸体的上口由缸盖封盖， 缸体或缸盖上 设有与缸体内腔导通的进气装置、 排气装置和喷油装置， 缸体内还设有做 往复运动的的活塞，且至少还包括一个可将水雾化且将雾化水导入缸体中 的喷水装置， 以及一个控制喷水装置启闭及调节喷水量的控制装置； 所述 控制装置控制喷水装置使之在活塞做吸气运动时、喷油装置喷油动作完毕 后喷出雾化水。  The high-efficiency internal combustion engine includes a cylinder block, and the upper port of the cylinder block is covered by a cylinder head, and the cylinder block or the cylinder head is provided with an air inlet device, an exhaust device and a fuel injection device, which are electrically connected to the cylinder body cavity, and the cylinder body There is also a piston for reciprocating motion, and at least a water spray device for atomizing water and introducing atomized water into the cylinder block, and a control device for controlling the water spray device to open and close and adjust the water spray amount The control device controls the water spray device to spray the atomized water when the piston performs the inhalation movement and the fuel injection device performs the fuel injection operation.
向缸体内腔中导入雾化水的作用：  The effect of introducing atomized water into the cylinder cavity:
1、 由于导入雾化水有制冷作用， 可瞬间降低缸体内腔的温度， 从而 提高吸入的空气量从而提高缸体内的空气密度。多吸进的空气一方面可以 使燃料燃烧更完全， 提高燃料利用率， 因此可以减少喷油量， 从而降低能 耗， 减少污染； 另一方面多吸进的空气增加了在爆炸做功时缸体内参与膨 胀做功的空气量， 从而增大了发动机的输出功率。  1. Since the introduction of atomized water has a cooling effect, the temperature of the cylinder chamber can be instantly reduced, thereby increasing the amount of air sucked in and increasing the air density in the cylinder. On the one hand, the more inhaled air can make the fuel burn more completely, improve the fuel utilization rate, thus reducing the fuel injection amount, thereby reducing energy consumption and reducing pollution; on the other hand, the more sucked air increases the cylinder when the explosion is done. The amount of air involved in the expansion work, thereby increasing the output power of the engine.
2、 由于导入雾化水， 压缩时随着缸体内温度的上升， 部分水珠开始 气化， 当爆炸做功时， 在高温作用下雾化水进一歩汽化， 气化水的体积急 剧膨胀， 进一歩加强发动机功率输出。  2. Due to the introduction of atomized water, as the temperature in the cylinder rises during compression, part of the water droplets begin to vaporize. When the explosion works, the atomized water vaporizes under high temperature, and the volume of the vaporized water expands rapidly. Further enhance the engine power output.
3、 由于导入雾化水时可给缸体内腔制冷， 且压缩时部分水珠的气化 过程也吸收缸内热量， 从而可以延缓压缩时缸体内温度的上升的速度， 因 此， 为设计更高压缩比的内燃机提供了空间。 压缩比的提高将进一歩提高 内燃机的效率和输出功率， 也将进一歩提高发动机的其他多项指标。  3. When the atomized water is introduced, the cylinder cavity can be cooled, and the gasification process of the water droplets during the compression also absorbs the heat in the cylinder, thereby delaying the temperature rise of the cylinder during compression, and therefore, for design A higher compression ratio internal combustion engine provides space. The increase in compression ratio will further improve the efficiency and output power of the internal combustion engine, and will further improve the engine's other indicators.
为了避免油雾和水雾相遇后使燃油乳化， 喷水动作最好在喷油动作完 成后进行。  In order to avoid emulsification of the fuel after the oil mist and water mist meet, the water spray action is preferably carried out after the fuel injection operation is completed.
一种较简单的喷水装置是利用高压喷水嘴将水雾化并喷出，所述高压 喷水嘴可以设置于缸盖上， 或者设置于进气装置的气流通道中。 高压喷水 嘴既可以很好地将水雾化， 其喷出的雾化水又具有较好的瞬间制冷作用。  A relatively simple water spray device utilizes a high pressure water spray nozzle to atomize and eject water, and the high pressure water spray nozzle can be disposed on the cylinder head or in the air flow passage of the air intake device. The high-pressure water jet nozzle can atomize the water well, and the atomized water sprayed out has a good instantaneous cooling effect.
因为活塞做吸气运动时缸体内的环流气体会将水雾带离燃烧室，而且 吸气过程结束时， 汽缸内的涡流运动几乎停止， 因此， 在吸气过程的后段 再喷水可以使更多的水雾聚集在燃烧室内， 使局部瞬间降温， 吸进更多空 气， 如控制装置控制喷水装置使之在活塞做吸气运动且吸气行程在 50%〜 100%时喷出雾化水。如所述控制装置控制喷水装置使之在活塞做吸气运动 且吸气行程在 70%〜100%甚至吸气行程在 90%〜100%时喷出雾化水更好。  Because the circulating gas in the cylinder will take the water mist away from the combustion chamber when the piston is doing the suction movement, and the vortex motion in the cylinder is almost stopped at the end of the suction process, therefore, the water can be sprayed in the latter part of the suction process. So that more water mist gathers in the combustion chamber, so that the local temperature is cooled instantaneously, and more air is sucked in. For example, the control device controls the water spray device to make the suction movement of the piston and the suction stroke is 50%~100%. Atomized water. If the control device controls the water spray device to make the suction movement of the piston and the suction stroke is 70% to 100% or even the suction stroke is 90% to 100%, it is better to spray the atomized water.
高压喷水嘴喷出的雾化水的温度为 T〉 0 °C， T ^ l 0 °C较好， 最好 是 T〉 0 °C， T 5 °C。  The temperature of the atomized water sprayed from the high pressure water jet nozzle is T > 0 °C, preferably T ^ l 0 °C, preferably T > 0 °C, T 5 °C.
喷水装置的喷水量可根据发动机运转情况调整， 喷水量以不会使发动 机熄火为前提， 一般情况下喷水量与发动机的容积成正比， 实验得出每次 喷水量为每升发动机容积的喷水量为 0. 2克〜 3克较好。  The water spray amount of the water spray device can be adjusted according to the engine running condition. The water spray quantity is not premise that the engine is turned off. Under normal circumstances, the water spray quantity is proportional to the volume of the engine. The experiment shows that the water spray amount is per liter. 2克〜3克优选。 The water volume of the engine volume is 0. 2 grams ~ 3 grams is better.
(四） 附图说明: 图 1是本发明一种实施方式的结构示意图。 (4) Description of the drawings: 1 is a schematic structural view of an embodiment of the present invention.
图号标识： 1、 缸体； 2、 活塞； 3、 缸盖； 4、 曲柄箱； 5、 喷油嘴； 6、 高压喷水嘴； 7、 进气口； 8、 排气口； 9、 连杆； 10、 曲柄。  Figure number identification: 1, cylinder; 2, piston; 3, cylinder head; 4, crank box; 5, fuel injector; 6, high pressure water nozzle; 7, air inlet; 8, exhaust port; Connecting rod; 10, crank.
(五） 具体实施方式： (5) Specific implementation methods:
图 1所示为本发明的一种实施方式， 是一种汽油发动机， 发动机有四 个缸， 每个缸的容积为 0. 25升， 发动机的总容积为 1升。  Fig. 1 shows an embodiment of the present invention. It is a gasoline engine having four cylinders, each having a volume of 0.25 liter and a total engine volume of 1 liter.
在图 1所示实施方式中， 缸体 1的上口由缸盖 3封盖， 缸盖 3中心设 置喷油装置的喷油嘴 5， 喷油嘴 5旁的缸盖 3上还设置喷水装置的高压喷 水嘴 6， 喷水装置的启闭及喷水量调节由控制装置控制， 该控制装置同时 还控制喷油装置的启闭及喷油量的调节，缸体 1的进气口 7和排气口 8开 设于缸盖 3上； 缸体 1的下口连接曲柄箱 4， 曲柄箱 4内设有曲柄连杆机 构， 曲柄连杆机构由相互铰链的曲柄 10和连杆 9构成； 缸体 1 内配合有 活塞 2， 活塞 2与连杆 9铰链。  In the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, the upper port of the cylinder block 1 is covered by a cylinder head 3, the injector head 5 of the fuel injection device is disposed at the center of the cylinder head 3, and the water tank cap 3 next to the injector nozzle 5 is further provided with water spray. The high pressure water nozzle 6 of the device, the opening and closing of the water spray device and the water spray amount adjustment are controlled by a control device, which also controls the opening and closing of the fuel injection device and the adjustment of the fuel injection amount, and the air inlet of the cylinder body 1 7 and the exhaust port 8 are opened on the cylinder head 3; the lower port of the cylinder block 1 is connected to the crank case 4, and the crank case 4 is provided with a crank link mechanism, and the crank link mechanism is composed of a crank 10 and a link 9 which are hinged to each other. The cylinder 1 is fitted with a piston 2, and the piston 2 is hinged with the connecting rod 9.
发动机启动时， 曲柄 1 0的转动、连杆 9的摆动转化为活塞 2在缸体 1 内的往复运动（发动机启动后， 活塞 2在缸体 1 内的往复运动转化为曲柄 10的转动）， 活塞 2运动的上止点 A与缸盖 3之间的腔室为燃烧室， 活塞 2运动的下止点 B与缸盖 3之间的腔室为进气室 （包括燃烧室）。  When the engine is started, the rotation of the crank 10 and the swing of the connecting rod 9 are converted into the reciprocating motion of the piston 2 in the cylinder 1 (after the engine is started, the reciprocating motion of the piston 2 in the cylinder 1 is converted into the rotation of the crank 10), The chamber between the top dead center A of the movement of the piston 2 and the cylinder head 3 is a combustion chamber, and the chamber between the bottom dead center B of the movement of the piston 2 and the cylinder head 3 is an intake chamber (including a combustion chamber).
所述活塞 2的往复运动分为进气、 压缩、 爆炸做功和排气四个过程： The reciprocating motion of the piston 2 is divided into four processes of intake, compression, explosion work and exhaust:
1、 进气（即吸气）。 活塞 2自上止点 A向下运动时打开进气口 7的气 门， 关闭排气口 8的气门。 活塞 2自上止点 A向下运动至下止点 B的过程 中， 进气口 7的气门处于开状态， 排气口 8的气门处于关闭状态。 活塞 2 自上止点 A向下运动时控制装置控制喷油装置从喷油嘴 5喷油， 当喷油动 作完成后， 且活塞 2吸气行程在 90%〜100%之间时， 控制装置控制喷水装 置从高压喷水嘴 6直接向缸体内喷出雾化水，喷水量为每次 0. 2克〜 3克。 1. Intake (ie inhalation). When the piston 2 moves downward from the top dead center A, the valve of the air inlet 7 is opened, and the valve of the exhaust port 8 is closed. During the downward movement of the piston 2 from the top dead center A to the bottom dead center B, the valve of the intake port 7 is in an open state, and the valve of the exhaust port 8 is closed. When the piston 2 moves downward from the top dead center A, the control device controls the fuel injection device to inject oil from the fuel injector 5, and when the fuel injection operation is completed, and the suction stroke of the piston 2 is between 90% and 100%, the control device 2克〜3克。 The water spray device is sprayed from the high-pressure water spout 6 to the inside of the cylinder.
2、压缩。活塞 2自下止点 B向上运动时， 关闭进气口 7气门。 活塞 2 自下止点 B向上运动至上止点 A的过程中，进气口 7气门和排气口 8气门 均处于关闭状态。  2, compression. When the piston 2 moves upward from the bottom dead center B, the air inlet 7 valve is closed. During the movement of the piston 2 from the bottom dead center B to the top dead center A, the air intake port 7 and the exhaust port 8 are both closed.
3、爆炸做功。活塞 2向上运动至上止点 A, 油与雾化水的混合燃烧体 于燃烧室内点燃， 混合燃烧体瞬间燃烧爆炸 （雾化水瞬间汽化爆膨）， 推 动活塞 2向下止点 B运动输出功率。  3. Explosive work. The piston 2 moves up to the top dead center A, and the mixed combustion body of the oil and the atomized water ignites in the combustion chamber, and the mixed combustion body instantaneously burns and explodes (the atomized water instantaneously vaporizes and swells), and pushes the piston 2 to the bottom dead center B to move the output power. .
4、排气。活塞 2自下止点 B向上运动至上止点 A, 此时进气口 7的气 门关闭， 排气口 8的气门打开将混合燃烧体燃烧爆炸产生的废气排出。  4. Exhaust. The piston 2 moves upward from the bottom dead center B to the top dead center A, at which time the valve of the intake port 7 is closed, and the valve opening of the exhaust port 8 discharges the exhaust gas generated by the combustion explosion of the mixed combustion body.
本高效内燃发动机与其它结构及参数与之完全一致，仅不包括喷水装 置的发动机相比， 在不同的路况等外界条件下， 可节油 20%〜30%， 输出功 率可增加 15%〜25%。  The high-efficiency internal combustion engine is completely consistent with other structures and parameters. Compared with the engine that does not include the water spray device, it can save 20%~30% of the fuel under different external conditions such as road conditions, and the output power can be increased by 15%~ 25%.

Claims

权 利 要 求 书 Claim
1、 高效内燃发动机， 包括缸体 （1)， 缸体 （1) 的上口由缸盖 （3) 封盖， 缸体（1) 或缸盖 （3) 上设有与缸体内腔导通的进气装置、 排气装 置和喷油装置， 缸体 （1) 内还设有做往复运动的的活塞 （2)， 其特征在 于： 至少还包括一个可将水雾化且将雾化水导入缸体（1) 中的喷水装置， 以及一个控制喷水装置启闭及调节喷水量的控制装置；所述控制装置控制 喷水装置使之在活塞 （2) 做吸气运动时、 喷油装置喷油动作完毕后喷出 雾化水。  1. High-efficiency internal combustion engine, including the cylinder block (1), the upper port of the cylinder block (1) is covered by the cylinder head (3), and the cylinder block (1) or the cylinder head (3) is provided with the inner cavity guide a gas inlet device, an exhaust device and a fuel injection device, and a piston (2) for reciprocating movement in the cylinder block (1), characterized in that: at least one further atomizes the water and atomizes a water spray device introduced into the cylinder (1), and a control device for controlling the water spray device to open and close and adjust the water spray amount; the control device controls the water spray device to make the suction movement of the piston (2) After the injection device of the fuel injection device is finished, the atomized water is sprayed.
2、 根据权利要求 1所述的高效内燃发动机， 其特征在于： 所述喷水 装置设有至少一个高压喷水嘴 （6)， 喷水装置通过通过高压喷水嘴 （6) 将水雾化； 所述高压喷水嘴 （6) 设置于缸盖 （3) 上， 或者设置于进气装 置的气流通道中。 2. The high efficiency internal combustion engine according to claim 1, wherein: said water spray device is provided with at least one high pressure water spray nozzle (6), and the water spray device atomizes the water through the high pressure water spray nozzle (6). The high pressure water nozzle (6) is disposed on the cylinder head (3) or in the air flow passage of the air intake device.
3、 根据权利要求 1所述的高效内燃发动机， 其特征在于： 所述控制 装置控制喷水装置使之在活塞 （2) 做吸气运动且吸气行程在 50%〜100% 之间时喷出雾化水。 3. The high efficiency internal combustion engine according to claim 1, wherein: said control device controls the water spray device to spray when the piston (2) performs the suction movement and the suction stroke is between 50% and 100%. Atomized water.
4、 根据权利要求 2所述的高效内燃发动机， 其特征在于： 所述控制 装置控制喷水装置使之在活塞 （2) 做吸气运动且吸气行程在 70%〜100% 之间时喷出雾化水。 4. The high efficiency internal combustion engine according to claim 2, wherein: said control device controls the water spray device to spray when the piston (2) performs the suction movement and the suction stroke is between 70% and 100%. Atomized water.
5、 根据权利要求 4所述的高效内燃发动机， 其特征在于： 所述控制 装置控制喷水装置使之在活塞 （2) 做吸气运动且吸气行程在 90%〜100% 之间时喷出雾化水。 5. The high efficiency internal combustion engine according to claim 4, wherein: said control device controls the water spray device to spray when the piston (2) performs the suction movement and the suction stroke is between 90% and 100%. Atomized water.
6、 根据权利要求 1〜5中任意一项所述的高效内燃发动机， 其特征在 于： 高压喷水嘴 （6) 喷出的雾化水的温度 T〉 0 °C， 1 0 °C。 The high efficiency internal combustion engine according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: the temperature of the atomized water sprayed by the high pressure water nozzle (6) is T > 0 °C, 10 °C.
7、根据权利要求 6的高效内燃发动机， 其特征在于： 高压喷水嘴（6) 喷出的雾化水的温度 T〉 0 °C， T 5°C。 A high efficiency internal combustion engine according to claim 6, characterized in that the temperature of the atomized water sprayed from the high pressure water nozzle (6) is T > 0 °C, T 5 °C.
8、 根据权利要求 1〜5中任意一项所述的高效内燃发动机， 其特征在 于： 喷水装置的喷水量与发动机的容积成正比， 每次喷水量为每升发动机 The high efficiency internal combustion engine according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: the water spray amount of the water spray device is proportional to the volume of the engine, and the water spray amount per liter of the engine
PCT/CN2012/071778 2011-05-13 2012-02-29 High-efficiency internal-combustion engine WO2012155599A1 (en)

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