WO2012152077A1 - 半柔同轴射频电缆 - Google Patents

半柔同轴射频电缆 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2012152077A1
WO2012152077A1 PCT/CN2012/070273 CN2012070273W WO2012152077A1 WO 2012152077 A1 WO2012152077 A1 WO 2012152077A1 CN 2012070273 W CN2012070273 W CN 2012070273W WO 2012152077 A1 WO2012152077 A1 WO 2012152077A1
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Prior art keywords
copper
semi
tin
composite wire
light metal
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PCT/CN2012/070273
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
黄昌华
李军
卓越
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深圳金信诺高新技术股份有限公司
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Publication of WO2012152077A1 publication Critical patent/WO2012152077A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B11/00—Communication cables or conductors
    • H01B11/18—Coaxial cables; Analogous cables having more than one inner conductor within a common outer conductor
    • H01B11/1808—Construction of the conductors
    • H01B11/1813—Co-axial cables with at least one braided conductor

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to coaxial cables, and more particularly to a semi-flexible coaxial RF cable. Background technique
  • the semi-flexible coaxial RF cable has excellent temperature range, high frequency of use, low attenuation, small VSWR, and good shielding performance, as well as good bending performance. Therefore, it has been widely used in transmission systems using radio frequency signals such as rockets, satellites, communications, navigation, electronic countermeasures, and measurement and control equipment.
  • a typical semi-flexible coaxial RF cable includes coaxial inner conductors from the inside to the outside.
  • the outer conductor 3 has a dual function of conduction and shielding, and is usually woven by a tinned copper composite wire.
  • the sheath 4 is used for both protection and insulation and is usually made of polytetrafluoroethylene.
  • the copper and sheath materials in the outer conductor 3, such as fluorine in polyperfluoroethylene propylene, are scarce resources, lacking resources, and therefore high in cost; in addition, copper is a heavy metal, not only significant, but also a semi-flexible coaxial RF cable. The self-weight is large, and it can cause greater pollution to the environment after being discarded.
  • tin-plated copper-clad light metal conductor composite wires such as tin-plated copper-clad aluminum composite wires and tin-plated copper-clad aluminum-magnesium composite wires, which are used to replace tin-plated copper composite wires.
  • the tinned copper-clad light metal conductor composite wire retains the original tin layer 5, and the light metal conductor core 7 replaces part of the heavy metal copper 6, thereby achieving the purpose of reducing self-weight and reducing cost.
  • the processing difficulty is increased, and the bending resistance of the finished semi-flexible coaxial RF cable is greatly reduced; the attenuation is increased; and the shielding performance is lowered.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present invention lies in the prior art for the semi-flexible coaxial RF cable.
  • a semi-flexible coaxial RF cable with low price, low VSWR, and resistance to bending caused by high price, heavy weight and environmental pollution caused by tin-plated copper and polyperfluoroethylene propylene. Under the premise of excellent performance, it can reduce costs, reduce self-weight, and at the same time reduce environmental pollution.
  • a semi-flexible coaxial radio frequency cable which includes a coaxial inner conductor, an insulator, an outer conductor and a sheath from the inside to the outside, wherein
  • the outer conductor is woven by a mixed braided wire comprising the same number of tinned copper composite wires and tinned copper-clad light metal conductor composite wires, wherein the volume ratio of copper to light metal conductors in the tinned copper-clad light metal conductor composite wire is 1 : 9 ⁇ 2: 8;
  • the sheath is made of poly-4-methylpentene-1 coated with the outer conductor.
  • the tin-plated copper-clad light metal conductor composite wire is a tin-plated copper-clad aluminum composite wire and/or a tin-plated copper-clad aluminum-magnesium composite wire.
  • the outer conductor is woven by 16 strands of braided wire comprising three of said tinned copper composite wires and three said tinned copper-clad light metal conductor composite wires. Made.
  • the tin-plated copper-clad light metal conductor composite wire is a tin-plated copper-clad aluminum-magnesium composite wire.
  • the volume ratio of copper to aluminum-magnesium in the tin-plated copper-clad aluminum-magnesium composite wire is 3:17.
  • the outer conductor is woven by 16 strands of braided wire comprising three of said tin-plated copper composite wires and three said tin-plated copper-clad aluminum-magnesium composite wires. Made.
  • the invention has the beneficial effects that: the tinned copper-clad light metal conductor composite wire is replaced by a light-weight metal part with low cost and light weight, because the tinned copper composite wire and the tinned copper-clad light metal conductor composite wire are mixed and woven outer conductor. Heavy metal copper, thus reducing costs, reducing self-weight, and reducing environmental pollution; In addition, because the outer conductor is made by hybrid weaving, instead of simply replacing the original tin-plated copper composite wire, it is made The semi-flexible coaxial RF cable still maintains the advantages of low attenuation, low VSWR, and excellent bending resistance.
  • DRAWINGS 1 is a schematic structural view of a conventional semi-flexible coaxial RF cable;
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional structural view of a tinned copper-clad light metal conductor composite wire. detailed description
  • the outer conductor is woven from a plurality of mixed braided wires comprising a tinned copper composite wire and a tinned copper-clad light metal conductor composite wire.
  • the tinned copper composite wire and the tinned copper-clad light metal conductor composite wire are woven with the same number of outer conductors, and the tinned copper-clad light metal conductor composite wire is a tin-plated copper-clad aluminum composite wire and/or a tin-plated copper-clad aluminum-magnesium composite wire.
  • the tin-plated copper-clad aluminum composite wire has a lower cost than the tin-plated copper-clad aluminum-magnesium composite wire, the weight is slightly larger and the pressure resistance is inferior to that of the tin-plated copper-clad aluminum-magnesium composite wire.
  • the tensile strength and elongation of the tin-plated copper-clad aluminum composite wire are relatively low, so when the tinned copper conforming wire and the tin-plated copper-clad aluminum composite wire are mixed and woven to form an outer conductor, the processing is performed. The difficulty is relatively large. Therefore, in the present invention, the tin-plated copper-clad light metal conductor composite wire is preferably a tin-plated copper-clad aluminum-magnesium composite wire.
  • the replacement ratio of the tinned copper-clad light metal conductor composite wire is a key factor.
  • a preferred hybrid braided wire comprising tin-plated copper composite wire and tin-plated copper-clad aluminum-magnesium is used, wherein there are six composite wires per hybrid braided wire.
  • the ratio of the tin-plated copper composite wire in the hybrid braided wire to the tin-plated copper-clad aluminum-magnesium composite wire is 2:4 or 1:5, that is, when the replacement ratio of the tin-plated copper-clad aluminum-magnesium composite wire is high, although the weight is self-weight Reduced, but because the copper in the outer conductor is mostly replaced by aluminum and magnesium, the semi-flexible coaxial RF cable finished product has lower shielding performance, improved VSWR and weaker bending resistance, which weakens the original excellent performance.
  • due to aluminum due to aluminum The ductility and tensile strength of magnesium are inferior to those of copper.
  • the tin-plated copper-clad aluminum-magnesium composite wire replaces the tin-plated copper composite wire in a large proportion, the weaving difficulty in processing is difficult, and it is usually difficult to successfully complete the processing.
  • the replacement ratio of light metal conductors to copper in tin-plated copper-clad light metal conductor composite wires is also a key factor. After replacing copper with light metal, it is necessary to maintain various excellent properties related to copper materials, but also to achieve self-weight reduction and ease. machining. It has been found through experiments that in the embodiment of the present invention, the volume ratio of copper to light metal in the tin-plated copper-clad light metal conductor composite wire is 1:9 ⁇ 2:8. When the light metal is preferably aluminum-magnesium, the preferred volume ratio of copper to aluminum-magnesium in the tin-plated copper-clad aluminum-magnesium composite wire is 3:17.
  • the sheath 4 is coated with poly 4-methylpentene-1 (TPX) to replace the original polyperfluoroethylene propylene or low-smoke halogen-free polyethylene material.
  • TPX poly 4-methylpentene-1
  • TPX the cost of TPX is only one-seventh that of polyperfluoroethylene propylene and twice that of low-smoke halogen-free polyethylene, but TPX has the lightest weight and can reach a temperature resistance of 150 °C. Although the cost of low-smoke halogen-free polyethylene is relatively low, its self-weight is still 5.5 g/m, and the temperature resistance temperature is only 85 °C, making its application range relatively narrow.
  • Table 2 compares the semi-flexible coaxial RF cable in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention with industry standard values to more clearly and intuitively illustrate the advantages of a semi-flexible coaxial RF cable in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the outer conductor of the semi-flexible coaxial RF cable of sample 1 is woven by tin-plated copper composite wire
  • sample 2 is an embodiment of the invention, that is, the outer conductor of the semi-flexible coaxial RF cable consists of 16 strands including 3 tin-plated tin
  • the copper composite wire is woven with a mixed braided wire of three tin-plated copper-clad aluminum-magnesium composite wires, and the sheath 4 is made of TPX.
  • the volume ratio of copper to aluminum-magnesium in sample 2, sample 3 and sample 4 is 3:17, 2: 8 and 1 : 7, Sample 2 having a ratio of 3: 17 is a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • Table 1 it can be seen first that the performance parameter values of Sample 2 are all within the industry standard values, maintaining all the excellent performance of the existing semi-flexible coaxial RF cable. Secondly, comparing sample 2 with sample 1, it was found that the other properties were the same as those of sample 1 except that the weight of sample 2 was reduced by nearly 4 g/m, including characteristic impedance, third-order intermodulation, and attenuation. Performance, solderability, bending resistance, and temperature resistance are basically the same, and the voltage standing wave ratio is still smaller. At the same time, the cost of sample 2 was also reduced. The cost of sample 1 was 6 yuan/m, and the cost of the sample was 5.45 yuan/m, a decrease of 10%.
  • the weight is lighter, especially sample 3, the weight is reduced to almost half of the total copper sample 1, in the lightening Self weight
  • the effect is very significant.
  • good capacitance characteristics, impedance characteristics, attenuation characteristics and temperature resistance characteristics are maintained.
  • the voltage standing wave ratio and solderability are slightly different from the standard values. The slightly different deviation is the third-order intermodulation characteristics and the bending resistance, but for the semi-flexible coaxial RF cable as a whole, the above characteristics are still Acceptable range.
  • the copper in samples 3 and 4 is replaced by aluminum-magnesium, which can also be used to achieve cost reduction.
  • the outer conductor of the semi-flexible coaxial RF cable is woven from a hybrid braided wire containing the same number of tinned copper composite wires and tinned copper-clad light metal conductor composite wires
  • the composite wire is braided to form the outer conductor with a specific ratio, instead of simply replacing it, so it can still maintain low attenuation, small VSWR, and resistance to bending. Good performance and other excellent performance.
  • the sheath 4 is made of TPX instead of the outer conductor. Since the specific gravity of TPX plastic is the lightest of all plastics, and the price is not affected by the exploitation of the scarce resources pumice, the cost is further reduced.

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  • Communication Cables (AREA)
  • Insulated Conductors (AREA)

Description

说 明 书 半柔同轴射频电缆 技术领域
本发明涉及同轴电缆， 尤其涉及一种半柔同轴射频电缆。 背景技术
半柔同轴射频电缆具有使用温度范围宽、 使用频率高、 衰减低、 驻波系数 小、 以及屏蔽性能好等优异性能， 同时还具备良好的弯曲性能。 因此在火箭、 卫星、 通信、 导航、 电子对抗、 测控设备等使用射频信号的传输系统中得到了 越来越广泛的应用。一般的半柔同轴射频电缆由内向外依次包括同轴的内导体
1、 绝缘体 2、 外导体 3和护套 4， 如图 1所示。 其中外导体 3具有传导和屏蔽 的有双重作用， 通常采用镀锡铜复合线编织而成。护套 4既作保护作用， 又做 绝缘作用， 通常由聚全氟乙丙烯包覆制成。然而， 外导体 3中的铜和护套材料 诸如聚全氟乙丙烯中的氟属于稀缺资源， 资源匮乏， 因此成本较高； 另外， 铜 属于重金属， 不仅比重大， 使得半柔同轴射频电缆的自重较大， 而且废弃后能 对环境造成较大的污染。针对于此， 目前又出现了用来替代镀锡铜复合线的镀 锡铜包轻金属导体复合线， 例如镀锡铜包铝复合线、 镀锡铜包铝镁复合线等。 如图 2所示，镀锡铜包轻金属导体复合线保留原有锡层 5不变，用轻金属导体 芯 7替代部分重金属铜 6， 从而达到减轻自重和降低成本的目的。 但是替代之 后， 加工难度增大， 制成的半柔同轴射频电缆成品耐弯性能大为下降； 衰减增 高； 以及屏蔽性能降低。 与此同时， 护套材料中也出现了用来替代聚全氟乙丙 烯的低烟无卤聚乙烯等材料，但替代后，虽然达到减轻自重和降低成本的目的， 但耐电压和耐温性能大为下降。 发明内容
本发明要解决的技术问题在于针对现有技术中半柔同轴射频电缆由于采 用镀锡铜和聚全氟乙丙烯而导致的价格高、 自身重以及能造成环境污染的缺 陷， 提供一种半柔同轴射频电缆， 使得在保持衰减低、 驻波系数小、 以及耐弯 性能优良的前提下， 能降低成本、 减轻自重、 同时减弱对环境的污染。
本发明解决其技术问题所采用的技术方案是： 提供一种半柔同轴射频电 缆， 由内向外依次包括同轴的内导体、 绝缘体、 外导体和护套， 其中，
所述外导体由包含数量相同的镀锡铜复合线和镀锡铜包轻金属导体复合 线的混合编织线编织而成，所述镀锡铜包轻金属导体复合线中铜与轻金属导体 的体积比为 1 : 9〜2： 8；
所述护套由聚 4-甲基戊烯 -1包覆所述外导体制成。
在依据本发明实施例的半柔同轴射频电缆中，所述镀锡铜包轻金属导体复 合线为镀锡铜包铝复合线和 /或镀锡铜包铝镁复合线。
在依据本发明实施例的半柔同轴射频电缆中， 所述外导体由 16股包括 3 根所述镀锡铜复合线和 3 根所述镀锡铜包轻金属导体复合线的混合编织线编 织而成。
在依据本发明实施例的半柔同轴射频电缆中，所述镀锡铜包轻金属导体复 合线为镀锡铜包铝镁复合线。
在依据本发明实施例的半柔同轴射频电缆中，所述镀锡铜包铝镁复合线中 铜与铝镁的体积比为 3 : 17。
在依据本发明实施例的半柔同轴射频电缆中， 所述外导体由 16股包括 3 根所述镀锡铜复合线和 3根所述镀锡铜包铝镁复合线的混合编织线编织而成。
本发明产生的有益效果是：由于采用镀锡铜复合线和镀锡铜包轻金属导体 复合线混合编织外导体，其中的镀锡铜包轻金属导体复合线中用价格便宜且比 重轻的轻金属部分取代重金属铜， 因此降低了成本、减轻了自重、 以及减弱了 对环境的污染； 另外， 由于采用混合编织的方式制成外导体， 而不是简单地替 代原有的镀锡铜复合线， 因此制成的半柔同轴射频电缆仍能保持衰减低、驻波 系数小、 以及耐弯性能优良的优点。 附图说明 图 1是普通半柔同轴射频电缆的结构示意图；
图 2是镀锡铜包轻金属导体复合线的截面结构示意图。 具体实施方式
为了使本发明的目的、技术方案及优点更加清楚明白， 以下结合附图及实 施例， 对本发明进行进一步详细说明。应当理解， 此处所描述的具体实施例仅 用以解释本发明， 并不用于限定本发明。
在本发明中，外导体由多股包含镀锡铜复合线和镀锡铜包轻金属导体复合 线的混合编织线编织而成。其中，镀锡铜复合线和镀锡铜包轻金属导体复合线 以相同数量编织外导体， 镀锡铜包轻金属导体复合线为镀锡铜包铝复合线和 / 或镀锡铜包铝镁复合线。
镀锡铜包铝复合线虽然比镀锡铜包铝镁复合线的成本低，但是重量略大且 抗压性不及镀锡铜包铝镁复合线。而且， 通过试验发现， 镀锡铜包铝复合线的 抗拉强度和延伸率相对略低，因此当对镀锡铜符合线和镀锡铜包铝复合线进行 混合编织以形成外导体时， 加工难度相对较大。因此本发明中镀锡铜包轻金属 导体复合线优选使用镀锡铜包铝镁复合线。
在混合编织过程中， 为了使半柔同轴射频电缆仍然保持衰减低、驻波系数 小、 以及耐弯性能优良的优点，镀锡铜包轻金属导体复合线的替代比率是一个 关键因素。 现以优选的包括镀锡铜复合线和镀锡铜包铝镁的混合编织线为例， 其中每股混合编织线有 6根复合线。通过试验发现， 当混合编织线中的镀锡铜 复合线与镀锡铜包铝镁复合线的比例为 5: 1或 4:2时， 即镀锡铜包铝镁复合线 的替代率较低时，虽然半柔同轴射频电缆仍能保持原有的优良性能且能表现出 替代效果， 但是替代作用不是特别明显， 即成本改变不大， 而且半柔同轴射频 电缆的自重没有特别明显减轻。
当混合编织线中的镀锡铜复合线与镀锡铜包铝镁复合线的比例为 2:4 或 1:5时， 即镀锡铜包铝镁复合线的替代率较高时， 虽然自重减轻了， 但是因为 外导体中的铜大部分被铝镁替代， 半柔同轴射频电缆成品的屏蔽性能降低、驻 波系数提高以及耐弯性能减弱等， 削弱了原有的优良性能。 另一方面， 由于铝 镁的延展性能和抗拉强度不如铜，当镀锡铜包铝镁复合线较大比率地替代镀锡 铜复合线后， 加工中的编织难度提高， 通常比较难于顺利完成加工。
当混合编织线中的镀锡铜复合线与镀锡铜包铝镁复合线的比例为 3:3时， 即两种复合线的数量相同时，试验中发现加工中易于编织， 且成品半柔同轴射 频电缆仍能保持已有的各种优良性能。
另外，镀锡铜包轻金属导体复合线中轻金属导体对铜的替代比例也是一个 关键因素， 轻金属替代铜之后， 既要保持与铜材料有关的各种优良性能， 而且 还要实现自重减轻、 以及易于加工。 通过试验发现， 在本发明的实施例中， 镀 锡铜包轻金属导体复合线中铜与轻金属的体积比为 1 : 9〜2： 8。 当轻金属优 选为铝镁时， 镀锡铜包铝镁复合线中铜与铝镁的优选体积比为 3 : 17。
为了进一步降低成本和减轻自重， 护套 4由聚 4-甲基戊烯 -1 (TPX)包覆 而成， 替代原有的聚全氟乙丙烯或低烟无卤聚乙烯材料。表 1中示出了聚全氟 乙丙烯、 低烟无卤聚乙烯和 TPX三种的参数比较， 其中低烟无卤聚乙烯也是 现今常用的聚全氟乙丙烯的替代材料的一种。 从表 1可以看出， TPX的成本 仅为聚全氟乙丙烯的七分之一、低烟无卤聚乙烯的两倍， 但是 TPX自重最轻， 且可达到 150°C的耐温温度。 而虽然低烟无卤聚乙烯的成本比较低， 但是自重 仍有 5.5 g/m， 且耐温温度仅为 85 °C， 使得它的适用范围相对很窄。
表 1 护套材料性能参数和价格比较
Figure imgf000006_0001
表 2将依据本发明优选实施例的半柔同轴射频电缆与行业标准值进行比 较， 更为清晰和直观地显示了依据本发明实施例的半柔同轴射频电缆的优势。 其中样品 1的半柔同轴射频电缆的外导体通过镀锡铜复合线编织而成， 样品 2 为本发明的实施例， 即半柔同轴射频电缆的外导体由 16股包括 3根镀锡铜复 合线和 3根镀锡铜包铝镁复合线的混合编织线编织而成， 护套 4由 TPX包覆 制成。其中， 样品 2、样品 3和样品 4中的铜与铝镁的体积比分别为 3 : 17、 2： 8和 1 : 7， 比例值为 3 : 17的样品 2为本发明中的优选实施例。 如表 1所示， 首先可以看出，样品 2的性能参数值全部都在行业标准值范围之内，保持了现 有半柔同轴射频电缆的全部优良性能。其次，将样品 2与样品 1进行比较后发 现， 在样品 2比样品 1的重量减轻了将近 4g/m的基础上， 其它性能与样品 1 的基本相同， 包括特性阻抗、 三阶交调、 衰减性能、 可焊性、 抗弯性以及耐温 性基本相同， 而且电压驻波比还更小。 同时， 样品 2的成本还降低了， 样品 1 的成本为 6元 /m， 样品 的成本为 5.45元 /m， 下降了 10%。
Figure imgf000007_0001
Figure imgf000007_0002
对于本发明的另外两个实施例， 即样品 3 ( 2： 8 )和样品 4 ( 1： 7)， 重量 更轻， 尤其是样品 3， 重量减轻至几乎是全铜样品 1的一半， 在减轻自重方面 的效果非常显著。而且仍然保持了良好的电容特性、 阻抗特性、 衰减特性和耐 温特性。而电压驻波比和可焊性与标准值相比略有偏差，偏差稍大的是三阶交 调特性和抗弯性，但是就半柔同轴射频电缆整体而言， 以上特性都还在可接受 范围之内。另外， 样品 3和样品 4中的铜被铝镁替代， 同样可用达到减少成本 的目的。
从以上可以看出，当半柔同轴射频电缆的外导体由包含相同数量的镀锡铜 复合线和镀锡铜包轻金属导体复合线的混合编织线编织而成时，因为采用轻金 属替代重金属铜， 可以减轻自重、 降低成本以及减少对环境的影响； 同时采用 特定比率的复合线混合编织制成外导体， 而不是简单地进行替代， 因此仍能保 持衰减低、 驻波系数小、 以及耐弯性能好等优良性能。 同时护套 4由 TPX替 代包覆外导体制成， 由于 TPX塑料比重是所有塑料中最轻的， 且价格不受稀 缺资源浮石的开采影响， 进一步降低了成本。
应当理解的是，对本领域普通技术人员来说，可以根据上述说明加以改进 或变换， 而所有这些改进和变换都应属于本发明所附权利要求的保护范围。

Claims

权 利 要 求 书
1、 一种半柔同轴射频电缆， 由内向外依次包括同轴的内导体 （1 )、 绝缘 体 （2)、 外导体 （3 )和护套 （4)， 其特征在于， 所述外导体 （3 ) 由多股包含 数量相同的镀锡铜复合线和镀锡铜包轻金属导体复合线的混合编织线编织而 成， 所述镀锡铜包轻金属导体复合线中铜与轻金属导体的体积比为 1 : 9〜2： 8； 所述护套 （4 ) 由聚 4-甲基戊烯 -1包覆所述外导体 （3 ) 制成。
2、 根据权利要求 1所述的半柔同轴射频电缆， 其特征在于， 所述镀锡铜 包轻金属导体复合线为镀锡铜包铝复合线和 /或镀锡铜包铝镁复合线。
3、 根据权利要求 2所述的半柔同轴射频电缆， 其特征在于， 所述外导体 ( 3 )由 16股包括 3根所述镀锡铜复合线和 3根所述镀锡铜包轻金属导体复合 线的混合编织线编织而成。
4、 根据权利要求 1所述的半柔同轴射频电缆， 其特征在于， 所述镀锡铜 包轻金属导体复合线为镀锡铜包铝镁复合线。
5、 根据权利要求 4所述的半柔同轴射频电缆， 其特征在于， 所述镀锡铜 包铝镁复合线中铜与铝镁的体积比为 3 : 17。
6、 根据权利要求 5所述的半柔同轴射频电缆， 其特征在于， 所述外导体 ( 3 )由 16股包括 3根所述镀锡铜复合线和 3根所述镀锡铜包铝镁复合线的混 合编织线编织而成。
PCT/CN2012/070273 2011-05-10 2012-01-12 半柔同轴射频电缆 WO2012152077A1 (zh)

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