WO2012149635A1 - Procédé de production et de raffinage de frd (fer de réduction directe) à faible teneur en carbone - Google Patents
Procédé de production et de raffinage de frd (fer de réduction directe) à faible teneur en carbone Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2012149635A1 WO2012149635A1 PCT/CA2012/000387 CA2012000387W WO2012149635A1 WO 2012149635 A1 WO2012149635 A1 WO 2012149635A1 CA 2012000387 W CA2012000387 W CA 2012000387W WO 2012149635 A1 WO2012149635 A1 WO 2012149635A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- carbon
- reduction
- metal oxides
- oxides
- iron
- Prior art date
Links
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 63
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 58
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 title claims description 13
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 title description 8
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title description 4
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 58
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000005261 decarburization Methods 0.000 claims abstract 3
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 28
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910000604 Ferrochrome Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000001642 boronic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- UOUJSJZBMCDAEU-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromium(3+);oxygen(2-) Chemical class [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Cr+3].[Cr+3] UOUJSJZBMCDAEU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- BHEPBYXIRTUNPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydridophosphorus(.) (triplet) Chemical compound [PH] BHEPBYXIRTUNPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000005864 Sulphur Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 claims 2
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000003870 refractory metal Substances 0.000 claims 1
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 25
- 238000006722 reduction reaction Methods 0.000 description 23
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron oxide Chemical compound [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- 229910052810 boron oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 15
- JKWMSGQKBLHBQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N diboron trioxide Chemical compound O=BOB=O JKWMSGQKBLHBQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 12
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Inorganic materials [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000007792 addition Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 8
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 7
- 235000013980 iron oxide Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000001465 metallisation Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000010587 phase diagram Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- WGLPBDUCMAPZCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trioxochromium Chemical compound O=[Cr](=O)=O WGLPBDUCMAPZCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910021538 borax Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910000423 chromium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 description 4
- AMWRITDGCCNYAT-UHFFFAOYSA-L hydroxy(oxo)manganese;manganese Chemical compound [Mn].O[Mn]=O.O[Mn]=O AMWRITDGCCNYAT-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910000464 lead oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229910000480 nickel oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- GNRSAWUEBMWBQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxonickel Chemical compound [Ni]=O GNRSAWUEBMWBQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 4
- 235000010339 sodium tetraborate Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 238000009628 steelmaking Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 description 3
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910052681 coesite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052906 cristobalite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000009847 ladle furnace Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910001338 liquidmetal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000004328 sodium tetraborate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052682 stishovite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052905 tridymite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910001021 Ferroalloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004320 controlled atmosphere Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009533 lab test Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011133 lead Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- YEXPOXQUZXUXJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxolead Chemical compound [Pb]=O YEXPOXQUZXUXJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052596 spinel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011029 spinel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- VLCLHFYFMCKBRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N tricalcium;diborate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[O-]B([O-])[O-].[O-]B([O-])[O-] VLCLHFYFMCKBRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical group [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- 229910000640 Fe alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 241001085205 Prenanthella exigua Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910002090 carbon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910021540 colemanite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005485 electric heating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010423 industrial mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VBMVTYDPPZVILR-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(2+);oxygen(2-) Chemical class [O-2].[Fe+2] VBMVTYDPPZVILR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012263 liquid product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013528 metallic particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- MOWNZPNSYMGTMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxidoboron Chemical class O=[B] MOWNZPNSYMGTMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010079 rubber tapping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012265 solid product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052566 spinel group Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BSVBQGMMJUBVOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N trisodium borate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]B([O-])[O-] BSVBQGMMJUBVOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C5/00—Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B13/00—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes
- C21B13/0046—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes making metallised agglomerates or iron oxide
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B13/00—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes
- C21B13/006—Starting from ores containing non ferrous metallic oxides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B13/00—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes
- C21B13/008—Use of special additives or fluxing agents
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B13/00—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes
- C21B13/10—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes in hearth-type furnaces
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B13/00—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes
- C21B13/14—Multi-stage processes processes carried out in different vessels or furnaces
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C5/00—Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
- C21C5/56—Manufacture of steel by other methods
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B1/00—Preliminary treatment of ores or scrap
- C22B1/14—Agglomerating; Briquetting; Binding; Granulating
- C22B1/24—Binding; Briquetting ; Granulating
- C22B1/242—Binding; Briquetting ; Granulating with binders
- C22B1/244—Binding; Briquetting ; Granulating with binders organic
- C22B1/245—Binding; Briquetting ; Granulating with binders organic with carbonaceous material for the production of coked agglomerates
Definitions
- This invention relates to metallization of metal oxides in ores and subsequent refining to commercial products such as steels and ferroalloys.
- This invention particularly relates to carbon levels in solid products of reduction and the subsequent de-carburization of liquid iron and iron alloys in converters.
- DRI made according to existing commercial "Direct Reduction" processes of ironmaking may be divided into two groups: (1) DRI made in a shaft furnace and rotary kiln which is limited in carbon by chemical reactions, not by supplies, and varies with operating conditions. (2) DRI made in Rotary Hearth Furnaces which has both residual carbon as well as iron oxides with uncertain amounts due to re-oxidation of sponge iron and incomplete reduction.
- my invention is the design of ore-coal composite pellets and the use of a PSH Furnace, so as to take advantage of (1) carbon as the most powerful reducing agent and (2) the introduction of a mechanism to cut-off all reduction reactions at the exhaustion of carbon.
- Figure 1 is a binary phase diagram for the system AL2O3-B2O3;
- Figure 2 is a binary phase diagram for the system B2O 3 -MgO;
- Figure 3 is a binary phase diagram for the system SiO 2 - B 2 O 3 ;
- Figure 4 is a binary phase diagram for the system CaO- B2O3;
- Figure 5 is a photomicrograph of direct reduction iron from green balls without flux additions
- Figure 6 is a photomicrograph of direct reduction iron from green balls with a flux addition of 4 g silica per 100 g of ore;
- Figure 7 is a photomicrograph of direct reduction iron from green balls with a flux addition of 5 g of silica and 1.1. g boron oxide in borax.
- Hot metal from a BF containing 4.5% C and "carbon ferrochrome" from a SAF containing over 6% C are raw materials for making of steels of much less than 1% C and medium carbon ferrochrome of around 2% C, respectively. Therefore, de-carburization is a necessary refining step in the current industrial setting.
- Composite pellets also referred to as "green pellets" made of typical iron ore and medium or high volatile coal with a C/O ratio (where C stands for total carbon in carbonaceous reductants and O stands for combined oxygen in reducible oxides in ore, both in atomic-grams) in the range of 0.95 to 1.05 may be reduced to DRI of 95% metallization in a laboratory under PSH Furnace operating conditions. Subsequently, the melting of the resultant DRI under a controlled atmosphere, without any flux additions to control S & P, may be carried out in an induction furnace to achieve the separation of liquid metal from slag.
- C/O ratio where C stands for total carbon in carbonaceous reductants and O stands for combined oxygen in reducible oxides in ore, both in atomic-grams
- the composition ranges are comparable to liquid steel tapped from a BOF.
- the impurity sulfur (S) is removed partly inside the BF and partly at a de-sulfurizing station between the BF and the BOF.
- Phosphorus (P) is removed externally first (not in North America because domestic raw materials have low P content), then, in the BOF.
- the removal of S and P from liquid iron can be effectively done, because the operating conditions can be controlled to have a very high temperature and slags of high basicity (in comparison to the BF) under a neutral or slightly reducing or oxidizing atmosphere.
- semi liquid steel from a melter of DRI from a PSH Furnace may be used directly in a LF, i.e., bypassing the BOF for most grades of steel using typical North American raw materials.
- Ferroalloys are made in a submerged arc furnace (SAF). This is similar to a BF because both are coke based shaft furnaces, although differing in heat source. In the smelting of chromite ore to produce carbon ferrochrome, a higher temperature is required. With electric heating, a SAF can be operated around 1700°C to satisfy such a requirement. [0014] The most important industrial mineral as a source of chromium is chromite
- FeO.Cr 2 0 3 with some of the Fe replaced with Mg and some of the Cr replaced with Al.
- the composition of one of many types of spinels may be written as (Mg,Fe)(Cr,AI) 2 0 4 .
- Thermodynamically, pure chromium oxide is not much more difficult to reduce than iron oxide.
- the difficulty in making ferrchrome is due to the fact that chromium oxide in the ore is in the form of spinel minerals.
- My invention involves: (1) The making of properly designed composite pellets of chromite ore and coal to produce DRI with a high degree of metallization and controlled and lower residual carbon in PSH type furnaces as explained above. (2) Using a flux added to composite pellets to initiate the making of slag and to promote the growth of metallic particles at a temperature of 1500°C or lower. (3) Melting hot DRI under a controlled atmosphere in a melter (electric heated furnace or a converter heated by oxy-fuel burner) to produce medium carbon ferrochrome of around 2% Carbon, or lower.
- a melter electric heated furnace or a converter heated by oxy-fuel burner
- Figure 6 illustrates the results using a flux addition of 4 g of silica per 100 g of ore.
- Figure 7 illustrates the results from pellets or green balls having a flux addition of 5 g of silica and 1.1 g boron oxide in borax.
- the bright white phase is metallic and the orange phase is slag.
- Priority for control of this end of furnace shifts from the "intensity" of supplying of heat energy to maintain a less oxidizing atmosphere and high temperature to achieve complete metallization and sintering.
- the last one or two burners near the discharging end may be replaced by a plasma torch for this purpose.
- the roof height may be lowered in this section to reflect less gas flow above the bed of DRI.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
Abstract
L'invention porte sur un procédé pour la réduction directe d'oxydes métalliques avec du carbone. Selon le procédé, on forme des boulettes contenant un mélange d'oxydes métalliques ayant des potentiels de réduction qui se suivent lorsqu'ils sont chauffés en présence de carbone et une quantité de carbone suffisante pour réduire les oxydes métalliques plus facilement réduits mais cependant insuffisante pour réduire la totalité des oxydes métalliques. Les boulettes sont chauffées à une température au moins suffisante pour réduire les oxydes métalliques plus facilement réduits pour produire du métal de réduction directe tout en enlevant suffisamment du carbone sous la forme d'oxydes de carbone pendant la réduction pour éviter une étape de décarburation subséquente dans le traitement ultérieur du métal de réduction directe.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US14/113,304 US20140060251A1 (en) | 2011-05-04 | 2012-04-30 | Process of the production and refining of low-carbon dri (direct reduced iron) |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US201161457638P | 2011-05-04 | 2011-05-04 | |
| US61/457,638 | 2011-05-04 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2012149635A1 true WO2012149635A1 (fr) | 2012-11-08 |
Family
ID=47107704
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/CA2012/000387 WO2012149635A1 (fr) | 2011-05-04 | 2012-04-30 | Procédé de production et de raffinage de frd (fer de réduction directe) à faible teneur en carbone |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20140060251A1 (fr) |
| WO (1) | WO2012149635A1 (fr) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2018201218A1 (fr) | 2017-05-02 | 2018-11-08 | Her Majesty The Queen In Right Of Canada As Represented By The Minister Of Natural Resources | Réduction carbothermique directe de chromite au moyen d'un catalyseur pour la production d'alliage de ferrochrome |
| US10358693B2 (en) | 2017-10-20 | 2019-07-23 | Her Majesty The Queen In Right Of Canada, As Represented By The Minister Of Natural Resources | Method of direct reduction of chromite with cryolite additive |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115786739B (zh) * | 2022-11-23 | 2024-01-23 | 北京科技大学 | 一种提高铬矿合金化率的方法 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB929201A (en) * | 1959-08-24 | 1963-06-19 | Tohoku Denki Seitetsu Kabushik | Method of recovering nickel and iron from laterite ore by preferential reduction |
| US5567224A (en) * | 1995-06-06 | 1996-10-22 | Armco Inc. | Method of reducing metal oxide in a rotary hearth furnace heated by an oxidizing flame |
| US20040154436A1 (en) * | 2001-06-18 | 2004-08-12 | Shuzo Ito | Method for producing granular metal |
| US20060096420A1 (en) * | 2003-01-07 | 2006-05-11 | Hiroshi Sugitatsu | Method for reducing chromium containing raw material |
| US20080069763A1 (en) * | 2002-10-08 | 2008-03-20 | Kabushiki Kaisha Kobe Seiko Sho (Kobe Steel, Ltd) | Method for manufacturing titanium oxide-containing slag |
| WO2010023691A1 (fr) * | 2008-08-30 | 2010-03-04 | Tata Steel Limited | Procédé de séparation de zinc et d'extraction de fer dans des minerais de fer à haute teneur en zinc |
| CN102051482A (zh) * | 2010-12-17 | 2011-05-11 | 兰州三普电力有限公司 | 微波直接还原铬铁粉矿的工艺及其专用坩埚 |
Family Cites Families (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB191128829A (en) * | 1911-12-21 | 1912-12-23 | George Otis Gridley | Improvements in and relating to Machine Tools. |
| GB1397200A (en) * | 1972-04-04 | 1975-06-11 | Ici Australia Ltd | Process of producing metallic iron from iron oxides |
| JPS6023182B2 (ja) * | 1979-12-01 | 1985-06-06 | 新日本製鐵株式会社 | 中炭素高クロム溶湯の溶製方法 |
| JPS61111947A (ja) * | 1984-11-01 | 1986-05-30 | 川崎製鉄株式会社 | 製鋼スラグの改質方法 |
| CA2299109C (fr) * | 1999-02-26 | 2010-08-24 | Wei-Kao Lu | Fours a soles droits apparies pour la reduction d'oxyde metallique |
| US20120285295A1 (en) * | 2004-12-07 | 2012-11-15 | Nu-Iron Technology, Llc | Method for producing metallic iron nuggets |
| CN100507013C (zh) * | 2006-09-13 | 2009-07-01 | 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 | 利用铬矿粉和煤直接生产铬铁合金的方法 |
-
2012
- 2012-04-30 WO PCT/CA2012/000387 patent/WO2012149635A1/fr active Application Filing
- 2012-04-30 US US14/113,304 patent/US20140060251A1/en not_active Abandoned
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| GB929201A (en) * | 1959-08-24 | 1963-06-19 | Tohoku Denki Seitetsu Kabushik | Method of recovering nickel and iron from laterite ore by preferential reduction |
| US5567224A (en) * | 1995-06-06 | 1996-10-22 | Armco Inc. | Method of reducing metal oxide in a rotary hearth furnace heated by an oxidizing flame |
| US20040154436A1 (en) * | 2001-06-18 | 2004-08-12 | Shuzo Ito | Method for producing granular metal |
| US20080069763A1 (en) * | 2002-10-08 | 2008-03-20 | Kabushiki Kaisha Kobe Seiko Sho (Kobe Steel, Ltd) | Method for manufacturing titanium oxide-containing slag |
| US20060096420A1 (en) * | 2003-01-07 | 2006-05-11 | Hiroshi Sugitatsu | Method for reducing chromium containing raw material |
| WO2010023691A1 (fr) * | 2008-08-30 | 2010-03-04 | Tata Steel Limited | Procédé de séparation de zinc et d'extraction de fer dans des minerais de fer à haute teneur en zinc |
| CN102051482A (zh) * | 2010-12-17 | 2011-05-11 | 兰州三普电力有限公司 | 微波直接还原铬铁粉矿的工艺及其专用坩埚 |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2018201218A1 (fr) | 2017-05-02 | 2018-11-08 | Her Majesty The Queen In Right Of Canada As Represented By The Minister Of Natural Resources | Réduction carbothermique directe de chromite au moyen d'un catalyseur pour la production d'alliage de ferrochrome |
| US10358693B2 (en) | 2017-10-20 | 2019-07-23 | Her Majesty The Queen In Right Of Canada, As Represented By The Minister Of Natural Resources | Method of direct reduction of chromite with cryolite additive |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US20140060251A1 (en) | 2014-03-06 |
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