WO2012147227A1 - Business model for methane-suppressed cultivation method - Google Patents

Business model for methane-suppressed cultivation method Download PDF

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WO2012147227A1
WO2012147227A1 PCT/JP2011/075695 JP2011075695W WO2012147227A1 WO 2012147227 A1 WO2012147227 A1 WO 2012147227A1 JP 2011075695 W JP2011075695 W JP 2011075695W WO 2012147227 A1 WO2012147227 A1 WO 2012147227A1
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methane
emission
suppression
cultivation
amount
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PCT/JP2011/075695
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French (fr)
Japanese (ja)
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佐藤　裕隆
健二 松根
智 喜多
剛 正保
佐々木　剛
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住友林業株式会社
住友金属工業株式会社
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Publication of WO2012147227A1 publication Critical patent/WO2012147227A1/en

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G06Q90/00—Systems or methods specially adapted for administrative, commercial, financial, managerial or supervisory purposes, not involving significant data processing
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
    • A01G22/20—Cereals
    • A01G22/22—Rice
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G06Q50/00—Information and communication technology [ICT] specially adapted for implementation of business processes of specific business sectors, e.g. utilities or tourism
    • G06Q50/02—Agriculture; Fishing; Forestry; Mining
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
    • Y02P60/20—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions in agriculture, e.g. CO2
    • Y02P60/22—Methane [CH4], e.g. from rice paddies
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
    • Y02P60/30—Land use policy measures

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a business model of a methane-suppressed cultivation method, and more specifically to a method for suppressing methane emission from wetlands such as paddy fields.
  • Methane gas (hereinafter sometimes referred to as “methane”) accounts for 14% of the global warming gas (greenhouse gas) generated on the earth, and one of the sources is known to be paddy fields. Since paddy fields are vast in the world, reducing the amount of methane generated from them is an urgent task for paddy rice growing countries including Japan, but no effective measures have been taken.
  • the present inventors diligently studied a method for allowing the existing technology to be used more widely. As a result, the above problems were solved by giving an economic incentive to the rice producers. As a result of further research, the present invention has been completed.
  • the present invention relates to a method for increasing the suppression of methane emissions from paddy fields comprising the following steps: Emission amount calculating step for calculating the emission amount (A) of methane normally generated when paddy rice is cultivated in the paddy field from the basic cultivation parameters of paddy rice in the paddy field; Control rate (B1) or suppression that suppresses methane emission from water level management and methane suppression cultivation parameters related to methane emission including the amount of methane generation suppression materials used when paddy rice is cultivated in the paddy field Suppression rate to calculate the hourly emission amount (B2) or emission amount calculation step at the time of suppression; Discount rate (C) of methane emission suppression that calibrates the methane suppression cultivation parameters by discount rate information including methane generation suppression material use information in the period during which the paddy rice was cultivated after the paddy rice was cultivated in the paddy field A discount rate calculating step for calculating (0 ⁇ C ⁇ 1); A reduction amount calculating step of calculating a reduction amount of methane emission in the
  • the cultivation basic parameters are provided, stored in the member database, and collated with the information stored in the BAU scenario database, so that the emission amount (A) of methane is calculated in the emission amount calculation step.
  • the method Furthermore, the present invention provides a methane-suppressed cultivation parameter, is stored in the cultivation information database, and is collated with information stored in the cultivation information database. B1) or a controlled emission (B2) is calculated. Still further, the present invention relates to the use of the methane generation suppression material usage information in comparison with the information stored in the methane generation suppression material sales database for the methane generation suppression material sales volume sold by the methane generation suppression material producer. The discount rate (C) is calculated in the rate calculating step.
  • the present invention relates to any one of the above methods, wherein the discount rate information further includes water level information.
  • the present invention also relates to any one of the above methods, further comprising the step of causing the seller of the methane generation suppressing material to issue a sales history of the methane generation suppressing material as confirmation of the monitoring and verification of paddy rice cultivation with reduced methane emission.
  • the present invention provides the basic cultivation parameters of paddy rice from the soil type and / or analysis data, the cultivation time, the water level adjustment system, the fertilization management, the cultivated variety, the cultivation density, and the weather data of the place where the cultivation is performed. It relates to any of the above methods comprising one or more of the above.
  • the present invention relates to any one of the above methods, wherein the methane-suppressed cultivation parameters further include one or more kinds from various cultivation data, the amount of organic matter used, and the presence or absence of no-tillage cultivation.
  • the present invention relates to any one of the above methods, wherein the methane generation suppressing material includes steelmaking slag.
  • the present invention still further relates to any of the above methods comprising the following steps: An organization to which two or more creditors belong, monitoring at least the application of methane generation control materials and water level control in each paddy's paddy field; The organization reports the results of the monitoring to a carbon credit certification body; A carbon credit certifying body granting carbon credits to the organization based on preset criteria and reported monitoring results; and the organization grants the carbon credits according to the cultivation area of each creditor. Step to distribute to each creditor.
  • this invention relates to the paddy rice produced in the paddy field used for one of the said methods.
  • the present inventors have constructed a method (model) that can implement a method for suppressing methane gas emission with an economic incentive added. That is, according to the present invention, by applying a carbon credit as a price to a creditor who has purchased and applied a methane generation suppression material that is a methane emission suppression material, the methane generation suppression material can be applied at a lower cost than in the past. Therefore, the increase in the amount of the methane generation suppression material can promote the reduction of the emission amount of methane, which is a warming gas. Therefore, the present invention contributes to the solution of global environmental problems, particularly the global warming problem, by applying methane generation suppression materials in preference to other soil improvement materials that have no methane emission suppression effect. It contributes to the spread of environmental conservation agriculture.
  • methane emission can be further reduced by suitable selection of cultivation basic parameters, methane suppression cultivation parameters, and types of methane generation suppression materials. Further, in the present invention, a system for suppressing methane emission can be managed more easily by creating a database of various parameters.
  • a carbon credit certification body that creates an organization to which two or more creditors belong, such as a water users association, monitors methane generation suppression material application and water level control in each paddy field, and grants carbon credits According to the method including the step of reporting to, since the suppression of methane emission can be grasped more accurately and objectively, the amount of methane emission can be reduced more efficiently.
  • the method for producing paddy rice for carrying out the method of the present invention it is possible to reduce methane emission accompanying paddy rice cultivation. Since the paddy rice produced by the method for producing paddy rice can be premiered as greenhouse gas-suppressed rice, it contributes to the profits of growers or creditors.
  • the methane generation suppressing material used in the method of the present invention is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include slag and chelated iron. Of these, slag is considered to have an effect of increasing yield because it contains trace elements necessary for plant growth. Therefore, the method of the present invention in which slag is used is more effective not only in Japan but also in Southeast Asian countries where the second and third cropping are performed at high temperatures throughout the year.
  • industries offices / buildings, department stores, wholesale retailers, restaurants, schools, hotels / inns, hospitals, theaters / amusements, and other services ( Environmental load increase by using electricity, gas and water meter reading slips via a fax communication network and internet network that can be connected to fax machines owned by welfare facilities))
  • Patent Document 1 a greenhouse gas emission trading system that quantifies and credits a reduction amount to provide.
  • the system is similar to the present invention in that greenhouse gas emissions trading is performed, but it goes without saying the type of greenhouse gas to be targeted (carbon dioxide) and the configuration of steps involved.
  • the idea is “Consider a net auction format system that allows you to participate in the trading of greenhouse gas emissions from anywhere, with a method that allows you to participate in trading of greenhouse gas reductions at any time and easy input to measure self-reductions (same as described)” That is, it is completely different from the idea of the present invention.
  • increasing suppression of methane emission means that suppression of methane emission becomes larger, and the degree of increase is not limited.
  • the present invention comprises the steps shown in FIG. While describing each of these steps, the present invention will be described in more detail below.
  • a person who is given a carbon credit by implementing the present invention is referred to as a creditor in this specification. Creditors are not limited, but may be project developers or companies in addition to growers themselves. In this specification, the grower in the case of “grower or creditor” may or may not be a creditor. Moreover, as a practitioner who implements the present invention, a local government or a country is assumed in addition to the project developer or the company.
  • Step for obtaining emission amount (A) of methane In the present invention, first, the emission amount (A) of methane and the suppression rate (B1) or the emission amount (B2) at the time of suppression can be suppressed. From the methane emission amount (A) and the suppression rate (B1) or the suppression emission amount (B2), a predicted value of the methane emission suppression amount is obtained.
  • Methane emission (A) is obtained from basic cultivation parameters of paddy rice in the paddy field of the creditor.
  • a method for obtaining the emission amount (A) of methane from the basic cultivation parameters including these is known (Non-Patent Document 1).
  • the cultivation basic parameters one or more kinds of soil type and / or analysis data, cultivation time, water level adjustment system, fertilizer management, cultivated variety, cultivation density and weather data of the place where cultivation is performed are used. The inclusion is preferred.
  • the “slag” in the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it contains a mineral component of an ore host rock separated by melting from a metal that is a metallurgical object when a metal is smelted from ore.
  • preferred slag is steel slag (iron slag) including blast furnace slag and steelmaking slag, and steelmaking slag is particularly preferred because it has a high content of silicic acid and trace elements and is a preferred material for growing rice.
  • Step of obtaining the suppression rate (B1) or emission at the time of suppression (B2) Step of obtaining the suppression rate (B1) or the emission at the time of suppression (B2), the methane suppression adopted in the paddy field of the creditor Based on the cultivation parameters, the suppression rate at which the emission of methane is suppressed or the emission at the time of suppression is calculated.
  • the suppression rate (B1) is the emission amount of methane, which is the reduction amount of methane emission that is considered to be reduced when the methane suppression cultivation parameters are considered. It is a ratio to (A).
  • the emission amount (B2) at the time of suppression is an emission amount that takes into consideration the emission amount of methane that is considered to be reduced when the methane-suppressed cultivation parameters are considered. That is, the reduction amount of methane emission when the methane-suppressed cultivation parameters are taken into consideration is obtained by the formula A ⁇ B1 or the formula A-B2.
  • a method for obtaining a suppression rate (B1) or a suppression emission amount (B2) from the methane suppression cultivation parameters is also known (Non-Patent Document 1).
  • the methane-suppressed cultivation parameters include at least water level management and the amount of methane generation-suppressing material used.
  • Step of obtaining discount rate (C) Next, after the paddy rice is cultivated in the paddy field, the methane-suppressed cultivation parameter is obtained by discount rate information including methane generation suppressing material use information in the period during which the paddy rice is cultivated. Calculate the discount rate (C) (0 ⁇ C ⁇ 1) of suppression of methane emission.
  • This step calibrates and applies the methane-suppressed cultivation parameters, and obtains the actual value of the methane emission suppression amount from the discount rate information including the methane generation suppression material usage information, and the methane emission suppression discount rate Is the step of calculating Depending on the application amount of the methane generation suppressing material, the discount rate is set to zero if the amount exceeds the specified amount, and the discount rate is set to be higher as the application amount is smaller.
  • the methane generation suppression material use information is preferable because it becomes more accurate by collating sales information from the methane generation suppression material seller.
  • the method in which the discount rate information further includes water level information is preferable because the discount rate is calculated more accurately.
  • methane emissions are reduced by providing a period of non-irrigation in water level management. Therefore, when the water level is higher than the specified value, the discount rate is increased.
  • the suppression rate or the emission amount at the time of suppression is obtained as the suppression rate (B1) (0 ⁇ B1 ⁇ 1)
  • the suppression rate or the emission amount at the time of suppression is calculated by the formula A ⁇ B1 ⁇ C ( B2)
  • the reduction amount of methane emission can be calculated by the equation (A ⁇ B2) ⁇ C. That is, the step of calculating the reduction amount of the methane emission is a step of calculating the actual reduction amount of methane emission.
  • the method further includes the step of causing the seller of the methane generation suppressing material to issue a sales history of the methane generation suppressing material as confirmation of the monitoring and verification of the methane emission reduction paddy rice cultivation.
  • the amount of consideration when slag is applied as a methane generation suppression material is calculated as follows, for example.
  • Methane emission control including application of steelmaking slag reduces methane emission by 50% in paddy rice cultivation.
  • the amount of methane emission per unit area is 20 tons-CO 2 / ha, which is 5 US $ / ton-CO 2 . If the price is obtained, the price per unit area is 50 US $ / ha.
  • Such consideration can sufficiently cover the slag application cost.
  • Such consideration is obtained by weighting up the effect of increasing sales due to the application of slag, and its significance is significant.
  • Cultivation basic parameters are provided, stored in the member database, and collated with information stored in the BAU (Business as Usual) scenario database to calculate the emission amount of methane (A) in the emission calculation step thing;
  • Methane-suppressed cultivation parameters are provided, stored in the cultivation information database, and checked against the information stored in the cultivation information database, so that the inhibition rate (B1) or emission at the time of inhibition is calculated in the emission rate calculation step during inhibition.
  • the quantity (B2) is calculated;
  • the methane generation suppression material usage information and water level information are compared with the information stored in the methane generation suppression material sales database and the weather database about the methane generation suppression material sales volume sold by the methane generation suppression material producer, respectively.
  • a discount rate (C) is calculated in the rate calculation step. Techniques for performing these methods are known in the art.
  • the said cultivation basic parameter, methane suppression cultivation parameter, methane generation suppression material use information, and water level information may each be provided via the internet. Also, the grower or creditor may provide these.
  • FIG. An organization to which two or more creditors belong, monitoring at least the application of methane generation control materials and water level control in each paddy's paddy field; The organization reports the results of the monitoring to a carbon credit certification body; A carbon credit certifying body granting carbon credits to the organization based on preset criteria and reported monitoring results; and the organization grants the carbon credits according to the cultivation area of each creditor. Step to distribute to each creditor.
  • the organization may be a water association, for example.
  • the irrigation association can purchase methane generation suppression materials from methane generation suppression material suppliers and sell the methane generation suppression materials to growers or creditors.
  • the representative of the WUA may monitor the status of each grower or creditor's application of methane generation suppression materials and water level control, and may also monitor the implementation of no-tillage cultivation.
  • the monitoring result is reported to a carbon credit certification organization such as a CDM (Clean Development Mechanism) secretariat through the organization, and the creditor can obtain carbon credit as compensation.
  • the carbon credit is distributed according to the area of the paddy field of each grower or creditor, and the monetary value can be used for the purchase price of the methane generation suppression material.
  • CER Carbon credits
  • growers or creditors the consideration for growers or creditors is that the CER itself is given to consumers of emission credits (electric power companies, steel manufacturers, etc.), and then the monetary consideration (cash) equivalent to the CER is received from the consumer. It may be distributed to growers or creditors. The monetary consideration in this case may be distributed directly as an incentive by the consumer, or may be distributed through various financial institutions. However, in the present invention, the use of the carbon credit certification organization and the financial institution is not an essential configuration in the present invention. Further, the consideration for the grower or creditor may be distributed as CER to the grower or creditor from the CER database or the like.
  • the present invention also relates to paddy rice produced in the paddy field used in any of the above methods.
  • the paddy rice can be sold as a greenhouse gas-suppressed rice with a premier, and provides a greater profit to growers or creditors.
  • the present invention it is possible to promote the reduction of the emission amount of methane, which is a greenhouse gas. Therefore, the present invention greatly contributes to the development of paddy rice cultivation industry and related industries.

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Abstract

Provided is a method for more widely spreading the use of an existing technique for suppressing methane emission. A method for increasing suppression of methane from a paddy field, the method including the following steps: an emission amount calculation step for calculating, from a basic cultivation parameter for rice in a paddy field, the emission amount (A) of methane normally generated when rice is cultivated in the paddy field; a suppressed emission amount calculation step for calculating the rate of suppression of methane emission (B1) or the suppressed emission amount (B2) from a methane-suppressed cultivation parameter that is used when rice is cultivated in the paddy field and that relates to emission of methane including water-level management and the amount of material used for suppressing the generation of methane; a discount rate calculation step for calculating a discount rate (C) (0 ≤ C ≤ 1) for the suppression of methane emission for calibrating the methane-suppressed cultivation parameter after rice has been cultivated in the paddy field, by using discount rate information including information about the use of material used for suppressing the generation of methane during the period in which the rice has been cultivated,; a reduction calculation step for calculating the reduction in methane emission from the paddy field using the formula A × B1 × C or the formula (A - B2) × C in which the rate of suppression (B1) or the suppressed emission amount (B2) is used; and a carbon-credit-awarding step for acquiring carbon credits as compensation for the reduction amount, and awarding the carbon credits to a creditor.

Description

メタン抑制栽培法のビジネスモデルBusiness model of methane-suppressed cultivation method
　本発明は、メタン抑制栽培法のビジネスモデルに関し、より具体的には、水田等の湿地からのメタンの排出を抑制するための方法に関する。 The present invention relates to a business model of a methane-suppressed cultivation method, and more specifically to a method for suppressing methane emission from wetlands such as paddy fields.
　メタンガス（以下「メタン」ということがある）は地球上で発生する温暖化ガス（温室効果ガス）の１４％を占めるところ、その発生源の一つが水田であることが知られている。水田は世界的に面積が広大であるため、そこからのメタン発生量を削減することは我が国を含む水稲栽培国の急務であるが、有効な施策は取られていない。 Methane gas (hereinafter sometimes referred to as “methane”) accounts for 14% of the global warming gas (greenhouse gas) generated on the earth, and one of the sources is known to be paddy fields. Since paddy fields are vast in the world, reducing the amount of methane generated from them is an urgent task for paddy rice growing countries including Japan, but no effective measures have been taken.
　メタンの発生を抑制する方法や作用を有する物質自体は知られている。
　例えば、近年の研究成果により、水田の水位コントロール（無潅水の期間を作る）や、不耕起栽培によって、メタンの放出が抑えられるという知見が得られている。
　また、鉄鋼の製造工程で産出されるスラグ等の資材が、メタン発生の抑制効果を有することも明らかになっている。 Methods for suppressing the generation of methane and substances having an action themselves are known.
For example, recent research results have provided the knowledge that methane emissions can be suppressed by controlling the water level of paddy fields (making a period of no irrigation) and no-tillage cultivation.
It has also been clarified that materials such as slag produced in the steel manufacturing process have an effect of suppressing methane generation.
特開２０１０－９７５７７号公報JP 2010-97577 A
　上記のような研究成果による知見があるにもかかわらず、メタンの発生を抑制する方法や作用を有する物質の水田への適用はほとんどなされていないのが現状である。その理由として、手間の問題もさることながら、必要な資材を購入することによりコストが増大することも大きな問題として存在する。　
　また、メタンの排出削減を行うことに対するインセンティブを与える手法として、メタンの発生を抑制する栽培を行った者に排出権を与えることが考えられるが、該排出権を発生させるための方法論、モニタリングや検証の手法も確立されていない。 In spite of the findings from the above research results, there are almost no methods for suppressing the generation of methane or substances having an action to paddy fields. As a reason for this, not only the problem of labor, but also the increase in cost by purchasing necessary materials exists as a major problem.
In addition, as a method to give incentives for reducing methane emissions, it is conceivable to give emission rights to those who have cultivated to suppress the generation of methane. No verification method has been established.
　したがって、メタン排出の抑制のための既存の技術がより広汎に使われるようにするための方法はメタン排出の抑制に資するものであるにもかかわらず、かかる方法は見出されていないばかりでなく、それを提供することはこれまでは課題として取り上げられることさえなかったのである。 Thus, while existing methods for reducing methane emissions are being used more extensively, such methods have not been found, although they contribute to reducing methane emissions. Providing it has never been taken up as a challenge.
　本発明者らは上記課題に鑑み、上記既存の技術がより広汎に使われるようにするための方法について鋭意検討したところ、水稲の生産者に経済的なインセンティブを与えることによって上記課題が解決される可能性があることに着目し、さらに研究を進めた結果、本発明を完成するに至った。
　すなわち、本発明は、以下のステップを含む、水田からのメタンの排出の抑制を増大する方法に関する：
　前記水田における水稲の栽培基本パラメータから、該水田において水稲が栽培された場合に通常発生するメタンの排出量（Ａ）を計算する排出量計算ステップ；
　前記水田において水稲が栽培される際に採用される、水位管理およびメタン発生抑制資材の使用量を含むメタンの排出に関するメタン抑制栽培パラメータから、メタンの排出が抑制される抑制率（Ｂ１）または抑制時排出量（Ｂ２）を計算する抑制率または抑制時排出量計算ステップ；
　前記水田において水稲が栽培された後に、該水稲が栽培された期間におけるメタン発生抑制資材使用情報を含む割引率情報によって、前記メタン抑制栽培パラメータを較正するメタンの排出の抑制の割引率（Ｃ）（０≦Ｃ≦１）を計算する割引率計算ステップ； 
　抑制率（Ｂ１）または抑制時排出量（Ｂ２）を用いた式Ａ×Ｂ１×Ｃまたは式（Ａ－Ｂ２）×Ｃにより、前記水田におけるメタン排出の削減量を計算する削減量計算ステップ；および
　前記削減量の対価として炭素クレジットが取得され、債権者に前記炭素クレジットが付与される炭素クレジット付与ステップ。 In view of the above-mentioned problems, the present inventors diligently studied a method for allowing the existing technology to be used more widely. As a result, the above problems were solved by giving an economic incentive to the rice producers. As a result of further research, the present invention has been completed.
That is, the present invention relates to a method for increasing the suppression of methane emissions from paddy fields comprising the following steps:
Emission amount calculating step for calculating the emission amount (A) of methane normally generated when paddy rice is cultivated in the paddy field from the basic cultivation parameters of paddy rice in the paddy field;
Control rate (B1) or suppression that suppresses methane emission from water level management and methane suppression cultivation parameters related to methane emission including the amount of methane generation suppression materials used when paddy rice is cultivated in the paddy field Suppression rate to calculate the hourly emission amount (B2) or emission amount calculation step at the time of suppression;
Discount rate (C) of methane emission suppression that calibrates the methane suppression cultivation parameters by discount rate information including methane generation suppression material use information in the period during which the paddy rice was cultivated after the paddy rice was cultivated in the paddy field A discount rate calculating step for calculating (0 ≦ C ≦ 1);
A reduction amount calculating step of calculating a reduction amount of methane emission in the paddy field by the formula A × B1 × C or the formula (A−B2) × C using the suppression rate (B1) or the emission amount at the time of suppression (B2); and A carbon credit granting step in which a carbon credit is acquired as a consideration for the reduction amount, and the creditor is given the carbon credit.
　また、本発明は、栽培基本パラメータが提供され、会員データベースに格納され、ＢＡＵシナリオデータベースに格納されている情報と照合されることにより、排出量計算ステップにおいてメタンの排出量（Ａ）が計算される、前記方法に関する。
　さらに、本発明は、メタン抑制栽培パラメータが提供され、栽培情報データベースに格納され、栽培情報データベースに格納されている情報と照合されることにより、抑制率または抑制時排出量計算ステップにおいて抑制率（Ｂ１）または抑制時排出量（Ｂ２）が計算される、前記方法に関する。
　またさらに、本発明は、メタン発生抑制資材使用情報が、メタン発生抑制資材生産者によって販売されたメタン発生抑制資材販売量についてのメタン発生抑制資材販売データベースに格納されている情報と照合され、割引率計算ステップにおいて割引率（Ｃ）が計算される、前記方法に関する。
　また、さらに、本発明は、割引率情報が、さらに水位情報を含む、前記いずれか方法に関する。
　また、本発明は、メタン排出削減水稲栽培のモニタリングおよび検証の確証として、メタン発生抑制資材の販売者にメタン発生抑制資材の販売履歴を発行させるステップをさらに含む、前記いずれかの方法に関する。 Further, according to the present invention, the cultivation basic parameters are provided, stored in the member database, and collated with the information stored in the BAU scenario database, so that the emission amount (A) of methane is calculated in the emission amount calculation step. The method.
Furthermore, the present invention provides a methane-suppressed cultivation parameter, is stored in the cultivation information database, and is collated with information stored in the cultivation information database. B1) or a controlled emission (B2) is calculated.
Still further, the present invention relates to the use of the methane generation suppression material usage information in comparison with the information stored in the methane generation suppression material sales database for the methane generation suppression material sales volume sold by the methane generation suppression material producer. The discount rate (C) is calculated in the rate calculating step.
Furthermore, the present invention relates to any one of the above methods, wherein the discount rate information further includes water level information.
The present invention also relates to any one of the above methods, further comprising the step of causing the seller of the methane generation suppressing material to issue a sales history of the methane generation suppressing material as confirmation of the monitoring and verification of paddy rice cultivation with reduced methane emission.
　さらにまた、本発明は、水稲の栽培基本パラメータが、土壌の種類および／または分析データ、栽培時期、水位調整システム、肥培管理、栽培される品種、栽培密度および栽培が行われる場所の気象データからの１種または２種以上を含む、前記いずれかの方法に関する。
　また、本発明は、メタン抑制栽培パラメータが、各種栽培データ、使用される有機物の量および不耕起栽培の有無からの１種または２種以上をさらに含む、前記いずれかの方法に関する。
　さらに本発明は、メタン発生抑制資材が製鋼スラグを含む、前記いずれかの方法に関する。 Furthermore, the present invention provides the basic cultivation parameters of paddy rice from the soil type and / or analysis data, the cultivation time, the water level adjustment system, the fertilization management, the cultivated variety, the cultivation density, and the weather data of the place where the cultivation is performed. It relates to any of the above methods comprising one or more of the above.
In addition, the present invention relates to any one of the above methods, wherein the methane-suppressed cultivation parameters further include one or more kinds from various cultivation data, the amount of organic matter used, and the presence or absence of no-tillage cultivation.
Furthermore, the present invention relates to any one of the above methods, wherein the methane generation suppressing material includes steelmaking slag.
　またさらに本発明は、以下のステップを含む、前記いずれかの方法に関する：
　２以上の債権者が所属する組織が、少なくとも各債権者の水田におけるメタン発生抑制資材施用および水位コントロールをモニタリングするステップ、
　該組織が、モニタリングの結果を炭素クレジット認証機関に報告するステップ、
　炭素クレジット認証機関が、予め設定された基準および報告されたモニタリングの結果に基づいて、該組織に炭素クレジットを付与するステップ、および
　該組織が、各債権者の栽培面積に応じて前記炭素クレジットを各債権者に分配するステップ。 The present invention still further relates to any of the above methods comprising the following steps:
An organization to which two or more creditors belong, monitoring at least the application of methane generation control materials and water level control in each paddy's paddy field;
The organization reports the results of the monitoring to a carbon credit certification body;
A carbon credit certifying body granting carbon credits to the organization based on preset criteria and reported monitoring results; and the organization grants the carbon credits according to the cultivation area of each creditor. Step to distribute to each creditor.
　そして、本発明は、前記いずれかの方法に用いられた水田において生産される水稲に関する。 And this invention relates to the paddy rice produced in the paddy field used for one of the said methods.
　本発明者らは、メタンガス排出の抑制方法を、経済的インセンティブを付加した形で実施できる方法（モデル）を構築した。
　すなわち、本発明によれば、メタン排出抑制資材であるメタン発生抑制資材を購入・施用した債権者に炭素クレジットを対価として付与することによりメタン発生抑制資材を従来に比較して安価で施用することが可能となるため、メタン発生抑制資材の使用量の増大により、温暖化ガスであるメタンの排出量の低減を促進することができる。したがって、本発明は、メタン排出抑制効果を有さない他の土壌改良資材に優先してメタン発生抑制資材が施用されるようにすることによって、地球環境問題、とくに温暖化問題の解決に寄与する環境保全型農業の普及に貢献するものである。 The present inventors have constructed a method (model) that can implement a method for suppressing methane gas emission with an economic incentive added.
That is, according to the present invention, by applying a carbon credit as a price to a creditor who has purchased and applied a methane generation suppression material that is a methane emission suppression material, the methane generation suppression material can be applied at a lower cost than in the past. Therefore, the increase in the amount of the methane generation suppression material can promote the reduction of the emission amount of methane, which is a warming gas. Therefore, the present invention contributes to the solution of global environmental problems, particularly the global warming problem, by applying methane generation suppression materials in preference to other soil improvement materials that have no methane emission suppression effect. It contributes to the spread of environmental conservation agriculture.
　本発明においては、栽培基本パラメータ、メタン抑制栽培パラメータ、メタン発生抑制資材の種類の好適な選択により、メタンの排出量を一層削減することができる。
　また、本発明においては、各種パラメータをデータベース化することによって、より簡便にメタン排出抑制のシステムを管理することができる。 In the present invention, methane emission can be further reduced by suitable selection of cultivation basic parameters, methane suppression cultivation parameters, and types of methane generation suppression materials.
Further, in the present invention, a system for suppressing methane emission can be managed more easily by creating a database of various parameters.
　本発明のうち、水利組合のような２以上の債権者が所属する組織を作り、各債権者の水田におけるメタン発生抑制資材施用および水位コントロールをモニタリングして、炭素クレジットを付与する炭素クレジット認証機関に報告するステップを含むものによれば、メタン排出の抑制がより正確かつ客観的に把握されるため、メタンの排出量をより一層効率的に削減することができる。 Among the present invention, a carbon credit certification body that creates an organization to which two or more creditors belong, such as a water users association, monitors methane generation suppression material application and water level control in each paddy field, and grants carbon credits According to the method including the step of reporting to, since the suppression of methane emission can be grasped more accurately and objectively, the amount of methane emission can be reduced more efficiently.
　さらに、本発明の方法を行うための水稲を生産する方法によれば、水稲栽培に伴うメタンの排出量を低減することができる。
　前記水稲を生産する方法によって生産された水稲は、温暖化ガス抑制米として、プレミアをつけることが可能となるため、栽培者または債権者の利益に資するものである。 Furthermore, according to the method for producing paddy rice for carrying out the method of the present invention, it is possible to reduce methane emission accompanying paddy rice cultivation.
Since the paddy rice produced by the method for producing paddy rice can be premiered as greenhouse gas-suppressed rice, it contributes to the profits of growers or creditors.
　本発明の方法において用いられるメタン発生抑制資材はとくに限定されないところ、スラグやキレート鉄が例示される。これらのうち、スラグは、植物の生育に必要な微量元素も含むため増収効果も有すると考えられる。したがって、スラグが用いられる本発明の方法は、日本国内のみならず、年間通じて高温で２期作、３期作が行われる東南アジア諸国等において、一層有効である。 The methane generation suppressing material used in the method of the present invention is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include slag and chelated iron. Of these, slag is considered to have an effect of increasing yield because it contains trace elements necessary for plant growth. Therefore, the method of the present invention in which slag is used is more effective not only in Japan but also in Southeast Asian countries where the second and third cropping are performed at high temperatures throughout the year.
　なお、温暖化ガス排出量取引システムとして、家庭や業務事業所（９業種＝事務所・ビル、デパート、卸小売業、飲食店、学校、ホテル・旅館、病院、劇場・娯楽場、その他サービス（福祉施設等））をいう）が所有するファクス器機や光学式読取り装置付携帯電話を接続可能なファクス通信網とインターネット網を介して電気、ガス、水道の検針票を利用して環境負荷増加量及び低減量を定量化とクレジット化して提供する温暖化ガス排出量取引システムが知られている（特許文献１）。 The greenhouse gas emissions trading system includes households and business establishments (9 industries = offices / buildings, department stores, wholesale retailers, restaurants, schools, hotels / inns, hospitals, theaters / amusements, and other services ( Environmental load increase by using electricity, gas and water meter reading slips via a fax communication network and internet network that can be connected to fax machines owned by welfare facilities))) In addition, a greenhouse gas emission trading system that quantifies and credits a reduction amount to provide is known (Patent Document 1).
　該システムは、温暖化ガス排出量取引が行われる点において本発明と類似するものではあるが、対象である温暖化ガスの種類（二酸化炭素）や含まれるステップの構成は言うに及ばず、その思想は「温暖化ガス削減量をいつでも売買に参加できる方式と簡単入力で自己削減量が測れ（原記載のまま）どこからでも温暖化ガス排出量取引システムに参加出来るネットオークション形式システムを考慮する」ことであって、本願発明の思想とはまったく異なるものである。 The system is similar to the present invention in that greenhouse gas emissions trading is performed, but it goes without saying the type of greenhouse gas to be targeted (carbon dioxide) and the configuration of steps involved. The idea is “Consider a net auction format system that allows you to participate in the trading of greenhouse gas emissions from anywhere, with a method that allows you to participate in trading of greenhouse gas reductions at any time and easy input to measure self-reductions (same as described)” That is, it is completely different from the idea of the present invention.
本発明の方法の概略を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the outline of the method of this invention. 本発明の方法の一態様を示す図である。なお、図中、「ＣＥＲ」（Certified Emission Reduction）は認証排出削減量を示し、本発明においては炭素クレジットと等価である。　また、一点鎖線で囲まれた部分は本発明の本質的な部分を示す。It is a figure which shows one aspect | mode of the method of this invention. In the figure, “CER” (Certified Emission Reduction) indicates a certified emission reduction amount, which is equivalent to a carbon credit in the present invention. Further, the part surrounded by the alternate long and short dash line indicates the essential part of the present invention.
（定義）
　本明細書において「メタンの排出の抑制を増大する」とは、メタンの排出の抑制がより大きくなることを意味し、大きくなる程度は限定されない。 (Definition)
In the present specification, “increasing suppression of methane emission” means that suppression of methane emission becomes larger, and the degree of increase is not limited.
　本発明は、図１にも示される各ステップからなる。これら各ステップについて述べながら、本発明を以下により詳細に説明する。
　なお、本発明が実施されることによって炭素クレジットを付与される者を本明細書では債権者と記載する。債権者は限定されないところ、栽培者自身のほか、プロジェクトデベロッパーや企業であってもよい。本明細書において「栽培者または債権者」と記載した場合の栽培者は、債権者であってもなくてもよい。
　また、本発明を実施させる実施者としては、前記プロジェクトデベロッパーや企業のほか自治体や国も想定される。 The present invention comprises the steps shown in FIG. While describing each of these steps, the present invention will be described in more detail below.
A person who is given a carbon credit by implementing the present invention is referred to as a creditor in this specification. Creditors are not limited, but may be project developers or companies in addition to growers themselves. In this specification, the grower in the case of “grower or creditor” may or may not be a creditor.
Moreover, as a practitioner who implements the present invention, a local government or a country is assumed in addition to the project developer or the company.
（１）メタンの排出量（Ａ）を求めるステップ
　本発明においては、まず、メタンの排出量（Ａ）およびメタンの排出を抑制できる抑制率（Ｂ１）または抑制時排出量（Ｂ２）を求める。メタンの排出量（Ａ）および抑制率（Ｂ１）または抑制時排出量（Ｂ２）から、メタン排出の抑制量の予測値が求められる。
　メタンの排出量（Ａ）は、債権者の水田における水稲の栽培基本パラメータから求められる。これらを含む栽培基本パラメータからメタンの排出量（Ａ）を求める方法は公知である（非特許文献１）。
　該栽培基本パラメータとして、土壌の種類および／または分析データ、栽培時期、水位調整システム、肥培管理、栽培される品種、栽培密度および栽培が行われる場所の気象データからの１種または２種以上を含むものは好ましい。 (1) Step for obtaining emission amount (A) of methane In the present invention, first, the emission amount (A) of methane and the suppression rate (B1) or the emission amount (B2) at the time of suppression can be suppressed. From the methane emission amount (A) and the suppression rate (B1) or the suppression emission amount (B2), a predicted value of the methane emission suppression amount is obtained.
Methane emission (A) is obtained from basic cultivation parameters of paddy rice in the paddy field of the creditor. A method for obtaining the emission amount (A) of methane from the basic cultivation parameters including these is known (Non-Patent Document 1).
As the cultivation basic parameters, one or more kinds of soil type and / or analysis data, cultivation time, water level adjustment system, fertilizer management, cultivated variety, cultivation density and weather data of the place where cultivation is performed are used. The inclusion is preferred.
　なお、本発明における「スラグ」は、鉱石から金属を製錬する際に、冶金対象である金属から溶融によって分離した鉱石母岩の鉱物成分などを含む物質であればとくに限定されない。本発明において好ましいスラグは、高炉スラグおよび製鋼スラグが包含される鉄鋼スラグ（製鉄スラグ）であり、製鋼スラグはケイ酸や微量元素含量が多く、水稲の生育により好ましい資材であるためとくに好ましい。 The “slag” in the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it contains a mineral component of an ore host rock separated by melting from a metal that is a metallurgical object when a metal is smelted from ore. In the present invention, preferred slag is steel slag (iron slag) including blast furnace slag and steelmaking slag, and steelmaking slag is particularly preferred because it has a high content of silicic acid and trace elements and is a preferred material for growing rice.
（２）抑制率（Ｂ１）または抑制時排出量（Ｂ２）を求めるステップ
　次に、抑制率（Ｂ１）または抑制時排出量（Ｂ２）を求めるステップにおいて、債権者の水田において採用されるメタン抑制栽培パラメータに基づいて、メタンの排出が抑制される抑制率または抑制時排出量を計算する。
　抑制率（Ｂ１）および抑制時排出量（Ｂ２）のうち、抑制率（Ｂ１）は、前記メタン抑制栽培パラメータを考慮した場合に削減されると考えられるメタン排出の削減量の、メタンの排出量（Ａ）に対する割合である。また、抑制時排出量（Ｂ２）は、前記メタン抑制栽培パラメータを考慮した場合に削減されると考えられるメタンの排出量を考慮した排出量である。すなわち、前記メタン抑制栽培パラメータを考慮した場合のメタンの排出の削減量が、式Ａ×Ｂ１または式Ａ－Ｂ２によって求められる。
　前記メタン抑制栽培パラメータから抑制率（Ｂ１）または抑制時排出量（Ｂ２）を求める方法も公知である（非特許文献１）。
　メタン抑制栽培パラメータには、少なくとも水位管理およびメタン発生抑制資材の使用量が包含される。また、該パラメータとして、各種栽培データ、使用される有機物の量および不耕起栽培の有無からの１種または２種以上をさらに含むものは好ましい。
　また、各カテゴリーの水田からの排出係数、水稲栽培面積および収穫面積、ベースライン排出係数、水田タイプと栽培期間中の水管理にともなう拡大係数、有機物施用にともなう拡大係数、ならびに土壌タイプと水稲品種にともなう拡大係数を併せて用いてもよい。 (2) Step of obtaining the suppression rate (B1) or emission at the time of suppression (B2) Next, in the step of obtaining the suppression rate (B1) or the emission at the time of suppression (B2), the methane suppression adopted in the paddy field of the creditor Based on the cultivation parameters, the suppression rate at which the emission of methane is suppressed or the emission at the time of suppression is calculated.
Of the suppression rate (B1) and the emission amount at the time of suppression (B2), the suppression rate (B1) is the emission amount of methane, which is the reduction amount of methane emission that is considered to be reduced when the methane suppression cultivation parameters are considered. It is a ratio to (A). Moreover, the emission amount (B2) at the time of suppression is an emission amount that takes into consideration the emission amount of methane that is considered to be reduced when the methane-suppressed cultivation parameters are considered. That is, the reduction amount of methane emission when the methane-suppressed cultivation parameters are taken into consideration is obtained by the formula A × B1 or the formula A-B2.
A method for obtaining a suppression rate (B1) or a suppression emission amount (B2) from the methane suppression cultivation parameters is also known (Non-Patent Document 1).
The methane-suppressed cultivation parameters include at least water level management and the amount of methane generation-suppressing material used. Moreover, what further contains 1 type or 2 types or more from various cultivation data, the quantity of the organic substance used, and the presence or absence of no tillage cultivation as this parameter is preferable.
In addition, emission factors from each category of paddy fields, paddy rice cultivation area and harvest area, baseline emission factors, paddy field types and expansion factors associated with water management during the cultivation period, expansion factors associated with organic matter application, and soil types and rice varieties The enlargement factor associated with may be used together.
（３）割引率（Ｃ）を求めるステップ
　次に、前記水田において水稲が栽培された後に、該水稲が栽培された期間におけるメタン発生抑制資材使用情報を含む割引率情報によって、前記メタン抑制栽培パラメータを較正するメタンの排出の抑制の割引率（Ｃ）（０≦Ｃ≦１）を計算する。
　本ステップは、前記メタン抑制栽培パラメータを較正して適用し、メタン排出の抑制量の実際の値を求めるために、メタン発生抑制資材使用情報を含む割引率情報からメタンの排出の抑制の割引率を計算するステップである。
　メタン発生抑制資材の施用量に応じて、規定量以上であれば割引率をゼロとし、該施用量が少ないほど割引率を高くするように設定する。 (3) Step of obtaining discount rate (C) Next, after the paddy rice is cultivated in the paddy field, the methane-suppressed cultivation parameter is obtained by discount rate information including methane generation suppressing material use information in the period during which the paddy rice is cultivated. Calculate the discount rate (C) (0 ≦ C ≦ 1) of suppression of methane emission.
This step calibrates and applies the methane-suppressed cultivation parameters, and obtains the actual value of the methane emission suppression amount from the discount rate information including the methane generation suppression material usage information, and the methane emission suppression discount rate Is the step of calculating
Depending on the application amount of the methane generation suppressing material, the discount rate is set to zero if the amount exceeds the specified amount, and the discount rate is set to be higher as the application amount is smaller.
　メタン発生抑制資材使用情報は、メタン発生抑制資材販売者からの販売情報の照合することによって、一層正確なものとなるため好ましい。
　また、割引率情報が、さらに水位情報を含む前記方法は、割引率がより正確に計算されるため好ましい。
　なお、水位管理において無潅水の期間を設けることにより、メタン排出量が低減されることは上記のとおりである。したがって、水位が規定値より高い場合には、割引率を高くする。 The methane generation suppression material use information is preferable because it becomes more accurate by collating sales information from the methane generation suppression material seller.
The method in which the discount rate information further includes water level information is preferable because the discount rate is calculated more accurately.
In addition, as described above, methane emissions are reduced by providing a period of non-irrigation in water level management. Therefore, when the water level is higher than the specified value, the discount rate is increased.
（４）メタン排出の削減量を求めるステップおよび炭素クレジットを付与するステップ
　上記のようにしてメタンの排出量（Ａ）、抑制率（Ｂ１）または抑制時排出量（Ｂ２）および割引率（Ｃ）を求め、抑制率または抑制時排出量を抑制率（Ｂ１）（０≦Ｂ１≦１）として求めた場合には式Ａ×Ｂ１×Ｃにより、抑制率または抑制時排出量を抑制時排出量（Ｂ２）（Ｂ２≦Ａ）として求めた場合には式（Ａ－Ｂ２）×Ｃにより、メタン排出の削減量を計算することができる。すなわち、当該メタン排出の削減量を計算するステップは、実際のメタン排出の削減量を計算するステップである。 (4) Step for obtaining reduction amount of methane emission and step for granting carbon credits Methane emission amount (A), suppression rate (B1) or emission rate during suppression (B2) and discount rate (C) as described above When the suppression rate or the emission amount at the time of suppression is obtained as the suppression rate (B1) (0 ≦ B1 ≦ 1), the suppression rate or the emission amount at the time of suppression is calculated by the formula A × B1 × C ( B2) When calculated as (B2 ≦ A), the reduction amount of methane emission can be calculated by the equation (A−B2) × C. That is, the step of calculating the reduction amount of the methane emission is a step of calculating the actual reduction amount of methane emission.
　そして、前記削減量の対価として炭素クレジットが取得され、前記水稲を栽培した栽培者その他の債権者に該炭素クレジットが付与される。同炭素クレジットは対価として、該栽培者または債権者がメタン発生抑制資材購入費用に充当することができるため、該栽培者または債権者はメタン発生抑制資材を実質的により安価に購入し、施用することが可能となる。もしくは、栽培者または債権者は、該炭素クレジットを次回以降の栽培のためのメタン発生抑制資材を購入する費用に充当してもよい。
　本発明の方法のうち、上記メタン排出削減水稲栽培のモニタリングおよび検証の確証として、メタン発生抑制資材の販売者にメタン発生抑制資材の販売履歴を発行させるステップをさらに含むものは好ましい。 And carbon credit is acquired as consideration of the amount of reduction, and the carbon credit is given to the grower and other creditors who cultivated the paddy rice. Since the grower or creditor can pay the methane generation suppression material purchase cost as compensation, the grower or creditor purchases and applies the methane generation suppression material substantially cheaply. It becomes possible. Alternatively, the grower or creditor may use the carbon credit for the cost of purchasing the methane generation suppressing material for the subsequent cultivation.
Among the methods of the present invention, it is preferable that the method further includes the step of causing the seller of the methane generation suppressing material to issue a sales history of the methane generation suppressing material as confirmation of the monitoring and verification of the methane emission reduction paddy rice cultivation.
　メタン発生抑制資材としてスラグを施用した場合の対価の額は、例えば以下のように試算される。
　製鋼スラグの施用を含むメタン排出抑制水稲栽培でメタンの排出が５０％削減されるところ、メタンの単位面積当たりの排出量は２０トン－ＣＯ２／ｈａであり、５ＵＳ＄／トン－ＣＯ２の対価が得られるとすると、単位面積当たりの対価は５０ＵＳ＄／ｈａとなる。かかる対価は、スラグ施用のコストを十分に補填し得るものである。
　かかる対価は、スラグの施用による増収効果に加重して得られるものであり、その意義は大きいものである。 The amount of consideration when slag is applied as a methane generation suppression material is calculated as follows, for example.
Methane emission control including application of steelmaking slag reduces methane emission by 50% in paddy rice cultivation. The amount of methane emission per unit area is 20 tons-CO 2 / ha, which is 5 US $ / ton-CO 2 . If the price is obtained, the price per unit area is 50 US $ / ha. Such consideration can sufficiently cover the slag application cost.
Such consideration is obtained by weighting up the effect of increasing sales due to the application of slag, and its significance is significant.
　本発明の方法のうち、以下のものは、それぞれ好ましい：
　栽培基本パラメータが提供され、会員データベースに格納され、ＢＡＵ（Business as Usual）シナリオデータベースに格納されている情報と照合されることにより、排出量計算ステップにおいてメタンの排出量（Ａ）が計算されるもの； Of the methods of the present invention, the following are each preferred:
Cultivation basic parameters are provided, stored in the member database, and collated with information stored in the BAU (Business as Usual) scenario database to calculate the emission amount of methane (A) in the emission calculation step thing;
　メタン抑制栽培パラメータが提供され、栽培情報データベースに格納され、栽培情報データベースに格納されている情報と照合されることにより、抑制率または抑制時排出量計算ステップにおいて抑制率（Ｂ１）または抑制時排出量（Ｂ２）が計算されるもの；および Methane-suppressed cultivation parameters are provided, stored in the cultivation information database, and checked against the information stored in the cultivation information database, so that the inhibition rate (B1) or emission at the time of inhibition is calculated in the emission rate calculation step during inhibition. The quantity (B2) is calculated; and
　メタン発生抑制資材使用情報および水位情報が、メタン発生抑制資材生産者によって販売されたメタン発生抑制資材販売量についてのメタン発生抑制資材販売データベースおよび気象データベースに格納されている情報とそれぞれ照合され、割引率計算ステップにおいて割引率（Ｃ）が計算されるもの。
　これらの方法を実施するための手法は、本技術分野において公知である。また、上記栽培基本パラメータ、メタン抑制栽培パラメータ、メタン発生抑制資材使用情報、水位情報は、それぞれインターネットを介して提供されてよい。また、これらを提供するのは、栽培者または債権者等であってよい。 The methane generation suppression material usage information and water level information are compared with the information stored in the methane generation suppression material sales database and the weather database about the methane generation suppression material sales volume sold by the methane generation suppression material producer, respectively. A discount rate (C) is calculated in the rate calculation step.
Techniques for performing these methods are known in the art. Moreover, the said cultivation basic parameter, methane suppression cultivation parameter, methane generation suppression material use information, and water level information may each be provided via the internet. Also, the grower or creditor may provide these.
　また、本発明の方法のうち、さらに以下のステップを含むものは好ましい。これらの態様の概略は図２に示した。
　２以上の債権者が所属する組織が、少なくとも各債権者の水田におけるメタン発生抑制資材施用および水位コントロールをモニタリングするステップ、
　該組織が、モニタリングの結果を炭素クレジット認証機関に報告するステップ、
　炭素クレジット認証機関が、予め設定された基準および報告されたモニタリングの結果に基づいて、該組織に炭素クレジットを付与するステップ、および
　該組織が、各債権者の栽培面積に応じて前記炭素クレジットを各債権者に分配するステップ。 Further, among the methods of the present invention, those further comprising the following steps are preferable. The outline of these embodiments is shown in FIG.
An organization to which two or more creditors belong, monitoring at least the application of methane generation control materials and water level control in each paddy's paddy field;
The organization reports the results of the monitoring to a carbon credit certification body;
A carbon credit certifying body granting carbon credits to the organization based on preset criteria and reported monitoring results; and the organization grants the carbon credits according to the cultivation area of each creditor. Step to distribute to each creditor.
　上記組織は、例えば水利組合のようなものであってよい。該水利組合は、メタン発生抑制資材業者からのメタン発生抑制資材購入や各栽培者または債権者への該メタン発生抑制資材の販売を行うことができる。
　水利組合の代表者は、各栽培者または債権者のメタン発生抑制資材施用および水位コントロールの状況をモニタリングし、さらに不耕起栽培実施等をモニタリングしてもよい。該モニタリング結果は、該組織を通じてＣＤＭ（Clean Development Mechanism）事務局等の炭素クレジット認証機関に報告され、債権者は対価として炭素クレジットを取得することができる。該炭素クレジットは各栽培者または債権者の水田の面積に応じて分配し、その金銭的な対価はメタン発生抑制資材購入代金に充当することができる。 The organization may be a water association, for example. The irrigation association can purchase methane generation suppression materials from methane generation suppression material suppliers and sell the methane generation suppression materials to growers or creditors.
The representative of the WUA may monitor the status of each grower or creditor's application of methane generation suppression materials and water level control, and may also monitor the implementation of no-tillage cultivation. The monitoring result is reported to a carbon credit certification organization such as a CDM (Clean Development Mechanism) secretariat through the organization, and the creditor can obtain carbon credit as compensation. The carbon credit is distributed according to the area of the paddy field of each grower or creditor, and the monetary value can be used for the purchase price of the methane generation suppression material.
　炭素クレジット（ＣＥＲ）についての情報もデータベース化されてよい。
　また、栽培者または債権者への対価は、ＣＥＲ自体を排出権需要者（電力会社、鉄鋼製造業者等）に付与された後、当該ＣＥＲに相当する金銭的な対価（キャッシュ）が需要者から栽培者または債権者に分配されてよい。この場合の金銭的な対価は、前記需要者によりインセンティブとして直接分配されてもよいし、各種金融機関を通して分配されてもよい。ただし、本発明において、上記炭素クレジット認証機関および金融機関を用いることは、本発明において不可欠な構成ではない。
　さらに、栽培者または債権者への対価は、ＣＥＲデータベース等から栽培者または債権者にＣＥＲとして分配されてもよい。 Information about carbon credits (CER) may also be databased.
In addition, the consideration for growers or creditors is that the CER itself is given to consumers of emission credits (electric power companies, steel manufacturers, etc.), and then the monetary consideration (cash) equivalent to the CER is received from the consumer. It may be distributed to growers or creditors. The monetary consideration in this case may be distributed directly as an incentive by the consumer, or may be distributed through various financial institutions. However, in the present invention, the use of the carbon credit certification organization and the financial institution is not an essential configuration in the present invention.
Further, the consideration for the grower or creditor may be distributed as CER to the grower or creditor from the CER database or the like.
　本発明は、前記いずれかの方法に用いられた水田において生産される水稲にも関する。該水稲は、温暖化ガス抑制米として、プレミアをつけて販売することが可能であり、栽培者または債権者に一層大きい利益をもたらすものである。 The present invention also relates to paddy rice produced in the paddy field used in any of the above methods. The paddy rice can be sold as a greenhouse gas-suppressed rice with a premier, and provides a greater profit to growers or creditors.
　本発明によれば、温暖化ガスであるメタンの排出量の低減を促進することができる。したがって、本発明は水稲栽培業およびその関連産業の発展に寄与するところ大である。 According to the present invention, it is possible to promote the reduction of the emission amount of methane, which is a greenhouse gas. Therefore, the present invention greatly contributes to the development of paddy rice cultivation industry and related industries.

Claims (11)

  1. 　以下のステップを含む、水田からのメタンの排出の抑制を増大する方法：
    　前記水田における水稲の栽培基本パラメータから、該水田において水稲が栽培された場合に通常発生するメタンの排出量（Ａ）を計算する排出量計算ステップ；
    　前記水田において水稲が栽培される際に採用される、水位管理およびメタン発生抑制資材の使用量を含むメタンの排出に関するメタン抑制栽培パラメータから、メタンの排出が抑制される抑制率（Ｂ１）または抑制時排出量（Ｂ２）を計算する抑制率または抑制時排出量計算ステップ；
    　前記水田において水稲が栽培された後に、該水稲が栽培された期間におけるメタン発生抑制資材使用情報を含む割引率情報によって、前記メタン抑制栽培パラメータを較正するメタンの排出の抑制の割引率（Ｃ）（０≦Ｃ≦１）を計算する割引率計算ステップ； 
    　抑制率（Ｂ１）または抑制時排出量（Ｂ２）を用いた式Ａ×Ｂ１×Ｃまたは式（Ａ－Ｂ２）×Ｃにより、前記水田におけるメタン排出の削減量を計算する削減量計算ステップ；および
    　前記削減量の対価として炭素クレジットが取得され、債権者に前記炭素クレジットが付与される炭素クレジット付与ステップ。     A method to increase the suppression of methane emissions from paddy fields, including the following steps:
    Emission amount calculating step for calculating the emission amount (A) of methane normally generated when paddy rice is cultivated in the paddy field from the basic cultivation parameters of paddy rice in the paddy field;
    Control rate (B1) or suppression that suppresses methane emission from water level management and methane suppression cultivation parameters related to methane emission including the amount of methane generation suppression materials used when paddy rice is cultivated in the paddy field Suppression rate to calculate the hourly emission amount (B2) or emission amount calculation step at the time of suppression;
    Discount rate (C) of methane emission suppression that calibrates the methane suppression cultivation parameters by discount rate information including methane generation suppression material use information in the period during which the paddy rice was cultivated after the paddy rice was cultivated in the paddy field A discount rate calculating step for calculating (0 ≦ C ≦ 1);
    A reduction amount calculating step of calculating a reduction amount of methane emission in the paddy field by the formula A × B1 × C or the formula (A−B2) × C using the suppression rate (B1) or the emission amount at the time of suppression (B2); and A carbon credit granting step in which a carbon credit is acquired as a consideration for the reduction amount, and the creditor is given the carbon credit.
  2. 　栽培基本パラメータが提供され、会員データベースに格納され、ＢＡＵシナリオデータベースに格納されている情報と照合されることにより、排出量計算ステップにおいてメタンの排出量（Ａ）が計算される、請求項１に記載の方法。 The methane emission (A) is calculated in the emission calculation step by providing cultivation basic parameters, stored in the member database, and collated with information stored in the BAU scenario database. The method described.
  3. 　メタン抑制栽培パラメータが提供され、栽培情報データベースに格納され、栽培情報データベースに格納されている情報と照合されることにより、抑制率または抑制時排出量計算ステップにおいて抑制率（Ｂ１）または抑制時排出量（Ｂ２）が計算される、請求項２に記載の方法。 Methane-suppressed cultivation parameters are provided, stored in the cultivation information database, and checked against the information stored in the cultivation information database, so that the inhibition rate (B1) or emission at the time of inhibition is calculated in the emission rate calculation step during inhibition. The method of claim 2, wherein the quantity (B2) is calculated.
  4. 　メタン発生抑制資材使用情報が、メタン発生抑制資材生産者によって販売されたメタン発生抑制資材販売量についてのメタン発生抑制資材販売データベースに格納されている情報と照合され、割引率計算ステップにおいて割引率（Ｃ）が計算される、請求項３に記載の方法。 The methane generation suppression material usage information is checked against the information stored in the methane generation suppression material sales database for the methane generation suppression material sales volume sold by the methane generation suppression material producer, and the discount rate ( 4. The method of claim 3, wherein C) is calculated.
  5. 　割引率情報が、さらに水位情報を含む、請求項１～４のいずれかに記載の方法。 The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the discount rate information further includes water level information.
  6. 　メタン排出削減水稲栽培のモニタリングおよび検証の確証として、メタン発生抑制資材の販売者にメタン発生抑制資材の販売履歴を発行させるステップをさらに含む、請求項１～５のいずれかに記載の方法。 The method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, further comprising a step of causing the seller of the methane generation suppressing material to issue a sales history of the methane generation suppressing material as confirmation of the monitoring and verification of the paddy rice cultivation with reduced methane emission.
  7. 　水稲の栽培基本パラメータが、土壌の種類および／または分析データ、栽培時期、水位調整システム、肥培管理、栽培される品種、栽培密度および栽培が行われる場所の気象データからの１種または２種以上を含む、請求項１～６のいずれかに記載の方法。 The cultivation basic parameters of paddy rice are one or more from soil type and / or analysis data, cultivation time, water level adjustment system, fertilizer management, cultivated variety, cultivation density and weather data of cultivation place The method according to any of claims 1 to 6, comprising:
  8. 　メタン抑制栽培パラメータが、各種栽培データ、使用される有機物の量および不耕起栽培の有無からの１種または２種以上をさらに含む、請求項１～７のいずれかに記載の方法。 The method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the methane-suppressed cultivation parameters further include one or more kinds based on various cultivation data, the amount of organic matter used, and whether or not no-tillage cultivation is performed.
  9. 　メタン発生抑制資材が製鋼スラグを含む、請求項１～８のいずれかに記載の方法。 The method according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the methane generation suppressing material comprises steel slag.
  10. 　さらに以下のステップを含む、請求項１～９のいずれかに記載の方法：
    　２以上の債権者が所属する組織が、少なくとも各債権者の水田におけるメタン発生抑制資材施用および水位コントロールをモニタリングするステップ、
    　該組織が、モニタリングの結果を炭素クレジット認証機関に報告するステップ、
    　炭素クレジット認証機関が、予め設定された基準および報告されたモニタリングの結果に基づいて、該組織に炭素クレジットを付与するステップ、および
    　該組織が、各債権者の栽培面積に応じて前記炭素クレジットを各債権者に分配するステップ。     The method according to any of claims 1 to 9, further comprising the following steps:
    An organization to which two or more creditors belong, monitoring at least the application of methane generation control materials and water level control in each paddy's paddy field;
    The organization reports the results of the monitoring to a carbon credit certification body;
    A carbon credit certifying body granting carbon credits to the organization based on preset criteria and reported monitoring results; and the organization grants the carbon credits according to the cultivation area of each creditor. Step to distribute to each creditor.
  11. 　請求項１～１０のいずれかに記載の方法に用いられた水田において生産される水稲。 Paddy rice produced in the paddy field used in the method according to any one of claims 1 to 10.
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JP7434618B2 (en) 2022-04-28 2024-02-20 株式会社クボタ Information processing device, information processing method, program
JP7460228B1 (en) 2023-10-31 2024-04-02 クレアトゥラ株式会社 Rice cultivation management device, rice cultivation management method, and rice cultivation management system

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